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Byun KA, Kim HM, Oh S, Batsukh S, Lee S, Oh M, Lee J, Lee R, Kim JW, Oh SM, Kim J, Kim G, Park HJ, Hong H, Lee J, An SH, Oh SS, Jung YS, Son KH, Byun K. High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Increases Facial Adipogenesis in a Swine Model via Modulation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Cilia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7648. [PMID: 39062891 PMCID: PMC11277104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Decreased medial cheek fat volume during aging leads to loss of a youthful facial shape. Increasing facial volume by methods such as adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) injection can produce facial rejuvenation. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) can increase adipogenesis in subcutaneous fat by modulating cilia on ASCs, which is accompanied by increased HSP70 and decreased NF-κB expression. Thus, we evaluated the effect of HIFU on increasing facial adipogenesis in swine (n = 2) via modulation of ASC cilia. Expression of CD166, an ASC marker, differed by subcutaneous adipose tissue location. CD166 expression in the zygomatic arch (ZA) was significantly higher than that in the subcutaneous adipose tissue in the mandible or lateral temporal areas. HIFU was applied only on the right side of the face, which was compared with the left side, where HIFU was not applied, as a control. HIFU produced a significant increase in HSP70 expression, decreased expression of NF-κB and a cilia disassembly factor (AURKA), and increased expression of a cilia increasing factor (ARL13B) and PPARG and CEBPA, which are the main regulators of adipogenesis. All of these changes were most prominent at the ZA. Facial adipose tissue thickness was also increased by HIFU. Adipose tissue volume, evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging, was increased by HIFU, most prominently in the ZA. In conclusion, HIFU increased ASC marker expression, accompanied by increased HSP70 and decreased NF-κB expression. Additionally, changes in cilia disassembly and length and expression of adipogenesis were observed. These results suggest that HIFU could be used to increase facial volume by modulating adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Byun
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- LIBON Inc., Incheon 22006, Republic of Korea
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Moon Kim
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Maylin Clinic, Goyang 10391, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyeon Oh
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Sosorburam Batsukh
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsu Lee
- Mirabel Clinic, Seoul 04596, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungjune Oh
- GangnamON Clinic, Seoul 06129, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ran Lee
- Ezen Clinic, Cheonan 31090, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Kim
- Lienjang Clinic, Seoul 04536, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Oh
- GangnamON Clinic, Seoul 06129, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisun Kim
- MH Clinic, Seoul 06010, Republic of Korea
| | - Geebum Kim
- Misogain Dermatology Clinic, Gimpo 10108, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Park
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Maylin Clinic the Cheongdam, Seoul 06091, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbit Hong
- Lux Well Clinic, Cheongju 28424, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehyuk Lee
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Doctorbom Clinic, Seoul 06614, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun An
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI Hub), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Suk Oh
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI Hub), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Seop Jung
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI Hub), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuk Hui Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Byun
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health & Sciences and Technology (GAIHST), Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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Qin J, Cheng C, Huang RL, He J, Zhou S, Tan PC, Zhang T, Fang B, Li Q, Xie Y. Isolation of the Stromal Vascular Fraction Using a New Protocol with All Clinical-Grade Drugs: From Basic Study to Clinical Application. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024:10.1007/s00266-024-04221-9. [PMID: 38987318 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-024-04221-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the yield, viability, clinical safety, and efficacy of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) separated with a new protocol with all clinical-grade drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS SVF cells were isolated from lipoaspirate obtained from 13 participants aged from 30 to 56 years by using a new clinical protocol and the laboratory protocol. The cell yield, viability, morphology, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) surface marker expression, and differentiation abilities of the SVF cells harvested from the two protocols were compared. Furthermore, three related clinical trials were conducted to verify the safety and efficiency of SVF cells isolated by the new clinical protocol. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the yield, viability, morphology, and differentiation potential of the SVFs isolated with the clinical protocol and laboratory protocol. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC) surface marker expression, including that of CD14, CD31, CD44, CD90, CD105, and CD133, was consistent between the two protocols. Clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of the SVF isolated with the new clinical protocol in improving skin grafting, promoting mechanical stretch-induced skin regeneration and improving facial skin texture. No complications occurred. CONCLUSION SVF isolated by the new clinical protocol had a noninferior yield and viability to that of the SVF separated by the laboratory protocol. SVFs obtained by the new protocol can be safely and effectively applied to improve skin grafting, promote mechanical stretch-induced skin regeneration, and improve facial skin texture. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trials were registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03189628), the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000039317), and the ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02546882). All the three trials were not patient-funded trials. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Qin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ru-Lin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jizhou He
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Shuangbai Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Poh-Ching Tan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Bin Fang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Papadopoulos KS, Piperi C, Korkolopoulou P. Clinical Applications of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell (ADSC) Exosomes in Tissue Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5916. [PMID: 38892103 PMCID: PMC11172884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells with a great potential for self-renewal and differentiation. Exosomes derived from ADSCs (ADSC-exos) can imitate their functions, carrying cargoes of bioactive molecules that may affect specific cellular targets and signaling processes. Recent evidence has shown that ADSC-exos can mediate tissue regeneration through the regulation of the inflammatory response, enhancement of cell proliferation, and induction of angiogenesis. At the same time, they may promote wound healing as well as the remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In combination with scaffolds, they present the future of cell-free therapies and promising adjuncts to reconstructive surgery with diverse tissue-specific functions and minimal adverse effects. In this review, we address the main characteristics and functional properties of ADSC-exos in tissue regeneration and explore their most recent clinical application in wound healing, musculoskeletal regeneration, dermatology, and plastic surgery as well as in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos S. Papadopoulos
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, 11525 Athens, Greece;
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Penelope Korkolopoulou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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4
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Shi Y, Yang X, Min J, Kong W, Hu X, Zhang J, Chen L. Advancements in culture technology of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells: implications for diabetes and its complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1343255. [PMID: 38681772 PMCID: PMC11045945 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1343255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies exhibit considerable promise in the treatment of diabetes and its complications. Extensive research has been dedicated to elucidate the characteristics and potential applications of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs). Three-dimensional (3D) culture, characterized by rapid advancements, holds promise for efficacious treatment of diabetes and its complications. Notably, 3D cultured ASCs manifest enhanced cellular properties and functions compared to traditional monolayer-culture. In this review, the factors influencing the biological functions of ASCs during culture are summarized. Additionally, the effects of 3D cultured techniques on cellular properties compared to two-dimensional culture is described. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of 3D cultured ASCs in diabetes and its complications are discussed to provide insights for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinze Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueyang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan, China
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5
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Quintero Sierra LA, Biswas R, Busato A, Conti A, Ossanna R, Conti G, Zingaretti N, Caputo M, Cuppari C, Parodi PC, Sbarbati A, Riccio M, De Francesco F. In Vitro Study of a Novel Vibrio alginolyticus-Based Collagenase for Future Medical Application. Cells 2023; 12:2025. [PMID: 37626834 PMCID: PMC10453626 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells extracted from adipose tissue are particularly promising given the ease of harvest by standard liposuction and reduced donor site morbidity. This study proposes a novel enzymatic method for isolating stem cells using Vibrio alginolyticus collagenase, obtaining a high-quality product in a reduced time. Initially, the enzyme concentration and incubation time were studied by comparing cellular yield, proliferation, and clonogenic capacities. The optimized protocol was phenotypically characterized, and its ability to differentiate in the mesodermal lineages was evaluated. Subsequently, that protocol was compared with two Clostridium histolyticum-based collagenases, and other tests for cellular integrity were performed to evaluate the enzyme's effect on expanded cells. The best results showed that using a concentration of 3.6 mg/mL Vibrio alginolyticus collagenase allows extracting stem cells from adipose tissue after 20 min of enzymatic reaction like those obtained with Clostridium histolyticum-based collagenases after 45 min. Moreover, the extracted cells with Vibrio alginolyticus collagenase presented the phenotypic characteristics of stem cells that remain after culture conditions. Finally, it was seen that Vibrio alginolyticus collagenase does not reduce the vitality of expanded cells as Clostridium histolyticum-based collagenase does. These findings suggest that Vibrio alginolyticus collagenase has great potential in regenerative medicine, given its degradation selectivity by protecting vital structures for tissue restructuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Alejandra Quintero Sierra
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.A.Q.S.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (A.C.); (R.O.); (G.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Reetuparna Biswas
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.A.Q.S.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (A.C.); (R.O.); (G.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Alice Busato
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.A.Q.S.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (A.C.); (R.O.); (G.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Anita Conti
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.A.Q.S.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (A.C.); (R.O.); (G.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Riccardo Ossanna
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.A.Q.S.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (A.C.); (R.O.); (G.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Giamaica Conti
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.A.Q.S.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (A.C.); (R.O.); (G.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Nicola Zingaretti
- Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Academic Hospital of Udine, Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (N.Z.); (P.C.P.)
