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Rakasevic D, Marinkovic J, Rakonjac B, Arce M, Joksimovic E, Markovic J, Kulic M, Hadzi-Mihailovic M, Markovic A. Evaluation of photodynamic therapy efficacy vs. conventional antifungal therapy in patients with poor-fitting dentures suffering from denture stomatitis. A prospective clinical study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 45:103913. [PMID: 38049045 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term use of antifungal therapy in denture stomatitis (DS) treatment could be accompanied by antifungal-resistant strain onset, leading to compromised therapeutic procedure and disease reappearance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown the ability to eradicate oral infections and resistance strains. This prospective clinical study aimed to assess the PDT's effectiveness compared to the conventional treatment on clinical and microbiological parameters in patients with DS without denture wear during the treatment and follow-ups. METHODS Forty-two patients diagnosed with DS were randomly assigned to one-session single PDT application (test group) or conventional antifungal therapy (control group). Clinical and microbiological parameters were assessed and analyzed before and at 3rd, 15th, and 30th day following the treatments. Microbiological samples were analyzed by a Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The data was statistically analyzed. RESULTS Prior to the treatment, Candida species, including C. albicans (100%), C. glabrata (33%), C. tropicalis (31%), C. krusei (31%) were isolated in all patients. Both treatment procedures demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in C. albicans at all follow-up time intervals (p < 0.05). However, PDT displayed a statistically significant reduction in C. krusei compared to the conventional treatment at all follow-up periods (p < 0.05). Clinical parameters improved considerably in the test group compared to the control group at the 3rd and 15th day of follow-up. CONCLUSION One-session single PDT application demonstrated significant improvement in both clinical and microbiological outcomes in a short-term period, resulting in complete Candida spp. eradication compared to conventional antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Rakasevic
- Implant and Research Centre, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia; Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jelena Marinkovic
- Institute for Nuclear Science, Vinca, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Rakonjac
- Institute for Microbiology, Medical Military Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marion Arce
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Ena Joksimovic
- Department of Prosthodontic, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Markovic
- Implant and Research Centre, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Kulic
- University Hospital Center "Dr. Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Hadzi-Mihailovic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksa Markovic
- Implant and Research Centre, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
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Alqerban A, Asiri SN, Alghabban R, Alharbi F, Almalki A, Aljhani AS, Bukhary F, Abdelrahim R, Alkhtani F, Samran A. Periodontal, Microbiological, and Proinflammatory Cytokines Levels in Fixed Orthodontics Patients Treated with Photodynamic Therapy Adjunct to Full Mouth Scaling. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:133-139. [PMID: 36927049 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) adjunct to full mouth scaling (FMS) in improving periodontal, microbiological, and proinflammatory cytokines levels in patients undergoing fixed orthodontics treatment (FOT). Materials and methods: The study recruited 60 teenage patients who were undergoing FOT. All the patients were arbitrarily divided into two groups: Group 1, FMS +PDT and Group 2, FMS alone. Plaque scores (PS), bleeding on probing (BOP), and probing depth (PD) were assessed. Levels of biomarkers interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were evaluated. Samples were collected from gingival plaque for estimation of Prevotella intermedia and Porphyromonas gingivalis load. All measurements were completed at three intervals baseline, 4th week, and 8th week. Post Hoc corrections and intergroup comparisons were examined using Student's t-test and Bonferroni correction. To find differences between repeated follow-ups, analysis of variance (ANOVA) multiple rank tests were used. Results: At baseline, all the gingival parameters displayed comparable outcomes between patients of Group 1 and Group 2 (p > 0.05). However, at 4 and 8 weeks of follow-up, PS and BOP among tested groups exhibited significantly lower values than baseline (p < 0.001). At 8 weeks, there was a significant difference in PS between the two groups tested. Moreover, at 4 and 8 weeks, BOP revealed a significant difference between the groups. PD remains comparable with baseline at follow-up visits (p > 0.05). A significant decrease in IL-6 and TNF-α levels was observed in both investigated groups at 4 and 8 weeks of baseline. Moreover, it was identified that P. intermedia and P. gingivalis were reduced significantly at 4 weeks. Moreover, a significant difference existed between both Group 1 and Group 2 at 4 and 8 weeks of recall visit (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The use of photodynamic treatment adjuvant to FMS aids in improving periodontal parameters and cytokines levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alqerban
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed N Asiri
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawda Alghabban
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alharbi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Almalki
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Aljhani
- Department of Dentistry, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Nations Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ferdous Bukhary
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawa Abdelrahim
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alkhtani
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Samran
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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de Carvalho BMDF, Garcia BA, Gomes AKP, Alcantara DD, de Freitas Pontes KM. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as a Technique for Decontamination of Acrylic Resin Devices Provided by Different Dental Laboratories. J Lasers Med Sci 2023; 14:e8. [PMID: 37089770 PMCID: PMC10114022 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2023.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Dentures, occlusal splints, surgical guides and orthodontic appliances are examples of acrylic resin devices made in dental laboratories, which must be disinfected and even sterilized before insertion into the oral cavity. This study evaluated the antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) applied to acrylic resin specimens received from different laboratories. Methods: Three hundred standardized specimens were ordered from six randomly selected laboratories registered in the Council of Dentistry of Ceará (n=50). The PDT consisted in the association of 22 µM erythrosine, as a photosensitizer (P), and a 520-nm LED at 38 J/cm2 (L). The specimens of each laboratory were randomly distributed into five groups: positive control, sterilized with ethylene oxide; negative control, untreated (P-L-); erythrosine control, only stained (P+L-); LED control, only irradiated (P-L+); PDT (P+L+). Then, the specimens were individually sonicated in saline solution; the suspension was diluted, plated on culture mediums (blood agar, sabouraud dextrose agar and a non-selective chromogenic agar), and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C. Colony-forming-unit (CFU) counts were done and statistical tests of Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn were carried out. Results: The specimens from all laboratories were contaminated with bacteria and yeasts. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella and Pseudomonas spp. were identified. The PDT significantly reduced CFU counts (P<0.0001), compared to P-L-. Conclusion: PDT was able to effectively decontaminate the acrylic resin specimens provided from dental laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna Albuquerque Garcia
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida (College of Dentistry), 1395 Center Drive, POBOX 100424 - 62610, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Aghata Kelma Palacio Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Ceará Federal University (UFC), Monsenhor Furtado Street – Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-350, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Danielle Dourado Alcantara
- Dentistry and Nursing, Ceará Federal University (UFC), Monsenhor Furtado Street - Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-350, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Karina Matthes de Freitas Pontes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Ceará Federal University (UFC), Monsenhor Furtado Street – Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-350, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Correspondence to Karina Matthes de Freitas Pontes,
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AlGhamdi AS, Qamar Z, AlSheikh R, Al Hinai MTA, Abdul NS, Aljoghaiman EA, Ali S. Clinical efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy versus topical antifungal agent and surgical excision for the treatment of hyperplastic candidiasis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 41:103258. [PMID: 36592782 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperplastic candidiasis (HC) is a chronic infection of oral mucosa caused by Candida. Owing to its potential for malignant transformation, its intervention requires attention. Conventional surgical resection might lead to irreversible damage and impact the patient's quality of life. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) alone and in combination with topical antifungal therapy (i.e., nystatin [combination therapy]) in comparison with nystatin and surgical resection for the treatment of HC. METHODS Forty subjects with clinical and histopathological diagnoses of HC were included in the study. Four study groups, with 10 participants each, were formed as follows: Group-I - receiving antifungal agent [nystatin]; Group-II - receiving surgical resection; Group-III - receiving PDT; and Group-IV - receiving 5-ALA-mediated PDT and nystatin [combination therapy]. Salivary and mucosal samples were collected for the quantification of Candida albicans and the treatment responses to different interventions were recorded at week-4, week-6, and week-8 after finishing therapies. RESULTS At the 3rd follow-up (i.e., at end of the 8th week after the interventions), complete improvement in 3 (30%), 2 (20%), 1 (10%), and 5 (50%) patients in group-I, group-II, group-III, and group-IV, respectively was observed. A statistically significant difference was obtained when the intervention responses were compared at week-4 (p<0.01), week-6 (p<0.01), and week-8 (p<0.0001) follow-ups in group-I, group-II, and group-IV subjects. At the 8-week follow-up regarding the salivary and mucosal samples, the lowest colony-forming units/milliliter score of C. albicans was observed in group-IV subjects. CONCLUSION The application of 5-ALA-mediated PDT in combination with nystatin gel possesses the potential as a well-tolerated and safe therapeutic modality for the treatment of patients with HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- AbdulRahman Saeed AlGhamdi
