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Zhang Z, Freeman M, Zhang Y, El-Nachef D, Davenport G, Williams A, MacLellan WR. Hippo signaling and histone methylation control cardiomyocyte cell cycle re-entry through distinct transcriptional pathways. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281610. [PMID: 36780463 PMCID: PMC9925018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Accumulating data demonstrates that new adult cardiomyocytes (CMs) are generated throughout life from pre-existing CMs, although the absolute magnitude of CM self-renewal is very low. Modifying epigenetic histone modifications or activating the Hippo-Yap pathway have been shown to promote adult CM cycling and proliferation. Whether these interventions work through common pathways or act independently is unknown. For the first time we have determined whether lysine demethylase 4D (KDM4D)-mediated CM-specific H3K9 demethylation and Hippo pathways inhibition have additive or redundant roles in promoting CM cell cycle re-entry. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that activating Yap1 in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) through overexpressing Hippo pathway inhibitor, miR-199, preferentially increased S-phase CMs, while H3K9me3 demethylase KDM4D preferentially increased G2/M markers in CMs. Together KDM4D and miR-199 further increased total cell number of NRVMs in culture. Inhibition of Hippo signaling via knock-down of Salvador Family WW Domain Containing Protein 1 (Sav1) also led to S-phase reactivation and additional cell cycle re-entry was seen when combined with KDM4D overexpression. Inducible activating KDM4D (iKDM4D) in adult transgenic mice together with shRNA mediated knock-down of Sav1 (iKDM4D+Sav1-sh) resulted in a significant increase in cycling CMs compared to either intervention alone. KDM4D preferentially induced expression of genes regulating late (G2/M) phases of the cell cycle, while miR-199 and si-Sav1 preferentially up-regulated genes involved in G1/S phase. KDM4D upregulated E2F1 and FoxM1 expression, whereas miR-199 and si-Sav1 induced Myc. Using transgenic mice over-expressing KDM4D together with Myc, we demonstrated that KDM4D/Myc significantly increased CM cell cycling but did not affect cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS KDM4D effects on CM cell cycle activity are additive with the Hippo-Yap1 pathway and appear to preferentially regulate different cell cycle regulators. This may have important implications for strategies that target cardiac regeneration in treating heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhe Zhang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Miles Freeman
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Yiqiang Zhang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, John A. Burn School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Danny El-Nachef
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - George Davenport
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Allison Williams
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - W. Robb MacLellan
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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2
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Naik A, Dalpatraj N, Thakur N. Global Gene Expression Regulation Mediated by TGFβ Through H3K9me3 Mark. Cancer Inform 2022; 21:11769351221115135. [PMID: 35923287 PMCID: PMC9340917 DOI: 10.1177/11769351221115135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epigenetic alterations play an important part in carcinogenesis. Different biological responses, including cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, invasion, and senescence, are affected by epigenetic alterations in cancer. In addition, growth factors, such as transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) are important regulators of tumorigenesis. Our understanding of the interplay between the epigenetic bases of tumorigenesis and growth factor signaling in tumorigenesis is rudimentary. Some studies suggest a link between TGFβ signaling and the heterochromatinizing histone mark H3K9me3. There is evidence for signal-dependent interactions between R-Smads and histone methyltransferases. However, the effects of TGFβ signaling on genome wide H3K9me3 landscape remains unknown. Our research examines TGFβ -induced genome-wide H3K9me3 in prostate cancer. Method: Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing was performed to analyze genome-wide association of H3K9me3 epigenetic mark. DAVID Functional annotation tool was utilized to understand the involvement of different Biological Processes and Molecular Function. MEME-ChIP tool was also used to analyze known and novel DNA-binding motifs. Results: H3K9me3 occupancy appears to increase at intronic regions after short-term (6 hours) TGFβ stimulation and at distal intergenic regions during long-term stimulation (24 hours). We also found evidence for a possible association of SLC transporters with H3K9me3 mark in presence of TGFβ during tumorigenesis. No direct correlation was found between the occupancy of H3K9me3 mark and the expression of various genes. The epigenetic mechanisms-mediated regulation of gene expression by TGFβ was concentrated at promoters rich in SRY and FOXJ3 binding sites. Conclusion: Our results point toward a positive association of oncogenic function of TGFβ and the H3K9me3 mark and provide a context to the role of H3K9me3 in TGFβ-induced cell migration and cell adhesion. Interestingly, these functions of TGFβ through H3K9me3 mark regulation seem to depend on transcriptional activation in contrast to the conventionally known repressive nature of H3K9me3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Naik
- Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Nidhi Dalpatraj
- Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Noopur Thakur
