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Marsh SA, Parsafar S, Byrne MK. Should my child be given antibiotics? A systematic review of parental decision making in rural and remote locations. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2024; 13:105. [PMID: 39294826 PMCID: PMC11412025 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-024-01409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence and growth in antibiotic resistant bacteria is a critical public health problem exacerbated by the misuse of antibiotics. Children frequently succumb to illness and are often treated with antibiotic medicines which may be used improperly by the parent. There is limited evidence of the factors influencing parental decision-making about the use of antibiotics in low-resource contexts. The aim of this systematic review was to understand and describe how parents living in rural and remote locations make choices about their children's antibiotic use. METHOD The CINAHL, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus and Academic Search Premier databases were systematically searched from 31 January until 28 June in 2023. No date restrictions were applied and additional search methods were utilised to identify further studies that met inclusion criteria. Eligibility criteria included studies which reported on factors contributing to parental decisions about their children's use of antibiotics in rural and remote settings. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklists were employed to evaluate studies. Characteristics and findings were extracted from studies, and data was synthesised descriptively and presented in summary tables. RESULTS A total of 3827 articles were screened and 25 worldwide studies comprising of quantitative, qualitative and prospective designs were included in the review. Studies that reported the number of rural caregivers consisted of 12 143 participants. Data analysis produced six broad themes representing the mechanisms that influenced parents in their access and use of antibiotics: the child's symptoms; external advice and influences; parent-related determinants; barriers to healthcare; access to antibiotics; and socio-demographic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS A number of factors that influence parents' prudent use of antibiotics in rural contexts were identified. In seeking to enhance appropriate use of antibiotics by parents in rural and remote settings, these determinants can serve to inform interventions. However, the identified studies all relied upon parental self-reports and not all studies reviewed reported survey validation. Further research incorporating validated measures and intervention strategies is required. REGISTRATION DETAILS Should my child be given antibiotics? A systematic review of parental decision making in rural and remote locations; CRD42023382169; 29 January 2023 (date of registration). Available from PROSPERO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Marsh
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Sara Parsafar
- Discipline of Psychology, School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Mitchell K Byrne
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Petrac L, Gvozdanovic K, Perkovic V, Petek Zugaj N, Ljubicic N. Antibiotics Prescribing Pattern and Quality of Prescribing in Croatian Dental Practices-5-Year National Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:345. [PMID: 38667021 PMCID: PMC11047605 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health today. The aim of this study was to analyze antibiotic prescribing patterns and quality of prescribing in Croatian dental practices over a 5-year period. METHODS This is a retrospective observational study based on the analysis of the electronic prescriptions (medicines in ATC groups J01 and P01) from dental practices in Croatia prescribed from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. Prescriptions were retrieved from the Croatian Health Insurance Fund (HZZO). The analyses included the number of prescriptions, type and quantity of prescribed drugs, indication, and the patient's and prescriber's characteristics. RESULTS The consumption increased from 1.98 DID in 2015, to 2.10 DID in 2019. The most prescribed antibiotic was Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid followed by Amoxicillin, Clindamycin, Metronidazole and Cefalexin. The analyses showed that 29.79% of antibiotics were not prescribed in accordance with the contemporary guidelines for the proper use of antibiotics. Additionally, 22% of antibiotics were prescribed in inconclusive indications. CONCLUSION The research showed an increase in antibiotic consumption over five years along with unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics in cases with no indications for its use. The development of national guidelines for antibiotic use is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucija Petrac
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Vjera Perkovic
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Neven Ljubicic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Sisters of Mercy, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Arshad H, Gillani AH, Akbar J, Abbas H, Bashir Ahmed A, Gillani SNH, Anum R, Ji W, Fang Y. Knowledge on Multi-Drug Resistant Pathogens, Antibiotic Use and Self-Reported Adherence to Antibiotic Intake: A Population-Based Cross Sectional Survey From Pakistan. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:903503. [PMID: 35712718 PMCID: PMC9194673 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.903503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Surveying public awareness of antibiotic use and antibiotics can identify factors relevant to the design of effective educational campaigns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to antibiotic use and multidrug-resistant pathogens in the general population in Pakistan. Research Design and Methods: Cross-sectional survey was conducted, using a 60 itemed structured questionnaire and recruited individuals by convenient sampling from the general population in the four provinces of the country. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the responses and the chi squared statistic was used to assess differences between groups. Results: The response rate was 87.6% (6,684 out of 7,631 individuals). Half of the respondents had received at least one prescription of antibiotics in the 6 months preceding the survey. Knowledge about antibiotic use, (39.8%) individuals scored above the mean (≥3) showed good knowledge about antibiotic use. Urban residents and male showed significant higher knowledge (p < 0.001) about antibiotic use. Approximately 50% of the respondents correctly answered the question about antibiotic resistance. Of the 3,611 received antibiotics, 855 (23.7%) were indicated for cough, 497 (13.8%) for a sore throat, 335 (9.3%) for ear ache, 665 (18.4%) for a burning sensation during urination, 667 (18.4%) for wounds or soft tissue inflammation. MDR pathogen was perceived as an important topic by (4,010) 60.1% of respondents. Conclusion: Participants were aware of the problem of multidrug-resistant pathogens and understood the responsibility of each individual to avoid the spread of these infectious agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Arshad
