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Li L, Jiang H, Qiu Z, Wang Z, Hu Z. EFFECT OF MIR-21-3P ON INTESTINAL INJURY IN RATS WITH TRAUMATIC HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK RESUSCITATED WITH THE SODIUM BICARBONATE RINGER'S SOLUTION. Shock 2024; 61:776-782. [PMID: 38517274 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background : This study aims to determine the impact and mechanism of miR-21-3p on intestinal injury and intestinal glycocalyx during fluid resuscitation in traumatic hemorrhagic shock (THS), and the different impacts of sodium lactate Ringer's solution (LRS) and sodium bicarbonate Ringer's solution (BRS) for resuscitation on intestinal damage. Methods : A rat model of THS was induced by hemorrhage from the left femur fracture. The pathological changes of intestinal tissues and glycocalyx structure were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscope. MiR-21-3p expression in intestinal tissues was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The expression of glycocalyx-, cell junction-, and PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins was analyzed by western blot. Results : MiR-21-3p expression was increased in THS rats, which was suppressed by resuscitation with BRS. BRS or LRS aggravated the intestinal injury and damaged intestinal glycocalyx in THS rats. The expression of SDC-1, HPA, β-catenin, MMP2, and MMP9 was upregulated, the expression of E-cad was downregulated, and the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway was activated in THS rats, which were further aggravated by BRS or LRS. The adverse effect of LRS was more serious than BRS. MiR-21-3p overexpression deteriorated the injury of intestinal tissues and intestinal glycocalyx; increased the expression of SDC-1, HPA, β-catenin, MMP2, and MMP9 while decreasing E-cad expression; and activated the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway in BRS-resuscitated THS rats. Conclusion : MiR-21-3p aggravated intestinal tissue injury and intestinal glycocalyx damage through activating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway in rats with THS resuscitated with BRS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhenjie Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
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Liu Y, Liu NX. Correlation Study on the Prognostic Value of miR-21 and S-100B Protein Levels in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Undergoing Hypothermia Therapy. Int J Neurosci 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38512134 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2024.2334375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the variations in serum levels of microRNA-21 (miR-21) and S-100B protein in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) after receiving hypothermia therapy and explore the correlation of these biomarkers with the neurodevelopmental prognosis of the infants. METHODS This retrospective analysis included 90 neonatal HIE patients diagnosed and treated between January 2019 and December 2022. Real-time quantitative PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods were used to measure miR-21 and S-100B protein levels. Neurodevelopmental assessments were conducted at one year, and follow-up was performed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development third edition. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software, with t-tests for continuous variables, chi-square tests for categorical data, Pearson correlation coefficient for correlation analysis, and multivariate regression analysis to adjust for confounding factors. RESULTS After hypothermia therapy, the observation group showed a significant decrease in miR-21 and S-100B protein levels (P < 0.001), and neurodevelopmental scores were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis indicated a negative correlation between miR-21 and neurodevelopmental scores (r=-0.62, P < 0.001), as well as a negative correlation between S-100B protein levels (r=-0.76, P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that miR-21 levels and S-100B protein levels maintained independent negative correlations with neurodevelopmental scores (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Hypothermia therapy significantly reduces serum levels of miR-21 and S-100B protein in neonatal HIE patients and may be associated with better prognosis. miR-21 and S-100B serve as prognostic biomarkers, aiding in predicting and improving the treatment outcomes and long-term prognosis of neonatal HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Newborn Pediatrics, Hengshui people's Hospital, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Nuo-Xuan Liu
- Department of Clincal, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 050031, Hebei, China
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Li S, Qiu N, Ni A, Hamblin MH, Yin KJ. Role of regulatory non-coding RNAs in traumatic brain injury. Neurochem Int 2024; 172:105643. [PMID: 38007071 PMCID: PMC10872636 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a potentially fatal health event that cannot be predicted in advance. After TBI occurs, it can have enduring consequences within both familial and social spheres. Yet, despite extensive efforts to improve medical interventions and tailor healthcare services, TBI still remains a major contributor to global disability and mortality rates. The prompt and accurate diagnosis of TBI in clinical contexts, coupled with the implementation of effective therapeutic strategies, remains an arduous challenge. However, a deeper understanding of changes in gene expression and the underlying molecular regulatory processes may alleviate this pressing issue. In recent years, the study of regulatory non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), a diverse class of RNA molecules with regulatory functions, has been a potential game changer in TBI research. Notably, the identification of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and other ncRNAs has revealed their potential as novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for TBI, owing to their ability to regulate the expression of numerous genes. In this review, we seek to provide a comprehensive overview of the functions of regulatory ncRNAs in TBI. We also summarize regulatory ncRNAs used for treatment in animal models, as well as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs that served as biomarkers for TBI diagnosis and prognosis. Finally, we discuss future challenges and prospects in diagnosing and treating TBI patients in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Li
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, S514 BST, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Na Qiu
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, S514 BST, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Andrew Ni
- Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Milton H Hamblin
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, 1212 Webber Hall, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Ke-Jie Yin
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, S514 BST, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
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Honkimaa A, Suppula J, Tynninen O, Saarela M, Liimatainen H, Laine P, Auvinen P, Auvinen E. JC Polyomavirus Modifies the Expression of Human microRNAs in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Brain. J Infect Dis 2023; 228:829-833. [PMID: 36988117 PMCID: PMC10547454 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe neurological condition caused by reactivation of JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) in immunosuppression. Asymptomatic JCPyV persists in peripheral tissues. Upon reactivation, neurotropic rearrangements may emerge, and the virus gains access to the brain. To assess the mechanisms of PML pathogenesis, brain tissue material from PML patients was collected for small RNA sequencing. Upregulation of 8 microRNAs (miRNAs) in PML brain was validated using quantitative microRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Bioinformatics tools were utilized to identify major associations of the upregulated miRNAs: neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier disruption. The results indicate involvement of human miRNA regulation in PML pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Honkimaa
- Department of Virology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joni Suppula
- Institute of Biotechnology, DNA Sequencing and Genomics Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Tynninen
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Saarela
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Liimatainen
- Department of Virology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pia Laine
- Institute of Biotechnology, DNA Sequencing and Genomics Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Petri Auvinen
- Institute of Biotechnology, DNA Sequencing and Genomics Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eeva Auvinen
- Department of Virology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Chen N, Wang YL, Sun HF, Wang ZY, Zhang Q, Fan FY, Ma YC, Liu FX, Zhang YK. Potential regulatory effects of stem cell exosomes on inflammatory response in ischemic stroke treatment. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:561-575. [PMID: 37424949 PMCID: PMC10324506 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i6.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence and disability rates of stroke pose a heavy burden on society. Inflammation is a significant pathological reaction that occurs after an ischemic stroke. Currently, therapeutic methods, except for intravenous thrombolysis and vascular thrombectomy, have limited time windows. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can migrate, differentiate, and inhibit inflammatory immune responses. Exosomes (Exos), which are secretory vesicles, have the characteristics of the cells from which they are derived, making them attractive targets for research in recent years. MSC-derived exosomes can attenuate the inflammatory response caused by cerebral stroke by modulating damage-associated molecular patterns. In this review, research on the inflammatory response mechanisms associated with Exos therapy after an ischemic injury is discussed to provide a new approach to clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan-Lin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui-Fang Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhuo-Ya Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Fei-Yan Fan
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Ma
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yun-Ke Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450008, Henan Province, China
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Li L, Li F, Bai X, Jia H, Wang C, Li P, Zhang Q, Guan S, Peng R, Zhang S, Dong JF, Zhang J, Xu X. Circulating extracellular vesicles from patients with traumatic brain injury induce cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction. Pharmacol Res 2023; 192:106791. [PMID: 37156450 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a key proponent of pathophysiological process of traumatic brain injury (TBI). We previously demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from injured brains led to endothelial barrier disruption and vascular leakage. However, the molecular mechanisms of this EV-induced endothelial dysfunction (endotheliopathy) remain unclear. Here, we enriched plasma EVs from TBI patients (TEVs), and detected high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) exposure to 50.33 ± 10.17% of TEVs and the number of HMGB1+TEVs correlated with injury severity. We then investigated for the first time the impact of TEVs on endothelial function using adoptive transfer models. We found that TEVs induced dysfunction of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells and mediated endothelial dysfunction in both normal and TBI mice, which were propagated through the HMGB1-activated receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)/Cathepsin B signaling, and the resultant NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and canonical caspase-1/gasdermin D (GSDMD)-dependent pyroptosis. Finally, von Willebrand factor (VWF) was detected on the surface of 77.01 ± 7.51% of HMGB1+TEVs. The TEV-mediated endotheliopathy was reversed by a polyclonal VWF antibody, indicating that VWF might serve a coupling factor that tethered TEVs to ECs, thus facilitating HMGB1-induced endotheliopathy. These results suggest that circulating EVs isolated from patients with TBI alone are sufficient to induce endothelial dysfunction and contribute to secondary brain injury that are dependent on immunologically active HMGB1 exposed on their surface. This finding provided new insight for the development of potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, China; Tianjin Neurological Institute; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanjian Li
- Tianjin Neurological Institute; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuesong Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Jia
- Tianjin Neurological Institute; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Fengtai You'anmen Hospital, 199 You'anmen Outer Street, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyu Guan
- Tianjin Neurological Institute; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruilong Peng
- Tianjin Neurological Institute; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Fei Dong
- Bloodworks Research Institute and Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute; Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, China.