- Biological and Life Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Kang SM, Yoon MH, Lee SJ, Ahn J, Yi SA, Nam KH, Park S, Woo TG, Cho JH, Lee J, Ha NC, Park BJ. Human WRN is an intrinsic inhibitor of progerin, abnormal splicing product of lamin A. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9122. [PMID: 33907225 PMCID: PMC8079706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88325-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WRN) is a rare progressive genetic disorder, caused by functional defects in WRN protein and RecQ4L DNA helicase. Acceleration of the aging process is initiated at puberty and the expected life span is approximately the late 50 s. However, a Wrn-deficient mouse model does not show premature aging phenotypes or a short life span, implying that aging processes differ greatly between humans and mice. Gene expression analysis of WRN cells reveals very similar results to gene expression analysis of Hutchinson Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) cells, suggesting that these human progeroid syndromes share a common pathological mechanism. Here we show that WRN cells also express progerin, an abnormal variant of the lamin A protein. In addition, we reveal that duplicated sequences of human WRN (hWRN) from exon 9 to exon 10, which differ from the sequence of mouse WRN (mWRN), are a natural inhibitor of progerin. Overexpression of hWRN reduced progerin expression and aging features in HGPS cells. Furthermore, the elimination of progerin by siRNA or a progerin-inhibitor (SLC-D011 also called progerinin) can ameliorate senescence phenotypes in WRN fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes, derived from WRN-iPSCs. These results suggest that progerin, which easily accumulates under WRN-deficient conditions, can lead to premature aging in WRN and that this effect can be prevented by SLC-D011.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Mi Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Yoon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsook Ahn
- Program in Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ah Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hong Nam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyun Woo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaecheol Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Chul Ha
- Program in Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang J, Bellani MA, James RC, Pokharel D, Zhang Y, Reynolds JJ, McNee GS, Jackson AP, Stewart GS, Seidman MM. DONSON and FANCM associate with different replisomes distinguished by replication timing and chromatin domain. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3951. [PMID: 32769987 PMCID: PMC7414851 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Duplication of mammalian genomes requires replisomes to overcome numerous impediments during passage through open (eu) and condensed (hetero) chromatin. Typically, studies of replication stress characterize mixed populations of challenged and unchallenged replication forks, averaged across S phase, and model a single species of “stressed” replisome. Here, in cells containing potent obstacles to replication, we find two different lesion proximal replisomes. One is bound by the DONSON protein and is more frequent in early S phase, in regions marked by euchromatin. The other interacts with the FANCM DNA translocase, is more prominent in late S phase, and favors heterochromatin. The two forms can also be detected in unstressed cells. ChIP-seq of DNA associated with DONSON or FANCM confirms the bias of the former towards regions that replicate early and the skew of the latter towards regions that replicate late. Eukaryotic replisomes are multiprotein complexes. Here the authors reveal two distinct stressed replisomes, associated with DONSON and FANCM, displaying a bias in replication timing and chromatin domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Marina A Bellani
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ryan C James
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | | | - Yongqing Zhang
- Gene Expression and Genomics Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - John J Reynolds
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gavin S McNee
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew P Jackson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Grant S Stewart
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael M Seidman
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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Bioinformatics analysis of the network of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation in acute myeloid leukaemia. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:543-554. [PMID: 32468066 PMCID: PMC7336454 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) may be related to the development of drug-resistant acute myeloid leukaemia (AML); insights into the network of H3K9me3 may improve patient prognosis. Patient data were derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and data from AML cells treated with chidamide, a novel benzamide chemical class of histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), in vitro were derived from ChIP-seq. Patients and AML cell data were analysed using GEO2R, GOseq, KOBAS, the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.5.1. We identified several genes related to the upregulation or downregulation of H3K9me3 in AML patients; some of these genes were related to apoptosis, autophagy, and the pathway of cell longevity. AML cells treated with chidamide in vitro showed the same gene changes. The protein interactions in the network did not have significantly more interactions than expected, suggesting the need for more research to identify these interactions. One compelling result from the protein interaction study was that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) may have an indirect interaction with lysine-specific demethylase 4A (KDM4A). These results help explain alterations of H3K9me3 in AML that may direct further studies aimed at improving patient prognosis. These results may also provide a basis for chidamide as a treatment strategy for AML patients in the future.
