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Zhang T, Zhou D, Chen M, Zou H, Tang Q, Lu Y, Zheng Y. Effects of the Fibrous Root of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Immunity, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Morphology of White-Feathered Broilers. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1627. [PMID: 37998829 PMCID: PMC10669470 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of different doses of the fibrous roots of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua on the growth performance, slaughter parameters, meat quality, immune function, cytokines, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology of white-feathered broilers. Also, the mechanism to improve immune functions of broilers was explored through network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. A total of 360 AA-white-feathered broilers were randomly divided into six groups (not separated by sex), with six repetitions per group (n = 10). The groups were as follows: basal diet (CON group), basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg aureomycin (ANT group), basal diet supplemented with 2%, 3%, and 4% fibrous root raw powder (LD, MD, and HD group), or basal diet supplemented with 3% fibrous root processed powder (PR group), in a 42-day experiment. The dietary inclusion of P. cyrtonema fibrous roots increased slaughter performance (p < 0.05), reduced the fat rate (p < 0.05), improved intestinal morphology (p < 0.05), and improved the immune organ index to varying degrees. It also significantly improved pH reduction, drip loss, and pressure loss of breast muscle and leg muscle (p < 0.05). Furthermore, it significantly improved immune and antioxidant functions including decreased MDA content of serum (p < 0.01), increased GSH-Px content (p < 0.01), IgG, IgA, and C4 contents (p < 0.05), and increased expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ (p < 0.01). Additionally, the mechanism by which fibrous roots improve immune function in broilers was explored using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Network pharmacology and molecular docking revealed that flavonoids such as baicalein, 4',5-Dihydroxyflavone, 5,7-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethyl-3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl)-chroman-4-one, and 5,7-dihydroxy-3-(2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxybenzyl)-6,8-dimethyl-chroman-4-one were key components that enhanced immune function through the MAPK1 and other key targets involved in regulating the MAPK signaling pathway. From the findings, it can be concluded that incorporating P. cyrtonema Hua fibrous root as a natural feed supplement and growth promoter in broiler diets had a positive impact on bird health and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlu Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.Z.); (D.Z.); (Q.T.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.Z.); (D.Z.); (Q.T.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Miaofen Chen
- College of Animal Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Hui Zou
- Yipuyuan Huangjing Technology Co., Ltd., Xinhua 417600, China;
| | - Qi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.Z.); (D.Z.); (Q.T.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ying Lu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.Z.); (D.Z.); (Q.T.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yajie Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (T.Z.); (D.Z.); (Q.T.)
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha 410128, China
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Zhang Y, Wu M, Li H, Sun J, Huang L, Yuan Y. Potential benefits of Rehmanniae Radix after ancient rice-steaming process in promotion of antioxidant activity in rats' health. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5532-5542. [PMID: 37701193 PMCID: PMC10494654 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice steam processed product of Rehmanniae Radix (RSRR), one of the processed products of Rehmanniae Radix (RR), is popular as an herbal medicine and food. However, the health-promoting effects and mechanisms of RSRR are still unclear. In this study, 10-week-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were treated with different processed products of RR. No organ coefficient differences were observed between RSRR and the control group, indicating that RSRR did not cause damage to the rats. Compared with other RR products, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and catalase levels were significantly higher and malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower in the RSRR group, indicating that RSRR exerted a better antioxidant effect. Gene expression analysis showed that hemoglobin genes (Hba-a1, Hba-a2, Hbb-bs, Hbb, Hbq1b, Hbb-b1, and LOC103694857) may be potential biomarkers to evaluate the antioxidant effect of RSRR. Antioxidation-related signaling pathways in GO