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He Z, Zhang J, Jia H, Zhang S, Sun X, Nishawy E, Zhang H, Dai M. Genome-wide identification and analyses of ZmAPY genes reveal their roles involved in maize development and abiotic stress responses. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2024; 44:37. [PMID: 38745883 PMCID: PMC11091030 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-024-01474-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Apyrase is a class of enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates/diphosphates (NTP/NDP), which widely involved in regulation of plant growth and stress responses. However, apyrase family genes in maize have not been identified, and their characteristics and functions are largely unknown. In this study, we identified 16 apyrases (named as ZmAPY1-ZmAPY16) in maize genome, and analyzed their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, chromosomal distribution, upstream regulatory transcription factors and expression patterns. Analysis of the transcriptome database unveiled tissue-specific and abiotic stress-responsive expression of ZmAPY genes in maize. qPCR analysis further confirmed their responsiveness to drought, heat, and cold stresses. Association analyses indicated that variations of ZmAPY5 and ZmAPY16 may regulate maize agronomic traits and drought responses. Our findings shed light on the molecular characteristics and evolutionary history of maize apyrase genes, highlighting their roles in various biological processes and stress responses. This study forms a basis for further exploration of apyrase functions in maize. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01474-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Haitao Jia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Shilong Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Xiaopeng Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement & Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Elsayed Nishawy
- Laboratory of Genomics and Genome Editing, Department of Genetics, Desert Research Center, Cairo, 11735 Egypt
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, 430074 China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingqiu Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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Xu J, Zhao Y, Tyler Mertens R, Ding Y, Xiao P. Sweet regulation - The emerging immunoregulatory roles of hexoses. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00157-7. [PMID: 38631430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely acknowledged that dietary habits have profound impacts on human health and diseases. As the most important sweeteners and energy sources in human diets, hexoses take part in a broad range of physiopathological processes. In recent years, emerging evidence has uncovered the crucial roles of hexoses, such as glucose, fructose, mannose, and galactose, in controlling the differentiation or function of immune cells. AIM OF REVIEW Herein, we reviewed the latest research progresses in the hexose-mediated modulation of immune responses, provided in-depth analyses of the underlying mechanisms, and discussed the unresolved issues in this field. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Owing to their immunoregulatory effects, hexoses affect the onset and progression of various types of immune disorders, including inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and tumor immune evasion. Thus, targeting hexose metabolism is becoming a promising strategy for reversing immune abnormalities in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Xu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuening Zhao
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Yimin Ding
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory for Immunity and Inflammatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Seneviratne HK. Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolase 1 Exhibits Enzymatic Activity toward Tenofovir Diphosphate. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:385-391. [PMID: 36396461 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.000855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenofovir (TFV; prescribed as TFV disoproxil fumarate and TFV alafenamide prodrugs) is currently used for HIV prevention and treatment. TFV must be phosphorylated twice into TFV-diphosphate (TFV-DP) to become pharmacologically active. Previously, we reported heterogeneity in TFV-DP distribution in colorectal tissue (a putative site of HIV infection) sections collected from research participants receiving a TFV-containing enema. This observed heterogeneity is likely multifactorial. Of note, TFV-DP is structurally similar to ATP. It is known that nucleotidases such as nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) dephosphorylate ATP. Thus, it was hypothesized that NTPDase-mediated dephosphorylation plays a role in regulating TFV-DP levels in colorectal tissue. To test this hypothesis, recombinant NTPDase proteins (NTPDase 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8) were incubated, individually, with TFV-DP to determine their abilities to dephosphorylate TFV-DP in vitro. Following incubations, TFV-DP dephosphorylation was determined using both malachite green phosphate assays and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. From these, NTPDase 1 exhibited the highest activity toward TFV-DP. Further, enzyme kinetic analysis revealed Michaelis-Menten kinetics for NTPDase 1-mediated TFV-DP dephosphorylation. Next, immunoblot analyses were conducted to confirm the expression of NTPDase 1 protein in human colorectal tissue. