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Carlier S, Depuydt E, Suls M, Bocqué C, Thys J, Vandenberghe A, Martens A, Saunders J, Hellmann K, Braun G, Beerts C, Spaas JH. Equine allogeneic tenogenic primed mesenchymal stem cells: A clinical field study in horses suffering from naturally occurring superficial digital flexor tendon and suspensory ligament injuries. Equine Vet J 2024; 56:924-935. [PMID: 37847100 DOI: 10.1111/evj.14008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells are an innovative therapeutic for various equine orthopaedic diseases, including soft tissue injuries. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety and efficacy of tenogenic primed equine allogeneic peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (tpMSCs) in horses with naturally occurring superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) and suspensory ligament (SL) injuries. STUDY DESIGN Multicentre, blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial. METHODS One hundred client-owned horses with SDFT and SL injuries were randomised to receive an intralesional tpMSC (66) or saline (34) injection. Clinical and ultrasonographic evaluation was performed before treatment and on Days 56 ± 3 and 112 ± 3 after treatment. Long-term data on re-injury was collected up to 2 years after treatment. RESULTS Significantly more tpMSC-treated horses achieved improvement in fibre alignment score (FAS) (100% vs. 54.5%, p < 0.001) and echogenicity (97.0% vs. 57.6%, p < 0.001) on Day 112 ± 3, and their lesion size decreased significantly (-27.6 ± 25.91 vs. -4.6 ± 26.64 mm2, p < 0.001) compared to the placebo group. A FAS = 0 was achieved in 65% of tpMSC-treated horses, as compared to 9% of placebo-treated horses at Day 112 ± 3. The attending veterinarians reported no re-injury in 41 of 53 tpMSC and in 2 of 26 saline-treated horses available for long-term follow-up (p < 0.001). MAIN LIMITATIONS As this study consisted of client-owned horses, no samples for histology were collected. Long-term follow-up was only available for a subset of enrolled horses. CONCLUSIONS The intralesional administration of tpMSCs was safe and improved the quality of healing and long-term outcomes in sports horses with naturally occurring SDFT and suspensory injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Carlier
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Medicine Belgium, Evergem, Belgium
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- Department of Large Animal Surgery, Anaesthesia and Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Eva Depuydt
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Medicine Belgium, Evergem, Belgium
- Department of Large Animal Surgery, Anaesthesia and Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Marc Suls
- Praktijk Dr. Suls BV, Nederweert, the Netherlands
- Via Nova Equine, Bree, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Ann Martens
- Department of Large Animal Surgery, Anaesthesia and Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jimmy Saunders
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | | | | | - Charlotte Beerts
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Medicine Belgium, Evergem, Belgium
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jan H Spaas
- Boehringer Ingelheim Veterinary Medicine Belgium, Evergem, Belgium
- Department of Morphology, Imaging, Orthopedics, Rehabilitation and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Gahlawat S, Oruc D, Paul N, Ragheb M, Patel S, Fasasi O, Sharma P, Shreiber DI, Freeman JW. Tissue Engineered 3D Constructs for Volumetric Muscle Loss. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:2325-2347. [PMID: 39085677 PMCID: PMC11329418 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-024-03541-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Severe injuries to skeletal muscles, including cases of volumetric muscle loss (VML), are linked to substantial tissue damage, resulting in functional impairment and lasting disability. While skeletal muscle can regenerate following minor damage, extensive tissue loss in VML disrupts the natural regenerative capacity of the affected muscle tissue. Existing clinical approaches for VML, such as soft-tissue reconstruction and advanced bracing methods, need to be revised to restore tissue function and are associated with limitations in tissue availability and donor-site complications. Advancements in tissue engineering (TE), particularly in scaffold design and the delivery of cells and growth factors, show promising potential for regenerating damaged skeletal muscle tissue and restoring function. This article provides a brief overview of the pathophysiology of VML and critiques the shortcomings of current treatments. The subsequent section focuses on the criteria for designing TE scaffolds, offering insights into various natural and synthetic biomaterials and cell types for effectively regenerating skeletal muscle. We also review multiple TE strategies involving both acellular and cellular scaffolds to encourage the development and maturation of muscle tissue and facilitate integration, vascularization, and innervation. Finally, the article explores technical challenges hindering successful translation into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Gahlawat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Doga Oruc
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Nikhil Paul
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Mark Ragheb
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Swati Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Oyinkansola Fasasi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Peeyush Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - David I Shreiber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph W Freeman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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Deppen JN, Ginn SC, Tang EO, Wang L, Brockman ML, Levit RD. Alginate-Encapsulated Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Improve Hind Limb Ischemia in a Translational Swine Model. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e029880. [PMID: 38639336 PMCID: PMC11179867 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.029880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular therapies have been investigated to improve blood flow and prevent amputation in peripheral artery disease with limited efficacy in clinical trials. Alginate-encapsulated mesenchymal stromal cells (eMSCs) demonstrated improved retention and survival and promoted vascular generation in murine hind limb ischemia through their secretome, but large animal evaluation is necessary for human applicability. We sought to determine the efficacy of eMSCs for peripheral artery disease-induced limb ischemia through assessment in our durable swine hind limb ischemia model. METHODS AND RESULTS Autologous bone marrow eMSCs or empty alginate capsules were intramuscularly injected 2 weeks post-hind limb ischemia establishment (N=4/group). Improvements were quantified for 4 weeks through walkway gait analysis, contrast angiography, blood pressures, fluorescent microsphere perfusion, and muscle morphology and histology. Capsules remained intact with mesenchymal stromal cells retained for 4 weeks. Adenosine-induced perfusion deficits and muscle atrophy in ischemic limbs were significantly improved by eMSCs versus empty capsules (mean±SD, 1.07±0.19 versus 0.41±0.16, P=0.002 for perfusion ratios and 2.79±0.12 versus 1.90±0.62 g/kg, P=0.029 for ischemic muscle mass). Force- and temporal-associated walkway parameters normalized (ratio, 0.63±0.35 at week 3 versus 1.02±0.19 preligation; P=0.17), and compensatory footfall patterning was diminished in eMSC-administered swine (12.58±8.46% versus 34.85±15.26%; P=0.043). Delivery of eMSCs was associated with trending benefits in collateralization, local neovascularization, and muscle fibrosis. Hypoxia-cultured porcine mesenchymal stromal cells secreted vascular endothelial growth factor and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the promise of the mesenchymal stromal cell secretome at improving peripheral artery disease outcomes and the potential for this novel swine model to serve as a component of the preclinical pipeline for advanced therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juline N. Deppen
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlantaGA
- Division of CardiologyEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA
| | - Sydney C. Ginn
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlantaGA
- Division of CardiologyEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA
| | - Erica O. Tang
- Division of CardiologyEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA
| | - Lanfang Wang
- Division of CardiologyEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA
| | | | - Rebecca D. Levit
- Division of CardiologyEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA
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Takegaki J, Sase K, Kono Y, Fujita T, Konishi S, Fujita S. Intramuscular injection of mesenchymal stem cells augments basal muscle protein synthesis after bouts of resistance exercise in male mice. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15991. [PMID: 38605421 PMCID: PMC11009371 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mass is critical for activities of daily living. Resistance training maintains or increases muscle mass, and various strategies maximize the training adaptation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with differential potency in skeletal muscle cells and the capacity to secrete growth factors. However, little is known regarding the effect of intramuscular injection of MSCs on basal muscle protein synthesis and catabolic systems after resistance training. Here, we measured changes in basal muscle protein synthesis, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy-lysosome system-related factors after bouts of resistance exercise by intramuscular injection of MSCs. Mice performed three bouts of resistance exercise (each consisting of 50 maximal isometric contractions elicited by electrical stimulation) on the right gastrocnemius muscle every 48 h, and immediately after the first bout, mice were intramuscularly injected with either MSCs (2.0 × 106 cells) labeled with green fluorescence protein (GFP) or vehicle only placebo. Seventy-two hours after the third exercise bout, GFP was detected only in the muscle injected with MSCs with concomitant elevation of muscle protein synthesis. The injection of MSCs also increased protein ubiquitination. These results suggest that the intramuscular injection of MSCs augmented muscle protein turnover at the basal state after consecutive resistance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Takegaki
- Research Organization of Science and TechnologyRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research OrganizationRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
- Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceKobe UniversityKobeHyogoJapan
| | - Kohei Sase
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| | - Yusuke Kono
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research OrganizationRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesKobe Pharmaceutical UniversityKobeHyogoJapan
| | - Takuya Fujita
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| | - Satoshi Konishi
- Faculty of Science and EngineeringRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
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Han S, Cruz SH, Park S, Shin SR. Nano-biomaterials and advanced fabrication techniques for engineering skeletal muscle tissue constructs in regenerative medicine. NANO CONVERGENCE 2023; 10:48. [PMID: 37864632 PMCID: PMC10590364 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-023-00398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Engineered three-dimensional (3D) tissue constructs have emerged as a promising solution for regenerating damaged muscle tissue resulting from traumatic or surgical events. 3D architecture and function of the muscle tissue constructs can be customized by selecting types of biomaterials and cells that can be engineered with desired shapes and sizes through various nano- and micro-fabrication techniques. Despite significant progress in this field, further research is needed to improve, in terms of biomaterials properties and fabrication techniques, the resemblance of function and complex architecture of engineered constructs to native muscle tissues, potentially enhancing muscle tissue regeneration and restoring muscle function. In this review, we discuss the latest trends in using nano-biomaterials and advanced nano-/micro-fabrication techniques for creating 3D muscle tissue constructs and their regeneration ability. Current challenges and potential solutions are highlighted, and we discuss the implications and opportunities of a future perspective in the field, including the possibility for creating personalized and biomanufacturable platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokgyu Han
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Sebastián Herrera Cruz
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sungsu Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics (IQB), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Korea.