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Mohamadzadeh O, Hajinouri M, Moammer F, Tamehri Zadeh SS, Omid Shafiei G, Jafari A, Ostadian A, Talaei Zavareh SA, Hamblin MR, Yazdi AJ, Sheida A, Mirzaei H. Non-coding RNAs and Exosomal Non-coding RNAs in Traumatic Brain Injury: the Small Player with Big Actions. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:4064-4083. [PMID: 37020123 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is an increasing concern regarding traumatic brain injury (TBI) worldwide since substantial morbidity is observed after it, and the long-term consequences that are not yet fully recognized. A number of cellular pathways related to the secondary injury in brain have been identified, including free radical production (owing to mitochondrial dysfunction), excitotoxicity (regulated by excitatory neurotransmitters), apoptosis, and neuroinflammatory responses (as a result of activation of the immune system and central nervous system). In this context, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) maintain a fundamental contribution to post-transcriptional regulation. It has been shown that mammalian brains express high levels of ncRNAs that are involved in several brain physiological processes. Furthermore, altered levels of ncRNA expression have been found in those with traumatic as well non-traumatic brain injuries. The current review highlights the primary molecular mechanisms participated in TBI that describes the latest and novel results about changes and role of ncRNAs in TBI in both clinical and experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsasadat Hajinouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Moammer
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirreza Ostadian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | | | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Huang X, Xu X, Wang C, Wang Y, Yang Y, Yao T, Bai R, Pei X, Bai F, Li P. Using bioinformatics technology to mine the expression of serum exosomal miRNA in patients with traumatic brain injury. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1145307. [PMID: 37144089 PMCID: PMC10151740 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1145307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered the most common traumatic neurological disease, is associated with high mortality and long-term complications, and is a global public health issue. However, there has been little progress in serum markers for TBI research. Therefore, there is an urgent need for biomarkers that can sufficiently function in TBI diagnosis and evaluation. Methods Exosomal microRNA (ExomiR), a stable circulating marker in the serum, has aroused widespread interest among researchers. To explore the level of serum ExomiR after TBI, we quantified ExomiR expression levels in serum exosomes extracted from patients with TBI using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and explored potential biomarkers using bioinformatics screening. Results Compared with the control group, there were 245 ExomiR (136 up-regulated and 109 down-regulated) in the serum of the TBI group that changed significantly. We observed serum ExomiRs expression profiles associated with neurovascular remodeling, the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, neuroinflammation, and a cascade of secondary injury, including eight up-regulated ExomiRs (ExomiR-124-3p, ExomiR-137-3p, ExomiR-9-3p, ExomiR-133a-5p, ExomiR-204-3p, ExomiR-519a-5p, ExomiR-4732-5p, and ExomiR-206) and 2 down-regulated ExomiR (ExomiR-21-3p and ExomiR-199a-5). Discussion The results revealed that serum ExomiRs might become a new research direction and breakthrough for the diagnosis and pathophysiological treatment of patients with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Xintao Huang,
| | - Xinjuan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ce Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Tianle Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Rui Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xile Pei
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Feirong Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Panpan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Wong R, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Ma D. Circular RNAs in organ injury: recent development. J Transl Med 2022; 20:533. [PMID: 36401311 PMCID: PMC9673305 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03725-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) are a class of long non-coding RNA that were once regarded as non-functional transcription byproducts. However, recent studies suggested that circRNAs may exhibit important regulatory roles in many critical biological pathways and disease pathologies. These studies have identified significantly differential expression profiles of circRNAs upon changes in physiological and pathological conditions of eukaryotic cells. Importantly, a substantial number of studies have suggested that circRNAs may play critical roles in organ injuries. This review aims to provide a summary of recent studies on circRNAs in organ injuries with respect to (1) changes in circRNAs expression patterns, (2) main mechanism axi(e)s, (3) therapeutic implications and (4) future study prospective. With the increasing attention to this research area and the advancement in high-throughput nucleic acid sequencing techniques, our knowledge of circRNAs may bring fruitful outcomes from basic and clinical research.
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Whole Transcriptomic Analysis of Key Genes and Signaling Pathways in Endogenous ARDS. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:1614208. [PMID: 36246560 PMCID: PMC9553538 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1614208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in rats with endogenous acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) lung injury and explore the pathogenesis and early diagnostic molecular markers using whole transcriptomic data. Methods Twelve 8-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were selected and randomly and equally divided into ARDS lung injury group and normal control group. RNA was extracted from the left lung tissues of both the groups and sequenced using the paired-end sequencing mode of the Illumina Hiseq sequencing platform. The DEGs of miRNA, cirRNA, lncRNA, and mRNA were screened using DESeq2 software, and the ceRNA regulatory network was constructed using Cytoscape. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed using the mRNA DEGs. STRING and Cytoscape software were used to construct the protein interaction network and identify the 15 key genes, which were verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results Based on different screening conditions, and compared with the control group, the ARDS lung injury group showed 836 mRNA DEGs (386 upregulated and 450 downregulated), 110 lncRNA DEGs (53 upregulated and 57 downregulated), 19 circRNA DEGs (3 upregulated and 16 downregulated), and 6 miRNA DEGs (5 upregulated and 1 downregulated gene). GO showed that the DEGs of mRNA were mainly involved in biological processes, such as defense response to lipopolysaccharide and other organisms, leukocyte chemotaxis, neutrophil chemotaxis, and cytokine-mediated signaling. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs played their biological roles mainly by participating in IL-17, TNF, and chemokine signaling pathways. The PPI analysis showed a total of 281 node proteins and 634 interaction edges. The top 15 key genes, which were screened, included Cxcl10, Mx1, Irf7, Isg15, Ifit3, Ifit2, Rsad2, Ifi47, Oasl, Dhx58, Usp18, Cmpk2, Herc6, Ifit1, and Gbp4. The ceRNA network analysis showed 69 nodes and 73 correlation pairs, where the key gene nodes were miR-21-3p, Camk2g, and Stx2. Conclusions The chemotaxis, migration, and degranulation of inflammatory cells, cytokine immune response, autophagy, and apoptosis have significant biological functions in the occurrence and development of endogenous acute lung injury during ARDS. Thus, the camk2g/miR-21-3p/lncRNA/circRNA network, CXCL10/CXCR3, and IL-17 signaling pathways might provide novel insights and targets for further studying the lung injury mechanism and clinical treatment.
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MiR-370-3p aggravates blood–brain barrier injury and neuron apoptosis by targeting SMURF1 to activate the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling in sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00270-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Reinhold AK, Krug SM, Salvador E, Sauer RS, Karl-Schöller F, Malcangio M, Sommer C, Rittner HL. MicroRNA-21-5p functions via RECK/MMP9 as a proalgesic regulator of the blood nerve barrier in nerve injury. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1515:184-195. [PMID: 35716075 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Both nerve injury and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) can result in chronic pain. In traumatic neuropathy, the blood nerve barrier (BNB) shielding the nerve is impaired-partly due to dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs). Upregulation of microRNA-21-5p (miR-21) has previously been documented in neuropathic pain, predominantly due to its proinflammatory features. However, little is known about other functions. Here, we characterized miR-21 in neuropathic pain and its impact on the BNB in a human-murine back translational approach. MiR-21 expression was elevated in plasma of patients with CRPS as well as in nerves of mice after transient and persistent nerve injury. Mice presented with BNB leakage, as well as loss of claudin-1 in both injured and spared nerves. Moreover, the putative miR-21 target RECK was decreased and downstream Mmp9 upregulated, as was Tgfb. In vitro experiments in human epithelial cells confirmed a downregulation of CLDN1 by miR-21 mimics via inhibition of the RECK/MMP9 pathway but not TGFB. Perineurial miR-21 mimic application in mice elicited mechanical hypersensitivity, while local inhibition of miR-21 after nerve injury reversed it. In summary, the data support a novel role for miR-21, independent of prior inflammation, in elicitation of pain and impairment of the BNB via RECK/MMP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Kristin Reinhold
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne M Krug
- Institute of Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ellaine Salvador
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany.,Section Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Reine S Sauer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Marzia Malcangio
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Sommer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike L Rittner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Center for Interdisciplinary Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany
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13
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Vázquez-Villaseñor I, Smith CI, Thang YJR, Heath PR, Wharton SB, Blackburn DJ, Ridger VC, Simpson JE. RNA-Seq Profiling of Neutrophil-Derived Microvesicles in Alzheimer's Disease Patients Identifies a miRNA Signature That May Impact Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115913. [PMID: 35682592 PMCID: PMC9180128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Systemic infection is associated with increased neuroinflammation and accelerated cognitive decline in AD patients. Activated neutrophils produce neutrophil-derived microvesicles (NMV), which are internalised by human brain microvascular endothelial cells and increase their permeability in vitro, suggesting that NMV play a role in blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity during infection. The current study investigated whether microRNA content of NMV from AD patients is significantly different compared to healthy controls and could impact cerebrovascular integrity. (2) Methods: Neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood samples of five AD and five healthy control donors without systemic infection were stimulated to produce NMV. MicroRNAs isolated from NMV were analysed by RNA-Seq, and online bioinformatic tools were used to identify significantly differentially expressed microRNAs in the NMV. Target and pathway analyses were performed to predict the impact of the candidate microRNAs on vascular integrity. (3) Results: There was no significant difference in either the number of neutrophils (p = 0.309) or the number of NMV (p = 0.3434) isolated from AD donors compared to control. However, 158 microRNAs were significantly dysregulated in AD NMV compared to controls, some of which were associated with BBB dysfunction, including miR-210, miR-20b-5p and miR-126-5p. Pathway analysis revealed numerous significantly affected pathways involved in regulating vascular integrity, including the TGFβ and PDGFB pathways, as well as Hippo, IL-2 and DNA damage signalling. (4) Conclusions: NMV from AD patients contain miRNAs that may alter the integrity of the BBB and represent a novel neutrophil-mediated mechanism for BBB dysfunction in AD and the accelerated cognitive decline seen as a result of a systemic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Vázquez-Villaseñor
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (I.V.-V.); (J.E.S.)
| | - Cynthia I. Smith
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Yung J. R. Thang
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Paul R. Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Stephen B. Wharton
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Daniel J. Blackburn
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Victoria C. Ridger
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK;
| | - Julie E. Simpson
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK; (C.I.S.); (Y.J.R.T.); (P.R.H.); (S.B.W.); (D.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (I.V.-V.); (J.E.S.)