| | - Michele Caputo
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., R&D Local Unit Fidia Research Sud, Contrada Pizzuta, 96017 Noto, Italy (C.C.)
| | - Christian Cuppari
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., R&D Local Unit Fidia Research Sud, Contrada Pizzuta, 96017 Noto, Italy (C.C.)
| | - Pier Camillo Parodi
- Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Academic Hospital of Udine, Department of Medical Area (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (N.Z.); (P.C.P.)
- Research and Training Center in Regenerative Surgery, Accademia del Lipofilling, 61025 Montelabbate (PU), Italy
| | - Andrea Sbarbati
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.A.Q.S.); (R.B.); (A.B.); (A.C.); (R.O.); (G.C.); (A.S.)
- Research and Training Center in Regenerative Surgery, Accademia del Lipofilling, 61025 Montelabbate (PU), Italy
| | - Michele Riccio
- Research and Training Center in Regenerative Surgery, Accademia del Lipofilling, 61025 Montelabbate (PU), Italy
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, AOU “Ospedali Riuniti”, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco De Francesco
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, AOU “Ospedali Riuniti”, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Ebrahimpour-Malekshah R, Amini A, Mostafavinia A, Ahmadi H, Zare F, Safaju S, Shahbazi A, Chien S, Rezaei F, Hasan A, Bayat M. The stereological, immunohistological, and gene expression studies in an infected ischemic wound in diabetic rats treated by human adipose-derived stem cells and photobiomodulation. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:1717-1734. [PMID: 36808225 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the impacts of photobiomodulation (PBM) and human allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells (ha-ADS) together and or alone applications on the stereological parameters, immunohistochemical characterizing of M1 and M2 macrophages, and mRNA levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) on inflammation (day 4) and proliferation phases (day 8) of repairing tissues in an infected delayed healing and ischemic wound model (IDHIWM) in type 1 diabetic (DM1) rats. DM1 was created in 48 rats and an IDHIWM was made in all of them, and they were distributed into 4 groups. Group1 = control rats with no treatment. Group2 = rats received (10 × 100000 ha-ADS). Group3 = rats exposed to PBM (890 nm, 80 Hz, 3.46 J/cm2). Group4 = rats received both PBM and ha-ADS. On day 8, there were significantly higher neutrophils in the control group than in other groups (p < 0.01). There were substantially higher macrophages in the PBM + ha-ADS group than in other groups on days 4 and 8 (p < 0.001). Granulation tissue volume, on both days 4 and 8, was meaningfully greater in all treatment groups than in the control group (all, p = 0.000). Results of M1 and M2 macrophage counts of repairing tissue in the entire treatment groups were considered preferable to those in the control group (p < 0.05). Regarding stereological and macrophage phenotyping, the results of the PBM + ha-ADS group were better than the ha-ADS and PBM groups. Results of the tested gene expression of repairing tissue on inflammation and proliferation steps in PBM and PBM + ha-ADS groups were meaningfully better than the control and ha-ADS groups (p < 0.05). We showed that PBM, ha-ADS, and PBM plus ha-ADS, hastened the proliferation step of healing in an IDHIWM in rats with DM1 by regulation of the inflammatory reaction, macrophage phenotyping, and augmented granulation tissue formation. In addition PBM and PBM plus ha-ADS protocols hastened and increased mRNA levels of HIF-1α, bFGF, SDF-1α, and VEGF-A. Totally, in terms of stereological and immuno-histological tests, and also gene expression HIF-1α and VEGF-A, the results of PBM + ha-ADS were superior (additive) to PBM, and ha-ADS alone treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdollah Amini
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atarodalsadat Mostafavinia
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Houssein Ahmadi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zare
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sobhan Safaju
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Shahbazi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sufan Chien
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville, Noveratech LLC of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Fatemehalsadat Rezaei
- College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville, Noveratech LLC of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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7
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Jeyaraman M, Muthu S, Jain R, Satish AS, Garg N, Mishra PC, Swati K, Parkash A, Jha NK, Ojha S, Roychoudhury S, Kumar D, Ruokolainen J, Kamal MA, Kesari KK, Jha SK. Total Stromal Fraction (TSF) - Fortified Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem
Cells Source: An Emerging Regenerative Realm Against COVID-19 Induced
Pulmonary Compromise. CORONAVIRUSES 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/2666796702666210908151708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
:
The inception of the COVID-19 pandemic has jeopardized humanity with markedly dampening
of worldwide resources. The viral infection may present with varying signs and symptoms,
imitating pneumonia and seasonal flu. With a gradual course, this may progress and result in the
deadliest state of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute lung injury (ALI). Moreover,
following recovery from the severe brunt of COVID-19 infection, interstitial portions of alveoli
have been found to undergo residual scarring and further to have compromised air exchange.
Such alterations in the lung microenvironment and associated systemic manifestations have been
recognized to occur due to the extensive release of cytokines. The mortality rate increases with advancing
age and in individuals with underlying co-morbidity. Presently, there is no availability of
specific antiviral therapy or any other definitive modality to counter this progressive worsening.
