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Ortega FL, Camberos AM, Arredondo MI, Magallanes NG, Meraz EA. LEP (G2548A-G19A) and ADIPOQ (T45G-G276T) gene polymorphisms are associated with markers for metabolic syndrome. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:237. [PMID: 37978555 PMCID: PMC10656912 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is a link between genetics with metabolic balance and adiposity homeostasis on metabolic syndrome (MetS). Polymorphism in adipokine genes such as leptin and adiponectin may play an important role in its development. This study aimed to determine the association of the individual and general components of MetS with genetic alterations in LEP (rs7799039 and rs2167270) and ADIPOQ (rs1501299 and rs2241766) genes in the Mexican population. METHODS AND RESULTS The polymorphisms of the LEP gene rs7799039 and rs2167270, together with rs1501299 and rs2241766 polymorphisms of the ADIPOQ gene were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) on 328 individuals (n = 131 MetS). The rs7799039 under the recessive inheritance model was found to be associated with increased risk of MetS (OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.06-4.37), dyslipidemia (OR = 7.97, 95% CI = 2.17-29.36), low HDL (OR = 7.01, 95% CI = 1.65-29.71) and hypertension (OR = 13.02, 95% CI = 1.76-96.44); the heterozygote demonstrate a protective effect on MetS (OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.28-0.88) and diabetes (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.02-0.53) under the over the dominant model. Haplotype analysis showed linkage disequilibrium between the SNPs of ADIPOQ rs1501299/rs2241766, and their association as risk factors for low HDL and hypertension. CONCLUSION The association of rs7799039 with the presence of MetS, suggests a risk factor for the development of dyslipidemia, as well as its heterozygous as a protective factor for DM. There is a linkage disequilibrium between the SNPs of ADIPOQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred Luque Ortega
- Laboratorio de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, México
| | | | - Martín Irigoyen Arredondo
- Licenciatura en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, 82100, México
| | - Noemí García Magallanes
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina y Biología Molecular, Unidad Académica de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, 82199, México
| | - Eliakym Arámbula Meraz
- Laboratorio de Genética y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Av de las américas, Mexico City, México.
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Meloni A, Cadeddu C, Cugusi L, Donataccio MP, Deidda M, Sciomer S, Gallina S, Vassalle C, Moscucci F, Mercuro G, Maffei S. Gender Differences and Cardiometabolic Risk: The Importance of the Risk Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021588. [PMID: 36675097 PMCID: PMC9864423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is a clinical condition characterized by a cluster of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes: proatherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, dysglycemia, and abdominal obesity. Each risk factor has an independent effect, but, when aggregated, they become synergistic, doubling the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and causing a 1.5-fold increase in all-cause mortality. We will highlight gender differences in the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical expression of the aforementioned Mets components. Moreover, we will discuss gender differences in new biochemical markers of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Meloni
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Christian Cadeddu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lucia Cugusi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Martino Deidda
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Susanna Sciomer
- Department of Clinical and Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Policlinico Umberto I, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Sabina Gallina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Medicina di Laboratorio, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Moscucci
- Department of Clinical and Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Policlinico Umberto I, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mercuro
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Maffei
- Endocrinologia Cardiovascolare Ginecologica ed Osteoporosi, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-315-2216
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3
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Soares MJ, Zhao Y, Calton EK, Pathak K. Triglycerides and systolic blood pressure negatively mediate the direct relationship of vitamin D status to resting energy expenditure: A cross sectional analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102664. [PMID: 36402072 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We determined whether individual components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) mediated the direct association of vitamin D status (25OHD) on resting energy expenditure (REE). METHODS Multiple linear regression determined predictors of REE from data on 180 men and women from two ethnic groups. We then modelled a mediation pathway through components of MetS on the direct association between 25OHD and REE. The mediation modelling used the PROCESS SPSS Macro (version 4.0) based on 5000 bootstrapped samples, with the adjustment for different sets of covariates. RESULTS REE was significantly predicted by age, fat mass (FM), fat free mass (FFM), ethnicity, inverse ln insulin, 25OHD, triglycerides (TG), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and, to some extent, by time of REE measurements (p < 0.094). Adjustment for all these covariates, resulted in a negative indirect mediation effect of TG [β coefficient (bootstrapped SE): 0.95 (0.519); bootstrapped 95% CI: 2.172, -0.165; p < 0.05] and a concurrent negative mediation of SBP [β coefficient (bootstrapped SE): 0.72(0.484); bootstrapped 95% CI: 1.851, -0.011; p < 0.05]. There remained a positive direct pathway from 25OHD to REE [β coefficient (S.E): 4.715 (2.129); p = 0.028], however the total effect of 25OHD was dampened [β coefficient (S.E): 3.04 (2.126); p = 0.154]. CONCLUSIONS Independent of insulin sensitivity, a negative mediation by TG and SBP dampened the overall effect of 25OHD on REE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario J Soares
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley Campus, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia.
