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Zorgetto-Pinheiro VA, Kuff HM, Machado GT, Guimarães RCA, Pott A, Campos RP, Nascimento VA, Bogo D. Biotechnological and socio-environmental potential of Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae): an interdisciplinary review. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e273473. [PMID: 38126629 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.273473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Guavira (Campomanesia adamantium, Myrtaceae) is a native fruit from the Brazilian Cerrado savanna and is socio-economically important for the indigenous and traditional people living in the Central-West. This is a bibliographic review of the biological properties of guavira and its derivatives, and, after discussing experimental studies, an interdisciplinary approach is conducted highlighting the im-portance of Agroforestry Systems as an ecological restoration tool to leverage the production chain of guavira while providing ecosystem services. Many research groups studied effects of polyphenols and other bioactive compounds and biological properties of this fruit and other plant parts such as antibiotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-diarrheic and antitumoral activities, cardiovascular and hepatic protection and action against neuropathic pain. Besides, guavira by-products benefit poultry intestinal health, similarly to antibiotics added to their feed. Furthermore, several biotechnological products were found, like pulp flour, seasoning from the peel, sunscreen, and seed oil similar to olive oil with pharmaceutical and industrial potential. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of guavira for restoration and preservation of the threatened Brazilian Cerrado, and for the socio-environmental development of family agriculture. The same approach and study are welcome and necessary in other regions and domains worldwide having their native flora as means for a restorative end.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Zorgetto-Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Medicina - FAMED, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste - PPGSD, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - H M Kuff
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Medicina - FAMED, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste - PPGSD, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - G T Machado
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição - FACFAN, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - R C A Guimarães
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Medicina - FAMED, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste - PPGSD, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - A Pott
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Instituto de Biociências - INBIO, Laboratório de Botânica, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - R P Campos
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição - FACFAN, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - V A Nascimento
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Medicina - FAMED, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste - PPGSD, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - D Bogo
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Faculdade de Medicina - FAMED, Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste - PPGSD, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
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de Araújo LCA, Leite NR, da Rocha PDS, Baldivia DDS, Agarrayua DA, Ávila DS, da Silva DB, Carollo CA, Campos JF, Souza KDP, dos Santos EL. Campomanesia adamantium O Berg. fruit, native to Brazil, can protect against oxidative stress and promote longevity. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294316. [PMID: 37972127 PMCID: PMC10653513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Campomanesia adamantium O. Berg. is a fruit tree species native to the Brazilian Cerrado biome whose fruits are consumed raw by the population. The present study determined the chemical composition of the C. adamantium fruit pulp (FPCA) and investigated its in vitro antioxidant potential and its biological effects in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. The chemical profile obtained by LC-DAD-MS identified 27 compounds, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and organic carboxylic acids, in addition to antioxidant lipophilic pigments and ascorbic acid. The in vitro antioxidant activity was analysed by the radical scavenging method. In vivo, FPCA showed no acute reproductive or locomotor toxicity. It promoted protection against thermal and oxidative stress and increased the lifespan of C. elegans. It also upregulated the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase and activated the transcription factor DAF-16. These results provide unprecedented in vitro and in vivo evidence for the potential functional use of FPCA in the prevention of oxidative stress and promotion of longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Costa Alves de Araújo
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Natasha Rios Leite
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paola dos Santos da Rocha
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Debora da Silva Baldivia
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Danielle Araujo Agarrayua
- Research Group in Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Research Group in Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Denise Brentan da Silva
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Carollo
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Ferreira Campos
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Kely de Picoli Souza
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Edson Lucas dos Santos
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Arruda HS, Araújo MVL, Marostica Junior MR. Underexploited Brazilian Cerrado fruits as sources of phenolic compounds for diseases management: A review. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2022; 5:100148. [PMID: 36439937 PMCID: PMC9694390 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The Brazilian Cerrado is home to a large number of native and endemic species of enormous potential, among which we can highlight the cagaita, gabiroba, jatobá-do-cerrado, lobeira, and mangaba. In this review, we report the nutritional and phenolic composition, as well as bioactivities of these five Brazilian Cerrado fruits. The compiled data indicated that these fruits have high nutritional, functional, and economic potential and contribute to the daily intake of macro- and micronutrients, energy, and phenolic compounds by inhabitants of the Cerrado region. Phenolic-rich extracts obtained from these fruits have shown several bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidyslipidemic, antidiabetic, analgesic, anticarcinogenic, hepatoprotective, gastrointestinal protective, and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, these fruits can be explored by the food industry as a raw material to develop food products of high value-added, such as functional foods, and can also be employed as plant sources to obtain bioactive compounds for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical purposes.