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zeeshan Qamar
- Department of O&MFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha AlSheikh
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muntasar Talib Ali Al Hinai
- Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat Oman
| | - Nishath Sayed Abdul
- Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences (Oral Pathology), Faculty of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Ahmed Aljoghaiman
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Qahtani MA. Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in disinfection of Candida biofilms on acrylic dentures: A systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:102980. [PMID: 35809827 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this systematic review was to critically analyze and summarize the currently available scientific evidence concerning antifungal efficacy of aPDT against Candida on acrylic surface. METHODS The focused question was: '"Is aPDT effective in minimizing the counts of Candida on acrylic dentures". A literature search was conducted interpedently on the following electronic research databases: PubMED/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Google Scholar and Embase. The MeSH terms used were: ((antimicrobial photodynamic therapy) OR (light) OR (laser) OR (photodynamic)) AND ((Candida) OR (denture stomatitis)) AND ((denture) OR (acrylic) OR (polymethylmethacrylate) OR (dental prosthesis)). Data was extracted from the studies and quality assessment was carried out using a modified version of the CONSORT checklist. RESULTS Eighteen in-vitro anti-microbial studies and 5 clinical studies were included. Twenty-two studies suggested that aPDT was effective in reducing the Candida count on acrylic dentures and one study did not have a significant effect. 19 out of 23 studies were graded as having 'medium' quality and 4 studies were graded as 'high'. Several photosensitizers, including methylene blue, porphyrin derivatives, toluidine blue-O and others were used. LED was the most popular light source used for photo-activation of the photosensitizers. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this review, aPDT is effective in reducing Candida growth on acrylic dentures and may prove to be clinical effective in preventing or treating denture stomatitis. However, more long-term clinical research is required before its clinical efficacy can be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ayedh Al-Qahtani
- Prosthetic Dental Science department, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
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AlHamdan EM. Soft Denture liner and microbial disinfection with contemporary and conventional agents. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102768. [PMID: 35183780 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to assess the effect of PDT, herbal and chemical disinfectants on the dental pathogen adherence to soft denture liner colonized with E. coli, C. Albicans, S.aureus, and S. mutans. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 20 samples of soft-lined removable acrylic complete dentures were fabricated and subjected to the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) for the inoculation of E.coli, C.albicans, S.mutans and S.aureus in an in-vitro setup. The samples were then randomly divided into four groups and immersed in group 1: 5 µm of Rose Bengal (RB), group 2: Neem extract, group 3: Tea tree oil (TTO), and group 4: 0.12% CHX solutions respectively. Statistical analysis was accomplished by the SPSS 10 statistical software for Windows at a significance level p< 0.05. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test were used to analyze the data and compare the means and standard deviation values of CFU/mL (log10) for exposed E. coli, C. albicans, S aureus, and S. mutans. RESULTS Intragroup comparison indicated E.coli and C.albicans did not unveil a decrease in reduction CFU/mL (log10) when SDL irradiated with RB 5 µm. Whereas, CFU/mL (log10) values of S.aureus; 2.62±0.68 CFU/mL and S.mutans: 3.41±0.13 CFU/mL plunged significantly (p<0.05). Likewise, S. aureus and S. mutans CFU/mL (log10) strain values display reduction when treated with all four disinfectants while the count of C.albicans unveiled a significant plunge with CHX, TTO and neem extract except RB (p<0.05) CONCLUSION: 0.12% CHX and TTO have enhanced antimicrobial efficacy in reducing adhered bacterial colonies of E.coli, C.albicans, S.aureus, and S.mutans (CFU)/mL on a denture soft liner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M AlHamdan
- Prosthetic Dental Science Department, College Of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Alkahtani F. Efficacy of chemical and Photoactivated disinfectants against Candida Albicans and assessment of hardness, roughness, and mass loss of acrylic denture base resin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102911. [PMID: 35595187 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of hematoporphyrin derivative, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), glutaraldehyde (GaH), and a chlorhexidine (CHX) on mass loss (ML), microhardness, and surface roughness (Ra) of acrylic denture base colonized with C. Albicans. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 40 heat cure acrylic resin dentures were fabricated and inoculated by the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) of C. Albicans in an in-vitro situation. Specimens were divided into four groups (n=10) based on the method of disinfection. Hematoporphyrin derivatives, 1% NaOCl, 2% GaH, and 4% CHX.The pre and post candida (CFU/ml) counts were recorded before and after immersion. ML, microhardness, and Ra of acrylic denture were also assessed. Statistical analysis was executed for CFU/mL (log10) for exposed C. Albicans by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple tests (p>0.05). For normality of the data, Dunnet's Simultaneous test was performed. RESULTS In terms of candida strain analysis, pretreatment to posttreatment comparisons revealed a reduction in mean Candida count in all groups (p<0.05). The highest ML value after post candida disinfection of acrylic denture was observed in 2% GaH (1.587 ± 0.25) treated specimens. The least microhardness value was found in group 1 when treated with hematoporphyrin (0.97 ± 0.22 VHN) which was significantly different from other groups (p<0.05). Group 1 surface treated with hematoporphyrin derivate (1.84 ± 0.22 μm) showed the highest Ra values (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Acrylic denture base resin colonized with C. Albicans when treated with a chemical disinfectant of 4% chlorhexidine displayed the highest antimicrobial efficacy with reduced mass loss, less surface roughness, and maximum denture hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alkahtani
- Department of prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
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Tulbah HI. Anticandidal efficacy on Polymide based denture resin using Photodynamic therapy, chemical and herbal disinfectants and their effect on surface roughness and hardness. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102874. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Alqahtani MA. Decontamination of a siloxane impression material by using 5-aminolevulinic acid activated by Photodynamic therapy, microwave irradiation, and hydrogen peroxide. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102867. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Efficacy of contemporary agents on disinfection and surface roughness of polyetheretherketone implant abutments. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102798. [PMID: 35276345 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study was designed to estimate the disinfection and surface roughness (Ra) of colonized (E. coli, C. albicans, S.aureus, and S. mutans) PEEK implant abutment disinfected with PDT, chemical, and herbal agents. MATERIAL AND METHODS The American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) inoculated E.coli, C.albicans, S.mutans, and S.aureus in an in-vitro scenario using 60 PEEK implant abutment samples provided by the manufacturer. Following that, the samples were distributed in four disinfection methods categories - group 1: 5mM Rose Bengal PS (RB), group 2: ultrasonic disinfection (UD), group 3: 2% glutaraldehyde (GaH), and group 4: tea tree oil (TTO). To scrutinize the data and compare the means and standard deviations of CFU/mL (log10) for exposed E. coli, Candida albicans, S.aureus, and S.mutans, a two-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test were performed. RESULTS Specimens treated with 2% GaH, UD, and TTO validated a significant reduction in E. coli, C. albicans, S aureus, and S. mutans CFU/mL (log10) colonies. Intragroup assessment designated that there is no reduction in CFU/mL (log10) of E.coli and C.albicans when PEEK implant abutment specimens are irradiated with 5Mm RB. A decline is seen in values of S. aureus, and S. mutans microbial strains on treatment with all four cleansers while the computation of C.albicans and E.coli colonies unveiled significant reduction with GaH, UD, and TTO except RB (p<0.05). The results of Ra showed that PEEK fabricated implant abutment specimens, when treated with UD (3.472±0.561μm), displayed a significantly higher Ra value as compared to other analyzed cleansing methods. CONCLUSION . Disinfection with 2% glutaraldehyde and Tea tree oil showed maximum antimicrobial efficacy and lower Ra values for PEEK implant abutments colonized with bacterial strains of E.coli, C.albicans, S.aureus, and S.mutans.