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Monaghan L, Massett ME, Bunschoten RP, Hoose A, Pirvan PA, Liskamp RMJ, Jørgensen HG, Huang X. The Emerging Role of H3K9me3 as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2019; 9:705. [PMID: 31428579 PMCID: PMC6687838 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence has demonstrated that epigenetic dysregulation is a common pathological feature in human cancer cells. Global alterations in the epigenetic landscape are prevalent in malignant cells across different solid tumors including, prostate cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and in haemopoietic malignancy. In particular, DNA hypomethylation and histone hypoacetylation have been observed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient blasts, with histone methylation being an emerging area of study. Histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) is a post-translational modification known to be involved in the regulation of a broad range of biological processes, including the formation of transcriptionally silent heterochromatin. Following the observation of its aberrant methylation status in hematological malignancy and several other cancer phenotypes, recent studies have associated H3K9me3 levels with patient outcome and highlighted key molecular mechanisms linking H3K9me3 profile with AML etiology in a number of large-scale meta-analysis. Consequently, the development and application of small molecule inhibitors which target the histone methyltransferases or demethylase enzymes known to participate in the oncogenic regulation of H3K9me3 in AML represents an advancing area of ongoing study. Here, we provide a comprehensive review on how this particular epigenetic mark is regulated within cells and its emerging role as a potential therapeutic target in AML, along with an update on the current research into advancing the generation of more potent and selective inhibitors against known H3K9 methyltransferases and demethylases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Monaghan
- Haemato-Oncology/Systems Medicine Group, Paul O'Gorman Leukemia Research Center, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew E. Massett
- Haemato-Oncology/Systems Medicine Group, Paul O'Gorman Leukemia Research Center, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alex Hoose
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Heather G. Jørgensen
- Haemato-Oncology/Systems Medicine Group, Paul O'Gorman Leukemia Research Center, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Xu Huang
- Haemato-Oncology/Systems Medicine Group, Paul O'Gorman Leukemia Research Center, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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7
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CD133+/C-kit+Lin - endothelial progenitor cells in fetal circulation demonstrate impaired differentiation potency in severe preeclampsia. Pregnancy Hypertens 2018; 15:146-153. [PMID: 30825912 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals delivered from preeclamptic pregnancies exhibit a long-term increased risk of developing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, likely caused by aberrant fetal cell reprogramming incurred in utero. The present study investigated the functional impairment and epigenetic changes exhibited by endothelial progenitor cells derived from offspring born to preeclamptic pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN The capacity of CD133+/C-kit+/Lin- (CKL-) human umbilical cord blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from gestationally matched normal and preeclamptic (n = 10 each) pregnancies to differentiate to form outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) was assessed by observing both their morphology, and the number and size of generated OECs colonies. Likewise, OECs angiogenic function was evaluated via migration, adhesion, and tube-formation assays. EPCs from preeclampsia were cultured in normal-, and preeclampsia-derived serum-conditioned media to assess the effects of environmental factors on EPC differentiation potency and OEC angiogenic function, and finally, EPCs H3K4, H3K9, and H3K27 trimethylation levels were assayed. RESULTS The preeclampsia-derived CKL- EPCs exhibited decreased H3K4 and H3K9 trimethylation levels, significantly delayed differentiation times, and a significant reduction in both their number of generated OECs colonies, and exhibited reduced OECs migration, adhesion, and tube formation activities compared to those achieved by the normal-derived EPCs. Interestingly, the reduced differentiation potency of the preeclampsia-derived EPCs was not rescued via exposure to normal serum. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to preeclampsia significantly and irreversibly reduced CKL- EPC differentiation potency and OEC angiogenic function, likely reflecting incurred irreversible epigenetic changes.
