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Jablonská E, Mrázková L, Kubásek J, Vojtěch D, Paulin I, Ruml T, Lipov J. Characterization of hFOB 1.19 Cell Line for Studying Zn-Based Degradable Metallic Biomaterials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:915. [PMID: 38399166 PMCID: PMC10890055 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In vitro testing is the first important step in the development of new biomaterials. The human fetal osteoblast cell line hFOB 1.19 is a very promising cell model; however, there are vast discrepancies in cultivation protocols, especially in the cultivation temperature and the presence of the selection reagent, geneticin (G418). We intended to use hFOB 1.19 for the testing of Zn-based degradable metallic materials. However, the sensitivity of hFOB 1.19 to zinc ions has not yet been studied. Therefore, we compared the toxicity of zinc towards hFOB 1.19 under different conditions and compared it with that of the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line. We also tested the cytotoxicity of three types of Zn-based biomaterials in two types of media. The presence of G418 used as a selection reagent decreased the sensitivity of hFOB 1.19 to Zn2+. hFOB 1.19 cell line was more sensitive to Zn2+ at elevated (restrictive) temperatures. hFOB 1.19 cell line was less sensitive to Zn2+ than L929 cell line (both as ZnCl2 and extracts of alloys). Therefore, the appropriate cultivation conditions of hFOB 1.19 during biomaterial testing should be chosen with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jablonská
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (T.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Lucie Mrázková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (T.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiří Kubásek
- Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (D.V.)
| | - Dalibor Vojtěch
- Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (D.V.)
| | - Irena Paulin
- Institute of Metals and Technology, Ljubljana, Lepi pot 11, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Tomáš Ruml
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (T.R.); (J.L.)
| | - Jan Lipov
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (L.M.); (T.R.); (J.L.)
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Assessment of Collagen-Based Nanostructured Biomimetic Systems with a Co-Culture of Human Bone-Derived Cells. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010026. [PMID: 35011588 PMCID: PMC8744918 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a worldwide disease resulting in the increase of bone fragility and enhanced fracture risk in adults. In the context of osteoporotic fractures, bone tissue engineering (BTE), i.e., the use of bone substitutes combining biomaterials, cells, and other factors, is considered a potential alternative to conventional treatments. Innovative scaffolds need to be tested in in vitro systems where the simultaneous presence of osteoblasts (OBs) and osteoclasts (OCs), the two main players of bone remodeling, is required to mimic their crosstalk and molecular cooperation. To this aim, two composite materials were developed, based on type I collagen, and containing either strontium-enriched mesoporous bioactive glasses or rod-like hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. The developed nanostructured systems underwent genipin chemical crosslinking and were then tested with an indirect co-culture of human trabecular bone-derived OBs and buffy coat-derived OC precursors, for 2–3 weeks. The favorable structural and biological properties of the materials proved to successfully support the viability, adhesion, and differentiation of cells, encouraging a further investigation of the developed bioactive systems as biomaterial inks for the 3D printing of more complex scaffolds for BTE.
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Thampi P, Dubey R, Lowney R, Adam EN, Janse S, Wood CL, MacLeod JN. Effect of Skeletal Paracrine Signals on the Proliferation of Interzone Cells. Cartilage 2021; 13:82S-94S. [PMID: 31023058 PMCID: PMC8804777 DOI: 10.1177/1947603519841680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Articular cartilage in mammals has limited intrinsic capacity to repair structural defects, a fact that contributes to the chronic and progressive nature of osteoarthritis. In contrast, Mexican axolotl salamanders have demonstrated the remarkable ability to spontaneously and completely repair large joint cartilage lesions, a healing process that involves interzone cells in the intraarticular space. Furthermore, interzone tissue transplanted into skeletal defects in the axolotl salamander demonstrates a multi-differentiation potential. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of this repair process remain unclear. The objective of this study was to examine whether paracrine mitogenic signals are an important variable in the interaction between interzone cells and the skeletal microenvironment. DESIGN The paracrine regulation of the proliferation of equine interzone cells was evaluated in an in vitro co-culture system. Cell viability and proliferation were measured in equine fetal interzone cells after exposure to conditioned medium from skeletal and nonskeletal primary cell lines. Steady-state expression was determined for genes encoding 37 putative mitogens secreted by cells that generated the conditioned medium. RESULTS All experimental groups of conditioned media elicited a mitogenic response in interzone cells. Fetal anlage chondrocytes (P < 0.0001) and dermal fibroblasts (P < 0.0001) conditioned medium showed a significantly higher mitogenic potential compared with interzone cells. Conditioned medium from bone marrow-derived cells elicited a significantly higher proliferative response relative to that from young adult articular chondrocytes (P < 0.0001) or dermal fibroblasts (P < 0.0001). Sixteen genes had expression patterns consistent with the functional proliferation assays. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate a mitogenic effect of skeletal paracrine signals on interzone cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvathy Thampi