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14
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He H, Sun M, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Qie W, Tu W. Dexmedetomidine alleviates the hypoxic-ischemic brain damage via miR-20a-5p/methionine adenosyltransferase 2B axis in rat pups. Neuroreport 2022; 33:205-214. [PMID: 35287147 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The neuroprotective effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been demonstrated in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) animal models, the mechanism of which will be the foothold in this work. METHODS After establishment of HIBD rat model, the rats were treated with DEX, miR-20a-5p agomir and adenoviral methionine adenosyltransferase 2B (MAT2B) overexpression vector, and then their brain tissues were harvested. The infarction volume and pathological changes of these brain tissues were measured using the triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC), Nissl and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stainings. The levels of miR-20a-5p, Bcl-2, Bax and MAT2B in these brain tissues were detected by Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot. The binding sites of MAT2B and miR-20a-5p were predicted using the TargetScan and verified using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. The memory deficits and spatial learning of rat pups were assessed by Morris water maze test. RESULTS MiR-20a-5p expression was upregulated, while MAT2B expression was downregulated in rats with HIBD. MAT2B was targeted by miR-20a-5p. DEX treatment improved the neurons and hippocampal tissue damage and decreased miR-20a-5p level in brain tissues of rats with HIBD. MiR-20a-5p overexpression overturned the protective effect of DEX on brain tissues and learning and memory abilities in rats with HIBD. Moreover, DEX promoted Bcl-2 level while inhibiting Bax level in HIBD rats' brain tissues. Besides, overexpressed MAT2B reversed the effect of overexpressed miR-20a-5p on the levels of MAT2B, Bcl-2 and Bax, brain tissue damage, as well as the learning and memory abilities in rats with HIBD. CONCLUSION DEX alleviated HIBD via the miR-20a-5p/MAT2B axis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Department of Anesthesiology, Southern Theater General Hospital of PLA
| | - Mei Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southern Theater General Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southern Theater General Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southern Theater General Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenbin Qie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southern Theater General Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weifeng Tu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southern Theater General Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
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15
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Azhar A, Khan WH, Al-Hosaini K, Kamal MA. miRNAs in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Update. Curr Drug Metab 2022; 23:283-298. [PMID: 35319361 DOI: 10.2174/1389200223666220321102824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease caused by newly discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the inception of SARS-CoV-2 from Wuhan, China, the virus has traveled to more than 200 countries globally. The role of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 has been thoroughly investigated and reviewed in the last 22 months or so; however, a comprehensive outline of miRNAs in SARS-CoV-2 infection is still missing. The genetic material of SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA molecule nearly 29 kb in size. RNA is composed of numerous sub-constituents, including microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs play an essential role in biological processes like apoptosis, cellular metabolism, cell death, cell movement, oncogenesis, intracellular signaling, immunity, and infection. Lately, miRNAs have been involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection, though the clear demonstration of miRNAs in the SARS-CoV-2 infection is not fully elucidated. The present review article summarizes recent findings of miRNAs associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We presented various facets of miRNAs such as miRNAs as the protagonist in viral infection, the occurrence of miRNA in cellular receptors, expression of miRNAs in multiple diseases, miRNA as a biomarker, and miRNA as a therapeutic tool discussed in detail. We also presented the vaccine status available in various countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Azhar
- Aligarh College of Education, Aligarh, UP, India
| | - Wajihul Hasan Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Khaled Al-Hosaini
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics, NSW; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
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16
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Fang Y, Yang Q. Specificity protein 1-induced serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz Type 1 antisense RNA1 regulates colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis through targeting heparin binding growth factor via sponging microRNA-214. Bioengineered 2022; 13:3309-3322. [PMID: 35068341 PMCID: PMC8973735 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2026859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo University, Yuyao People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Yuyao, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo University, Yuyao People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Yuyao, China
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17
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Wang H, Ding Y, Zhao Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Wu W. miR-21-3p regulates keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis possibly via regulating Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 pathway and cytokeratin 17 expression. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221145431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We investigated the effect and mechanism of miR-21-3p on the biological behavior of keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Methods HaCaT cells were transfected with miR-21-3p mimics and miR-21-3p inhibitor, respectively. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8, and apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression changes of Bax and Bcl-2 were measured with immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expressions of IL-17A and STAT3 were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Cytokeratin 17 protein was detected by Western blot. The relationship between miR-21-3p and STAT3 was verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Results The miR-21-3p mimics significantly promoted the proliferation and cell cycle progression of HaCaT cells. However, miR-21-3p mimics significantly inhibited cell apoptosis, decreased Bax expression and increased Bcl-2 expression. Additionally, miR-21-3p mimics significantly increased the expressions of Cytokeratin 17 protein, IL-17A mRNA and STAT3 mRNA. Of note, the miR-21-3p inhibitor exhibited contrary effects to miR-21-3p mimics. Furthermore, STAT3 was a direct target of miR-21-3p. Conclusion miR-21-3p may promote the abnormal proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of HaCaT cells, possibly through regulating JAK/STAT pathway and the expression of Cytokeratin 17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Xinmei Liu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic Diseases, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Dermatology Research (XJYS1707), Urumqi, China
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18
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Zeng Y, Du X, Yao X, Qiu Y, Jiang W, Shen J, Li L, Liu X. Mechanism of cell death of endothelial cells regulated by mechanical forces. J Biomech 2021; 131:110917. [PMID: 34952348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cell death of endothelial cells (ECs) is a common devastating consequence of various vascular-related diseases. Atherosclerosis, hypertension, sepsis, diabetes, cerebral ischemia and cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury, and chronic kidney disease remain major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, in which ECs are constantly subjected to a great amount of dynamic changed mechanical forces including shear stress, extracellular matrix stiffness, mechanical stretch and microgravity. A thorough understanding of the regulatory mechanisms by which the mechanical forces controlled the cell deaths including apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis is crucial for the development of new therapeutic strategies. In the present review, experimental and clinical data highlight that nutrient depletion, oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor-α, high glucose, lipopolysaccharide, and homocysteine possess cytotoxic effects in many tissues and induce apoptosis of ECs, and that sphingosine-1-phosphate protects ECs. Nevertheless, EC apoptosis in the context of those artificial microenvironments could be enhanced, reduced or even reversed along with the alteration of patterns of shear stress. An appropriate level of autophagy diminishes EC apoptosis to some extent, in addition to supporting cell survival upon microenvironment challenges. The intervention of pyroptosis showed a profound effect on atherosclerosis. Further cell and animal studies are required to ascertain whether the alterations in the levels of cell deaths and their associated regulatory mechanisms happen at local lesion sites with considerable mechanical force changes, for preventing senescence and cell deaths in the vascular-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zeng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Du
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinghong Yao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenli Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Junyi Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaoheng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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19
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Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates blood-brain barrier disruption and traumatic brain injury via attenuating macrophages derived exosomes miR-21 release. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3493-3507. [PMID: 34900532 PMCID: PMC8642604 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During the traumatic brain injury (TBI), improved expression of circulatory miR-21 serves as a diagnostic feature. Low levels of exosome-miR-21 in the brain can effectively improve neuroinflammation and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, reduce nerve apoptosis, restore neural function and ameliorate TBI. We evaluated the role of macrophage derived exosomes-miR-21 (M-Exos-miR-21) in disrupting BBB, deteriorating TBI, and Rg1 interventions. IL-1β-induced macrophages (IIM)-Exos-miR-21 can activate NF-κB signaling pathway and induce the expressions of MMP-1, -3 and -9 and downregulate the levels of tight junction proteins (TJPs) deteriorating the BBB. Rg1 reduced miR-21-5p content in IIM-Exos (RIIM-Exos). The interaction of NMIIA–HSP90 controlled the release of Exos-miR-21, this interaction was restricted by Rg1. Rg1 could inhibit the Exos-miR-21 release in peripheral blood flow to brain, enhancing TIMP3 protein expression, MMPs proteolysis, and restricting TJPs degradation thus protected the BBB integrity. Conclusively, Rg1 can improve the cerebrovascular endothelial injury and hold the therapeutic potential against TBI disease.