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Neves NCV, de Mello MP, Smith SM, Boylan F, Caliari MV, Castilho RO. Chemical Composition and In Vitro Anti- Helicobacter pylori Activity of Campomanesia lineatifolia Ruiz & Pavón (Myrtaceae) Essential Oil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11151945. [PMID: 35893649 PMCID: PMC9332794 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the most common cause of gastritis and peptic ulcers, and the number of resistant strains to multiple conventional antimicrobial agents has been increasing in different parts of the world. Several studies have shown that some essential oils (EO) have bioactive compounds, which can be attributed to antimicrobial activity. Therefore, EOs have been proposed as a natural alternative to antibiotics, or for use in combination with conventional treatment for H. pylori infection. Campomanesia lineatifolia is an edible species found in the Brazilian forests, and their leaves are traditionally used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, and antioxidant properties are attributed to C. lineatifolia leaf extracts; however, studies related to the chemical constituents of the essential oil and anti-H. pylori activity is not described. This work aims to identify the chemical composition of the EO from C. lineatifolia leaves and evaluate the anti-H. pylori activity. The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation from C. lineatifolia leaves and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. To assess the in vitro anti-H. pylori activity of the C. lineatifolia leaf's EO (6 μL/mL-25 μL/mL), we performed broth microdilution assays by using type cultures (ATCC 49503, NCTC 11638, both clarithromycin-sensitive) and clinical isolate strains (SSR359, clarithromycin-sensitive, and SSR366, clarithromycin-resistant). A total of eight new compounds were identified from the EO (3-hexen-1-ol (46.15%), α-cadinol (20.35%), 1,1-diethoxyethane (13.08%), 2,3-dicyano-7,7-dimethyl-5,6-benzonorbornadiene (10.78%), aromadendrene 2 (3.0%), [3-S-(3α, 3aα, 6α, 8aα)]-4,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-3,7,7-trimethyl-8-methylene-3H-3a,6-methanoazulene (2.99%), α-bisabolol (0.94%), and β-curcumene (0.8%)), corresponding to 98.09% of the total oil composition. The EO inhibited the growth of all H. pylori strains tested (MIC 6 μL/mL). To our knowledge, the current study investigates the relation between the chemical composition and the anti-H. pylori activity of the C. lineatifolia EO for the first time. Our findings show the potential use of the C. lineatifolia leaf EO against sensitive and resistant clarithromycin H. pylori strains and suggest that this antimicrobial activity could be related to its ethnopharmacological use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nívea Cristina Vieira Neves
- GnosiaH, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;
- Departamento de Farmácia, Centro Universitário Santa Rita, Conselheiro Lafaiete 36408-899, Brazil
- Correspondence: (N.C.V.N.); (R.O.C.)
| | - Morgana Pinheiro de Mello
- GnosiaH, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Sinéad Marian Smith
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24, Ireland;
| | - Fabio Boylan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | - Marcelo Vidigal Caliari
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Rachel Oliveira Castilho
- GnosiaH, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
- Consórcio Acadêmico Brasileiro de Saúde Integrativa, CABSIN, São Paulo 05449-070, Brazil
- Correspondence: (N.C.V.N.); (R.O.C.)