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center,
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Rashmi Dubey
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center,
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Rachael Lowney
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center,
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Emma N. Adam
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center,
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Sarah Janse
- Department of Statistics, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Constance L. Wood
- Department of Statistics, University of
Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - James N. MacLeod
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center,
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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4
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In Vivo Efficacy of Neutrophil-Mediated Bone Regeneration Using a Rabbit Calvarial Defect Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313016. [PMID: 34884821 PMCID: PMC8657540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of bone due to surgical removal or disease-related bony defects is a clinical challenge. It is known that the immune system exerts positive immunomodulatory effects on tissue repair and regeneration. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo efficacy of autologous neutrophils on bone regeneration using a rabbit calvarial defect model. Methods: Twelve rabbits, each with two surgically created calvarial bone defects (10 mm diameter), were randomly divided into two groups; (i) single application of neutrophils (SA-NP) vs. SA-NP control, and (ii) repetitive application of neutrophils (RA-NP) vs. RA-NP control. The animals were euthanized at 4 and 8 weeks post-operatively and the treatment outcomes were evaluated by micro-computed tomography, histology, and histomorphometric analyses. Results: The micro-CT analysis showed a significantly higher bone volume fraction (bone volume/total volume) in the neutrophil-treated groups, i.e., median interquartile range (IQR) SA-NP (18) and RA-NP (24), compared with the untreated controls, i.e., SA-NP (7) and RA-NP (14) at 4 weeks (p < 0.05). Similarly, new bone area fraction (bone area/total area) was significantly higher in neutrophil-treated groups at 4 weeks (p < 0.05). Both SA-NP and RA-NP had a considerably higher bone volume and bone area at 8 weeks, although the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis at 8 weeks revealed a higher expression of osteocalcin in both SA-NP and RA-NP groups. Conclusions: The present study provides first hand evidence that autologous neutrophils may have a positive effect on promoting new bone formation. Future studies should be performed with a larger sample size in non-human primate models. If proven feasible, this new promising strategy could bring clinical benefits for bone defects to the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery.
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5
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Jablonská E, Horkavcová D, Rohanová D, Brauer DS. A review of in vitro cell culture testing methods for bioactive glasses and other biomaterials for hard tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:10941-10953. [PMID: 33169773 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01493a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses are used to regenerate bone by a mechanism which involves surface degradation, the release of ions such as calcium, soluble silica and phosphate and the precipitation of a biomimetic apatite surface layer on the glass. One major area of bioactive glass research is the incorporation of therapeutically active ions to broaden the application range of these materials. When developing such new compositions, in vitro cell culture studies are a key part of their characterisation. However, parameters of cell culture studies vary widely, and depending on the intended use of bioactive glass compositions, different layouts, cell types and assays need to be used. The aim of this publication is to provide materials scientists, particularly those new to cell culture studies, with a tool for selecting the most appropriate assays to give insight into the properties of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jablonská
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Diana Horkavcová
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Glasses, Department of Glass and Ceramics, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Rohanová
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Glasses, Department of Glass and Ceramics, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Delia S Brauer
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Fraunhoferstr. 6, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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6
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Li D, Guo B, Liang Q, Liu Y, Zhang L, Hu N, Zhang X, Yang F, Ruan C. Tissue-engineered parathyroid gland and its regulatory secretion of parathyroid hormone. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1363-1377. [PMID: 32511868 DOI: 10.1002/term.3080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid glands (PTGs) are important endocrine organs being mainly responsible for the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) to regulate the balance of calcium (Ca) /phosphorus (P) ions in the body. Once PTGs get injured or removed, their resulting defect or loss of PTH secretion should disturb the level of Ca/P in blood, thus damaging other related organs (bone, kidney, etc.) and even causing death. Recently, tissue-engineered PTGs (TE-PTGs) have attracted lots of attention as a potential treatment for the related diseases of PTGs caused by hypoparathyroidism and hyperparathyroidism, including tetany, muscle cramp, nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, and osteoporosis. Although great progress has been made in the establishment of TE-PTGs with an effective strategy to integrate the key factors of cells and biomaterials, its regulatory secretion of PTH to mimic its natural rhythms in the body remains a huge challenge. This review comprehensively describes an overview of PTGs from physiology and pathology to cytobiology and tissue engineering. The state of the arts in TE-PTGs and the feasible strategies to regulate PTH secretion behaviors are highlighted to provide an important foundation for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Li
