1
|
Zhang Q, Lu F, Zhang C, Yu X, Yang X, Yan H. Blocking exosomal secretion aggravated 1,4-benzoquinone-induced cytotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1099-1106. [PMID: 37818967 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Benzene exposure inhibits the hematopoietic system and leads to the occurrence of various types of leukemia. However, the mechanism underlying the hematotoxicity of benzene is still largely unclear. Emerging evidence has shown that exosomes are involved in toxic mechanisms of benzene. To understand the effect of 1,4-benzoquinone (PBQ; an active metabolite of benzene in bone marrow) on the exosomal release characteristics and role of exosomal secretion in PBQ-induced cytotoxicity. Exosomes were isolated from PBQ-treated HL-60 cells, purified by ultracentrifugation, and verified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and the presence of specific biomarkers. Our results showed that PBQ increased exosomal secretion in a dose-dependent manner, reaching a peak in 3 h at 10 μM PBQ treatment and then slowly decreasing in HL-60 cells. The exosomes contained miRNAs, which have been reported to be associated with benzene exposure or benzene poisoning. In particular, mir-34a-3p and mir-34A-5p were enriched in exosomes derived from PBQ-treated cells. In addition, the inhibition of exosomal release by GW4869 (an inhibitor of exosomal release) exacerbated PBQ-induced cytotoxicity, including increased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased the apoptosis rate. Our findings illustrated that exosomes secretion plays an important role in antagonizing PBQ-induced cytotoxicity and maintaining cell homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Medicine, Shandong Xiandai University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyuan Yu
- Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jimo City, Jimo, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjun Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kouroupis D, Kaplan LD, Huard J, Best TM. CD10-Bound Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Possess Immunomodulatory Cargo and Maintain Cartilage Homeostasis under Inflammatory Conditions. Cells 2023; 12:1824. [PMID: 37508489 PMCID: PMC10377825 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The onset and progression of human inflammatory joint diseases are strongly associated with the activation of resident synovium/infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) pro-inflammatory and pain-transmitting signaling. We recently reported that intra-articularly injected IFP-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (IFP-MSC) acquire a potent immunomodulatory phenotype and actively degrade substance P (SP) via neutral endopeptidase CD10 (neprilysin). Our hypothesis is that IFP-MSC robust immunomodulatory therapeutic effects are largely exerted via their CD10-bound small extracellular vesicles (IFP-MSC sEVs) by attenuating synoviocyte pro-inflammatory activation and articular cartilage degradation. Herein, IFP-MSC sEVs were isolated from CD10High- and CD10Low-expressing IFP-MSC cultures and their sEV miRNA cargo was assessed using multiplex methods. Functionally, we interrogated the effect of CD10High and CD10Low sEVs on stimulated by inflammatory/fibrotic cues synoviocyte monocultures and cocultures with IFP-MSC-derived chondropellets. Finally, CD10High sEVs were tested in vivo for their therapeutic capacity in an animal model of acute synovitis/fat pad fibrosis. Our results showed that CD10High and CD10Low sEVs possess distinct miRNA profiles. Reactome analysis of miRNAs highly present in sEVs showed their involvement in the regulation of six gene groups, particularly those involving the immune system. Stimulated synoviocytes exposed to IFP-MSC sEVs demonstrated significantly reduced proliferation and altered inflammation-related molecular profiles compared to control stimulated synoviocytes. Importantly, CD10High sEV treatment of stimulated chondropellets/synoviocyte cocultures indicated significant chondroprotective effects. Therapeutically, CD10High sEV treatment resulted in robust chondroprotective effects by retaining articular cartilage structure/composition and PRG4 (lubricin)-expressing cartilage cells in the animal model of acute synovitis/IFP fibrosis. Our study suggests that CD10High sEVs possess immunomodulatory miRNA attributes with strong chondroprotective/anabolic effects for articular cartilage in vivo. The results could serve as a foundation for sEV-based therapeutics for the resolution of detrimental aspects of immune-mediated inflammatory joint changes associated with conditions such as osteoarthritis (OA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Kouroupis
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33146, USA (T.M.B.)
- Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Lee D. Kaplan
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33146, USA (T.M.B.)
| | - Johnny Huard
- Linda and Mitch Hart Center for Regenerative and Personalized Medicine, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO 81657, USA;
| | - Thomas M. Best
- Department of Orthopaedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33146, USA (T.M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Remodeled CD146 +CD271 + Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Patients with Polycythemia Vera Exhibit Altered Hematopoietic Supportive Activity. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:406-416. [PMID: 36018465 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An essential component of the hematopoietic microenvironment, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) play an important role in the homeostasis and pathogenesis of the hematopoietic system by regulating the fate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Previous studies revealed that BM-MSCs were functionally remodeled by malignant cells in leukemia. However, the alterations in BM-MSCs in polycythemia vera (PV) and their effects on HSCs still need to be elucidated. Our results demonstrated that although BM-MSCs from PV patients shared similar surface markers with those from healthy donors, they exhibited enhanced proliferation, decreased senescence, and abnormal osteogenic differentiation capacities. The CD146+CD271+ BM-MSC subpopulation, which is considered to give rise to typical cultured BM-MSCs and form bone and the hematopoietic stroma, was then sorted. Compared with those from healthy donors, CD146+CD271+ BM-MSCs from PV patients showed an impaired mesensphere formation capacity and abnormal differentiation toward osteogenic lineages. In addition, CD146+CD271+ PV BM-MSCs showed altered hematopoietic supportive activity when cocultured with cord blood CD34+ cells. Our study suggested that remodeled CD146+CD271+ BM-MSCs might contribute to the pathogenesis of PV, a finding that will shed light on potential therapeutic strategies for PV.
Collapse
|
4
|
Nejaddehbashi F, Radan M, Bayati V, Dianat M, Mard SA, Mansouri Z. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in emphysema: Comparison of inflammatory markers changes in response to intratracheal and systemic delivery method. Tissue Cell 2023; 80:102011. [PMID: 36603371 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.102011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are the most important inflammatory mediators and are well-known as the main cause of emphysema. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) as a cell-based treatment strategy could play a pivotal role in lung regeneration through anti-inflammatory and paracrine properties. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to the comparison of inflammation markers' improvement in response to the intratracheal and systemic delivery method of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in emphysema. Forty-eight rats were divided into five groups including Control, Elastase (25 IU/kg, Intratracheal, at day first and 10th), Elastase+PBS, Intratracheal cell therapy (1 ×107, at day 28th), and Systemic cell therapy groups (1 ×107, Jugular vein, at day 28th). After 3 weeks, the blood gas analysis (PO2, PCO2 and pH), fibrinogen level, and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were measured in all groups. In addition, inflammatory genes expression, and concentration levels of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, and TGF-β,) were evaluated using Real-time PCR and Elisa kits, respectively. The statistical analysis of our data shows that local administration leads to more significant treatment efficacy with decreased inflammation parameters such as WBC count and pro-inflammatory cytokines in comparison with systemic treatment. Besides, these results were approved by more reduction of CRP and fibrinogen concentration levels in blood samples of intra-tracheal AMSCs-treated rats compare with the systemic group. Moreover, the improvement in histopathology indexes of the local administrated group was significantly better than the systemic group. Accordingly, the obtained results suggest local administration as the most efficacious route for mesenchymal stem cells delivery in patients with emphysema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Nejaddehbashi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Radan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center & Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Vahid Bayati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Mansouri
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aronowitz JA, Winterhalter B. Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cellular Therapy of Chronic Wounds. Regen Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-75517-1_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
6
|
Burkhardt LM, Bucher CH, Löffler J, Rinne C, Duda GN, Geissler S, Schulz TJ, Schmidt-Bleek K. The benefits of adipocyte metabolism in bone health and regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1104709. [PMID: 36895792 PMCID: PMC9988968 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1104709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from musculoskeletal diseases must cope with a diminished quality of life and an increased burden on medical expenses. The interaction of immune cells and mesenchymal stromal cells during bone regeneration is one of the key requirements for the restoration of skeletal integrity. While stromal cells of the osteo-chondral lineage support bone regeneration, an excessive accumulation of cells of the adipogenic lineage is thought to promote low-grade inflammation and impair bone regeneration. Increasing evidence indicates that pro-inflammatory signaling from adipocytes is responsible for various chronic musculoskeletal diseases. This review aims to summarize the features of bone marrow adipocytes by phenotype, function, secretory features, metabolic properties and their impact on bone formation. In detail, the master regulator of adipogenesis and prominent diabetes drug target, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG), will be debated as a potential therapeutic approach to enhance bone regeneration. We will explore the possibilities of using clinically established PPARG agonists, the thiazolidinediones (TZDs), as a treatment strategy to guide the induction of a pro-regenerative, metabolically active bone marrow adipose tissue. The impact of this PPARG induced bone marrow adipose tissue type on providing the necessary metabolites to sustain osteogenic-as well as beneficial immune cells during bone fracture healing will be highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Burkhardt
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian H Bucher
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Löffler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Rinne
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geissler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim J Schulz
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.,University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Charité, Berlin, Germany.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qu B, Han X, Zhao L, Zhang F, Gao Q. Relationship of HIF‑1α expression with apoptosis and cell cycle in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:239. [PMID: 35642674 PMCID: PMC9185697 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of abnormal clonal disorders with ineffective hematopoiesis, which are incurable with conventional therapy. Of note, MDS features an abnormal bone marrow microenvironment, which is related to its incidence. The hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) transcriptional signature is generally activated in bone marrow stem/progenitor cells of patients with MDS. To analyze the expression of HIF-1α in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and the apoptosis and cell cycle features associated with the disease, BM-MSCs were obtained from 40 patients with a definitive diagnosis of MDS and 20 subjects with hemocytopenia but a negative diagnosis of MDS as a control group. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were used to measure HIF-1α expression in cells from the two groups and apoptosis and cell cycle were also analyzed and compared between the groups using flow cytometry assays. BM-MSCs from both the control group and the MDS group exhibited a fibroblast-like morphology, had similar growth cycles and were difficult to passage stably. It was observed that BM-MSCs from the MDS group had significantly higher HIF-1α expression levels than the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the BM-MSCs from the MDS group had a higher proportion of cells in early apoptosis (5.22±1.34 vs. 2.04±0.08%; P<0.0001) and late apoptosis (3.38±0.43 vs. 1.23±0.11%; P<0.01) and exhibited cell cycle arrest. This may be a noteworthy aspect of the pathogenesis of MDS and may be related to high HIF-1α expression under a hypoxic state in the bone marrow microenvironment. Furthermore, the expression of HIF-1α in bone marrow tissue sections from patients with MDS in the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) lower-risk group was higher than that from patients with MDS in the IPSS high-risk group. These results revealed the role of HIF-1α as a central pathobiology mediator of MDS and an effective therapeutic target for a broad spectrum of patients with MDS, particularly for patients in the lower-risk group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Qu
- Department of Hematology, Jiading District Central Hospital, Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Xiuhua Han
- Department of Hematology, Jiading District Central Hospital, Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Lan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Jiading District Central Hospital, Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Jiading District Central Hospital, Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| | - Qingmei Gao
