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Katchur NJ, Notterman DA. Recent insights from non-mammalian models of brain injuries: an emerging literature. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1378620. [PMID: 38566857 PMCID: PMC10985199 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1378620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global health concern and is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Repetitive TBIs (rTBIs), commonly observed in contact sports, military service, and intimate partner violence (IPV), pose a significant risk for long-term sequelae. To study the long-term consequences of TBI and rTBI, researchers have typically used mammalian models to recapitulate brain injury and neurodegenerative phenotypes. However, there are several limitations to these models, including: (1) lengthy observation periods, (2) high cost, (3) difficult genetic manipulations, and (4) ethical concerns regarding prolonged and repeated injury of a large number of mammals. Aquatic vertebrate model organisms, including Petromyzon marinus (sea lampreys), zebrafish (Danio rerio), and invertebrates, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), and Drosophila melanogaster (Drosophila), are emerging as valuable tools for investigating the mechanisms of rTBI and tauopathy. These non-mammalian models offer unique advantages, including genetic tractability, simpler nervous systems, cost-effectiveness, and quick discovery-based approaches and high-throughput screens for therapeutics, which facilitate the study of rTBI-induced neurodegeneration and tau-related pathology. Here, we explore the use of non-vertebrate and aquatic vertebrate models to study TBI and neurodegeneration. Drosophila, in particular, provides an opportunity to explore the longitudinal effects of mild rTBI and its impact on endogenous tau, thereby offering valuable insights into the complex interplay between rTBI, tauopathy, and neurodegeneration. These models provide a platform for mechanistic studies and therapeutic interventions, ultimately advancing our understanding of the long-term consequences associated with rTBI and potential avenues for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J. Katchur
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
- Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Daniel A. Notterman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
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2
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Gill T, Locskai LF, Burton AH, Alyenbaawi H, Wheeler T, Burton EA, Allison WT. Delivering Traumatic Brain Injury to Larval Zebrafish. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2707:3-22. [PMID: 37668902 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3401-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
We describe a straightforward, scalable method for administering traumatic brain injury (TBI) to zebrafish larvae. The pathological outcomes appear generalizable for all TBI types, but perhaps most closely model closed-skull, diffuse lesion (blast injury) neurotrauma. The injury is delivered by dropping a weight onto the plunger of a fluid-filled syringe containing zebrafish larvae. This model is easy to implement, cost-effective, and provides a high-throughput system that induces brain injury in many larvae at once. Unique to vertebrate TBI models, this method can be used to deliver TBI without anesthetic or other metabolic agents. The methods simulate the main aspects of traumatic brain injury in humans, providing a preclinical model to study the consequences of this prevalent injury type and a way to explore early interventions that may ameliorate subsequent neurodegeneration. We also describe a convenient method for executing pressure measurements to calibrate and validate this method. When used in concert with the genetic tools readily available in zebrafish, this model of traumatic brain injury offers opportunities to examine many mechanisms and outcomes induced by traumatic brain injury. For example, genetically encoded fluorescent reporters have been implemented with this system to measure protein misfolding and neural activity via optogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Gill
- Centre for Prions & Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Laszlo F Locskai
- Centre for Prions & Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Alexander H Burton
- Departments of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hadeel Alyenbaawi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Travis Wheeler
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Edward A Burton
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - W Ted Allison
- Centre for Prions & Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Freeman-Jones E, Miller WH, Work LM, Fullerton JL. Polypathologies and Animal Models of Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1709. [PMID: 38137157 PMCID: PMC10741988 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important health issue for the worldwide population, as it causes long-term pathological consequences for a diverse group of individuals. We are yet to fully elucidate the significance of TBI polypathologies, such as neuroinflammation and tau hyperphosphorylation, and their contribution to the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and other neurological conditions. To advance our understanding of TBI, it is necessary to replicate TBI in preclinical models. Commonly used animal models include the weight drop model; these methods model human TBI in various ways and in different animal species. However, animal models have not demonstrated their clinical utility for identifying therapeutic interventions. Many interventions that were successful in improving outcomes for animal models did not translate into clinical benefit for patients. It is important to review current animal models and discuss their strengths and limitations within a TBI context. Modelling human TBI in animals encounters numerous challenges, yet despite these barriers, the TBI research community is working to overcome these difficulties. Developments include advances in biomarkers, standardising, and refining existing models. This progress will improve our ability to model TBI in animals and, therefore, enhance our understanding of TBI and, potentially, how to treat it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Freeman-Jones
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; (E.F.-J.); (W.H.M.)
| | - William H. Miller
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK; (E.F.-J.); (W.H.M.)
| | - Lorraine M. Work
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK;
| | - Josie L. Fullerton
- School of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK;
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Protection against Paraquat-Induced Oxidative Stress by Curcuma longa Extract-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles in Zebrafish Embryos. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183773. [PMID: 36145919 PMCID: PMC9503139 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between oxidative stress and environmental factors plays an important role in chronic degenerative diseases; therefore, exogenous antioxidants could be an effective alternative to combat disease progression and/or most significant symptoms. Curcuma longa L. (CL), commonly known as turmeric, is mostly composed of curcumin, a multivalent molecule described as having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Poor chemical stability and low oral bioavailability and, consequently, poor absorption, rapid metabolism, and limited tissue distribution are major restrictions to its applicability. The advent of nanotechnology, by combining nanosacale with multi-functionality and bioavailability improvement, offers an opportunity to overcome these limitations. Therefore, in this work, poly-Ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles were developed to incorporate the methanolic extract of CL, and their bioactivity was assessed in comparison to free or encapsulated curcumin. Their toxicity was evaluated using zebrafish embryos by applying the Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity test, following recommended OECD guidelines. The protective effect against paraquat-induced oxidative damage of CL extract, free or encapsulated in PCL nanoparticles, was evaluated. This herbicide is known to cause oxidative damage and greatly affect neuromotor functions. The overall results indicate that CL-loaded PCL nanoparticles have an interesting protective capacity against paraquat-induced damage, particularly in neuromuscular development that goes well beyond that of CL extract itself and other known antioxidants.