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Baochun Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Renal Diseases, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Qingfei Liang
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Renal Diseases, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Xinzhou Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Shenzhen Renal Diseases, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.,The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Changshun Ruan
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Robust phenotypic maintenance of limb cells during heterogeneous culture in a physiologically relevant polymeric-based constructed graft system. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11739. [PMID: 32678185 PMCID: PMC7367281 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68658-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge during the simultaneous regeneration of multiple tissues is the ability to maintain the phenotypic characteristics of distinct cell populations on one construct, especially in the presence of different exogenous soluble cues such as growth factors. Therefore, in this study, we questioned whether phenotypic maintenance over a distinct population of cells can be achieved by providing biomimetic structural cues relevant to each cell phenotype into the construct's design and controlling the presentation of growth factors in a region-specific manner. To address this question, we developed a polymeric-based constructed graft system (CGS) as a physiologically relevant model that consists of three combined regions with distinct microstructures and growth factor types. Regions A and B of the CGS exhibited similar microstructures to the skin and soft tissues and contained rhPDGF-BB and rhIGF-I, while region C exhibited a similar microstructure to the bone tissue and contained rhBMP-2. Primary rat skin fibroblasts, soft tissue fibroblasts, and osteoblasts were then cultured on regions A, B, and C of the CGS, respectively and their phenotypic characteristics were evaluated in this heterogenous environment. In the absence of growth factors, we found that the structural cues presented in every region played a key role in maintaining the region-specific cell functions and heterogeneity during a heterogeneous culture. In the presence of growth factors, we found that spatially localizing the growth factors at their respective regions resulted in enhanced region-specific cell functions and maintained region-specific cell heterogeneity compared to supplementation, which resulted in a significant reduction of cell growth and loss of phenotype. Our data suggest that providing biomimetic structural cues relevant to each cell phenotype and controlling the presentation of growth factors play a crucial role in ensuring heterogeneity maintenance of distinct cell populations during a heterogeneous culture. The presented CGS herein provides a reliable platform for investigating different cells responses to heterogeneous culture in a physiologically relevant microenvironment. In addition, the model provides a unique platform for evaluating the feasibility and efficacy of different approaches for simultaneously delivering multiple growth factors or molecules from a single construct to achieve enhanced cell response while maintaining cellular heterogeneity during a heterogenous culture.
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8
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The Role of miR-21 in Osteoblasts-Osteoclasts Coupling In Vitro. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020479. [PMID: 32093031 PMCID: PMC7072787 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-21 is being gradually more and more recognized as a molecule regulating bone tissue homeostasis. However, its function is not fully understood due to the dual role of miR-21 on bone-forming and bone-resorbing cells. In this study, we investigated the impact of miR-21 inhibition on pre-osteoblastic cells differentiation and paracrine signaling towards pre-osteoclasts using indirect co-culture model of mouse pre-osteoblast (MC3T3) and pre-osteoclast (4B12) cell lines. The inhibition of miR-21 in MC3T3 cells (MC3T3inh21) modulated expression of genes encoding osteogenic markers including collagen type I (Coll-1), osteocalcin (Ocl), osteopontin (Opn), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2). Inhibition of miR-21 in osteogenic cultures of MC3T3 also inflected the synthesis of OPN protein which is essential for proper mineralization of extracellular matrix (ECM) and anchoring osteoclasts to the bones. Furthermore, it was shown that in osteoblasts miR-21 regulates expression of factors that are vital for survival of pre-osteoclast, such as receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). The pre-osteoclast cultured with MC3T3inh21 cells was characterized by lowered expression of several markers associated with osteoclasts' differentiation, foremost tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (Trap) but also receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (Rank), cathepsin K (Ctsk), carbonic anhydrase II (CaII), and matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp-9). Collectively, our data indicate that the inhibition of miR-21 in MC3T3 cells impairs the differentiation and ECM mineralization as well as influences paracrine signaling leading to decreased viability of pre-osteoclasts.
