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Tsai CL, Chen ZR, Chia PS, Pan CY, Tseng YT, Chen WC. Acute resistance exercise combined with whole body vibration and blood flow restriction: Molecular and neurocognitive effects in late-middle-aged and older adults. Exp Gerontol 2024; 192:112450. [PMID: 38710456 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Limited research exists regarding the effects of resistance exercise (RE) combined with whole body vibration (WBV), blood flow restriction (BFR), or both on the neuropsychological performance of working memory (WM) in late-middle-aged and older adults and regarding the physiological mechanisms underlying this effect. This study thus explored the acute molecular and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying WM performance following RE combined with WBV, BFR, or both. Sixty-six participants were randomly assigned into a WBV, BFR, or WBV + BFR group. Before and after the participants engaged in a single bout of isometric RE combined with WBV, BFR, or both, this study gathered data on several neurocognitive measures of WM performance, namely, accuracy rate (AR), reaction time (RT), and brain event-related potential (specifically P3 latency and amplitude), and data on biochemical indices, such as the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), norepinephrine (NE), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Although none of the RE modalities significantly affected RTs and P3 latencies, ARs and P3 amplitudes significantly improved in the WBV and WBV + BFR groups. The WBV + BFR group exhibited greater improvements than the WBV group did. Following acute RE combined with WBV, BFR, or both, IGF-1 and NE levels significantly increased in all groups, whereas BDNF levels did not change. Crucially, only the changes in NE levels were significantly correlated with improvements in ARs in the WBV + BFR and WBV groups. The findings suggest that combining acute RE with WBV, BFR, or both could distinctively mitigate neurocognitive decline in late-middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Liang Tsai
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
| | - Zi-Rong Chen
- Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Shan Chia
- Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Pan
- Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Kinesiology, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chyuan Chen
- Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sleep Center, Linkou-Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan.
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Deng N, Soh KG, Abdullah BB, Huang D, Xu F, Bashir M, Zhang D. Effects of plyometric training on health-related physical fitness in untrained participants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11272. [PMID: 38760392 PMCID: PMC11101471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61905-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Plyometric training (PT) is an effective training method for improving physical fitness among trained individuals; however, its impact on health-related physical fitness in untrained participants remains ambiguous. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of PT on health-related physical fitness among untrained participants. Six electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE Complete, Web of Science Core Collection, SCOPUS, and SPORTDiscus) were systematically searched until March 2024. We included controlled trials that examined the effects of PT on health-related physical fitness indices in untrained participants. Twenty-one studies were eligible, including a total of 1263 participants. Our analyses revealed small to moderate effects of PT on body mass index, muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and flexibility (ES = 0.27-0.61; all p > 0.05). However, no significant effects were detected for body fat percentage and lean mass (ES = 0.21-0.41; all p > 0.05). In conclusion, the findings suggest that PT may be potentially effective in improving health-related physical fitness indices (i.e., body mass index, muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and flexibility) in untrained participants. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to data limitations in some fitness variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuannuan Deng
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Kim Geok Soh
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Borhannudin Bin Abdullah
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Dandan Huang
- College of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Marrium Bashir
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Hu Y, Fang B, Tian X, Wang H, Tian X, Yu F, Li T, Yang Z, Shi R. Passive exercise is an effective alternative to HRT for restoring OVX induced mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1356312. [PMID: 38356957 PMCID: PMC10864566 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1356312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Postmenopausal women are more prone to develop muscle weakness, which is strongly associated with impairment of mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle. This study aimed to examine the impact of a passive exercise modality, whole-body vibration training (WBVT), on muscle mitochondrial function in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, in comparison with 17β-estradiol (E2) replacement. Methods Female C57BL/6J mice were assigned to four groups: sham operation control group (Sham), ovariectomized group (OVX), OVX with E2 supplement group (OVX+E), and OVX with WBVT group (OVX+W). The estrous cycle, body weight, body composition, and muscle strength of the mice were monitored after the operation. Serum E2 level was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ATP levels were determined using a luciferase-catalyzed bioluminescence assay. The activity of mitochondrial respiration chain complexes was evaluated using high-resolution respirometry (O2K). Expression levels of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) were detected using western blotting. Results We observed decreased muscle strength and impaired mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle of OVX mice. The vibration training alleviated these impairments as much as the E2 supplement. In addition, the vibration training was superior to the ovariectomy and the estradiol replacement regarding the protein expression of PGC-1α and TFAM. Conclusion WBVT improves the OVX-induced decline in muscle strength and impairment of mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle. This passive exercise strategy may be useful as an alternative to E2 replacement for preventing menopausal muscular weakness. Further studies are needed to understand the effects of WBVT on various physiological systems, and precautions should be taken when implementing it in patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhijie Yang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Rengfei Shi