- Department of Hematology, Jiading District Central Hospital, Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Najar M, Melki R, Khalife F, Lagneaux L, Bouhtit F, Moussa Agha D, Fahmi H, Lewalle P, Fayyad-Kazan M, Merimi M. Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Value, Challenges and Optimization. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:716853. [PMID: 35096805 PMCID: PMC8795900 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.716853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular therapy aims to replace damaged resident cells by restoring cellular and molecular environments suitable for tissue repair and regeneration. Among several candidates, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a critical component of stromal niches known to be involved in tissue homeostasis. In vitro, MSCs appear as fibroblast-like plastic adherent cells regardless of the tissue source. The therapeutic value of MSCs is being explored in several conditions, including immunological, inflammatory and degenerative diseases, as well as cancer. An improved understanding of their origin and function would facilitate their clinical use. The stemness of MSCs is still debated and requires further study. Several terms have been used to designate MSCs, although consensual nomenclature has yet to be determined. The presence of distinct markers may facilitate the identification and isolation of specific subpopulations of MSCs. Regarding their therapeutic properties, the mechanisms underlying their immune and trophic effects imply the secretion of various mediators rather than direct cellular contact. These mediators can be packaged in extracellular vesicles, thus paving the way to exploit therapeutic cell-free products derived from MSCs. Of importance, the function of MSCs and their secretome are significantly sensitive to their environment. Several features, such as culture conditions, delivery method, therapeutic dose and the immunobiology of MSCs, may influence their clinical outcomes. In this review, we will summarize recent findings related to MSC properties. We will also discuss the main preclinical and clinical challenges that may influence the therapeutic value of MSCs and discuss some optimization strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rahma Melki
- Genetics and Immune-Cell Therapy Unit, LBBES Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Ferial Khalife
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences I, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fatima Bouhtit
- Genetics and Immune-Cell Therapy Unit, LBBES Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco.,Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Douaa Moussa Agha
- Genetics and Immune-Cell Therapy Unit, LBBES Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco.,Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Hassan Fahmi
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Lewalle
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Hadath, Lebanon.,Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Makram Merimi
- Genetics and Immune-Cell Therapy Unit, LBBES Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda, Morocco.,Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Pan R, Liang X, Huang L, Yang C. Exosomes derived from mesenchyml stem cells ameliorate oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced neuronal injury via transferring MicroRNA-194 and targeting Bach1. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101651. [PMID: 34600339 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The neuroprotective function of miR-194 on neurovascular endothelial cell injury is perceived as a novel method for clinical therapy. So are exosomes (EXs), being attractive in neurofunctional recovery. However, whether EXs derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) perform the same efficacy by transferring miR-194 and the underlying mechanism remain vague. This study rooted in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model. MSCs were isolated by gradient centrifugation and identified by flow cytometry. EXs were obtained through ultracentrifugation, whereas protein levels of specific markers (CD63, TGS101), together with Bach1, Nrf2 and HO-1 were measured by western blot. The relative mRNA expressions of Bach1, NOX1, AGSL4, GPX4 and miR-194 were measured by RT-qPCR assays. Cell viability was measured by cell counting kit-8, and cell migration was detected by wound healing assay. The interaction between miR-194 and Bach1 was predicted by starBase and confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. OGD/R dampened cell viability and miR-194 expression. Bach1 could bind with miR-194. miR-194 mimic attenuated the effect of OGD/R on cell viability and protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and Bach1, whereas Bach1 overexpression reversed the effect of miR-194 mimics. MSC-EXs could merge with HBMECs. Based on this, MSC-EXs loaded with miR-194 downregulated Bach1 protein level and iron content and the mRNA expressions of NOX1 and ACSL4, yet upregulated miR-194 and GPX4 expressions and Nrf2/HO-1 protein level in OGD/R-injured cells, whereas those carrying ShmiR-194 had the opposite effects. Our study suggested MSC-EXs loaded with miR-194 attenuated OGD/R-induced injury via targeting Bach1, providing a new therapeutic strategy for cerebral injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Department of Neurosurgey, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgey, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgey, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Ruihan Pan
- Department of Neurosurgey, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Neurosurgey, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Lifa Huang
- Department of Neurosurgey, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgey, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Calcat-i-Cervera S, Sanz-Nogués C, O'Brien T. When Origin Matters: Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells From Different Sources for Clinical Translation in Kidney Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:728496. [PMID: 34616756 PMCID: PMC8488400 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.728496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) offer new prospects to improve the treatment of conditions with unmet medical needs. Kidney diseases are a current major health concern with an increasing global prevalence. Chronic renal failure appears after many years of impairment, which opens a temporary window to apply novel therapeutic approaches to delay or halt disease progression. The immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and pro-regenerative properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have sparked interest for their use in cell-based regenerative therapies. Currently, several early-phase clinical trials have been completed and many are ongoing to explore MSC safety and efficacy in a wide range of nephropathies. However, one of the current roadblocks to the clinical translation of MSC therapies relates to the lack of standardization and harmonization of MSC manufacturing protocols, which currently hinders inter-study comparability. Studies have shown that cell culture processing variables can have significant effects on MSC phenotype and functionality, and these are highly variable across laboratories. In addition, heterogeneity within MSC populations is another obstacle. Furthermore, MSCs may be isolated from several sources which adds another variable to the comparative assessment of outcomes. There is now a growing body of literature highlighting unique and distinctive properties of MSCs according to the tissue origin, and that characteristics such as donor, age, sex and underlying medical conditions may alter the therapeutic effect of MSCs. These variables must be taken into consideration when developing a cell therapy product. Having an optimal scale-up strategy for MSC manufacturing is critical for ensuring product quality while minimizing costs and time of production, as well as avoiding potential risks. Ideally, optimal scale-up strategies must be carefully considered and identified during the early stages of development, as making changes later in the bioprocess workflow will require re-optimization and validation, which may have a significant long-term impact on the cost of the therapy. This article provides a summary of important cell culture processing variables to consider in the scale-up of MSC manufacturing as well as giving a comprehensive review of tissue of origin-specific biological characteristics of MSCs and their use in current clinical trials in a range of renal pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Timothy O'Brien
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), CÚRAM, Biomedical Science Building, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Transcriptional Profile of Cytokines, Regulatory Mediators and TLR in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells after Inflammatory Signaling and Cell-Passaging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147309. [PMID: 34298927 PMCID: PMC8306573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult human subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) harbors a rich population of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that are of interest for tissue repair. For this purpose, it is of utmost importance to determine the response of AT-MSCs to proliferative and inflammatory signals within the damaged tissue. We have characterized the transcriptional profile of cytokines, regulatory mediators and Toll-like receptors (TLR) relevant to the response of MSCs. AT-MSCs constitutively present a distinct profile for each gene and differentially responded to inflammation and cell-passaging. Inflammation leads to an upregulation of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNFα and CCL5 cytokine expression. Inflammation and cell-passaging increased the expression of HGF, IDO1, PTGS1, PTGS2 and TGFβ. The expression of the TLR pattern was differentially modulated with TLR 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10 being increased, whereas TLR 5 and 6 downregulated. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated a complex interplay between cytokines, TLR and regulatory mediators central for tissue repair. This profiling highlights that following a combination of inflammatory and proliferative signals, the sensitivity and responsive capacity of AT-MSCs may be significantly modified. Understanding these transcriptional changes may help the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
|
12
|
Banijamali RS, Soleimanjahi H, Soudi S, Karimi H. Mesenchymal stem cells support delivery and boost the efficacy of oncolytic reoviruses in TC-1 tumor cells. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1360-1375. [PMID: 34056765 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has remained a major health problem around the world. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy exhibits a therapeutic effect via different mechanisms. By using MSCs as carrier cells, the major problem of clearance of oncolytic viruses is resolved by neutralizing antibodies before they react with cancer cells. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of infected MSCs by reovirus type-3 Dearing (T3D) for in vitro cancer therapy. Adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) were infected with reovirus T3D and its biological properties were evaluated. Then, the effects of reovirus-infected AD-MSCs on cytokine profile, nitric oxide (NO) production, and apoptosis induction in TC-1 cells were assessed. Our results indicated that the differentiation potential of AD-MSCs was affected by reovirus. However, phenotypes were not affected after infection. Then, the effects of reovirus-infected AD-MSCs in TC-1 cells showed an increased amount of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and NO production and a decreased amount of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Moreover, apoptosis significantly increased via coculturing of TC-1 cells with infected AD-MSCs, compared with control, and both internal and external apoptosis pathways are activated in experimental groups. In conclusion, the data showed that with increasing TNF-α and NO production and reducing IL-10 and TGF-β production, AD-MSCs can enhance the oncolytic effect of reovirus in cancer cells. Furthermore, the results suggested that AD-MSCs can be used as effective carrier cells candidate for reovirus T3D to maximize their anticancer cell activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razieh S Banijamali
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Soudi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hesam Karimi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gleitz HFE, Snoeren IAM, Fuchs SNR, Leimkühler NB, Schneider RK. Isolation of human bone marrow stromal cells from bone marrow biopsies for single-cell RNA sequencing. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100538. [PMID: 34027494 PMCID: PMC8134068 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells play an important role in regulating stem cell quiescence and homeostasis; they are also key contributors to various hematological malignancies. However, human bone marrow stromal cells are difficult to isolate and prone to damage during isolation. This protocol describes a combination of mechanical and enzymatic isolation of BM stromal cells from human BM biopsies, followed by FACS sorting to separate stromal sub-populations including mesenchymal stromal cells, fibroblasts, and Schwann cells for single-cell RNA sequencing. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Leimkühler et al. (2020). Combination of enzymatic and physical homogenization methods for tissue dissociation Isolation of viable bone marrow stromal cells from human trephine bone marrow biopsies Preparation of FACS-sorted human stromal cells for single-cell RNA sequencing experiments
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène F E Gleitz
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands.,Current address: Department of Developmental Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands
| | - Inge A M Snoeren
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands.,Current address: Department of Developmental Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands
| | - Stijn N R Fuchs
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands.,Current address: Department of Developmental Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands
| | - Nils B Leimkühler
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands.,Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Rebekka K Schneider
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands.,Current address: Department of Developmental Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015GD, the Netherlands.,Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Identification and characterisation of maternal perivascular SUSD2 + placental mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:803-815. [PMID: 33961124 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that meet the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) criteria are obtained from placental tissue by plastic adherence. Historically, no known single marker was available for isolating placental MSCs (pMSCs) from the decidua basalis. As the decidua basalis is derived from the regenerative endometrium, we hypothesised that SUSD2, an endometrial perivascular MSC marker, would purify maternal perivascular pMSC. Perivascular pMSCs were isolated from the maternal placenta using SUSD2 magnetic bead sorting and assessed for the colony-forming unit-fibroblasts (CFU-F), surface markers, and in vitro differentiation into mesodermal lineages. Multi-colour immunofluorescence was used to colocalise SUSD2 and α-SMA, a perivascular marker in the decidua basalis. Placental stromal cell suspensions comprised 5.1%SUSD2+ cells. SUSD2 magnetic bead sorting of the placental stromal cells increased their purity approximately two-fold. SUSD2+ pMSCs displayed greater CFU-F activity than SUSD2- stromal fibroblasts (pSFs). However, both SUSD2+ pMSC and SUSD2- pSF underwent mesodermal differentiation in vitro, and both expressed the ISCT surface markers. Higher percentages of cultured SUSD2+ pMSCs expressed the perivascular markers CD146, CD140b, and SUSD2 than SUSD2- pSFs. These findings suggest that SUSD2 is a single marker that enriches maternal pMSCs, suggesting they may originate from eMSC. Placental decidua basalis can be used as an alternative source of MSC for clinical translation in situations where there is no access to endometrial tissue.