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Mariott M, Mariano LNB, Boeing T, Cechinel Zanchett CC, Salamanca E, Bella Cruz A, Giménez A, Cechinel Filho V, da Silva LM. Preparations from Campomanesia reitziana reduce the gastrointestinal motility and castor oil-induced diarrhea in a non-opioid and non-dopaminergic pathway in mice and display antimicrobial activity in vitro. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022; 34:e14277. [PMID: 34662472 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the antidiarrheal potential of the aqueous extract (AECR) and hydroalcoholic extract of Campomanesia reitziana leaves (HECR), its ethyl acetate (EAF) and dichloromethane fractions (DCMF), and myricitrin isolated from EAF. METHODS The total phenols and flavonoids were measured, followed by chromatography and myricitrin isolation. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl scavenger activity, the cytotoxicity, and the effects on LPS-induced nitrite production in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) were quantified. The effect of HECR, EAF, DCMF, and AECR on intestinal motility (IT), gastric emptying (GE), and castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice was determined, as well as its antimicrobial activity. KEY RESULTS The administration of AECR 10% (10 ml/kg, p.o), but not HECR (300 mg/kg), reduced the GE and IT by 52 and 51%. The EAF and DCMF at 300 mg/kg also reduced IT but did not change GE. Moreover, AECR and EAF, but not DCMF, inhibited the castor oil-induced diarrhea and naloxone or metoclopramide pretreatment did not change these effects. Myricitrin did not change IT and the evacuation index of mice. Finally, the dry residue of AECR inhibited bacterial growth and EAF showed bacteriostatic activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and S. typhimurium and antifungal for C. albicans. However, none of the preparations alter the viability of Giardia spp. trophozoites. CONCLUSIONS The AECR and EAF can be effective to treat diarrhea acting through opioid- or dopaminergic type 2 receptor-independent mechanisms and by its antimicrobial actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marihá Mariott
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações QuímicoFarmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajai (UNIVALI) - Campus Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Luísa Nathália Bolda Mariano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações QuímicoFarmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajai (UNIVALI) - Campus Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Thaise Boeing
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações QuímicoFarmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajai (UNIVALI) - Campus Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Camile Cecconi Cechinel Zanchett
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações QuímicoFarmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajai (UNIVALI) - Campus Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Efrain Salamanca
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco Bioquímicas (IIFB), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés - UMSA, La Paz, Bolívia
| | - Alexandre Bella Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações QuímicoFarmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajai (UNIVALI) - Campus Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Alberto Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco Bioquímicas (IIFB), Universidad Mayor de San Andrés - UMSA, La Paz, Bolívia
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações QuímicoFarmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajai (UNIVALI) - Campus Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Luisa Mota da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Núcleo de Investigações QuímicoFarmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajai (UNIVALI) - Campus Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil
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High Concentration of Heavy Metal and Metalloid Levels in Edible Campomanesia adamantium Pulp from Anthropic Areas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115503. [PMID: 34063746 PMCID: PMC8196635 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to quantify the extent of heavy metal, non-metal and metalloid levels in the Campomanesia adamantium pulp obtained from an area crossed by road experiencing high large vehicle traffic and intensive agriculture modern farming, to monitor the health risks associated with pulp consumption by humans. For this purpose, in three spots located within this area, ripe fruits were collected on the roadside, bush and farm-margin. Pulp samples were digested by microwave-assisted equipment, and chemical elements were quantified by ICP OES. The concentrations of K, Pb, Se, Fe, Mo, Zn, Co, Ni and Mn in the pulp collected in roadside/bush points showed statistical differences (p < 0.05). The heavy metals and metalloid concentrations that exceeded FAO/WHO standards were ordered Pb > As > Mo > Co > Ni > Mn > Cr. Therefore, among these metalloid and heavy metals, As, Pb and Cr were found to be higher in farm-margin > roadside > bush (1.5 × 10−3, 1.1 × 10−3 and 6.2 × 10−4), respectively. Therefore, As is the most important metalloid with higher levels in farm-margin, roadside and bush (1.5 × 10−3, 1.0 × 10−3 and 6.0 × 10−4 > 10−6–10−4 and 3.33, 2.30 and 1.34 > 1), respectively, to total cancer risk and hazard quotient, if 10 g daily of pulp are consumed.
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Genetic Diversity of Campomanesia adamantium and Its Correlation with Land Use and Land Cover. DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13040160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Campomanesia adamantium is an endemic species of the Cerrado and this biome has been under threat by its constant degradation. The genetic diversity of C. adamantium was characterized using species-specific microsatellites in two different time periods and correlations of these parameters of genetic diversity with the land use and land cover data. (2) Methods: We used 10 microsatellite loci to analyze C. adamantium from five populations, collected in 2011 and 2017. Maps of land use and land cover of the collection sites in both years were generated and subsequently correlated with genetic diversity. (3) Results: No significant loss of genetic diversity was observed in the analyzed period and a positive inbreeding coefficient was observed in all populations. AMOVA and STRUCTURE showed that there is no population structure between years and populations. Significant Pearson correlations were observed in 2017 between parameters of genetic diversity and land use and land cover, with a positive correlation between expected heterozygosity and secondary vegetation, and a negative correlation between inbreeding coefficient and exposed soil. (4) Conclusions: There was no decline in genetic diversity from 2011 to 2017. The high rates of the inbreeding coefficient could lead, for the species, in the long run, to an inbreeding depression as the Cerrado fragmentation might cause a population bottleneck.