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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Ichiseki T, Shimasaki M, Ueda S, Hirata H, Souma D, Kawahara N, Ueda Y. Efficacy of Rectal Systemic Administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Injury Sites via the CXCL12/CXCR4 Axis to Promote Regeneration in a Rabbit Skeletal Muscle Injury Model. Cells 2023; 12:1729. [PMID: 37443763 PMCID: PMC10340610 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been transplanted directly into lesions or injected intravenously. The administration of MSCs using these delivery methods requires specialized knowledge, techniques, and facilities. Here, we describe intrarectal systemic administration of MSCs, a simple, non-invasive route for homing to the injury sites to promote the regeneration of skeletal muscle injuries. Using a cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced rabbit skeletal muscle injury model, homing to the site of muscle injury was confirmed by intrarectal administration of MSCs; the time required for homing after intrarectal administration was approximately 5 days. In addition, the C-X-C chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12)/C-X-C chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) axis was found to be involved in the homing process. Histopathological examinations showed that skeletal muscle regeneration was promoted in the MSCs-administered group compared to the CTX-only group. Myosin heavy polypeptide 3 (Myh3) expression, an indicator of early muscle regeneration, was detected earlier in the intrarectal MSCs group compared to the CTX-only group. These findings indicate that intrarectal administration of MSCs is effective in homing to the injured area, where they promote injury repair. Since intrarectal administration is a simple and non-invasive delivery route, these findings may be valuable in future research on stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Ichiseki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Japan; (S.U.)
| | - Miyako Shimasaki
- Department of Pathology 2, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Japan;
| | - Shusuke Ueda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Japan; (S.U.)
| | - Hiroaki Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Japan; (S.U.)
| | - Daisuke Souma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Japan; (S.U.)
| | - Norio Kawahara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Daigaku 1-1, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Japan; (S.U.)
| | - Yoshimichi Ueda
- Department of Pathology, Keiju Medical Center, 94, Tomioka-machi, Nanao 926-0816, Japan
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Hoeger NS, Mittlmeier T, Vollmar B, Stratos I, Dobson GP, Rotter R. ALM Therapy Promotes Functional and Histologic Regeneration of Traumatized Peripheral Skeletal Muscle. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:870. [PMID: 37372154 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle trauma is a common injury with a range of severity. Adenosine, lidocaine and Mg2+ (ALM) is a protective solution and improves tissue perfusion and coagulopathy. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized and subjected to standardized skeletal muscle trauma of the left soleus muscle with the protection of the neurovascular structures. Seventy animals were randomly assigned to saline control or ALM. Immediately after trauma, a bolus of ALM solution was applied intravenously, followed by a one-hour infusion. After 1, 4, 7, 14 and 42 days, the biomechanical regenerative capacity was examined using incomplete tetanic force and tetany, and immunohistochemistry was used to examine for proliferation and apoptosis characteristics. Biomechanical force development showed a significant increase following ALM therapy for incomplete tetanic force and tetany on days 4 and 7. In addition, the histological evaluation showed a significant increase in proliferative BrdU-positive cells with ALM therapy on days 1 and 14. Ki67 histology also detected significantly more proliferative cells on days 1, 4, 7, 14 and 42 in ALM-treated animals. Furthermore, a simultaneous decrease in the number of apoptotic cells was observed using the TUNEL method. ALM solution showed significant superiority in biomechanical force development and also a significant positive effect on cell proliferation in traumatized skeletal muscle tissue and reduced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sarah Hoeger
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Mittlmeier
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Brigitte Vollmar
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ioannis Stratos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Geoffrey P Dobson
- Heart and Trauma Research Laboratory, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Robert Rotter
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
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Scala P, Manzo P, Longo R, Giudice V, Ciardulli MC, Serio B, Selleri C, Guadagno L, Rehak L, Maffulli N, Della Porta G. Contribution of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated by advanced filtration system to myogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured with myoblasts. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17141. [PMID: 37484299 PMCID: PMC10361327 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Contribution of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in myogenesis is still under debate, even though blood filtration systems are commonly used in clinical practice for successfully management of critic limb ischemia. Objectives A commercial blood filter used for autologous human PBMC transplantation procedures is characterized and used to collect PBMCs, that are then added to well-established 2D in vitro myogenic models assembled with a co-culture of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) and skeletal myoblasts (hSkMs) whit the aim of investigating their potential contribution to stem cell myogenic commitment. Methods A commercial blood filter was physically and chemically studied to understand its morphological characteristics and composition. PBMCs were concentrated using this system, further isolated by Ficoll-Paque density gradient centrifugation, and then added in an upper transwell chamber to a 2D co-culture of hBM-MSCs and hSkMs. Myogenic commitment was investigated by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry immunophenotyping. Cytokine levels were monitored by ELISA assay in culture media. Results The blood filtration system was disassembled and appeared to be formed by twelve membranes of poly-butylene terephthalate fibers (diameters, 0.9-4.0 μm) with pore size distribution of 1-20 μm. Filter functional characterization was achieved by characterizing collected cells by flow cytometry. Subsequently, collected PBMCs fraction was added to an in-vitro model of hBM-MSC myogenic commitment. In the presence of PBMCs, stem cells significantly upregulated myogenic genes, such as Desmin and MYH2, as confirmed by qRT-PCR and expressed related proteins by immunofluorescence (IF) assay, while downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL12A at day 14) along the 21 days of culture. Novelty Our work highlights chemical-physical properties of commercial blood filter and suggests that blood filtrated fraction of PBMC might modulate cytokine expression in response to muscle injury and promote myogenic events, supporting their clinical use in autologous transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualina Scala
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 43, 84081 Baronissi SA, Italy
| | - Paola Manzo
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona”, Largo Città d'Ippocrate, 1, 84131 Salerno SA, Italy
| | - Raffaele Longo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano SA, Italy
| | - Valentina Giudice
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 43, 84081 Baronissi SA, Italy
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona”, Largo Città d'Ippocrate, 1, 84131 Salerno SA, Italy
| | - Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 43, 84081 Baronissi SA, Italy
| | - Bianca Serio
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona”, Largo Città d'Ippocrate, 1, 84131 Salerno SA, Italy
| | - Carmine Selleri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 43, 84081 Baronissi SA, Italy
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona”, Largo Città d'Ippocrate, 1, 84131 Salerno SA, Italy
| | - Liberata Guadagno
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano SA, Italy
| | - Laura Rehak
- Athena Biomedical Innovations, Viale Europa 139, Florence, 50126, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 43, 84081 Baronissi SA, Italy
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, UK
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 43, 84081 Baronissi SA, Italy
- Interdepartment Centre BIONAM, Università di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano SA, Italy
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Cao Y, Tan J, Zhao H, Deng T, Hu Y, Zeng J, Li J, Cheng Y, Tang J, Hu Z, Hu K, Xu B, Wang Z, Wu Y, Lobie PE, Ma S. Bead-jet printing enabled sparse mesenchymal stem cell patterning augments skeletal muscle and hair follicle regeneration. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7463. [PMID: 36460667 PMCID: PMC9718784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35183-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) holds promise to repair severe traumatic injuries. However, current transplantation practices limit the potential of this technique, either by losing the viable MSCs or reducing the performance of resident MSCs. Herein, we design a "bead-jet" printer, specialized for high-throughput intra-operative formulation and printing of MSCs-laden Matrigel beads. We show that high-density encapsulation of MSCs in Matrigel beads is able to augment MSC function, increasing MSC proliferation, migration, and extracellular vesicle production, compared with low-density bead or high-density bulk encapsulation of the equivalent number of MSCs. We find that the high-density MSCs-laden beads in sparse patterns demonstrate significantly improved therapeutic performance, by regenerating skeletal muscles approaching native-like cell density with reduced fibrosis, and regenerating skin with hair follicle growth and increased dermis thickness. MSC proliferation within 1-week post-transplantation and differentiation at 3 - 4 weeks post-transplantation are suggested to contribute therapy augmentation. We expect this "bead-jet" printing system to strengthen the potential of MSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxiong Cao
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiayi Tan
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoran Zhao
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunxia Hu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junhong Zeng
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yifan Cheng
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiyuan Tang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Keer Hu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zitian Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yaojiong Wu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaohua Ma
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), 518055, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
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10
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Winkler T, Costa ML, Ofir R, Parolini O, Geissler S, Volk HD, Eder C. HIPGEN: a randomized, multicentre phase III study using intramuscular PLacenta-eXpanded stromal cells therapy for recovery following hip fracture arthroplasty : a study design. Bone Jt Open 2022; 3:340-347. [PMID: 35451865 PMCID: PMC9044085 DOI: 10.1302/2633-1462.34.bjo-2021-0156.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the HIPGEN consortium is to develop the first cell therapy product for hip fracture patients using PLacental-eXpanded (PLX-PAD) stromal cells. METHODS HIPGEN is a multicentre, multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 240 patients aged 60 to 90 years with low-energy femoral neck fractures (FNF) will be allocated to two arms and receive an intramuscular injection of either 150 × 106 PLX-PAD cells or placebo into the medial gluteal muscle after direct lateral implantation of total or hemi hip arthroplasty. Patients will be followed for two years. The primary endpoint is the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) at week 26. Secondary and exploratory endpoints include morphological parameters (lean body mass), functional parameters (abduction and handgrip strength, symmetry in gait, weightbearing), all-cause mortality rate and patient-reported outcome measures (Lower Limb Measure, EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire). Immunological biomarker and in vitro studies will be performed to analyze the PLX-PAD mechanism of action. A sample size of 240 subjects was calculated providing 88% power for the detection of a 1 SPPB point treatment effect for a two-sided test with an α level of 5%. CONCLUSION The HIPGEN study assesses the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of intramuscular PLX-PAD administration for the treatment of muscle injury following arthroplasty for hip fracture. It is the first phase III study to investigate the effect of an allogeneic cell therapy on improved mobilization after hip fracture, an aspect which is in sore need of addressing for the improvement in standard of care treatment for patients with FNF. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(4):340-347.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Winkler
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthew L Costa
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Campus di Roma, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sven Geissler
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Eder
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Fu C, Huang AH, Galatz LM, Han WM. Cellular and molecular modulation of rotator cuff muscle pathophysiology. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2310-2322. [PMID: 34553789 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Rotator cuff (RC) tendon tears are common shoulder injuries that result in irreversible and persistent degeneration of the associated muscles, which is characterized by severe inflammation, atrophy, fibrosis, and fatty infiltration. Although RC muscle degeneration strongly dictates the overall clinical outcomes, strategies to stimulate RC muscle regeneration have largely been overlooked to date. In this review, we highlight the current understanding of the cellular processes that coordinate muscle regeneration, and the roles of muscle resident cells, including immune cells, fibroadipogenic progenitors, and muscle satellite cells in the pathophysiologic regulation of RC muscles following injury. This review also provides perspectives for potential therapies to alleviate the hallmarks of RC muscle degeneration to address current limitations in postsurgical recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Alice H Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Leesa M Galatz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Woojin M Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA.,Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
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12