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Radicular canal disinfection using Photodynamic therapy and Sodium Hypochlorite following three chelating agents’ green tea extract, grape extract, and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on the push-out bond strength of epoxy resin-based sealer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Firoozi P, Farshidfar N, Fekrazad R. Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy compared to nystatin therapy in reducing Candida colony count in patients with Candida-associated denture stomatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent 2021. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1038/s41432-021-0208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Firoozi P, Farshidfar N, Fekrazad R. Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy compared to nystatin therapy in reducing Candida colony count in patients with Candida-associated denture stomatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent 2021:10.1038/s41432-021-0208-9. [PMID: 34862461 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-021-0208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This meta-analysis assessed the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) compared to conventional nystatin therapy (NYT) in reducing Candida colony count in patients with Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS) and critically appraised the available literature.Methods This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) updated guidelines. A literature search was performed in four electronic databases to identify relevant articles up to 15 August 2021. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the efficacy of aPDT compared to NYT in reducing Candida colony count in patients with CADS were investigated. The weighted mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval were calculated. The I2 statistic was used to determine heterogeneity at the level of α = 0.10. The Cochrane risk of bias (RoB 2) tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Certainty of the evidence was determined using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) ranking system.Results Only three eligible RCTs with 141 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on the pooled results, NYT compared to aPDT generally performed better in reducing Candida colony count (Log10 CFU/mL) in patients' palate and patients' denture. The included studies had a moderate risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence was low.Conclusion Although still inconclusive, based on the current evidence, aPDT may be effective in reducing Candida colony count and treating CADS. Nonetheless, it does not appear to be more effective than conventional NYT in this regard. According to the limited number of included studies, more well-designed RCTs with larger sample sizes and standardised methodology should be conducted to validate this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Firoozi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Nima Farshidfar
- Orthodontic Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Professor of Radiation Sciences Research Centre, Laser Research Centre in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Wang D, Kuzma ML, Tan X, He TC, Dong C, Liu Z, Yang J. Phototherapy and optical waveguides for the treatment of infection. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114036. [PMID: 34740763 PMCID: PMC8665112 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With rapid emergence of multi-drug resistant microbes, it is imperative to seek alternative means for infection control. Optical waveguides are an auspicious delivery method for precise administration of phototherapy. Studies have shown that phototherapy is promising in fighting against a myriad of infectious pathogens (i.e. viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa) including biofilm-forming species and drug-resistant strains while evading treatment resistance. When administered via optical waveguides, phototherapy can treat both superficial and deep-tissue infections while minimizing off-site effects that afflict conventional phototherapy and pharmacotherapy. Despite great therapeutic potential, exact mechanisms, materials, and fabrication designs to optimize this promising treatment option are underexplored. This review outlines principles and applications of phototherapy and optical waveguides for infection control. Research advances, challenges, and outlook regarding this delivery system are rigorously discussed in a hope to inspire future developments of optical waveguide-mediated phototherapy for the management of infection and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingbowen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Michelle Laurel Kuzma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Xinyu Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Academy of Orthopedics, Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Cheng Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Successful treatment of chronic hyperplastic candidiasis with 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy: A case report. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 37:102633. [PMID: 34798345 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis (CHC) is a chronic oral mucosal infection caused by Candida. Refractory hyperplastic lesions may lead to epithelial dysplasia and carcinogenesis. Traditional surgical resection may cause irreversible damage and effect the patient's quality of life. This paper reports the case of a 63-year-old man with CHC. After routine treatment, local hyperplastic lesions remained. Photodynamic therapy with ALA was applied to the hyperplastic lesions and yielded satisfactory results, with no recurrence at 1 year. This case report describes a promising, effective method for the treatment of CHC.
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16
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Ziental D, Mlynarczyk DT, Czarczynska-Goslinska B, Lewandowski K, Sobotta L. Photosensitizers Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation against Fungi. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112883. [PMID: 34835655 PMCID: PMC8621466 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Superficial and systemic fungal infections are essential problems for the modern health care system. One of the challenges is the growing resistance of fungi to classic antifungals and the constantly increasing cost of therapy. These factors force the scientific world to intensify the search for alternative and more effective methods of treatment. This paper presents an overview of new fungal inactivation methods using Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT). The results of research on compounds from the groups of phenothiazines, xanthanes, porphyrins, chlorins, porphyrazines, and phthalocyanines are presented. An intensive search for a photosensitizer with excellent properties is currently underway. The formulation based on the existing ones is also developed by combining them with nanoparticles and common antifungal therapy. Numerous studies indicate that fungi do not form any specific defense mechanism against PACT, which deems it a promising therapeutic alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ziental
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (D.Z.); (K.L.)
| | - Dariusz T. Mlynarczyk
- Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Beata Czarczynska-Goslinska
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Konrad Lewandowski
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (D.Z.); (K.L.)
| | - Lukasz Sobotta
- Chair and Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (D.Z.); (K.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Denture Stomatitis Revisited: A Summary of Systematic Reviews in the Past Decade and Two Case Reports of Papillary Hyperplasia of Unusual Locations. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:7338143. [PMID: 34691183 PMCID: PMC8528609 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7338143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Denture stomatitis is a mucosal condition associated with complete and partial removable dentures. This paper presents a short review of the literature on this topic with more emphasis on the treatment protocols of denture stomatitis as studied in recent systematic reviews. Methods A general review of the literature was carried out in the first part of this paper, and then the most recent systematic reviews on the treatment protocols of denture stomatitis were summarized. Results Fifteen systematic reviews were collected and classified into six main treatment protocols. Conclusions Dentist knowledge of up-to-date treatment options of denture stomatitis will assist comprehensive treatment planning. However, the newer methods of denture disinfection need further studies before recommendation.
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Al-Saleh S, Albaqawi AH, Alrawi F, Tulbah HI, Al-Qahtani AS, Heer E, Nisar SS, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. Effectiveness of synthetic and natural photosensitizers and different chemical disinfectants on the contaminated metal crown. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102601. [PMID: 34699981 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Al-Saleh
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, PO Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia..
| | - Ahmed Heji Albaqawi
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, 55476, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Feras Alrawi
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, PO Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda I Tulbah
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia..
| | - Amal S Al-Qahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia..
| | - Emal Heer
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr Ishrat Ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Sadaf Nisar
- Department of Science of Dental Material, Dow International Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University; Research Chair for Biological Research in Dental Health, College of Dentistry, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University; Research Chair for Biological Research in Dental Health, College of Dentistry, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
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19
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AlHamdan EM, Al-Saleh S, Nisar SS, Alshiddi I, Alqahtani AS, Alzahrani KM, Naseem M, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. Efficacy of porphyrin derivative, Chlorhexidine and PDT in the surface disinfection and roughness of Cobalt chromium alloy removable partial dentures. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102515. [PMID: 34469796 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different cleansers and photodynamic therapy (PDT) on disinfection of Co/Cr removable partial denture colonized with C. albicans, S.aureus and S.mutans. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-five Co/Cr removable partial dentures were constructed. and inoculated by American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) of Candida albicans, S.aureus, and S.mutans in an in-vitro setup. Co/Cr removable partial dentures were randomly allocated into five groups and framework was immersed in 15 mL of contaminated culture medium broth. Based on the cleansing method, disinfected dentures in group 1 were cleansed with porphyrin derivative; group 2 was exposed to 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate; samples in group 3 and group 4 were subjected to sodium perborate enzyme and citric acid respectively. Through a surface analyzer, the surface roughness of Co/Cr and methacrylate resin was measured in 3 different zones in micrometers before and after disinfection. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test was used to analyze the data. Levene test was used to assess the normal distribution of data. Significance level p< 0.05 RESULTS: The results of metal roughness displayed that Co/Cr used as an alloy did not exhibit significant difference when exposed to different chemical disinfectants and photosensitizer (p > 0.05). Similarly, surface roughness (Ra) of heat polymerized acrylic resin using cleansers and PDT demonstrated no significant difference. Intergroup comparison showed that, hematoporphyrin derivative displayed comparable cleansing property against S. aureus, C.albicans, and S. mutans compared to to 0.12% CHX digluconate (p>0.05). The intragroup comparison showed hematoporphyrin derivative and CHX were equally effective against all bacteria (p>0.05). CONCLUSION CHX digluconate and hematoporphyrin derivative demonstrated high antimicrobial activity against S.aureus, S.mutans, and C.albicans with minimum Ra of an acrylic denture and Co/Cr metallic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M AlHamdan
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Samar Al-Saleh
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O.Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sidra Sadaf Nisar
- Department of Science of Dental materials, Dow International Dental College.
| | - Ibraheem Alshiddi
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O.Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulaziz S Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O.Box 21069, Riyadh 11475, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled M Alzahrani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental sciences, College of Dentistry Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz University, 11942 Alkharj Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Department of Community and Preventive Dental Sciences, Dow University of dental Sciences Dow International Dental College.