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A Novel Laser-Based Zebrafish Model for Studying Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Molecular Targets. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081751. [PMID: 36015377 PMCID: PMC9416346 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem. Here, we developed a novel model of non-invasive TBI induced by laser irradiation in the telencephalon of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) and assessed their behavior and neuromorphology to validate the model and evaluate potential targets for neuroreparative treatment. Overall, TBI induced hypolocomotion and anxiety-like behavior in the novel tank test, strikingly recapitulating responses in mammalian TBI models, hence supporting the face validity of our model. NeuN-positive cell staining was markedly reduced one day, but not seven days, after TBI, suggesting increased neuronal damage immediately after the injury, and its fast recovery. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) level in the brain dropped immediately after the trauma, but fully recovered seven days later. A marker of microglial activation, Iba1, was elevated in the TBI brain, albeit decreasing from Day 3. The levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (Hif1a) increased 30 min after the injury, and recovered by Day 7, further supporting the construct validity of the model. Collectively, these findings suggest that our model of laser-induced brain injury in zebrafish reproduces mild TBI and can be a useful tool for TBI research and preclinical neuroprotective drug screening.
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Bashirzade AA, Zabegalov KN, Volgin AD, Belova AS, Demin KA, de Abreu MS, Babchenko VY, Bashirzade KA, Yenkoyan KB, Tikhonova MA, Amstislavskaya TG, Kalueff AV. Modeling neurodegenerative disorders in zebrafish. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 138:104679. [PMID: 35490912 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a major cause of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, multiple and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, pontocerebellar hypoplasia, dementia and other related brain disorders. Their complex pathogenesis commonly includes genetic and neurochemical deficits, misfolded protein toxicity, demyelination, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Albeit differing in specific underlying mechanisms, neurodegenerative disorders typically display evolutionarily conserved mechanisms across taxa. Here, we review the role of zebrafish models in recapitulating major human and rodent neurodegenerative conditions, demonstrating this species as a highly relevant experimental model for research on neurodegenerative diseases, and discussing how these fish models can further clarify the underlying genetic, neurochemical, neuroanatomical and behavioral pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alim A Bashirzade
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Andrey D Volgin
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alisa S Belova
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Granov Scientific Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, St. Petersburg, Russia; Almazov Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Vladislav Ya Babchenko
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kseniya A Bashirzade
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Konstantin B Yenkoyan
- Neuroscience Laboratory, COBRAIN Center, M Heratsi Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia; COBRAIN Center - Scientific Educational Center for Fundamental Brain Research, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Maria A Tikhonova
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tamara G Amstislavskaya
- Novosibirsk State University, Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk, Russia; Scientific Research Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- The Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia; COBRAIN Center - Scientific Educational Center for Fundamental Brain Research, Yerevan, Armenia.
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Ren Q, Jiang X, Paudel YN, Gao X, Gao D, Zhang P, Sheng W, Shang X, Liu K, Zhang X, Jin M. Co-treatment with natural HMGB1 inhibitor Glycyrrhizin exerts neuroprotection and reverses Parkinson's disease like pathology in Zebrafish. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115234. [PMID: 35358621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most devastating age-related neurodegenerative diseases after Alzheimer diseases (AD) and is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn). The precise etiology of PD is not yet fully understood and lacks the disease-modifying therapeutic strategies that could reverse the ongoing neurodegeneration. In the quest of exploring novel disease modifying therapeutic strategies, natural compounds from plant sources have gained much attention in recent days. Glycyrrhizin (GL) is the main active ingredient of the roots and rhizomes of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L), which are generally used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases or as a tonifying herbal medicine. In Persia, GL is a conventional neuroprotective agent that are used to treat neurological disorders. The traditional use of GL in Japan is to treat chronic hepatitis B. In addition, GL is a natural inhibitor of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) which has exerted neuroprotective effect against several HMGB1 mediated pathological conditions. AIM OF THE STUDY The study is aimed to evaluate therapeutic effect of GL against PD in zebrafish. MATERIAL AND METHODS PD in zebrafish larvae is induced by administration of neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Apoptosis was assessed with TUNEL assay. Gene expression was performed to assess the modulation in genes related to neuroinflammatory and autophagy. RESULTS We observed that GL co-treatment increased the length of DA neurons, decreased the number of apoptotic cells in zebrafish brain, and inhibited the loss of vasculature and disorganized vasculature induced by MPTP. GL co-treatment relieved the MPTP-induced locomotor impairment in zebrafish. GL co-treatment suppressed MPTP-induced upregulated mRNA expression of inflammatory markers such as hmgb1a, tlr4b, nfκb, il1β, and il6. GL co-treatment suppressed the autophagy related genes α-syn and atg5 whereas increased the mRNA expression level of parkin and pink1. In addition, molecular docking study reveals that GL has binding interaction with HMGB1, TLR4, and RAGE. CONCLUSION Hence, the effect of GL co-treatment on MPTP-induced PD-like condition in zebrafish is to alleviate apoptosis and autophagy, as well as suppress inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Ren
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; School of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tang'shan, 063210, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 3501 Daxue Road, Ji'nan, 250353, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Xin Gao
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Daili Gao
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Pengyu Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; School of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tang'shan, 063210, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Wenlong Sheng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xueliang Shang
- School of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tang'shan, 063210, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- School of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tang'shan, 063210, Hebei Province, PR China.
| | - Meng Jin
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan, 250103, Shandong Province, PR China.