However, we believe principles and advancing cell-based therapy may prove fruitful in subjugating
such reported worsening in these patients. This article reviews eminent knowledge and relevant advancements
about the amelioration of lung damage due to COVID-19 infection using adipose tissue-
derived - total stromal fraction (TSF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar
Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida,
Uttar Pradesh, India
- International Association of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (IASRM), New Delhi, India
- Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida,
Uttar Pradesh, India
- International Association of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (IASRM), New Delhi, India
- Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government
Dindigul Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rashmi Jain
- School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda
University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Shringeri Satish
- International Association of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (IASRM), New Delhi, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College,
Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Neha Garg
- International Association of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (IASRM), New Delhi, India
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- International Association of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (IASRM), New Delhi, India
| | - Kumari Swati
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
| | - Anand Parkash
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida,
Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab, Emirates
University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research
Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- West China School of Nursing / Institutes for Systems Genetics,
Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University,
Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW
2770, Australia
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
- Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW
2770, Australia
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida,
Uttar Pradesh, India
- International Association of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (IASRM), New Delhi, India
- Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW
2770, Australia
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8
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Zocchi ML, Facchin F, Pagani A, Bonino C, Sbarbati A, Conti G, Vindigni V, Bassetto F. New perspectives in regenerative medicine and surgery: the bioactive composite therapies (BACTs). EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2021; 45:1-25. [PMID: 34728900 PMCID: PMC8554210 DOI: 10.1007/s00238-021-01874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine and surgery is a rapidly expanding branch of translational research in tissue engineering, cellular and molecular biology. To date, the methods to improve cell intake, survival, and isolation need to comply with a complex and still unclear regulatory frame, becoming everyday more restrictive and often limiting the effectiveness and outcome of the therapeutic choices. Thus, the authors developed a novel 360° regenerative strategy based on the synergic action of several new components called the bioactive composite therapies (BACTs) to improve grafted cells intake, and survival in total compliance with the legal and ethical limits of the current regulatory frame. The rationale at the origin of this new technology is based on the evidence that cells need supportive substrate to survive in vitro and this observation, applying the concept of translational medicine, is true also in vivo. Bioactive composite mixtures (BACMs) are tailor-made bioactive mixtures containing several bioactive components that support cells' survival and induce a regenerative response in vivo by stimulating the recipient site to act as an in situ real bioreactor. Many different tissues have been used in the past for the isolation of cells, molecules, and growth factors, but the adipose tissue and its stromal vascular fraction (SVF) remains the most valuable, abundant, safe, and reliable source of regenerative components and particularly of adipose-derived stems cells (ADSCs). The role of plastic surgeons as the historical experts in all the most advanced techniques for harvesting, manipulating, and grafting adipose tissue is fundamental in this constant process of expansion of regenerative procedures. In this article, we analyze the main causes of cell death and the strategies for preventing it, and we present all the technical steps for preparing the main components of BACMs and the different mixing modalities to obtain the most efficient regenerative action on different clinical and pathological conditions. The second section of this work is dedicated to the logical and sequential evolution from simple bioactive composite grafts (BACGs) that distinguished our initial approach to regenerative medicine, to BACTs where many other fundamental technical steps are analyzed and integrated for supporting and enhancing the most efficient regenerative activity. Level of Evidence: Not gradable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele L Zocchi
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Remix Institute for Regenerative Surgery, Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Facchin
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Pagani
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Bonino
- Department of Rheumatology and Immune Diseases, Humanitas Gradenigo Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Sbarbati
- Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giamaica Conti
- Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Vindigni
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Franco Bassetto
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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9
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Deptuła M, Brzezicka A, Skoniecka A, Zieliński J, Pikuła M. Adipose-derived stromal cells for nonhealing wounds: Emerging opportunities and challenges. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2130-2171. [PMID: 33522005 PMCID: PMC8247932 DOI: 10.1002/med.21789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing complications affect thousands of people each year, thus constituting a profound economic and medical burden. Chronic wounds are a highly complex problem that usually affects elderly patients as well as patients with comorbidities such as diabetes, cancer (surgery, radiotherapy/chemotherapy) or autoimmune diseases. Currently available methods of their treatment are not fully effective, so new solutions are constantly being sought. Cell-based therapies seem to have great potential for use in stimulating wound healing. In recent years, much effort has been focused on characterizing of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) and evaluating their clinical use in regenerative medicine and other medical fields. These cells are easily obtained in large amounts from adipose tissue and show a high proregenerative potential, mainly through paracrine activities. In this review, the process of healing acute and nonhealing (chronic) wounds is detailed, with a special attention paid to the wounds of patients with diabetes and cancer. In addition, the methods and technical aspects of AD-MSCs isolation, culture and transplantation in chronic wounds are described, and the characteristics, genetic stability and role of AD-MSCs in wound healing are also summarized. The biological properties of AD-MSCs isolated from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue are compared. Additionally, methods to increase their therapeutic potential as well as factors that may affect their biological functions are summarized. Finally, their therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetic and oncological wounds is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Deptuła
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of EmbryologyMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
| | | | - Aneta Skoniecka
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of MedicineMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Oncologic SurgeryMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
| | - Michał Pikuła
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of EmbryologyMedical University of GdanskGdańskPoland
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10
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Rahmani-Moghadam E, Zarrin V, Mahmoodzadeh A, Owrang M, Talaei-Khozani T. Comparison of the Characteristics of Breast Milk-derived Stem Cells with the Stem Cells Derived from the Other Sources: A Comparative Review. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 17:71-90. [PMID: 34161214 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x16666210622125309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast milk (BrM) not only supplies nutrition, but it also contains a diverse population of cells. It has been estimated that up to 6% of the cells in human milk possess the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Available data also indicate that these cells are multipotent and capable of self-renewal and differentiation with other cells. In this review, we have compared different characteristics, such as CD markers, differentiation capacity, and morphology of stem cells, derived from human breast milk (hBr-MSC) with human bone marrow (hBMSC), Wharton's jelly (WJMSC), and human adipose tissue (hADMSC). Through the literature review, it was revealed that human breast milk-derived stem cells specifically express a group of cell surface markers, including CD14, CD31, CD45, and CD86. Importantly, a group of markers, CD13, CD29, CD44, CD105, CD106, CD146, and CD166, were identified, which were common in the four sources of stem cells. WJMSC, hBMSC, hADMSC, and hBr-MSC are potently able to differentiate into the mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm cell lineages. The ability of hBr-MSCs todifferentiate into the neural stem cells, neurons, adipocyte, hepatocyte, chondrocyte, osteocyte, and cardiomyocytes has made these cells a promising source of stem cells in regenerative medicine, while isolation of stem cells from the commonly used sources, such as bone marrow, requires invasive procedures. Although autologous breast milk-derived stem cells are an accessible source for women who are in the lactation period, breast milk can be considered as a source of stem cells with high differentiation potential without any ethical concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Rahmani-Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahideh Zarrin
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Mahmoodzadeh
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Marzieh Owrang
- Department of Anatomical sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
- Department of Anatomical sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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11
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Prantl L, Eigenberger A, Brix E, Kempa S, Baringer M, Felthaus O. Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Yield Depends on Isolation Protocol and Cell Counting Method. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051113. [PMID: 34063138 PMCID: PMC8148142 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In plastic surgery, lipofilling is a frequent procedure. Unsatisfactory vascularization and impaired cell vitality can lead to unpredictable take rates in the fat graft. The proliferation and neovascularization inducing properties of adipose tissue-derived stem cells may contribute to solve this problem. Therefore, the enrichment of fat grafts with stem cells is studied intensively. However, it is difficult to compare these studies because many factors—often not precisely described—are influencing the results. Our study summarizes some factors which influence the cell yield like harvesting, isolation procedure and quantification. Stem cells were isolated after liposuction. Quantification was done using a cell chamber, colony counting, or flow cytometry with changes to one parameter, only, for each comparison. Quantification of cells isolated after liposuction at the same harvesting site from the same patient can vary greatly depending on the details of the isolation protocol and the method of quantification. Cell yield can be influenced strongly by many factors. Therefore, a comparison of different studies should be handled with care.
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12
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Shear Force Processing of Lipoaspirates for Stem Cell Enrichment Does Not Affect Secretome of Human Cells Detected by Mass Spectrometry In Vitro. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 146:749e-758e. [PMID: 33234959 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipofilling is one of the most often performed surgical procedures in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Lipoaspirates provide a ready source of stem cells and secreted factors that contribute to neoangiogenesis and fat graft survival. However, the regulations about the enrichment of these beneficial cells and factors are ambiguous. In this study, the authors tested whether a combination of centrifugation and homogenization allowed the enrichment of viable stem cells in lipoaspirates through the selective removal of tumescent solution, blood, and released lipids without significantly affecting the cell secretome. METHODS Human lipoaspirate was harvested from six different patients using water jet-assisted liposuction. Lipoaspirate was homogenized by first centrifugation (3584 rpm for 2 minutes), shear strain (10 times intersyringe processing), and second centrifugation (3584 rpm for 2 minutes). Stem cell enrichment was shown by cell counting after stem cell isolation. Lipoaspirate from different processing steps (unprocessed, after first centrifugation, after homogenization, after second centrifugation) was incubated in serum-free cell culture medium for mass spectrometric analysis of secreted proteins. RESULTS Lipoaspirate homogenization leads to a significant 2.6 ± 1.75-fold enrichment attributable to volume reduction without reducing the viability of the stem cells. Protein composition of the secretome did not change significantly after tissue homogenization. Considering the enrichment effects, there were no significant differences in the protein concentration of the 83 proteins found in all processing steps. CONCLUSIONS Stem cells can be enriched mechanically without significantly affecting the composition of secreted proteins. Shear-assisted enrichment of lipoaspirate constitutes no substantial manipulation of the cells' secretome.