Collapse
|
15
|
van de Peppel J, Schaaf GJ, Matos AA, Guo Y, Strini T, Verschoor W, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ, van Leeuwen JPTM. Cell Surface Glycoprotein CD24 Marks Bone Marrow-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells with Reduced Proliferative and Differentiation Capacity In Vitro. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:325-336. [PMID: 33593128 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) are fundamental to bone regenerative therapies, tissue engineering, and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Donor variation among patients, cell heterogeneity, and unpredictable capacity for differentiation reduce effectiveness of BMSCs for regenerative cell therapies. The cell surface glycoprotein CD24 exhibits the most prominent differential expression during osteogenic versus adipogenic differentiation of human BMSCs. Therefore, CD24 may represent a selective biomarker for subpopulations of BMSCs with increased osteoblastic potential. In undifferentiated human BMSCs, CD24 cell surface expression is variable among donors (range: 2%-10%) and increased by two to fourfold upon osteogenic differentiation. Strikingly, FACS sorted CD24pos cells exhibit delayed mineralization and reduced capacity for adipocyte differentiation. RNAseq analysis of CD24pos and CD24neg BMSCs identified a limited number of genes with increased expression in CD24pos cells that are associated with cell adhesion, motility, and extracellular matrix. Downregulated genes are associated with cell cycle regulation, and biological assays revealed that CD24pos cells have reduced proliferation. Hence, expression of the cell surface glycoprotein CD24 identifies a subpopulation of human BMSCs with reduced capacity for proliferation and extracellular matrix mineralization. Functional specialization among BMSCs populations may support their regenerative potential and therapeutic success by accommodating cell activities that promote skeletal tissue formation, homeostasis, and repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen van de Peppel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerben J Schaaf
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adriana Arruda Matos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yuan Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja Strini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wenda Verschoor
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Johannes P T M van Leeuwen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Smith RJP, Faroni A, Barrow JR, Soul J, Reid AJ. The angiogenic potential of CD271+ human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:160. [PMID: 33653407 PMCID: PMC7927269 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous fat grafting is often a crucial aspect of reconstructive and aesthetic surgeries, yet poor graft retention is a major issue with this technique. Enriching fat grafts with adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) improves graft survival-however, AD-MSCs represent a heterogeneous population. Selection of subpopulations of AD-MSCs would allow the targeting of specific AD-MSCs that may benefit fat graft survival more than the general AD-MSC population. METHODS Human AD-MSCs were selected for the surface marker CD271 using magnetic-activated cell sorting and compared to the CD271 negative phenotype. These subpopulations were analysed for gene expression using Real-Time qPCR and RNA sequencing; surface marker characteristics using immunostaining; ability to form tubules when cultured with endothelial cells; and gene and protein expression of key angiogenic mediators when cultured with ex-vivo adipose tissue. RESULTS Human AD-MSCs with the surface marker CD271 express angiogenic genes at higher levels, and inflammatory genes at lower levels, than the CD271- AD-MSC population. A greater proportion of CD271+ AD-MSCs also possess the typical complement of stem cell surface markers and are more likely to promote effective neoangiogenesis, compared to CD271- AD-MSCs. CONCLUSION Enriching grafts with the CD271+ AD-MSC subpopulation holds potential for the improvement of reconstructive and aesthetic surgeries involving adipose tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J P Smith
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Alessandro Faroni
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - James R Barrow
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jamie Soul
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Adam J Reid
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK. .,Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li D, Zhang J, Liu Z, Gong Y, Zheng Z. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-27b attenuates subretinal fibrosis via suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition by targeting HOXC6. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:24. [PMID: 33413548 PMCID: PMC7792361 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Subretinal fibrosis resulting from neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is one of the major causes of serious and irreversible vision loss worldwide, and no definite and effective treatment exists currently. Retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) cells are crucial in maintaining the visual function of normal eyes and its epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis. Stem cell-derived exosomes have been reported to play a crucial role in tissue fibrosis by transferring their molecular contents. This study aimed to explore the effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (hucMSC-Exo) on subretinal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro and to investigate the anti-fibrotic mechanism of action of hucMSC-Exo. METHODS In this study, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) were successfully cultured and identified, and exosomes were isolated from the supernatant by ultracentrifugation. A laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and subretinal fibrosis model indicated that the intravitreal administration of hucMSC-Exo effectively alleviated subretinal fibrosis in vivo. Furthermore, hucMSC-Exo could efficaciously suppress the migration of retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells and promote the mesenchymal-epithelial transition by delivering miR-27b-3p. The latent binding of miR-27b-3p to homeobox protein Hox-C6 (HOXC6) was analyzed by bioinformatics prediction and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS This study showed that the intravitreal injection of hucMSC-Exo effectively ameliorated laser-induced CNV and subretinal fibrosis via the suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In addition, hucMSC-Exo containing miR-27b repressed the EMT process in RPE cells induced by transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-β2) via inhibiting HOXC6 expression. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that HucMSC-derived exosomal miR-27b could reverse the process of EMT induced by TGF-β2 via inhibiting HOXC6, indicating that the exosomal miR-27b/HOXC6 axis might play a vital role in ameliorating subretinal fibrosis. The present study proposed a promising therapeutic agent for treating ocular fibrotic diseases and provided insights into the mechanism of action of hucMSC-Exo on subretinal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20 080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, NO.100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Junxiu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20 080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, NO.100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Zijia Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20 080, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, NO.100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20 080, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, NO.100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20 080, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, NO.100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Distinct Shades of Adipocytes Control the Metabolic Roles of Adipose Tissues: From Their Origins to Their Relevance for Medical Applications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9010040. [PMID: 33466493 PMCID: PMC7824911 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue resides in specific depots scattered in peripheral or deeper locations all over the body and it enwraps most of the organs. This tissue is always in a dynamic evolution as it must adapt to the metabolic demand and constraints. It exhibits also endocrine functions important to regulate energy homeostasis. This complex organ is composed of depots able to produce opposite functions to monitor energy: the so called white adipose tissue acts to store energy as triglycerides preventing ectopic fat deposition while the brown adipose depots dissipate it. It is composed of many cell types. Different types of adipocytes constitute the mature cells specialized to store or burn energy. Immature adipose progenitors (AP) presenting stem cells properties contribute not only to the maintenance but also to the expansion of this tissue as observed in overweight or obese individuals. They display a high regeneration potential offering a great interest for cell therapy. In this review, we will depict the attributes of the distinct types of adipocytes and their contribution to the function and metabolic features of adipose tissue. We will examine the specific role and properties of distinct depots according to their location. We will consider their cellular heterogeneity to present an updated picture of this sophisticated tissue. We will also introduce new trends pointing out a rational targeting of adipose tissue for medical applications.
Collapse
|
19
|
Gurung S, Ulrich D, Sturm M, Rosamilia A, Werkmeister JA, Gargett CE. Comparing the Effect of TGF-β Receptor Inhibition on Human Perivascular Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Endometrium, Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissues. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10040261. [PMID: 33271899 PMCID: PMC7712261 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rare perivascular mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with therapeutic properties have been identified in many tissues. Their rarity necessitates extensive in vitro expansion, resulting in spontaneous differentiation, cellular senescence and apoptosis, producing therapeutic products with variable quality and decreased potency. We previously demonstrated that A83-01, a transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) receptor inhibitor, maintained clonogenicity and promoted the potency of culture-expanded premenopausal endometrial MSCs using functional assays and whole-transcriptome sequencing. Here, we compared the effects of A83-01 on MSCs derived from postmenopausal endometrium, menstrual blood, placenta decidua-basalis, bone marrow and adipose tissue. Sushi-domain-containing-2 (SUSD2+) and CD34+CD31−CD45− MSCs were isolated. Expanded MSCs were cultured with or without A83-01 for 7 days and assessed for MSC properties. SUSD2 identified perivascular cells in the placental decidua-basalis, and their maternal origin was validated. A83-01 promoted MSC proliferation from all sources except bone marrow and only increased SUSD2 expression and prevented apoptosis in MSCs from endometrial-derived tissues. A83-01 only improved the cloning efficiency of postmenopausal endometrial MSCs (eMSCs), and expanded adipose tissue MSCs (adMSCs) underwent significant senescence, which was mitigated by A83-01. MSCs derived from bone marrow (bmMSCs) were highly apoptotic, but A83-01 was without effect. A83-01 maintained the function and phenotype in MSCs cultured from endometrial, but not other, tissues. Our results also demonstrated that cellular SUSD2 expression directly correlates with the functional phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanti Gurung
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (D.U.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-03-8572-2813
| | - Daniela Ulrich
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (D.U.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Marian Sturm
- Cell & Tissue Therapies WA, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia;
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Anna Rosamilia
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
- Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Jerome A. Werkmeister
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (D.U.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
| | - Caroline E. Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (D.U.); (J.A.W.); (C.E.G.)