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Tan TW, Tan HL, Hsu MF, Huang HL, Chung YC. Effect of non-pharmacological interventions on the prevention of sarcopenia in menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:606. [PMID: 37964288 PMCID: PMC10647115 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a chronic disease marked by gradual muscle system and functional decline. Prior research indicates its prevalence in those under 60 varies from 8 to 36%. There is limited evidence on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for sarcopenia prevention in menopausal women aged 40-60. This study examines the influence of such interventions for sarcopenia prevention on these women. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PEDro, and Airiti Library were searched from inception until May 5, 2023. Randomized controlled trials that examined exercise, vitamin D and protein supplementation effects on muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Quality assessment used the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and analysis employed Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0. RESULTS A total of 27 randomized controlled trials, involving 1,989 participants were identified. Meta-analysis results showed exercise improved lean body mass (SMD = 0.232, 95% CI: 0.097, 0.366), handgrip strength (SMD = 0.901, 95% CI: 0.362, 1.441), knee extension strength (SMD = 0.698, 95% CI: 0.384, 1.013). Resistance training had a small effect on lean body mass, longer exercise duration (> 12 weeks) and higher frequency (60-90 min, 3 sessions/week) showed small to moderate effects on lean body mass. Vitamin D supplementation improved handgrip strength (SMD = 0.303, 95% CI: 0.130, 0.476), but not knee extension strength. There was insufficient data to assess the impact of protein supplementation on muscle strength. CONCLUSIONS Exercise effectively improves muscle mass, and strength in menopausal women. Resistance training with 3 sessions per week, lasting 20-90 min for at least 6 weeks, is most effective. Vitamin D supplementation enhances small muscle group strength. Further trials are needed to assess the effects of vitamin D and protein supplementation on sarcopenia prevention. REGISTRATION NUMBER This review was registered on PROSPERO CRD42022329273.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wan Tan
- Department of Nursing, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ling Tan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Min-Fang Hsu
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Huang
- Department of Healthcare Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chu Chung
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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de Oliveira RDJ, de Oliveira RG, de Oliveira LC, Santos-Filho SD, Sá-Caputo DC, Bernardo-Filho M. Effectiveness of whole-body vibration on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:29-52. [PMID: 36282343 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-022-06556-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study observed significant effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women, with high-quality evidence for high-frequency, low-magnitude, and high-cumulative-dose use. The aim was to update a previous systematic review with meta-analysis to observe the effects of WBV on BMD in postmenopausal women. For the meta-analysis, the weighted mean difference between WBV and control groups, or WBV and conventional exercise, was used for the area of bone mineral density (aBMD) of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, trochanter, intertrochanter, and Ward's area, or volumetric trabecular bone mineral density (vBMDt) of the radius and tibia. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale and the quality of evidence using the GRADE system. In total, 23 studies were included in the systematic review and 20 in the meta-analysis. Thirteen studies showed high methodological quality. WBV compared with control groups showed significant effects on aBMD in the primary analysis (lumbar spine and trochanter), sensitivity (lumbar spine), side-alternating vibration (lumbar spine and trochanter), synchronous vibration (lumbar spine), low frequency and high magnitude (lumbar spine and trochanter), high frequency and low magnitude (lumbar spine), high frequency and high magnitude (lumbar spine, trochanter, and Ward's area), high cumulative dose and low magnitude (lumbar spine), low cumulative dose and high magnitude (lumbar spine and trochanter), and positioning with semi-flexed knees (trochanter). Of these results, only high frequency associated with low magnitude and high cumulative dose with low magnitude showed high-quality evidence. At this time, considering the high quality of evidence, it is possible to recommend WBV using high frequency (≈ 30 Hz), low magnitude (≈ 0.3 g), and high cumulative dose (≈ 7000 min) to improve lumbar spine aBMD in postmenopausal women. Other parameters, although promising, need to be better investigated, considering, when applicable, the safety of the participants, especially in vibrations with higher magnitudes (≥ 1 g).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raphael Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Alameda Padre Magno, CEP: 86.400-000, Jacarezinho, Nova Alcântara PR, 841, Brazil.