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry proteomics analysis was used to measure the relative abundance of NTPDases in human colorectal tissue among healthy adult individuals (n = 4). These analyses confirmed the high abundance of NTPDase 1 in human colorectal tissue. Taken together, results suggest that NTPDase 1 may contribute to the regulation of TFV-DP levels. The above data provide important insights into the dephosphorylation of TFV-DP. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) that are involved in enzymatic ATP dephosphorylation may contribute to tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) dephosphorylation, leading to its inactivation. In this study, the NTPDases responsible for TFV-DP dephosphorylation in vitro and their expression in human colorectal tissue were investigated. Through this work, it was demonstrated that NTPDase 1 has the highest activity toward TFV-DP dephosphorylation, and it was abundant in human colorectal tissue. Importantly, these studies will increase our understanding of TFV-DP disposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herana Kamal Seneviratne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County and Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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4
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Calame DG, Herman I, Marshall AE, Maroofian R, Donis KC, Fatih JM, Mitani T, Du H, Grochowski CM, Sousa S, Bakhtiari S, Ito YA, Rocca C, Hunter JV, Sutton VR, Emrick LT, Boycott KM, Lossos A, Fellig Y, Prus E, Kalish Y, Meiner V, Suerink M, Ruivenkamp C, Muirhead K, Saadi NW, Zaki MS, Skidmore DL, Osmond M, Silva TO, Houlden H, Murphy D, Ghayoorarimiani E, Jamshidi Y, Jaddoa AG, Tajsharghi H, Jin SC, Coban-Akdemir Z, Travaglini L, Nicita F, Jhangiani SN, Gibbs RA, Posey JE, Kruer MC, Kernohan KD, Morales Saute JA, Vanderver A, Pehlivan D, Marafi D, Lupski JR. Biallelic Variants in the Ectonucleotidase ENTPD1 Cause a Complex Neurodevelopmental Disorder with Intellectual Disability, Distinct White Matter Abnormalities, and Spastic Paraplegia. Ann Neurol 2022; 92:304-321. [PMID: 35471564 PMCID: PMC10054521 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human genomics established that pathogenic variation in diverse genes can underlie a single disorder. For example, hereditary spastic paraplegia is associated with >80 genes, with frequently only few affected individuals described for each gene. Herein, we characterize a large cohort of individuals with biallelic variation in ENTPD1, a gene previously linked to spastic paraplegia 64 (Mendelian Inheritance in Man # 615683). METHODS Individuals with biallelic ENTPD1 variants were recruited worldwide. Deep phenotyping and molecular characterization were performed. RESULTS A total of 27 individuals from 17 unrelated families were studied; additional phenotypic information was collected from published cases. Twelve novel pathogenic ENTPD1 variants are described (NM 001776.6): c.398_399delinsAA; p.(Gly133Glu), c.540del; p.(Thr181Leufs*18), c.640del; p.(Gly216Glufs*75), c.185 T > G; p.(Leu62*), c.1531 T > C; p.(*511Glnext*100), c.967C > T; p.(Gln323*), c.414-2_414-1del, and c.146 A > G; p.(Tyr49Cys) including 4 recurrent variants c.1109 T > A; p.(Leu370*), c.574-6_574-3del, c.770_771del; p.(Gly257Glufs*18), and c.1041del; p.(Ile348Phefs*19). Shared disease traits include childhood onset, progressive spastic paraplegia, intellectual disability (ID), dysarthria, and white matter abnormalities. In vitro assays demonstrate that ENTPD1 expression and function are impaired and that c.574-6_574-3del causes exon skipping. Global metabolomics demonstrate ENTPD1 deficiency leads to impaired nucleotide, lipid, and energy metabolism. INTERPRETATION The ENTPD1 locus trait consists of childhood disease onset, ID, progressive spastic paraparesis, dysarthria, dysmorphisms, and white matter abnormalities, with some individuals showing neurocognitive regression. Investigation of an allelic series of ENTPD1 (1) expands previously described features of ENTPD1-related neurological disease, (2) highlights the importance of genotype-driven deep phenotyping, (3) documents the need for global collaborative efforts to characterize rare autosomal recessive disease traits, and (4) provides insights into disease trait neurobiology. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:304-321.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G. Calame
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Isabella Herman
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Aren E. Marshall
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Karina Carvalho Donis
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jawid M. Fatih
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Tadahiro Mitani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Haowei Du
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | | | | | - Somayeh Bakhtiari
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, 85016, USA
- Departments of Child Health, Neurology, and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine–Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Yoko A. Ito
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Clarissa Rocca
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jill V. Hunter
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Division of Neuroradiology, Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - V. Reid Sutton
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Lisa T. Emrick
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Kym M. Boycott
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Alexander Lossos
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yakov Fellig
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Eugenia Prus