annotation, including cellular oxidant detoxification, hydrogen peroxide metabolic process, hemoglobin complex, and oxygen binding signaling pathways were significantly enriched, indicating these pathways may represent the antioxidant mechanism of RSRR. To explore the main active compounds primarily responsible for the antioxidant activity of RSRR, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used and six components (catalpol, rehmannioside A, rehmannioside D, melittoside, ajugol, and verbascoside) were identified in rat serum. Catalpol and rehmannioside A were predicted to be the major active components by network pharmacology. These results suggested that RSRR exhibits antioxidant activity and has health-promoting properties. This study provides a scientific basis for the antioxidant mechanism and clinical use of RSRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Meng‐xi Wu
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hong‐mei Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Dao‐di HerbsChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jianhui Sun
- Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lu‐qi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuan Yuan
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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Combined Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Verify the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes with Pueraria Lobata Radix and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2023; 2023:9150324. [PMID: 36820318 PMCID: PMC9938769 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9150324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore the potential molecular mechanism of Pueraria Lobata Radix (RP) and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix (RS) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods The chemical constituents and core targets of RP and RS were searched by Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology (TCMSP); target genes related to T2DM were obtained through GeneCards database, component target network diagram was constructed, intersection genes of active compounds and T2DM were synthesized, protein-protein interaction (PPI) relationship was obtained, and core targets were screened by using Cytoscape 3.7.2. Gene Ontology (GO) biological process and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway were analyzed utilizing R studio 4.0.4 according to David database. Based on molecular docking, the screened active components of RP and RS were verified by molecular docking with the core target using Discovery Studio 2019. Results There were totally 92 components and 29 corresponding targets in the component target network of RP and RS drug pair, of which 6 were the core targets of RP and RS in the treatment of T2DM. Molecular docking results showed that the active compounds of puerarin, formononetin, tanshinone iia, and luteolin had better binding activity with AKT1, VEGFA, NOS3, PPARG, MMP9, and VCAM1, respectively. Among them, puerarin showed significant effects in activating NOS3 pathway and luteolin exhibited significant effects in activating MMP9 pathway, respectively. The main biological processes mainly including xenobiotic stimulus, response to peptide, gland development, response to radiation, cellular response to chemical stress, response to oxygen levels, and the main signal pathways include response to xenobiotic stimulus, cellular response to chemical stress, response to peptide, gland development, and response to oxygen levels. Conclusion Network pharmacology is an effective tool to explain the action mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) from the overall perspective. RP and RS pair could alleviate T2DM via the molecular mechanism predicted by the network pharmacology, which provided new ideas and further research on the molecular mechanism of T2DM.
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Health-Promoting Activities and Associated Mechanisms of Polygonati Rhizoma Polysaccharides. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031350. [PMID: 36771015 PMCID: PMC9919897 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygonati Rhizoma, a typical homology of medicine and food, possesses remarkable anti-fatigue, anti-aging, metabolic regulatory, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-diabetes, and anti-cancer effects. Among bioactive phytochemicals in Polygonati Rhizoma, polysaccharides play important roles in the health-promoting activities through the mechanisms mentioned above and potential synergistic effects with other bioactives. In this review, we briefly introduce the updated biosynthesis of polysaccharides, the purification method, the structure characterization, and food applications, and discuss in detail the biological activities of Polygonati Rhizoma polysaccharides and associated mechanisms, aiming at broadening the usage of Polygonati Rhizoma as functional food and medicine.