| | - Laís Campos de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Alameda Padre Magno, CEP: 86.400-000, Jacarezinho, Nova Alcântara PR, 841, Brazil
| | - Sebastião David Santos-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes e Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Danúbia Cunha Sá-Caputo
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes e Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mario Bernardo-Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes e Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Reis-Silva A, Coelho-Oliveira AC, Martins-Anjos E, Moura-Fernandes MC, Mulder A, Xavier VL, Mendonça VA, Lacerda ACR, Paineiras-Domingos LL, Taiar R, Sartorio A, Bernardo-Filho M, Sá-Caputo DC. Impact of Two Whole-Body Vibration Exercise Protocols on Body Composition of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:ijerph20010436. [PMID: 36612756 PMCID: PMC9819771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: This study investigated the effects of two 6-week whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE) protocols on body composition in patients with metabolic syndrome (MSy). Thirty-three patients were allocated to either the Fixed Frequency WBVE Group (FFG-WBVE) or the Variable Frequency WBVE Group (VFG-WBVE). (2) Methods: A side-alternating vibration platform was used and the patients remained in the semi-squat position on this platform. In the FFG-WBVE (n = 12; median age = 50.50 years) and (body mass index BMI = 31.95 kg/m2), patients were exposed to 10 s of mechanical vibration at a fixed frequency of 5 Hz, followed by 50 s without vibration. In the VFG-WBVE (n = 10; median age = 57.50 years) and (BMI = 32.50 kg/m2), the patients performed 60 s of mechanical vibration at different frequencies from 5 to 16 Hz). Body composition evaluated through (bioelectrical impedance analysis and anthropometric measurements) were was evaluated before and after the all the interventions in each group. (3) Results: The VFG-WBVE decreased waist circumference, p = 0.01 and segmental fat mass [left arm, p = 0.01; right arm, p = 0.02 and trunk, p = 0.03]. Bone content increased, p = 0.01. No significant changes were observed in the FFG- WBVE. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrated that 6 weeks of WBVE with a protocol with variable frequency can positively modify the body composition of MSY patients. These findings might contribute to improvements in the metabolic health of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Reis-Silva
- Medicina Laboratorial e Tecnologia Forense, Programa de Pós-Graduação Profissional em Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-981-304-162
| | - Ana C. Coelho-Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elzi Martins-Anjos
- Medicina Laboratorial e Tecnologia Forense, Programa de Pós-Graduação Profissional em Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil
| | - Márcia Cristina Moura-Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Mulder
- Departamento de Nutrição Aplicada, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Layter Xavier
- Departamento de Estatística, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa A. Mendonça
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina 39100-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana C. R. Lacerda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina 39100-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Instituto Multidisciplinar de Reabilitação e Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40210-905, BA, Brazil
| | - Redha Taiar
- MATériaux et Ingénierie Mécanique (MATIM), Université de Reims, F-51100 Reims, France
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Bernardo-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Universitária Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, RJ, Brazil
| | - Danúbia C. Sá-Caputo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil
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Benefits of Two 24-Week Interactive Cognitive-Motor Programs on Body Composition, Lower-Body Strength, and Processing Speed in Community Dwellings at Risk of Falling: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127117. [PMID: 35742365 PMCID: PMC9222305 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This 24-week randomized controlled trial study evaluated the effects of two interactive cognitive−motor programs on body composition, lower-body strength, and processing speed in community dwellings at risk of falling. Forty-eight participants (75.0 ± 5.4 years) were allocated into EG1 (psychomotor intervention program), EG2 (combined program (psychomotor intervention + whole-body vibration)), and a control group. EG programs induced significant improvements in bone mass, lower-body strength, and processing speed (p < 0.05), with similar treatment effects on lower-body strength and processing speed and higher bone mineral content and density within EG2. The fall rate decreased in EG1 (44.2%) and EG2 (63%) (p < 0.05). After the 12-week no-intervention follow-up, improvements in lower-body strength were reversed in both EGs, but those in processing speed were maintained, mainly in EG2 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, both programs were accepted and well tolerated. The combined program led to additional benefits in bone mass. Both programs positively impacted physical and cognitive risk factors for falls and injuries. They induced similar improvements in lower-body strength and processing speed, decreasing the fall rate. These findings suggest that both programs are successful for fall and injury prevention in the studied population.
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The Effects of 32 Weeks of Multicomponent Training with Different Exercises Order in Elderly Women’s Functional Fitness and Body Composition. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58050628. [PMID: 35630045 PMCID: PMC9146974 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58050628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Starting the multicomponent training sessions with aerobic-based exercises or resistance-based exercises may have different effects on functional fitness and body composition. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of the order of exercises in elderly women’s physical fitness and body composition by multicomponent training. Materials and Methods: A sample of 91 elderly females, aged between 60 and 81, were randomly divided into three groups (A, B, C). Each group performed the following order of exercises: Group A consisted of warm-up followed by aerobic training, strength training, stretching and cool down; Group B consisted of warm-up followed by strength training, aerobic training, stretching and cool down; while the control group (C) did not perform any exercise. Functional fitness and body composition were assessed at 3 moments of the 32 weeks (baseline and after each 16-week) intervention. One-way ANOVA for comparison between groups, ANOVA for repeated measures and multiple linear regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The results showed that the functional fitness and body composition varied over the 32 weeks of multicomponent training. However, group A seems to show higher improvements in more variables. Conclusion: In the current study, group A obtained better results in most of the evaluated parameters. Thus, to improve functional fitness, warm-up, followed by aerobic training, strength training and relaxation may be the most suitable training for elderly women.