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Division, Hadassah Medical Center and the Hebrew University, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yosef Kalish
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Division, Hadassah Medical Center and the Hebrew University, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vardiella Meiner
- Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center and the Hebrew University, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Manon Suerink
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Ruivenkamp
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kayla Muirhead
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Nebal W. Saadi
- College of Medicine / University of Baghdad, Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, Medical City Complex, Baghdad 10001, Iraq
| | - Maha S. Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, Centre of Excellence of Human Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - David L. Skidmore
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Matthew Osmond
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Thiago Oliveira Silva
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - David Murphy
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Ehsan Ghayoorarimiani
- Genetics Section, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Yalda Jamshidi
- Genetics Section, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | | | - Homa Tajsharghi
- School of Health Sciences, Division Biomedicine, University of Skovde, Skovde, Sweden
| | - Sheng Chih Jin
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zeynep Coban-Akdemir
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lorena Travaglini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicita
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Shalini N. Jhangiani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Richard A. Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Michael C. Kruer
- Pediatric Movement Disorders Program, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, 85016, USA
- Departments of Child Health, Neurology, and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Program in Genetics, University of Arizona College of Medicine–Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Kristin D. Kernohan
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, K1H 8L1, Canada
- Newborn Screening Ontario, Ottawa, Canada, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Jonas A. Morales Saute
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Neurology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adeline Vanderver
- Division of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Abramson Research Center, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Davut Pehlivan
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Dana Marafi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, 13110 Safat, Kuwait
| | - James R. Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Guo S, Han F, Zhu W. CD39 - A bright target for cancer immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113066. [PMID: 35550530 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-adenosine pathway functions as a key modulator of innate and adaptive immunity within the tumor microenvironment, and cancer immune evasion largely involves the generation of high amounts of immunosuppressive extracellular adenosine (eADO). Consequently, inhibition of eADO-generating enzymes and/or eADO receptors can effectively restore the antitumor immunity of multiple immune cells. With several clinical strategies currently being explored to modulating the eADO pathway in patients with cancer, recent clinical data with antagonists targeting CD73 and A2A receptor have demonstrated a promising therapeutic potential in cancer. Recent findings reveal that the ectonucleotidase CD39, the limiting enzyme been viewed as "immunological switch", converts ATP-driven pro-inflammatory milieu to an anti-inflammatory state mediated by adenosine. Owing to its superior feature of CD39 antagonism that rely not only on preventing the accumulation of adenosine but also on the stabilization of extracellular ATP to restore antitumor immunity, several inhibitors and clinical trials based on CD39 are being evaluated. Consequently, there is currently a focus on understanding the role of CD39 in governing immunity and how therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway alter the antitumor potential. We herein review the impact of CD39 on tumor microenvironment with a focus on treatment preference. Additionally, we also discuss the implication for rational combination therapies, molecular regulation, as well as potential limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Guo
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengfeng Han
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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Glycosylation of Immune Receptors in Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051100. [PMID: 34064396 PMCID: PMC8147841 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evading host immune surveillance is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Immune checkpoint therapy, which aims to eliminate cancer progression by reprogramming the antitumor immune response, currently occupies a solid position in the rapidly expanding arsenal of cancer therapy. As most immune checkpoints are membrane glycoproteins, mounting attention is drawn to asking how protein glycosylation affects immune function. The answers to this fundamental question will stimulate the rational development of future cancer diagnostics and therapeutic strategies.