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Najar M, Martel-Pelletier J, Pelletier JP, Fahmi H. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Immunology for Efficient and Safe Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:567813. [PMID: 33072752 PMCID: PMC7536322 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.567813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy represents a promising approach for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). MSCs can be readily isolated from multiple sources and expanded ex vivo for possible clinical application. They possess a unique immunological profile and regulatory machinery that underline their therapeutic effects. They also have the capacity to sense the changes within the tissue environment to display the adequate response. Indeed, there is a close interaction between MSCs and the host cells. Accordingly, MSCs demonstrate encouraging results for a variety of diseases including OA. However, their effectiveness needs to be improved. In this review, we selected to discuss the importance of the immunological features of MSCs, including the type of transplantation and the immune and blood compatibility. It is important to consider MSC immune evasive rather than immune privileged. We also highlighted some of the actions/mechanisms that are displayed during tissue healing including the response of MSCs to injury signals, their interaction with the immune system, and the impact of their lifespan. Finally, we briefly summarized the results of clinical studies reporting on the application of MSCs for the treatment of OA. The research field of MSCs is inspiring and innovative but requires more knowledge about the immunobiological properties of these cells. A better understanding of these features will be key for developing a safe and efficient medicinal product for clinical use in OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Johanne Martel-Pelletier
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Pelletier
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hassan Fahmi
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bozorgmehr M, Gurung S, Darzi S, Nikoo S, Kazemnejad S, Zarnani AH, Gargett CE. Endometrial and Menstrual Blood Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Biological Properties and Clinical Application. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:497. [PMID: 32742977 PMCID: PMC7364758 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly proliferative mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) population was recently discovered in the dynamic, cyclically regenerating human endometrium as clonogenic stromal cells that fulfilled the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) criteria. Specific surface markers enriching for clonogenic endometrial MSC (eMSC), CD140b and CD146 co-expression, and the single marker SUSD2, showed their perivascular identity in the endometrium, including the layer which sheds during menstruation. Indeed, cells with MSC properties have been identified in menstrual fluid and commonly termed menstrual blood stem/stromal cells (MenSC). MenSC are generally retrieved from menstrual fluid as plastic adherent cells, similar to bone marrow MSC (bmMSC). While eMSC and MenSC share several biological features with bmMSC, they also show some differences in immunophenotype, proliferation and differentiation capacities. Here we review the phenotype and functions of eMSC and MenSC, with a focus on recent studies. Similar to other MSC, eMSC and MenSC exert immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory impacts on key cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. These include macrophages, T cells and NK cells, both in vitro and in small and large animal models. These properties suggest eMSC and MenSC as additional sources of MSC for cell therapies in regenerative medicine as well as immune-mediated disorders and inflammatory diseases. Their easy acquisition via an office-based biopsy or collected from menstrual effluent makes eMSC and MenSC attractive sources of MSC for clinical applications. In preparation for clinical translation, a serum-free culture protocol was established for eMSC which includes a small molecule TGFβ receptor inhibitor that prevents spontaneous differentiation, apoptosis, senescence, maintains the clonogenic SUSD2+ population and enhances their potency, suggesting potential for cell-therapies and regenerative medicine. However, standardization of MenSC isolation protocols and culture conditions are major issues requiring further research to maximize their potential for clinical application. Future research will also address crucial safety aspects of eMSC and MenSC to ensure these protocols produce cell products free from tumorigenicity and toxicity. Although a wealth of data on the biological properties of eMSC and MenSC has recently been published, it will be important to address their mechanism of action in preclinical models of human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Bozorgmehr
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shanti Gurung
- Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Saeedeh Darzi
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shohreh Nikoo
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaieh Kazemnejad
- Nanobitechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Caroline E. Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jiang T, Wang Z, Sun J. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes stimulate cutaneous wound healing mediates through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:198. [PMID: 32448395 PMCID: PMC7245763 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01723-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous wound healing represents a morphogenetic response to injury and is designed to restore anatomic and physiological function. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hBM-MSC-Ex) are a promising source for cell-free therapy and skin regeneration. METHODS In this study, we investigated the cell regeneration effects and its underlying mechanism of hBM-MSC-Ex on cutaneous wound healing in rats. In vitro studies, we evaluated the role of hBM-MSC-Ex in the two types of skin cells: human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) for the proliferation. For in vivo studies, we used a full-thickness skin wound model to evaluate the effects of hBM-MSC-Ex on cutaneous wound healing in vivo. RESULTS The results demonstrated that hBM-MSC-Ex promote both two types of skin cells' growth effectively and accelerate the cutaneous wound healing. Interestingly, we found that hBM-MSC-Ex significantly downregulated TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 expression, while upregulated TGF-β3 and Smad7 expression in the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that hBM-MSC-Ex effectively promote the cutaneous wound healing through inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signal pathway. The current results provided a new sight for the therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cutaneous wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiechao Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China. .,Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin St., Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Al-Hakami A, Alqhatani SQ, Shaik S, Jalfan SM, Dhammam MSA, Asiri W, Alkahtani AM, Devaraj A, Chandramoorthy HC. Cytokine physiognomies of MSCs from varied sources confirm the regenerative commitment post-coculture with activated neutrophils. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8691-8701. [PMID: 32385929 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with paracrine signals and immunological cells, and their responses and regenerative commitment thereafter, is understudied. In the current investigation, we compared MSCs from the umbilical cord blood (UCB), dental pulp (DP), and liposuction material (LS) on their ability to respond to activated neutrophils. Cytokine profiling (interleukin-1α [IL-1α], IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interferon-γ [IFN-γ], transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β]), cellular proliferation and osteogenic differentiation patterns were assessed. The results showed largely comparable cytokine profiles with higher TNF-α and IFN-γ levels in LSMSCs owing to their mature cellular phenotype. The viability and proliferation between LS/DP/UCB MSCs were comparable in the coculture group, while direct activation of MSCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) showed comparable proliferation with significant cell death in UCB MSCs and slightly higher cell death in the other two types of MSC. Furthermore, when MSCs post-neutrophil exposure were induced for osteogenic differentiation, though all the MSCs devoid of the sources differentiated, we observed rapid and significant turnover of DPMSCs positive of osteogenic markers rather than LS and UCB MSCs. We further observed a significant turnover of IL-1α and TGF-β at mRNA and cytokine levels, indicating the commitment of MSCs to differentiate through interacting with immunological cells or bacterial products like neutrophils or LPS, respectively. Taken together, these results suggest that MSCs have more or less similar cytokine responses devoid of their anatomical niche. They readily switch over from the cytokine responsive cell phenotype at the immunological microenvironment to differentiate and regenerate tissue in response to cellular signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Hakami
- Center for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Qaddah Alqhatani
- Department of Surgery, Plastic Surgery Division, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharaz Shaik
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saaed Mohammed Jalfan
- Center for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Wejdan Asiri
- Center for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Misfer Alkahtani
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anantharam Devaraj
- Center for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harish C Chandramoorthy
- Center for Stem Cell Research, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology and Clinical Parasitology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Buyl K, Merimi M, Rodrigues RM, Moussa Agha D, Melki R, Vanhaecke T, Bron D, Lewalle P, Meuleman N, Fahmi H, Rogiers V, Lagneaux L, De Kock J, Najar M. The Impact of Cell-Expansion and Inflammation on The Immune-Biology of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030696. [PMID: 32143473 PMCID: PMC7141238 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As a cell-based therapeutic, AT-MSCs need to create an immuno-reparative environment appropriate for tissue repair. In the presence of injury, MSCs may have to proliferate and face inflammation. Clinical application requires repeated administrations of a high number of cells with a well-established immune profile. Methods: We have established an immuno-comparative screening by determining the expression of 28 molecules implicated in immune regulation. This screening was performed during cell-expansion and inflammatory priming of AT-MSCs. Results: Our study confirms that AT-MSCs are highly expandable and sensitive to inflammation. Both conditions have substantially modulated the expression of a panel of immunological marker. Specifically, CD34 expression was substantially decreased upon cell-passaging. HLA-ABC, CD40 CD54, CD106, CD274 and CD112 were significantly increased by inflammation. In vitro cell-expansion also significantly altered the expression profile of HLA-DR, CD40, CD62L, CD106, CD166, HLA-G, CD200, HO-1, CD155 and ULBP-3. Conclusion: This study points out the response and characteristics of MSCs following expansion and inflammatory priming. It will strength our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms that may improve or hamper the therapeutic potential of MSCs. These immunological changes need to be further characterized to guarantee a safe cellular product with consistent quality and high therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolien Buyl
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Makram Merimi
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 121 Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium
- Genetics and Immune Cell Therapy Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Correspondence:
| | - Robim M. Rodrigues
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Douâa Moussa Agha
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 121 Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Rahma Melki
- Genetics and Immune Cell Therapy Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 121 Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Philippe Lewalle
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 121 Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Meuleman
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 121 Boulevard de Waterloo, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Hassan Fahmi
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, R11.424, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Vera Rogiers
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joery De Kock
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mehdi Najar
- Genetics and Immune Cell Therapy Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, R11.424, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Immunotherapy and for Gene and Drug Delivery. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 16:204-224. [PMID: 32071924 PMCID: PMC7012781 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess several fairly unique properties that, when combined, make them ideally suited for cellular-based immunotherapy and as vehicles for gene and drug delivery for a wide range of diseases and disorders. Key among these are: (1) their relative ease of isolation from a variety of tissues; (2) the ability to be expanded in culture without a loss of functionality, a property that varies to some degree with tissue source; (3) they are relatively immune-inert, perhaps obviating the need for precise donor/recipient matching; (4) they possess potent immunomodulatory functions that can be tailored by so-called licensing in vitro and in vivo; (5) the efficiency with which they can be modified with viral-based vectors; and (6) their almost uncanny ability to selectively home to damaged tissues, tumors, and metastases following systemic administration. In this review, we summarize the latest research in the immunological properties of MSCs, their use as immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory agents, methods for licensing MSCs to customize their immunological profile, and their use as vehicles for transferring both therapeutic genes in genetic disease and drugs and genes designed to destroy tumor cells.