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Pérez-Gómez J, Redondo PC, Navarrete-Villanueva D, Lozano-Berges G, Ara I, González-Gross M, Casajus JA, Vicente-Rodríguez G. New Evidence on Regucalcin, Body Composition, and Walking Ability Adaptations to Multicomponent Exercise Training in Functionally Limited and Frail Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:363. [PMID: 35010623 PMCID: PMC8744755 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regucalcin, or senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30), is a Ca2+-binding protein with multiple functions reported in the literature. Physical exercise has been shown to improve aging markers; nevertheless, SMP30 in humans has not been extensively researched. Older adults experience a decline in functional capacity and body composition. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a multicomponent training (MCT) program on SMP30 and its regulation of walking ability and body composition in functionally limited, frail, and pre-frail older adults. METHODS A total of 34 older adults (aged 80.3 ± 6.1 years) were divided into an intervention group (IG = 20) and control group (CG = 14). The IG performed a supervised MCT (strength, endurance, balance, coordination, and flexibility) program for 6 months, 3 days per week, whereas the CG continued their normal lives without any specific physical training. SMP30 was analyzed in plasma after 3 and 6 months of MCT, while some physical fitness variables (Timed Up and Go (TUG) and 6-min walk test (6MWT)) and body composition (fat mass and lean mass) were measured at baseline, as well as after 3 months and 6 months of MCT. RESULTS No significant changes were observed in SPM30 between the IG (877.5 a.u. to 940.5 a.u., respectively) and CG (790.4 a.u. to 763.8 a.u., respectively). Moreover, no SMP30 differences were found between groups after 3 and 6 months of MCT. The IG improved significantly in the 6MWT after 3 months (472.2 ± 84.2 m) compared to baseline (411.2 ± 75.2 m). The IG also significantly enhanced their TUG performance after 3 months (7.6 ± 1.6 s) and 6 months (7.3 ± 1.8 s) of training compared to baseline (9.3 ± 3.2 s) (all, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in body composition between the IG and CG through the 6 months of MCT. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that MCT did not change SMP30 levels from 3 to 6 months, where there were changes in neither walking ability nor body composition; however, MCT was effective in improving 6MWT and TUG performance from baseline to 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- HEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pedro C. Redondo
- Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - David Navarrete-Villanueva
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain; (D.N.-V.); (G.L.-B.); (J.A.C.); (G.V.-R.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gabriel Lozano-Berges
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain; (D.N.-V.); (G.L.-B.); (J.A.C.); (G.V.-R.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Casajus
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain; (D.N.-V.); (G.L.-B.); (J.A.C.); (G.V.-R.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 22001 Huesca, Spain; (D.N.-V.); (G.L.-B.); (J.A.C.); (G.V.-R.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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10
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Jo NG, Kang SR, Ko MH, Yoon JY, Kim HS, Han KS, Kim GW. Effectiveness of Whole-Body Vibration Training to Improve Muscle Strength and Physical Performance in Older Adults: Prospective, Single-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9060652. [PMID: 34072657 PMCID: PMC8226869 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-body vibration training (WBVT) is emerging as an alternative exercise method that be easily performed by older adults. This clinical trial investigates the efficacy of WBVT in improving muscle strength and physical performance before resistance exercise, in comparison to conventional resistance exercise after stretching exercise in older adults. The WBVT group (n = 20) performed WBVT using a vibrating platform (SW-VC15™), followed by strengthening exercises. The control group (n = 20) performed stretching instead of WBVT. Both groups underwent a total of 12 sessions (50 min per session). The primary outcome was isokinetic dynamometer. The secondary outcomes were grip strength, short physical performance battery (SPPB), a 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), and body composition analysis. In all results, only the time effect was significant, and the group effect or time x group effect was not. Both groups showed a significant increase in isokinetic dynamometer. Although there was no significant group effect, the increase in mean peak torque was greater in the WBVT group. The only WBVT group showed significant improvement in SPPB. In SF-36, only the control group showed significant improvements. WBVT can be safely performed by older adults and may be an alternative exercise method to boost the effect of strengthening exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Gyu Jo
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (N.-G.J.); (M.-H.K.); (J.-Y.Y.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.-R.K.); (H.-S.K.)
| | - Seung-Rok Kang
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.-R.K.); (H.-S.K.)
| | - Myoung-Hwan Ko
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (N.-G.J.); (M.-H.K.); (J.-Y.Y.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.-R.K.); (H.-S.K.)
| | - Ju-Yul Yoon
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (N.-G.J.); (M.-H.K.); (J.-Y.Y.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.-R.K.); (H.-S.K.)
| | - Hye-Seong Kim
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.-R.K.); (H.-S.K.)
| | - Kap-Soo Han
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.-R.K.); (H.-S.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.-S.H.); (G.-W.K.)
| | - Gi-Wook Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (N.-G.J.); (M.-H.K.); (J.-Y.Y.)