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Liu W, Ni J, Shah FA, Ye K, Hu H, Wang Q, Wang D, Yao Y, Huang S, Hou J, Liu C, Wu L. Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression pattern analysis of APYRASE family members in response to abiotic and biotic stresses in wheat. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7622. [PMID: 31565565 PMCID: PMC6744936 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
APYRASEs, which directly regulate intra- and extra-cellular ATP homeostasis, play a pivotal role in the regulation of various stress adaptations in mammals, bacteria and plants. In the present study, we identified and characterized wheat APYRASE family members at the genomic level in wheat. The results identified a total of nine APY homologs with conserved ACR domains. The sequence alignments, phylogenetic relations and conserved motifs of wheat APYs were bioinformatically analyzed. Although they share highly conserved secondary and tertiary structures, the wheat APYs could be mainly categorized into three groups, according to phylogenetic and structural analysis. Additionally, these APYs exhibited similar expression patterns in the root and shoot, among which TaAPY3-1, TaAPY3-3 and TaAPY3-4 had the highest expression levels. The time-course expression patterns of the eight APYs in response to biotic and abiotic stress in the wheat seedlings were also investigated. TaAPY3-2, TaAPY3-3, TaAPY3-4 and TaAPY6 exhibited strong sensitivity to all kinds of stresses in the leaves. Some APYs showed specific expression responses, such as TaAPY6 to heavy metal stress, and TaAPY7 to heat and salt stress. These results suggest that the stress-inducible APYs could have potential roles in the regulation of environmental stress adaptations. Moreover, the catalytic activity of TaAPY3-1 was further analyzed in the in vitro system. The results showed that TaAPY3-1 protein exhibited high catalytic activity in the degradation of ATP and ADP, but with low activity in degradation of TTP and GTP. It also has an extensive range of temperature adaptability, but preferred relatively acidic pH conditions. In this study, the genome-wide identification and characterization of APYs in wheat were suggested to be useful for further genetic modifications in the generation of high-stress-tolerant wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Faheem Afzal Shah
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Kaiqin Ye
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Qiaojian Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Shengwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Jinyan Hou
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Chenghong Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifang Wu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
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Li S, Chen X, Wang N, Li J, Feng Y, Sun J. Identification and characterization of ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (CD39) involved in regulating extracellular ATP-mediated innate immune responses in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Mol Immunol 2019; 112:10-21. [PMID: 31075558 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP), released following inflammatory stimulation or infection, is a potent signaling molecule in activating innate immune responses in fish. However, the regulation of eATP-mediated innate immunity in fish remains unknown. Ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (CD39) is a critical molecular switch for controlling the ATP levels in the extracellular space. CD39 plays a key role in regulating eATP-activated innate immune responses through the phosphohydrolysis of pro-inflammatory eATP to inactive AMP. Here, we identified and characterized a CD39 homolog (namely, poCD39) in the Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and analyzed its regulatory role in eATP-mediated innate immunity. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that poCD39 is ubiquitously present in all tested normal tissues with dominant expression in enriched Japanese flounder head kidney macrophages (HKMs). Immune challenge experiments demonstrated that poCD39 expression was upregulated by inflammatory stimulation and Edwardsiella tarda infection. Biochemical and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that poCD39 is a functional glycosylated membrane protein for the hydrolysis of eATP. Inhibition of poCD939 activity with the ecto-NTPDase inhibitor ARL 67156 resulted in increased IL-1beta gene expression and ROS production in Japanese flounder HKMs. In contrast, overexpression of poCD39 in Japanese flounder FG-9307 cells reduced eATP-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1beta gene expression. Finally, poCD39 expression was significantly induced by eATP stimulation in the HKMs, suggesting that eATP may provide a feedback mechanism for transcriptional regulation of fish CD39. Taken together, we identified and characterized a functional fish CD39 protein involved in regulating eATP-mediated innate immune responses in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jiafang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jinsheng Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, 393 West Binshui Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300387, China.