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Department of Posthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud Uiversity; Engr. Abdullah Bugshan research chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, king Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Department of Posthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud Uiversity; Engr. Abdullah Bugshan research chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, king Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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20
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Alshehri AH. Mechanical and antimicrobial effects of riboflavin-mediated photosensitization of in vitro C. albicans formed on polymethyl methacrylate resin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102488. [PMID: 34416382 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study assessed the potential of riboflavin-mediated photodynamic therapy (RF-PDT) against Candida albicans (C. albicans) and compared the effects of RF-PDT with other therapeutic modalities in terms of mechanical and surface characteristics of acrylic denture base material. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molds (10 × 10 × 2 mm) of acrylic resin specimens were prepared and underwent artificial ageing. C. albicans were grown aerobically over the specimens and divided into four groups (n = 10/group); Group-I: no decontamination; Group-II: nystatin suspension; Group-III: riboflavin 0.1% in darkness, Group-IV: blue LED light only, and Group-V: riboflavin 0.1% for 10 minutes (pre-irradiation time) and photoactivated by the blue LED light (light dose). Fungal viability was assessed using MTT assay and characterized using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser microscopy (CLSM). Treated specimens were subjected to surface roughness (Ra), flexural strength (FS), and flexural modulus (FM). RESULTS Group-I showed the highest C. albicans viability followed by Group-III. Nystatin group (Group-II) showed ∼50% of the viability while RF-PDT showed the least C. albicans viability among the four groups (p<0.05). On SEM, specimens treated with Group-IV and V showed almost clear and free from C. albicans that was evidenced on CLSM. Post-treated specimens and storage after 72 h revealed that FS was significantly higher for RF-PDT group as compared to any other group (>105.82 MPa) (p<0.05). The FM and Ra showed statistically no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION RF-PDT showed the highest anti-fungal capacity against C. albicans over acrylic denture surface without any surface deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkarim Hussain Alshehri
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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21
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A Warp-Knitted Light-Emitting Fabric-Based Device for In Vitro Photodynamic Therapy: Description, Characterization, and Application on Human Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164109. [PMID: 34439263 PMCID: PMC8394325 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary While photodynamic therapy appears to be a promising approach to treating cancers, the complexity of its parameters prevents wide acceptance. Accurate light dose measurement is one of the keys to photodynamic effect assessment, but it remains challenging when comparing different technologies. This work provides a complete demonstration of the technical performance of a homemade optical device, based on knitted light-emitting fabrics, called CELL-LEF. Thermal and optical distributions and related safeties are investigated. The results are discussed in relation to the requirements of photodynamic therapy. The usability of CELL-LEF is investigated on human cancer cell lines as a proof of concept. This study highlights that new light-emitting fabric-based technologies can be relevant light sources for in vitro photodynamic therapy studies of tomorrow. Abstract Photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to be a promising strategy in biomedical applications. However, the complexity of its parameters prevents wide acceptance. This work presents and characterizes a novel optical device based on knitted light-emitting fabrics and dedicated to in vitro PDT involving low irradiance over a long illumination period. Technical characterization of this device, called CELL-LEF, is performed. A cytotoxic study of 5-ALA-mediated PDT on human cancer cell lines is provided as a proof of concept. The target of delivering an irradiance of 1 mW/cm2 over 750 cm2 is achieved (mean: 0.99 mW/cm2; standard deviation: 0.13 mW/cm2). The device can maintain a stable temperature with the mean thermal distribution of 35.1 °C (min: 30.7 °C; max: 38.4 °C). In vitro outcomes show that 5-ALA PDT using CELL-LEF consistently and effectively induced a decrease in tumor cell viability: Almost all the HepG2 cells died after 80 min of illumination, while less than 60% of U87 cell viability remained. CELL-LEF is suitable for in vitro PDT involving low irradiance over a long illumination period.
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22
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Alhenaki AM, Alqarawi FK, Tanveer SA, Alshahrani FA, Alshahrani A, AlHamdan EM, Alzahrani KM, Aldahiyan N, Naseem M, Vohra F, Abduljabbar T. Disinfection of acrylic denture resin polymer with Rose Bengal, Methylene blue and Porphyrin derivative in photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102362. [PMID: 34062305 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to assess the effect of in-vitro chlorhexidine and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) disinfection protocols against acrylic resin specimens colonized with S. mutans, S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans. MATERIAL AND METHODS Reference strains of S. mutans, S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans were tested. Sixteen blocks of acrylic specimens were prepared by heat-cure acrylic resin and contaminated by in-vitro biofilm growth. Specimens in group 1, group 2 and group 3 were treated with Rose Bengal (RB), methylene blue (MB) 500 mg/L and porphyrin derivative (PD) 5 ml respectively, for the sensitization of biofilms. All photosensitizers (PS) were activated by LED at different wavelength. CHX was prepared in sterile distilled water and applied for 60 s. Each contaminated specimen was sprayed on all its surfaces with the aforementioned photosensitizers and control CHX. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) model was used to test the effect of the treatments and Tukey multiple comparison tests to compare means OF CFU/mL (log10) for exposed E. coli, C. albicans, S aureus, and S. mutans RESULTS: Specimens treated with 0.12% CHX (control) demonstrated a significant reduction in CFU/mL (log10) for exposed E. coli; 2.04±0.07 CFU/mL, C. albicans; 2.09±0.85 CFU/mL, S aureus; 3.04±0.11 CFU/mL, and S. mutans; 2.54±0.91 CFU/mL. The intragroup comparison revealed E.coli did not exhibit a decrease in reduction CFU/mL (log10) when acrylic resin irradiated with RB 5 µm. Whereas, CFU/mL (log10) values of S.aureus; 3.62±0.68 and S.mutans; 3.41±0.13 plummeted (p<0.05). Intergroup comparison showed E.coli values to display comparable reduction when disinfected with MB 500 mg/L and 0.12% CHX; 3.16±0.34 and 2.04±0.07 CFU/mL (log10) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Photosensitizers (RB, MB, PD) are selective in reducing bacterial count on acrylic resin blocks. CHX was found to be effective against all bacteria E.coli, C.albicans, S.aureus, and S.mutans at a concentration of 0.12%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasem M Alhenaki
- Prosthetic Dental Science Department, College Of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Firas K Alqarawi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Syeda A Tanveer
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Dow international Dental College. Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Faris A Alshahrani
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah Alshahrani
- Prosthetic Dental Science Department, College Of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Eman M AlHamdan
- Prosthetic Dental Science Department, College Of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled M Alzahrani
- Department of Prosthetic Dental sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz University, 11942 Alkharj Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nada Aldahiyan
- Post-Graduate Student. Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Department of Community and Preventive Dental sciences, Dow International Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Fahim Vohra
- Prosthetic Dental Science Department, College Of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tariq Abduljabbar
- Prosthetic Dental Science Department, College Of Dentistry, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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23
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Choe R, Balhaddad AA, Fisher JP, Melo MAS, Huang HC. Photodynamic Therapy for Biomodulation and Disinfection in Implant Dentistry: Is It Feasible and Effective? Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:916-929. [PMID: 33876438 DOI: 10.1111/php.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dental implants are the most common rehabilitation and restorative treatment used to replace missing teeth. Biofilms adhere to implant surfaces to trigger implant-associated infection and inflammatory response. Clinically, the biofilm induces a local host response with the infiltration of phagocytic immune cells. The pro-inflammatory surroundings set off osteoclastogenesis, which leads to the septic loosening of the implant. The standard of dental care for implant-associated infection relies on a combination of surgery and antimicrobial therapy. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy is a noninvasive and photochemistry-based approach capable of reducing bacterial load and modulating inflammatory responses. In this review, we explore the photobiomodulation and disinfection outcomes promoted by photodynamic therapy for implant infections, highlighting the quality of evidence on the most up-to-date studies, and discuss the major challenges on the advance of these therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Choe
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Abdulrahman A Balhaddad
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - John P Fisher
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Mary Anne S Melo
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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24
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Lavaee F, Yousefi M, Haddadi P. Comparison of the fungicidal efficacy of photodynamic therapy with methylene blue, silver nanoparticle, and their conjugation on oral Candida isolates using cell viability assay. Curr Med Mycol 2021; 6:35-40. [PMID: 34195458 PMCID: PMC8226044 DOI: 10.18502/cmm.6.4.5332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of common photodynamic therapy and photodynamic therapy by the silver nanoparticle, methylene blue, and their combination on biofilm and plankton cells of standard oral Candida isolates using cell viability assay. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, biofilm and plankton cells of Candida species(i.e. C .albicans and C. parapsilosis) and plankton cells of Candida glabrata were treated with methylene blue, silver nanoparticle, and their combination once alone and then with the irradiation of total dose of 1.92 J/cm² for 60 sec. The minimum inhibitory concentration and antifungal activity of each approach were evaluated using the XTT assay. Results: After photodynamic therapy, methylene blue showed antifungal effect only on Candida albicans, while the antifungal effect of silver nanoparticles was increased on all Candida species. On the other hand, photodynamic therapy with the combination of methylene blue and silver nanoparticles did not have any effect on C. albicans. However, it reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration value of C. parapsilosis, and the most antifungal effect was observed on C. glabrata. Conclusion: Photodynamic therapy with photosensitizers can serve as a treatment modality in Candida infections of the oral cavity. Antifungal effect of photodynamic therapy was strain- and photosensitizer-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Lavaee
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Motahare Yousefi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pardis Haddadi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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25