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Gudise V, Chowdhury B, Manjappa AS. Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of Argyreia pierreana and Matelea denticulata: Higher activity of the micellar nanoformulation over the crude extract. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 11:259-267. [PMID: 34012872 PMCID: PMC8116714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Herbal medicine combined with nanotechnology is widely proposed to improve the oral bioavailability, reduce the required dose and side effects, and improve the pharmacological efficacy of extracts. Thus, this study evaluated the in vivo antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of ethanolic leaf extracts of Argyreia pierreana (AP) and Matelea denticulata (MP) plants in comparison with their micellar nanoformulations. Materials and methods The mixed micelles (MMs) loaded with crude extracts (CEs) of AP and MD (AP-MMs and MD-MMs) were prepared using a film dispersion technique. Type 2 diabetes was induced in rats using high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose (35 mg/kg) streptozotocin (STZ) injection. The pharmacological actions of CEs, AP-MMs and MD-MMs were determined in type 2 diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats. Results Oral treatments with low-dose AP-MMs and MD-MMs having a mean particle size of 163 ± 10 nm and 145 ± 8 nm respectively, resulted in significantly decreased fasting blood glucose level and increased serum insulin, glucokinase levels, and normalized the elevated levels of hemoglobin A1C and glucose-6-phosphatase. Both extracts significantly decreased serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein, as well as elevated high-density lipoprotein levels. Additionally, improvements in antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) and malondialdehyde levels were evidenced clearly in tested vital organs (brain, heart, liver). Conclusion This is the first report of the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of ethanolic leaf extracts of AP and MP plants. Our findings indicate the potential utility of nanotechnology in improving the oral therapeutic efficacy of herbal extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataiah Gudise
- Department of Pharmacology, SSJ College of Pharmacy, Vattinagulapally, Gandipet, Hyderabad-500075, Telangana State, India
| | - Bimalendu Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacology, Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khodasingi, Berhampur-760010, Odisha, India
| | - Arehalli S Manjappa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar-416113, Maharashtra, India
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Li B, Wu P, Fu W, Xiong Y, Zhang L, Gao Y, Deng G, Zong S, Zeng G. The Role and Mechanism of miRNA-1224 in the Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide Regulation of Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages to Osteoclast Differentiation. Rejuvenation Res 2019; 22:420-430. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2018.2126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Pingping Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenwen Fu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yin Xiong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yunbing Gao
- Department of Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - GuiYing Deng
- Department of Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shaohui Zong
- Department of Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Liu C, Zeng X, Li Y, Ma H, Song J, Li Y, Zhou Y, Lee RJ, Wang D. Investigation of hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and anti-nephritic activities of Paecilomyces tenuipesN45 in diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2807-2813. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Gogoi B, Kakoti BB, Borah S, Borah NS. Antihyperglycemic and in vivo antioxidative activity evaluation of Cinnamomum bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.) in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats: an ethnomedicinal plant in Assam. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014; 7S1:S427-34. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60270-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Liu J, Zhang H, Ji B, Cai S, Wang R, Zhou F, Yang J, Liu H. A diet formula of Puerariae radix, Lycium barbarum, Crataegus pinnatifida, and Polygonati rhizoma alleviates insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in CD-1 mice and HepG2 cells. Food Funct 2014; 5:1038-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60524h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
According to the principles of traditional Chinese medicine, medicinal and edible herbs exhibit holistic effects through their actions on multiple target organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - HongJuan Zhang
- Beijing Ribio Biotech Co., Ltd
- Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
| | - BaoPing Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - ShengBao Cai
- Research Center of Food Engineering
- Faculty of chemical engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - RuoJun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - JunSi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - HuiJun Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Food from Plant Resources
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