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Takegaki J, Sase K, Kono Y, Nakano D, Fujita T, Konishi S, Fujita S. Intramuscular injection of mesenchymal stem cells activates anabolic and catabolic systems in mouse skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21224. [PMID: 34707171 PMCID: PMC8551189 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00627-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mass is critical for good quality of life. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells distributed across various tissues. They are characterized by the capacity to secrete growth factors and differentiate into skeletal muscle cells. These capabilities suggest that MSCs might be beneficial for muscle growth. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the effects on muscle protein anabolic and catabolic systems of intramuscular injection of MSCs into skeletal muscle. Therefore, in the present study, we measured changes in mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, the ubiquitin–proteasome system, and autophagy-lysosome system-related factors after a single intramuscular injection of MSCs with green fluorescence protein (GFP) into mouse muscles. The intramuscularly-injected MSCs were retained in the gastrocnemius muscle for 7 days after the injection, indicated by detection of GFP and expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha. The injection of MSCs increased the expression of satellite cell-related genes, activated mTORC1 signaling and muscle protein synthesis, and increased protein ubiquitination and autophagosome formation (indicated by the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II). These results suggest that the intramuscular injection of MSCs activated muscle anabolic and catabolic systems and accelerated muscle protein turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Takegaki
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.,Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kohei Sase
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kono
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Daiki Nakano
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Takuya Fujita
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Konishi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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13
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Scala P, Rehak L, Giudice V, Ciaglia E, Puca AA, Selleri C, Della Porta G, Maffulli N. Stem Cell and Macrophage Roles in Skeletal Muscle Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10867. [PMID: 34639203 PMCID: PMC8509639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In severe muscle injury, skeletal muscle tissue structure and functionality can be repaired through the involvement of several cell types, such as muscle stem cells, and innate immune responses. However, the exact mechanisms behind muscle tissue regeneration, homeostasis, and plasticity are still under investigation, and the discovery of pathways and cell types involved in muscle repair can open the way for novel therapeutic approaches, such as cell-based therapies involving stem cells and peripheral blood mononucleate cells. Indeed, peripheral cell infusions are a new therapy for muscle healing, likely because autologous peripheral blood infusion at the site of injury might enhance innate immune responses, especially those driven by macrophages. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on functions of stem cells and macrophages in skeletal muscle repairs and their roles as components of a promising cell-based therapies for muscle repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualina Scala
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.S.); (V.G.); (E.C.); (A.A.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Laura Rehak
- Athena Biomedical innovations, Viale Europa 139, 50126 Florence, Italy;
| | - Valentina Giudice
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.S.); (V.G.); (E.C.); (A.A.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, Largo Città d’Ippocrate 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, Largo Città d’Ippocrate 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.S.); (V.G.); (E.C.); (A.A.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Annibale Alessandro Puca
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.S.); (V.G.); (E.C.); (A.A.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Milanese 300, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Carmine Selleri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.S.); (V.G.); (E.C.); (A.A.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, Largo Città d’Ippocrate 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.S.); (V.G.); (E.C.); (A.A.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
- Interdepartment Centre BIONAM, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo I, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (P.S.); (V.G.); (E.C.); (A.A.P.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, UK
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14
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Alarcin E, Bal-Öztürk A, Avci H, Ghorbanpoor H, Dogan Guzel F, Akpek A, Yesiltas G, Canak-Ipek T, Avci-Adali M. Current Strategies for the Regeneration of Skeletal Muscle Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5929. [PMID: 34072959 PMCID: PMC8198586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injuries, tumor resections, and degenerative diseases can damage skeletal muscle and lead to functional impairment and severe disability. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process that depends on various cell types, signaling molecules, architectural cues, and physicochemical properties to be successful. To promote muscle repair and regeneration, various strategies for skeletal muscle tissue engineering have been developed in the last decades. However, there is still a high demand for the development of new methods and materials that promote skeletal muscle repair and functional regeneration to bring approaches closer to therapies in the clinic that structurally and functionally repair muscle. The combination of stem cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules is used to induce skeletal muscle regeneration. In this review, we provide an overview of different cell types used to treat skeletal muscle injury, highlight current strategies in biomaterial-based approaches, the importance of topography for the successful creation of functional striated muscle fibers, and discuss novel methods for muscle regeneration and challenges for their future clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Alarcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Ayca Bal-Öztürk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey;
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Health Sciences, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avci
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Research Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
- AvciBio Research Group, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hamed Ghorbanpoor
- AvciBio Research Group, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06010 Ankara, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Dogan Guzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06010 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Ali Akpek
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey; (A.A.); (G.Y.)
| | - Gözde Yesiltas
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey; (A.A.); (G.Y.)
| | - Tuba Canak-Ipek
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
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15
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Nuge T, Liu Z, Liu X, Ang BC, Andriyana A, Metselaar HSC, Hoque ME. Recent Advances in Scaffolding from Natural-Based Polymers for Volumetric Muscle Injury. Molecules 2021; 26:699. [PMID: 33572728 PMCID: PMC7865392 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Volumetric Muscle Loss (VML) is associated with muscle loss function and often untreated and considered part of the natural sequelae of trauma. Various types of biomaterials with different physical and properties have been developed to treat VML. However, much work remains yet to be done before the scaffolds can pass from the bench to the bedside. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest developments in the construction and application of natural polymers-based tissue scaffolding for volumetric muscle injury. Here, the tissue engineering approaches for treating volumetric muscle loss injury are highlighted and recent advances in cell-based therapies using various sources of stem cells are elaborated in detail. An overview of different strategies of tissue scaffolding and their efficacy on skeletal muscle cells regeneration and migration are presented. Furthermore, the present paper discusses a wide range of natural polymers with a special focus on proteins and polysaccharides that are major components of the extracellular matrices. The natural polymers are biologically active and excellently promote cell adhesion and growth. These bio-characteristics justify natural polymers as one of the most attractive options for developing scaffolds for muscle cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamrin Nuge
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo 315100, China; (T.N.); (Z.L.)
| | - Ziqian Liu
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo 315100, China; (T.N.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo 315100, China; (T.N.); (Z.L.)
| | - Bee Chin Ang
- Centre of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.A.); (H.S.C.M.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Andri Andriyana
- Centre of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.A.); (H.S.C.M.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Hendrik Simon Cornelis Metselaar
- Centre of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.A.); (H.S.C.M.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Md Enamul Hoque
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST), Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh;
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16
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Hendrijantini N, Hartono CK, Daniati RP, Hong G, Sitalaksmi RM, Kuntjoro M, Ari MDA. Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-induced Osterix, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2, and Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase Expression in Osteoporotic Mandibular Bone. Eur J Dent 2020; 15:84-89. [PMID: 32898872 PMCID: PMC7902117 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to prove that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC) therapy conducted according to the mandibular osteoporotic model will increase Osterix (Osx) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) expression, while reducing tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) expression. PKH26 labeling proves that mandibular bone regeneration is produced by hUCMSCs induction. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study incorporated a true posttest only control group design. Twenty-five female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups consisting of the sham surgery (N) group, osteoporotic groups injected with gelatin for 4 weeks (G4) and 8 weeks (G8), and osteoporotic groups injected with hUCMSC-gelatin for 4weeks (SC4) and 8 weeks (SC8). All subjects were provided for BMP-2, Osx, and TRAP on immunohistochemistry examination and PKH-26 labeling. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS All data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests with p < 0.05 being considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Compared with other groups, the highest level of BMP-2 and Osx occurred in the sham surgery (N) and osteoporotic groups injected with hUCMSCs-gelatin (SC), while the lowest level of TRAP was found in SC4. During 4- and 8-week observation periods, the PKH 26 appeared green (fluorescent). CONCLUSIONS hUCMSC demonstrates high-osteogenic activity and increased osteoporotic mandibular bone regeneration, as shown by increased expression of Osx and BMP-2 and decreased TRAP expression. From the labeling, PKH-26 proved that viable hUCMSCs in gelatin solvent can be present in the mandibular bone and be capable of promoting osteogenic differentiation and increasing mineralization and bone formation in the osteoporotic mandibular bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nike Hendrijantini
- Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Cindy Karina Hartono
- Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Reni Puspa Daniati
- Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Guang Hong
- Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ratri Maya Sitalaksmi
- Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mefina Kuntjoro
- Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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17
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Barisic D, Erb M, Follo M, Al-Mudaris D, Rolauffs B, Hart ML. Lack of a skeletal muscle phenotype in adult human bone marrow stromal cells following xenogeneic-free expansion. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:79. [PMID: 32087752 PMCID: PMC7036219 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-1587-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have elegantly shown that murine and rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (bmMSCs) contribute to muscle regeneration and improve muscle function. Yet, the ability of transplanted human bmMSCs to manifest myogenic potential shows conflicting results. While human adipose- and umbilical cord-derived MSCs can be differentiated into a skeletal muscle phenotype using horse serum (HS), bmMSCs have only been shown to differentiate towards the skeletal muscle lineage using a complex mixture of cytokines followed by transfection with notch intracellular domain. Methods Since xenogeneic-free growth supplements are increasingly being used in the expansion of bmMSCs in clinical trials, we investigated the effects of human plasma and platelet lysate (P/PL) on the expression of neuromuscular markers and whether P/PL-expanded human bmMSCs could be differentiated towards a skeletal myogenic phenotype. Neuromuscular markers were measured using the highly sensitive droplet digital polymerase chain reaction for measuring the expression of Myf5, MyoD, MyoG, ACTA1, Desmin, GAP-43, and Coronin 1b transcripts, by performing immunofluorescence for the expression of Desmin, GAP-43, and MEF2, and flow cytometry for the expression of CD56/neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Results Despite that bmMSCs expressed the myogenic regulatory factor (MRF) MEF2 after expansion in P/PL, bmMSCs cultured under such conditions did not express other essential MRFs including Myf5, MyoD, MyoG, or ACTA1 needed for myogenesis. Moreover, HS did not induce myogenesis of bmMSCs and hence did not induce the expression of any of these myogenic markers. P/PL, however, did lead to a significant increase in neurogenic GAP-43, as well as Desmin expression, and resulted in a high baseline expression of the neurogenic gene Coronin 1b which was sustained under further P/PL or HS culture conditions. Fetal bovine serum resulted in equally high levels of GAP-43 and Coronin 1b. Moreover, the proportion of CD56/NCAM-positive bmMSCs cultured in P/PL was 5.9 ± 2.1. Conclusions These data suggest that P/PL may prime a small portion of bmMSCs towards an early neural precursor cell type. Collectively, this shows that P/PL partially primes the cells towards a neurogenic phenotype, but does not prime adult human bmMSCs towards the skeletal muscle lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Barisic