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9
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Lauri N, Bazzi Z, Alvarez CL, Leal Denis MF, Schachter J, Herlax V, Ostuni MA, Schwarzbaum PJ. ATPe Dynamics in Protozoan Parasites. Adapt or Perish. Genes (Basel) 2018; 10:E16. [PMID: 30591699 PMCID: PMC6356682 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In most animals, transient increases of extracellular ATP (ATPe) are used for physiological signaling or as a danger signal in pathological conditions. ATPe dynamics are controlled by ATP release from viable cells and cell lysis, ATPe degradation and interconversion by ecto-nucleotidases, and interaction of ATPe and byproducts with cell surface purinergic receptors and purine salvage mechanisms. Infection by protozoan parasites may alter at least one of the mechanisms controlling ATPe concentration. Protozoan parasites display their own set of proteins directly altering ATPe dynamics, or control the activity of host proteins. Parasite dependent activation of ATPe conduits of the host may promote infection and systemic responses that are beneficial or detrimental to the parasite. For instance, activation of organic solute permeability at the host membrane can support the elevated metabolism of the parasite. On the other hand ecto-nucleotidases of protozoan parasites, by promoting ATPe degradation and purine/pyrimidine salvage, may be involved in parasite growth, infectivity, and virulence. In this review, we will describe the complex dynamics of ATPe regulation in the context of protozoan parasite⁻host interactions. Particular focus will be given to features of parasite membrane proteins strongly controlling ATPe dynamics. This includes evolutionary, genetic and cellular mechanisms, as well as structural-functional relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lauri
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Physicochemistry (IQUIFIB) "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Junín 956 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Chair of Biological Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Junín 956 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Zaher Bazzi
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Physicochemistry (IQUIFIB) "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Junín 956 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Cora L Alvarez
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Physicochemistry (IQUIFIB) "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Junín 956 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Biodiversity and Experimental Biology, University of Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes, Buenos Aires 2160, Argentina.
| | - María F Leal Denis
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Physicochemistry (IQUIFIB) "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Junín 956 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Physicochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Junín 956 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Julieta Schachter
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Physicochemistry (IQUIFIB) "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Junín 956 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Vanesa Herlax
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata (INIBIOLP) "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner", Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata, National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Av. 60 y Av. 120 La Plata, Argentina.
- National University of La Plata, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Av. 60 y Av. 120 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Mariano A Ostuni
- UMR-S1134, Integrated Biology of Red Blood Cells, INSERM, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, University of La Réunion, University of Antilles, F-75015 Paris, France.
- National Institute of Blood Transfusion (INTS), Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, F-75015 Paris, France.