- Department of Pharmacy Management and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Drug Safety and Policy Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Hassan Gillani
- Department of Pharmacy Management and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Drug Safety and Policy Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jamshaid Akbar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Huda Abbas
- Department of Community Medicine Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Wenjing Ji
- Department of Pharmacy Management and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Drug Safety and Policy Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of Pharmacy Management and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Drug Safety and Policy Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Centre for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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McNulty C, Read B, Quigley A, Verlander NQ, Lecky DM. What the public in England know about antibiotic use and resistance in 2020: a face-to-face questionnaire survey. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055464. [PMID: 35387816 PMCID: PMC8987214 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe public attitudes and knowledge around antibiotic activity, resistance and use. DESIGN Face-to-face household 18 question survey using computer-assisted data collection undertaken by Ipsos Market and Opinion Research International. SETTING Randomly selected households across England, January-February 2020. PARTICIPANTS 2022 adults (aged 15+,) including 521 black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) participants, and 406 aged 15-25 years olds. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Responses to questions about antibiotic activity, resistance and expectations for antibiotics and trust in healthcare professionals. Analyses were weighted to obtain estimates representative of the population with multivariable analysis undertaken for questions with five or more significant univariate variables. RESULTS 84% stated they would be pleased if their general practitioner (GP) said they did not need antibiotics. Trust in GPs to make antibiotic decisions remains high (89%) and has increased for nurses (76%) and pharmacists (71%). Only 21% would challenge an antibiotic decision; this was significantly greater in BAME participants (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.89 to 3.35). 70% reported receiving advice when prescribed antibiotics. Belief in benefits of antibiotics for ear infections was very high (68%). Similar to 2017, 81% agreed that antibiotics work for bacterial, 28% cold and influenza viruses. 84% agreed antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) are increasing, only 50% agreed healthy people can carry ARB and 39% agreed there was nothing they personally could do about ARB. Social grade DE and BAME participants, and those with less education had significantly less understanding about antibiotics and resistance. CONCLUSIONS As trust in healthcare practitioners is high, we need to continue antibiotic education and other interventions at GP surgeries and community pharmacies but highlight that most ear infections are not benefitted by antibiotics. Targeted interventions are needed for socioeconomic DE, BAME groups and previous antibiotic users. We need to explore if increasing perceived personal responsibility for preventing ARB reduces antibiotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliodna McNulty
- Primary Care and Interventions Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Gloucester, UK
| | - Brieze Read
- Primary Care and Interventions Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Gloucester, UK
| | - Anna Quigley
- Social Research Institute, Ipsos MORI UK Ltd, London, UK
| | - Neville Q Verlander
- Statistics, Modelling and Economics Department, UK Health Security Agency, London, UK
| | - Donna M Lecky
- Primary Care and Interventions Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Gloucester, UK
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Mijović B, Aćimović J, Đaković-Dević J, Kralj J, Joksimović B, Lučić-Samardžija V, Đermanović M, Vujić-Aleksić V, Zeljković B, Perić-Simić S. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of parents regarding antibiotic use among children: Differences between urban and rural areas in the Republic of Srpska. SCRIPTA MEDICA 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-35502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: Antibiotic use and resistance represent a growing public health issue, with a specific risk of uncontrolled use of antibiotics in children. The aim of the study was to examine differences in parental knowledge, attitudes and practices about antibiotic use in children between urban and rural areas of the Republic of Srpska. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1459 parents of children under 6 years of age, out of which 1201 (82.3 %) lived in urban areas while 258 (17.7 %) lived in rural areas. The research is conducted among parents who brought their children to the selected primary healthcare centres and among parents of children in preschool institutions. Results: The majority of respondents (98.4 %) state that doctors are their main source of information. Only 61.2 % of respondents precisely know which drug is an antibiotic when offered different drugs and respondents from rural areas (54.3 %) more often (p = 0.012) gave more accurate answers when compared to respondents from urban areas (37.3 %). Among parents, 86 % agree with the statement that improper use of antibiotics reduces their effectiveness and leads to bacterial resistance, regardless of groups. More than a half of respondents (52.4 %) do not think that children with flu or common cold symptoms recover faster when they receive antibiotics, significantly more respondents from urban areas (p = 0.001). Respondents from rural areas significantly more often believe that antibiotics can produce harmful effects compared to respondents from urban areas (p = 0.049). Respondents from rural areas significantly more often think that antibiotic use can prevent complications caused by inflammation of the upper respiratory tract (p = 0.006). Parents from rural areas give their children antibiotics without a paediatrician's recommendation significantly more often (4.3 %) compared to respondents from urban areas (0.6 %) (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There are differences in parental knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance among parents in rural and urban areas. There is need for additional education of parents and for greater engagement of paediatricians in providing guidance and explanations regarding the use of antibiotics.