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Beppi C, Penner M, Straumann D, Bögli SY. A non-invasive biomechanical model of mild TBI in larval zebrafish. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268901. [PMID: 35622781 PMCID: PMC9140253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A mild traumatic brain injury is a neurological dysfunction caused by biomechanical forces transmitted to the brain in physical impacts. The current understanding of the neuropathological cascade resulting in the manifested clinical signs and symptoms is limited due to the absence of sensitive brain imaging methods. Zebrafish are established models for the reproduction and study of neurobiological pathologies. However, all available models mostly recreate moderate-to-severe focal injuries in adult zebrafish. The present work has induced a mild brain trauma in larval zebrafish through a non-invasive biomechanical approach. A custom-made apparatus with a commercially available motor was employed to expose larvae to rapidly decelerating linear movements. The neurophysiological changes following concussion were assessed through behavioural quantifications of startle reflex locomotor distance and habituation metrics. Here we show that the injury was followed, within five minutes, by a transient anxiety state and CNS dysfunction manifested by increased startle responsivity with impaired startle habituation, putatively mirroring the human clinical sign of hypersensitivity to noise. Within a day after the injury, chronic effects arose, as evidenced by an overall reduced responsivity to sensory stimulation (lower amplitude and distance travelled along successive stimuli), reflecting the human post-concussive symptomatology. This study represents a step forward towards the establishment of a parsimonious (simple, less ethically concerning, yet sensitive) animal model of mild TBI. Our behavioural findings mimic aspects of acute and chronic effects of human concussion, which warrant further study at molecular, cellular and circuit levels. While our model opens wide avenues for studying the underlying cellular and molecular pathomechanisms, it also enables high-throughput testing of therapeutic interventions to accelerate post-concussive recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Beppi
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Concussion Center, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Marco Penner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Straumann
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Concussion Center, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Yu Bögli
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss Concussion Center, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
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Ren Q, Jiang X, Zhang S, Gao X, Paudel YN, Zhang P, Wang R, Liu K, Jin M. Neuroprotective effect of YIAEDAER peptide against Parkinson's disease like pathology in zebrafish. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 147:112629. [PMID: 35030435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn). Current PD therapies merely provide symptomatic relief, lacking the disease-modifying therapeutic strategies against that could reverse the ongoing neurodegeneration. In the quest of exploring novel disease modifying therapeutic strategies, compounds from natural sources have gained much attention in recent days. YIAEDAER (Tyr-Ile-Ala-Glu-Asp-Ala-Glu-Arg) peptide is a multi-functional peptide isolated and purified from the visceral mass extract of Neptunea arthritica cumingii (NAC) with plethora of pharmacological activities, however its neuroprotective effect against MPTP induced PD model is not yet reported. We found YIAEDAER peptide co-treatment could suppressed the MPTP-induced locomotor impairment in zebrafish, ameliorates the MPTP induced degeneration of DA neurons, inhibited the loss of vasculature and loss of cerebral vessels, suppressed α-syn levels. Moreover, YIAEDAER peptide modulates several genes related to autophagy (α-syn, pink1, parkin, atg5, atg7, beclin1, ulk1b, ulk2, and ambra1a), and oxidative stress (sod1, sod2, gss, gpx4a, gsto2, and cat). Hence, our finding suggests that YIAEDAER peptide might be a potential therapeutic candidate against MPTP-induced PD like condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Ren
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; School of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tang'shan 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Gao
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Biological Engineering College, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Ji'nan 250056, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pengyu Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; School of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tang'shan 063210, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongchun Wang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Jin
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China; Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Prophylactic Activation of Shh Signaling Attenuates TBI-Induced Seizures in Zebrafish by Modulating Glutamate Excitotoxicity through Eaat2a. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010032. [PMID: 35052712 PMCID: PMC8773121 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 2 million individuals experience a traumatic brain injury (TBI) every year in the United States. Secondary injury begins within minutes after TBI, with alterations in cellular function and chemical signaling that contribute to excitotoxicity. Post-traumatic seizures (PTS) are experienced in an increasing number of TBI individuals that also display resistance to traditional anti-seizure medications (ASMs). Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a signaling pathway that is upregulated following central nervous system damage in zebrafish and aids injury-induced regeneration. Using a modified Marmarou weight drop on adult zebrafish, we examined PTS following TBI and Shh modulation. We found that inhibiting Shh signaling by cyclopamine significantly increased PTS in TBI fish, prolonged the timeframe PTS was observed, and decreased survival across all TBI severities. Shh-inhibited TBI fish failed to respond to traditional ASMs, but were attenuated when treated with CNQX, which blocks ionotropic glutamate receptors. We found that the Smoothened agonist, purmorphamine, increased Eaat2a expression in undamaged brains compared to untreated controls, and purmorphamine treatment reduced glutamate excitotoxicity following TBI. Similarly, purmorphamine reduced PTS, edema, and cognitive deficits in TBI fish, while these pathologies were increased and/or prolonged in cyclopamine-treated TBI fish. However, the increased severity of TBI phenotypes with cyclopamine was reduced by cotreating fish with ceftriaxone, which induces Eaat2a expression. Collectively, these data suggest that Shh signaling induces Eaat2a expression and plays a role in regulating TBI-induced glutamate excitotoxicity and TBI sequelae.