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Baudequin T, Tabrizian M. Multilineage Constructs for Scaffold-Based Tissue Engineering: A Review of Tissue-Specific Challenges. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29193897 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the regeneration of tissue in interfacial regions, where biological, physical, and chemical attributes vary across tissue type. The simultaneous use of distinct cell lineages can help in developing in vitro structures, analogous to native composite tissues. This literature review gathers the recent reports that have investigated multiple cell types of various sources and lineages in a coculture system for tissue-engineered constructs. Such studies aim at mimicking the native organization of tissues and their interfaces, and/or to improve the development of complex tissue substitutes. This paper thus distinguishes itself from those focusing on technical aspects of coculturing for a single specific tissue. The first part of this review is dedicated to variables of cocultured tissue engineering such as scaffold, cells, and in vitro culture environment. Next, tissue-specific coculture methods and approaches are covered for the most studied tissues. Finally, cross-analysis is performed to highlight emerging trends in coculture principles and to discuss how tissue-specific challenges can inspire new approaches for regeneration of different interfaces to improve the outcomes of various tissue engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Baudequin
- Faculty of Medicine; Biomat'X Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; 740 ave. Dr. Penfield, Room 4300 Montréal QC H3A 0G1 Québec Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Faculty of Medicine; Biomat'X Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; 740 ave. Dr. Penfield, Room 4300 Montréal QC H3A 0G1 Québec Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; 3775 rue University, Room 313/308B Montréal QC H3A 2B4 Québec Canada
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10
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Tendon Tissue Engineering: Mechanism and Effects of Human Tenocyte Coculture With Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. J Hand Surg Am 2018; 43:183.e1-183.e9. [PMID: 28888566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are a potential candidate for cell-based therapy targeting tendon injury; however, their therapeutic benefit relies on their ability to interact with native tenocytes. This study examines the mechanism and effects of coculturing human tenocytes and ASCs. METHODS Tenocytes (T) were directly cocultured with either ASCs (A) or fibroblasts (F) (negative control) in the following ratios: 50% T/50% A or F; 25% T/75% A or F; and 75% T/25% A or F. Cells were indirectly cocultured using a transwell insert that allowed for exchange of soluble factors only. Proliferation and collagen I production were measured and compared with monoculture controls. Synergy was quantified using the interaction index (II), which normalizes measured values by the expected values assuming no interaction (no synergy when II = 1). The ability of ASCs to elicit tenocyte migration was examined in vitro using a transwell migration assay and ex vivo using decellularized human flexor tendon explants. RESULTS Compared with monoculture controls, II of proliferation was greater than 1 for all tenocyte and ASC direct coculture ratios, but not for tenocyte and fibroblast direct coculture ratios or for tenocyte and ASC indirect coculture. The ASCs elicited greater tenocyte migration in vitro and ex vivo. The II of collagen I production was greater than 1 for direct coculture groups with 25% T/75% A and 75% T/25% A. CONCLUSIONS Direct coculture of ASCs and tenocytes demonstrated synergistic proliferation and collagen I production, and ASCs elicited tenocyte migration in vitro and ex vivo. These interactions play a key role in tendon healing and were absent when ASCs were replaced with fibroblasts, supporting the use of ASCs for cell-based therapy targeting tendon injuries. CLINICAL RELEVANCE When ASCs are delivered for cell-based therapy, they directly interact with native tenocytes to increase cell proliferation, collagen I production, and tenocyte migration, which may enhance tendon healing.