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marita Erb
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marie Follo
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dahlia Al-Mudaris
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie L Hart
- G.E.R.N. Center for Tissue Replacement, Regeneration and Neogenesis, Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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18
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Qazi TH, Duda GN, Ort MJ, Perka C, Geissler S, Winkler T. Cell therapy to improve regeneration of skeletal muscle injuries. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:501-516. [PMID: 30843380 PMCID: PMC6596399 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases that jeopardize the musculoskeletal system and cause chronic impairment are prevalent throughout the Western world. In Germany alone, ~1.8 million patients suffer from these diseases annually, and medical expenses have been reported to reach 34.2bn Euros. Although musculoskeletal disorders are seldom fatal, they compromise quality of life and diminish functional capacity. For example, musculoskeletal disorders incur an annual loss of over 0.8 million workforce years to the German economy. Among these diseases, traumatic skeletal muscle injuries are especially problematic because they can occur owing to a variety of causes and are very challenging to treat. In contrast to chronic muscle diseases such as dystrophy, sarcopenia, or cachexia, traumatic muscle injuries inflict damage to localized muscle groups. Although minor muscle trauma heals without severe consequences, no reliable clinical strategy exists to prevent excessive fibrosis or fatty degeneration, both of which occur after severe traumatic injury and contribute to muscle degeneration and dysfunction. Of the many proposed strategies, cell-based approaches have shown the most promising results in numerous pre-clinical studies and have demonstrated success in the handful of clinical trials performed so far. A number of myogenic and non-myogenic cell types benefit muscle healing, either by directly participating in new tissue formation or by stimulating the endogenous processes of muscle repair. These cell types operate via distinct modes of action, and they demonstrate varying levels of feasibility for muscle regeneration depending, to an extent, on the muscle injury model used. While in some models the injury naturally resolves over time, other models have been developed to recapitulate the peculiarities of real-life injuries and therefore mimic the structural and functional impairment observed in humans. Existing limitations of cell therapy approaches include issues related to autologous harvesting, expansion and sorting protocols, optimal dosage, and viability after transplantation. Several clinical trials have been performed to treat skeletal muscle injuries using myogenic progenitor cells or multipotent stromal cells, with promising outcomes. Recent improvements in our understanding of cell behaviour and the mechanistic basis for their modes of action have led to a new paradigm in cell therapies where physical, chemical, and signalling cues presented through biomaterials can instruct cells and enhance their regenerative capacity. Altogether, these studies and experiences provide a positive outlook on future opportunities towards innovative cell-based solutions for treating traumatic muscle injuries-a so far unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimoor H Qazi
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie J Ort
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Perka
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geissler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Winkler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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19
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Dunn A, Talovic M, Patel K, Patel A, Marcinczyk M, Garg K. Biomaterial and stem cell-based strategies for skeletal muscle regeneration. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1246-1262. [PMID: 30604468 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle can regenerate effectively after mild physical or chemical insult. Muscle trauma or disease can overwhelm this innate capacity for regeneration and result in heightened inflammation and fibrotic tissue deposition resulting in loss of structure and function. Recent studies have focused on biomaterial and stem cell-based therapies to promote skeletal muscle regeneration following injury and disease. Many stem cell populations besides satellite cells are implicated in muscle regeneration. These stem cells include but are not limited to mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, pericytes, fibroadipogenic progenitors, side population cells, and CD133+ stem cells. However, several challenges associated with their isolation, availability, delivery, survival, engraftment, and differentiation have been reported in recent studies. While acellular scaffolds offer a relatively safe and potentially off-the-shelf solution to cell-based therapies, they are often unable to stimulate host cell migration and activity to a level that would result in clinically meaningful regeneration of traumatized muscle. Combining stem cells and biomaterials may offer a viable therapeutic strategy that may overcome the limitations associated with these therapies when they are used in isolation. In this article, we review the stem cell populations that can stimulate muscle regeneration in vitro and in vivo. We also discuss the regenerative potential of combination therapies that utilize both stem cell and biomaterials for the treatment of skeletal muscle injury and disease. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1246-1262, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dunn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Muhamed Talovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Krishna Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Anjali Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Madison Marcinczyk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Koyal Garg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
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20
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Tang X, Daneshmandi L, Awale G, Nair LS, Laurencin CT. Skeletal Muscle Regenerative Engineering. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 5:233-251. [PMID: 33778155 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles have the intrinsic ability to regenerate after minor injury, but under certain circumstances such as severe trauma from accidents, chronic diseases or battlefield injuries the regeneration process is limited. Skeletal muscle regenerative engineering has emerged as a promising approach to address this clinical issue. The regenerative engineering approach involves the convergence of advanced materials science, stem cell science, physical forces, insights from developmental biology, and clinical translation. This article reviews recent studies showing the potential of the convergences of technologies involving biomaterials, stem cells and bioactive factors in concert with clinical translation, in promoting skeletal muscle regeneration. Several types of biomaterials such as electrospun nanofibers, hydrogels, patterned scaffolds, decellularized tissues, and conductive matrices are being investigated. Detailed discussions are given on how these biomaterials can interact with cells and modulate their behavior through physical, chemical and mechanical cues. In addition, the application of physical forces such as mechanical and electrical stimulation are reviewed as strategies that can further enhance muscle contractility and functionality. The review also discusses established animal models to evaluate regeneration in two clinically relevant muscle injuries; volumetric muscle loss (VML) and muscle atrophy upon rotator cuff injury. Regenerative engineering approaches using advanced biomaterials, cells, and physical forces, developmental cues along with insights from immunology, genetics and other aspects of clinical translation hold significant potential to develop promising strategies to support skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Tang
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Leila Daneshmandi
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Guleid Awale
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Lakshmi S Nair
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Cato T Laurencin
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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21
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Liu X, Zheng L, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Chen P, Xiao W. BMSC Transplantation Aggravates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Fibrosis and Impairs Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Front Physiol 2019; 10:87. [PMID: 30814953 PMCID: PMC6382023 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle contusion is one of the most common muscle injuries in sports medicine and traumatology. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has been proposed as a promising strategy to promote skeletal muscle regeneration. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of BMSCs in the regulation of skeletal muscle regeneration are still not completely clear. Here, we investigated the role of BMSC transplantation after muscle contusion. BMSCs were immediately transplanted into gastrocnemius muscles (GMs) following direct contusion. Comprehensive morphological and genetic analyses were performed after BMSC transplantation. BMSC transplantation exacerbated muscle fibrosis and inflammation, as evidenced by increased leukocyte and macrophage infiltration, increased inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and increased matrix metalloproteinases. BMSC transplantation also increased muscle oxidative stress. Overall, BMSC transplantation aggravated inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis and impaired skeletal muscle regeneration. These results, shed new light on the role of BMSCs in regenerative medicine and indicate that caution is needed in the application of BMSCs for muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifang Zheng
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongzhan Zhou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijie Chen
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Xiao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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22
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Güleçyüz MF, Macha K, Pietschmann MF, Ficklscherer A, Sievers B, Roßbach BP, Jansson V, Müller PE. Allogenic Myocytes and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Partially Improve Fatty Rotator Cuff Degeneration in a Rat Model. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2019; 14:847-859. [PMID: 29855989 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rotator cuff (RC) tears result not only in functional impairment but also in RC muscle atrophy, muscle fattening and eventually to muscle fibrosis. We hypothesized that allogenic bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and myocytes can be utilized to improve the rotator cuff muscle fattening and increase the atrophied muscle mass in a rat model. METHODS The right supraspinatus (SSP) tendons of 105 inbred rats were detached and muscle fattening was provoked over 4 weeks; the left side remained untouched (control group). The animals (n = 25) of the output group were euthanized after 4 weeks for reference purposes. The SSP-tendon of one group (n = 16) was left unoperated to heal spontaneously. The SSP-tendons of the remaining 64 rats (4 groups with n = 16) were repaired with transosseous sutures. One group received a saline solution injection in the SSP muscle belly, two other groups received 5 × 106 allogenic myocytes and 5 × 106 allogenic MSC injections from donor rats, respectively, and one group received no additional treatment. After 4 weeks of healing, the supraspinatus muscle mass was compared quantitatively and histologically to all the treated groups and to the untreated contralateral side. RESULTS In the end of the experiments at week 8, the myocyte and MCS treated groups showed a significantly higher muscle mass with 0.2322 g and 0.2257 g, respectively, in comparison to the output group (0.1911 g) at week 4 with p < 0.05. There was no statistical difference between the repaired, treated, or spontaneous healing groups at week 8. Supraspinatus muscle mass of all experimental groups of the right side was significantly lower compared to the untreated contralateral muscle mass. CONCLUSION This defect model shows that the injection of allogenic mycocytes and MSC in fatty infiltrated SSP muscles is better than no treatment and can partially improve the SSP muscle belly fattening. Nevertheless, a full restoration of the degenerated and fattened rotator cuff muscle to its original condition is not possible using myocytes and MSC in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet F Güleçyüz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical Center of the University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians-University), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Konstanze Macha
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Klinikum Landsberg am Lech, Bgm.-Dr.-Hartmann-Straße 50, 86899, Landsberg am Lech, Germany
| | - Matthias F Pietschmann
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical Center of the University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians-University), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Birte Sievers
- Numares AG, Am Biopark 9, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Björn P Roßbach
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Lohmühlenstr. 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Jansson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical Center of the University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians-University), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter E Müller
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical Center of the University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians-University), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
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23
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Vahabzadeh-Hagh AM, Goel AN, Frederick JW, Berke GS, Long JL. Transplanted human multipotent stromal cells reduce acute tongue fibrosis in rats. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2018; 3:450-456. [PMID: 30599029 PMCID: PMC6302725 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tongue fibrosis resulting from head and neck cancer, surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination thereof devastates one's quality of life. Therapeutic options are limited. Here we investigate human bone marrow-derived multipotent stromal cells (MSC) as a novel injectable treatment for post-injury tongue fibrosis. Methods MSCs were grown in culture. Eighteen athymic rats underwent unilateral partial glossectomy. After two weeks for scar formation, a single injection was performed in the tongue scar. Three treatment groups were studied: low and high concentration MSC, and control media injection. Tongues were harvested for evaluation at three weeks post-treatment. Results Dense fibrosis was achieved in control animals at five weeks. High concentration MSC reduced cross sectional scar burden (P = .007) and pathologic score for inflammation and fibrosis. Conclusion This study establishes the feasibility of a novel rodent tongue fibrosis model, and begins to assess the utility of human MSCs to reduce scar burden. Level of Evidence N/a.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander N Goel