Collapse
|
26
|
Bone Regeneration, Reconstruction and Use of Osteogenic Cells; from Basic Knowledge, Animal Models to Clinical Trials. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9010139. [PMID: 31947922 PMCID: PMC7019836 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The deterioration of the human skeleton's capacity for self-renewal occurs naturally with age. Osteoporosis affects millions worldwide, with current treatments including pharmaceutical agents that target bone formation and/or resorption. Nevertheless, these clinical approaches often result in long-term side effects, with better alternatives being constantly researched. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue are known to hold therapeutic value for the treatment of a variety of bone diseases. The following review summarizes the latest studies and clinical trials related to the use of MSCs, both individually and combined with other methods, in the treatment of a variety of conditions related to skeletal health. For example, some of the most recent works noted the advantage of bone grafts based on biomimetic scaffolds combined with MSC and growth factor delivery, with a greatly increased regeneration rate and minimized side effects for patients. This review also highlights the continuing research into the mechanisms underlying bone homeostasis, including the key transcription factors and signalling pathways responsible for regulating the differentiation of osteoblast lineage. Paracrine factors and specific miRNAs are also believed to play a part in MSC differentiation. Furthering the understanding of the specific mechanisms of cellular signalling in skeletal remodelling is key to incorporating new and effective treatment methods for bone disease.
Collapse
|
27
|
Banijamali RS, Soleimanjahi H, Soudi S, Karimi H, Abdoli A, Seyed Khorrami SM, Zandi K. Kinetics of Oncolytic Reovirus T3D Replication and Growth Pattern in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 22:283-292. [PMID: 31863653 PMCID: PMC6947011 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective Currently, application of oncolytic-virus in cancer treatment of clinical trials are growing. Oncolytic-reovirus
is an attractive anti-cancer therapeutic agent for clinical testing. Many studies used mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as
a carrier cell to enhance the delivery and quality of treatment with oncolytic-virotherapy. But, biosynthetic capacity and
behavior of cells in response to viral infections are different. The infecting process of reoviruses takes from two-hours
to one-week, depends on host cell and the duration of different stages of virus replication cycle. The latter includes
the binding of virus particle, entry, uncoating, assembly and release of progeny-viruses. We evaluated the timing
and infection cycle of reovirus type-3 strain Dearing (T3D), using one-step replication experiment by molecular and
conventional methods in MSCs and L929 cell as control.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, L929 and adipose-derived MSCs were infected with different
multiplicities of infection (MOI) of reovirus T3D. At different time points, the quantity of progeny viruses has been
measured using virus titration assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to investigate
the ability of these cells to support the reovirus replication. One-step growth cycle were examined by 50% cell culture
infectious dose (CCID50) and qRT-PCR.
Results The growth curve of reovirus in cells shows that MOI: 1 might be optimal for virus production compared to higher
and lower MOIs. The maximum quantity of virus production using MOI: 1 was achieved at 48-hours post-infection. The
infectious virus titer became stationary at 72-hours post-infection and then gradually decreased. The virus cytopathic
effect was obvious in MSCs and this cells were susceptible to reovirus infection and support the virus replication.
Conclusion Our data highlights the timing schedule for reovirus replication, kinetics models and burst size. Further
investigation is recommended to better understanding of the challenges and opportunities, for using MSCs loaded with
reovirus in cancer-therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Sadat Banijamali
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address:
| | - Sara Soudi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hesam Karimi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Abdoli
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Keivan Zandi
- Center for AIDS Research, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mantripragada VP, Bova WA, Piuzzi NS, Boehm C, Obuchowski NA, Midura RJ, Muschler GF. Native-Osteoarthritic Joint Resident Stem and Progenitor Cells for Cartilage Cell-Based Therapies: A Quantitative Comparison With Respect to Concentration and Biological Performance. Am J Sports Med 2019; 47:3521-3530. [PMID: 31671273 DOI: 10.1177/0363546519880905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-based therapy for cartilage repair is a promising approach and is becoming an established technique. Yet, there is no consensus on the optimal cell source. PURPOSE To provide a donor-matched quantitative comparison of the connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) derived from cartilage (Outerbridge grade 1-3 [G1-2-3]), bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMC), infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP), synovium, and periosteum with respect to (1) cell concentration ([Cell], cells/mL), (2) CTP prevalence (PCTP, colonies per million cells), and (3) biological performance based on in vitro proliferation potential (cells per colony) colony density, and differentiation potential (expression of negatively charged extracellular matrix: glycosaminoglycan-rich extra cellular matrix [GAG-ECM]). STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS Tissues were obtained from 10 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (mean age, 59 years; women, n = 6). Automated quantitative colony-forming unit analysis was used to compare [Cell], PCTP, and CTP biological performance across tissue sources. RESULTS [Cell] was highest in grade 3 cartilage (P = .002) and BMC (P = .001). Median PCTP was highest in IPFP (P = .001), synovium (P = .003), and G1-2 cartilage (P = .02). Proliferation was highest in synovium-derived CTPs (P < .001). Median colony density was highest in G1-2-3 (P < .001). Median GAG-ECM was highest in G1-2-3 (P < .001). Within each patient, CTPs derived from all tissues were highly heterogeneous in biological performance as determined by cells per colony, density, and GAG-ECM. CONCLUSION Tissue sources differ in [Cell], PCTP, and biological attributes. The data presented in this study suggest that cartilage (G1-2-3) is the preferred tissue source for cartilage repair based on PCTP and GAG-ECM, followed by synovium, IPFP, BMC, and periosteum. However, due to the heterogeneous mixture of CTPs within each tissue source, there exists a subset of CTPs with biological performance similar to G1-2-3 cartilage, particularly in synovium and IPFP. Performance-based clonal selection and expansion of preferred CTPs and their progeny will potentially lead to improved cell population with predictive future. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Optimal tissue regeneration strategies will require informed decisions regarding which of the available tissue sources to use. Optimizing cell sourcing in any tissue may require separation of CTPs with preferred attributes from those with less desirable attributes. The heterogeneity manifest in the early stage of colony formation represents an opportunity for performance-based clone selection for clinical cell processing and manufacturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkata P Mantripragada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wes A Bova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicolas S Piuzzi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Cynthia Boehm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nancy A Obuchowski
- Department of Quantitative Health Science, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ronald J Midura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - George F Muschler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Human Fetal Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote the Proliferation and Differentiation of Pancreatic Progenitor Cells and the Engraftment Function of Islet-Like Cell Clusters. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174083. [PMID: 31438545 PMCID: PMC6747176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic progenitor cells (PPCs) are the primary source for all pancreatic cells, including beta-cells, and thus the proliferation and differentiation of PPCs into islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) opens an avenue to providing transplantable islets for diabetic patients. Meanwhile, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can enhance the development and function of different cell types of interest, but their role on PPCs remains unknown. We aimed to explore the mechanism-of-action whereby MSCs induce the in vitro and in vivo PPC/ICC development by means of our established co-culture system of human PPCs with human fetal bone marrow-derived MSCs. We examined the effect of MSC-conditioned medium on PPC proliferation and survival. Meanwhile, we studied the effect of MSC co-culture enhanced PPC/ICC function in vitro and in vivo co-/transplantation. Furthermore, we identified IGF1 as a critical factor responsible for the MSC effects on PPC differentiation and proliferation via IGF1-PI3K/Akt and IGF1-MEK/ERK1/2, respectively. In conclusion, our data indicate that MSCs stimulated the differentiation and proliferation of human PPCs via IGF1 signaling, and more importantly, promoted the in vivo engraftment function of ICCs. Taken together, our protocol may provide a mechanism-driven basis for the proliferation and differentiation of PPCs into clinically transplantable islets.
Collapse
|
30
|
The Analysis of In Vivo Aging in Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Using Colony-Forming Unit-Fibroblast Assay and the CD45 lowCD271 + Phenotype. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:5197983. [PMID: 31467563 PMCID: PMC6701348 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5197983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncultured mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are increasingly used in therapies; however, the effects of donor age on their biological characteristics and gene expression remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate age-related changes in bone marrow (BM) MSCs following minimal or no culture manipulation. Iliac crest BM was aspirated from 67 healthy donors (19-89 years old) and directly used for the colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) assay or CD45lowCD271+ cell enumeration. The colonies were analysed for colony area and integrated density (ID) when grown in standard MSC media or media supplemented with human serum from young (YS) or old (OS) donors. There was a notable age-related decline in the number of MSCs per millilitre of BM aspirate revealed by the CFU-F assay (r = −0.527, p < 0.0001) or flow cytometry (r = −0.307, p = 0.0116). Compared to young donors (19-40 years old), colony IDs were significantly lower in older donors (61-89 years old), particularly for smaller-sized colonies (42% lower, p < 0.01). When cultured in media supplemented with OS, young and old donor MSCs formed colonies with lower IDs, by 21%, p < 0.0001, and 27%, p < 0.05, respectively, indicating the formation of smaller sparser colonies. No significant differences in the expression of selected adipogenic, osteogenic, stromal, and bone remodelling genes as well as CD295, CD146, CD106, and connexin 43 surface molecules were found in sorted CD45lowCD271+ MSCs from young and old donors (n = 8 donors each). Altogether, these results show similar trends for age-related decline in BM MSC numbers measured by the CFU-F assay and flow cytometry and reveal age-related effects of human serum on MSC colony formation. No significant differences in selected gene expression in uncultured CD45lowCD271+ MSCs suggest that old donor MSCs may not be inferior in regard to their multipotential functions. Due to large donor-to-donor variation in all donor groups, our data indicate that an individual's chronological age is not a reliable predictor of their MSC number or potency.