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Huang JJ, Yu H, Hong G, Cheng H, Zheng M. Antifungal effect of tea extracts on Candida albicans. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:664-669. [PMID: 32249233 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Determining whether tea extracts are effective in removing Candida albicans (C. albicans) from dentures is of interest. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal effect of tea extracts on C. albicans. One green tea (Anji white tea, AGW) and 2 oolong teas (Tie Guan Yin, TGY; Da Hong Pao, DHP) of different concentrations were tested. C. albicans suspensions were inoculated on the plates and the numbers of colony-forming units (CFU) in the culture medium were used to screen for the optimum tea extracts. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens that contained C. albicans biofilms were then treated with the tea extracts and the numbers of CFU were counted. The antifungal activities of the tea extracts were not significantly correlated with their catechin concentrations. Although AGW at 10.0 mg/mL and DHP at 2.5 mg/mL significantly inhibited C. albicans in the culture medium, the extracts failed to exert inhibitory effects against C. albicans biofilms on the PMMA surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University.,Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Guang Hong
- Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University.,Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University
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Binns R, Li W, Wu CD, Campbell S, Knoernschild K, Yang B. Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on
Candida albicans Biofilm
on Poly(methylmethacrylate) Resin. J Prosthodont 2020; 29:686-692. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Randold Binns
- Department of Restorative Dentistry College of Dentistry, UIC Chicago IL
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry College of Dentistry, UIC Chicago IL
| | - Christine D. Wu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry College of Dentistry, UIC Chicago IL
| | - Stephen Campbell
- Department of Restorative Dentistry College of Dentistry, UIC Chicago IL
| | - Kent Knoernschild
- Department of Restorative Dentistry College of Dentistry, UIC Chicago IL
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Restorative Dentistry College of Dentistry, UIC Chicago IL
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Tsutsumi-Arai C, Arai Y, Terada-Ito C, Takebe Y, Ide S, Umeki H, Tatehara S, Tokuyama-Toda R, Wakabayashi N, Satomura K. Effectiveness of 405-nm blue LED light for degradation of Candida biofilms formed on PMMA denture base resin. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 34:1457-1464. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02751-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Merigo E, Chevalier M, Conti S, Ciociola T, Fornaini C, Manfredi M, Vescovi P, Doglio A. Antimicrobial effect on Candida albicans biofilm by application of different wavelengths and dyes and the synthetic killer decapeptide KP. Laser Ther 2019; 28:180-186. [PMID: 32009731 DOI: 10.5978/islsm.28_19-or-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the application in vitro of different laser wavelengths at a low fluence in combination or not with proper photosensitizing dyes on Candida albicans biofilm with or without a synthetic killer decapeptide (KP). Candida albicans SC5314 was grown on Sabouraud dextrose agar plates at 37°C for 24 h. Cells were suspended in RPMI 1640 buffered with MOPS and cultured directly on the flat bottom of 96-wells plates. The previously described killer decapeptide KP was used in this study. Three different combinations of wavelengths and dyes were applied, laser irradiation has been performed at a fluence of 10 J/cm2. The effect on C. albicans biofilm was evaluated by the XTT assay. Microscopic observations were realized by fluorescence optic microscopy with calcofluor white and propidium iodide. Compared with control, no inhibition of C. albicans biofilm viability was obtained with application of red, blue and green lasers alone or with any combination of red diode laser, toluidine blue and KP. The combined application of blue diode laser with curcumin and/or KP showed always a very significant inhibition, as curcumin alone and the combination of curcumin and KP did, while combination of blue diode laser and KP gave a less significant inhibition, the same obtained with KP alone. The combined application of green diode laser with erythrosine and/or KP showed always a very significant inhibition, as the combination of erythrosine and KP did, but no difference was observed with respect to the treatment with erythrosine alone. Again, combination of green diode laser and KP gave a significant inhibition, although paradoxically lower than the one obtained with KP alone. Treatment with KP alone, while reducing biofilm viability did not cause C. albicans death in the adopted experimental conditions. On the contrary, combined treatment with blue laser, curcumin and KP, as well as green laser, erythrosine and KP led to death most C. albicans cells. The combination of laser light at a fluence of 10 J/cm2 and the appropriate photosensitizing agent, together with the use of KP, proved to exert differential effects on C. albicans biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Merigo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy.,Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Marlène Chevalier
- Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Stefania Conti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Tecla Ciociola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Fornaini
- Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.,Group of Applied ElectroMagnetics, Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Vescovi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Alain Doglio
- Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
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Cernáková L, Dižová S, Bujdáková H. Employment of methylene blue irradiated with laser light source in photodynamic inactivation of biofilm formed by Candida albicans strain resistant to fluconazole. Med Mycol 2018; 55:748-753. [PMID: 28053149 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myw137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A promising approach for the eradication of biofilm formed by the yeast Candida albicans seems to be photodynamic inactivation (PDI). This work presents a use of methylene blue (MB, 1 mM) irradiated with a red laser (output power 190 mW/cm2, wavelength 660 nm) for the eradication of a biofilm formed by the fluconazole-resistant (FLC-resistant) strain C. albicans CY 1123 compared to the standard strain C. albicans SC5314. The periods of irradiation corresponded to the fluence of 15, 23 and 57 J/cm2. Effectiveness of PDI was evident with following percentage of survived biofilm cells: 24.57, 23.46, and 22.29% for SC5314 and 40.28, 17.91, and 5.89% for CY 1123, respectively, compared to the samples without irradiation. Light and confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed the effectiveness of PDI. However, the morphological form of C. albicans seems to play an important role as well, since prolonged duration of irradiation did not increase efficiency of PDI on C. albicans SC5314. An experiment with the yeast-to-hyphae transition revealed that the FLC-resistant strain expressed a markedly reduced capacity to form hyphae compared to SC5314. We summarized that PDI was effective on biofilm formed by the FLC-resistant strain, but resistance most likely did not play significant role in PDI. Additionally, we observed differences in susceptibility to PDI between biofilms composed of the mycelia and only of the yeasts, and finally, the employment of a laser in PDI enabled a decreasing period of irradiation while maintaining the high effectiveness of PDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cernáková
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislava Dižová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Helena Bujdáková
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Curcumin-mediated Photodynamic Therapy for the treatment of oral infections-A review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 21:409-415. [PMID: 29378256 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidences show the promising applications of Curcumin (CUR) against different diseases, including some of the main oral pathologies. The objective of this review paper was to catalog articles that investigated the photodynamic effect of CUR for oral diseases in the last 15 years. METHODS The establishment of defined criteria for data collection was proposed and a total of 173 articles were identified, but only 26 were eligible for full text reading. Their main findings were critically reviewed to provide a state-of-the-art overview of the use of CUR in Dentistry. RESULTS Antimicrobial potential of CUR was the subject of the majority of the articles. CUR showed great potential for photodynamic action against oral bacteria, fungi, and strains resistant to conventional drugs. Some authors indicated the efficacy of CUR-mediated Photodynamic Therapy to reduce tumor cells while others observed low cytotoxicity in mammalian cells and healthy oral mucosa. However, CUR solubility and stability is still a problem for the photodynamic technique, and to overcome these drawbacks, biocompatible vehicles need to be better explored. CONCLUSIONS Investigations have used different CUR concentrations and formulations, as well as different light parameters. This fact, together with the lack of in vivo studies, clearly shows that clinical protocols have not been established yet. Investigations are necessary in order to establish the best concentrations and safe vehicles to be used for this technique.
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Botta SB, Ana PA, Gonçalves MLL, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, de Araújo Prates R, Brugnera A, Bussadori SK. Photodynamic Therapy Associated with a Blue Dye Papain-Based Gel and Evaluation of Its Degradation of Type I Collagen Fibers. Photomed Laser Surg 2018; 36:100-104. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Brossi Botta
- Postgraduate Program, Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Aparecida Ana
- Engineering Center, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Sao Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Renato de Araújo Prates
- Postgraduate Program, Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aldo Brugnera
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT “Basic Optics Applied to Life Sciences,” IFSC, USP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program, Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sanitá PV, Pavarina AC, Dovigo LN, Ribeiro APD, Andrade MC, Mima EGDO. Curcumin-mediated anti-microbial photodynamic therapy against Candida dubliniensis biofilms. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 33:709-717. [PMID: 29134404 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2382-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-microbial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) mediated by curcumin (Cur) associated with LED light against biofilms of Candida dubliniensis, and further, investigate cellular uptake and drug penetration through the biofilms under confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Four C. dubliniensis strains were tested: three clinical isolates from HIV-positive patients and one reference strain (CBS 7987). Biofilms were treated with three Cur concentrations (20.0, 30.0, and 40.0 μM). All samples were incubated in the dark for 20 min and exposed to a 5.28 J/cm2 of LED light fluence. Additional samples of each strain were treated either with Cur or LED light only. Control samples had neither Cur nor light. After aPDT, results were read using the XTT salt reduction method. The data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Games-Howell post-hoc test (α = 0.05). Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to verify both the uptake of Cur by yeast cells and its penetration through the biofilm. The results showed that aPDT promoted significant reduction on the metabolism of the biofilm-organized cells of C. dubliniensis. Further, while Cur was rapidly taken up by C. dubliniensis cells, a longer time interval was required to allow Cur penetration into biofilm cells. Based on these results, aPDT associating LED and Cur presents promising potential on fungal control of biofilms of C. dubliniensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Volpato Sanitá
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, n° 1680, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Pavarina
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, n° 1680, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Lívia Nordi Dovigo
- Department of Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, 1680, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dias Ribeiro
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Center Dr. 1395, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mariana Carvalho Andrade
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, n° 1680, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Ewerton Garcia de Oliveira Mima
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Humaitá, n° 1680, Araraquara, SP, 14801-903, Brazil.