- From the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine Los Angeles California U.S.A
| | - John W Frederick
- From the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine Los Angeles California U.S.A
| | - Gerald S Berke
- From the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine Los Angeles California U.S.A
| | - Jennifer L Long
- From the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine Los Angeles California U.S.A.,Research Service Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System Los Angeles California U.S.A
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24
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Winkler T, Perka C, von Roth P, Agres AN, Plage H, Preininger B, Pumberger M, Geissler S, Hagai EL, Ofir R, Pinzur L, Eyal E, Stoltenburg-Didinger G, Meisel C, Consentius C, Streitz M, Reinke P, Duda GN, Volk HD. Immunomodulatory placental-expanded, mesenchymal stromal cells improve muscle function following hip arthroplasty. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:880-897. [PMID: 30230266 PMCID: PMC6204595 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No regenerative approach has thus far been shown to be effective in skeletal muscle injuries, despite their high frequency and associated functional deficits. We sought to address surgical trauma-related muscle injuries using local intraoperative application of allogeneic placenta-derived, mesenchymal-like adherent cells (PLX-PAD), using hip arthroplasty as a standardized injury model, because of the high regenerative and immunomodulatory potency of this cell type. METHODS Our pilot phase I/IIa study was prospective, randomized, double blind, and placebo-controlled. Twenty patients undergoing hip arthroplasty via a direct lateral approach received an injection of 3.0 × 108 (300 M, n = 6) or 1.5 × 108 (150 M, n = 7) PLX-PAD or a placebo (n = 7) into the injured gluteus medius muscles. RESULTS We did not observe any relevant PLX-PAD-related adverse events at the 2-year follow-up. Improved gluteus medius strength was noted as early as Week 6 in the treatment-groups. Surprisingly, until Week 26, the low-dose group outperformed the high-dose group and reached significantly improved strength compared with placebo [150 M vs. placebo: P = 0.007 (baseline adjusted; 95% confidence interval 7.6, 43.9); preoperative baseline values mean ± SE: placebo: 24.4 ± 6.7 Nm, 150 M: 27.3 ± 5.6 Nm], mirrored by an increase in muscle volume [150 M vs. placebo: P = 0.004 (baseline adjusted; 95% confidence interval 6.0, 30.0); preoperative baseline values GM volume: placebo: 211.9 ± 15.3 cm3 , 150 M: 237.4 ± 27.2 cm3 ]. Histology indicated accelerated healing after cell therapy. Biomarker studies revealed that low-dose treatment reduced the surgery-related immunological stress reaction more than high-dose treatment (exemplarily: CD16+ NK cells: Day 1 P = 0.06 vs. placebo, P = 0.07 vs. 150 M; CD4+ T-cells: Day 1 P = 0.04 vs. placebo, P = 0.08 vs. 150 M). Signs of late-onset immune reactivity after high-dose treatment corresponded to reduced functional improvement. CONCLUSIONS Allogeneic PLX-PAD therapy improved strength and volume of injured skeletal muscle with a reasonable safety profile. Outcomes could be positively correlated with the modulation of early postoperative stress-related immunological reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Winkler
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery and Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Perka
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery and Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp von Roth
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery and Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alison N Agres
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery and Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henning Plage
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery and Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Preininger
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery and Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Pumberger
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery and Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geissler
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery and Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Christian Meisel
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Consentius
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Streitz
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Reinke
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery and Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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25
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Klein O, Strohschein K, Nebrich G, Fuchs M, Thiele H, Giavalisco P, Duda GN, Winkler T, Kobarg JH, Trede D, Geissler S. Unraveling local tissue changes within severely injured skeletal muscles in response to MSC-based intervention using MALDI Imaging mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12677. [PMID: 30140012 PMCID: PMC6107672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30990-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-clinical and clinical studies are now beginning to demonstrate the high potential of cell therapies in enhancing muscle regeneration. We previously demonstrated functional benefit after the transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC-TX) into a severe muscle crush trauma model. Despite our increasing understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying MSC's regenerative function, little is known about the local molecular alterations and their spatial distribution within the tissue after MSC-TX. Here, we used MALDI imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) in combination with multivariate statistical strategies to uncover previously unknown peptide alterations within severely injured skeletal muscles. Our analysis revealed that very early molecular alterations in response to MSC-TX occur largely in the region adjacent to the trauma and only to a small extent in the actual trauma region. Using "bottom up" mass spectrometry, we subsequently identified the proteins corresponding to the differentially expressed peptide intensity distributions in the specific muscle regions and used immunohistochemistry to validate our results. These findings extend our current understanding about the early molecular processes of muscle healing and highlights the critical role of trauma adjacent tissue during the early therapeutic response upon treatment with MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Klein
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Kristin Strohschein
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute & Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Grit Nebrich
- Julius Wolff Institute & Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fuchs
- Julius Wolff Institute & Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Herbert Thiele
- Fraunhofer - Inst. Medical Image Computing MEVIS, Maria-Goeppert-Straße 3, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Patrick Giavalisco
- Experimental Systems Biology Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute & Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Winkler
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute & Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Hendrik Kobarg
- SCiLS, Zweigniederlassung Bremen der Bruker Daltonik, Fahrenheitstr. 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Dennis Trede
- SCiLS, Zweigniederlassung Bremen der Bruker Daltonik, Fahrenheitstr. 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sven Geissler
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute & Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
Soft tissue trauma of skeletal muscle is one of the most common side effects in surgery. Muscle injuries are not only caused by accident-related injuries but can also be of an iatrogenic nature as they occur during surgical interventions when the anatomical region of interest is exposed. If the extent of trauma surpasses the intrinsic regenerative capacities, signs of fatty degeneration and formation of fibrotic scar tissue can occur, and, consequentially, muscle function deteriorates or is diminished. Despite research efforts to investigate the physiological healing cascade following trauma, our understanding of the early onset of healing and how it potentially determines success or failure is still only fragmentary. This review focuses on the initial physiological pathways following skeletal muscle trauma in comparison to bone and tendon trauma and what conclusions can be drawn from new scientific insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Strategies to support regeneration of muscle tissue after injury are scarce, even though muscle trauma has a high incidence. Based on tissue specific differences, possible clinical treatment options such as local immune-modulatory and cell therapeutic approaches are suggested that aim to support the endogenous regenerative potential of injured muscle tissues.
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Iyer SR, Xu S, Stains JP, Bennett CH, Lovering RM. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Musculoskeletal Biology. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2017; 23:373-385. [PMID: 27998240 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cells has garnered much attention in orthopedic medicine, focusing on the biological aspects of cell function. However, shortly after systemic delivery, or even a local injection, few of the transplanted stem cells or platelets remain at the target site. Improvement in delivery, and the ability to track and monitor injected cells, would greatly improve clinical translation. Nanoparticles can effectively and quickly label most cells in vitro, and evidence to date suggests such labeling does not compromise the proliferation or differentiation of cells. A specific type of nanoparticle, the superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION), is already employed as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. SPIONs can be coupled with cells or bioactive molecules (antibodies, proteins, drugs, etc.) to form an injectable complex for in vivo use. The biocompatibility, magnetic properties, small size, and custom-made surface coatings also enable SPIONs to be used for delivering and monitoring of small molecules, drugs, and cells, specifically to muscle, bone, or cartilage. Because SPIONs consist of cores made of iron oxides, targeting of SPIONs to a specific muscle, bone, or joint in the body can be enhanced with the help of applied gradient magnetic fields. Moreover, MRI has a high sensitivity to SPIONs and can be used for noninvasive determination of successful delivery and monitoring distribution in vivo. Gaps remain in understanding how the physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials affect biological systems. Nonetheless, SPIONs hold great promise for regenerative medicine, and progress is being made rapidly toward clinical applications in orthopedic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama R Iyer
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Su Xu
- 2 Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joseph P Stains
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Craig H Bennett
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Richard M Lovering
- 1 Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland.,3 Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
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O'Neill CL, Guduric-Fuchs J, Chambers SEJ, O'Doherty M, Bottazzi B, Stitt AW, Medina RJ. Endothelial cell-derived pentraxin 3 limits the vasoreparative therapeutic potential of circulating angiogenic cells. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 112:677-688. [PMID: 27659714 PMCID: PMC5157134 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) promote revascularization of ischaemic tissues although their underlying mechanism of action and the consequences of delivering varying number of these cells for therapy remain unknown. This study investigates molecular mechanisms underpinning CAC modulation of blood vessel formation. Methods and results CACs at low (2 × 105 cells/mL) and mid (2 × 106 cells/mL) cellular densities significantly enhanced endothelial cell tube formation in vitro, while high density (HD) CACs (2 × 107 cells/mL) significantly inhibited this angiogenic process. In vivo, Matrigel-based angiogenesis assays confirmed mid-density CACs as pro-angiogenic and HD CACs as anti-angiogenic. Secretome characterization of CAC-EC conditioned media identified pentraxin 3 (PTX3) as only present in the HD CAC-EC co-culture. Recombinant PTX3 inhibited endothelial tube formation in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, our data revealed that the anti-angiogenic effect observed in HD CAC-EC co-cultures was significantly abrogated when PTX3 bioactivity was blocked using neutralizing antibodies or PTX3 siRNA in endothelial cells. We show evidence for an endothelial source of PTX3, triggered by exposure to HD CACs. In addition, we confirmed that PTX3 inhibits fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2-mediated angiogenesis, and that the PTX3 N-terminus, containing the FGF-binding site, is responsible for such anti-angiogenic effects. Conclusion Endothelium, when exposed to HD CACs, releases PTX3 which markedly impairs the vascular regenerative response in an autocrine manner. Therefore, CAC density and accompanying release of angiocrine PTX3 are critical considerations when using these cells as a cell therapy for ischaemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L O'Neill
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Jasenka Guduric-Fuchs
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Sarah E J Chambers
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Michelle O'Doherty
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Centre, Rozzano 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Alan W Stitt
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Reinhold J Medina
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