Collapse
|
31
|
Human intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of autologous, non-engineered, adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF) for neurodegenerative disorders: results of a 3-year phase 1 study of 113 injections in 31 patients. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:5257-5272. [PMID: 31327120 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have chosen to test the safety of human intracerebroventricular (ICV) brain injections of autologous non-genetically-modified adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF). In this IRB-approved trial, 24 patients received ICV ADSVF via an implanted reservoir between 5/22/14 and 5/22/17. Seven others were injected via their ventriculo-peritoneal shunts. Ten patients had Alzheimer's disease (AD), 6 had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), 6 had progressive multiple sclerosis (MS-P), 6 had Parkinson's "Plus" (PD+), 1 had spinal cord injury, 1 had traumatic brain injury, and 1 had stroke. Median age was 74 (range 41-83). Injections were planned every 2-3 months. Thirty-one patients had 113 injections. Patients received SVF injection volumes of 3.5-20 cc (median:4 cc) containing 4.05 × 105 to 6.2 × 107 cells/cc, which contained an average of 8% hematopoietic and 7.5% adipose stem cells. Follow-up ranged from 0 to 36 months (median: 9.2 months). MRIs post injection(s) were unchanged, except for one AD patient whose hippocampal volume increased from < 5th percentile to 48th percentile (NeuroQuant® volumetric MRI). Of the 10 AD patients, 8 were stable or improved in tests of cognition. Two showed improvement in P-tau and ß-amyloid levels. Of the 6 MS-P patients all are stable or improved. Four of 6 ALS patients died of disease progression. Twelve of 111 injections (11%) led to 1-4 days of transient meningismus, and mild temperature elevation, which resolved with acetaminophen and/or dexamethasone. Two (1.8% of injections) required hospitalization for these symptoms. One patient (0.9% of injections) had his reservoir removed and later replaced for presumed infection. In this Phase 1 safety trial, ADSVF was safely injected into the human brain ventricular system in patients with no other treatment options. Secondary endpoints of clinical improvement or stability were particularly promising in the AD and MS-P groups. These results will be submitted for a Phase 2 FDA-approved trial.
Collapse
|
32
|
Samiec M, Romanek J, Lipiński D, Opiela J. Expression of pluripotency-related genes is highly dependent on trichostatin A-assisted epigenomic modulation of porcine mesenchymal stem cells analysed for apoptosis and subsequently used for generating cloned embryos. Anim Sci J 2019; 90:1127-1141. [PMID: 31298467 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study sought to examine whether trichostatin A (TSA)-assisted epigenetic transformation of porcine bone marrow (BM)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) affects the transcriptional activities of pluripotency-related genes (Oct4, Nanog, c-Myc, Sox2 and Rex1), multipotent stemness-related gene (Nestin) and anti-apoptotic/anti-senescence-related gene (Survivin). Epigenetically transformed or non-transformed BM-MSCs that had been transcriptionally profiled by qRT-PCR and had been analysed for different stages of apoptosis progression provided a source of nuclear donor cells for the in vitro production of cloned pig embryos. TSA-mediated epigenomic modulation has been found to enhance the multipotency extent, stemness and intracellular anti-ageing properties of porcine BM-MSCs. This has been confirmed by the relative abundances for Nanog, c-Myc Rex1, Sox2 and Survivin mRNAs in TSA-exposed BM-MSCs that turned out to be significantly higher than those of TSA-unexposed BM-MSCs. Additionally, TSA-assisted epigenomic modulation of BM-MSCs did not impact the caspase-8 activity, Bax protein expression and the incidence of TUNEL-positive cells. In conclusion, the considerably elevated quantitative profiles of Sox2, Rex1, c-Myc, Nanog and Survivin mRNA transcripts seem to trigger improved reprogrammability of TSA-treated BM-MSC nuclei in cloned pig embryos that thereby displayed remarkably increased blastocyst formation rates as compared to those noticed for embryos derived from TSA-untreated BM-MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Samiec
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology and Cryoconservation, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice n. Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Romanek
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology and Cryoconservation, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice n. Kraków, Poland
| | - Daniel Lipiński
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jolanta Opiela
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology and Cryoconservation, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice n. Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Müller S, Nicholson L, Al Harbi N, Mancuso E, Jones E, Dickinson A, Wang XN, Dalgarno K. Osteogenic potential of heterogeneous and CD271-enriched mesenchymal stromal cells cultured on apatite-wollastonite 3D scaffolds. BMC Biomed Eng 2019; 1:16. [PMID: 32002516 PMCID: PMC6992429 DOI: 10.1186/s42490-019-0015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are widely used in clinical trials for bone repair and regeneration. Despite previous evidence showing a prominent osteogenic potential of 2D cultured CD271 enriched MSCs, the osteogenic potential of CD271 enriched cells cultured on 3D scaffold is unknown. Apatite-wollastonite glass ceramic (A-W) is an osteoconductive biomaterial shown to be compatible with MSCs. This is the first study comparing the attachment, growth kinetics, and osteogenic potential of two MSC populations, namely heterogeneous plastic adherence MSCs (PA-MSCs) and CD271-enriched MSCs (CD271-MSCs), when cultured on A-W 3D scaffold. Results The paired MSC populations were assessed for their attachment, growth kinetics and ALP activity using confocal and scanning electron microscopy and the quantifications of DNA contents and p-nitrophenyl (pNP) production respectively. While the PA-MSCs and CD271-MSCs had similar expansion and tri-lineage differentiation capacity during standard 2D culture, they showed different proliferation kinetics when seeded on the A-W scaffolds. PA-MSCs displayed a well-spread attachment with more elongated morphology compared to CD271-MSCs, signifying a different level of interaction between the cell populations and the scaffold surface. Following scaffold seeding PA-MSCs fully integrated into the scaffold surface and showed a stronger propensity for osteogenic differentiation as indicated by higher ALP activity than CD271-MSCs. Furthermore, A-W scaffold seeded uncultured non-enriched bone marrow mononuclear cells also demonstrated a higher proliferation rate and greater ALP activity compared to their CD271-enriched counterpart. Conclusions Our findings suggest that CD271-positive enrichment of a population is not beneficial for osteogenesis when the cells are seeded on A-W scaffold. Furthermore, unselected heterogeneous MSCs or BM-MNCs are more promising for A-W scaffold based bone regeneration. This leads to a conclusion of broader clinical relevance for tissue engineering: on the basis of our observations here the osteogenic potential observed in 2D cell culture should not be considered indicative of likely performance in a 3D scaffold based system, even when one of the cell populations is effectively a subset of the other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Müller
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lyndsey Nicholson
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Naif Al Harbi
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Elena Mancuso
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Anne Dickinson
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Xiao Nong Wang
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kenneth Dalgarno
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wilson A, Webster A, Genever P. Nomenclature and heterogeneity: consequences for the use of mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative medicine. Regen Med 2019; 14:595-611. [PMID: 31115266 PMCID: PMC7132560 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are in development for many clinical indications, based both on ‘stem’ properties (tissue repair or regeneration) and on signaling repertoire (immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects). Potential conflation of MSC properties with those of tissue-derived stromal cells presents difficulties in comparing study outcomes and represents a source of confusion in cell therapy development. Cultured MSCs demonstrate significant heterogeneity in clonogenicity and multi-lineage differentiation potential. However in vivo biology of MSCs includes native functions unrelated to regenerative medicine applications, so do nomenclature and heterogeneity matter? In this perspective we examine some consequences of the nomenclature debate and heterogeneity of MSCs. Regulatory expectations are considered, emphasizing that product development should prioritize detailed characterization of therapeutic cell populations for specific indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Wilson
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Andrew Webster
- Science & Technology Studies Unit, Department of Sociology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Paul Genever
- Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pioglitazone Improves the Function of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092314. [PMID: 31083336 PMCID: PMC6540009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are optimal sources of autologous stem cells for cell-based therapy in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, CKD-associated pathophysiological conditions, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress, decrease MSC function. In this work, we study the protective effect of pioglitazone on MSCs isolated from CKD patients (CKD-MSCs) against CKD-induced ER stress. In CKD-MSCs, ER stress is found to induce mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Treatment with pioglitazone reduces the expression of ER stress markers and mitochondrial fusion proteins. Pioglitazone increases the expression of cellular prion protein (PrPC) in CKD-MSCs, which is dependent on the expression levels of proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). Treatment with pioglitazone is found to protect CKD-MSCs against reactive oxygen species generation, aberrant mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation of complexes I and IV, and aberrant proliferation capacity through the PGC-1α-PrPC axis. These results indicate that pioglitazone protects the mitochondria of MSCs from CKD-induced ER stress. Pioglitazone treatment of CKD-MSCs may be a potential therapeutic strategy for CKD patients.
Collapse
|
36
|
Najar M, Bouhtit F, Melki R, Afif H, Hamal A, Fahmi H, Merimi M, Lagneaux L. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Therapy: New Perspectives and Challenges. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050626. [PMID: 31071990 PMCID: PMC6572531 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have been the focus of intense research opening up new possibilities for the treatment of various diseases. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with relevant immunomodulatory properties and are thus considered as a promising new strategy for immune disease management. To enhance their efficiency, several issues related to both MSC biology and functions are needed to be identified and, most importantly, well clarified. The sources from which MSCs are isolated are diverse and might affect their properties. Both clinicians and scientists need to handle a phenotypic-characterized population of MSCs, particularly regarding their immunological profile. Moreover, it is now recognized that the tissue-reparative effects of MSCs are based on their immunomodulatory functions that are activated following a priming/licensing step. Thus, finding the best ways to pre-conditionate MSCs before their injection will strengthen their activity potential. Finally, soluble elements derived from MSC-secretome, including extracellular vesicles (EVs), have been proposed as a cell-free alternative tool for therapeutic medicine. Collectively, these features have to be considered and developed to ensure the efficiency and safety of MSC-based therapy. By participating to this Special Issue “Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Immunity and Disease”, your valuable contribution will certainly enrich the content and discussion related to the thematic of MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco.
| | - Fatima Bouhtit
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco.