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13
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Jossen V, Muoio F, Panella S, Harder Y, Tallone T, Eibl R. An Approach towards a GMP Compliant In-Vitro Expansion of Human Adipose Stem Cells for Autologous Therapies. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7030077. [PMID: 32698363 PMCID: PMC7552624 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Adipose Tissue Stem Cells (hASCs) are a valuable source of cells for clinical applications (e.g., treatment of acute myocardial infarction and inflammatory diseases), especially in the field of regenerative medicine. However, for autologous (patient-specific) and allogeneic (off-the-shelf) hASC-based therapies, in-vitro expansion is necessary prior to the clinical application in order to achieve the required cell numbers. Safe, reproducible and economic in-vitro expansion of hASCs for autologous therapies is more problematic because the cell material changes for each treatment. Moreover, cell material is normally isolated from non-healthy or older patients, which further complicates successful in-vitro expansion. Hence, the goal of this study was to perform cell expansion studies with hASCs isolated from two different patients/donors (i.e., different ages and health statuses) under xeno- and serum-free conditions in static, planar (2D) and dynamically mixed (3D) cultivation systems. Our primary aim was I) to compare donor variability under in-vitro conditions and II) to develop and establish an unstructured, segregated growth model as a proof-of-concept study. Maximum cell densities of between 0.49 and 0.65 × 105 hASCs/cm2 were achieved for both donors in 2D and 3D cultivation systems. Cell growth under static and dynamically mixed conditions was comparable, which demonstrated that hydrodynamic stresses (P/V = 0.63 W/m3, τnt = 4.96 × 10−3 Pa) acting at Ns1u (49 rpm for 10 g/L) did not negatively affect cell growth, even under serum-free conditions. However, donor-dependent differences in the cell size were found, which resulted in significantly different maximum cell densities for each of the two donors. In both cases, stemness was well maintained under static 2D and dynamic 3D conditions, as long as the cells were not hyperconfluent. The optimal point for cell harvesting was identified as between cell densities of 0.41 and 0.56 × 105 hASCs/cm2 (end of exponential growth phase). The growth model delivered reliable predictions for cell growth, substrate consumption and metabolite production in both types of cultivation systems. Therefore, the model can be used as a basis for future investigations in order to develop a robust MC-based hASC production process for autologous therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Jossen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +41-58-934-5334
| | - Francesco Muoio
- Foundation for Cardiological Research and Education (FCRE), Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, 6807 Taverne, Switzerland; (F.M.); (S.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Stefano Panella
- Foundation for Cardiological Research and Education (FCRE), Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, 6807 Taverne, Switzerland; (F.M.); (S.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Yves Harder
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Tiziano Tallone
- Foundation for Cardiological Research and Education (FCRE), Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation, 6807 Taverne, Switzerland; (F.M.); (S.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Regine Eibl
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland;
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14
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Kunze KN, Burnett RA, Wright-Chisem J, Frank RM, Chahla J. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatments and Available Formulations. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2020; 13:264-280. [PMID: 32328959 DOI: 10.1007/s12178-020-09624-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The use of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) has gained attention due to its potential to expedite healing and the ease of harvesting; however, clinical evidence is limited, and questions concerning optimal method of delivery and long-term outcomes remain unanswered. RECENT FINDINGS Administration of ADSCs in animal models has been reported to aid in improved healing benefits with enhanced repair biomechanics, superior gross histological appearance of injury sites, and higher concentrations of growth factors associated with healing compared to controls. Recently, an increasing body of research has sought to examine the effects of ADSCs in humans. Several available processing techniques and formulations for ADSCs exist with evidence to suggest benefits with the use of ADSCs, but the superiority of any one method is not clear. Evidence from the most recent clinical studies available demonstrates promising outcomes following treatment of select musculoskeletal pathologies with ADSCs despite reporting variability among ADSCs harvesting and processing; these include (1) healing benefits and pain improvement for rotator cuff and Achilles tendinopathies, (2) improvements in pain and function in those with knee and hip osteoarthritis, and (3) improved cartilage regeneration for osteochondral focal defects of the knee and talus. The limitation to most of this literature is the use of other therapeutic biologics in combination with ADSCs. Additionally, many studies lack control groups, making establishment of causation inappropriate. It is imperative to perform higher-quality studies using consistent, predictable control populations and to standardize formulations of ADSCs in these trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle N Kunze
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert A Burnett
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joshua Wright-Chisem
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel M Frank
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Jorge Chahla
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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15
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Tanaka K, Okitsu T, Teramura N, Iijima K, Hayashida O, Teramae H, Hattori S. Recombinant collagenase from Grimontia hollisae as a tissue dissociation enzyme for isolating primary cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3927. [PMID: 32127566 PMCID: PMC7054364 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60802-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagenase products are crucial to isolate primary cells in basic research and clinical therapies, where their stability in collagenolytic activity is required. However, currently standard collagenase products from Clostridium histolyticum lack such stability. Previously, we produced a recombinant 74-kDa collagenase from Grimontia hollisae, which spontaneously became truncated to ~60 kDa and possessed no stability. In this study, to generate G. hollisae collagenase useful as a collagenase product, we designed recombinant 62-kDa collagenase consisting only of the catalytic domain, which exhibits high production efficiency. We demonstrated that this recombinant collagenase is stable and active under physiological conditions. Moreover, it possesses higher specific activity against collagen and cleaves a wider variety of collagens than a standard collagenase product from C. histolyticum. Furthermore, it dissociated murine pancreata by digesting the collagens within the pancreata in a dose-dependent manner, and this dissociation facilitated isolation of pancreatic islets with masses and numbers comparable to those isolated using the standard collagenase from C. histolyticum. Implantation of these isolated islets into five diabetic mice led to normalisation of the blood glucose concentrations of all the recipients. These findings suggest that recombinant 62-kDa collagenase from G. hollisae can be used as a collagenase product to isolate primary cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Tanaka
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan.
| | - Teru Okitsu
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan.
| | - Naoko Teramura
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Iijima
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Osamu Hayashida
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroki Teramae
- Faculty of Teacher Education, Shumei University, Yachiyo, Chiba, 276-0003, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
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16
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Fuoco NL, de Oliveira RG, Marcelino MY, Stessuk T, Sakalem ME, Medina DAL, Modotti WP, Forte A, Ribeiro-Paes JT. Efficient isolation and proliferation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in xeno-free conditions. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2475-2486. [PMID: 32124173 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Classical methods used for culture of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs) use xenobiotic components, which may present a potential risk for biological contamination and/or elicit immunological reactions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish a xeno-free methodology for the isolation and proliferation of human ADSCs (hADSCs). hADSCs were isolated by enzymatic digestion or mechanical dissociation and cultured in the presence of fetal bovine serum or human platelet lysate. Proliferation curves were performed as a function of time from the cell culture and used to calculate the population doubling time. Immunophenotyping and differentiation tests were used to identify and characterize the hADSCs. Human ADSCs isolated and cultured in conventional or xenobiotic-free conditions peaked at different days but achieved similar maximum proliferation. The hADSCs differentiation ability was similar in all groups. The characterization of hADSCs by flow cytometry showed low contamination of the cultures by other cell types. The xenobiotic-free methodology described in this study is a feasible and reproducible alternative for isolation and proliferation of hADSCs. This methodology is in accordance with the recommendations of the National Health Surveillance Agency, which proposes avoidance of xenobiotic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Langenfeld Fuoco
- Biotechnology Interunits Post-Graduation Program, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Guilen de Oliveira
- Biotechnology Interunits Post-Graduation Program, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Monica Yonashiro Marcelino
- Biotechnology Interunits Post-Graduation Program, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Talita Stessuk
- Biotechnology Interunits Post-Graduation Program, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marna Eliana Sakalem
- Genetics and Cell Therapy Laboratory (GenTe Cel), São Paulo State University (Unesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andresa Forte
- São Lucas - Cell Therapy Group, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João Tadeu Ribeiro-Paes
- Genetics and Cell Therapy Laboratory (GenTe Cel), São Paulo State University (Unesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Genética e Terapia Celular - GenTe Cel, Departamento de Biotecnologia - Unesp, Av. Dom Antonio, 2100, Assis, SP, CEP 19806-330, Brasil.