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11
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Kenney JW, Steadman PE, Young O, Shi MT, Polanco M, Dubaishi S, Covert K, Mueller T, Frankland PW. A 3D adult zebrafish brain atlas (AZBA) for the digital age. eLife 2021; 10:69988. [PMID: 34806976 PMCID: PMC8639146 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish have made significant contributions to our understanding of the vertebrate brain and the neural basis of behavior, earning a place as one of the most widely used model organisms in neuroscience. Their appeal arises from the marriage of low cost, early life transparency, and ease of genetic manipulation with a behavioral repertoire that becomes more sophisticated as animals transition from larvae to adults. To further enhance the use of adult zebrafish, we created the first fully segmented three-dimensional digital adult zebrafish brain atlas (AZBA). AZBA was built by combining tissue clearing, light-sheet fluorescence microscopy, and three-dimensional image registration of nuclear and antibody stains. These images were used to guide segmentation of the atlas into over 200 neuroanatomical regions comprising the entirety of the adult zebrafish brain. As an open source, online (azba.wayne.edu), updatable digital resource, AZBA will significantly enhance the use of adult zebrafish in furthering our understanding of vertebrate brain function in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin W Kenney
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States.,Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Patrick E Steadman
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Olivia Young
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States
| | - Meng Ting Shi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States
| | - Maris Polanco
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States
| | - Saba Dubaishi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States
| | - Kristopher Covert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, United States
| | - Paul W Frankland
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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12
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Cho SJ, Park E, Baker A, Reid AY. Post-Traumatic Epilepsy in Zebrafish Is Drug-Resistant and Impairs Cognitive Function. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:3174-3183. [PMID: 34409844 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2021.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is acquired epilepsy after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite the availability of more than 20 antiseizure medications (ASMs), there is no way at present to prevent epileptogenesis in TBI survivors, and many cases of PTE become drug-resistant. Importantly, the adverse effects of ASMs can significantly affect patients' quality of life. Mammalian models are commonly used for studying refractory PTE, but are expensive and laborious. Zebrafish models have become popular for studying epilepsy, but most focus on larvae, and there have been no reports to date of pharmacological screening in an adult zebrafish model of acquired epilepsy. Valid animal models are critical for understanding PTE and for developing novel therapeutics. The aim of the present study was to characterize the cognitive impairments of a zebrafish model of TBI that leads to the development of PTE. Using combined behavioral and electrophysiological approaches, we also characterized the pharmacological effects of the most commonly used ASMs to manage PTE (valproate, carbamazepine, and phenytoin). Zebrafish with PTE exhibited impairments in learning and memory, difficulty in decision making, and reduced social preference. Valproate and carbamazepine had a limited protective effect against behavioral seizures, and all three drugs failed to significantly reduce electrographical seizures. The negative impacts of TBI and ASMs in zebrafish parallel those observed in other animals, making the zebrafish model of PTE a promising high-throughput model of refractory and drug-resistant epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Joon Cho
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Collaborative Program in Neuroscience, Departments of University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Keenan Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eugene Park
- Keenan Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Baker
- Keenan Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Anesthesia and Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aylin Y Reid
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Semple BD, Raghupathi R. A Pro-social Pill? The Potential of Pharmacological Treatments to Improve Social Outcomes After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Neurol 2021; 12:714253. [PMID: 34489853 PMCID: PMC8417315 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.714253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of injury-induced disability in young children worldwide, and social behavior impairments in this population are a significant challenge for affected patients and their families. The protracted trajectory of secondary injury processes triggered by a TBI during early life-alongside ongoing developmental maturation-offers an extended time window when therapeutic interventions may yield functional benefits. This mini-review explores the scarce but promising pre-clinical literature to date demonstrating that social behavior impairments after early life brain injuries can be modified by drug therapies. Compounds that provide broad neuroprotection, such as those targeting neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, axonal injury and/or myelination, may prevent social behavior impairments by reducing secondary neuropathology. Alternatively, targeted treatments that promote affiliative behaviors, exemplified by the neuropeptide oxytocin, may reduce the impact of social dysfunction after pediatric TBI. Complementary literature from other early life neurodevelopmental conditions such as hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy also provides avenues for future research in neurotrauma. Knowledge gaps in this emerging field are highlighted throughout, toward the goal of accelerating translational research to support optimal social functioning after a TBI during early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgette D Semple
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Prahran, VIC, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Prahran, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ramesh Raghupathi
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Professional Studies, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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14
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Zebrafish Blunt-Force TBI Induces Heterogenous Injury Pathologies That Mimic Human TBI and Responds with Sonic Hedgehog-Dependent Cell Proliferation across the Neuroaxis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080861. [PMID: 34440066 PMCID: PMC8389629 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Blunt-force traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects an increasing number of people worldwide as the range of injury severity and heterogeneity of injury pathologies have been recognized. Most current damage models utilize non-regenerative organisms, less common TBI mechanisms (penetrating, chemical, blast), and are limited in scalability of injury severity. We describe a scalable blunt-force TBI model that exhibits a wide range of human clinical pathologies and allows for the study of both injury pathology/progression and mechanisms of regenerative recovery. We modified the Marmarou weight drop model for adult zebrafish, which delivers a scalable injury spanning mild, moderate, and severe phenotypes. Following injury, zebrafish display a wide range of severity-dependent, injury-induced pathologies, including seizures, blood–brain barrier disruption, neuroinflammation, edema, vascular injury, decreased recovery rate, neuronal cell death, sensorimotor difficulties, and cognitive deficits. Injury-induced pathologies rapidly dissipate 4–7 days post-injury as robust cell proliferation is observed across the neuroaxis. In the cerebellum, proliferating nestin:GFP-positive cells originated from the cerebellar crest by 60 h post-injury, which then infiltrated into the granule cell layer and differentiated into neurons. Shh pathway genes increased in expression shortly following injury. Injection of the Shh agonist purmorphamine in undamaged fish induced a significant proliferative response, while the proliferative response was inhibited in injured fish treated with cyclopamine, a Shh antagonist. Collectively, these data demonstrate that a scalable blunt-force TBI to adult zebrafish results in many pathologies similar to human TBI, followed by recovery, and neuronal regeneration in a Shh-dependent manner.