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Rahma Melki
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco.
| | - Hassan Afif
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Abdellah Hamal
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco.
| | - Hassan Fahmi
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), and Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - Makram Merimi
- Laboratory of Physiology, Genetics and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco.
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Born S, Dörfel MJ, Hartjen P, Haschemi Yekani SA, Luecke J, Meutsch JK, Westphal JK, Birkelbach M, Köhnke R, Smeets R, Krueger M. A short-term plastic adherence incubation of the stromal vascular fraction leads to a predictable GMP-compliant cell-product. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 9:161-172. [PMID: 31508331 PMCID: PMC6726751 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2019.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Introduction:Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) derived from fat tissue are an encouraging tool for regenerative medicine. They share properties similar to the bone marrow-derived MSCs, but the amount of MSCs per gram of fat tissue is 500x higher. The fat tissue can easily be digested by collagenase, releasing a heterogeneous cell fraction called stromal vascular fraction (SVF) which contains a variable amount of stromal/stem cells. In Europe, cell products like the SVF derived from fat tissue are considered advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMPs). As a consequence, the manufacturing process has to be approved via GMP-compliant process validation. The problem of the process validation for SVF is the heterogeneity of this fraction.
Methods: Here, we modified existing purification strategies by adding an additional plastic adherence incubation of maximal 20 hours after SVF isolation. The resulting cell fraction was characterized and compared to SVF as well as cultivated adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) with respect to viability and cell yield, the expression of surface markers, differentiation potential and cytokine expression.
Results: Short-term incubation significantly reduced the heterogeneity of the resulting cell fraction compared to SVF. The cells were able to differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. More importantly, they expressed trophic proteins which have been previously associated with the beneficial effects of MSCs. Furthermore, GMP compliance of the production process described herein was acknowledged by the national regulatory agencies (DE_BB_01_GMP_2017_1018).
Conclusion: Addition of a short purification-step after the SVF isolation is a cheap and fast strategy to isolate a homogeneous uncultivated GMP-compliant cell fraction of ASCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philip Hartjen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Moritz Birkelbach
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Köhnke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Division, Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rong X, Liu J, Yao X, Jiang T, Wang Y, Xie F. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes alleviate liver fibrosis through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:98. [PMID: 30885249 PMCID: PMC6421647 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1204-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly being applied as a therapy for liver fibrosis. Exosomes possess similar functions to their parent cells; however, they are safe and effective cell-free reagents with controllable and predictable outcomes. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanism for human bone mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (hBM-MSCs-Ex) in the treatment of liver fibrosis. METHODS We established an 8-week CCl4-induced rat liver fibrosis model, after which, we administered hBM-MSCs-Ex in vivo for 4 weeks. The resulting histopathology, liver function, and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. In addition, we investigated the anti-fibrotic mechanism of hBM-MSCs-Ex in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and liver fibrosis tissue, by western blotting for the expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related genes. RESULTS In vivo administration of hBM-MSCs-Ex effectively alleviated liver fibrosis, including a reduction in collagen accumulation, enhanced liver functionality, inhibition of inflammation, and increased hepatocyte regeneration. Moreover, based on measurement of the collagen area, Ishak fibrosis score, MDA levels, IL-1, and IL-6, the therapeutic effect of hBM-MSCs-Ex against liver fibrosis was significantly greater than that of hBM-MSCs. In addition, we found that hBM-MSCs-Ex inhibited the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway components (PPARγ, Wnt3a, Wnt10b, β-catenin, WISP1, Cyclin D1), α-SMA, and Collagen I, in both HSCs and liver fibrosis tissue. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that hBM-MSCs-Ex treatment could ameliorate CCl4-induced liver fibrosis via inhibition of HSC activation through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Rong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.,The Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Department of Quality Control, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Xia Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1478 Gongnong Road, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Tiechao Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- The Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
| | - Feng Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai St., Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Experimental Strategies of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Propagation: Adverse Events and Potential Risk of Functional Changes. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:7012692. [PMID: 30956673 PMCID: PMC6431404 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7012692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attractive candidates for cell-based tissue repair approaches. Hundreds of clinical trials using MSCs have been completed and many others are still being investigated. For most therapeutic applications, MSC propagation in vitro is often required. However, ex vivo culture condition is not fully physiological and may affect biological properties of MSCs including their regenerative potential. Moreover, both cell cryopreservation and labelling procedure prior to infusion may have the negative impact on their expected effect in vivo. The incidence of MSC transformation during in vitro culture should be also taken into consideration before using cells in stem cell therapy. In our review, we focused on different aspects of MSC propagation that might influence their regenerative properties of MSC. We also discussed the influence of different factors that might abolish MSC proliferation and differentiation as well as potential impact of stem cell senescence and aging. Despite of many positive therapeutic effects of MSC therapy, one has to be conscious about potential cell changes that could appear during manufacturing of MSCs.
Collapse
|
40
|
Petters O, Schmidt C, Henkelmann R, Pieroh P, Hütter G, Marquass B, Aust G, Schulz RM. Single-Stage Preparation of Human Cartilage Grafts Generated from Bone Marrow-Derived CD271 + Mononuclear Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 27:545-555. [PMID: 29482445 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited self-healing capacity of articular cartilage, innovative, regenerative approaches are of particular interest. The use of two-stage procedures utilizing in vitro-expanded mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from various cell sources requires good manufacturing practice-compliant production, a process with high demands on time, staffing, and financial resources. In contrast, one- stage procedures are directly available, but need a safe enrichment of potent MSCs. CD271 is a surface marker known to marking the majority of native MSCs in bone marrow (BM). In this study, the feasibility of generating a single-stage cartilage graft of enriched CD271+ BM-derived mononuclear cells (MNCs) without in vitro monolayer expansion from eight healthy donors was investigated. Cartilage grafts were generated by magnetic-activated cell sorting and separated cells were directly transferred into collagen type I hydrogels, followed by 3D proliferation and differentiation period of CD271+, CD271-, or unseparated MNCs. CD271+ MNCs showed the highest proliferation rate, cell viability, sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition, and cartilage marker expression compared to the CD271- or unseparated MNC fractions in 3D culture. Analysis according to the minimal criteria of the International Society for Cellular Therapy highlighted a 66.8-fold enrichment of fibroblast colony-forming units in CD271+ MNCs and the only fulfillment of the MSC marker profile compared to unseparated MNCs. In summary, CD271+ MNCs are capable of generating adequate articular cartilage grafts presenting high cell viability and notable chondrogenic matrix deposition in a CE-marked collagen type I hydrogel, which can obviate the need for an initial monolayer expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Petters
- 1 Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig , Leipzig, Germany .,2 Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University of Leipzig , Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Schmidt
- 1 Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig , Leipzig, Germany .,2 Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University of Leipzig , Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralf Henkelmann
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University of Leipzig , Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp Pieroh
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University of Leipzig , Leipzig, Germany .,3 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Halle, Germany
| | - Gero Hütter
- 4 CCC Cellex Collection Center GmbH , Dresden, Germany
| | - Bastian Marquass
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University of Leipzig , Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gabriela Aust
- 5 Research Laboratories of the Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig AöR , Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ronny M Schulz
- 1 Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig , Leipzig, Germany .,2 Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University of Leipzig , Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Meligy FY, Abo Elgheed AT, Alghareeb SM. Therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on Cisplatin induced testicular damage in adult male albino rat. Ultrastruct Pathol 2019; 43:28-55. [DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2019.1572256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Y. Meligy
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Immunohematology Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-based Therapy: From Research to Clinic. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2019; 26:e26-e43. [PMID: 29271793 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are nonhematopoietic cells that can be isolated from several adult and fetal tissues. MSC present specific features as the capacity to support hematopoiesis and to regulate immune response. Thus, the use of MSC as a cell therapeutic product in the field of immune-hematology is of great importance. In this review, we focused on human MSC and discussed their immune-hematologic properties and their translation toward therapeutic clinical applications. Thus, these features hold great promise for cell-based therapy and are of important relevance for the field.
Collapse
|
43
|
Liu S, Stroncek DF, Zhao Y, Chen V, Shi R, Chen J, Ren J, Liu H, Bae HJ, Highfill SL, Jin P. Single cell sequencing reveals gene expression signatures associated with bone marrow stromal cell subpopulations and time in culture. J Transl Med 2019; 17:23. [PMID: 30635013 PMCID: PMC6330466 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are a heterogeneous population that participates in wound healing, immune modulation and tissue regeneration. Next generation sequencing was used to analyze transcripts from single BMSCs in order to better characterize BMSC subpopulations. Methods Cryopreserved passage 2 BMSCs from one healthy subject were cultured through passage 10. The transcriptomes of bulk BMSCs from designated passages were analyzed with microarrays and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). For some passages, single BMSCs were separated using microfluidics and their transcriptomes were analyzed by RNA-Seq. Results Transcriptome analysis by microarray and RNA-Seq of unseparated BMSCs from passages 2, 4, 6, 8, 9 and 10 yielded similar results; both data sets grouped passages 4 and 6 and passages 9 and 10 together and genes differentially expressed among these early and late passage BMSCs were similar. 3D Diffusion map visualization of single BMSCs from passages 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9 clustered passages 3 and 9 into two distinct groups, but there was considerable overlap for passages 4, 6 and 8 cells. Markers for early passage, FGFR2, and late passage BMSCs, PLAT, were able to identify three subpopulations within passage 3 BMSCs; one that expressed high levels of FGFR2 and low levels of PLAT; one that expressed low levels of FGFR2 and high levels of PLAT and one that expressed intermediate levels of FGFR2 and low levels of PLAT. Conclusions Single BMSCs can be separated by microfluidics and their transcriptome analyzed by next generation sequencing. Single cell analysis of early passage BMSCs identified a subpopulation of cells expressing high levels of FGFR2 that might include skeletal stem cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1766-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Liu
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - David F Stroncek
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA.
| | - Yingdong Zhao
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Victoria Chen
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Rongye Shi
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Jinguo Chen
- Center for Human Immunology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiaqiang Ren
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Hui Liu
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Hee Joon Bae
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Steven L Highfill
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| | - Ping Jin
- Cell Processing Section, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive-MSC-1184, Building 10, Room 3C720, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1184, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity of Wharton jelly mesenchymal stromal cells: isolation and characterization. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:427-441. [PMID: 30610510 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0283-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising tools in regenerative medicine and targeted therapies. Although different origins have been described, there is still huge need to find a valuable source harboring specific subpopulations of MSCs with precise therapeutic functions. Here, we isolated by fluorescence activated cell sorting technique, two populations of Wharton's jelly (WJ)-MSCs based on their aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. Two different ALDH activities (low vs. high) were thus observed. We then analyzed their gene expression profile for stemness, phenotype, response to hypoxia, angiogenesis, hematopoietic support, immunomodulation and multilineage differentiation abilities (osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis). According to ALDH activity, many differences in the mRNA expression of these populations were noticed. In conclusion, we provide evidences that WJ harbors two distinct populations of MSCs with different ALDH activity. These populations seem to display specific functional competences that may be interesting for concise therapeutic applications.
