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Azhuvalappil S, Prasad R, Sahadevan P, Chatterjee P, Pradhan H, Rai P, Gupta A, Kommaddi RP, Issac TG, Sundarakumar JS. Association between APOE genotypes and metabolic syndrome in a middle aged and elderly Urban South Indian population. Metabol Open 2024; 23:100301. [PMID: 39148663 PMCID: PMC11325077 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study examines the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in an older urban population in South India, as part of the Tata Longitudinal Study on Aging. Methods A total of 618 participants aged 45 and above were analyzed cross-sectionally for the association between APOE carrier status and MetS (based on both NCEP ATP III and Consensus criteria). Results Despite the high prevalence of MetS observed in this cohort (51.62 % by NCEP-ATP III and 61.33 % by Consensus criteria), multivariable logistic regression revealed no significant association between APOE genotypes and MetS under both criteria. However, specific associations were noted in age and sex-stratified analyses; notably, E2 carriers under 60 showed 0.42-fold decreased odds (95%CI:0.20,0.89, p-value-0.023) for an increased waist circumference, and E4 carriers above 60 were at 1.85 times increased odds (95 % CI:1.04,3.28, p-value<0.05) for decreased HDL. Conclusion These findings suggest that while APOE genotypes influence certain metabolic parameters, their impact on MetS may be limited in this urban setting, possibly overshadowed by environmental factors and lifestyle influences, which was highlighted by the differences seen in its sister rural cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilna Azhuvalappil
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, India
| | - Raghav Prasad
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Pravin Sahadevan
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
- Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Priya Chatterjee
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Hitesh Pradhan
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Pooja Rai
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Anant Gupta
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Reddy Peera Kommaddi
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Thomas G Issac
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Jonas S Sundarakumar
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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Azhuvalappil S, Prasad R, Sahadevan P, Pradhan H, Rai P, Sundarakumar JS. Sex-specific differences in the association between APOE genotype and metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older rural Indians. Metabol Open 2024; 22:100281. [PMID: 38659620 PMCID: PMC11035107 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by elevated blood pressure, high blood glucose, excess abdominal fat, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels, significantly increases the risk of various non-communicable diseases. This study focuses on understanding the sex-specific association between Apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism and MetS among middle-aged and older adults in rural southern India. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Centre for Brain Research-Srinivaspura Aging, Neuro Senescence, and COGnition (CBR-SANSCOG) study. Participants (n = 3741) underwent comprehensive clinical assessments and blood investigations, including APOE genotyping. MetS was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the Consensus criteria. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests, ANCOVA, and logistic regression, were conducted to explore the association of APOE genotype with MetS and its components, stratified by sex. Results Females carrying the APOE E4 allele had 1.31-fold increased odds of MetS (95 % CI: 1.02,1.69, p = 0.035) according to the NCEP ATP III criteria but not when the Consensus criteria were applied. The study also noted sex-specific differences in the association of APOE with various MetS components, including lipid levels and waist circumference. Discussion Our findings reveal a sex-specific association between the APOE E4 allele and MetS, with only females having an increased risk. This study contributes to the understanding of the genetic underpinnings of MetS and highlights the importance of considering sex-specific differences in MetS research and its prevention strategies. This study underscores the complexity of MetS etiology and emphasizes the need for further research to elucidate the role of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors in its progression, particularly in sex-specific contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilna Azhuvalappil
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, India
| | - Raghav Prasad
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Pravin Sahadevan
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Hitesh Pradhan
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Pooja Rai