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Maliszewska I, Lisiak B, Popko K, Matczyszyn K. Enhancement of the Efficacy of Photodynamic Inactivation of Candida albicans with the Use of Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:1081-1090. [PMID: 28191638 DOI: 10.1111/php.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on successful photodynamic inactivation of planktonic and biofilm cells of Candida albicans using Rose Bengal (RB) in combination with biogenic gold nanoparticles synthesized by the cell-free filtrate of Penicillium funiculosum BL1 strain. Monodispersed colloidal gold nanoparticles coated with proteins were characterized by a number of techniques including SEM-EDS, TEM, UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to be 24 ± 3 nm spheres. A Xe lamp (output power of 20mW, delivering intensity of 53 mW cm-2 ) was used as a light source to study the effects of RB alone, the gold nanoparticles alone and the RB-gold nanoparticle mixture on the viability of C. albicans cells. The most effective reduction in the number of planktonic cells was found after 30 min of Xe lamp light irradiation (95.4 J cm-2 ) and was 4.89 log10 that is 99.99% kill for the mixture of RB with gold nanoparticles compared with 2.19 log10 or 99.37% for RB alone. The biofilm cells were more resistant to photodynamic inactivation, and the highest effective reduction in the number of cells was found after 30 min of irradiation in the presence of the RB-gold nanoparticles mixture and was 1.53 log10 , that is 97.04% kill compared with 0.6 log10 or 74.73% for RB. The probable mechanism of enhancement of RB-mediated photodynamic fungicidal efficacy against C. albicans in the presence of biogenic gold nanoparticles is discussed leading to the conclusion that this process may have a multifaceted character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Maliszewska
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Lisiak
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Popko
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Matczyszyn
- Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
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Varela Kellesarian S, Abduljabbar T, Vohra F, Malmstrom H, Yunker M, Varela Kellesarian T, Romanos GE, Javed F. Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the disinfection of acrylic denture surfaces: A systematic review. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 17:103-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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de Figueiredo Freitas LS, Rossoni RD, Jorge AOC, Junqueira JC. Repeated applications of photodynamic therapy on Candida glabrata biofilms formed in acrylic resin polymerized. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:549-555. [PMID: 28091850 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2147-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have been suggested that photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be used as an adjuvant treatment for denture stomatitis. In this study, we evaluated the effects of multiple sessions of PDT on Candida glabrata biofilms in specimens of polymerized acrylic resin formed after 5 days. Subsequently, four applications of PDT were performed on biofilms in 24-h intervals (days 6-9). Also, we evaluated two types of PDT, including application of laser and methylene blue or light-emitting diode (LED) and erythrosine. The control groups were treated with physiological solution. The effects of PDT on biofilm were evaluated after the first and fourth application of PDT. The biofilm analysis was performed by counting the colony-forming units. The results showed that between the days 6 and 9, the biofilms not treated by PDT had an increase of 5.53 to 6.05 log (p = 0.0271). Regarding the treatments, after one application of PDT, the biofilms decreased from 5.53 to 0.89 log. When it was done four applications, the microbial reduction ranged from 6.05 log to 0.11 log. We observed that one application of PDT with laser or LED caused a reduction of 3.36 and 4.64 compared to the control groups, respectively (p = 0.1708). When it was done four applications of PDT, the reductions achieved were 1.57 for laser and 5.94 for LED (p = 0.0001). It was concluded that repeated applications of PDT on C. glabrata biofilms showed higher antimicrobial activity compared to single application. PDT mediated by LED and erythrosine was more efficient than the PDT mediated by laser and methylene blue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lírian Silva de Figueiredo Freitas
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Avenida Francisco José Longo 777, São José dos Campos, 12245-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodnei Dennis Rossoni
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Avenida Francisco José Longo 777, São José dos Campos, 12245-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Avenida Francisco José Longo 777, São José dos Campos, 12245-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Campos Junqueira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Avenida Francisco José Longo 777, São José dos Campos, 12245-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Santezi C, Tanomaru JM, Bagnato VS, Júnior OBO, Dovigo LN. Potential of curcumin-mediated photodynamic inactivation to reduce oral colonization. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 15:46-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sousa AS, Prates RA, de Santi MESO, Lopes RG, Bussadori SK, Ferreira LR, Deana AM. Photodynamic inactivation of Candida albicans biofilm: Influence of the radiant energy and photosensitizer charge. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 14:111-4. [PMID: 26995104 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to investigate the photoinactivation of C. albicans biofilm on acrylic resin discs (the standard material for dental prosthesis) using the photosensitizers Methylene Blue and a Protoporphyrin IX. METHODS Eighteen thermally activated Methyl Methacrylate Polymers were used for the biofilm growth of Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Two photosensitizers were tested: methylene blue (50μM) and protoporphyrin IX (10μM). Two custom-made LEDs emitting at 660nm and 630nm with approximately 800mW each were used for the irradiation, with duration ranging from 2 to 10min. RESULTS This study demonstrates that MB decreased the aPDT CFUs by approximately two orders of magnitude, but the protoporphyrin was ineffective. CONCLUSION The aPDT with MB significantly reduces (but does not sterilize) the amount of CFU after 10min of irradiation, and it is not dose-dependent. The lack of effect of the protoporphyrin is likely because the negative charges of the proteoglycans present in the extracellular matrix repel the negative charges of the PS, thus preventing its diffusion in the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Silva Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Araujo Prates
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Rúbia Garcia Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Rodolfo Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Melo Deana
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Quishida CCC, Mima EGDO, Dovigo LN, Jorge JH, Bagnato VS, Pavarina AC. Photodynamic inactivation of a multispecies biofilm using Photodithazine(®) and LED light after one and three successive applications. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:2303-12. [PMID: 26404782 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1811-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this investigation, the effectiveness of successive applications of antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (API) mediated by Photodithazine(®) (PDZ) and LED light was evaluated against a multispecies biofilm formed by Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Streptococcus mutans on denture base acrylic resin. Standard cell suspensions (bacteria and yeast) were inoculated on acrylic resin samples, and the biofilm was grown for 48 h (37 °C/75 rpm). API was performed by the administration of PDZ (175 and 200 mg/L) and exposure to 37.5 J/cm(2) of LED light (660 nm). Additional samples were treated with PDZ or LED light only. Untreated control samples were not submitted to light or PDZ. The conditions described were applied once or in three consecutive applications for all groups. Cell viability was determined by colony counts (CFU/mL), metabolic activity, total biomass, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data were analyzed by a nonparametric two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). The results obtained demonstrated a significant effect (p < 0.05) of number of applications and treatment groups for CFU/mL, and S. mutans showed the highest susceptibility to API. The metabolic activity of the multispecies biofilm was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) after API for both numbers of applications, which were also significantly different (p < 0.05) between them. The total biomass of the biofilm was significantly different (p < 0.05) only between groups submitted to one and three API applications. CLSM showed a visual increase of dead cells after API. API-mediated PDZ was effective in reducing the cell viability of multispecies biofilm. Three consecutive applications of API were more effective for reducing the cell viability and the total biomass of multispecies biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Campos Costa Quishida
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ewerton Garcia de Oliveira Mima
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Lívia Nordi Dovigo
- Department of Social Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Janaina Habib Jorge
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato
- Physics Institute of São Carlos, USP, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, CEP: 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Cláudia Pavarina
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá 1680, CEP 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Maciel CM, Piva MR, Ribeiro MAG, de Santana Santos T, Ribeiro CF, Martins-Filho PRS. Methylene Blue-Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation Followed by Low-Laser Therapy versus Miconazole Gel in the Treatment of Denture Stomatitis. J Prosthodont 2015; 25:28-32. [PMID: 26375599 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Photodynamic therapy (PDT) appears to be an effective method for the in vitro and in vivo inactivation of Candida spp., but no clinical trials in this context have yet been conducted. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of oral miconazole gel to PDT combined with low-power laser (LPL) therapy in the treatment of denture stomatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty participants with clinical and microbiological diagnoses of type II denture stomatitis were randomly allocated to two treatment groups (PDT and miconazole gel), each with 20 individuals. The PDT group was submitted to one session of methylene blue-mediated PDT plus two sessions of low-laser therapy twice a week for 15 days. The miconazole group was submitted to the drug four times a day for 15 days. RESULTS Forty percent of the patients achieved clinical and microbiological resolution of denture stomatitis after methylene blue-mediated photodynamic inactivation followed by low-laser therapy. The cure rate associated with miconazole was 80% (p < 0.05). Fifteen days after the end of treatment, the recurrence rate was 25% in patients treated with PDT combined with LPL therapy and 12.5% in patients treated with miconazole. CONCLUSION Miconazole gel provides better results than a protocol combining methylene blue-mediated PDT and LPL therapy in the treatment of type II denture stomatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Rabello Piva
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
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Pereira CA, Domingues N, Silva MP, Costa ACBP, Junqueira JC, Jorge AOC. Photodynamic inactivation of virulence factors of Candida strains isolated from patients with denture stomatitis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 153:82-9. [PMID: 26398815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Candida species are major microorganisms isolated in denture stomatitis (DS), an inflammatory process of the mucosa underlying removable dental prostheses, and express a variety of virulence factors that can increase their pathogenicity. The potential of Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) in planktonic culture, biofilms and virulence factors of Candida strains was evaluated. A total of 48 clinical Candida isolates from individuals wearing removable maxillary prostheses with DS were included in the study. The effects of erythrosine (ER, 200 μM) and a green LED (λ 532 ± 10 nm, 237 mW/cm(2) and 42.63 J/cm(2)) in a planktonic culture were evaluated. The effect of the addition of ER at a concentration of 400 μM together with a green LED was evaluated in biofilms. The virulence factors of all of the Candida strains were evaluated before and after the PDI process in cells derived from biofilm and planktonic assays. All of the Candida species were susceptible to ER and green LED. However, the biofilm structures were more resistant to PDI than the planktonic cultures. PDI also promoted slight reductions in most of the virulence factors of C. albicans and some of the Candida tropicalis strains. These results suggest that the addition of PDI is effective for reducing yeasts and may also reduce the virulence of certain Candida species and decrease their pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Aparecida Pereira
- UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, CEP: 12245-000 SP, Brazil.