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15
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Dang J, Paudel YN, Yang X, Ren Q, Zhang S, Ji X, Liu K, Jin M. Schaftoside Suppresses Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizures in Zebrafish via Suppressing Apoptosis, Modulating Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2542-2552. [PMID: 34128378 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of disease-modifying therapeutic strategies against epileptic seizures has caused a surge in preclinical research focused on exploring and developing novel therapeutic candidates for epilepsy. Compounds from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have gained much attention for a plethora of neurological diseases, including epilepsy. Herein, for the first time, we evaluated the anticonvulsive effects of schaftoside (SS), a TCM, on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epileptic seizures in zebrafish and examined the underlying mechanisms. We observed that SS pretreatments significantly suppressed seizure-like behavior and prolonged the onset of seizures. Zebrafish larvae pretreated with SS demonstrated downregulation of c-fos expression during seizures. PTZ-induced upregulation of apoptotic cells was decreased upon pretreatment with SS. Inflammatory phenomena during seizure progression including the upregulation of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) were downregulated upon pretreatment with SS. The PTZ-induced recruitment of immunocytes was in turn reduced upon SS pretreatment. Moreover, SS pretreatment modulated oxidative stress, as demonstrated by decreased levels of catalase (CAT) and increased levels of glutathione peroxidase-1a (GPx1a) and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD). However, pretreatment with SS modulated the PTZ-induced downregulation of the relative enzyme activity of CAT, GPx, and SOD. Hence, our findings suggest that SS pretreatment ameliorates PTZ-induced seizures, suppresses apoptosis, and downregulates the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, which potentially protect against further seizures in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Dang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Xueliang Yang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyu Ren
- School of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tang’shan 063210, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuna Ji
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Jin
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Zebrafish Models for Human Diseases and Drug Screening of Shandong Province, 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji’nan 250103, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Anand SK, Sahu MR, Mondal AC. Induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the injured brain: potential relevance to brain regeneration in zebrafish. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5099-5108. [PMID: 34165768 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings suggest a significant role of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as a mediator of brain regeneration following a stab injury in zebrafish. Since BDNF has been implicated in many physiological processes, we hypothesized that these processes are affected by brain injury in zebrafish. Hence, we examined the impact of stab injury on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the adult zebrafish brain. Stab wound injury (SWI) was induced in the right telencephalic hemisphere of the adult zebrafish brain and examined at different time points. The biochemical variables of oxidative stress insult and transcript levels of antioxidant genes were assessed to reflect upon the oxidative stress levels in the brain. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the levels of early apoptotic marker protein cleaved caspase-3, and the transcript levels of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes were examined to determine the effect of SWI on apoptosis. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were significantly increased in the injured fish brain. SWI also enhanced the expression of cleaved caspase-3 protein and apoptosis-related gene transcripts. Our results indicate induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the telencephalon of adult zebrafish brain by SWI. These findings contribute to the overall understanding of the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury and adult neurogenesis in the zebrafish model and raise new questions about the compensatory physiological mechanisms in response to traumatic brain injury in the adult zebrafish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Kumar Anand
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Manas Ranjan Sahu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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17
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Zulazmi NA, Arulsamy A, Ali I, Zainal Abidin SA, Othman I, Shaikh MF. The utilization of small non-mammals in traumatic brain injury research: A systematic review. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:381-402. [PMID: 33539662 PMCID: PMC7941175 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide and has complicated underlying pathophysiology. Numerous TBI animal models have been developed over the past decade to effectively mimic the human TBI pathophysiology. These models are of mostly mammalian origin including rodents and non-human primates. However, the mammalian models demanded higher costs and have lower throughput often limiting the progress in TBI research. Thus, this systematic review aims to discuss the potential benefits of non-mammalian TBI models in terms of their face validity in resembling human TBI. Three databases were searched as follows: PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, for original articles relating to non-mammalian TBI models, published between January 2010 and December 2019. A total of 29 articles were selected based on PRISMA model for critical appraisal. Zebrafish, both larvae and adult, was found to be the most utilized non-mammalian TBI model in the current literature, followed by the fruit fly and roundworm. In conclusion, non-mammalian TBI models have advantages over mammalian models especially for rapid, cost-effective, and reproducible screening of effective treatment strategies and provide an opportunity to expedite the advancement of TBI research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Atiqah Zulazmi
- Neuropharmacology Research LaboratoryJeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
| | - Alina Arulsamy
- Neuropharmacology Research LaboratoryJeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
| | - Idrish Ali
- Department of NeuroscienceCentral Clinical SchoolThe Alfred HospitalMonash UniversityMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Syafiq Asnawi Zainal Abidin
- Neuropharmacology Research LaboratoryJeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
- Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) PlatformJeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Neuropharmacology Research LaboratoryJeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
- Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) PlatformJeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
| | - Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research LaboratoryJeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health SciencesMonash University MalaysiaSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia
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18