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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Wu Y, Cheng S, Gu H, Yang K, Xu Z, Meng X, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Li H, Zhou Y, Wang Y. Variants within the LPL gene confer susceptility to diabetic kidney disease and rapid decline in kidney function in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2023; 25:3012-3019. [PMID: 37427758 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To examine the association between lipoprotein lipase (LPL) polymorphisms and susceptibility to diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and early renal function decline in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS The association of eight LPL single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with DKD was analysed in 2793 patients with T2D from the third China National Stroke Registry. DKD was defined as either an urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) of 30 mg/g or higher at baseline and 3 months, or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 at baseline and 3 months. Rapid decline in kidney function (RDKF) was defined as a reduction in the eGFR of 3 mL/min/1.73 m2 or greater per year. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of LPL SNP and DKD with an additive model. RESULTS The SNPs rs285 C>T (OR = 1.40, P = .0154), rs328 C>G (OR = 2.24, P = .0104) and rs3208305 A>T (OR = 1.85, P = .0015) were identified to be significantly associated with DKD defined by eGFR. Among 1241 participants with follow-up data, 441 (35.5%) showed RDKF over a mean follow-up period of 1 year, and the rs285 C allele was associated with higher odds of RDKF (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.04-1.66; P = .025) after adjustment for multiple variables. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that LPL-related SNPs are new candidate factors for conferring susceptibility to DKD and may promote rapid loss of renal function in Chinese patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Si Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqiu Gu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Kaixuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yilong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yilun Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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Pan-Lizcano R, Mariñas-Pardo L, Núñez L, Rebollal-Leal F, López-Vázquez D, Pereira A, Molina-Nieto A, Calviño R, Vázquez-Rodríguez JM, Hermida-Prieto M. Rare Variants in Genes of the Cholesterol Pathway Are Present in 60% of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416127. [PMID: 36555767 PMCID: PMC9786046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a pandemic in which conventional risk factors are inadequate to detect who is at risk early in the asymptomatic stage. Although gene variants in genes related to cholesterol, which may increase the risk of AMI, have been identified, no studies have systematically screened the genes involved in this pathway. In this study, we included 105 patients diagnosed with AMI with an elevation of the ST segment (STEMI) and treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Using next-generation sequencing, we examined the presence of rare variants in 40 genes proposed to be involved in lipid metabolism and we found that 60% of AMI patients had a rare variant in the genes involved in the cholesterol pathway. Our data show the importance of considering the wide scope of the cholesterol pathway in order to assess the genetic risk related to AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Pan-Lizcano
- Grupo de Investigación en Cardiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), GRINCAR-Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Luis Mariñas-Pardo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucía Núñez
- Grupo de Investigación en Cardiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), GRINCAR-Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, GRINCAR Research Group, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 A Coruña, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-981-178-150
| | - Fernando Rebollal-Leal
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Domingo López-Vázquez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana Pereira
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Molina-Nieto
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ramón Calviño
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Vázquez-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- CIBERCV (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Hermida-Prieto
- Grupo de Investigación en Cardiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña (CHUAC-SERGAS), GRINCAR-Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
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Hsu CS, Chang ST, Nfor ON, Lee KJ, Ho CC, Liu CC, Lee SS, Liaw YP. Association of Metabolic Syndrome with Aerobic Exercise and LPL rs3779788 Polymorphism in Taiwan Biobank Individuals. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:3997-4004. [PMID: 34548800 PMCID: PMC8449547 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s328308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene is a significant contributor to dyslipidemia. It has shown associations with several conditions including atherosclerosis, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We assessed the interactive association between MetS and rs3779788 of the LPL gene based on aerobic exercise. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were available for 7532 Taiwan Biobank (TWB) participants recruited between 2008 and 2016. We used multiple logistic regression to determine the odds ratios (OR) for MetS and their 95% confident intervals (C.I.). Potential variables included LPL rs3779788, aerobic exercise, sex, age, education, marital status, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, midnight snacking, vegetarian diet, coffee, dietary fat, and tea drinking. RESULTS Aerobic exercise was protective against MetS (OR, 0.858; 95% C.I., 0.743-0.991). Compared to CC/CT genotype, the OR for developing MetS was 0.875, (95% C.I., 0.571-1.341) in TT individuals. The test for interaction was significant for the rs3779788 variant and aerobic exercise (p = 0.0484). In our group analyses, the OR for MetS was 0.841 (95% C.I., 0.727-0.974) in CC/CT and 4.076 (95% C.I., 1.158-14.346) in TT individuals who did aerobic exercise compared to those who did not. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that aerobic exercise improved metabolic syndrome in Taiwanese adults with rs3779788 CC/CT genotype relative to those with TT genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Sheng Hsu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Tsu Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, 813414, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Jung Lee