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de Oliveira Raphaelli C, Pereira EDS, Camargo TM, Ribeiro JA, Pereira MC, Vinholes J, Dalmazo GO, Vizzotto M, Nora L. Biological activity and chemical composition of fruits, seeds and leaves of guabirobeira (Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg – Myrtaceae): A review. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.100899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Teixeira N, Melo JC, Batista LF, Paula-Souza J, Fronza P, Brandão MG. Edible fruits from Brazilian biodiversity: A review on their sensorial characteristics versus bioactivity as tool to select research. Food Res Int 2019; 119:325-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Relationship between Genetic Variability and Land Use and Land Cover in Populations of Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae). DIVERSITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/d10040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Campomanesia adamantium is an endemic plant of Cerrado biome that has potential for cultivation because its fruits have culinary and medicinal uses. However, genetic diversity studies using molecular markers with Cerrado species are scarce, and the inadequate extractive exploitation of fruits and the expansion of agricultural frontiers may also affect genetic variability. Therefore, studies in this field are of interest as they can provide sources for conservation and breeding programs. In this context, we investigated the genetic diversity of native populations of C. adamantium from different sites and the relationship between genetic variability and the land use and land cover of each site. A total of 207 plants were sampled in seven sites and characterized with seven polymorphic microsatellite markers. The use and coverage of land were mapped based on aerial images, and the land was classified into different categories. The genetic diversity was high in all populations, with low levels of differentiation due to allele sharing, mainly in Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraguay populations. The geographically closest populations were more genetically similar. The use and coverage of land indicated that intense agriculture promotes a significant decrease in genetic variability.
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Therapeutic Potential of Brazilian Cerrado Campomanesia Species on Metabolic Dysfunctions. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092336. [PMID: 30216974 PMCID: PMC6225494 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, in conjunction with other metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, is a feature of metabolic syndrome which is characterized by a pro-inflammatory state and increased oxidative stress. Therefore, antioxidant foods are proposed to prevent and treat these disorders. Medicinal plants are one of the main strategies in this regard. Guavira, a Brazilian Cerrado plant, contains different bioactive compounds with a high antioxidant capacity and without clinical or reproductive toxicity effects. Though there are different varieties of guavira, the principal Brazilian Cerrado guaviras demonstrated hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and hypocholesterolemic actions. There is also a potential antiplatelet agent in C. xanthocarpa, while C. adamantium displayed hypocholesterolemic actions in animal models and human clinical trials. On the other hand, even with a lack of studies related to C. pubescens, it demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects and an antioxidant capacity in in vitro studies. Despite the fact that most of the studies were not performed to evaluate pathological conditions specific to obese animal models or obese subjects, guavira demonstrated effects in metabolic disorders that are commonly related to the obesity context, such as cardiovascular disturbances and hyperglycemia status. This suggests that guavira is a potential therapeutic approach to obesity-induced metabolic syndrome.
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Sá S, Chaul LT, Alves VF, Fiuza TS, Tresvenzol LM, Vaz BG, Ferri PH, Borges LL, Paula JR. Phytochemistry and antimicrobial activity of Campomanesia adamantium. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Liu F, Liu C, Liu W, Ding Z, Ma H, Seeram NP, Xu L, Mu Y, Huang X, Li L. New Sesquiterpenoids from Eugenia jambolana Seeds and Their Anti-microbial Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10214-10222. [PMID: 29140690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Twenty four sesquiterpenoids, 1-24, including 11 new sesquiterpenoids, jambolanins A-K, and two new norsesquiterpenoids, jambolanes A and B, along with six known triterpenoids, were isolated from the seeds of Eugenia jambolana fruit. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR and MS spectrometry data analysis. Among the isolates, compound 13 possessed a rare 6,7-seco-guaiene skeleton, and compounds 14 and 15 were norsesquiterpenoids containing a spiro[4.4]nonane skeleton. Antimicrobial assay evaluation revealed that sesquiterpenoids, 4, 5/6, 17, 19, 21, 23, and 24 inhibited the growth of the Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus. The current study advances scientific knowledge of E. jambolana phytochemicals and suggests that its sesquiterpenoids may contribute, in part, to the anti-infective effects attributed to the edible fruit of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Liu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengbin Liu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanjun Ding
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Ma
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Navindra P Seeram
- Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Li Xu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Mu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueshi Huang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Liya Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
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14
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Campos JF, Espindola PPDT, Torquato HFV, Vital WD, Justo GZ, Silva DB, Carollo CA, de Picoli Souza K, Paredes-Gamero EJ, Dos Santos EL. Leaf and Root Extracts from Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae) Promote Apoptotic Death of Leukemic Cells via Activation of Intracellular Calcium and Caspase-3. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:466. [PMID: 28855870 PMCID: PMC5558464 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical studies are seeking new alternatives to prevent or treat cancer, including different types of leukemias. Campomanesia adamantium, commonly known as guavira or guabiroba, exhibits pharmacological properties including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiproliferative activities. Considering the anticancer potential of this plant species, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antileukemic activity and the chemical composition of aqueous extracts from the leaves (AECL) and roots (AECR) of C. adamantium and their possible mechanisms of action. The extracts were analyzed by LC-DAD-MS, and their constituents were identified based on the UV, MS, and MS/MS data. The AECL and AECR showed different chemical compositions, which were identified as main compounds glycosylated flavonols from AECL and ellagic acid and their derivatives from AECR. The cytotoxicity promoted by these extracts were evaluated using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and Jurkat leukemic cell line. The cell death profile was evaluated using annexin-V-FITC and propidium iodide labeling. Changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential, the activity of caspases, and intracellular calcium levels were assessed. The cell cycle profile was evaluated using propidium iodide. Both extracts caused concentration-dependent cytotoxicity only in Jurkat cells via late apoptosis. This activity was associated with loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspases-9 and -3, changes in intracellular calcium levels, and cell cycle arrest in S-phase. Therefore, the antileukemic activity of the AECL and AECR is mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction and intracellular messengers, which activate the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Hence, aqueous extracts of the leaves and roots of C. adamantium show therapeutic potential for use in the prevention and treatment of diseases associated the proliferation of tumor cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline F Campos
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande DouradosDourados, Brazil
| | - Priscilla P de Toledo Espindola
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande DouradosDourados, Brazil
| | - Heron F V Torquato
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Braz Cubas UniversityMogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - Wagner D Vital
- Interdisciplinary Center of Biochemistry Investigation, University of Mogi das CruzesMogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - Giselle Z Justo
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise B Silva
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do SulMato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Carollo
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do SulMato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Kely de Picoli Souza
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande DouradosDourados, Brazil
| | - Edgar J Paredes-Gamero
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Center of Biochemistry Investigation, University of Mogi das CruzesMogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - Edson L Dos Santos
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande DouradosDourados, Brazil
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15
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da Silva ÉRS, Salmazzo GR, da Silva Arrigo J, Oliveira RJ, Kassuya CAL, Cardoso CAL. Anti-inflammatory Evaluation and Toxicological Analysis of Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg. Inflammation 2017; 39:1462-8. [PMID: 27271512 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0378-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Myrtaceae) is used in Brazilian traditional medicine against fever, diabetes, hypercholesteremic, obesity, and urinary diseases. In the present study, the compounds 2',6'-dihydroxy-3'-methyl-4'-metoxychalcone and 2',4'-dihydroxy-3',5'-dimethyl-6'-methoxychalcone were identified for the first time in leaves of the C. xanthocarpa. These compounds and the hydroethanolic extract (HECX) significantly inhibited paw edema and reduced both leukocyte migration and the leakage of protein into the pleural cavity. No toxicity was detected by HECX in an acute toxicity test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élica Renata Soares da Silva
- Program in Natural Resources, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, MS, Brazil. .,Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, CEP 79804-970, C.P. 351, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Ruivo Salmazzo
- Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, CEP 79804-970, C.P. 351, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- School of Medicine "Dr. Hélio Mandetta" (FAMED), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Andréa Lima Cardoso
- Program in Natural Resources, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, MS, Brazil. .,Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, CEP 79804-970, C.P. 351, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