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Wang Q, Jiang C, Fang S, Wang J, Ji Y, Shang X, Ni Y, Yin Z, Zhang J. Antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Cyclocarya paliurus leaves in type 2 diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:1119-27. [PMID: 24184190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyclocarya paliurus (CP) Batal., the sole species in its genus and native to China, is a herbal tea, which has been traditionally used in the folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes and hyperlipidemia in China. To evaluate the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts from CP in high fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Type 2 diabetes was induced in 140 rats by feeding with HFD and high sugar water for 6 weeks and single injection of STZ (30mg/kg, intraperitoneally). CP ethanol extract (CPEE) and aqueous extract (CPAE) at three doses at 2, 4 and 8 g/kg/day were orally administered once daily for four weeks. Blood glucose, serum insulin, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), free fatty acid (FFA), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA) and glycated serum protein (GSP) were examined. The content of total flavonoids and polysaccharides in CPEE and CPAE were assayed by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. RESULTS Both CPEE and CPAE increased OGTT, ITT, HDL-C, SOD and GSH-Px, while they decreased FFA, TC, TG, LDL-C, MDA, BUN, CREA and GSP. The amount of total flavonoids was found in CPEE (30.41 mg/g extract), followed by CPAE (6.75 mg/g extract). Similarly, the polysaccharides content (4.13 mg/g extract) was observed in CPAE, while absent in CPEE. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that CPEE and CPAE exhibited the similar antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects in type 2 diabetic rats, and there were no significant differences between these two extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjiaxiang, Gulou District, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 100, Shizi Street, Hongshan Road, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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Ruan CT, Lam SH, Lee SS, Su MJ. Hypoglycemic action of borapetoside A from the plant Tinospora crispa in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 20:667-675. [PMID: 23523259 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study explores the hypoglycemic effects of borapetoside A, the most active principle among three major diterpenoids (borapetosides A, B, and C) isolated from ethanol extract of Tinospora crispa vines. METHODS We employed mouse mitogenic C2C12 and hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells in this study. Furthermore, the mice were divided into three groups, including streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus, diet-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus, and normal control. The mice in each group were treated with assigned vehicle control, borapetoside A, or other active agents. RESULTS Borapetoside A was shown to increase the glycogen content and decrease the plasma glucose concentration in a concentration or dose-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. The hypoglycemic effects in the normal mice and the mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus were associated with the increases of the plasma insulin levels; whereas, the insulin levels remained unchanged in the mice with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Borapetoside A not only attenuated the elevation of plasma glucose induced by an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, but also increased the glycogen synthesis of IL-6 treated C2C12 cells. Moreover, the elevated protein expression levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase were reversed after borapetoside A treatment twice a day for 7 days. CONCLUSIONS The hypoglycemic effects of borapetoside A were mediated through both the insulin-dependent and the insulin-independent pathways. Furthermore, borapetoside A was shown to increase the glucose utilization in peripheral tissues, to reduce the hepatic gluconeogenesis, and to activate the insulin signaling pathway; they thereby contributed to the lowering of the plasma glucose. Comparison of the structures of three borapetosides suggests clearly that the C-8 stereochemistry plays a key role in hypoglycemic effect since the active borapetoside A and C possess 8R-chirality but the inactive borapetoside B possess 8S-chirality. The location of glycoside at C-3 for borapetoside A but C-6 for borapetoside C and the formation of lactone between C-4 and C-6 for borapetoside A, could account for the different potency in hypoglycemic action for these two compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Tun Ruan
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Li R, Liang T, Xu L, Li Y, Zhang S, Duan X. Protective effect of cinnamon polyphenols against STZ-diabetic mice fed high-sugar, high-fat diet and its underlying mechanism. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 51:419-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Decrease of Plasma Glucose by Hibiscus taiwanensisin Type-1-Like Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:356705. [PMID: 23690841 PMCID: PMC3652199 DOI: 10.1155/2013/356705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hibiscus taiwanensis (Malvaceae) is widely used as an alternative herb to treat disorders in Taiwan. In the present study, it is used to screen the effect on diabetic hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-diabetic rats). The extract of Hibiscus taiwanensis showed a significant plasma glucose-lowering action in STZ-diabetic rats. Stems of Hibiscus taiwanensis are more effective than other parts to decrease the plasma glucose in a dose-dependent manner. Oral administration of Hibiscus taiwanensis three times daily for 3 days into STZ-diabetic rats increased the sensitivity to exogenous insulin showing an increase in insulin sensitivity. Moreover, similar repeated administration of Hibiscus taiwanensis for 3 days in STZ-diabetic rats produced a marked reduction of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) expression in liver and an increased expression of glucose transporter subtype 4 (GLUT 4) in skeletal muscle. Taken together, our results suggest that Hibiscus taiwanensis has the ability to lower plasma glucose through an increase in glucose utilization via elevation of skeletal GLUT 4 and decrease of hepatic PEPCK in STZ-diabetic rats.