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Bicho D, Pina S, Oliveira JM, Reis RL. In Vitro Mimetic Models for the Bone-Cartilage Interface Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1059:373-394. [PMID: 29736583 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-76735-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In embryonic development, pure cartilage structures are in the basis of bone-cartilage interfaces. Despite this fact, the mature bone and cartilage structures can vary greatly in composition and function. Nevertheless, they collaborate in the osteochondral region to create a smooth transition zone that supports the movements and forces resulting from the daily activities. In this sense, all the hierarchical organization is involved in the maintenance and reestablishment of the equilibrium in case of damage. Therefore, this interface has attracted a great deal of interest in order to understand the mechanisms of regeneration or disease progression in osteoarthritis. With that purpose, in vitro tissue models (either static or dynamic) have been studied. Static in vitro tissue models include monocultures, co-cultures, 3D cultures, and ex vivo cultures, mostly cultivated in flat surfaces, while dynamic models involve the use of bioreactors and microfluidic systems. The latter have emerged as alternatives to study the cellular interactions in a more authentic manner over some disadvantages of the static models. The current alternatives of in vitro mimetic models for bone-cartilage interface regeneration are overviewed and discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Bicho
- 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Sandra Pina
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - J Miguel Oliveira
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
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12
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Herath TDK, Larbi A, Teoh SH, Kirkpatrick CJ, Goh BT. Neutrophil-mediated enhancement of angiogenesis and osteogenesis in a novel triple cell co-culture model with endothelial cells and osteoblasts. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e1221-e1236. [PMID: 28715156 DOI: 10.1002/term.2521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Repair and regeneration of critical-sized bone defects remain a major challenge in orthopaedic and craniomaxillofacial surgery. Until now, attempts to bioengineer bone tissue have been hindered by the inability to establish proper angiogenesis and osteogenesis in the tissue construct. In the present study, we established a novel triple cell co-culture model consisting of osteoblasts, endothelial cells, and neutrophils and conducted a systematic investigation of the effects of neutrophils on angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Neutrophils significantly increased angiogenesis in the tissue construct, evidenced by the formation of microvessel-like structures with an extensive lattice-like, stable tubular network in the co-culture model. Moreover, neutrophils significantly induced the expression of pro-angiogenic markers, such as VEGF-A, CD34, EGF, and FGF-2 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Subsequently, PCR arrays corroborated that neutrophils upregulate the important angiogenic markers and MMPs. Moreover, neutrophils also enhanced osteogenic markers, such as ALP, OCN, OPN, and COL-1 compared with the controls. As shown by the osteogenic gene arrays, neutrophils significantly regulated major osteogenic markers such as BMP2, BMP3, BMP4, BMP5, TGF-β2, RUNX2, and ECM proteins. Significantly higher mineralization was observed in triple cell co-culture compared with controls. Foregoing data indicate that the triple cell co-culture model can be used to stimulate the growth of microvasculature within a bone bioengineering construct to improve cell viability. Neutrophil-mediated enhancement of angiogenesis and osteogenesis could be a viable, clinically relevant tissue engineering strategy to obtain optimal bone growth in defect sites, in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Swee Hin Teoh
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - C James Kirkpatrick
- REPAIR-Lab, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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13
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Wu J, Wu Z, Xue Z, Li H, Liu J. PHBV/bioglass composite scaffolds with co-cultures of endothelial cells and bone marrow stromal cells improve vascularization and osteogenesis for bone tissue engineering. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02767b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PHBV + 10% BG composite scaffolds stimulated osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic differentiation of co-cultures of HBMSCs and HUVECs by enhancing paracrine effects between the two types of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Department of Orthopedics
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
- Changzhou
- China
- Department of Orthopedics
| | - Zhi Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200030
- China
| | - Zhenqiang Xue
- Department of Orthopedics
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
- Changzhou
- China
- Department of Orthopedics
| | - Haiyan Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200030
- China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Orthopedics
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
- Changzhou
- China
- Department of Orthopedics
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Concise Review: In Vitro Formation of Bone-Like Nodules Sheds Light on the Application of Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1587-1593. [PMID: 27458265 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
: Harnessing the differentiation of stem cells into bone-forming cells represents an intriguing avenue for the creation of functional skeletal tissues. Therefore, a profound understanding of bone development and morphogenesis sheds light on the regenerative application of stem cells in orthopedics and dentistry. In this concise review, we summarize the studies deciphering the mechanisms that govern osteoblast differentiation in the context of in vitro formation of bone-like nodules, including morphologic and molecular events as well as cellular contributions to mineral nucleation, occurring during osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. This article also highlights the limitations of current translational applications of stem cells and opportunities to use the bone-like nodule model for bone regenerative therapies. SIGNIFICANCE Harnessing the differentiation of stem cells into bone-forming cells represents an intriguing avenue for the creation of functional skeletal tissues. Therefore, a profound understanding of bone development and morphogenesis sheds light on the regenerative application of stem cells in orthopedics and dentistry. In this concise review, studies deciphering the mechanisms that govern osteoblast commitment and differentiation are summarized. This article highlights the limitations of current translational applications of stem cells and the opportunities to use the bone-like nodule model for bone regenerative therapies.