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16
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Viscardi DZ, Oliveira VSD, Arrigo JDS, Piccinelli AC, Cardoso CA, Maldonade IR, Kassuya CA, Sanjinez-Argandoña EJ. Anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive effects of Campomanesia adamantium microencapsulated pulp. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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17
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Zuntini Viscardi D, Arrigo JDS, Correia CDAC, Kassuya CAL, Cardoso CAL, Maldonade IR, Argandoña EJS. Seed and peel essential oils obtained from Campomanesia adamantium fruit inhibit inflammatory and pain parameters in rodents. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0157107. [PMID: 28222179 PMCID: PMC5319778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae) is popularly known as “gabiroba” and has been used in folk medicine as antirheumatic, antidiarrheal, hypocholesterolemic and anti-inflammatory. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities and toxicology of essential oils from peel (EOP) and seed (EOS) of C. adamantium fruits in animal models. Different groups were treated with doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg and the inflammatory parameters were evaluated in carrageenan induced paw oedema and leukocyte migration in pleurisy model, while antinociceptive activity was evaluated using formalin method in rodents. The major constituent of EOP and EOS was limonene with 13.07% and 20.89%, respectively. No clinical signs of toxicity have been observed in animals. It was observed a significant decreased (P<0.01) in leukocyte migration at the dose of 300 mg/kg of EOP and EOS, with maximal inhibition of 89±3% for EOP and 80±6% for EOS. Paw oedema was inhibited at all times, and maximal inhibition was at the dose of 100 mg/kg at 2 h after carrageenan injection with 72±2% for EOP and 74±2% for EOS. EOS and EOP also reduced the first and second phases of formalin-induced nociception test. In the first formalin-phase, maximal inhibitions were at 48±5% for EOP and 66±4% for EOS (300 mg/kg). At the inflammatory phase induced by formalin, maximal inhibitions were 72±2% for EOP and 80±2% for EOS at the dose of 100 mg/kg. Seed and peel essential oils from C. adamantium fruit inhibited leukocyte migration, inflammatory and neurogenic pain and oedema suggesting their use as nutraceutical or pharmacological agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danieli Zuntini Viscardi
- College of Exact and Technological Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Jucicléia da Silva Arrigo
- College of Exact and Technological Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Lescano CH, de Oliveira IP, Zaminelli T, Baldivia DDS, da Silva LR, Napolitano M, Silvério CBM, Lincopan N, Sanjinez-Argandoña EJ. Campomanesia adamantium Peel Extract in Antidiarrheal Activity: The Ability of Inhibition of Heat-Stable Enterotoxin by Polyphenols. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165208. [PMID: 27764241 PMCID: PMC5072655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae) is a medicinal plant distributed in Brazilian Cerrado. Different parts of this plant are used in popular medicine for treatment of several diseases like fever, diarrhea, hypercholesterolemia and rheumatism. The aim of this work was to evaluate the inhibition of heat-stable enterotoxin type A (STa) by gallic acid present in the peel of C. adamantium fruit and assays to assess the antidiarrheal activity, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties of peel extract using the T84 cell line model. The possible inhibition exerted by the gallic acid of the peel extract on the STa peptide was inferred by molecular dynamics simulations. The antidiarrheal effects were investigated measuring cGMP accumulation in cells after stimulation by STa toxin and antibacterial activity was assessed. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2. MTT and LDH assays were used to evaluate any possible cytotoxic action while the CyQUANT test was used to investigate the effect on cell proliferation. A representation showing how the possible interactions between STa and the gallic acid of the extract might reduce the action of the enterotoxin is presented. C. adamantium peel extract significantly decreased the levels of cGMP in T84 cells. However, no effect on the species of microorganisms was observed. The extract also inhibited COX-1 (IC50 255.70 ± 0.04 ng/mL) and COX-2 (IC50 569.50 ± 0.11 ng/mL) enzymes. Cytotoxicity assay have shown significant changes in cells treated with the extract, which inhibited the cell proliferation until 72 hours of treatment. Direct interactions of phenolic compounds present in the extract with the STa toxin may limit its activity. Curative effect in the diarrhea treatment and its anti-inflammatory action is based on the pharmacological properties, mechanism of action of the C. adamantium peel extract, and no toxic effects of the peel extract presented on this work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tiago Zaminelli
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora da Silva Baldivia
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luan Ramos da Silva
- Faculty of Engineering, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mauro Napolitano