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Lenart P, Novak J, Bienertova-Vasku J. PIWI-piRNA pathway: Setting the pace of aging by reducing DNA damage. Mech Ageing Dev 2018; 173:29-38. [PMID: 29580825 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are powerful drivers of genome evolutionary dynamics but are principally deleterious to the host organism by compromising the integrity and function of the genome. The transposition of TEs may result in mutations and DNA damage. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), which may be caused by the transposition, are one of the processes directly linked to aging. TEs may thus be considered to constitute an internal source of aging and the frequency of transposition may, in turn, be considered to affect the pace of aging. The PIWI-piRNA pathway is a widespread strategy used by most animals to effectively suppress transposition. Interestingly, the PIWI-piRNA pathway is expressed predominantly in the animal germline, a more or less continuous immortal lineage set aside after the first few cell divisions of a developing embryo. Recent findings further imply that the PIWI-piRNA pathway and TE suppression constitute an important mechanism regulating aging. This article discusses the proposed role of the PIWI-piRNA pathway in setting the pace of aging as well as the possible mechanisms underlying this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Lenart
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A18, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A29, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novak
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A18, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Julie Bienertova-Vasku
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A18, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A29, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Zealley B, de Grey AD. Commentary on Some Recent Theses Relevant to Combating Aging: December 2017. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 20:530-535. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.2045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Commentary on Some Recent Theses Relevant to Combating Aging: February 2017. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 20:67-74. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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11
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Zealley B, de Grey AD. Commentary on Some Recent Theses Relevant to Combating Aging: December 2016. Rejuvenation Res 2016; 19:525-530. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2016.1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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12
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Zealley B, de Grey AD. Commentary on Some Recent Theses Relevant to Combating Aging: October 2016. Rejuvenation Res 2016; 19:430-436. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2016.1881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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13
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Zealley B, de Grey AD. Commentary on Some Recent Theses Relevant to Combating Aging: June 2016. Rejuvenation Res 2016; 19:256-62. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2016.1845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Fan J, Sun Z. The Antiaging Gene Klotho Regulates Proliferation and Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1615-25. [PMID: 26865060 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Klotho was originally discovered as an aging-suppressor gene. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether secreted Klotho (SKL) affects the proliferation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that short-form Klotho was expressed in mouse ADSCs. The Klotho gene mutation KL(-/-) significantly decreased proliferation of ADSCs and expression of pluripotent transcription factors (Nanog, Sox-2, and Oct-4) in mice. The adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs was also decreased in KL(-/-) mice. Incubation with Klotho-deficient medium decreased ADSC proliferation, pluripotent transcription factor levels, and adipogenic differentiation, which is similar to what was found in KL(-/-) mice. These results indicate that Klotho deficiency suppresses ADSC proliferation and differentiation. Interestingly, treatment with recombinant SKL protein rescued the Klotho deficiency-induced impairment in ADSC proliferation and adipogenic differentiation. SKL also regulated ADSCs' differentiation to other cell lineages (osteoblasts, myofibroblasts), indicating that SKL maintains stemness of ADSCs. It is intriguing that overexpression of SKL significantly increased PPAR-γ expression and lipid formation in ADSCs following adipogenic induction, indicating enhanced adipogenic differentiation. Overexpression of SKL inhibited expression of TGFβ1 and its downstream signaling mediator Smad2/3. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that SKL is essential to the maintenance of normal proliferation and differentiation in ADSCs. Klotho regulates adipogenic differentiation in ADSCs, likely via inhibition of TGFβ1 and activation of PPAR-γ. Stem Cells 2016;34:1615-1625.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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