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Albayrak A, Karakaş NM, Karahalil B. Evaluation of parental knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use in acute upper respiratory tract infections in children under 18 years of age: a cross-sectional study in Turkey. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:554. [PMID: 34872522 PMCID: PMC8647354 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-03020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are common in children. Antibiotics still continue to be prescribed although most URTIs are of viral origin. This is inappropriate use and this unnecessary administration contributes or may cause antibiotic resistance. The problem of unnecessary antibiotic use among children is a concern for antibiotic resistance in low- and middle-income developing countries. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of parents of children with upper respiratory tract infections regarding antibiotic use and their antibiotic administration practices in a tertiary care hospital in Turkey. Methods Our study is a cross-sectional survey study. It was carried out between 14 December 2020 and 1 April 2021 for parents over 18 years of age with a child under 18 years’ old who applied to the general pediatrics outpatient clinics of Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Department of Pediatrics. Results Five hundred fifty-four parents responded to the questionnaire (93.2% rate of response). A total of 15.7% of parents stated to use antibiotics in any child with fever. 37% of parents believed that antibiotics could cure infections caused by viruses. 6.3% of parents declared that they put pressure on pediatricians to prescribe antibiotics. While 28% of the parents who thought that the use of inappropriate antibiotics would not change the effect and resistance of the treatment, 41% thought that new antibiotics could be developed continuously. 85.6% of the parents stated that they never gave their children non-prescription antibiotics when they had a high fever. 80.9% of them declared that they never used past antibiotics in the presence of a new infection. Conclusion According to the results of our study of parents’ lack of knowledge about antibiotics in Turkey, though generally it shows proper attitude and practices. It shows that some of the restrictions imposed by the National Action Plan are partially working. However, it is still necessary to continue to inform parents, pediatricians and pharmacists about the use of antibiotics, and to be more sensitive about the prescribing of antibiotics, and if necessary, sanctions should be imposed by the state in order to prevent unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslınur Albayrak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nazmi Mutlu Karakaş
- Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bensu Karahalil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Karasneh RA, Al-Azzam SI, Ababneh M, Al-Azzeh O, Al-Batayneh OB, Muflih SM, Khasawneh M, Khassawneh ARM, Khader YS, Conway BR, Aldeyab MA. Prescribers' Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors on Antibiotics, Antibiotic Use and Antibiotic Resistance in Jordan. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10070858. [PMID: 34356779 PMCID: PMC8300611 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
More research is needed on the drivers of irrational antibiotic prescribing among healthcare professionals and to ensure effective prescribing and an adequate understanding of the issue of antibiotic resistance. This study aimed at evaluating prescribers’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance. A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing an online questionnaire and included physicians and dentists from all sectors in Jordan. A total of 613 prescribers were included (physicians n = 409, dentists n = 204). Respondents’ knowledge on effective use, unnecessary use or associated side effects of antibiotics was high (>90%), compared with their knowledge on the spread of antibiotic resistance (62.2%). For ease of access to the required guidelines on managing infections, and to materials that advise on prudent antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance, prescribers agreed in 62% and 46.1% of cases, respectively. 28.4% of respondents had prescribed antibiotics when they would have preferred not to do so more than once a day or more than once a week. Among respondents who prescribed antibiotics, 63.4% would never or rarely give out resources on prudent use of antibiotics for infections. The findings are of importance to inform antibiotic stewardships about relevant interventions aimed at changing prescribers’ behaviors and improving antibiotic prescribing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema A. Karasneh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan;