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 24205, Taiwan
- Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 24205, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Ching Liu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Shiuan-Shinn Lee
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Yung-Po Liaw; Shiuan-Shinn Lee Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110 Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City, 40201, TaiwanTel +886 424730022 ext. 11838; +886 424730022 ext.12185Fax +886 423248179 Email ;
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Prakash J, Mittal B, Srivastava A, Awasthi S, Srivastava N. The Association of a Rare Variant of -93, -53 Promoter Gene Polymorphisms of Lipoprotein Lipase gene with Obesity and Insulin Resistance. Oman Med J 2018; 33:401-408. [PMID: 30210719 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2018.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Obesity increases the risk of numerous chronic diseases. Obesity is classified clinically using body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage. The lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene has been linked to lipoprotein metabolism and obesity. We performed a case-control study to determine the association between LPL gene polymorphisms and obesity-associated phenotypes such as insulin resistance (IR). Methods We examined the different LPL gene variants for association in 642 individuals segregated by BMI and IR. Genotyping of the LPL gene -93 and -53 promoter gene polymorphisms were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results A substantial association was observed for -93 gene polymorphism of the LPL gene with obesity, while -53 promoter gene polymorphism showed association with IR. Conclusions We found a significant association between -93 and -53 promoter gene polymorphisms of the LPL gene with obesity and associated phenotypes in the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Prakash
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Balraj Mittal
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Apurva Srivastava
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shally Awasthi
- Department of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neena Srivastava
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Lai LYH, Petrone AB, Pankow JS, Arnett DK, North KE, Ellison RC, Hunt SC, Rosenzweig JL, Djoussé L. Lack of association of apolipoprotein E (Apo E) polymorphism with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome: the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Family Heart Study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2015; 31:582-7. [PMID: 25656378 PMCID: PMC4720970 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, elevated blood pressure and insulin resistance, is a major public health concern in the United States. The effects of apolipoprotein E (Apo E) polymorphism on MetS are not well established. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study consisting of 1551 participants from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Family Heart Study to assess the relation of Apo E polymorphism with the prevalence of MetS. MetS was defined according to the American Heart Association-National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute-International Diabetes Federation-World Health Organization harmonized criteria. We used generalized estimating equations to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for prevalent MetS and the Bonferroni correction to account for multiple testing in the secondary analysis. RESULTS Our study population had a mean age (standard deviation) of 56.5 (11.0) years, and 49.7% had MetS. There was no association between the Apo E genotypes and the MetS. The multivariable adjusted ORs (95% confidence interval) were 1.00 (reference), 1.26 (0.31-5.21), 0.89 (0.62-1.29), 1.13 (0.61-2.10), 1.13 (0.88-1.47) and 1.87 (0.91-3.85) for the Ɛ3/Ɛ3, Ɛ2/Ɛ2, Ɛ2/Ɛ3, Ɛ2/Ɛ4, Ɛ3/Ɛ4 and Ɛ4/Ɛ4 genotypes, respectively. In a secondary analysis, Ɛ2/Ɛ3 genotype was associated with 41% lower prevalence odds of low high-density lipoprotein [multivariable adjusted ORs (95% confidence interval) = 0.59 (0.36-0.95)] compared with Ɛ3/Ɛ3 genotype. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not support an association between Apo E polymorphism and MetS in a multicentre population-based study of predominantly White US men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Y H Lai
- School of Medicine, Boston University, 72, East Concord St, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical Research Center, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Malaysia
| | - Andrew B Petrone
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - R Curtis Ellison
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven C Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - James L Rosenzweig
- School of Medicine, Boston University, 72, East Concord St, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luc Djoussé