| | - Pablo J Schwarzbaum
- Institute of Biological Chemistry and Physicochemistry (IQUIFIB) "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini", Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Junín 956 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Chair of Biological Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Junín 956 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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10
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Zhong AH, Gordon Jiang Z, Cummings RD, Robson SC. Various N-glycoforms differentially upregulate E-NTPDase activity of the NTPDase3/CD39L3 ecto-enzymatic domain. Purinergic Signal 2017; 13:601-609. [PMID: 28956227 PMCID: PMC5714850 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-017-9587-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The GDA1/CD39 ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) superfamily is a group of eight heavily glycosylated ecto-enzymes that hydrolyze extracellular nucleosides di- and tri-phosphates in the presence of divalent cations, to generate the monophosphate derivatives. This catalytic process differentially regulates a complex array of purinergic signaling responses. NTPDase3/CD39L3is dominantly expressed in pancreatic islet cells, where it may regulate insulin secretion, and has seven N-linked glycosylation sites with four close to five highly conserved domains called "apyrase conserved regions" (ACRs). In a manner similar to CD39, NTPDase3/CD39L3 uses ATP as its preferential substrate and also possesses significant activities toward other triphosphate and diphosphate nucleosides. To understand the mechanism of the ecto-NTPDase activity and substrate specificity, potentially impacted by N-glycans, we have generated soluble enzymatic domains of NTPDase3/CD39L3 in human embryotic kidney cells with four different glycan modifications. These include mannose5-9 glycans with kifunesine treatment, single GlcNAc-Asn by treatment with EndoH, de-glycosylated form by treatment with PNGaseF, and wild-type glycans. Our functional data indicate that the non-glycosylated NTPDase3/CD39L3 ecto-enzymatic domain retains activity, but that N-glycan attachments, such as the GlcNAc-Asn, substantially upregulate specific NTPDase activity by 2-20 fold. Both the Vmax and the Km on di- or tri-phosphate nucleosides are substantially and differentially altered by the glycan attachments. Structural modeling analysis based on putative structures derived from bacterial-originated CD39 domain proteins suggests that N-glycan modifications at Asn149 next to ACR2 and/or Asn454, N-terminal to ACR5 have critical roles in regulating the catalytic pocket of NTPDase3/CD39L3. Our data provide both new insights into the enzymatic mechanisms of NTPDase family members and further evidence that N-glycans directly modulate functional ectonucleotidase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander H Zhong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Harvard Medical School (HMS), Harvard University, Office E/CLS 612, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Z Gordon Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Harvard Medical School (HMS), Harvard University, Office E/CLS 612, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Harvard Medical School (HMS), Harvard University, Office E/CLS 612, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Glycobiology, Department of Surgery at BIDMC, HMS Center for Glycobiology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon C Robson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) and Harvard Medical School (HMS), Harvard University, Office E/CLS 612, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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11
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Agca Y, Qian S, Agca C, Seye CI. Direct Evidence for P2Y2 Receptor Involvement in Vascular Response to Injury. J Vasc Res 2016; 53:163-171. [PMID: 27723650 DOI: 10.1159/000449059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Extracellular nucleotide release at the site of arterial injury mediates the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. Our aim was to investigate the role of the P2Y2 nucleotide receptor (P2Y2R) in neointimal hyperplasia. Approach and Results: Vascular injury was induced by the implantation of a polyethylene cuff around the femoral artery in wild-type and P2Y2R-deficient mice (P2Y2R-/-). Electron microscopy was used to analyze monocyte and lymphocyte influx to the intima 36 h after injury. Compared to wild-type littermates, P2Y2R-/- mice exhibited a 3-fold decreased number of mononuclear leukocytes invading the intima (p < 0.05). Concomitantly, the migration of smooth muscle cells was decreased by more than 60% (p < 0.05), resulting in a sharp inhibition of intimal thickening formation in P2Y2R-/- mice (n = 15) 14 days after cuff placement. In vitro, loss of P2Y2R significantly impaired monocyte migration in response to nucleotide agonists. Furthermore, transgenic rats overexpressing the P2Y2R developed accelerated intimal lesions resulting in more than 95% luminal stenosis (p < 0.05, n = 10). CONCLUSIONS Loss- and gain-of-function approaches established direct evidence for P2Y2R involvement in neointimal hyperplasia. Specific anti-P2Y2R therapies may be used against restenosis and bypass graft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuksel Agca
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mont., USA
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12
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Biochemical characterization of Arabidopsis APYRASE family reveals their roles in regulating endomembrane NDP/NMP homoeostasis. Biochem J 2015; 472:43-54. [PMID: 26338998 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Plant apyrases are nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) and have been implicated in an array of functions within the plant including the regulation of extracellular ATP. Arabidopsis encodes a family of seven membrane bound apyrases (AtAPY1-7) that comprise three distinct clades, all of which contain the five conserved apyrase domains. With the exception of AtAPY1 and AtAPY2, the biochemical and the sub-cellular characterization of the other members are currently unavailable. In this research, we have shown all seven Arabidopsis apyrases localize to internal membranes comprising the cis-Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and endosome, indicating an endo-apyrase classification for the entire family. In addition, all members, with the exception of AtAPY7, can function as endo-apyrases by complementing a yeast double mutant (Δynd1Δgda1) which lacks apyrase activity. Interestingly, complementation of the mutant yeast using well characterized human apyrases could only be accomplished by using a functional ER endo-apyrase (NTPDase6), but not the ecto-apyrase (NTPDase1). Furthermore, the substrate specificity analysis for the Arabidopsis apyrases AtAPY1-6 indicated that each member has a distinct set of preferred substrates covering various NDPs (nucleoside diphosphates) and NTPs. Combining the biochemical analysis and sub-cellular localization of the Arabidopsis apyrases family, the data suggest their possible roles in regulating endomembrane NDP/NMP (nucleoside monophosphate) homoeostasis.