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20
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Mir-21 Suppression Promotes Mouse Hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194983. [PMID: 34638467 PMCID: PMC8508272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequent cancer of the liver with limited therapeutic options. MicroRNAs are a class of small molecules regulating a wide range of cellular processes that are important for cancer development. Among these microRNAs, miR-21 is strongly upregulated in almost all human cancers including HCC, and is considered as a strong driver of cancer development, suggesting that its pharmacological inhibition might represent a potential therapy. In this study, we show that deletion of miR-21 in genetically engineered mice promotes instead the development of HCC in several mouse models of this liver cancer. We further show that the lack of miR-21 is associated with increases in the expression of oncogenes such as Cdc25a, subtle deregulations of the MAPK, HiPPO, and STAT3 signaling pathways, as well as alterations of the inflammatory/immune anti-tumoral responses in the liver, which overtime contribute to enhanced tumorigenesis and progression toward malignancy. These results call for cautiousness when considering miR-21 inhibition for therapeutic purposes in HCC. Abstract The microRNA 21 (miR-21) is upregulated in almost all known human cancers and is considered a highly potent oncogene and potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In the liver, miR-21 was reported to promote hepatic steatosis and inflammation, but whether miR-21 also drives hepatocarcinogenesis remains poorly investigated in vivo. Here we show using both carcinogen (Diethylnitrosamine, DEN) or genetically (PTEN deficiency)-induced mouse models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), total or hepatocyte-specific genetic deletion of this microRNA fosters HCC development—contrasting the expected oncogenic role of miR-21. Gene and protein expression analyses of mouse liver tissues further indicate that total or hepatocyte-specific miR-21 deficiency is associated with an increased expression of oncogenes such as Cdc25a, subtle deregulations of the MAPK, HiPPO, and STAT3 signaling pathways, as well as alterations of the inflammatory/immune anti-tumoral responses in the liver. Together, our data show that miR-21 deficiency promotes a pro-tumoral microenvironment, which over time fosters HCC development via pleiotropic and complex mechanisms. These results question the current dogma of miR-21 being a potent oncomiR in the liver and call for cautiousness when considering miR-21 inhibition for therapeutic purposes in HCC.
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21
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Takata F, Nakagawa S, Matsumoto J, Dohgu S. Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction Amplifies the Development of Neuroinflammation: Understanding of Cellular Events in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells for Prevention and Treatment of BBB Dysfunction. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:661838. [PMID: 34588955 PMCID: PMC8475767 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.661838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is involved in the onset or progression of various neurodegenerative diseases. Initiation of neuroinflammation is triggered by endogenous substances (damage-associated molecular patterns) and/or exogenous pathogens. Activation of glial cells (microglia and astrocytes) is widely recognized as a hallmark of neuroinflammation and triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to neurotoxicity and neuronal dysfunction. Another feature associated with neuroinflammatory diseases is impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB, which is composed of brain endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, maintains brain homeostasis and protects neurons. Impairment of this barrier allows trafficking of immune cells or plasma proteins into the brain parenchyma and subsequent inflammatory processes in the brain. Besides neurons, activated glial cells also affect BBB integrity. Therefore, BBB dysfunction can amplify neuroinflammation and act as a key process in the development of neuroinflammation. BBB integrity is determined by the integration of multiple signaling pathways within brain endothelial cells through intercellular communication between brain endothelial cells and brain perivascular cells (pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes). For prevention of BBB disruption, both cellular components, such as signaling molecules in brain endothelial cells, and non-cellular components, such as inflammatory mediators released by perivascular cells, should be considered. Thus, understanding of intracellular signaling pathways that disrupt the BBB can provide novel treatments for neurological diseases associated with neuroinflammation. In this review, we discuss current knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms involved in BBB impairment by inflammatory mediators released by perivascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuko Takata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinya Dohgu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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22
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Li L, Cheng SQ, Guo W, Cai ZY, Sun YQ, Huang XX, Yang J, Ji J, Chen YY, Dong YF, Cheng H, Sun XL. Oridonin prevents oxidative stress-induced endothelial injury via promoting Nrf-2 pathway in ischaemic stroke. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9753-9766. [PMID: 34514714 PMCID: PMC8505855 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oridonin, a natural diterpenoid compound extracted from a Chinese herb, has been proved to exert anti‐oxidative stress effects in various disease models. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of oridonin on oxidative stress‐induced endothelial injury in ischaemic stroke. We found oridonin repaired blood‐brain barrier (BBB) integrity presented with upregulation of tight junction proteins (TJ proteins) expression, inhibited the infiltration of periphery inflammatory cells and neuroinflammation and thereby reduced infarct volume in ischaemic stroke mice. Furthermore, our results showed that oridonin could protect against oxidative stress‐induced endothelial injury via promoting nuclear translocation of nuclear factor‐erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf‐2). The specific mechanism could be the activation of AKT(Ser473)/GSK3β(Ser9)/Fyn signalling pathway. Our findings revealed the therapeutic effect and mechanism of oridonin in ischaemic stroke, which provided fundamental evidence for developing the extracted compound of Chinese herbal medicine into an innovative drug for ischaemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Qi Cheng
- Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Cai
- Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Qin Sun
- Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Xin Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Ji
- Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya-Yun Chen
- Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin-Feng Dong
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Sun
- Neuroprotective Drug Discovery Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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23
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Liu T, Wang X, Guo F, Sun X, Yuan K, Wang Q, Lan C. Lysophosphatidylcholine induces apoptosis and inflammatory damage in brain microvascular endothelial cells via GPR4-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 77:105227. [PMID: 34293432 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), as the main active component of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDLs), has significant effects in cerebrovascular disease. However, the complex mechanism by which LPC functions in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) is not clearly understood. In this study, BMECs were transfected with G protein-coupled receptor 4 (GPR4) siRNA or an NLRP3-overexpression plasmid, and GPR4 expression was identified by RT-qPCR and western blotting; IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-33 levels were evaluated by ELISA. Apoptosis was monitored by flow cytometry and Hoechst staining, while Caspase 3, ASC, NLRP3, and GPR4 protein expression were examined by western blotting. Our results showed that LPC significantly increased the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-33) and markedly induced apoptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in BMECs. Moreover, LPC notably upregulated GPR4 in BMECs, and knockdown of GPR4 significantly attenuated the effects of LPC in BMECs. Above all, we also proved that LPC induced apoptosis and inflammatory injury in BMECs by causing GPR4 to activate NLRP3 inflammasomes. Therefore, GPR4-mediated activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes might be the underlying mechanism by which LPC promotes the progression of cerebrovascular disease. In summary we found that LPC is an important pathogenic factor in cerebrovascular disease, and can induce GPR4 to active NLRP3 inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital (Guang ming), No. 39 Huaxia Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xuegang Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The People's Hospital of Bao an, No. 118, Longjing Second Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Neurology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital (Guang ming), No. 39 Huaxia Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, No. 168 Changhai Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kunxiong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital (Guang ming), No. 39 Huaxia Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qingyong Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital (Guang ming), No. 39 Huaxia Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Chunwei Lan
- Department of Neurology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital (Guang ming), No. 39 Huaxia Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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24
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Liu X, Shen L, Han B, Yao H. Involvement of noncoding RNA in blood-brain barrier integrity in central nervous system disease. Noncoding RNA Res 2021; 6:130-138. [PMID: 34377876 PMCID: PMC8327137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the important role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the central nervous system (CNS), increasing studies have been carried out to determine how the structural and functional integrity of the BBB impacts the pathogenesis of CNS diseases such as stroke, traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), and gliomas. Emerging studies have revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) help to maintain the integrity and permeability of the BBB, thereby mediating CNS homeostasis. This review summarizes recent studies that focus on the effects of ncRNAs on the BBB in CNS diseases, including regulating the biological processes of inflammation, necrosis, and apoptosis of cells, affecting the translational dysfunction of proteins and regulating tight junctions (TJs). A comprehensive and detailed understanding of the interaction between ncRNAs and the BBB will lay a solid foundation for the development of early diagnostic methods and effective treatments for CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Shen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Han
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honghong Yao
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
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25
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Mutual Correlation between Non-Coding RNA and S-Adenosylmethionine in Human Cancer: Roles and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133264. [PMID: 34209866 PMCID: PMC8268931 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Non-coding RNAs and S-adenosylmethionine, the methyl donor required in all epigenetic methylation reactions, have emerged in recent years as crucial players in the modulation of gene expression in different types of human cancers. This review summarizes the most recent findings on reciprocal regulation between AdoMet and non-coding RNAs. AdoMet was found to exert anticancer activity through epigenetic regulation of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs. On the other hand, several microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs have been reported to display regulatory effects on the expression of genes involved in AdoMet synthesis and metabolism. Increasing knowledge on the relationship between AdoMet and non-coding RNAs will provide insights for further development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cancer treatments. Abstract Epigenetics includes modifications in DNA methylation, histone and chromatin structure, and expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Knowledge of the relationships between S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet or SAM), the universal methyl donor for all epigenetic methylation reactions and miRNAs or lncRNAs in human cancer may provide helpful insights for the development of new end more effective anticancer therapeutic approaches. In recent literature, a complex network of mutual interconnections between AdoMet and miRNAs or lncRNAs has been reported and discussed. Indeed, ncRNAs expression may be regulated by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA and RNA methylation and histone modifications. On the other hand, miRNAs or lncRNAs may influence the epigenetic apparatus by modulating the expression of its enzymatic components at the post-transcriptional level. Understanding epigenetic mechanisms, such as dysregulation of miRNAs/lncRNAs and DNA methylation, has become of central importance in modern research. This review summarizes the recent findings on the mechanisms by which AdoMet and miRNA/lncRNA exert their bioactivity, providing new insights to develop innovative and more efficient anticancer strategies based on the interactions between these epigenetic modulators.