| | - Yun Zhao
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley Campus, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
| | - Emily K Calton
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley Campus, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
| | - Kaveri Pathak
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley Campus, Perth, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
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Yamada Y, Murakami H, Kawakami R, Gando Y, Nanri H, Nakagata T, Watanabe D, Yoshida T, Hatamoto Y, Yoshimura E, Sanada K, Miyatake N, Miyachi M. Association between skeletal muscle mass or percent body fat and metabolic syndrome development in Japanese women: A 7-year prospective study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263213. [PMID: 36201472 PMCID: PMC9536572 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous cross-sectional studies have indicated that low relative appendicular lean mass (ALM) against body weight (divided by body weight, ALM/Wt, or divided by body mass index, ALM/BMI) was negatively associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Conversely, previous cross-sectional studies have indicated that the absolute ALM or ALM divided by squared height (ALM/Ht2) were positively associated with MetS. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the association between low absolute or relative skeletal muscle mass, leg muscle power, or percent body fat and the development of MetS in Japanese women in a 7-y prospective study. The study participants included 346 Japanese women aged 26 to 85 years. The participants were divided into low and high groups based on the median values of ALM/Wt, ALM/BMI, ALM/Ht2, absolute ALM, or leg power. The longitudinal relationship between ALM indices or leg power and MetS development was examined using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models (average follow-up duration 7 years, range 1 to 10 years). During follow-up, 24 participants developed MetS. MetS incidence was higher in the low ALM/Wt group than the high ALM/Wt group even after controlling for age, obesity, waist circumference, family history of diabetes, smoking, and physical activity [adjusted hazard ratio = 5.60 (95% CI; 1.04-30.0)]. In contrast, MetS incidence was lower in the low ALM/Ht2 group than the high ALM/Ht2 group [adjusted hazard ratio = 10.6 (95%CI; 1.27-89.1)]. MetS incidence was not significantly different between the low and high ALM/BMI, absolute ALM, and leg power groups. Both ALM/Ht2 and ALM/Wt were not significant predictive variables for MetS development when fat mass or percent body fat was taken into account in the Cox model. At the very least, the results of this study underscore the importance of body composition measurements in that percent body fat, but not ALM, is associated with MetS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Yamada
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Haruka Murakami
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kawakami
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuko Gando
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Sport Science, Surugadai University, Hanno, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hinako Nanri
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagata
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Watanabe
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yoshida
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hatamoto
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichi Yoshimura
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Miyatake
- Department of Hygine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa Unviersity, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
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Lagacé JC, Marcotte-Chenard A, Paquin J, Tremblay D, Brochu M, Dionne IJ. Increased odds of having the metabolic syndrome with greater fat-free mass: counterintuitive results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:377-385. [PMID: 34825787 PMCID: PMC8818661 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well established that body composition influences metabolic health, but emerging data are conflicting with the largely purported idea that a large fat-free mass (FFM) has a protective effect on health. A potential explanation for these discrepancies is the way FFM is represented. The first objective is to determine the association between the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and FFM when the latter was represented in three different ways: 1-absolute FFM; 2-relative to squared height (FFMi); and 3-relative to body weight (FFM%). The second objective is to assess the impact of FFM on the relative risk of having the MetS after taking fat mass, physical activity, and sociodemographic variables into account. METHODS A total of 5274 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database were studied. Age-specific and sex-specific quartiles of the three representations of FFM were defined, and the prevalence of MetS was determined in each of them. Quartiles of FFMi (kg/m2 ) were used to calculate the odds ratios of having the MetS independently of FM, physical activity levels, and sociodemographic variables. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS decreased with increasing quartiles of whole-body FFM% (Q1: 40%; Q4: 10%) but grew with increasing quartiles of absolute FFM (Q1: 13%; Q4: 40%) and FFMi (Q1: 10%; Q4: 44%). Similar results were observed for appendicular and truncal FFM. The odds ratios of having the MetS, independently of fat mass, physical activity, and sociodemographic variables, were significantly greater in the fourth quartile of FFMi when compared with the first quartiles of each specific subgroup [Q4 vs. Q1: younger men: 4.16 (1.99-8.68); younger women: 5.74 (2.46-13.39); older men: 1.98 (1.22-3.22); older women: 2.88 (1.69-4.90); all P ≤ 0.01]. CONCLUSIONS These results support the notion that the representation of FFM significantly influences its association with MetS and that a larger FFM, whether absolute or relative to height, is associated with alterations in cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Lagacé
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Alexis Marcotte-Chenard
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jasmine Paquin
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Dominic Tremblay
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Brochu
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle J Dionne
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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7
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Li W, Lin S, Yue L, Fang Y, Xiao S. Sex Differences in Obesity and Cognitive Function in Chinese Elderly Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:742474. [PMID: 35432207 PMCID: PMC9011101 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.742474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that schizophrenia is associated with sex differences. However, no study has explored the sex differences in obesity and cognitive function in elderly Chinese patients with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare sex differences in obesity and cognitive function in elderly Chinese individuals with schizophrenia. METHODS A total of 304 elderly patients with schizophrenia and 130 sex- and age-matched healthy controls from the community were recruited. Demographic, clinical, and lipid parameters were collected for all subjects. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to assess the global cognitive functions of the participants, while the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess psychopathological symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. RESULTS Of the patients with schizophrenia, the prevalence of obesity in men and women was 11.7% (19/163) and 21.3% (30/141), respectively. The score (14.51 ± 6.504) of MOCA in elderly male patients with schizophrenia was significantly higher than that (11.40 ± 6.822) in female patients. There was a positive correlation between the MOCA scores and body mass index (BMI) (r=0.206, p=0.018) in male elderly patients with schizophrenia. Conversely, the MOCA scores of female elderly patients with schizophrenia did not correlate with BMI (p>0.05). However, we found no sex differences in obesity and cognition among control older adults. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that there are significant sex differences in obesity and cognitive function in elderly Chinese patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun Lin
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yue
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shifu Xiao, ; Yuan Fang,
| | - Shifu Xiao
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shifu Xiao, ; Yuan Fang,
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Abstract
PURPOSE Zumba fitness (ZF) is a well-known exercise program involving dance and fitness. Despite its increasing popularity, no analysis has been conducted on studies focusing on the cardiovascular (CV) profile of women who performed this activity. The aim of this systematic review is to provide insights into the impact of ZF on women's CV health. METHODS Five clinical databases were searched. To be included, the articles had to include (1) women with or without CV risk factors (CVRF) and (2) CV-related outcomes resulting from a ZF program. RESULTS Ten studies (322 women; 181 healthy, 141 with CVRF) were included. In healthy women, low absolute effect sizes for maximal oxygen uptake ((Equation is included in full-text article.)O2max), anthropometric and body composition profile after 8 and 12 wk of ZF were found compared with nonparticipants. Moderate to large absolute effect sizes were recorded for (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2max and body composition following 40 wk of ZF. Findings proved promising but less consistent for ZF studies involving women with CVRF due to the absence of control groups. CONCLUSIONS Data describe ZF as feasible for healthy women and a promising fitness option for those with CVRF. Because of the low quality of the studies on women with CVRF and the overall small sample size along with discrepancies such as the average length of the studies on healthy women, cautious interpretation of the findings is recommended. Further investigations with a standardized design are needed to verify whether ZF may be considered as an alternative fitness option in primary prevention of CV disease in women.