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Korea; (S.-R.K.); (H.-S.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.-S.H.); (G.-W.K.)
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11
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Rubio-Arias JÁ, Martínez-Aranda LM, Andreu-Caravaca L, Sanz G, Benito PJ, Ramos-Campo DJ. Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Strength in the Population Who Are Overweight and Obese: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 102:2442-2453. [PMID: 33965395 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of whole-body vibration training (WBVT) on body composition, metabolic and cardiovascular risk variables, and lower limb strength in participants who are overweight/obese. DATA SOURCES A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted in 3 databases (PubMed-MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) from inception through to January 26, 2020. STUDY SELECTION Studies analyzing the effect of WBVT on body composition variables, metabolic profile, blood pressure, heart rate, and lower limb strength in the population who are overweight/obese, with interventions of a minimum length of 2 weeks were included. DATA EXTRACTION After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 studies involving 884 participants who were obese/overweight (experimental group: 543; weight=79.9 kg; body mass index (BMI) =31.3 kg/m2, obesity class I according to World Health Organization) were used in the quantitative analysis. The sex of the participants involved in the studies were as follows: (1) 17 studies included only female participants; (2) 1 study included only boys, and (3) 5 studies included both sexes. Meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, and meta-regression methods were used to calculate the mean difference and standardized mean difference (SMD; ± 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) as well as to analyze the effects of pre-post intervention WBVT and differences from control groups. DATA SYNTHESIS WBVT led to a significant decrease in fat mass (-1.07 kg, not clinically significant). In addition, WBVT reduced systolic blood pressure (-7.01 mmHg, clinically significant), diastolic blood pressure (-1.83 mmHg), and heart rate (-2.23 bpm), as well as increased the lower extremity strength (SMD=0.63; range, 0.40-0.86). On the other hand, WBVT did not modify the weight, BMI, muscle mass, cholesterol, triglycerides, or glucose. CONCLUSIONS WBVT could be an effective training modality to reduce blood pressure (clinically relevant) and resting heart rate. In addition, WBVT led to improved lower limb strength. However, these findings were not consistent with significant improvements on other variables associated with metabolic syndrome (body composition, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobo Á Rubio-Arias
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Department of Education. University of Almería, Almeria, Spain.
| | | | - Luis Andreu-Caravaca
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of San Antonio (UCAM), Murcia, Spain; International Chair of Sports Medicine, Catholic University of San Antonio (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Gema Sanz
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Gnomics, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro J Benito
- LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo J Ramos-Campo
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University of San Antonio (UCAM), Murcia, Spain; Department of Education, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Daniels KAJ, King E, Richter C, Falvey É, Franklyn-Miller A. Changes in the kinetics and kinematics of a reactive cut maneuver after successful athletic groin pain rehabilitation. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 31:839-847. [PMID: 33098142 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Athletic groin pain (AGP) is a chronic, painful condition which is prevalent in players of field sports that require rapid changes of direction. Following successful rehabilitation, systematic changes have been observed in the kinetics and kinematics of pre-planned change of direction maneuvers, providing insight into potential foci for rehabilitation monitoring and for the assessment of interventions. However, changing direction in field sports is often reactive rather than pre-planned, and it is not known whether such post-rehabilitation changes are seen in reactive maneuvers. We analyzed the stance phase kinetics and kinematics of a 90° reactive cutting maneuver in 35 AGP patients before and after a successful exercise intervention program. Following the intervention, transverse plane rotation of the pelvis toward the intended direction of travel increased, and the body center of mass was positioned more anteriorly relative to the center of pressure. Ankle dorsiflexion also increased, and participants demonstrated greater ankle plantar flexor internal moment and power during the second half of stance. These findings provide insight into mechanical variables of potential importance in AGP, as identified during a maneuver based on a common sporting task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A J Daniels
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,Queen's School of Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Enda King
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Chris Richter
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - Éanna Falvey
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Andy Franklyn-Miller
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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13