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Benvenutti R, Gallas-Lopes M, Marcon M, Reschke CR, Herrmann AP, Piato A. Glutamate Nmda Receptor Antagonists With Relevance To Schizophrenia: A Review Of Zebrafish Behavioral Studies. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:494-509. [PMID: 33588731 PMCID: PMC9608229 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210215121428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia pathophysiology is associated with hypofunction of glutamate NMDA receptors (NMDAR) in GABAergic interneurons and dopaminergic hyperactivation in subcortical brain areas. The administration of NMDAR antagonists is used as an animal model that replicates behavioral phenotypes relevant to the positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Such models overwhelmingly rely on rodents, which may lead to species-specific biases and poor translatability. Zebrafish, however, is increasingly used as a model organism to study evolutionarily conserved aspects of behavior. We thus aimed to review and integrate the major findings reported in the zebrafish literature regarding the behavioral effects of NMDAR antagonists with relevance to schizophrenia. We identified 44 research articles that met our inclusion criteria from 590 studies retrieved from MEDLINE (PubMed) and Web of Science databases. Dizocilpine (MK-801) and ketamine were employed in 29 and 10 studies, respectively. The use of other NMDAR antagonists, such as phencyclidine (PCP), APV, memantine, and tiletamine, was described in 6 studies. Frequently reported findings are the social interaction and memory deficits induced by MK-801 and circling behavior induced by ketamine. However, mixed results were described for several locomotor and exploratory parameters in the novel tank and open tank tests. The present review integrates the most relevant results while discussing variation in experimental design and methodological procedures. We conclude that zebrafish is a suitable model organism to study drug-induced behavioral phenotypes relevant to schizophrenia. However, more studies are necessary to further characterize the major differences in behavior as compared to mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radharani Benvenutti
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil
| | - Matheus Gallas-Lopes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil
| | - Matheus Marcon
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil
| | - Cristina R Reschke
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin. Ireland
| | - Ana Paula Herrmann
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil
| | - Angelo Piato
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil
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19
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Alyenbaawi H, Kanyo R, Locskai LF, Kamali-Jamil R, DuVal MG, Bai Q, Wille H, Burton EA, Allison WT. Seizures are a druggable mechanistic link between TBI and subsequent tauopathy. eLife 2021; 10:58744. [PMID: 33527898 PMCID: PMC7853719 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prominent risk factor for dementias including tauopathies like chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The mechanisms that promote prion-like spreading of Tau aggregates after TBI are not fully understood, in part due to lack of tractable animal models. Here, we test the putative role of seizures in promoting the spread of tauopathy. We introduce ‘tauopathy reporter’ zebrafish expressing a genetically encoded fluorescent Tau biosensor that reliably reports accumulation of human Tau species when seeded via intraventricular brain injections. Subjecting zebrafish larvae to a novel TBI paradigm produced various TBI features including cell death, post–traumatic seizures, and Tau inclusions. Bath application of dynamin inhibitors or anticonvulsant drugs rescued TBI-induced tauopathy and cell death. These data suggest a role for seizure activity in the prion-like seeding and spreading of tauopathy following TBI. Further work is warranted regarding anti-convulsants that dampen post-traumatic seizures as a route to moderating subsequent tauopathy. Traumatic brain injury can result from direct head concussions, rapid head movements, or a blast wave generated by an explosion. Traumatic brain injury often causes seizures in the short term and is a risk factor for certain dementias, including Alzheimer’s disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy in the long term. A protein called Tau undergoes a series of chemical changes in these dementias that makes it accumulate, form toxic filaments and kill neurons. The toxic abnormal Tau proteins are initially found only in certain regions of the brain, but they spread as the disease progresses. Previous studies in Alzheimer’s disease and other diseases where Tau proteins are abnormal suggest that Tau can spread between neighboring neurons and this can be promoted by neuron activity. However, scientists do not know whether similar mechanisms are at work following traumatic brain injury. Given that seizures are very common following traumatic brain injury, could they be partly responsible for promoting dementia? To investigate this, researchers need animal models in which they can measure neural activity associated with traumatic brain injury and observe the spread of abnormal Tau proteins. Alyenbaawi et al. engineered zebrafish so that their Tau proteins would be fluorescent, making it possible to track the accumulation of aggregated Tau protein in the brain. Next, they invented a simple way to perform traumatic brain injury on zebrafish larvae by using a syringe to produce a pressure wave. After this procedure, many of the fish exhibited features consistent with progression towards dementia, and seizure-like behaviors. The results showed that post-traumatic seizures are linked to the spread of aggregates of abnormal Tau following traumatic brain injury. Alyenbaawi et al. also found that anticonvulsant drugs can lower the levels of abnormal Tau proteins in neurons, preventing cell death, and could potentially ameliorate dementias associated with traumatic brain injury. These drugs are already being used to prevent post-traumatic epilepsy, but more research is needed to confirm whether they reduce the risk or severity of Tau-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel Alyenbaawi
- Centre for Prions & Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Richard Kanyo
- Centre for Prions & Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Laszlo F Locskai
- Centre for Prions & Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Razieh Kamali-Jamil
- Centre for Prions & Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Michèle G DuVal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Qing Bai
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Holger Wille
- Centre for Prions & Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Edward A Burton
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Pittsburgh VA Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - W Ted Allison
- Centre for Prions & Protein Folding Disease, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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20
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Inducing different severities of traumatic brain injury in Drosophila using a piezoelectric actuator. Nat Protoc 2020; 16:263-282. [PMID: 33277631 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-00415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drosophila models have been instrumental in providing insights into molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration, with wide application to human disease. The brain degeneration associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been modeled in Drosophila using devices that inflict trauma on multiple parts of the fly body, including the head. However, the injuries produced by these models are not specific in location and are inconsistent between individual animals. We have recently developed a device that can be used to inflict controlled head injury to flies, resulting in physiological responses that are remarkably similar to those observed in humans with TBI. This protocol describes the construction, calibration and use of the Drosophila TBI (dTBI) device, a platform that employs a piezoelectric actuator to reproducibly deliver a force in order to briefly compress the fly head against a metal surface. The extent of head compression can be controlled through an electrical circuit, allowing the operator to set different levels of injury. The entire device can be assembled and calibrated in under a week. The device components and the necessary electrical tools are readily available and cost ~$800. The dTBI device can be used to harness the power of Drosophila genetics and perform large-scale genetic or pharmacological screens, using a 7-d post-injury survival curve to identify modifiers of injury.