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17
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Säljö K, Orrhult LS, Apelgren P, Markstedt K, Kölby L, Gatenholm P. Successful engraftment, vascularization, and In vivo survival of 3D-bioprinted human lipoaspirate-derived adipose tissue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2019.e00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Tiryaki T, Condé-Green A, Cohen SR, Canikyan S, Kocak P. A 3-step Mechanical Digestion Method to Harvest Adipose-derived Stromal Vascular Fraction. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2020; 8:e2652. [PMID: 32309095 PMCID: PMC7159941 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000002652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolation with enzymatic digestion is the gold standard, but is expensive, having practical and legal concerns. The alternative mechanical SVF isolation methods provide lower cell yields as they employ either centrifugation, emulsification, or digestion steps alone. We combined mechanical processing with buffer incubation and centrifugation steps into an isolation method called “mechanical digestion” and compared the cell yields with that of enzymatic digestion. Methods: A total of 40-mL lipoaspirate was harvested from 35 women undergoing liposuction and was submitted to conventional enzymatic digestion for SVF isolation or mechanical digestion using a closed unit harnessing 3 ports with blades, followed by buffer incubation and centrifugation. Culture of the SVFs and flow cytometry were performed. Results: The SVF cell yield obtained by enzymatic digestion was significantly higher 3.38 × 106/mL (±3.63; n = 35) than that obtained by mechanical digestion 1.34 × 106/mL (±1.69; n = 35), P = 0.015. The average cell viability was 82.86% ± 10.68 after enzymatic digestion versus 85.86% ± 5.74 after mechanical digestion, which was not significant. Mechanical digested SVF expressed 2-fold higher stem cell surface markers compared with enzymatically digested SVF. Mechanical digestion was less time consuming, cost effective, and did not require a specific laboratory environment. Conclusions: Mechanically digested SVF was comparable to enzymatically digested SVF in terms of stromal cell composition and viability. With mechanical digestion, we can isolate 30%–50% SVF cells of that isolated with enzymatic digestion. Further studies are warranted to determine the clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunc Tiryaki
- Plastic Surgery Division, Cadogan Clinic, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Condé-Green
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Steven R Cohen
- Plastic Surgery Division, Faces Plus Clinic, San Diego, Calif
| | - Serli Canikyan
- Research and Development Department, Lipocube Inc., London, UK
| | - Polen Kocak
- Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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19
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Trivisonno A, Alexander RW, Baldari S, Cohen SR, Di Rocco G, Gentile P, Magalon G, Magalon J, Miller RB, Womack H, Toietta G. Intraoperative Strategies for Minimal Manipulation of Autologous Adipose Tissue for Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapies: Concise Review. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:1265-1271. [PMID: 31599497 PMCID: PMC6877766 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is a heterogeneous population of stem/stromal cells isolated from perivascular and extracellular matrix (ECM) of adipose tissue complex (ATC). Administration of SVF holds a strong therapeutic potential for regenerative and wound healing medicine applications aimed at functional restoration of tissues damaged by injuries or chronic diseases. SVF is commonly divided into cellular stromal vascular fraction (cSVF) and tissue stromal vascular fraction (tSVF). Cellular SVF is obtained from ATC by collagenase digestion, incubation/isolation, and pelletized by centrifugation. Enzymatic disaggregation may alter the relevant biological characteristics of adipose tissue, while providing release of complex, multiattachment of cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix, effectively eliminating the bioactive ECM and periadventitial attachments. In many countries, the isolation of cellular elements is considered as a "more than minimal" manipulation, and is most often limited to controlled clinical trials and subject to regulatory review. Several alternative, nonenzymatic methods of adipose tissue processing have been developed to obtain via minimal mechanical manipulation an autologous tSVF product intended for delivery, reducing the procedure duration, lowering production costs, decreasing regulatory burden, and shortening the translation into the clinical setting. Ideally, these procedures might allow for the integration of harvesting and processing of adipose tissue for ease of injection, in a single procedure utilizing a nonexpanded cellular product at the point of care, while permitting intraoperative autologous cellular and tissue-based therapies. Here, we review and discuss the options, advantages, and limitations of the major strategies alternative to enzymatic processing currently developed for minimal manipulation of adipose tissue. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1265&1271.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Trivisonno
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Robert W Alexander
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Silvia Baldari
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Latina, Italy
| | - Steven R Cohen
- FACES+ Plastic Surgery, Skin and Laser Center and the University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Giuliana Di Rocco
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Gentile
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Guy Magalon
- Plastic Surgery Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jérémy Magalon
- Vascular Research Center of Marseille, Aix Marseille University, INSERM UMR 1076, Marseille, France
- Cell Therapy Laboratory, CBT-1409, INSERM, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Hayley Womack
- FACES+ Plastic Surgery, Skin and Laser Center and the University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Gabriele Toietta
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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20
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Gentile P, Calabrese C, De Angelis B, Pizzicannella J, Kothari A, Garcovich S. Impact of the Different Preparation Methods to Obtain Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells (AD-SVFs) and Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs): Enzymatic Digestion Versus Mechanical Centrifugation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5471. [PMID: 31684107 PMCID: PMC6862236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous therapies using adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (AD-SVFs) and adult adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) warrant careful preparation of the harvested adipose tissue. Currently, no standardized technique for this preparation exists. Processing quantitative standards (PQSs) define manufacturing quantitative variables (such as time, volume, and pressure). Processing qualitative standards (PQLSs) define the quality of the materials and methods in manufacturing. The purpose of the review was to use PQSs and PQLSs to report the in vivo and in vitro results obtained by different processing kits that use different procedures (enzymatic vs. non-enzymatic) to isolate human AD-SVFs/AD-MSCs. PQSs included the volume of fat tissue harvested and reagents used, the time/gravity of centrifugation, and the time, temperature, and tilt level/speed of incubation and/or centrifugation. PQLSs included the use of a collagenase, a processing time of 30 min, kit weight, transparency of the kit components, the maintenance of a closed sterile processing environment, and the use of a small centrifuge and incubating rocker. Using a kit with the PQSs and PQLSs described in this study enables the isolation of AD-MSCs that meet the consensus quality criteria. As the discovery of new critical quality attributes (CQAs) of AD-MSCs evolve with respect to purity and potency, adjustments to these benchmark PQSs and PQLs will hopefully isolate AD-MSCs of various CQAs with greater reproducibility, quality, and safety. Confirmatory studies will no doubt need to be completed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gentile
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Barbara De Angelis
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Ashutosh Kothari
- Chief of Breast Surgery Unit, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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21
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Doornaert M, De Maere E, Colle J, Declercq H, Taminau J, Lemeire K, Berx G, Blondeel P. Xenogen-free isolation and culture of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2019; 40:101532. [PMID: 31421383 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived Stem Cells (ASCs) present great potential for reconstructive procedures. Currently, isolation by enzyme digestion and culturing using xenogenic substances remain the gold standard, impairing clinical use. METHODS Abdominal lipo-aspirate and blood samples were obtained from healthy patients. A novel mechanical isolation method for ASCs was compared to (the standard) collagenase digestion. ASCs are examined by flowcytometry and multilineage differentiation assays. Cell cultures were performed without xenogenic or toxic substances, using autologous plasma extracted from peripheral blood. After eGFP-transfection, an in vivo differentiation assay was performed. RESULTS Mechanical isolation is more successful in isolating CD34+/CD31-/CD45-/CD13+/CD73+/CD146- ASCs from lipo-aspirate than isolation via collagenase digestion (p <0 .05). ASCs display multilineage differentiation potential in vitro. Autologous plasma is a valid additive for ASCs culturing. eGFP-ASCs, retrieved after 3 months in vivo, differentiated in adipocytes and endothelial cells. CONCLUSION A practical method for human ASC isolation and culturing from abdominal lipo-aspirate, without the addition of xenogenic substances, is described. The mechanical protocol is more successful than the current gold standard protocol of enzyme digestion. These results are important in the translation of laboratory-based cell cultures to clinical reconstructive and aesthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Doornaert
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
| | - E De Maere
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
| | - J Colle
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
| | - H Declercq
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, UGent, Gent, Belgium.