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Moradell A, Navarrete-Villanueva D, Fernández-García ÁI, Marín-Puyalto J, Gómez-Bruton A, Pedrero-Chamizo R, Pérez-Gómez J, Ara I, Casajus JA, Gómez-Cabello A, Vicente-Rodríguez G. Role of Dietary Intake and Serum 25(OH)D on the Effects of a Multicomponent Exercise Program on Bone Mass and Structure of Frail and Pre-Frail Older Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103016. [PMID: 33019701 PMCID: PMC7601843 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The multicomponent training (MCT) effect on bone health in frail and pre-frail elders, which is influenced by dietary intake, is still unknown. The objective of this non-randomized intervention trial was to assess the effects of a 6-month MCT on bone structure in frail and pre-frail elders, and to analyse the influence of dietary intake and serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) in these changes. Thirty MCT (TRAIN) and sixteen controls (CON), frail and pre-frail completed the information required for this study. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography measurements were taken at 4% and 38% of the tibia length and dietary intake was registered. The 25(OH)D values were obtained from blood samples. Analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) for repeated measures showed significant decreases for CON in total bone mineral content at 38% of tibia length. One factor ANOVAs showed smaller decreases in bone mineral density and cortical thickness percentage of change in TRAIN compared to CON. Linear regression analyses were performed to study the influence of nutrients and 25(OH)D on bone changes. Alcohol showed a negative influence on fracture index changes, while polyunsaturated fatty acid and vitamin A showed a positive association with some bone variables. The 25(OH)D only affected positively the cortical bone mineral density. In conclusion, our MCT seems to slow down some of the bone detriments associated with ageing in frail and pre-frail older adults, with alcohol showing a negative effect on the bone and apparent limited effect of nutrients and serum 25(OH)D on training related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Moradell
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.M.-P.); (A.G.-B.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón -IA2-, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David Navarrete-Villanueva
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.M.-P.); (A.G.-B.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón -IA2-, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Faculty of Health, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel I. Fernández-García
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.M.-P.); (A.G.-B.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón -IA2-, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jorge Marín-Puyalto
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.M.-P.); (A.G.-B.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón -IA2-, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Gómez-Bruton
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.M.-P.); (A.G.-B.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón -IA2-, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel Pedrero-Chamizo
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- HEME Research Group, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A. Casajus
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.M.-P.); (A.G.-B.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón -IA2-, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Faculty of Health, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Biomedical Research Net in Physiopatology, Obesity and Nutricition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Gómez-Cabello
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.M.-P.); (A.G.-B.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón -IA2-, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Biomedical Research Net in Physiopatology, Obesity and Nutricition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Defense University Center, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.M.-P.); (A.G.-B.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón -IA2-, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Exercise and Health in Special Population Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Biomedical Research Net in Physiopatology, Obesity and Nutricition (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-876-55-37-56
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14
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Alavinia SM, Omidvar M, Craven BC. Does whole body vibration therapy assist in reducing fat mass or treating obesity in healthy overweight and obese adults? A systematic review and meta-analyses. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 43:1935-1947. [PMID: 31749405 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1688871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review describes the effects of Whole Body Vibration therapy (WBV) for reducing fat mass (%/kg) among healthy (no comorbid disease) overweight and obese adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS Systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and PubMed databases up to 27th March 2019. Studies evaluating the effects of WBV therapy on fat mass as a primary or secondary outcome among healthy (no comorbid disease), overweight or obese adults (Body Mass Index ≥25) were included. RESULTS Following the search, 2,420 studies were reviewed and 1,603 studies were selected for title and abstract screening. Of 153 studies considered for full-text review, 13 controlled trials were included in the systematic review. Two meta-analyses were performed for five studies. The first random effects (I2 = 70%, p-value = 0.02) meta-analysis, revealed a statistically significant mean change for percent fat mass (-2.56, 95% CI: -3.81, -1.31). The second fixed effects meta-analysis, revealed a significant mean change (-1.91, 95% CI: -2.64, -1.18) for fat mass/kg. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analyses indicate a positive effect of Whole Body Vibration therapy on reducing fat mass (%/kg), especially when combined with conventional weight loss interventions specifically, diet and exercise.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONWhole Body Vibration therapy may assist obese and bariatric clients with weight loss.Whole Body Vibration therapy with conventional weight loss strategies may augment reductions in fat mass among obese clients in rehabilitation setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohammad Alavinia
- Neural Engineering and Therapeutic Team, Lyndhurst Centre, KITE-Toronto Rehab, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maryam Omidvar
- Neural Engineering and Therapeutic Team, Lyndhurst Centre, KITE-Toronto Rehab, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - B Catharine Craven
- Neural Engineering and Therapeutic Team, Lyndhurst Centre, KITE-Toronto Rehab, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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15