| | - Sayer I. Al-Azzam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (S.I.A.-A.); (M.A.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Mera Ababneh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (S.I.A.-A.); (M.A.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Ola Al-Azzeh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ola B. Al-Batayneh
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Suhaib M. Muflih
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (S.I.A.-A.); (M.A.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Mohammad Khasawneh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | | | - Yousef S. Khader
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Barbara R. Conway
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD13DH, UK;
- Institute of Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD13DH, UK
| | - Mamoon A. Aldeyab
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD13DH, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-01484-472825
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Memon I, Alrashid AA, Alshammari HS, Rehman DES, Feroz Z, Nagro A, Alotaibi R, Alsalmi M, Khan MA, Alkushi A, Zaidi SF. Assessing the Effects of Basic Medical Science Courses on the Knowledge and Attitude towards Antibiotic Usage among Pre-Professional Students in Saudi Arabia. PHARMACY 2021; 9:pharmacy9020108. [PMID: 34070925 PMCID: PMC8261635 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy9020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The curriculum of medical schools includes courses on antibiotics. Therefore, it is worth exploring information related to the knowledge and attitudes about antibiotics. In this cross-sectional study the questionnaire was administered to the undergraduates in two phases, before and after attending the basic medical science courses. The data were collected on demographic variables, source of antibiotics, level of knowledge, and changes in attitude statements. Data analysis was implemented using SPSS. The mean age of participants was 19.87 and 20.15 in phases I and II, respectively. Most of the participants’ parents had education at the university level and a monthly income above 15,000 SAR. Generally, students had good knowledge and attitude about antibiotics. A significant improvement in students’ knowledge in phase-II was noticed in “level of knowledge” (p-value = 0.044), “paracetamol is considered an antibiotic” (p-value < 0.001) and “overuse of antibiotics can cause antibiotics resistance” (p-value = 0.003). The overall knowledge and attitude of pre-professional students were good in both phases, but their attitude did not improve at a significant level in phase-II. There is a need to put more focus on antimicrobial therapy in their training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Memon
- Basic Science Department, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (D.S.R.); (Z.F.); (A.A.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (S.F.Z.)
| | - Azzam Abdulaziz Alrashid
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (H.S.A.)
| | - Hamad Saadi Alshammari
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.A.); (H.S.A.)
| | - Dur-e-Shewar Rehman
- Basic Science Department, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (D.S.R.); (Z.F.); (A.A.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeeshan Feroz
- Basic Science Department, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (D.S.R.); (Z.F.); (A.A.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Nagro
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.); (R.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Rakan Alotaibi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.); (R.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Muath Alsalmi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.); (R.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Muhammad Anwar Khan
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (A.N.); (R.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.K.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen Alkushi
- Basic Science Department, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (D.S.R.); (Z.F.); (A.A.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Faisal Zaidi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Batterjee Medical College for Sciences and Technology, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (S.F.Z.)