| | - Nádia Domingues
- UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, CEP: 12245-000 SP, Brazil.
| | - Michelle Peneluppi Silva
- UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, CEP: 12245-000 SP, Brazil.
| | - Anna Carolina Borges Pereira Costa
- UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, CEP: 12245-000 SP, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Campos Junqueira
- UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, CEP: 12245-000 SP, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
- UNESP, Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, CEP: 12245-000 SP, Brazil.
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Javed F, Samaranayake LP, Romanos GE. Treatment of oral fungal infections using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: a systematic review of currently available evidence. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 13:726-34. [PMID: 24686309 DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50426c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to review the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of oral fungal infections. To address the focused question "Should PDT be considered a possible treatment regimen for oral fungal infections?" PubMed/Medline and Google-Scholar databases were searched from 1997 up to March 2014 using various combinations of the following key words: "Candida albicans"; "Candidiasis"; "Candidosis"; "denture stomatitis"; "oral" and "photodynamic therapy". Original studies, experimental studies and articles published solely in English language were sought. Letters to the editor, historic reviews and unpublished data were excluded. Pattern of the present literature review was customized to mainly summarize the pertinent information. Fifteen studies (3 clinical and 12 experimental) were included. All studies reported antimicrobial PDT to be an effective antifungal treatment strategy. One study reported PDT and azole therapy to be equally effective in the treatment of oral fungal infections. Methylene blue, toluidine blue and porphyrin derivative were the most commonly used photosensitizers. The laser wavelengths and power output ranged between ∼455 nm-660 nm and 30 mW-400 mW. The energy fluence ranged between 26-245 J cm(-2) and the duration or irradiation ranged between 10 seconds and 26 minutes. Clinical effectiveness of antimicrobial PDT as a potent therapeutic strategy for oral fungal infections requires further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Javed
- Research Associate, Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration, 3D Imaging and Biomechanical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Leite DP, Piva MR, Martins-Filho PRS. Identificação das espécies de Candida em portadores de estomatite protética e avaliação da susceptibilidade ao miconazol e à terapia fotodinâmica. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-2577.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃO: Próteses mucossuportadas são consideradas facilitadoras, em potencial, da estomatite protética (EP), condição caracterizada pelo aspecto eritematoso, difuso ou pontilhado da mucosa palatina sob a base das próteses. A etiologia da doença é multifatorial, embora a infecção por Candida seja uma causa bastante comum. OBJETIVO: Relacionar a EP com a presença de Candida, identificar as espécies de Candida mais prevalentes, a partir do meio CHROMagar Candida(r), e caracterizar o perfil de sensibilidade das colônias ao miconazol e à terapia fotodinâmica (TFD). MATERIAL E MÉTODO: A amostra foi constituída por 45 usuários de prótese total, sendo 30 com diagnóstico clínico de EP e 15 sem a doença. Realizou-se raspagem com swab da mucosa palatina e das próteses, e as amostras foram semeadas em CHROMagar Candida(r), para identificação de espécies de C. albicans, C. krusei e C. tropicalis. Após incubação e leitura das placas, as colônias foram reisoladas em Ágar Sabouraud, para caracterização da sensibilidade ao miconazol e à TFD. RESULTADO: Espécies de Candida estiveram presentes em 53,33% das amostras dos pacientes com EP e em 6,67% das amostras dos pacientes sem EP, considerando-se o total de amostras de mucosa (p=0,008) e próteses (p=0,001). As espécies mais prevalentes foram C. albicans (36,67% e 53,33%), seguida de C. tropicalis (13,33% e 16,67%) e C. krusei (13,33% e 6,67%), em mucosa e prótese, respectivamente. As amostras mostraram maior sensibilidade ao miconazol que à TFD (p<0,0001). CONCLUSÃO: Existiu uma associação entre a presença de Candida e EP, sendo C. albicans a espécie mais prevalente. Miconazol proveu melhores resultados na eliminação in vitro de colônias de Candida quando comparado à TFD.
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Antunes DP, Salvia ACRD, de Araújo RM, Di Nicoló R, Koga Ito CY, de Araujo MAM. Effect of green tea extract and mouthwash without alcohol on Candida albicans biofilm on acrylic resin. Gerodontology 2014; 32:291-5. [PMID: 24846131 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of green tea and the oral antiseptic without alcohol, on Candida albicans biofilm formation to heat-curing acrylic resin plates. BACKGROUND Candida is associated with oral candidiasis in poorly cleaned dentures. MATERIAL AND METHODS Standardised specimens of heat-cured (Conv; n = 30) or microwave-cured acrylic resin (Mw; n = 30) were obtained and divided into six groups (n = 10): G1 = Conv resin and green tea aqueous extract, G2 = Conv resin and mouthwash, G3 = control of Conv resin, G4 = Mw resin and green tea aqueous extract, G5 = Mw resin and mouthwash and G6 = control of Mw-cured resin. The specimens were contaminated with 10 ml of Sabouraud dextrose broth inoculated with 0.1 ml of standard suspension containing 1 × 10(6) cells/ml of C. albicans and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. After this period, they were immersed in the aqueous extract or in mouthwash for 15 min. The control groups were treated with sterile distilled water. Aliquots of 0.1 ml were plated on Sabouraud dextrose agar and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The numbers of colony-forming units per test specimen (CFU/TS) were calculated, and the results statistically analysed by two-way anova and Tukey's tests (5%). RESULTS Statistically significant difference was observed for the aqueous extract groups (G1; 33.65%) and mouthwash (G2; 17.06%), when compared to control (G3; 100%), for Conv resin. For the Mw resin, there was significant difference between mouthwash (G5; 43.16%) and control (G6; 100%). CONCLUSION The aqueous extract of green tea and mouthwash led to a reduction in the number of viable fungal cells in biofilm formed on acrylic resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora P Antunes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Paulist State University Dental School, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina R D Salvia
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Paulist State University Dental School, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M de Araújo
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Paulist State University Dental School, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Di Nicoló
- Department of Social Dentistry and Children's Clinic, Paulist State University Dental School, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Y Koga Ito
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Paulist State University Dental School, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Maria A M de Araujo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Paulist State University Dental School, São José dos Campos, Brazil
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Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Proper sterilization or disinfection of removable prostheses and surgical guides has been problematic in dental practice because of the absence of simple and low-cost techniques that do not cause damage to acrylic resins. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to study the effect of photodynamic therapy against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans biofilms formed on acrylic resin specimens. MATERIAL AND METHODS The specimens were sterilized in ethylene oxide gas and submitted to in vitro biofilm growth. The photodynamic therapy consisted of the application of 0.05% methylene blue (P+) conjugated to irradiation with a light-emitting-diode of 630 nm and 150 mW (L+). The specimens were randomly divided into groups (n=5): negative control (P-L-); stained and irradiated at 10 J/cm(2) (P+L+ 10); stained and irradiated at 30 J/cm(2) (P+L+ 30); stained and not irradiated (P+L-); not stained and irradiated at 10 J/cm(2) (P-L+ 10); not stained and irradiated at 30 J/cm(2) (P-L+ 30); and gold standard (GS), sterilized. Afterward, the specimens were submitted to contact with culture medium agar for 10 minutes in petri plates, which were incubated for 48 hours at 37°C. The number of colony-forming units was obtained, and the data were expressed according to scores (1=0; 2=1-10; 3=11-100; 4=101-1000) and analyzed by the Friedman and Dunn tests (α=.05). RESULTS Streptococcus mutans was sensitized by (P+L-); P aeruginosa and C albicans were also sensitized by the dye but showed a slight microbial reduction with (P+L+ 30), as did S aureus (P>.05); E coli presented an initial score of 3 and achieved a bacterial reduction to score 2 with (P+L+ 30) (P=.039). CONCLUSIONS Photodynamic therapy was effective in reducing E coli counts on biofilms formed on acrylic resin specimens. The inhibition of microorganism growth tended to be directly proportional to the amount of energy provided by the light-emitting diode.