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26
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Ge X, Zhu L, Li W, Sun J, Chen F, Li Y, Lei P, Zhang J. Red Cell Distribution Width to Platelet Count Ratio: A Promising Routinely Available Indicator of Mortality for Acute Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2021; 39:159-171. [PMID: 33719580 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prognosis evaluation is crucial for the effective management of patients with acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, there is still a lack of routinely available blood indicators for mortality risk in clinical practice. To investigate whether blood red cell distribution width to platelet count ratio (RPR) correlates with hospital mortality of TBI, clinical data of 2220 patients with TBI were extracted from two large intensive care unit cohorts (MIMIC-III and eICU Database), and were integratively analyzed using our developed method named MeDICS. We found that higher RPR can be observed among non-survivors than survivors of TBI (p < 0.001). It had a moderately good prognostic performance for mortality with an area under receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.7367, which was greater than that of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS; AUC = 0.6022). Besides, the nomogram consisting of RPR, GCS, and other risk factors was developed, where 10-fold cross-validation was performed to protect it against overfitting. A Harrell's C-index of 0.8523 was determined, suggesting an improved prognostic value based on RPR. The in vivo experiments further confirmed the association between RPR and neuro-outcome after TBI. It indicated that the continuous change in RPR post-injury is attributed to the development of inflammation, which emphasized the importance of controlling inflammatory response in clinical treatment. Taken together, RPR is a promising routinely available predictor of mortality for acute TBI. The nomogram generated from it can be used in resource-limited settings, thus be proposed as a prognosis evaluation aid for patients with TBI in all levels of medical system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Luoyun Zhu
- Department of Medical Examination, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenzhu Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanglian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongmei Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Lab of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education) Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Lei
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
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27
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Subbarayan K, Massa C, Lazaridou M, Ulagappan K, Seliger B. Identification of a novel miR-21-3p/TGF-β signaling-driven immune escape via the MHC class I/biglycan axis in tumor cells. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e306. [PMID: 33783999 PMCID: PMC7989704 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Massa
- Institute of Medical ImmunologyMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalleGermany
| | | | - Kamatchi Ulagappan
- Institute of Medical ImmunologyMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalleGermany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical ImmunologyMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalleGermany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and ImmunologyLeipzigGermany
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28
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Xu L, Ye X, Zhong J, Chen YY, Wang LL. New Insight of Circular RNAs' Roles in Central Nervous System Post-Traumatic Injury. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:644239. [PMID: 33841083 PMCID: PMC8029650 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.644239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) post-traumatic injury can cause severe nerve damage with devastating consequences. However, its pathophysiological mechanisms remain vague. There is still an urgent need for more effective treatments. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that can form covalently closed RNA circles. Through second-generation sequencing technology, microarray analysis, bioinformatics, and other technologies, recent studies have shown that a number of circRNAs are differentially expressed after traumatic brain injury (TBI) or spinal cord injury (SCI). These circRNAs play important roles in the proliferation, inflammation, and apoptosis in CNS post-traumatic injury. In this review, we summarize the expression and functions of circRNAs in CNS in recent studies, as well as the circRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction networks. The potential clinical value of circRNAs as a therapeutic target is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvwan Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinjie Zhong
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Obstetrics of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Lin Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Orthopaedics of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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29
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Liu N, Sun H, Li X, Cao W, Peng A, Dong S, Yu Z. Downregulation of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 relieves traumatic brain injury induced neurological deficits via promoting "M2" microglia polarization. Brain Res Bull 2021; 171:91-102. [PMID: 33713751 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia-induced neuroinflammation is one of the main characteristics of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Presently, we aim to investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) KCNQ1 overlapping transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) in TBI-induced neurological deficits and the related mechanism. METHODS An in-vivo TBI model was established in mice, and in-vitro experiments were carried out on BV2 microglia. Then the neurological functions, microglial activation, inflammatory cytokines, and proteins were detected. RESULTS Our data indicated that KCNQ1OT1 was markedly overexpressed in the cerebral tissues of TBI mice, accompanied by a higher level of the cytokines (including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα). However, knocking down KCNQ1OT1 relieved neurological deficits, neuron loss, and blood-brain barrier damage. Besides, overexpressing miR-873-5p enhanced the "M2″ polarization of microglia by repressing the TRAF6-mediated p38 and NF-κB pathways. In contrast, downregulating KCNQ1OT1 repressed microglial neuroinflammation by attenuating the "M1″ polarization of microglia and promoting "M2″ polarization of microglia, and inactivating the p38 and NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSIONS Mechanistically, KCNQ1OT1 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sponging miR-873-5p, which targeted the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of TRAF6. Overall, our data confirmed that downregulating lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 exerted neuroprotective effects on TBI mice by modulating the miR-873-5p-TRAF6-p38/NF-κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Jilin Provincial FAW General Hospital, Changchun, 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Xuezhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aini Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suyan Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhixin Yu
- ICU, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, China
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30
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Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious global public health problem. Survivors of TBI often suffer from long-term disability, which puts a heavy burden on society and families. Unfortunately, up to now, there is no efficacious treatment for TBI patients in clinical practice. As a reducing gas, hydrogen has been shown to be neuroprotective in multiple cerebral disease models; however, its efficacy in TBI remains controversial. In this review, we will focus on the results of hydrogen in experimental TBI, elaborate the potential mechanisms, and put forward for future researches based on our current understanding and views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Gang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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31
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Gao L, Song Z, Mi J, Hou P, Xie C, Shi J, Li Y, Manaenko A. The Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Cell Therapy on Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity After Ischemic Stroke. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 18:1213-1226. [PMID: 32928089 PMCID: PMC7770640 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200914162013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of mortality and disability worldwide. However, efficient therapeutic strategies are still lacking. Stem/progenitor cell-based therapy, with its vigorous advantages, has emerged as a promising tool for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The mechanisms involve new neural cells and neuronal circuitry formation, antioxidation, inflammation alleviation, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis promotion. In the past decades, in-depth studies have suggested that cell therapy could promote vascular stabilization and decrease blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage after ischemic stroke. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms on BBB integrity induced by the engrafted cells in ischemic stroke have not been reviewed yet. Herein, we will update the progress in research on the effects of cell therapy on BBB integrity after ischemic stroke and review the underlying mechanisms. First, we will present an overview of BBB dysfunction under the ischemic condition and cells engraftment for ischemic treatment. Then, we will summarize and discuss the current knowledge about the effects and underlying mechanisms of cell therapy on BBB integrity after ischemic stroke. In particular, we will review the most recent studies in regard to the relationship between cell therapy and BBB in tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)-mediated therapy and diabetic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Neurology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Zhenghong Song
- Department of Neurology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Jianhua Mi
- Department of Neurology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Pinpin Hou
- Central Laboratory, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,
Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Chong Xie
- Departmeng of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jianquan Shi
- Departmeng of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yansheng Li
- Department of Neurology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Anatol Manaenko
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China,NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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32
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miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Pathway From Diagnosis to Neurorehabilitation. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2020; 36:E155-E169. [PMID: 33201038 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers that can advance precision neurorehabilitation of the traumatic brain injury (TBI) are needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have biological properties that could make them well suited for playing key roles in differential diagnoses and prognoses and informing likelihood of responsiveness to specific treatments. OBJECTIVE To review the evidence of miRNA alterations after TBI and evaluate the state of science relative to potential neurorehabilitation applications of TBI-specific miRNAs. METHODS This scoping review includes 57 animal and human studies evaluating miRNAs after TBI. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar search engines were used. RESULTS Gold standard analytic steps for miRNA biomarker assessment are presented. Published studies evaluating the evidence for miRNAs as potential biomarkers for TBI diagnosis, severity, natural recovery, and treatment-induced outcomes were reviewed including statistical evaluation. Growing evidence for specific miRNAs, including miR21, as TBI biomarkers is presented. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence of differential miRNA expression in TBI in both human and animal models; however, gaps need to be filled in terms of replication using rigorous, standardized methods to isolate a consistent set of miRNA changes. Longitudinal studies in TBI are needed to understand how miRNAs could be implemented as biomarkers in clinical practice.