| | - J Taminau
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Gent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Gent (CRIG), Belgium.
| | - K Lemeire
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Gent, Belgium; Inflammation Research Centre (IRC), VIB, Gent, Belgium.
| | - G Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Gent, Belgium; Inflammation Research Centre (IRC), VIB, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Ph Blondeel
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
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22
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Dubey NK, Mishra VK, Dubey R, Deng YH, Tsai FC, Deng WP. Revisiting the Advances in Isolation, Characterization and Secretome of Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082200. [PMID: 30060511 PMCID: PMC6121360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) seems to be a promising regenerative therapeutic agent due to the minimally invasive approach of their harvest and multi-lineage differentiation potential. The harvested adipose tissues are further digested to extract stromal vascular fraction (SVF), which is cultured, and the anchorage-dependent cells are isolated in order to characterize their stemness, surface markers, and multi-differentiation potential. The differentiation potential of ASCs is directed through manipulating culture medium composition with an introduction of growth factors to obtain the desired cell type. ASCs have been widely studied for its regenerative therapeutic solution to neurologic, skin, wound, muscle, bone, and other disorders. These therapeutic outcomes of ASCs are achieved possibly via autocrine and paracrine effects of their secretome comprising of cytokines, extracellular proteins and RNAs. Therefore, secretome-derivatives might offer huge advantages over cells through their synthesis and storage for long-term use. When considering the therapeutic significance and future prospects of ASCs, this review summarizes the recent developments made in harvesting, isolation, and characterization. Furthermore, this article also provides a deeper insight into secretome of ASCs mediating regenerative efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kumar Dubey
- Ceramics and Biomaterials Research Group, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
| | - Viraj Krishna Mishra
- Applied Biotech Engineering Centre (ABEC), Department of Biotechnology, Ambala College of Engineering and Applied Research, Ambala 133101, India.
| | - Rajni Dubey
- Graduate Institute Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Chou Tsai
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Basic medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
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23
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Agostini F, Rossi FM, Aldinucci D, Battiston M, Lombardi E, Zanolin S, Massarut S, Parodi PC, Da Ponte A, Tessitori G, Pivetta B, Durante C, Mazzucato M. Improved GMP compliant approach to manipulate lipoaspirates, to cryopreserve stromal vascular fraction, and to expand adipose stem cells in xeno-free media. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:130. [PMID: 29751821 PMCID: PMC5948766 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) derived from adipose tissue contains adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASC) and can be used for regenerative applications. Thus, a validated protocol for SVF isolation, freezing, and thawing is required to manage product administration. To comply with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), fetal bovine serum (FBS), used to expand ASC in vitro, could be replaced by growth factors from platelet concentrates. Methods Throughout each protocol, GMP-compliant reagents and devices were used. SVF cells were isolated from lipoaspirates by a standardized enzymatic protocol. Cells were cryopreserved in solutions containing different albumin or serum and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) concentrations. Before and after cryopreservation, we analyzed: cell viability (by Trypan blue); immunophenotype (by flow cytometry); colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) formation; and differentiation potential. ASC, seeded at different densities, were expanded in presence of 10% FBS or 5% supernatant rich in growth factors (SRGF) from platelets. The differentiation potential and cell transformation grade were tested in expanded ASC. Results We demonstrated that SVF can be obtained with a consistent yield (about 185 × 103 cells/ml lipoaspirate) and viability (about 82%). Lipoaspirate manipulation after overnight storage at +4 °C reduced cell viability (−11.6%). The relative abundance of ASC (CD34+CD45−CD31–) and endothelial precursors (CD34+CD45−CD31+) in the SVF product was about 59% and 42%, respectively. A period of 2 months cryostorage in autologous serum with added DMSO minimally affected post-thaw SVF cell viability as well as clonogenic and differentiation potentials. Viability was negatively affected when SVF was frozen at a cell concentration below 1.3 × 106 cells/ml. Cell viability was not significantly affected after a freezing period of 1 year. Independent of seeding density, ASC cultured in 5% SRGF exhibited higher growth rates when compared with 10% FBS. ASC expanded in both media showed unaltered identity (by flow cytometry) and were exempt from genetic lesions. Both 5% SRGF- and 10% FBS-expanded ASC efficiently differentiated to adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Conclusions This paper reports a GMP-compliant approach for freezing SVF cells isolated from adipose tissue by a standardized protocol. Moreover, an ASC expansion method in controlled culture conditions and without involvement of animal-derived additives was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Maria Rossi
- Clinical-Experimental Onco-Hematology Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Donatella Aldinucci
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Monica Battiston
- Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Zanolin
- Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Samuele Massarut
- Breast Surgery Unit; CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Pier Camillo Parodi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Tessitori
- Cytogenetic Unit, AAS 5 Friuli Occidentale, "S. Maria degli Angeli" Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Barbara Pivetta
- Cytogenetic Unit, AAS 5 Friuli Occidentale, "S. Maria degli Angeli" Hospital, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Cristina Durante
- Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Mario Mazzucato
- Stem Cell Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy.
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24
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Maximizing non-enzymatic methods for harvesting adipose-derived stem from lipoaspirate: technical considerations and clinical implications for regenerative surgery. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10015. [PMID: 28855688 PMCID: PMC5577104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, adipose tissue has become a highly interesting source of adult stem cells for plastic surgery and regenerative medicine. The adipose source offers two options for the isolation of regenerative cells: the enzymatic digestion an expensive time-consuming procedure lacking a common standard operating protocol, or the non-enzymatic dissociation methods based on mechanical forces to break the processed adipose tissue. Here, we propose innovative inexpensive non-enzymatic protocols to collect and concentrate clinically useful regenerative cells from adipose tissue by centrifugation of the infranatant fraction of lipoaspirate as first step, usually discarded as a byproduct of the surgical procedure, and by fat shaking and wash as second enrichment step. The isolated cells were characterized according to the criteria proposed by the Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cell Committee of the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) to define human mesenchymal stem cells, and the results were compared with matched lipoaspirate samples processed with collagenase. The results demonstrated the usability of these new procedures as an alternative to fat grafting for treating stem cell-depleted tissues and for specific application requiring minimal or null soft tissue augmentation, such as skin diseases including severe burn and post-oncological scaring, chronic non-healing wounds, and vitiligo.
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25
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van Dongen JA, Tuin AJ, Spiekman M, Jansma J, van der Lei B, Harmsen MC. Comparison of intraoperative procedures for isolation of clinical grade stromal vascular fraction for regenerative purposes: a systematic review. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e261-e274. [PMID: 28084666 DOI: 10.1002/term.2407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intraoperative application of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue requires a fast and efficient isolation procedure of adipose tissue. This review was performed to systematically assess and compare procedures currently used for the intraoperative isolation of cellular SVF (cSVF) and tissue SVF (tSVF) that still contain the extracellular matrix. Pubmed, EMBASE and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials databases were searched for studies that compare procedures for intraoperative isolation of SVF (searched 28 September 2016). Outcomes of interest were cell yield, viability of cells, composition of SVF, duration, cost and procedure characteristics. Procedures were subdivided into procedures resulting in a cSVF or tSVF. Thirteen out of 3038 studies, evaluating 18 intraoperative isolation procedures, were considered eligible. In general, cSVF and tSVF intraoperative isolation procedures had similar cell yield, cell viability and SVF composition compared to a nonintraoperative (i.e. culture laboratory-based collagenase protocol) control group within the same studies. The majority of intraoperative isolation procedures are less time consuming than nonintraoperative control groups, however. Intraoperative isolation procedures are less time-consuming than nonintraoperative control groups with similar cell yield, viability of cells and composition of SVF, and therefore more suitable for use in the clinic. Nevertheless, none of the intraoperative isolation procedures could be designated as the preferred procedure to isolate SVF. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris A van Dongen
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A Jorien Tuin
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maroesjka Spiekman
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Jansma
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Berend van der Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Bergman Clinics, locations Heerenveen, Zwolle and Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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26
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Shift toward Mechanical Isolation of Adipose-derived Stromal Vascular Fraction: Review of Upcoming Techniques. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2016; 4:e1017. [PMID: 27757339 PMCID: PMC5055005 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Standard isolation of adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) requires the use of collagenase and is considered more than “minimally manipulated” by current good manufacturing practice requirements. Alternatively, nonenzymatic isolation methods have surfaced using physical forces to separate cells from the adipose matrix. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on the use of mechanical isolation protocols and compare the results. The implication for use as a standard procedure in practice is discussed.