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Shin S, Kim S, Oh HE, Kong H, Shin E, Do SG, Jo TH, Park YI, Lee CK, Kim K. Dietary Aloe QDM Complex Reduces Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance and Adipogenesis in Obese Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Immune Netw 2012; 12:96-103. [PMID: 22916045 PMCID: PMC3422715 DOI: 10.4110/in.2012.12.3.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-induced disorders contribute to the development of metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance, fatty liver diseases, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we evaluated whether the Aloe QDM complex could improve metabolic disorders related to blood glucose levels and insulin resistance. Male C57BL/6 obese mice fed a high-fat diet for 54 days received a supplement of Aloe QDM complex or pioglitazone (PGZ) or metformin (Met) and were compared with unsupplemented controls (high-fat diet; HFD) or mice fed a regular diet (RD). RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to quantify the expression of obesity-induced inflammation. Dietary Aloe QDM complex lowered body weight, fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, and leptin levels, and markedly reduced the impairment of glucose tolerance in obese mice. Also, Aloe QDM complex significantly enhanced plasma adiponectin levels and insulin sensitivity via AMPK activity in muscles. At the same time, Aloe QDM decreased the mRNA and protein of PPARγ/LXRα and scavenger receptors in white adipose tissue (WAT). Dietary Aloe QDM complex reduces obesity-induced glucose tolerance not only by suppressing PPARγ/LXRα but also by enhancing AMPK activity in the WAT and muscles, both of which are important peripheral tissues affecting insulin resistance. The Aloe QDM complex could be used as a nutritional intervention against T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulmee Shin
- College of Pharmacy, SahmYook University, Seoul 139-742, Korea
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Shin E, Shin S, Kong H, Lee S, Do SG, Jo TH, Park YI, Lee CK, Hwang IK, Kim K. Dietary Aloe Reduces Adipogenesis via the Activation of AMPK and Suppresses Obesity-related Inflammation in Obese Mice. Immune Netw 2011; 11:107-13. [PMID: 21637388 PMCID: PMC3100521 DOI: 10.4110/in.2011.11.2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic disorders, including type II diabetes and obesity, present major health risks in industrialized countries. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has become the focus of a great deal of attention as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of metabolic syndromes. In this study, we evaluated whether dietary aloe could reduce obesity-induced inflammation and adipogenesis. Methods Male C57BL/6 obese mice fed a high-fat diet for 54 days received a supplement of aloe formula (PAG, ALS, Aloe QDM, and Aloe QDM complex) or pioglitazone (PGZ) and were compared with unsupplemented controls (high-fat diet; HFD) or mice fed a regular diet (RD). RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to quantify the expression of obesity-induced inflammation. Results Aloe QDM complex down-regulated fat size through suppressed expression of scavenger receptors on adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) compared with HFD. Both white adipose tissue (WATs) and muscle exhibited increased AMPK activation through aloe supplementation, and in particular, the Aloe QDM complex. Obesity-induced inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and -6) and HIF1α mRNA and protein were decreased markedly, as was macrophage infiltration by the Aloe QDM complex. Further, the Aloe QDM complex decreased the translocation of NF-κB p65 from the cytosol in the WAT. Conclusion Dietary aloe formula reduced obesity-induced inflammatory responses by activation of AMPK in muscle and suppression of proinflammatory cytokines in the WAT. Additionally, the expression of scavenger receptors in the ATM and activation of AMPK in WAT led to reduction in the percent of body fat. Thus, we suggest that the effect of the Aloe QDM complex in the WAT and muscle are related to activation of AMPK and its use as a nutritional intervention against T2D and obesity-related inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Shin E, Shim KS, Kong H, Lee S, Shin S, Kwon J, Jo TH, Park YI, Lee CK, Kim K. Dietary Aloe Improves Insulin Sensitivity via the Suppression of Obesity-induced Inflammation in Obese Mice. Immune Netw 2011; 11:59-67. [PMID: 21494375 PMCID: PMC3072676 DOI: 10.4110/in.2011.11.1.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin resistance is an integral feature of metabolic syndromes, including obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. In this study, we evaluated whether the aloe component could reduce obesity-induced inflammation and the occurrence of metabolic disorders such as blood glucose and insulin resistance. Methods Male C57BL/6 obese mice fed a high-fat diet for 54 days received a supplement of aloe formula (PAG, ALS, Aloe QDM, and Aloe QDM complex) or pioglitazone (PGZ) and were compared with unsupplemented controls (high-fat diet; HFD) or mice fed a regular diet (RD). RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to quantify the expression of obesity-induced inflammation. Results Aloe QDM lowered fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin compared with HFD. Obesity-induced inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, -6, -12, TNF-α) and chemokine (CX3CL1, CCL5) mRNA and protein were decreased markedly, as was macrophage infiltration and hepatic triglycerides by Aloe QDM. At the same time, Aloe QDM decreased the mRNA and protein of PPARγ/LXRα and 11β-HSD1 both in the liver and WAT. Conclusion Dietary aloe formula reduces obesity-induced glucose tolerance not only by suppressing inflammatory responses but also by inducing anti-inflammatory cytokines in the WAT and liver, both of which are important peripheral tissues affecting insulin resistance. The effect of Aloe QDM complex in the WAT and liver are related to its dual action on PPARγ and 11β-HSD1 expression and its use as a nutritional intervention against T2D and obesity-related inflammation is suggested.