Collapse
|
45
|
Scarpone M, Kuebler D, Chambers A, De Filippo CM, Amatuzio M, Ichim TE, Patel AN, Caradonna E. Isolation of clinically relevant concentrations of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells without centrifugation. J Transl Med 2019; 17:10. [PMID: 30611285 PMCID: PMC6321705 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the quality of bone marrow aspirates extracted using a novel, FDA cleared method to optimally target cells from the inner cortical iliac bone surface without the need for centrifugation. This method employs small draws from a single puncture that promote only lateral flow from multiple sites (SSLM method). The study utilized the Marrow Cellutions bone marrow aspiration system (MC system) which is based on the SSLM method and compared the MC system directly to bone marrow concentrates (BMAC) generated by centrifugation of aspirates harvested with a standard aspiration needle. METHODS Three direct comparisons were conducted evaluating the SSLM draws and BMACs derived from the same patient from contralateral iliac crests. The levels of TNCs/mL, CD34+ cells/mL, CD117+ cells/mL, and CFU-f/mL were compared between the various bone marrow preparations. The cellular content of a series of SSLM draws was also analyzed to determine the total nucleated cell (TNC) count and the concentration of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells as measured by colony forming unit fibroblasts (CFU-f). RESULTS In direct comparisons with BMAC systems, SSLM draws yielded significantly higher CFU-f concentrations and comparable concentrations of CD34+ and CD117+ cells. In addition, the average quantity of TNCs/mL in a series of 30 patients utilizing the SSLM draw was 35.2 × 106 ± 17.1 × 106 and the average number of CFU-f/mL was 2885 ± 1716. There were small but significant correlations between the TNCs/mL and the CFU-fs/mL using the SSLM method as well as between the age of the patient and the CFU-fs/mL. CONCLUSIONS The MC Device, using the SSLM draw technique, produced concentrations of CFU-fs, CD34+ cells and CD117+ cells that were comparable or greater to BMACs derived from the same patient. Given the rapid speed and simplicity of the MC Device, we believe this novel system possesses significant practical advantages to other currently available centrifugation based systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Scarpone
- Trinity Sports Medicine and Performance Center, Trinity Hospital, Steubenville, OH, 43952, USA.
| | - Daniel Kuebler
- Department of Biology, Franciscan University of Steubenville, Steubenville, OH, 43952, USA.
| | - Andrew Chambers
- Department of Biology, Franciscan University of Steubenville, Steubenville, OH, 43952, USA
| | - Carlo Maria De Filippo
- The Centre of Research and Formation High Technologies "Johannes Paulus II", Catholic University of Campobasso, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariangela Amatuzio
- The Centre of Research and Formation High Technologies "Johannes Paulus II", Catholic University of Campobasso, Campobasso, Italy
| | | | - Amit N Patel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Eugenio Caradonna
- The Centre of Research and Formation High Technologies "Johannes Paulus II", Catholic University of Campobasso, Campobasso, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Najar M, Crompot E, van Grunsven LA, Dollé L, Lagneaux L. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity in Adipose Tissue: Isolation and Gene Expression Profile of Distinct Sub-population of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:599-611. [PMID: 29333563 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9777-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thanks to their relative abundance and easier collection, adipose tissue (AT) is considered an alternative source for the isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs have great therapeutic values and are thus under investigations for several clinical indications such as regenerative medicine and immunomodulation. In this work, we aimed to identify, isolate and characterize AT-MSCs based on their aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity known to be a classical feature of stem cells. FACS technology allowed to isolate two different populations of AT-MSCs according to their ALDH activity (referred as ALDH+ and ALDH-). Depending on their ALDH activity, the transcriptome analysis of both cell populations demonstrated a differential pattern of genes related to the main properties of MSCs (proliferation, response to hypoxia, angiogenesis, phenotype, stemness, multilineage, hematopoiesis, immunomodulation). Based on these profiling, both AT-MSC populations could differ in terms of biological responses and functionalities. Collectively, the use of ALDH for isolating and identifying sub-populations of MSCs with specific gene profile may represent an alternative method to provide solutions for targeted therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Route de Lennik n° 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emerence Crompot
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Route de Lennik n° 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Leo A van Grunsven
- Liver Cell Biology Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Dollé
- Liver Cell Biology Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Route de Lennik n° 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kouroupis D, Sanjurjo-Rodriguez C, Jones E, Correa D. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Functionalization for Enhanced Therapeutic Applications. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2018; 25:55-77. [PMID: 30165783 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Culture expansion of MSCs has detrimental effects on various cell characteristics and attributes (e.g., phenotypic changes and senescence), which, in addition to inherent interdonor variability, negatively impact the standardization and reproducibility of their therapeutic potential. The identification of innate distinct functional MSC subpopulations, as well as the description of ex vivo protocols aimed at maintaining phenotypes and enhancing specific functions have the potential to overcome these limitations. The incorporation of those approaches into cell-based therapy would significantly impact the field, as more reproducible clinical outcomes may be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Kouroupis
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,2 Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Clara Sanjurjo-Rodriguez
- 3 Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Disease, Saint James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,4 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Medicine and Physiotherapy, University of A Coruña, CIBER-BBN-Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Elena Jones
- 3 Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Disease, Saint James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Correa
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, UHealth Sports Medicine Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,2 Diabetes Research Institute & Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Petters O, Schmidt C, Thuemmler C, Peinemann F, Zscharnack M, Somerson JS, Schulz RM. Point-of-care treatment of focal cartilage defects with selected chondrogenic mesenchymal stromal cells-An in vitro proof-of-concept study. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:1717-1727. [PMID: 29766671 DOI: 10.1002/term.2699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Due to the poor self-healing capacities of cartilage, innovative approaches are a major clinical need. The use of in vitro expanded mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in a 2-stage approach is accompanied by cost-, time-, and personnel-intensive good manufacturing practice production. A 1-stage intraoperative procedure could overcome these drawbacks. The aim was to prove the feasibility of a point-of-care concept for the treatment of cartilage lesions using defined MSC subpopulations in a collagen hydrogel without prior MSC monolayer expansion. We tested 4 single marker candidates (MSCA-1, W4A5, CD146, CD271) for their effectiveness of separating colony-forming units of ovine MSCs via magnetic cell separation. The most promising surface marker with regard to the highest enrichment of colony-forming cells was subsequently used to isolate a MSC subpopulation for the direct generation of a cartilage graft composed of a collagen type I hydrogel without the propagation of MSCs in monolayer. We observed that separation with CD271 sustained the highest enrichment of colony-forming units. We then demonstrated the feasibility of generating a cartilage graft with an unsorted bone marrow mononuclear cell fraction and with a characterized CD271 positive MSC subpopulation without the need for a prior cell expansion. A reduced volume of 6.25% of the CD271 positive MSCs was needed to achieve the same results regarding chondrogenesis compared with the unseparated bone marrow mononuclear cell fraction, drastically reducing the number of nonrelevant cells. This study provides a proof-of-concept and reflects the potential of an intraoperative procedure for direct seeding of cartilage grafts with selected CD271 positive cells from bone marrow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Petters
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Schmidt
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Thuemmler
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frank Peinemann
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Zscharnack
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jeremy S Somerson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ronny M Schulz
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Najar M, Crompot E, van Grunsven LA, Dollé L, Lagneaux L. Foreskin-derived mesenchymal stromal cells with aldehyde dehydrogenase activity: isolation and gene profiling. BMC Cell Biol 2018; 19:4. [PMID: 29625551 PMCID: PMC5889569 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-018-0157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) become an attractive research topic because of their crucial roles in tissue repair and regenerative medicine. Foreskin is considered as a valuable tissue source containing immunotherapeutic MSCs (FSK-MSCs). Results In this work, we used aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDH) assay (ALDEFLUOR™) to isolate and therefore characterize subsets of FSK-MSCs. According to their ALDH activity, we were able to distinguish and sort by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) two subsets of FSK-MSCs (referred as ALDH+ and ALDH−). Consequently, these subsets were characterized by profiling the gene expression related to the main properties of MSCs (proliferation, response to hypoxia, angiogenesis, phenotype, stemness, multilineage, hematopoiesis and immunomodulation). We thus demonstrated by Real Time PCR several relevant differences in gene expression based on their ALDH activity. Conclusion Taken together, this preliminary study suggests that distinct subsets of FSK-MSCs with differential gene expression profiles depending of ALDH activity could be identified. These populations could differ in terms of biological functionalities involving the selection by ALDH activity as useful tool for potent therapeutic applications. However, functional studies should be conducted to confirm their therapeutic relevance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12860-018-0157-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emerence Crompot
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Leo A van Grunsven
- Liver Cell Biology Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Dollé
- Liver Cell Biology Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Use of Cartilage Tissue Engineering: The Need for a Rapid Isolation Procedure. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:8947548. [PMID: 29765427 PMCID: PMC5903192 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8947548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown much promise with respect to their use in cartilage tissue engineering. MSCs can be obtained from many different tissue sources. Among these, adipose tissue can provide an abundant source of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) is a promising source of ADMSCs with respect to producing a cartilage lineage. Cell isolation protocols to date are time-consuming and follow conservative approaches that rely on a long incubation period of 24–48 hours. The different types of ADMSC isolation techniques used for cartilage repair will be reviewed and compared with the view of developing a rapid one-step isolation protocol that can be applied in the context of a surgical procedure.
Collapse
|