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27
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Liu H, Li W, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zhou Y. Co-administration of aspirin and allogeneic adipose-derived stromal cells attenuates bone loss in ovariectomized rats through the anti-inflammatory and chemotactic abilities of aspirin. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:200. [PMID: 26474767 PMCID: PMC4609080 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0195-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis is a syndrome of excessive skeletal fragility characterized by the loss of mass and deterioration of microarchitecture in bone. Single use of aspirin or adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) has been recognized recently to be effective against osteoporosis. The goal of the study was to evaluate the osteogenic effects of the co-administration of aspirin and allogeneic rat adipose-derived stromal cells (rASCs) on ovariectomized (OVX)-induced bone loss in rats. The underlying mechanisms were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Methods Firstly, allogeneic rASCs were isolated and cultured, and the conditioned medium (CM) from the maintenance of rASCs was collected. Secondly, the OVX rats were administrated CM, rASCs, aspirin (ASP) or rASCs + ASP, respectively. Twelve weeks later, the anti-inflammatory and osteogenic effects were assessed by micro-CT, undecalcified histological sections, dynamic histomorphometric analyses and serologic assays for biochemical markers. Finally, a Transwell migration assay in vitro and cell-trafficking analyses in vivo were used to explore the effects of aspirin on rASC migration. Results Systemic administration of aspirin and rASCs attenuated OVX-induced bone loss better than single use of aspirin or ASCs (p < 0.05, respectively). Next, we analyzed the underlying mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory and chemotactic abilities of aspirin. Aspirin suppressed serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and the anti-inflammatory ability was positively associated with bone morphometry. Also, aspirin exhibited excellent chemotactic effects in vitro and accelerated the homing of allogeneic rASCs into bone marrow during early in vivo stages. Conclusions Co-administered aspirin and allogeneic ASCs can partially reverse OVX-induced bone loss in rats. This effect appears to be mediated by the anti-inflammatory and chemotactic abilities of aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- The Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Wei Li
- The Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China. .,National Engineering Lab for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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28
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Oberbauer E, Steffenhagen C, Wurzer C, Gabriel C, Redl H, Wolbank S. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic isolation systems for adipose tissue-derived cells: current state of the art. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2015; 4:7. [PMID: 26435835 PMCID: PMC4591586 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-015-0020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, adipose tissue became a highly interesting source of adult stem cells for plastic surgery and regenerative medicine. The isolated stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is a heterogeneous cell population including the adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASC), which showed regenerative potential in several clinical studies and trials. SVF should be provided in a safe and reproducible manner in accordance with current good manufacturing practices (cGMP). To ensure highest possible safety for patients, a precisely defined procedure with a high-quality control is required. Hence, an increasing number of adipose tissue-derived cell isolation systems have been developed. These systems aim for a closed, sterile, and safe isolation process limiting donor variations, risk for contaminations, and unpredictability of the cell material. To isolate SVF from adipose tissue, enzymes such as collagenase are used. Alternatively, in order to avoid enzymes, isolation systems using physical forces are available. Here, we provide an overview of known existing enzymatic and non-enzymatic adipose tissue-derived cell isolation systems, which are patented, published, or already on the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Oberbauer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Linz/Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carolin Steffenhagen
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Linz/Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Wurzer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Linz/Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Gabriel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Linz/Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Linz/Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Wolbank
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Linz/Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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29
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Abstract
We have witnessed a rapid expansion of in vitro characterization and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells, with increasing translation to both in vivo models and a breadth of clinical specialties. However, an appreciation of the truly heterogeneous nature of this unique stem cell group has identified a need to more accurately delineate subpopulations by any of a host of methods, to include functional properties or surface marker expression. Cells selected for improved proliferative, differentiative, angiogenic or ischemia-resistant properties are but a few attributes that could prove beneficial for targeted treatments or therapies. Optimizing cell culture conditions to permit re-introduction to patients is critical for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavan S Johal
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Institute of Inflammation & Repair, School of Medicine, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
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30
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Ducret M, Fabre H, Degoul O, Atzeni G, McGuckin C, Forraz N, Alliot-Licht B, Mallein-Gerin F, Perrier-Groult E, Farges JC. Manufacturing of dental pulp cell-based products from human third molars: current strategies and future investigations. Front Physiol 2015; 6:213. [PMID: 26300779 PMCID: PMC4526817 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, mesenchymal cell-based products have been developed to improve surgical therapies aimed at repairing human tissues. In this context, the tooth has recently emerged as a valuable source of stem/progenitor cells for regenerating orofacial tissues, with easy access to pulp tissue and high differentiation potential of dental pulp mesenchymal cells. International guidelines now recommend the use of standardized procedures for cell isolation, storage and expansion in culture to ensure optimal reproducibility, efficacy and safety when cells are used for clinical application. However, most dental pulp cell-based medicinal products manufacturing procedures may not be fully satisfactory since they could alter the cells biological properties and the quality of derived products. Cell isolation, enrichment and cryopreservation procedures combined to long-term expansion in culture media containing xeno- and allogeneic components are known to affect cell phenotype, viability, proliferation and differentiation capacities. This article focuses on current manufacturing strategies of dental pulp cell-based medicinal products and proposes a new protocol to improve efficiency, reproducibility and safety of these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Ducret
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France ; Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France ; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires Lyon, France
| | - Hugo Fabre
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Degoul
- CTI-BIOTECH, Cell Therapy Research Institute Meyzieu, France
| | | | - Colin McGuckin
- CTI-BIOTECH, Cell Therapy Research Institute Meyzieu, France
| | - Nico Forraz
- CTI-BIOTECH, Cell Therapy Research Institute Meyzieu, France
| | - Brigitte Alliot-Licht
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Université de Nantes Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Mallein-Gerin
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France
| | - Emeline Perrier-Groult
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Farges
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie thérapeutique, UMR5305 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France ; Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon, France ; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires Lyon, France
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Rodrigues AI, Oliveira MB, Mano JF, Gomes ME, Reis RL, Leonor IB. Combinatorial Effect of Silicon and Calcium Release from Starch-Based Scaffolds on Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:760-770. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Rodrigues
- 3B’s Research Group
− Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of
the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência
e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s -
PT Government
Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Mariana B. Oliveira
- 3B’s Research Group
− Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of
the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência
e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s -
PT Government
Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- 3B’s Research Group
− Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of
the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência
e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s -
PT Government
Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Manuela E. Gomes
- 3B’s Research Group
− Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of
the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência
e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s -
PT Government
Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group
− Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of
the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência
e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s -
PT Government
Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Isabel B. Leonor
- 3B’s Research Group
− Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of
the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative
Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência
e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s -
PT Government
Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Production of Human Dental Pulp Cells with a Medicinal Manufacturing Approach. J Endod 2015; 41:1492-9. [PMID: 26189777 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) are generally isolated and cultured with xenogeneic products and in stress conditions that may alter their biological features. However, guidelines from the American Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency currently recommend the use of protocols compliant with medicinal manufacturing. Our aim was to design an ex vivo procedure to produce large amounts of HDPCs for dentin/pulp and bone engineering according to these international recommendations. METHODS HDPC isolation was performed from pulp explant cultures. After appropriate serum-free medium selection, cultured HDPCs were immunophenotyped with flow cytometry. Samples were then cryopreserved for 510 days. The post-thaw cell doubling time was determined up to passage 4 (P4). Karyotyping was performed by G-band analysis. Osteo/odontoblastic differentiation capability was determined after culture in a differentiation medium by gene expression analysis of osteo/odontoblast markers and mineralization quantification. RESULTS Immunophenotyping of cultured HDPCs revealed a mesenchymal profile of the cells, some of which also expressed the stem/progenitor cell markers CD271, Stro-1, CD146, or MSCA-1. The post-thaw cell doubling times were stable and similar to fresh HDPCs. Cells displayed no karyotype abnormality. Alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and dentin sialophosphoprotein gene expression and culture mineralization were increased in post-thaw HDPC cultures performed in differentiation medium compared with cultures in control medium. CONCLUSIONS We successfully isolated, cryopreserved, and amplified human dental pulp cells with a medicinal manufacturing approach. These findings may constitute a basis on which to investigate how HDPC production can be optimized for human pulp/dentin and bone tissue engineering.