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33
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Thangavelu B, Wilfred BS, Johnson D, Gilsdorf JS, Shear DA, Boutté AM. Penetrating Ballistic-Like Brain Injury Leads to MicroRNA Dysregulation, BACE1 Upregulation, and Amyloid Precursor Protein Loss in Lesioned Rat Brain Tissues. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:915. [PMID: 33071724 PMCID: PMC7530327 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Yet, the molecular events involving dysregulated miRNAs that may be associated with protein degradation in the brain remains elusive. Quantitation of more than 800 miRNAs was conducted using rat ipsilateral coronal brain tissues collected 1, 3, or 7 days after penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI). As a control for each time-point, Sham-operated animals received craniotomy alone. Microarray and systems biology analysis indicated that the amplitude and complexity of miRNAs affected were greatest 7 day after PBBI. Arrays and Q-PCR inferred that dysregulation of miR-135a, miR-328, miR-29c, and miR-21 were associated with altered levels of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), PSEN1, PSEN2, and amyloid precursor protein (APP) genes. These events were followed by increased levels of mature BACE1 protein and concomitant loss of full length APP within 3–7 days, then elevation of amyloid beta (Aβ)-40 7 days after PBBI. This study indicates that miRNA arrays, coupled with systems biology, may be used to guide study design prior validation of miRNA dysregulation. Associative analysis of miRNAs, mRNAs, and proteins within a proposed pathway are poised for further validation as biomarkers and therapeutic targets relevant to TBI-induced APP loss and subsequent Aβ peptide generation during neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharani Thangavelu
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Bernard S Wilfred
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - David Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Area Laboratory Services, Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, Landstuhl, Germany
| | - Janice S Gilsdorf
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Deborah A Shear
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Angela M Boutté
- Brain Trauma Neuroprotection Branch, Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
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34
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Ding SQ, Chen YQ, Chen J, Wang SN, Duan FX, Shi YJ, Hu JG, Lü HZ. Serum exosomal microRNA transcriptome profiling in subacute spinal cord injured rats. Genomics 2020; 112:5086-5100. [PMID: 32919018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a series of pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). Although, locally expressed miRNAs have advantages in studying the pathological mechanism, they cannot be used as biomarkers. The "free circulation" miRNAs can be used as biomarkers, but they have low concentration and poor stability in body fluids. Exosomal miRNAs in body fluids have many advantages comparing with free miRNAs. Therefore, we hypothesized that the specific miRNAs in the central nervous system might be transported to the peripheral circulation and concentrated in exosomes after injury. Using next-generation sequencing, miRNA profiles in serum exosomes of sham and subactue SCI rats were analyzed. The results showed that SCI can lead to changes of serum exosomal miRNAs. These changed miRNAs and their associated signaling pathways may explain the pathological mechanism of suacute SCI. More importantly, we found some valuable serum exosomal miRNAs for diagnosis and prognosis of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qin Ding
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Qing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Sai-Nan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Fei-Xiang Duan
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Jiao Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.
| | - He-Zuo Lü
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China.
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Zhang T, Tian C, Wu J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Kong Q, Mu L, Sun B, Ai T, Wang Y, Zhao W, Wang D, Li H, Wang G. MicroRNA-182 exacerbates blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption by downregulating the mTOR/FOXO1 pathway in cerebral ischemia. FASEB J 2020; 34:13762-13775. [PMID: 32808351 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903092r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia causes damage to the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and alleviating BBB destruction will be of great significance for the treatment and prognosis of ischemic stroke. Recently, microRNAs have been shown to play a critical role in BBB integrity. However, the potential mechanism by which microRNA-182 (miR-182) affects the BBB in ischemic stroke remains unclear. We demonstrated for the first time that cerebral ischemia leads to a significant progressive increase in miR-182 after pMCAO, and bEnd.3 cells are the primary target cells of miR-182. In miR-182 KD transgenic mice, infarct volume, and BBB permeability were attenuated, and tight junction (TJ) proteins increased. Inhibition of miR-182 with an antagomir reduced OGD-induced apoptosis of bEnd.3 cells and the loss of ZO-1 and Occludin. To further explore the mechanism by which miR-182 regulates BBB integrity, we detected the apoptotic proteins Bcl-2/Bax and demonstrated that mTOR and FOXO1 were the targets of miR-182. Inhibition of mTOR/FOXO1 by rapamycin/AS1842856 decreased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and exacerbated TJ protein loss. Taken together, inhibition of miR-182 protects BBB integrity by reducing endothelial cell apoptosis through the mTOR/FOXO1 pathway. Thus, miR-182 may be a potential target for the treatment of BBB disruption during cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongshuai Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinrong Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingfei Kong
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lili Mu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianhong Ai
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Wu Lian De Memorial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hulun Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyou Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Li M, Zhao J, Cao M, Liu R, Chen G, Li S, Xie Y, Xie J, Cheng Y, Huang L, Su M, Xu Y, Zheng M, Zou K, Geng L, Xu W, Gong S. Mast cells-derived MiR-223 destroys intestinal barrier function by inhibition of CLDN8 expression in intestinal epithelial cells. Biol Res 2020; 53:12. [PMID: 32209121 PMCID: PMC7092522 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mast cells (MCs) have been found to play a critical role during development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that characterized by dysregulation of inflammation and impaired intestinal barrier function. However, the function of MCs in IBD remains to be fully elucidated. Results In our study, we used exosomes isolated from human mast cells-1 (HMCs-1) to culture with NCM460, HT-29 or CaCO2 of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to investigate the communication between MCs and IECs. We found that MCs-derived exosomes significantly increased intestinal epithelial permeability and destroyed intestinal barrier function, which is attributed to exosome-mediated functional miRNAs were transferred from HMCs-1 into IECs, leading to inhibit tight junction-related proteins expression, including tight junction proteins 1 (TJP1, ZO-1), Occludin (OCLN), Claudin 8 (CLDN8). Microarray and bioinformatic analysis have further revealed that a panel of miRNAs target different tight junction-related proteins. Interestingly, miR-223 is enriched in mast cell-derived exosome, which inhibit CLDN8 expression in IECs, while treatment with miR-223 inhibitor in HT-29 cells significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of HMCs-1-derived exosomes on CLDN 8 expression. Most importantly, enrichment of MCs accumulation in intestinal mucosa of patients with IBD compared with those healthy control. Conclusions These results indicated that enrichment of exosomal miR-223 from HMCs-1 inhibited CLDN8 expression, leading to destroy intestinal barrier function. These finding provided a novel insight of MCs as a new target for therapeutic treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musheng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Junhong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Meiwan Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Ruitao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Guanhua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Songyu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qionghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qionghai, 571400, China
| | - Yuanwen Xie
- Department of Anorectal, Qionghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qionghai, 571400, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Mingmin Su
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, CF103AT, UK
| | - Yuxin Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- School of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Kejian Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Lanlan Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China. .,Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China. .,Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Sitang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China. .,Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
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Lai N, Wu D, Liang T, Pan P, Yuan G, Li X, Li H, Shen H, Wang Z, Chen G. Systemic exosomal miR-193b-3p delivery attenuates neuroinflammation in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:74. [PMID: 32098619 PMCID: PMC7041199 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is a potential crucial factor in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of diverse aspects of neuronal dysfunction. The therapeutic potential of miRNAs has been demonstrated in several CNS disorders and is thought to involve modulation of neuroinflammation. Here, we found that peripherally injected modified exosomes (Exos) delivered miRNAs to the brains of mice with SAH and that the potential mechanism was regulated by regulation of neuroinflammation. Methods Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and qRT-PCR were used to define the global miRNA profile of plasma exosomes in aSAH patients and healthy controls. We peripherally injected RVG/Exos/miR-193b-3p to achieve delivery of miR-193b-3p to the brain of mice with SAH. The effects of miR-193b-3p on SAH were assayed using a neurological score, brain water content, blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury, and Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining. Western blotting analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and qRT-PCR were used to measure various proteins and mRNA levels. Results NGS and qRT-PCR revealed that four circulating exosomal miRNAs were differentially expressed. RVG/Exos exhibited improved targeting to the brains of SAH mice. MiR-193b-3p suppressed the expression and activity of HDAC3, upregulating the acetylation of NF-κB p65. Finally, miR-193b-3p treatment mitigated the neurological behavioral impairment, brain edema, BBB injury, and neurodegeneration induced by SAH, and reduced inflammatory cytokine expression in the brains of mice after SAH. Conclusions Exos/miR-193b-3p treatment attenuated the inflammatory response by acetylation of the NF-κB p65 via suppressed expression and activity of HDAC3. These effects alleviated neurobehavioral impairments and neuroinflammation following SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niansheng Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, 2 West Zheshan Road, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Non-coding RNA Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Degang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, 2 West Zheshan Road, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.,Non-coding RNA Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tianyu Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pengjie Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guiqiang Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Chen P, Tang H, Zhang Q, Xu L, Zhou W, Hu X, Deng Y, Zhang L. Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) Protects the Blood-Brain Barrier by Binding of FGFR1 and Activating the ERK Signaling Pathway After Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and Traumatic Brain Injury. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922009. [PMID: 32036381 PMCID: PMC7029819 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. IAH leads to intra-abdominal tissue damage and causes dysfunction in distal organs such as the brain. The effect of a combined injury due to IAH and traumatic brain injury (TBI) on the integrity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) has not been investigated. Material/Methods Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, brain water content, EB permeability detection, immunofluorescence staining, real-time PCR, and Western blot analysis were used to examine the effects of IAH and TBI on the BBB in rats, and to characterize the protective effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on combined injury-induced BBB damage. Results Combined injury from IAH and TBI to the BBB resulted in brain edema and increased intracranial pressure. The effects of bFGF on alleviating the rat BBB injuries were determined, indicating that bFGF regulated the expression levels of the tight junction (TJ), adhesion junction (AJ), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and IL-1β, as well as reduced BBB permeability, brain edema, and intracranial pressure. Moreover, the FGFR1 antagonist PD 173074 and the ERK antagonist PD 98059 decreased the protective effects of bFGF. Conclusions bFGF effectively protected the BBB from damage caused by combined injury from IAH and TBI, and binding of FGFR1 and activation of the ERK signaling pathway was involved in these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA), Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).,Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Hao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA), Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Qingtao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Xi Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Yongbing Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lianyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA), Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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Li C, Fei K, Tian F, Gao C, Yang S. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate ischemic brain injuries in rats by modulating miR-21-3p/MAT2B signaling transduction. Croat Med J 2020. [PMID: 31686458 PMCID: PMC6852138 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2019.60.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To explore the mechanism underlying the protective effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) against ischemic stroke by focusing on miR-21-3p/MAT2B axis. Methods Ischemic brain injury was induced in 126 rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The effect of ADMSC administration on blood-brain barrier (BBB) condition, apoptosis, inflammation, and the activity of miR-21-3p/MAT2B axis was assessed. The role of miR-21-3p inhibition in the function of ADMSCs was further validated in in vitro neural cells. Results ADMSCs administration improved BBB condition, inhibited apoptosis, and suppressed inflammation. It also reduced the abnormally high level of miR-21-3p in MCAO rats. Dual luciferase assays showed that miR-21-3p directly inhibited the MAT2B expression in neural cells, and miR-21-3p inhibition by inhibitor or ADMSC-derived exosomes in neurons attenuated hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced impairments similarly to that of ADMSCs in vivo. Conclusion This study confirmed the protective effect of ADMSCs against ischemic brain injury exerted by suppressing miR-21-3p level and up-regulating MAT2B level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Song Yang
- Song Yang, Department of Emergency, Longnan Hospital of Daqing, No.35 Aiguo Road, Ranghulu District, 163453 Daqing City, China,
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Ding SQ, Chen YQ, Chen J, Wang SN, Duan FX, Shi YJ, Hu JG, Lü HZ. Serum exosomal microRNA transcriptome profiling in subacute spinal cord injured rats. Genomics 2019; 112:2092-2105. [PMID: 31830526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a series of pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). Although, locally expressed miRNAs have advantages in studying the pathological mechanism, they cannot be used as biomarkers. The "free circulation" miRNAs can be used as biomarkers, but they have low concentration and poor stability in body fluids. Exosomal miRNAs in body fluids have many advantages comparing with free miRNAs. Therefore, we hypothesized that the specific miRNAs in the central nervous system might be transported to the peripheral circulation and concentrated in exosomes after injury. Using next-generation sequencing, miRNA profiles in serum exosomes of sham and subactue SCI rats were analyzed. The results showed that SCI can lead to changes of serum exosomal miRNAs. These changed miRNAs and their associated signaling pathways may explain the pathological mechanism of suacute SCI. More importantly, we found some valuable serum exosomal miRNAs for diagnosis and prognosis of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qin Ding
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Qing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Sai-Nan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Fei-Xiang Duan
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Jiao Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.