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Rozila I, Azari P, Munirah S, Wan Safwani WKZ, Gan SN, Nur Azurah AG, Jahendran J, Pingguan-Murphy B, Chua KH. Differential osteogenic potential of human adipose-derived stem cells co-cultured with human osteoblasts on polymeric microfiber scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:377-87. [PMID: 26414782 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The osteogenic potential of human adipose-derived stem cells (HADSCs) co-cultured with human osteoblasts (HOBs) using selected HADSCs/HOBs ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2, respectively, is evaluated. The HADSCs/HOBs were seeded on electrospun three-dimensional poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] (PHB) blended with bovine-derived hydroxyapatite (BHA). Monocultures of HADSCs and HOBs were used as control groups. The effects of PHB-BHA scaffold on cell proliferation and cell morphology were assessed by AlamarBlue assay and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Cell differentiation, cell mineralization, and osteogenic-related gene expression of co-culture HADSCs/HOBs were examined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, alizarin Red S assay, and quantitative real time PCR, respectively. The results showed that co-culture of HADSCs/HOBs, 1:1 grown into PHB-BHA promoted better cell adhesion, displayed a significant higher cell proliferation, higher production of ALP, extracellular mineralization and osteogenic-related gene expression of run-related transcription factor, bone sialoprotein, osteopontin, and osteocalcin compared to other co-culture groups. This result also suggests that the use of electrospun PHB-BHA in a co-culture HADSCs/HOBs system may serve as promising approach to facilitate osteogenic differentiation activity of HADSCs through direct cell-to-cell contact with HOBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Rozila
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pedram Azari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sha'ban Munirah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | | | - Seng Neon Gan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Ghani Nur Azurah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Belinda Pingguan-Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien Hui Chua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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16
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Fu WL, Xiang Z, Huang FG, Gu ZP, Yu XX, Cen SQ, Zhong G, Duan X, Liu M. Coculture of Peripheral Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Endothelial Progenitor Cells on Strontium-Doped Calcium Polyphosphate Scaffolds to Generate Vascularized Engineered Bone. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:948-59. [PMID: 25298026 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Li Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Guo Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Peng Gu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Xun Yu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Qiang Cen
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xin Duan
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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Proliferation of ASC-derived endothelial cells in a 3D electrospun mesh: impact of bone-biomimetic nanocomposite and co-culture with ASC-derived osteoblasts. Injury 2014; 45:974-80. [PMID: 24650943 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2014.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fractures with a critical size bone defect are associated with high rates of delayed- and non-union. The treatment of such complications remains a serious issue in orthopaedic surgery. Adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) combined with biomimetic materials can potentially be used to increase fracture healing. Nevertheless, a number of requirements have to be fulfilled; in particular, the insufficient vascularisation of the bone constructs. Here, the objectives were to study the impact of ASC-derived osteoblasts on ASC-derived endothelial cells in a 3D co-culture and the effect of 40wt% of amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles on the proliferation and differentiation of ASC-derived endothelial cells when present in PLGA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five primary ASC lines were differentiated towards osteoblasts (OBs) and endothelial cells (ECs) and two of them were chosen based on quantitative PCR results. Either a mono-culture of ASC-derived EC or a co-culture of ASC-derived EC with ASC-derived OB (1:1) was seeded on an electrospun nanocomposite of poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA/a-CaP; reference: PLGA). The proliferation behaviour was determined histomorphometrically in different zones and the expression of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) was quantified. RESULTS Independently of the fat source (biologic variability), ASC-derived osteoblasts decelerated the proliferation behaviour of ASC-derived endothelial cells in the co-culture compared to the mono-culture. However, expression of vWF was clearly stronger in the co-culture, indicating further differentiation of the ASC-derived EC into the EC lineage. Moreover, the presence of a-CaP nanoparticles in the scaffold slowed the proliferation behaviour of the co-culture cells, too, going along with a further differentiation of the ASC-derived OB, when compared to pure PLGA scaffolds. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed significant findings for bone tissue-engineering. Co-cultures of ASC-derived EC and ASC-derived OB stimulate each other's further differentiation. A nanocomposite with a-CaP nanoparticles offers higher mechanical stability, bioactivity and osteoconductivity compared to mere PLGA and can easily be seeded with pre-differentiated EC and OB.
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