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Farkaš M, Ivančić Jokić N, Mavrinac M, Tambić Andrašević A. Antibiotic Prescribing Habits and Antimicrobial Resistance Awareness of Dental Practitioners in Primorsko-Goranska County, Croatia. Microb Drug Resist 2021; 27:1482-1488. [PMID: 33913770 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the differences in dentists' knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding antibiotic use and resistance among two areas of Primorsko-Goranska County (P-GC), Croatia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study based on a structured questionnaire that was given to 230 dental practitioners in outpatient settings of P-GC in 2018. Results: The overall response rate was 68.3% (157/230) and 72.2% (83/115) in the city of Rijeka and 64.3% (74/115) in the rest of P-GC. Dentists from two areas of P-GC held similar knowledge about prescribing antibiotics and attitudes regarding antibiotic use (p > 0.05). Most of the dental practitioners chose penicillins (65.0% amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and 33.1% amoxicillin) as the first-choice antibiotic in patients with no medical allergies. The trend of prescribing amoxicillin decreases with the age of the dentists (p = 0.046). Clindamycin (86.6%) was the first choice for patients allergic to penicillin. Postgraduate education changed the attitude toward taking more time to consider whether or not an antibiotic is needed. Croatian dentists had a high awareness of antimicrobial resistance (99.4%). The most common situations for which dentists would prescribe antibiotics were periapical abscess (84.7%), periodontal abscess (72.6%), and implant placement (59.9%). Patient request or expectation (43.4%) and treatment uncertainty (41.5%) were found to be the main factors for prescribing antibiotics with more frequency. Conclusions: Although there is a high level of antimicrobial resistance awareness among dental practitioners, there is still too much overuse of antibiotics and personal responsibility for prudent antibiotic use should be increased. The results of this study indicate that antibiotics are frequently prescribed for indications where surgical treatment should be the first option and the broad spectrum antibiotic is the preferred treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Farkaš
- Department of Microbiology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-Goranska County, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nataša Ivančić Jokić
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, University of Rijeka Faculty of Dental Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia.,Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Clinical Hospital Centre, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Martina Mavrinac
- Department of Medical Informatics, University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Arjana Tambić Andrašević
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, "Dr. Fran Mihaljević," Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Microbiology, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Kuang L, Liu Y, Wei W, Song X, Li X, Liu Q, Hong W, Liu Q, Li J, Chen Z, Fang Y, Xia S. Non-prescription sale of antibiotics and service quality in community pharmacies in Guangzhou, China: A simulated client method. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243555. [PMID: 33301450 PMCID: PMC7728288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure the situation of the non-prescription sale of antibiotics and the service quality of community pharmacies in Guangzhou, China. METHODS A simulated client method was conducted to estimate the non-prescription sale of antibiotics and service quality based on scenarios about adult acute upper respiratory tract infection in 2019. A total of 595 community pharmacies from 11 districts were investigated in Guangzhou, China. We used binary logistic regression to evaluate the factors associated with the non-prescription sale of antibiotics. RESULTS The proportion of non-prescription dispensing of antibiotics was 63.1% in Guangzhou, China, with a higher incidence of antibiotic dispensing without prescription in outer districts (69.3%). Cephalosporin (44.1%) and Amoxicillin (39.0%) were sold more often than other antibiotics. Chain pharmacies had better performance on the prescription sale of antibiotics and service quality. Traditional Chinese medicine was commonly recommended by pharmacy staff. CONCLUSION Since the non-prescription sale of antibiotics is prevalent in Guangzhou, effective solutions should be determined. Strengthened public awareness and regulatory system innovation are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Kuang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yizhuo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xueqing Song
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Qiqi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (SX); (YF)
| | - Sujian Xia
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (SX); (YF)
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Bianco A, Licata F, Zucco R, Papadopoli R, Pavia M. Knowledge and practices regarding antibiotics use: Findings from a cross-sectional survey among Italian adults. EVOLUTION MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 2020:129-138. [PMID: 32983538 PMCID: PMC7502262 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives This study aimed to assess the knowledge on antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the antibiotic use among the general public in Southern Italy and to analyze whether sociodemographic characteristics could be associated with poor knowledge and improper practices. Methodology From March to November 2019, a face-to-face interview was conducted with adult subjects attending the waiting room of 27 randomly selected general practitioners (GPs) in Southern Italy. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge on antibiotics and AMR and practices regarding the consumption of and self-medication with antibiotics. Results The response rate was 89.7%. In the sample, 29.2% thought that antibiotics are effective for viral infections, and 49.5% correctly recognized the definition of AMR. Predictors of good knowledge about antibiotics and AMR were female gender and a higher education level. Almost half of the respondents had used antibiotics in the previous year and 23.6% took antibiotics to treat a common cold and/or fever. Among participants, 25.5% reported to have bought antibiotics without a prescription, and 30.6% were classified as antibiotic self-medication users. Use of antibiotics in the previous 12 months and having taken an antibiotic after a phone consultation with the GP were positively associated with both antibiotic use for a common cold and/or fever and self-medication with antibiotics. Conclusions and implications The findings of this study highlighted a considerable antibiotic consumption in the adult population of Southern Italy together with misconceptions regarding the correct indication for antibiotic use that could foster indiscriminate antibiotic use. Lay Summary The findings of this study highlighted a considerable antibiotic consumption in the adult Italian population together with misconceptions regarding the correct indication for antibiotic use that could foster indiscriminate antibiotic use. Almost a quarter of the respondents took antibiotics to treat a common cold and/or fever and reported to have bought antibiotics without a prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Bianco
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Francesca Licata
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Rossella Zucco
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Rosa Papadopoli
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Maria Pavia
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Græcia, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples 80138, Italy
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