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Nilton Lincopan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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de Oliveira Fernandes T, de Ávila RI, de Moura SS, de Almeida Ribeiro G, Naves MMV, Valadares MC. Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae) fruits protect HEPG2 cells against carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity. Toxicol Rep 2014; 2:184-193. [PMID: 28962350 PMCID: PMC5598383 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae) is an antioxidant compounds-rich Brazilian fruit popularly known as gabiroba. In view of this, it was evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of pulp (GPE) or peel/seed (GPSE) hydroalcoholic extracts of gabiroba on injured liver-derived HepG2 cells by CCl4 (4 mM). The results showed the presence of total phenolic in GPSE was (60%) higher when compared to GPE, associated with interesting antioxidant activity using DPPH• assay. Additionally, HPLC chromatograms and thin layer chromatography of GPE and GPSE showed the presence of flavonoids. Pretreatment of HepG2 cells with GPE or GPSE (both at 800–1000 μg/mL) significantly (p < 0.0001) protected against cytotoxicity induced by CCl4. Additionally, the cells treated with both extracts (both at 1000 μg/mL) showed normal morphology (general and nuclear) contrasting with apoptotic characteristics in the cells only exposed to CCl4. In these experiments, GPSE also was more effective than GPE. In addition, CCl4 induced a marked increase in AST (p < 0.05) and ALT (p < 0.0001) levels, while GPE or GPSE significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced these levels, reaching values found in the control group. In conclusion, the results suggest that gabiroba fruits exert hepatoprotective effects on HepG2 cells against the CCl4-induced toxicity, probably, at least in part, associated with the presence of antioxidant compounds, especially flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís de Oliveira Fernandes
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Goiás, rua 227, quadra 68, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, 74.605-080 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Renato Ivan de Ávila
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular – FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, rua 240 esquina com 5ª Avenida, s/n, Setor Universitário, 74.605-220 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Soraia Santana de Moura
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular – FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, rua 240 esquina com 5ª Avenida, s/n, Setor Universitário, 74.605-220 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Gerlon de Almeida Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais – LPPN, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, rua 240 esquina com 5ª Avenida, s/n, Setor Universitário, 74.605-220 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Maria Margareth Veloso Naves
- Laboratório de Nutrição Experimental, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Goiás, rua 227, quadra 68, s/n, Setor Leste Universitário, 74.605-080 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +55 62 3209 6270.
| | - Marize Campos Valadares
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular – FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, rua 240 esquina com 5ª Avenida, s/n, Setor Universitário, 74.605-220 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +55 62 3209 6044x227; fax: +55 62 3209 6044x227.
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20
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Breda CA, Sanjinez-Argandoña EJ, Correia CDA. Shelf life of powdered Campomanesia adamantium pulp in controlled environments. Food Chem 2012; 135:2960-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Madalosso RC, Oliveira GC, Martins MT, Vieira AED, Barbosa J, Caliari MV, Castilho RO, Tagliati CA. Campomanesia lineatifolia Ruiz & Pav. as a gastroprotective agent. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 139:772-779. [PMID: 22178179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Campomanesia lineatifolia Ruiz and Pav. (Myrtaceae) is a native edible species found in the Amazon Rainforest, commonly known as gabiroba. In Brazil, Campomanesia species are frequently used in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study performed phytochemical analyses and determined both the in vitro antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of Campomanesia lineatifolia leaves (EEC) as well as its ethyl acetate fraction (EAFC). In this analysis, quercetin was used as a positive control. Gastroprotective activity was also investigated at different oral doses in two experimental models in rats - gastric lesion induced by ethanol and gastric lesion induced by indomethacin. In this analysis, cimetidine and sucralfate were used as positive controls. The area of gastric lesion underwent macroscopic and histomorphometric evaluations, while the mucus content was estimated by applying the periodic acid-Schiff stain. Oral acute toxicity was also assessed. RESULTS Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of flavonoids and tannins. Catechin and quercitrin were isolated by bioguided chromatographic fractionation of EAFC. EEC and EAFC presented in vitro antioxidant activity. The oral administration of EEC and EAFC at doses 100-400 mg/kg (ethanol model) and at doses of 400-1200 mg/kg (indomethacin model) proved to be effective in preventing gastric ulcerations in rats. Pretreatment with EAFC (400mg/kg) significantly increased the gastric mucus content in the ethanol model. No animals died during the acute oral toxicology test. CONCLUSIONS Results confirm the Brazilian ethnopharmacological use of Campomanesia lineatifolia as a gastroprotective agent and indicate that the anti-ulcer effect is most likely mediated by scavenging free radicals due to the polyphenol content and, at least in part, by increasing the mucus secretion and the mucosal defense. In addition, EEC and EAFC were found to be safe when applied to a 2000 mg/kg single oral dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Madalosso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil
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