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Marín-Cascales E, Rubio-Arias JÁ, Alcaraz PE. Effects of Two Different Neuromuscular Training Protocols on Regional Bone Mass in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Physiol 2019; 10:846. [PMID: 31354513 PMCID: PMC6635564 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis is a condition associated with a greater incidence of fractures, and one of the main health-related concerns in postmenopausal women. To counteract possible reductions in bone properties, physical exercise has been proposed as an effective strategy. Particularly, training interventions with a high osteogenic potential are recommended. Purpose: To analyze the effect of 24 weeks of whole-body vibration and multi-component training on lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mass, and to determine what type of training produces greater adaptations in postmenopausal women. Methods: A total of 38 women completed the study (Clinical Gov database ID: NCT01966562). Participants were randomly assigned to one of the study groups: whole-body vibration group (WBVG), multi-component training group (MTG), or control group (CG). The experimental groups performed a progressive 24-week training (3 sessions/week) program. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were assessed by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: Significantly and clinically relevant increases in lumbar spine bone mass (BMD: F = 3.29; p = 0.03; +5.15%; BMC: F = 2.90; p = 0.05; +10.58%) were observed in WBVG. MTG showed clinically important pre-post-changes on lumbar spine BMC (+7.78%), although there was no statistical significance (F = 1.97; p = 0.14). At the femoral neck, no statistically significant increases on bone mass were obtained in either training group. No changes were obtained in any variable in the CG. Additionally, no statistically significant differences were found between groups. Conclusion: The results indicated that 24 weeks of supervised WBV and MT may counteract the rapid loss of bone mass after the cessation of menstruation, thus improving postmenopausal women bone health. However, in the absence of statistically significant differences between groups, it is not possible to determine which training protocol produces greater adaptations. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrialsgov, identifier: NCT01966562.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Marín-Cascales
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro E. Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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16
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Vetrovsky T, Steffl M, Stastny P, Tufano JJ. The Efficacy and Safety of Lower-Limb Plyometric Training in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2019; 49:113-131. [PMID: 30387072 PMCID: PMC6349785 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-1018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aging process is associated with a progressive decline of neuromuscular function, increased risk of falls and fractures, impaired functional performance, and loss of independence. Plyometric training may mitigate or even reverse such age-related deterioration; however, little research on the effects of plyometric exercises has been performed in older adults. OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of plyometric training in older adults. METHODS Papers reporting on randomized trials of plyometric training in older adults (≥ 60 years) and published up to December 2017 were sought in the PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and EMBASE databases, and their methodological quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. A narrative synthesis of the findings is presented in this systematic review. RESULTS Of the 2236 identified papers, 18 were included in the review, reporting on 12 different studies with a mean PEDro score of 6.0 (range 4-7). Altogether, 289 subjects (176 females and 113 males) were included in 15 intervention groups with plyometric components (n = 8-36 per group); their mean age ranged from 58.4 to 79.4 years. The plyometric training lasted from 4 weeks to 12 months. Muscular strength, bone health, body composition, postural stability, and jump and physical performance were the most often reported outcomes. No study reported increased occurrence of injuries or other adverse events related to plyometric exercises. CONCLUSION Plyometric training is a feasible and safe training option with potential for improving various performance, functional, and health-related outcomes in older persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Vetrovsky
- The Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Steffl
- The Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Stastny
- Department of Sport Games, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - James J Tufano
- The Strength and Conditioning Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Clinical Approaches of Whole-Body Vibration Exercises in Individuals with Stroke: A Narrative Revision. Rehabil Res Pract 2018; 2018:8180901. [PMID: 30345117 PMCID: PMC6174747 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8180901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is associated with long-term disability and patients experience numerous physical impairments including muscle weakness, particularly in the paretic limbs, balance, and functional mobility. During acute stroke rehabilitation, when individuals are less likely to be functionally independent and rely on rehabilitative care, the efficacy of low skill interventions that can reduce sedentary behaviour should be established. As such, this narrative revision focused on the use of empirical studies of whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE) on different health outcomes in stroke patients. The effects of WBVE on neuromuscular performance (muscular strength and power), mobility, spasticity, and cardiovascular responses have been highlighted. Although some positive results were reported we can conclude that there is no solid evidence confirming the beneficial effects of WBVE among people with stroke compared with either other types of physical activities or sham WBVE. Therefore, further research should be performed in this area, testing the feasibility and efficacy of using WBVE in a more homogeneous sample of stroke patients or comparing different WBVE parameters.