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Paschoal MA, Santos-Pinto L, Lin M, Duarte S. Streptococcus mutans photoinactivation by combination of short exposure of a broad-spectrum visible light and low concentrations of photosensitizers. Photomed Laser Surg 2014; 32:175-80. [PMID: 24552467 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2013.3656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate the photodynamic antimicrobial effect by the combination of a novel noncoherent broad spectrum visible light and low concentrations of curcumin and toluidine blue over suspensions of Streptococcus mutans. BACKGROUND DATA Long illumination times to activate photosensitizers (PS) and the use of high concentrations of these drugs in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) are limitations of its application as an antimicrobial technology in dental practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Planktonic suspensions of S. mutans were standardized and submitted to PACT treatment at low concentrations of curcumin (C) (0.075; 0.75 and 7.5 μM) and toluidine blue (T) (0.25; 2.5 and 25 μM) exposed to 42 J/cm2 (12.2 sec; set power: 3.930 mW) of a white light (WL) (output wavelength range: 400-700 nm; beam diameter: 12 mm) (C+WL+ and T+WL+, PACT groups; incubation time, C: 60 sec; T: 5 min); isolated effect of both C (C+WL-) and T concentrations (T+WL-); effect of light source (C-WL+ and T-WL+) and suspensions neither submitted to PS nor to light-emitting diode (LED) illumination (control groups, C-WL- and T-WL-). Aliquots of each group were diluted and cultured on blood agar plates and the number of colony-forming units (CFU)/mL was recorded, transformed into log10 and analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test at a cutoff value at 0.05. RESULTS The groups submitted to PACT presented a bacterial reduction value of>5-log10 to both tested PS in comparison with control groups (p<0.05). PS or light source used alone demonstrated no antimicrobial effect on the number of viable bacterial counts. CONCLUSIONS The combination of a novel noncoherent light at short illumination exposure time with low concentrations of studied PS achieved a lethal photoinactivation of S. mutans, and can be considered an effective antimicrobial in vitro approach for reducing the number of micro-organisms involved with the dental caries process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aurelio Paschoal
- 1 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulist ,a, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Yin R, Dai T, Avci P, Jorge AES, de Melo WCMA, Vecchio D, Huang YY, Gupta A, Hamblin MR. Light based anti-infectives: ultraviolet C irradiation, photodynamic therapy, blue light, and beyond. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2013; 13:731-62. [PMID: 24060701 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the worldwide increase in antibiotic resistance, researchers are investigating alternative anti-infective strategies to which it is supposed microorganisms will be unable to develop resistance. Prominent among these strategies, is a group of approaches which rely on light to deliver the killing blow. As is well known, ultraviolet light, particularly UVC (200-280 nm), is germicidal, but it has not been much developed as an anti-infective approach until recently, when it was realized that the possible adverse effects to host tissue were relatively minor compared to its high activity in killing pathogens. Photodynamic therapy is the combination of non-toxic photosensitizing dyes with harmless visible light that together produce abundant destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Certain cationic dyes or photosensitizers have good specificity for binding to microbial cells while sparing host mammalian cells and can be used for treating many localized infections, both superficial and even deep-seated by using fiber optic delivered light. Many microbial cells are highly sensitive to killing by blue light (400-470 nm) due to accumulation of naturally occurring photosensitizers such as porphyrins and flavins. Near infrared light has also been shown to have antimicrobial effects against certain species. Clinical applications of these technologies include skin, dental, wound, stomach, nasal, toenail and other infections which are amenable to effective light delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Paschoal MA, Tonon CC, Spolidório DMP, Bagnato VS, Giusti JSM, Santos-Pinto L. Photodynamic potential of curcumin and blue LED against Streptococcus mutans in a planktonic culture. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:313-9. [PMID: 23993858 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the use of light of specific wavelength to activate a nontoxic photosensitizing agent or dye in the presence of oxygen for eradication of target cells. In dentistry, this therapy is used to suppress the growth of microorganisms involved directly with dental decay and periodontitis process. There are evidences that curcumin dye is able to control microbial activity when illuminated with specific wavelength. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of PDT using curcumin dye (Cur-C) in combination with a blue LED (L) device on a planktonic model of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). METHODS Suspensions (0.5 mL) containing S. mutans at 1×10(7)CFU mL(-1) were prepared and divided into 4 groups: Group C-L- (control: no treatment and 1 experimental condition), Group C+L- (curcumin at 3 different concentrations: 2000; 4000 and 8000 μM and 3 experimental conditions), Group C-L+ (LED at 3 different dosages: 24, 48 and 72 Jcm(-2) and 3 experimental conditions), and Group C+L+ (PDT group: curcumin at respective concentrations combined to LED dosages and 9 experimental conditions). Samples of each experimental condition were cultured in Petri dishes of BHI agar. Incubation in micro-aerophilia at 37°C for 48 h was performed for subsequent visual counting of CFU/mL. Data were transformed into log10 and analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at p<0.05. RESULTS Group C+L+, in specific experimental conditions, demonstrated a log bacterial reduction 70% higher than Group C-L-. Both groups C-L+ and C+L- presented a slight decrease in log bacterial counting. CONCLUSION This in vitro method was able to reduce the number of S. mutans in a planktonic suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aurelio Paschoal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil.
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Imidazoacridinone derivatives as efficient sensitizers in photoantimicrobial chemotherapy. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:3692-702. [PMID: 23563951 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00748-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate a new potential photosensitizer (PS) in the photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of microorganisms in vitro (11 reference strains and 13 clinical isolates, representing common Gram-positive and Gram-negative human pathogens), with special emphasis on Candida albicans. We studied the light-induced cytotoxicity of the imidazoacridinone derivative C1330 toward fungal cells grown in planktonic form. We examined the influence of various parameters (time of incubation, PDI quencher effect, and C1330 accumulation in C. albicans cells) on the efficacy of light-dependent cytotoxicity. Additionally, we checked for the potential cyto- and phototoxic activity of C1330 against human dermal keratinocytes. In our research, we used a broadband incoherent blue light source (380 to 470 nm) with an output power of 100 mW/cm(2). In vitro studies showed that the C1330 action against C. albicans was a light-dependent process. C1330 was an efficient photosensitizer in the photodynamic inactivation of C. albicans, which reduced the growth of planktonic cells by 6.1 log10 units. Efficient accumulation of PS in the nucleus and vacuoles was observed after 30 min of incubation, which correlated with the highest photokilling efficacy. Significant changes in intracellular structure were observed upon illumination of C1330-incubated C. albicans cells. In the case of the human HaCaT cell line, approximately 40% of cells survived the treatment, which indicates the potential benefit of further study of the application of C1330 in photoantimicrobial chemotherapy. These data suggest that PDI may be a viable approach for the treatment of localized C. albicans infections.
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Mima E, Vergani C, Machado A, Massucato E, Colombo A, Bagnato V, Pavarina A. Comparison of Photodynamic Therapy versus conventional antifungal therapy for the treatment of denture stomatitis: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Microbiol Infect 2012; 18:E380-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03933.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Fontana CR, Lerman MA, Patel N, Grecco C, de Souza Costa CA, Amiji MM, Bagnato VS, Soukos NS. Safety assessment of oral photodynamic therapy in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 28:479-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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