| | - He-Zuo Lü
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China.
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Ge X, Guo M, Hu T, Li W, Huang S, Yin Z, Li Y, Chen F, Zhu L, Kang C, Jiang R, Lei P, Zhang J. Increased Microglial Exosomal miR-124-3p Alleviates Neurodegeneration and Improves Cognitive Outcome after rmTBI. Mol Ther 2019; 28:503-522. [PMID: 31843449 PMCID: PMC7001001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) is considered to be an important risk factor for long-term neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, which is characterized by β-amyloid abnormalities and impaired cognitive function. Microglial exosomes have been reported to be involved in the transportation, distribution, and clearance of β-amyloid in Alzheimer's disease. However, their impacts on the development of neurodegeneration after rmTBI are not yet known. The role of miRNAs in microglial exosomes on regulating post-traumatic neurodegeneration was investigated in the present study. We demonstrated that miR-124-3p level in microglial exosomes from injured brain was significantly altered in the acute, sub-acute, and chronic phases after rmTBI. In in vitro experiments, microglial exosomes with upregulated miR-124-3p (EXO-124) alleviated neurodegeneration in repetitive scratch-injured neurons. The effects were exerted by miR-124-3p targeting Rela, an inhibitory transcription factor of ApoE that promotes the β-amyloid proteolytic breakdown, thereby inhibiting β-amyloid abnormalities. In mice with rmTBI, the intravenously injected microglial exosomes were taken up by neurons in injured brain. Besides, miR-124-3p in the exosomes was transferred into hippocampal neurons and alleviated neurodegeneration by targeting the Rela/ApoE signaling pathway. Consequently, EXO-124 treatments improved the cognitive outcome after rmTBI, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy for future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Mengtian Guo
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Tianpeng Hu
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Wenzhu Li
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zhenyu Yin
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Fanglian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Luoyun Zhu
- Department of Medical Examination, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chunsheng Kang
- Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Rongcai Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Ping Lei
- Laboratory of Neuro-Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China; Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China.
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MicroRNAs in central nervous system diseases: A prospective role in regulating blood-brain barrier integrity. Exp Neurol 2019; 323:113094. [PMID: 31676317 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Given the essential role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the central nervous system (CNS), cumulative investigations have been performed to elucidate how modulation of BBB structural and functional integrity affects the pathogenesis of CNS diseases such as stroke, traumatic brain injuries, dementia, and cerebral infection. Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to the maintenance of the BBB and thereby mediate CNS homeostasis. This review summarizes emerging studies that demonstrate cerebral miRNAs regulate BBB function in CNS disorders, emphasizing the direct role of miRNAs in BBB molecular composition. Evidence presented in this review will encourage a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate BBB function, and facilitate the development of new miRNAs-based therapies in patients with CNS diseases.
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Zhang X, Cheng Z, Wang L, Jiao B, Yang H, Wang X. MiR-21-3p Centric Regulatory Network in Dairy Cow Mammary Epithelial Cell Proliferation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11137-11147. [PMID: 31532202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-mediated gene regulation is important for the development of the mammary gland and the lactating process. A previous study has shown that the expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) is different in the dry and early lactation period of the dairy cow mammary gland, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the lactation cycle are not fully understood. Here, the function of miR-21-3p on bovine mammary gland epithelial cells (BMECs) was detected by MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis, which showed that miR-21-3p significantly promoted the cell viability and proliferation. Then, the regulating mechanism of miR-21-3p on cell viability and proliferation was elucidated. Dual luciferase assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot results revealed that IGFBP5 was a target gene of miR-21-3p. It was known that lncRNA could act as a competing endogenous RNA to sequester miRNAs and reduce the regulatory effect of miRNA-targeted genes. Based on our previous lncRNA-seq data and bioinformatics analysis, lncRNA NONBTAT017009.2 was potentially associated with miR-21-3p, and its expression was specifically inhibited with the transfection of miR-21-3p mimic into BMECs. Inversely, the overexpression of NONBTAT017009.2 significantly decreased the expression level of miR-21-3p in BMECs, while the expression of IGFBP5, the target gene of miR-21-3p, was significantly upregulated. In addition, the promoter region of miR-21 contained two STAT3 binding sites, and the dual luciferase reporter assays revealed that the overexpression of STAT3 significantly reduced the promoter activity of miR-21, implying that the transcription factor STAT3 may act as an upstream regulator affecting the regulation process of miR-21-3p. The overexpression of STAT3 significantly inhibited the expression of miR-21-3p, while the mRNA expression of IGFBP5 was significantly increased compared with the control group. Besides, there are no STAT3 binding sites in the promoter region of IGFBP5 as we predicted by gene-regulation and JASPAR software. Therefore, it could infer that STAT3 might regulate the expression of IGFBP5 by miR-21-3p. Taken together, these results established a regulatory network of miR-21-3p to illustrate the regulating mechanism on promoting cow mammary epithelial cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Zixi Cheng
- The Middle School Attached to Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710072 , China
| | - Lixian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Beilei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Hua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology , Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
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Chen P, Zhang H, Zhang Q, Zhou W, Deng Y, Hu X, Zhang L. Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Reduces Permeability and Apoptosis of Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells in Response to Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation Followed by Reoxygenation via the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR1)/ERK Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:7191-7201. [PMID: 31551405 PMCID: PMC6778414 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a mechanism in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is expressed in angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and neuronal survival. This study aimed to investigate the role of bFGF in vitro in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) challenged by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). Material/Methods HBMECs were cultured in glucose-free medium and an environment with <0.5% oxygen in an anaerobic chamber. Immunocytochemistry, Western blot, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to measure the protein and mRNA expression levels of bFGF, tight junction, adherens junction, apoptotic proteins, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The effects of bFGF on the viability of HBMECs was evaluated using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using the TUNEL assay, and endothelial permeability was quantified using a transwell migration assay with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated with dextran. The effects of bFGF were evaluated following inhibition of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) with PD173074 and inhibition of ERK with PD98059. Results Following OGD/R of HBMECs, bFGF significantly reduced cell permeability and apoptosis and significantly inhibited the down-regulation of the expressions of proteins associated with tight junctions, adherens junctions, apoptosis and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The effects of bFGF were mediated by the activation of FGFR1 and ERK, as they were blocked by FGFR1 and ERK inhibitors. Conclusions Permeability and apoptosis of HBMECs challenged by OGD/R were reduced by bFGF by activation of the FGFR1 and the ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA), Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland).,Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Hongguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA), Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Qingtao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Yongbing Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Xi Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lianyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center of People's Liberation Army (PLA), Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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Zille M, Ikhsan M, Jiang Y, Lampe J, Wenzel J, Schwaninger M. The impact of endothelial cell death in the brain and its role after stroke: A systematic review. Cell Stress 2019; 3:330-347. [PMID: 31799500 PMCID: PMC6859425 DOI: 10.15698/cst2019.11.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The supply of oxygen and nutrients to the brain is vital for its function and requires a complex vascular network that, when disturbed, results in profound neurological dysfunction. As part of the pathology in stroke, endothelial cells die. As endothelial cell death affects the surrounding cellular environment and is a potential target for the treatment and prevention of neurological disorders, we have systematically reviewed important aspects of endothelial cell death with a particular focus on stroke. After screening 2876 publications published between January 1, 2010 and August 7, 2019, we identified 154 records to be included. We found that endothelial cell death occurs rapidly as well as later after the onset of stroke conditions. Among the different cell death mechanisms, apoptosis was the most widely investigated (92 records), followed by autophagy (20 records), while other, more recently defined mechanisms received less attention, such as lysosome-dependent cell death (2 records) and necroptosis (2 records). We also discuss the differential vulnerability of brain cells to injury after stroke and the role of endothelial cell death in the no-reflow phenomenon with a special focus on the microvasculature. Further investigation of the different cell death mechanisms using novel tools and biomarkers will greatly enhance our understanding of endothelial cell death. For this task, at least two markers/criteria are desirable to determine cell death subroutines according to the recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marietta Zille
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Maulana Ikhsan
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Yun Jiang
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Josephine Lampe
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan Wenzel
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