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Fernando E, Razak F, Lear SA, Anand SS. Cardiovascular Disease in South Asian Migrants. Can J Cardiol 2015; 31:1139-50. [PMID: 26321436 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a significant cause of global mortality and morbidity. South Asians (SAs) have a particularly high burden of coronary artery disease (CAD). This review describes current literature regarding the prevalence, incidence, etiology, and prognosis of CVD in SA migrants to high-income nations. We conducted a narrative review of CVD in the SA diaspora through a search of MEDLINE and PubMed. We included observational studies, randomized clinical trials, nonsystematic reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses written in English. Of 15,231 articles identified, 827 articles were screened and 124 formed the basis for review. SA migrants have a 1.5-2 times greater prevalence of CAD than age- and sex-adjusted Europids. Increased abdominal obesity and body fat and increased burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia appear to be primary drivers of the excess CAD burden in SAs. Sedentary lifestyle and changes in diet after immigration are important contributors to weight gain and adiposity. Early life factors, physical activity patterns and, in some cases, reduced adherence to medical therapy may contribute to increased CVD risks in SAs. Novel biomarkers like leptin and adipokines may show distinct patterns in SAs and provide insights into cardiometabolic risk determinants. In conclusion, SAs have distinct CVD risk predispositions, with a complex relationship to cultural, innate, and acquired factors. Although CVD risk factor management and treatment among SAs is improving, opportunities exist for further advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshan Fernando
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fahad Razak
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Scott A Lear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; Division of Cardiology, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sonia S Anand
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Chanchlani Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Jeenduang N, Porntadavity S, Nuinoon M, Horpet D, Thepkwan N, Thaworn P, Theanmontri S. Studies of the CETP TaqIB and ApoE Polymorphisms in Southern Thai Subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome. Biochem Genet 2015; 53:184-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-015-9680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Daneshpour MS. Strategy planning for shortening the list of the metabolic syndrome candidate genes. ACTA MEDICA INTERNATIONAL 2015. [DOI: 10.5530/ami.2015.4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Jeong SW, Chung M, Park SJ, Cho SB, Hong KW. Genome-wide association study of metabolic syndrome in koreans. Genomics Inform 2014; 12:187-94. [PMID: 25705157 PMCID: PMC4330253 DOI: 10.5808/gi.2014.12.4.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (METS) is a disorder of energy utilization and storage and increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes. To identify the genetic risk factors of METS, we carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for 2,657 cases and 5,917 controls in Korean populations. As a result, we could identify 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with genome-wide significance level p-values (<5 × 10-8), 8 SNPs with genome-wide suggestive p-values (5 × 10-8 ≤ p < 1 × 10-5), and 2 SNPs of more functional variants with borderline p-values (5 × 10-5 ≤ p < 1 × 10-4). On the other hand, the multiple correction criteria of conventional GWASs exclude false-positive loci, but simultaneously, they discard many true-positive loci. To reconsider the discarded true-positive loci, we attempted to include the functional variants (nonsynonymous SNPs [nsSNPs] and expression quantitative trait loci [eQTL]) among the top 5,000 SNPs based on the proportion of phenotypic variance explained by genotypic variance. In total, 159 eQTLs and 18 nsSNPs were presented in the top 5,000 SNPs. Although they should be replicated in other independent populations, 6 eQTLs and 2 nsSNP loci were located in the molecular pathways of LPL, APOA5, and CHRM2, which were the significant or suggestive loci in the METS GWAS. Conclusively, our approach using the conventional GWAS, reconsidering functional variants and pathway-based interpretation, suggests a useful method to understand the GWAS results of complex traits and can be expanded in other genomewide association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Won Jeong
- Division of Bio-Medical Informatics, Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, KCDC, Cheongju 363-951, Korea
| | - Myungguen Chung
- Division of Bio-Medical Informatics, Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, KCDC, Cheongju 363-951, Korea
| | - Soo-Jung Park
- Division of Bio-Medical Informatics, Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, KCDC, Cheongju 363-951, Korea
| | - Seong Beom Cho
- Division of Bio-Medical Informatics, Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, KCDC, Cheongju 363-951, Korea
| | - Kyung-Won Hong
- Division of Bio-Medical Informatics, Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, KCDC, Cheongju 363-951, Korea
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12
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Abstract
The rising prevalence of diabetes in South Asians has significant health and economic implications. South Asians are predisposed to the development of diabetes due to biologic causes which are exacerbated by lifestyle and environmental factors. Furthermore, they experience significant morbidity and mortality from complications of diabetes, most notably coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Therefore, understanding the pathophysiology and genetics of diabetes risk factors and its associated complications in South Asians is paramount to curbing the diabetes epidemic. With this understanding, the appropriate screening, preventative and therapeutic strategies can be implemented and further developed. In this review, we discuss in detail the biologic and lifestyle factors that predispose South Asians to diabetes and review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes in South Asians. We also review the ongoing and completed diabetes prevention and management studies in South Asians.