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Helal MAM, Shaheen NEM, Abu Zahra FA. Immunomodulatory capacity of the local mesenchymal stem cells transplantation after severe skeletal muscle injury in female rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2016; 38:414-422. [PMID: 27560658 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2016.1222617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cell therapy technique with stem cells is a very attractive strategy for the treatment of muscle disorders. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of local transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which could contribute to skeletal muscle healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Female rats were divided into three equal groups as the following: group 1, the negative control group (untreated group), group 2, sham-treated group, rats with muscle injuries involving volumetric muscle loss (VML) of adductor brevis muscle and injected locally with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) 0.5 ml without stem cells after 7 d of muscle injury, group 3, treated group, rats with VML and injected locally (intramuscular) with 1.5 × 106 bone marrow MSCs suspended in PBS 0.5 ml (1) after 7 d of muscle tissue injury. All animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks of stem cell transplantation. RESULTS In vitro culture the morphology of MSCs reached confluence and appeared as long spindle in shape on 9-14 d. Most of the cells did not express the hematopoietic cell marker, CD34 and CD45 but expressed MSCs marker CD44, CD90 and CD105. The remarkable increase of proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive nucleus was recorded in MSCs group as compared to PBS group. After 28 d of injection, administration of only PBS into the site of muscle injury caused up-regulation in the levels of interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1), interferon alpha (IFN-α) and down-regulate the level of IL-10 in muscular tissue comparing to the untreated control. Bone marrow MSCs + PBS injected at the site of muscle injury significantly down-regulate the inflammatory cytokines levels IL-1β and IL-6 and TNF-α, TGF-β1 and IFN-α and up-regulate the level of IL-10. Collagen concentrations in the injured skeletal muscle estimated by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay and stained with Masson trichrome stain were increased with PBS group and decreased after transplantation of bone marrow MSCs in the site of injury. Muscle sections stained with H&E showed a higher number of centronucleated regenerating myofibers in the stem-cell-treated group than in the (PBS) and untreated control group. Microvasculature of skeletal muscle was decreased as demonstrated by immunostaining technique for CD34 in PBS group from untreated control. The MSCs group showed angiogenesis and marked increase of skeletal muscle microvasculature than PBS group. CONCLUSION MSCs can modify the local immunological responses and improve muscle regeneration by suppressing of inflammatory cytokines, activating of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, restoration of muscle fibers and angiogenesis. By means of increase in TGF-β production in response to muscle injury prevent the repair of injured fibers and increase connective tissue production (collagen fibers), thus propagating skeletal muscle weakness and fibrosis whereas MSCs + PBS injected at the site of muscle injury significantly down-regulate (TGF-β1) and hence the level of collagen (fibrosis or scar areas). MSCs are able to block the fibrotic signaling cascade by declining TGF-β1 and scar areas in the injured muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A M Helal
- a Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science & Education , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Noura E M Shaheen
- a Department of Zoology, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science & Education , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Fatma A Abu Zahra
- b Molecular Biology and Tissue Culture , Medical Research Center, Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
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Pumberger M, Qazi TH, Ehrentraut MC, Textor M, Kueper J, Stoltenburg-Didinger G, Winkler T, von Roth P, Reinke S, Borselli C, Perka C, Mooney DJ, Duda GN, Geißler S. Synthetic niche to modulate regenerative potential of MSCs and enhance skeletal muscle regeneration. Biomaterials 2016; 99:95-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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31
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Mautner K, Blazuk J. Where Do Injectable Stem Cell Treatments Apply in Treatment of Muscle, Tendon, and Ligament Injuries? PM R 2015; 7:S33-S40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Qazi TH, Mooney DJ, Pumberger M, Geissler S, Duda GN. Biomaterials based strategies for skeletal muscle tissue engineering: existing technologies and future trends. Biomaterials 2015; 53:502-21. [PMID: 25890747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles have a robust capacity to regenerate, but under compromised conditions, such as severe trauma, the loss of muscle functionality is inevitable. Research carried out in the field of skeletal muscle tissue engineering has elucidated multiple intrinsic mechanisms of skeletal muscle repair, and has thus sought to identify various types of cells and bioactive factors which play an important role during regeneration. In order to maximize the potential therapeutic effects of cells and growth factors, several biomaterial based strategies have been developed and successfully implemented in animal muscle injury models. A suitable biomaterial can be utilized as a template to guide tissue reorganization, as a matrix that provides optimum micro-environmental conditions to cells, as a delivery vehicle to carry bioactive factors which can be released in a controlled manner, and as local niches to orchestrate in situ tissue regeneration. A myriad of biomaterials, varying in geometrical structure, physical form, chemical properties, and biofunctionality have been investigated for skeletal muscle tissue engineering applications. In the current review, we present a detailed summary of studies where the use of biomaterials favorably influenced muscle repair. Biomaterials in the form of porous three-dimensional scaffolds, hydrogels, fibrous meshes, and patterned substrates with defined topographies, have each displayed unique benefits, and are discussed herein. Additionally, several biomaterial based approaches aimed specifically at stimulating vascularization, innervation, and inducing contractility in regenerating muscle tissues are also discussed. Finally, we outline promising future trends in the field of muscle regeneration involving a deeper understanding of the endogenous healing cascades and utilization of this knowledge for the development of multifunctional, hybrid, biomaterials which support and enable muscle regeneration under compromised conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimoor H Qazi
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany.
| | - David J Mooney
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA.
| | - Matthias Pumberger
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany; Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charitè - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sven Geissler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany.
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Ozturk S, Karagoz H. Experimental stem cell therapies on burn wound: do source, dose, timing and method matter? Burns 2015; 41:1133-9. [PMID: 25716759 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has been introduced as a new and promising modality of wound covering in recent decade. It has been used for improvement of burn wound, post burn scar and saving stasis zone of burn with good results. However, there have been some differences between the various experimental burn wound trials in stem cell source, therapeutic dose, delivery method and timing of stem cell delivery. In our study, we aimed to review stem cell biology and investigate discrepancies in animal trials of use of stem cells in burn wound account for the variation in, stem cell source, therapeutic dose, delivery method and timing of stem cell delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Ozturk
- Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Turkey.
| | - Huseyin Karagoz
- Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Turkey
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34
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Andrade BM, Baldanza MR, Ribeiro KC, Porto A, Peçanha R, Fortes FSA, Zapata-Sudo G, Campos-de-Carvalho AC, Goldenberg RCS, Werneck-de-Castro JP. Bone marrow mesenchymal cells improve muscle function in a skeletal muscle re-injury model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127561. [PMID: 26039243 PMCID: PMC4454438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle injury is the most common problem in orthopedic and sports medicine, and severe injury leads to fibrosis and muscle dysfunction. Conventional treatment for successive muscle injury is currently controversial, although new therapies, like cell therapy, seem to be promise. We developed a model of successive injuries in rat to evaluate the therapeutic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMMC) injected directly into the injured muscle. Functional and histological assays were performed 14 and 28 days after the injury protocol by isometric tension recording and picrosirius/Hematoxilin & Eosin staining, respectively. We also evaluated the presence and the fate of BMMC on treated muscles; and muscle fiber regeneration. BMMC treatment increased maximal skeletal muscle contraction 14 and 28 days after muscle injury compared to non-treated group (4.5 ± 1.7 vs 2.5 ± 0.98 N/cm2, p<0.05 and 8.4 ± 2.3 vs. 5.7 ± 1.3 N/cm2, p<0.05 respectively). Furthermore, BMMC treatment increased muscle fiber cross-sectional area and the presence of mature muscle fiber 28 days after muscle injury. However, there was no difference in collagen deposition between groups. Immunoassays for cytoskeleton markers of skeletal and smooth muscle cells revealed an apparent integration of the BMMC within the muscle. These data suggest that BMMC transplantation accelerates and improves muscle function recovery in our extensive muscle re-injury model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno M. Andrade
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marcelo R. Baldanza
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Karla C. Ribeiro
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Anderson Porto
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ramon Peçanha
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Fabio S. A. Fortes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Gisele Zapata-Sudo
- Departamento de Farmacologia Básica e Clínica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Bloco J, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Antonio C. Campos-de-Carvalho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Regina C. S. Goldenberg
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - João Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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35
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Kim SH, Chung SW, Oh JH. Expression of insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor and myosin heavy chain in rabbit's rotator cuff muscle after injection of adipose-derived stem cell. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2014; 22:2867-73. [PMID: 23736255 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-013-2560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was performed to evaluate the effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) in a subacute rotator cuff tear model of a rabbit by way of comparing the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) in the ADMSC injected muscle and control. METHODS Supraspinatus tears were created in both shoulders of 11 rabbits, and rotator cuff repair was performed after 3 weeks. At the time of repair, each side of the shoulders was randomly selected, and the injection of the ADMSCs at the muscle belly near musculotendinous junction (injection side) and saline to the contralateral side (control side) was performed. After 3 weeks, we randomly assigned 5 rabbits to the immunohistochemistric analysis and 6 to Western blot analysis. RESULTS Expression of both IGF-1R (95 kD) and MyHC (200 kD) at the injection side was significantly elevated compared to control side (both p = 0.028). Immunohistochemistry showed that staining areas of both IGF-1R and MyHC were overlapped with staining of ADMSCs. CONCLUSION The injection of ADMSCs resulted in high expression of IGF-1R and MyHC in subacute rotator cuff tear and repaired model in rabbit compared to control side. Therefore, the injected ADMSCs may assist in regeneration of the rotator cuff muscle by way of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signalling pathway. This result may suggest another solution to facilitate the recovery of rotator cuff muscle and to improve the result of rotator cuff repair by ADMSC injection via IGF-1 pathway, which is one of the potent anabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Hoon Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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36
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Klein O, Strohschein K, Nebrich G, Oetjen J, Trede D, Thiele H, Alexandrov T, Giavalisco P, Duda GN, von Roth P, Geissler S, Klose J, Winkler T. MALDI imaging mass spectrometry: discrimination of pathophysiological regions in traumatized skeletal muscle by characteristic peptide signatures. Proteomics 2014; 14:2249-60. [PMID: 25056804 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to formation of fibrosis and the loss of contractile muscle tissue, severe muscle injuries often result in insufficient healing marked by a significant reduction of muscle force and motor activity. Our previous studies demonstrated that the local transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells into an injured skeletal muscle of the rat improves the functional outcome of the healing process. Since, due to the lack of sufficient markers, the accurate discrimination of pathophysiological regions in injured skeletal muscle is inadequate, underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation on primary trauma and trauma adjacent muscle area remain elusive. For discrimination of these pathophysiological regions, formalin-fixed injured skeletal muscle tissue was analyzed by MALDI imaging MS. By using two computational evaluation strategies, a supervised approach (ClinProTools) and unsupervised segmentation (SCiLS Lab), characteristic m/z species could be assigned to primary trauma and trauma adjacent muscle regions. Using "bottom-up" MS for protein identification and validation of results by immunohistochemistry, we could identify two proteins, skeletal muscle alpha actin and carbonic anhydrase III, which discriminate between the secondary damage on adjacent tissue and the primary traumatized muscle area. Our results underscore the high potential of MALDI imaging MS to describe the spatial characteristics of pathophysiological changes in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Klein
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Core Unit Proteomics, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Davies BM, Morrey ME, Mouthuy PA, Baboldashti NZ, Hakimi O, Snelling S, Price A, Carr A. Repairing damaged tendon and muscle: are mesenchymal stem cells and scaffolds the answer? Regen Med 2014; 8:613-30. [PMID: 23998754 DOI: 10.2217/rme.13.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become an area of intense interest in the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions, such as muscle and tendon injury, as various animal and human trials have demonstrated that implantation with MSCs leads to improved healing and function. However, these trials have usually been relatively small scale and lacking in adequate controls. Additionally, the optimum source of these cells has yet to be determined, partly due to a lack of understanding as to how MSCs produce their beneficial effects when implanted. Scaffolds have been shown to improve tissue-engineering repairs but require further work to optimize their interactions with both native tissue and implanted MSCs. Robust, well-controlled trials are therefore required to determine the usefulness of MSCs in musculoskeletal tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Davies
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford OX3 7HE, UK.