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Marín-Cascales E, Alcaraz PE, Ramos-Campo DJ, Martinez-Rodriguez A, Chung LH, Rubio-Arias JÁ. Whole-body vibration training and bone health in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11918. [PMID: 30142802 PMCID: PMC6112924 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of the present systematic review and meta-analysis were to evaluate published, randomized controlled trials that investigate the effects on whole-body vibration (WBV) training on total, femoral neck, and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women, and identify the potential moderating factors explaining the adaptations to such training. METHODS From a search of electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane) up until September 2017, a total 10 studies with 14 WBV groups met the inclusion criteria. Three different authors tabulated, independently, the selected indices in identical predetermined forms. The methodological quality of all studies was evaluated according to the modified PEDro scale. For each trial, differences within arms were calculated as mean differences (MDs) and their 95% confidence intervals between pre- and postintervention values. The effects on bone mass between exercise and control groups were also expressed as MDs. Both analyses were performed in the total sample and in a specific class of postmenopausal women younger than 65 years of age (excluding older women). RESULTS The BMD of 462 postmenopausal women who performed WBV or control protocol was evaluated. Significant pre-post improvements in BMD of the lumbar spine were identified following WBV protocols (P = .03). Significant differences in femoral neck BMD (P = .03) were also found between intervention and control groups when analyzing studies that included postmenopausal women younger than 65 years. CONCLUSIONS WBV is an effective method to improve lumbar spine BMD in postmenopausal and older women and to enhance femoral neck BMD in postmenopausal women younger than 65 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro E. Alcaraz
- Research Center for High Performance Sport
- Faculty of Sport Sciences – Catholic University of Murcia, UCAM, Murcia
| | - Domingo J. Ramos-Campo
- Research Center for High Performance Sport
- Faculty of Sport Sciences – Catholic University of Murcia, UCAM, Murcia
| | | | - Linda H. Chung
- Research Center for High Performance Sport
- Faculty of Sport Sciences – Catholic University of Murcia, UCAM, Murcia
| | - Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias
- Research Center for High Performance Sport
- Faculty of Sport Sciences – Catholic University of Murcia, UCAM, Murcia
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Oliveira LC, Oliveira RG, Pires-Oliveira DA. Effects of the Pilates exercise compared to whole body vibration and no treatment controls on muscular strength and quality of life in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial. ISOKINET EXERC SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/ies-184118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laís C. Oliveira
- Health Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
| | - Raphael G. Oliveira
- Health Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
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Effects of multicomponent training on lean and bone mass in postmenopausal and older women: a systematic review. Menopause 2018; 25:346-356. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Carvalho LP, Borghi-Silva A, Dupontgand S, Di Thommazo-Luporini L, Mendes RG, Aubertin-Leheudre M. Influence of menopausal status on the main contributors of muscle quality. Climacteric 2018; 21:298-302. [PMID: 29381096 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1428294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle quality is a strong independent predictor of physical function. Body mass and fatness, muscle mass and cardiorespiratory fitness are known to influence muscle quality. OBJECTIVE To identify the contributors of muscle quality in young and postmenopausal women and whether hormone replacement therapy (HT) could influence this relationship at the age of menopause. METHODS Fifty-four postmenopausal women, 27 not on HT (PMW) and 27 on HT (PMW-HT), and 33 young women (YW) were evaluated for (1) body composition (body mass index, BMI), total fat mass (FM, %), appendicular lean mass (ALM, in kg and %), and appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI = ALM/height2 in kg/m2); (2) absolute peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak, in ml/min) and relative peak oxygen uptake (VO2peakRel in ml/kg/min); and (3) absolute isometric knee extension strength (iKES in kg) and relative isometric knee extension strength (iKES/BMI and iKES/ALM). RESULTS YW, PMW and PMW-HT had similar BMI (32.1 ± 10.2, 27.3 ± 4.7 and 26.7 ± 4 kg/m2) and FM (39.8 ± 10.0, 39.8 ± 7.3 and 39.9 ± 7.1%), respectively. Correlations were found between iKES/BMI index and FM (r = -0.52), ALM (r = 0.32) and VO2peak (r = 0.31). Regression analysis demonstrated that, in YW, total amount of variance in iKES/BMI was mostly explained by ALM (42%), whereas, in PMW and PMW-HT, it was cumulatively explained by FM along with VO2peakRel (34 and 46%, respectively). CONCLUSION The main contributors of muscle quality differ between young and postmenopausal women and HT does not seem to influence this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Carvalho
- a Department of Physical Therapy , University of Sao Carlos , Sao Carlos , SP , Brazil.,b Department of Physical Activity Sciences , University of Quebec in Montreal , Montreal , QC , Canada.,c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - A Borghi-Silva
- a Department of Physical Therapy , University of Sao Carlos , Sao Carlos , SP , Brazil
| | - S Dupontgand
- b Department of Physical Activity Sciences , University of Quebec in Montreal , Montreal , QC , Canada.,c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | | | - R G Mendes
- a Department of Physical Therapy , University of Sao Carlos , Sao Carlos , SP , Brazil
| | - M Aubertin-Leheudre
- b Department of Physical Activity Sciences , University of Quebec in Montreal , Montreal , QC , Canada.,c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal , QC , Canada
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