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21
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Kochanek PM, Jackson TC, Jha RM, Clark RS, Okonkwo DO, Bayır H, Poloyac SM, Wagner AK, Empey PE, Conley YP, Bell MJ, Kline AE, Bondi CO, Simon DW, Carlson SW, Puccio AM, Horvat CM, Au AK, Elmer J, Treble-Barna A, Ikonomovic MD, Shutter LA, Taylor DL, Stern AM, Graham SH, Kagan VE, Jackson EK, Wisniewski SR, Dixon CE. Paths to Successful Translation of New Therapies for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in the Golden Age of Traumatic Brain Injury Research: A Pittsburgh Vision. J Neurotrauma 2020; 37:2353-2371. [PMID: 30520681 PMCID: PMC7698994 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
New neuroprotective therapies for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) have not translated from pre-clinical to clinical success. Numerous explanations have been suggested in both the pre-clinical and clinical arenas. Coverage of TBI in the lay press has reinvigorated interest, creating a golden age of TBI research with innovative strategies to circumvent roadblocks. We discuss the need for more robust therapies. We present concepts for traditional and novel approaches to defining therapeutic targets. We review lessons learned from the ongoing work of the pre-clinical drug and biomarker screening consortium Operation Brain Trauma Therapy and suggest ways to further enhance pre-clinical consortia. Biomarkers have emerged that empower choice and assessment of target engagement by candidate therapies. Drug combinations may be needed, and it may require moving beyond conventional drug therapies. Precision medicine may also link the right therapy to the right patient, including new approaches to TBI classification beyond the Glasgow Coma Scale or anatomical phenotyping-incorporating new genetic and physiologic approaches. Therapeutic breakthroughs may also come from alternative approaches in clinical investigation (comparative effectiveness, adaptive trial design, use of the electronic medical record, and big data). The full continuum of care must also be represented in translational studies, given the important clinical role of pre-hospital events, extracerebral insults in the intensive care unit, and rehabilitation. TBI research from concussion to coma can cross-pollinate and further advancement of new therapies. Misconceptions can stifle/misdirect TBI research and deserve special attention. Finally, we synthesize an approach to deliver therapeutic breakthroughs in this golden age of TBI research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Travis C. Jackson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ruchira M. Jha
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert S.B. Clark
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David O. Okonkwo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hülya Bayır
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Samuel M. Poloyac
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amy K. Wagner
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Philip E. Empey
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yvette P. Conley
- Health Promotion and Development, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael J. Bell
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anthony E. Kline
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Corina O. Bondi
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dennis W. Simon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shaun W. Carlson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ava M. Puccio
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher M. Horvat
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alicia K. Au
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jonathan Elmer
- Departments of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amery Treble-Barna
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Milos D. Ikonomovic
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lori A. Shutter
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - D. Lansing Taylor
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew M. Stern
- Drug Discovery Institute, Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven H. Graham
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Valerian E. Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edwin K. Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephen R. Wisniewski
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C. Edward Dixon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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22
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Cho S, Park E, Telliyan T, Baker A, Reid AY. Zebrafish model of posttraumatic epilepsy. Epilepsia 2020; 61:1774-1785. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.16589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung‐Joon Cho
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada
- Collaborative Program in Neuroscience University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Eugene Park
- Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Tamar Telliyan
- Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Andrew Baker
- Keenan Research Centre Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute St. Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Anesthesia and Surgery University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Aylin Y. Reid
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
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23
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Liu XYE, Park E, Barretto T, Liu E, Ferrier GA, Tavakkoli J, J Baker A. Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Perivascular Cell-Conditioned Media in an Adult Zebrafish Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. Zebrafish 2020; 17:177-186. [PMID: 32434437 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2020.1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiological events of secondary brain injury contribute to poor outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The neuroprotective effects of mesenchymal cells have been extensively studied and evidence suggests that their effects are mostly mediated through paracrine effects. Human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs) are mesenchymal stem cells with potential therapeutic value in TBI. In this study, we assessed the effect of HUCPVC-conditioned media (CM) in an established adult zebrafish model of TBI induced by pulsed high-intensity focused ultrasound (pHIFU). This model demonstrates similarities to mammalian outcome after TBI. Administration of HUCPVC-CM 1 h postinjury (hpi) resulted in improved outcome after pHIFU-induced TBI. Western blot and immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that the HUCPVC-CM reduced (p < 0.05) reactive astrogliosis at 24 hpi. Moreover, at 24 hpi, the HUCPVC-CM treatment resulted in reduced apoptosis in HUCPVC-CM-treated zebrafish. Behavioral analysis demonstrated improvement in locomotor activity (p < 0.05) and anxiety (p < 0.05) at 6 and 24 hpi following HUCPVC-CM treatment. Overall, HUCPVC-CM treatment improved acute outcome measures in pHIFU-injured zebrafish. Collectively, the data demonstrate a cell-free treatment approach for traumatic brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eugene Park
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tanya Barretto
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elaine Liu
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Jahan Tavakkoli
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew J Baker
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesia, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia and Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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24