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Enhancement of muscle repair using human mesenchymal stem cells with a magnetic targeting system in a subchronic muscle injury model. J Orthop Sci 2014; 19:478-88. [PMID: 24562652 DOI: 10.1007/s00776-014-0548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A magnetic cell targeting system was previously developed to promote the accumulation of transplanted cells in sites of injury in order to effectively treat injured tissues. However, the optimum time of exposure to the magnetic field and the strength of the magnetic force have not yet been clarified. In this study, we investigated the optimum conditions of the magnetic force required to retain iron-labeled human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) at the site of transplantation for muscle repair in a subchronic skeletal muscle injury nude rat model. METHODS First, the optimum strength and time of exposure to the magnetic force for cell retention at the transplantation site were investigated 2 days after cell transplantation (1 × 10(5) cells). Second, the degree of enhancement of muscle repair was investigated at 3 weeks after cell transplantation in the group treated without a magnetic force and two typical magnetic condition groups that exhibited different levels of cell integration in first part of the study. RESULTS On the basis of the results of the first investigation, it was concluded that a magnetic strength of 1.5 T and 10 min of exposure to the magnetic force were efficient conditions to induce the retention of transplanted cells at the site of transplantation. In the second study, the groups exposed to a 1.5-T magnetic field for 10 min demonstrated significant enhancement of muscle repair, both histologically and electromechanically. CONCLUSIONS This study identified the optimal conditions required to retain transplanted hMSCs at the site of transplantation using a magnetic targeting system. This study also showed that the restoration of subchronic muscle injuries can be enhanced by magnetically labeled hMSCs following the application of a magnetic force.
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Im W, Ban JJ, Lim J, Lee M, Chung JY, Bhattacharya R, Kim SH. Adipose-derived stem cells extract has a proliferative effect on myogenic progenitors. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014; 50:740-6. [PMID: 24719183 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9752-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Finding an effective method to regenerate muscle is a growing issue in the orthopedic field. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has recently been considered for therapeutic use due to its capacity to induce proliferation of myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs). Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and its extract are regarded as a promising treatment for various disorders within the orthopedic field but their therapeutic relevance in the muscle regeneration is poorly investigated. In this study, rabbit MPCs were cultured from the supraspinatus of rabbit and characterized by myogenic markers. To investigate the paracrine effect of ASCs on MPCs, coculture experiments were performed. In order to see the anabolic effect of ASC-extracts (ASC-ex) in MPCs, cell proliferation assays were performed and compared with the PRP-added condition. Coculture experiment showed ASCs had an anabolic paracrine effect on proliferation of MPCs. PRP had a positive effect on proliferation of MPCs when compared to the control (100 ± 7.4% vs 195.2 ± 19.2%, p < 0.001); however, ASC-ex promoted greater proliferation than the PRP condition (467.3 ± 38.7%, p < 0.001 compared with PRP). Similarly, in C2C12 cells, PRP showed an increased rate when compared to the control (100 ± 5.9% vs 205.1 ± 45.4%, p < 0.001), and treatment of ASC-ex showed dramatic increase in proliferation (335.9 ± 37.8%, p < 0.001 compared with PRP). ASC-ex had positive effect on expanding MPCs of rabbit and myoblast cell line, and its capacity to induce proliferation was notably stronger than that of PRP. In conclusion, the study suggests that rabbit ASC-ex have stronger proliferative effect on MPCs than rabbit PRP. Thus, ASC-ex could be a therapeutic candidate for muscle regeneration by activation of endogenous MPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wooseok Im
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Sassoli C, Nosi D, Tani A, Chellini F, Mazzanti B, Quercioli F, Zecchi-Orlandini S, Formigli L. Defining the role of mesenchymal stromal cells on the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases in skeletal muscle cells. Exp Cell Res 2014; 323:297-313. [PMID: 24631289 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation improves healing of injured and diseased skeletal muscle, although the mechanisms of benefit are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated whether MSCs and/or their trophic factors were able to regulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and activity in different cells of the muscle tissue. MSCs in co-culture with C2C12 cells or their conditioned medium (MSC-CM) up-regulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and function in the myoblastic cells; these effects were concomitant with the down-regulation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 and -2 and with increased cell motility. In the single muscle fiber experiments, MSC-CM administration increased MMP-2/9 expression in Pax-7(+) satellite cells and stimulated their mobilization, differentiation and fusion. The anti-fibrotic properties of MSC-CM involved also the regulation of MMPs by skeletal fibroblasts and the inhibition of their differentiation into myofibroblasts. The treatment with SB-3CT, a potent MMP inhibitor, prevented in these cells, the decrease of α-smooth actin and type-I collagen expression induced by MSC-CM, suggesting that MSC-CM could attenuate the fibrogenic response through mechanisms mediated by MMPs. Our results indicate that growth factors and cytokines released by these cells may modulate the fibrotic response and improve the endogenous mechanisms of muscle repair/regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Sassoli
- Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniele Nosi
- Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Tani
- Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Flaminia Chellini
- Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mazzanti
- Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Haematology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Franco Quercioli
- CNR-National Institute of Optics (INO), Largo Enrico Fermi 6, 50125 Arcetri-Florence, Italy
| | - Sandra Zecchi-Orlandini
- Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Formigli
- Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Medicine-Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3, 50134, Florence, Italy.
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Aicher WK, Hart ML, Stallkamp J, Klünder M, Ederer M, Sawodny O, Vaegler M, Amend B, Sievert KD, Stenzl A. Towards a Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence: Application of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Regeneration of the Sphincter Muscle. J Clin Med 2014; 3:197-215. [PMID: 26237258 PMCID: PMC4449674 DOI: 10.3390/jcm3010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence is a significant social, medical, and economic problem. It is caused, at least in part, by degeneration of the sphincter muscle controlling the tightness of the urinary bladder. This muscular degeneration is characterized by a loss of muscle cells and a surplus of a fibrous connective tissue. In Western countries approximately 15% of all females and 10% of males are affected. The incidence is significantly higher among senior citizens, and more than 25% of the elderly suffer from incontinence. When other therapies, such as physical exercise, pharmacological intervention, or electrophysiological stimulation of the sphincter fail to improve the patient’s conditions, a cell-based therapy may improve the function of the sphincter muscle. Here, we briefly summarize current knowledge on stem cells suitable for therapy of urinary incontinence: mesenchymal stromal cells, urine-derived stem cells, and muscle-derived satellite cells. In addition, we report on ways to improve techniques for surgical navigation, injection of cells in the sphincter muscle, sensors for evaluation of post-treatment therapeutic outcome, and perspectives derived from recent pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelm K Aicher
- KFO273, Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Melanie L Hart
- KFO273, Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Jan Stallkamp
- FRAUNHOFER Institute, Klinikum Mannhein, Mannheim 68167, Germany.
| | - Mario Klünder
- Department for Systems Dynamics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
| | - Michael Ederer
- Department for Systems Dynamics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
| | - Oliver Sawodny
- Department for Systems Dynamics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70569, Germany.
| | - Martin Vaegler
- KFO273, Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Bastian Amend
- KFO273, Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Karl D Sievert
- KFO273, Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- KFO273, Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.
- Department of Urology, University of Tuebingen Hospital, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.
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Sicari BM, Dearth CL, Badylak SF. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Approaches to Enhance the Functional Response to Skeletal Muscle Injury. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 297:51-64. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Sicari
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher L. Dearth
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen F. Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
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von Roth P, Winkler T, Rechenbach K, Radojewski P, Perka C, Duda GN. Improvement of contraction force in injured skeletal muscle after autologous mesenchymal stroma cell transplantation is accompanied by slow to fast fiber type shift. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 40:425-30. [PMID: 24474893 DOI: 10.1159/000354127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle trauma leads to severe functional deficits, which cannot be addressed by current treatment options. Previous investigation could show the efficacy of a local transplantation (TX) of mesenchymal stroma cells (MSCs) for the therapy of muscle injury. Underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The aim of the present work was to characterize the fiber composition changes following MSC-TX after open crush injury. METHODS 20 male SD rats received an open crush trauma of the left soleus muscle. 2.5 × 10(6) autologous MSCs were transplanted into the crushed soleus muscle of 10 animals 7 days after trauma (group 1, n = 10). Control animals received an injection of saline solution (group 2, n = 10). Histologic analysis of fibrosis, fiber type composition, and muscle force measurements were performed 28 days after trauma. RESULTS MSC-TX improved muscle force significantly (fast-twitch, treated: 0.76 (0.51-1.15), untreated: 0.45 (0.32-0.73); p = 0.01). Tetanic stimulation resulted in a significant increase of force development (treated: 0.63 (0.4-1.21), untreated: 0.34 (0.16-0.48); p = 0.04). Histological analyses showed no differences in the amount of fibrotic tissue (treated vs. untreated, p = 0.42). A shift towards fastMHC-positive fibers was observed following MSC-TX (treated vs. untreated; p = 0.01 (mm(2)) or 0.007 (%)). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated an effect of locally administered MSCs in the treatment of skeletal muscle injuries on a structural level. For the first time a fiber type shift towards fastMHC following MSC-TX after crush injury could be demonstrated and related to MSC-TX. These results might open the discussion of an alternative mode of action of MSCs in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp von Roth
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Winkler
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristina Rechenbach
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
| | - Piotr Radojewski
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Perka
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
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Intramuscular transplantation and survival of freshly isolated bone marrow cells following skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2013; 75:S142-9. [PMID: 23883899 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0b013e31829ac1fa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Delayed treatment cellular therapies offer an attractive means to treat extremity injuries involving acute skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R). Bone marrow is a rich source of stem and progenitor cells with the potential to improve skeletal muscle regeneration. The extent to which bone marrow cells (BMCs) may be useful for I/R is not known. The purposes of this study were twofold: (1) to evaluate BMC survival following intramuscular injection 0, 2, 7, and 14 days after injury and (2) to determine whether BMCs improve functional recovery following I/R. METHODS Magnetic-activated cell sorting was used to isolate lineage-negative (Lin⁻) BMCs and enrich for stem and progenitor cells. To evaluate in vivo cell survival following I/R, Lin⁻ BMCs were injected intramuscularly 0, 2, 7, and 14 days after I/R, and bioluminescent imaging was performed for up to 28 days after cell injections. To assess their ability to improve muscle regeneration, intramuscular injections were performed 2 days after injury, and in vivo muscle function was assessed 14 days later. RESULTS Lin⁻ BMCs survived throughout the study period regardless of the timing of delivery. Intramuscular injection of Lin⁻ BMCs did not improve maximal isometric torque (300 Hz); however, both saline-injected and Lin⁻ BMC-injected muscles exhibited an increase in the twitch-tetanus ratio, suggesting that damage incurred with the intramuscular injections may have had deleterious consequences for functional recovery. CONCLUSION Although BMCs injected intramuscularly survived cell transplantation, they failed to improve muscle function following I/R. The ability of BMCs to persist in injured muscle following I/R lends to the possibility that with further development, their full potential can be realized.