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13
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Panduranga P, Sulaiman KJ, Al-Zakwani I, Alhabib KF, Hersi A, Suwaidi JA, Alsheikh-Ali AA, Almahmeed W, Saif SA, Al-Faleh H, Al-Lawati J, Asaad N, Al-Motarreb A, Amin H. Acute Coronary Syndrome in Indian Subcontinent Patients Residing in the Middle East: Results From Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events II. Angiology 2014; 66:818-25. [PMID: 25381144 DOI: 10.1177/0003319714556812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We compared baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, and in-hospital outcomes between Middle Eastern Arabs and Indian subcontinent patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Of the 7930 patients enrolled in Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events II (RACE II), 23% (n = 1669) were from the Indian subcontinent. The Indian subcontinent patients, in comparison with the Middle Eastern Arabs, were younger (49 vs 60 years; P < .001), more were males (96% vs 80%; P < .001), had lower proportion of higher Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events risk score (8% vs 27%; P < .001), and less likely to be associated with diabetes (34% vs 42%; P < .001), hypertension (36% vs 51%; P < .001), and hyperlipidemia (29% vs 39%; P < .001) but more likely to be smokers (55% vs 29%; P < .001). After multivariable adjustment, the Middle Eastern Arabs were less likely to be associated with in-hospital congestive heart failure (odds ratio [OR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50-0.86; P = .003) but more likely to be associated with recurrent ischemia (OR 1.33; 95% CI: 1.03-1.71; P = .026) when compared to the Indian subcontinent patients. Despite the baseline differences, there were largely no significant differences in in-hospital outcomes between the Indians and the Middle Eastern Arabs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ibrahim Al-Zakwani
- Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman Gulf Health Research, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khalid F Alhabib
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Hersi
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jassim Al Suwaidi
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital & Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Alawi A Alsheikh-Ali
- Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wael Almahmeed
- Heart & Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Hussam Al-Faleh
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawad Al-Lawati
- Non-Communicable Diseases Surveillance and Control, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
| | - Nidal Asaad
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital & Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Haitham Amin
- Department of Cardiology, Mohammed Bin Khalifa Cardiac Centre, Bahrain
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14
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Abstract
South Asia is home to one of the largest population of people with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The prevalence of MetS in South Asians varies according to region, extent of urbanization, lifestyle patterns, and socioeconomic/cultural factors. Recent data show that about one-third of the urban population in large cities in India has the MetS. All classical risk factors comprising the MetS are prevalent in Asian Indians residing in India. The higher risk in this ethnic population necessitated a lowering of the cut-off values of the risk factors to identify and intervene for the MetS to prevent diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Some pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions are underway in MetS to assess the efficacy in preventing the diabetes and cardiovascular disease in this ethnic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Pandit
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumik Goswami
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Pradip Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
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15
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Abstract
Several candidate gene studies on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been conducted. However, for most single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) no systematic review on their association with MetS exists. A systematic electronic literature search was conducted until the 2nd of June 2010, using HuGE Navigator. English language articles were selected. Only genes of which at least one SNP-MetS association was studied in an accumulative total population ≥ 4000 subjects were included. Meta-analyses were conducted on SNPs with three or more studies available in a generally healthy population. In total 88 studies on 25 genes were reviewed. Additionally, for nine SNPs in seven genes (GNB3, PPARG, TCF7L2, APOA5, APOC3, APOE, CETP) a meta-analysis was conducted. The minor allele of rs9939609 (FTO), rs7903146 (TCF7L2), C56G (APOA5), T1131C (APOA5), C482T (APOC3), C455T (APOC3) and 174G>C (IL6) were more prevalent in subjects with MetS, whereas the minor allele of Taq-1B (CETP) was less prevalent in subjects with the MetS. After having systematically reviewed the most studied SNP-MetS associations, we found evidence for an association with the MetS for eight SNPs, mostly located in genes involved in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Povel
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
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Tao MH, Liu JW, LaMonte MJ, Liu J, Wang L, He Y, Li XY, Wang LN, Ye L. Different associations of apolipoprotein E polymorphism with metabolic syndrome by sex in an elderly Chinese population. Metabolism 2011; 60:1488-96. [PMID: 21550086 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of metabolic disorders including abnormal lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is involved in the regulation of the metabolism of cholesterol, lipoproteins, and triglycerides. The common ApoE polymorphism has been found to be associated with cardiovascular disease and diabetes. This study evaluated the ApoE genetic polymorphism and its relation to MetS defined by the modified National Cholesterol Education Program and International Diabetes Federation criteria in a population-based cross-sectional survey of an elderly Chinese population in Beijing, China. Genotypes of 937 men and 1385 women were included in the study. All participants were measured for blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, and fasting concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. We applied a logistic regression model to derive adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals. In this Chinese population, the ɛ2, ɛ3, and ɛ4 allele frequencies were 8.3%, 83.4%, and 8.3% for men and 8.7%, 82.9%, and 8.4% for women, respectively. In men, concentrations of fasting triglycerides were higher among the APOE2 and E4 subjects; and a lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in the APOE4 group. There were approximately linear associations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with APOE genotype groups in both men and women. We observed that the ɛ4 allele was associated with a significantly increased OR of MetS defined by the modified National Cholesterol Education Program criteria in men (OR, 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-2.63). In summary, our data show that common polymorphism of ApoE gene is associated with the presence of MetS in an elderly Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Hua Tao
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Health Professions, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
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