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Amaro-Gahete FJ, Jurado-Fasoli L, Ruiz JR, Castillo MJ. Association of Basal Metabolic Rate and Nutrients Oxidation with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Insulin Sensitivity in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041186. [PMID: 32340248 PMCID: PMC7230721 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association of basal metabolic rate (BMR) and basal fat and carbohydrate oxidation (BFox and BCHox, respectively) with cardiometabolic risk factors and insulin sensitivity in sedentary middle-aged adults. A total of 71 healthy sedentary adults (37 women) aged 40–65 years participated in the current study. Data were collected during the baseline assessments of the FIT-AGEING randomized controlled trial. BMR was measured via indirect calorimetry, and BFox and BCHox estimated by stoichiometric equations. Blood pressure, glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides plasma levels were selected as cardiometabolic risk factors and assessed following standard procedures. We observed positive associations of BMR with plasma insulin and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA; all p < 0.05) which were attenuated or disappeared after controlling by sex, age, and/or lean mass. There were positive associations between BFox and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI; p < 0.015), while negative associations were noted between BFox and plasma insulin and HOMA (p < 0.015). There was a significant negative association between BCHox with QUICKI (p < 0.01), whereas significant positive relationships were obtained when BCHox was associated with plasma insulin and HOMA (p < 0.01). These associations persisted in almost all cases when controlling by sex, age and/or lean mass. No further relationships were found when BMR, BFox, and BCHox were associated with other cardiometabolic risk factors. In conclusion, our study findings support that greater BFox and lower BCHox are related to improved insulin sensitivity, whereas BMR seems to be not associated with neither cardiometabolic risk nor insulin sensitivity in sedentary middle-aged adults. Further intervention studies are necessary to well-understand the physiological mechanism implied in this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.J.-F.); (M.J.C.)
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-243-540
| | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.J.-F.); (M.J.C.)
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity Research Group (PROFITH), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | - Manuel J. Castillo
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.J.-F.); (M.J.C.)
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Dusanov S, Ruzzin J, Kiviranta H, Klemsdal TO, Retterstøl L, Rantakokko P, Airaksinen R, Djurovic S, Tonstad S. Associations between persistent organic pollutants and metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese individuals. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:735-742. [PMID: 29699815 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Persons with "metabolically healthy" obesity may develop cardiometabolic complications at a lower rate than equally obese persons with evident metabolic syndrome. Even morbidly obese individuals vary in risk profile. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are widespread environmental chemicals that impair metabolic homeostasis. We explored whether prevalence of metabolic syndrome in morbidly obese individuals is associated with serum concentrations of POPs. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional study among 161 men and 270 women with BMI >35 kg/m2 and comorbidity, or >40 kg/m2. Circulating concentrations of 15 POPs were stratified by number of metabolic syndrome components. In multiple logistic regression analysis odds ratios between top quartile POPs and metabolic risk factors versus POPs below the top quartile were calculated adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption and cholesterol concentrations. Age-adjusted concentrations of trans-nonachlor and dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) increased with number of metabolic syndrome components in both genders (p < 0.001), while the organochlorine pesticides HCB, β-HCH and p,p'DDE increased only in women (p < 0.008). Organochlorine pesticides in the top quartile were associated with metabolic syndrome as were dioxin-like and non-dioxin-like PCBs (OR 2.3 [95% CI 1.3-4.0]; OR 2.5 [95% CI 1.3-4.8] and 2.0 [95% CI 1.1-3.8], respectively). Organochlorine pesticides were associated with HDL cholesterol and glucose (OR = 2.0 [95% CI = 1.1-3.4]; 2.4 [95% CI = 1.4-4.0], respectively). Dioxin-like PCBs were associated with diastolic blood pressure, glucose and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance index (OR = 2.0 [95% CI = 1.1-3.6], 2.1 [95% CI = 1.2-3.6] and 2.1 [95% CI = 1.0-4.3], respectively). CONCLUSION In subjects with morbid obesity, metabolic syndrome was related to circulating levels of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs suggesting that these compounds aggravate clinically relevant complications of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dusanov
- Section for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.b. 4956 Nydalen, N-0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - J Ruzzin
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - H Kiviranta
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, Department of Health Security, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - T O Klemsdal
- Section for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.b. 4956 Nydalen, N-0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - L Retterstøl
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - P Rantakokko
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, Department of Health Security, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - R Airaksinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, Department of Health Security, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - S Tonstad
- Section for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.b. 4956 Nydalen, N-0424, Oslo, Norway
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