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Kanemaru SI, Kitani Y, Ohno S, Shigemoto T, Kojima T, Ishikawa S, Mizuta M, Hirano S, Nakamura T, Dezawa M. Functional regeneration of laryngeal muscle using bone marrow-derived stromal cells. Laryngoscope 2013; 123:2728-34. [PMID: 23929597 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To investigate the functional efficiency of skeletal muscles regenerated by transplantation of bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BSCs) or induced-muscle progenitor cells (IMCs) as assessed in the canine posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle injury model. STUDY DESIGN Prospective animal experiment with control. METHODS We performed BSC/IMC transplantation into injured canine PCA muscles. We investigated the capability of auto- and allo-BSC/IMC transplantation using a gelatin sponge scaffold to promote functional regeneration of PCA muscles. Transplantation was assessed by fiberscopic analysis of vocal fold movement. We also examined the histologic changes of the transplanted regions. As a control, a gelatin sponge scaffold without additional cells was transplanted into the injured area. RESULTS Auto-BSC/IMC transplantation effectively restored vocal fold movement, whereas scaffold alone or allo-BSC/IMC transplantation did not. Histologic examination revealed that (in cases of good recovery) muscle regeneration occurred in the area of cell transplantation, and scar formation without muscle regeneration was observed under control conditions. The dogs with autologous transplantation of BSC had faster functional recovery than did dogs treated with autologous transplantation of IMC. CONCLUSIONS Functional efficiency was shown in skeletal muscles regenerated using BSCs and IMPs. Motor function recovery was observed using autologous transplantation of BSCs and IMCs. Minimal functional recovery was observed using allogeneic transplantation of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichi Kanemaru
- the Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Kitano Hospital, Osaka
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Ninagawa NT, Isobe E, Hirayama Y, Murakami R, Komatsu K, Nagai M, Kobayashi M, Kawabata Y, Torihashi S. Transplantated mesenchymal stem cells derived from embryonic stem cells promote muscle regeneration and accelerate functional recovery of injured skeletal muscle. Biores Open Access 2013; 2:295-306. [PMID: 23914336 PMCID: PMC3731682 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2013.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously established that mesenchymal stem cells originating from mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells (E-MSCs) showed markedly higher potential for differentiation into skeletal muscles in vitro than common mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Further, the E-MSCs exhibited a low risk for teratoma formation. Here we evaluate the potential of E-MSCs for differentiation into skeletal muscles in vivo and reveal the regeneration and functional recovery of injured muscle by transplantation. E-MSCs were transplanted into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle 24 h following direct clamping. After transplantation, the myogenic differentiation of E-MSCs, TA muscle regeneration, and re-innervation were morphologically analyzed. In addition, footprints and gaits of each leg under spontaneous walking were measured by CatWalk XT, and motor functions of injured TA muscles were precisely analyzed. Results indicate that >60% of transplanted E-MSCs differentiated into skeletal muscles. The cross-sectional area of the injured TA muscles of E-MSC–transplanted animals increased earlier than that of control animals. E-MSCs also promotes re-innervation of the peripheral nerves of injured muscles. Concerning function of the TA muscles, we reveal that transplantation of E-MSCs promotes the recovery of muscles. This is the first report to demonstrate by analysis of spontaneous walking that transplanted cells can accelerate the functional recovery of injured muscles. Taken together, the results show that E-MSCs have a high potential for differentiation into skeletal muscles in vivo as well as in vitro. The transplantation of E-MSCs facilitated the functional recovery of injured muscles. Therefore, E-MSCs are an efficient cell source in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Takenaka Ninagawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University , Nagoya, Japan
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Nakamura K, Yoshimura A, Kaneko T, Sato K, Hara Y. ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 maintains the proliferation of confluent human mesenchymal stem cells. J Periodontal Res 2013; 49:363-70. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Nakamura
- Department of Periodontology; Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki Japan
| | - A. Yoshimura
- Department of Periodontology; Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki Japan
| | - T. Kaneko
- Department of Periodontology; Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki Japan
| | - K. Sato
- Department of Periodontology; Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki Japan
| | - Y. Hara
- Department of Periodontology; Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Nagasaki University; Nagasaki Japan
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Nakabayashi A, Kamei N, Sunagawa T, Suzuki O, Ohkawa S, Kodama A, Kamei G, Ochi M. In vivo bioluminescence imaging of magnetically targeted bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in skeletal muscle injury model. J Orthop Res 2013. [PMID: 23192745 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to clarify the kinetics of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in rat skeletal muscle injury model and the contribution of the magnetic cell delivery system to muscle injury repair. A magnetic field generator was used to apply an external magnetic force to the injury site of the tibia anterior muscle, and 1 × 10(6) MSCs labeled with ferucarbotran-protamine complexes, which were isolated from luciferase transgenic rats, were injected into the injury site. MSCs were injected with and without an external magnetic force (MSC M+ and MSC M- groups, respectively), and phosphate-buffered saline was injected into injury sites as a control. In vivo bioluminescence imaging was performed immediately after the transplantation and, at 12, 24, and 72 h, and 1 and 4 weeks post-transplantation. Also, muscle regeneration and function were histologically and electromechanically evaluated. In vivo bioluminescence imaging showed that the photon of the MSC M+ group was significantly higher than that of the MSC M- group throughout the observation period. In addition, muscle regeneration and function in the MSC M+ group was histologically and functionally better than that of the MSC M- group. The results of our study indicated that magnetic cell delivery system may be of use in directing the transplanted MSCs to the injury site to promote skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Nakabayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minaki-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
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Yang S, Piao J, Jin L, Zhou Y. Does pretreatment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with 5-azacytidine or double intravenous infusion improve their therapeutic potential for dilated cardiomyopathy? Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2013; 19:20-31. [PMID: 23314418 PMCID: PMC3638670 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.883737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate whether pretreatment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with 5-azacytidine (5-aza) or double intravenous infusion could enhance their therapeutic potential for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). MATERIAL/METHODS BMSCs were cultured for 2 weeks in the presence or absence of 5-aza and DCM serum. The cultured BMSCs (Groups 1 and 2), 5-aza-induced BMSCs (Groups 3 and 4), and medium alone (model control) were transplanted into 80 female Wistar rats by intravenous tail vein injection. Double infusion of BMSCs with 1-day time-interval was carried out in Groups 2 and 4. Postmortem histological analysis and evaluation of heart function were performed at 4 weeks post-transplantation. RESULTS Some transplanted BMSCs engrafted into myocardial tissue and were positive for cardiac marker troponin T. The hearts containing transplanted BMSCs secreted a larger amount of vascular endothelial growth factor. Cardiac function parameters and serum level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) did not differ among Groups 1, 3, and the model control. As compared with model control, BMSC transplantation in Groups 2 and 4 significantly decreased the serum level of BNP and improved cardiac contractile function, as evidenced by reduced left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameter, elevated ejection fraction, and fractional shortening. CONCLUSIONS BMSC transplantation is a promising strategy for the treatment of DCM. Pretreatment of BMSCs with 5-aza and DCM serum does not enhance their therapeutic efficacy, and the double intravenous BMSC infusion method is superior to single infusion for preserving cardiac contractile function in a rat model of DCM.
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von Roth P, Duda GN, Radojewski P, Preininger B, Strohschein K, Röhner E, Perka C, Winkler T. Intra-Arterial MSC Transplantation Restores Functional Capacity After Skeletal Muscle Trauma. Open Orthop J 2012; 6:352-6. [PMID: 22927895 PMCID: PMC3426785 DOI: 10.2174/1874325001206010352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Skeletal muscle trauma leads to severe functional deficits, which cannot be addressed by current treatment options. Our group could show the efficacy of local transplantation of mesenchymal stroma cells (MSCs) for the treatment of injured muscles. While local application of MSCs has proven to be effective, we hypothesized that a selective intra-arterial transplantation would lead to a better distribution of the cells and so improved physiological recovery of muscle function. Materials and Methodology: 18 female Sprague Dawley rats received an open crush trauma of the left soleus muscle. Autologous MSC were transduced using dsCOP-GFP and 2.5 x 106cells were transplanted into the femoral artery of 9 animals one week after trauma. Control animals (n=9) received a saline injection. Cell tracking, analysis of tissue fibrosis and muscle force measurements were performed after 3 weeks. Results: Systemic MSC-therapy improved the muscle force significantly compared to control (fast twitch: 82.4%, tetany: 61.6%, p = 0.02). The histological analysis showed no differences in the quantity of fibrotic tissue. Histological examination revealed no cells in the traumatized muscle tissue 21 days after transplantation. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated an effect of systemically administered MSCs in the treatment of skeletal muscle injuries. For possible future therapeutic approaches a systemic application of MSCs seems to present an alternative to a local administration. Such systemic treatment would be preferable since it allows functional improvement and possible cellular concentration at injury sites that are not easily accessible
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp von Roth
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery and Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free and Humboldt-University of Berlin, Germany
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