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Dias T, Bronze MR, Houghton PJ, Mota-Filipe H, Paulo A. The flavonoid-rich fraction of Coreopsis tinctoria promotes glucose tolerance regain through pancreatic function recovery in streptozotocin-induced glucose-intolerant rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 132:483-490. [PMID: 20813179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Infusions of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. flowering tops have been used traditionally in Portugal to control hyperglycaemia and a previous study revealed that daily administration of the infusion during a 3-week period promoted the recovery of glucose tolerance by a mechanism different from inhibition of glucose absorption and direct promotion of insulin secretion. We know report the study of the ethyl acetate fraction of Coreopsis tinctoria flowers infusion aiming to confirm flavonoids as bioactive metabolites. To give one step forward into the antihyperglycaemic mechanism of action of this traditionally used plant we also studied the activity of Coreopsis tinctoria flavonoids on the pancreatic function of glucose-intolerant rats. A standard antioxidant, Trolox, was also studied for comparative purposes as the antioxidant mechanism has been frequently purposed as one of the mechanisms mediating antihyperglycaemic effects of flavonoid-rich extracts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirteen compounds, mainly of flavanone and chalcone flavonoidal type, have been identified in this fraction by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS, and the major one (marein) quantified by HPLC-UV. The fraction (125 mg containing 20 mg of marein/kg b.w.) and Trolox (50 mg/kg b.w.) were administered daily by oral gavage to normal and STZ (40 mg/kg b.w.)-induced glucose-intolerant Wistar rats for 3 weeks. Blood glucose levels were measured weekly by Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. Pancreatic function was evaluated by plasma lipase of treated and non-treated glucose-tolerant and- intolerant rats after the 3-week treatment period. RESULTS After 2 weeks oral treatment with Coreopsis tinctoria AcOEt fraction the animals were no longer glucose-intolerant, an effect maintained over the remaining experimental period. Additionally, plasma lipase values of glucose-intolerant animals treated with the AcOEt fraction (13.5 ± 0.84 U/L) showed a clear reduction when compared with the glucose-intolerant group (34.60 ± 1.76 U/L; P<0.001) and normoglycaemic control (8.35 ± 0.69 U/L) demonstrating recovery of pancreatic function. On the other hand, treatment with standard antioxidant Trolox had no effect on glucose homeostasis of glucose-intolerant rats. The oral treatment with Coreopsis tinctoria fraction caused no hepatotoxicity, as determined by blood alanine and aspartate transaminases, and had also no effect on glucose homeostasis and pancreatic function of normal rats. CONCLUSIONS AcOEt fraction, containing the same amount of marein as the infusion, promoted glucose tolerance regain in the rats more quickly, which means that the bioactivity is probably due to the several flavonoids present in Coreopsis tinctoria extracts and not to marein alone. The results also strongly suggest that these compounds act by promoting pancreatic cell function recovery from STZ-induced injury, possibly through a mechanism of action other than merely antioxidant mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Dias
- i.Med-UL-Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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Kong HS, Lee SW, Shin SM, Kwon JH, Jo TH, Shin EJ, Shim KS, Park YI, Lee CK, Kim KJ. Down-Regulation of Adipogenesis and Hyperglycemia in Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model by Aloe QDM. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2010. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2010.18.3.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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