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Critical steps in the isolation and expansion of adipose-derived stem cells for translational therapy. Expert Rev Mol Med 2015; 17:e11. [PMID: 26052798 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2015.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), there have been high expectations of their putative clinical use. Recent advances support these expectations, and it is expected that the transition from pre-clinical and clinical studies to implementation as a standard treatment modality is imminent. However ASCs must be isolated and expanded according to good manufacturing practice guidelines and a basic assurance of quality, safety, and medical effectiveness is needed for authorisation by regulatory agencies, such as European Medicines Agency and US Food and Drug Administration. In this review, a collection of studies investigating the influence of different steps of the isolation and expansion protocol on the yield and functionality of ASCs has been presented in an attempt to come up with best recommendations that ensure potential beneficial clinical outcome of using ASCs in any therapeutic setting. If the findings confirm the initial observations of beneficial effects of ASCs, the path is paved for implementing these ASC-based therapies as standard treatment options.
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Arjmand B, Aghayan HR. Cell manufacturing for clinical applications. Stem Cells 2015; 32:2557-8. [PMID: 24891087 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Babak Arjmand
- GMP-Compliant Stem Cell Facility, Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wang S, Mundada L, Johnson S, Wong J, Witt R, Ohye RG, Si MS. Characterization and angiogenic potential of human neonatal and infant thymus mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:339-50. [PMID: 25713463 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Resident mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are involved in angiogenesis during thymus regeneration. We have previously shown that MSCs can be isolated from enzymatically digested human neonatal and infant thymus tissue that is normally discarded during pediatric cardiac surgical procedures. In this paper, we demonstrate that thymus MSCs can also be isolated by explant culture of discarded thymus tissue and that these cells share many of the characteristics of bone marrow MSCs. Human neonatal thymus MSCs are clonogenic, demonstrate exponential growth in nearly 30 population doublings, have a characteristic surface marker profile, and express pluripotency genes. Furthermore, thymus MSCs have potent proangiogenic behavior in vitro with sprout formation and angiogenic growth factor production. Thymus MSCs promote neoangiogenesis and cooperate with endothelial cells to form functional human blood vessels in vivo. These characteristics make thymus MSCs a potential candidate for use as an angiogenic cell therapeutic agent and for vascularizing engineered tissues in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Section of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of General Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lakshmi Mundada
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Section of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of General Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sean Johnson
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Section of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of General Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joshua Wong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Section of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of General Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Russell Witt
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Section of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of General Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard G Ohye
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Section of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of General Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ming-Sing Si
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Section of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery and Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of General Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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An B, Na S, Lee S, Kim WJ, Yang SR, Woo HM, Kook S, Hong Y, Song H, Hong SH. Non-enzymatic isolation followed by supplementation of basic fibroblast growth factor improves proliferation, clonogenic capacity and SSEA-4 expression of perivascular cells from human umbilical cord. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 359:767-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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37
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Yi T, Kim WK, Choi JS, Song SY, Han J, Kim JH, Kim WS, Park SG, Lee HJ, Cho YK, Hwang SJ, Song SU, Sung JH. Isolation of adipose-derived stem cells by using a subfractionation culturing method. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 14:1551-60. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.943661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Busser H, De Bruyn C, Urbain F, Najar M, Pieters K, Raicevic G, Meuleman N, Bron D, Lagneaux L. Isolation of adipose-derived stromal cells without enzymatic treatment: expansion, phenotypical, and functional characterization. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:2390-400. [PMID: 24805167 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a potential method for the treatment of numerous diseases. The most frequent cellular source is bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs). Human adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) share similar properties with BM-MSCs as they support hematopoiesis, modulate ongoing immune responses, and differentiate into cells of mesodermal origin. On the other hand, ADSCs have higher frequency in situ, higher availability, and very few ethical issues compared with BM-MSCs, giving them an advantage over BM-MSCs for clinical use. Most of the methods used to isolate ADSCs contain a collagenase digestion step, but the type of collagenase and time of sample digestion vary among studies and these differences could have an impact on the cell properties and thus in result comparison. To overcome this obstacle, we propose a new method to isolate ADSCs from lipoaspirate without collagenase digestion step. We compared ADSCs obtained with our method versus classical protocol using collagenase digestion. Cells obtained with our method are equivalent but they have a better long-term hematopoietic support than those obtained with classical method. Moreover, our method has an advantage over the classical one as it is easier, safer, faster, less expensive, and more consistent with good manufacturing practices to obtain large number of ADSCs ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Busser
- 1 Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institut, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are considered a great alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Unlike bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), ASCs can be retrieved in high numbers from lipoaspirate, a by-product of liposuction procedures. Given that ASCs represent an easily accessible and abundant source of multipotent cells, ASCs have garnered attention and curiosity from both scientific and clinical communities for their potential in clinical applications. Furthermore, their unique immunobiology and secretome are attractive therapeutic properties. A decade since the discovery of a stem cell reservoir residing within adipose tissue, ASC-based clinical trials have grown over the years around the world along with assessments made on their safety and efficacy. With the progress of ASCs into clinical applications, the aim towards producing clinical-grade ASCs becomes increasingly important. Several countries have recognised the growing industry of cell therapies and have developed regulatory frameworks to assure their safety. With more research efforts made to understand their effects in both scientific and clinical settings, ASCs hold great promise as a future therapeutic strategy in treating a wide variety of diseases. Therefore, this review seeks to highlight the clinical applicability of ASCs as well as their progress in clinical trials across various medical disciplines.
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Kokai LE, Marra K, Rubin JP. Adipose stem cells: biology and clinical applications for tissue repair and regeneration. Transl Res 2014; 163:399-408. [PMID: 24361334 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2013.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a clear clinical need for cell therapies to repair or regenerate tissue lost to disease or trauma. Adipose tissue is a renewable source of stem cells, called adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), that release important growth factors for wound healing, modulate the immune system, decrease inflammation, and home in on injured tissues. Therefore, ASCs may offer great clinical utility in regenerative therapies for afflictions such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, spinal cord injury, heart disease, and rheumatoid arthritis, or for replacing lost tissue from trauma or tumor removal. This article discusses the regenerative properties of ASCs that can be harnessed for clinical applications, and explores current and future challenges for ASC clinical use. Such challenges include knowledge-based deficiencies, hurdles for translating research to the clinic, and barriers to establishing a new paradigm of medical care. Clinical experience with ASCs, ASCs as a portion of the heterogeneous stromal cell population extracted enzymatically from adipose tissue, and stromal vascular fraction are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Kokai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kacey Marra
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - J Peter Rubin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
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