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Park E, McCutcheon V, Telliyan T, Liu E, Eisen R, Kinio A, Tavakkoli J, Baker AJ. Remote ischemic conditioning improves outcome independent of anesthetic effects following shockwave-induced traumatic brain injury. IBRO Rep 2020; 8:18-27. [PMID: 31909289 PMCID: PMC6939039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury due to primary blast exposure is a major cause of ongoing neurological and psychological impairment in soldiers and civilians. Animal and human evidence suggests that low-level blast exposure is capable of inducing white matter injury and behavioural deficits. There are currently no effective therapies to treat the underlying suspected pathophysiology of low-level primary blast or concussion. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has been shown to have cardiac, renal and neuro-protective effects in response to brief cycles of ischemia. Here we examined the effects of RIC in two models of blast injury. We used a model of low-level primary blast in rats to evaluate the effects of RIC neurofilament expression. We subsequently used a model of traumatic brain injury in adult zebrafish using pulsed high intensity focused ultrasound (pHIFU) to evaluate the effects of RIC on behavioural outcome and apoptosis in a post-traumatic setting. In blast exposed rats, RIC pretreatment modulated NF200 expression suggesting an innate biological buffering effect. In zebrafish, behavioural deficits and apoptosis due to pHIFU-induced brain injury were reduced following administration of serum derived from RIC rats. The results in the zebrafish model demonstrate the humoral effects of RIC independent of anesthetic effects that were observed in the rat model of injury. Our results indicate that RIC is effective in improving outcome following modeled brain trauma in pre- and post-injury paradigms. The results suggest a potential role for innate biological systems in the protection against pathophysiological processes associated with impairment following shockwave induced trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Park
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, Canada
| | - Victoria McCutcheon
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Tamar Telliyan
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, Canada
| | - Elaine Liu
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, Canada
| | - Rebecca Eisen
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, Canada
| | - Anna Kinio
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, Canada
| | - Jahan Tavakkoli
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, Canada.,Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Canada
| | - Andrew J Baker
- Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael's Hospital, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada.,Departments of Anesthesia & Surgery, University of Toronto, Canada
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25
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Duncan KA. Estrogen Formation and Inactivation Following TBI: What we Know and Where we Could go. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:345. [PMID: 32547495 PMCID: PMC7272601 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is responsible for various neuronal and cognitive deficits as well as psychosocial dysfunction. Characterized by damage inducing neuroinflammation, this response can cause an acute secondary injury that leads to widespread neurodegeneration and loss of neurological function. Estrogens decrease injury induced neuroinflammation and increase cell survival and neuroprotection and thus are a potential target for use following TBI. While much is known about the role of estrogens as a neuroprotective agent following TBI, less is known regarding their formation and inactivation following damage to the brain. Specifically, very little is known surrounding the majority of enzymes responsible for the production of estrogens. These estrogen metabolizing enzymes (EME) include aromatase, steroid sulfatase (STS), estrogen sulfotransferase (EST/SULT1E1), and some forms of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD17B) and are involved in both the initial conversion and interconversion of estrogens from precursors. This article will review and offer new prospective and ideas on the expression of EMEs following TBI.
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26
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Geng Y, Peterson RT. The zebrafish subcortical social brain as a model for studying social behavior disorders. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:dmm039446. [PMID: 31413047 PMCID: PMC6737945 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.039446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Social behaviors are essential for the survival and reproduction of social species. Many, if not most, neuropsychiatric disorders in humans are either associated with underlying social deficits or are accompanied by social dysfunctions. Traditionally, rodent models have been used to model these behavioral impairments. However, rodent assays are often difficult to scale up and adapt to high-throughput formats, which severely limits their use for systems-level science. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have used zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model system to study social behavior. These studies have demonstrated clear potential in overcoming some of the limitations of rodent models. In this Review, we explore the evolutionary conservation of a subcortical social brain between teleosts and mammals as the biological basis for using zebrafish to model human social behavior disorders, while summarizing relevant experimental tools and assays. We then discuss the recent advances gleaned from zebrafish social behavior assays, the applications of these assays to studying related disorders, and the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Geng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Randall T Peterson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 S. 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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27
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Kochanek PM, Dixon CE, Mondello S, Wang KKK, Lafrenaye A, Bramlett HM, Dietrich WD, Hayes RL, Shear DA, Gilsdorf JS, Catania M, Poloyac SM, Empey PE, Jackson TC, Povlishock JT. Multi-Center Pre-clinical Consortia to Enhance Translation of Therapies and Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Operation Brain Trauma Therapy and Beyond. Front Neurol 2018; 9:640. [PMID: 30131759 PMCID: PMC6090020 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Current approaches have failed to yield success in the translation of neuroprotective therapies from the pre-clinical to the clinical arena for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Numerous explanations have been put forth in both the pre-clinical and clinical arenas. Operation Brain Trauma Therapy (OBTT), a pre-clinical therapy and biomarker screening consortium has, to date, evaluated 10 therapies and assessed three serum biomarkers in nearly 1,500 animals across three rat models and a micro pig model of TBI. OBTT provides a unique platform to exploit heterogeneity of TBI and execute the research needed to identify effective injury specific therapies toward precision medicine. It also represents one of the first multi-center pre-clinical consortia for TBI, and through its work has yielded insight into the challenges and opportunities of this approach. In this review, important concepts related to consortium infrastructure, modeling, therapy selection, dosing and target engagement, outcomes, analytical approaches, reproducibility, and standardization will be discussed, with a focus on strategies to embellish and improve the chances for future success. We also address issues spanning the continuum of care. Linking the findings of optimized pre-clinical consortia to novel clinical trial designs has great potential to help address the barriers in translation and produce successes in both therapy and biomarker development across the field of TBI and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - C. Edward Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Oasi Research Institute (IRCCS), Troina, Italy
| | - Kevin K. K. Wang
- Program for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Audrey Lafrenaye
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Helen M. Bramlett
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - W. Dalton Dietrich
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Ronald L. Hayes
- Center for Innovative Research, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Banyan Biomarkers Research, Banyan Biomarkers, Inc., Alachua, FL, United States
| | - Deborah A. Shear
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection and Neurorestoration Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Janice S. Gilsdorf
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection and Neurorestoration Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | | | - Samuel M. Poloyac
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Philip E. Empey
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Clinical Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Travis C. Jackson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - John T. Povlishock
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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