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Liu J, Ma Z, Ran Z. MiR-21-3p modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis via targeting TGS4 in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:883-889. [PMID: 31330059 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major reason of blindness in the elderly. MicroRNAs are implicated in various pathological processes, including inflammation and apoptosis. In this study, we aim to investigate the biological functions of miR-21-3p in inflammation and apoptosis caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells. The miR-21-3p inhibitor and mimic were transfected into ARPE-19 cells for 48 hours, followed by exposed to LPS (10 μg/mL) for 24 hours. The mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 and MCP-1 were measured using real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Cell viability, apoptosis, caspase 3 activity, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP protein levels were detected to evaluate the effects of miR-21-3p on apoptosis. Additionally, the target relationship between miR-21-3p and regulator of G-protein signalling 4 (RGS4) was verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that LPS induced miR-21-3p expression. Inhibition of miR-21-3p reduced the mRNA and protein levels of IL-6 and MCP-1. Apoptosis, caspase-3 activity, and cleaved-caspase 3 and cleaved PARP protein levels were repressed by the miR-21-3p inhibitor. However, overexpression of miR-21-3p showed the opposite results. Furthermore, we identified that miR-21-3p directly targeted the 3' untranslated region of RGS4. MiR-21-3p negatively regulated the expression of RGS4 both in mRNA and protein levels. Silencing RGS4 reduced the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of miR-21-3p inhibitor. Our results revealed that miR-21-3p inhibition targeted RGS4 to attenuate inflammatory responses and apoptosis caused by LPS in ARPE-19 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhizhong Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenlong Ran
- The Second Department of Ophthalmology, Boding First Central Hospital, Baoding, China
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Mao H, Ding L. Downregulation of miR-21 suppresses 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced neuronal damage in MES23.5 cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2467-2474. [PMID: 31555359 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that overproduction of oxidative stress, increases neuroinflammation and activates apoptosis. These two processes are associated with the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-21 in the development of PD. 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) was used to induce a PD-like model in MES23.5 cells. The results of the reverse transcription-quantitative PCR assays indicated that miR-21 levels were markedly increased in MES23.5 cells following MPP+ treatment. Furthermore, MES23.5 cells were transfected with miR-21 inhibitor, mimics and/or relevant negative control, following MPP+ administration. The results of the functional assays revealed that downregulation of miR-21 significantly attenuated the induction of cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, while it enhanced the survival of MPP+-induced MES23.5 cells. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-21 increased the expression levels of tyrosine hydroxylase, whereas suppression of miR-21 inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α] in MES23.5 cells. Western blot analysis further indicated that the Bcl-2/Bax protein expression ratio was significantly increased and double luciferase assay analysis confirmed that Bcl-2 was a direct target of miR-21. Taken collectively, the data demonstrated that downregulation of miR-21 protected cells from MPP+-mediated cytotoxicity by the inhibition of apoptosis induction, the reduction of the inflammatory response and the suppression of ROS production. The present findings may provide novel approaches for PD clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawu Mao
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225500, P.R. China
| | - Lidong Ding
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225500, P.R. China
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Increases in miR-124-3p in Microglial Exosomes Confer Neuroprotective Effects by Targeting FIP200-Mediated Neuronal Autophagy Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1903-1923. [PMID: 31190315 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02825-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In our recent study, we observed consistent increases in miR-124-3p levels in exosomes derived from cultured BV2 microglia which was treated with repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI) mouse model brain extracts. To clarify the mechanisms underlying increases in microglia-derived exosomal miR-124-3p and their role in regulating neuronal autophagy after TBI, we investigated the impact of exosomal miR-124-3p on neuronal autophagy in scratch-injured HT22 neurons and rTBI mice. We harvested injured brain extracts from rTBI mice at 3 to 21 days post injury (DPI) for the treatment of cultured BV2 microglia in vitro. We observed significant induction of autophagy following TBI in vitro, and that inhibition of activated neuronal autophagy could protect against trauma-induced injury. Our results indicated that co-culture of injured HT22 neurons with miR-124-3p overexpressing BV2 microglia exerted a protective effect by inhibiting neuronal autophagy in scratch-injured neurons. Further research revealed that these effects were achieved mainly via upregulation of exosomal miR-124-3p, and that Focal adhesion kinase family-interacting protein of 200 kDa (FIP200) plays a key role in trauma-induced autophagy. Injection of exosomes into the vena caudalis in in vivo experiments revealed that exosomal miR-124-3p was associated with decreases in the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and improvements in Morris water maze (MWM) test results in rTBI mice. Altogether, our results indicate that increased miR-124-3p in microglial exosomes following TBI may inhibit neuronal autophagy and protect against nerve injury via their transfer into neurons. Thus, treatment with microglial exosomes enriched with miR-124-3p may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of nerve injury after TBI.
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Theis V, Theiss C. Progesterone Effects in the Nervous System. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 302:1276-1286. [PMID: 30951258 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The sex hormone progesterone is mainly known as a key factor in establishing and maintaining pregnancy. In addition, progesterone has been shown to induce morphological changes in the central and peripheral nervous system by increasing dendrito-, spino-, and synaptogenesis in Purkinje cells (Wessel et al.: Cell Mol Life Sci (2014a) 1723-1740) and increasing axonal outgrowth in dorsal root ganglia (Olbrich et al.: Endocrinology (2013) 3784-3795). These effects mediated mainly by the classical progesterone receptors (PRs) A and B seem to be limited to young neurons. It may be assumed that microRNAs (miRNAs), which are potent regulators of nervous system maturation and degeneration, are also involved in the regulation of progesterone-mediated neuronal plasticity by altering the expression patterns of the corresponding PR A/B receptors (Theis and Theiss: Neural Regen Res (2015) 547-549, Pieczora et al.: Cerebellum (2017) 376-387). This review critically discusses current data on the neuroprotective effect of progesterone and its corresponding receptors in the nervous system, with possible regulatory processes by miRNAs. Preclinical studies on stroke and traumatic brain injury revealed neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects of progesterone in the treatment of severe neurological diseases in animal models, but have so far failed in humans. In this context, the identification of specific miRNAs that regulate the expression of progesterone and PR could help to exploit the neuroprotective potential of progesterone for the treatment of various neurological disorders. Anat Rec, 302:1276-1286, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Theis
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Carsten Theiss
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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50
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Yang M, Wang X, Fan Y, Chen Y, Sun D, Xu X, Wang J, Gu G, Peng R, Shen T, Liu X, Li F, Wang Y, Wang D, Rong H, Han Z, Gao X, Li Q, Fan K, Yuan Y, Zhang J. Semaphorin 3A Contributes to Secondary Blood-Brain Barrier Damage After Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:117. [PMID: 30971898 PMCID: PMC6444306 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A) is a member of the Semaphorins family, a class of membrane-associated protein that participates in the construction of nerve networks. SEMA3A has been reported to affect vascular permeability previously, but its influence in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still unknown. To investigate the effects of SEMA3A, we used a mouse TBI model with a controlled cortical impact (CCI) device and a blood–brain barrier (BBB) injury model in vitro with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). We tested post-TBI changes in SEMA3A, and its related receptors (Nrp-1 and plexin-A1) expression and distribution through western blotting and double-immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Neurological outcomes were evaluated by modified neurological severity scores (mNSSs) and beam-walking test. We examined BBB damage through Evans Blue dye extravasation, brain water content, and western blotting for VE-cadherin and p-VE-cadherin in vivo, and we examined the endothelial cell barrier through hopping probe ion conductance microscopy (HPICM), transwell leakage, and western blotting for VE-cadherin and p-VE-cadherin in vitro. Changes in miR-30b-5p were assessed by RT-PCR. Finally, the neuroprotective function of miR-30b-5p is measured by brain water content, mNSSs and beam-walking test. SEMA3A expression varied following TBI and peaked on the third day which expressed approximate fourfold increase compared with sham group, with the protein concentrated at the lesion boundary. SEMA3A contributed to neurological function deficits and secondary BBB damage in vivo. Our results demonstrated that SEMA3A level following OGD injury almost doubled than control group, and the negative effects of OGD injury can be improved by blocking SEMA3A expression. Furthermore, the expression of miR-30b-5p decreased approximate 40% at the third day and 60% at the seventh day post-CCI. OGD injury also exhibited an effect to approximately decrease 50% of miR-30b-5p expression. Additionally, the expression of SEMA3A post-TBI is regulated by miR-30b-5p, and miR-30b-5p could improve neurological outcomes post-TBI efficiently. Our results demonstrate that SEMA3A is a significant factor in secondary BBB damage after TBI and can be abolished by miR-30b-5p, which represents a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yueshan Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqing Chen
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruilong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Shen
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xilei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fanjian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongtao Rong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenying Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangliang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qifeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yuhua Yuan
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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