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13
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Deeb SJ, Cox J, Schmidt-Supprian M, Mann M. N-linked glycosylation enrichment for in-depth cell surface proteomics of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtypes. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 13:240-51. [PMID: 24190977 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.033977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Global analysis of lymphoma genome integrity and transcriptomes tremendously advanced our understanding of their biology. Technological advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomics promise to complete the picture by allowing the global quantification of proteins and their post-translational modifications. Here we use N-glyco FASP, a recently developed mass spectrometric approach using lectin-enrichment, in conjunction with a super-SILAC approach to quantify N-linked glycoproteins in lymphoma cells. From patient-derived diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell lines, we mapped 2383 glycosites on 1321 protein groups, which were highly enriched for cell membrane proteins. This N-glyco subproteome alone allowed the segregation of the ABC from the GCB subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, which before gene expression studies had been considered one disease entity. Encouragingly, many of the glycopeptides driving the segregation belong to proteins previously characterized as segregators in a deep proteome study of these subtypes (S. J. Deeb et al. MCP 2012 PMID 22442255). This conforms to the high correlation that we observed between the expression level of the glycosites and their corresponding proteins. Detailed examination of glycosites and glycoprotein expression levels uncovered, among other interesting findings, enrichment of transcription factor binding motifs, including known NF-kappa-B related ones. Thus, enrichment of a class of post-translationally modified peptides can classify cancer types as well as reveal cancer specific mechanistic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally J Deeb
- Proteomics and Signal Transduction Department, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany
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14
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Zimmermann H, Zebisch M, Sträter N. Cellular function and molecular structure of ecto-nucleotidases. Purinergic Signal 2012; 8:437-502. [PMID: 22555564 PMCID: PMC3360096 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-012-9309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 763] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecto-nucleotidases play a pivotal role in purinergic signal transmission. They hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides and thus can control their availability at purinergic P2 receptors. They generate extracellular nucleosides for cellular reuptake and salvage via nucleoside transporters of the plasma membrane. The extracellular adenosine formed acts as an agonist of purinergic P1 receptors. They also can produce and hydrolyze extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate that is of major relevance in the control of bone mineralization. This review discusses and compares four major groups of ecto-nucleotidases: the ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases, ecto-5'-nucleotidase, ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases, and alkaline phosphatases. Only recently and based on crystal structures, detailed information regarding the spatial structures and catalytic mechanisms has become available for members of these four ecto-nucleotidase families. This permits detailed predictions of their catalytic mechanisms and a comparison between the individual enzyme groups. The review focuses on the principal biochemical, cell biological, catalytic, and structural properties of the enzymes and provides brief reference to tissue distribution, and physiological and pathophysiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Zimmermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Biologicum, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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15
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Kirley TL, Crawford PA, Smith TM. The structure of the nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) as revealed by mutagenic and computational modeling analyses. Purinergic Signal 2011; 2:379-89. [PMID: 17710224 PMCID: PMC1950141 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-005-5301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last seven years our laboratory has focused on the determination of the structural aspects of nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) using site-directed mutagenesis and computational comparative protein modeling to generate hypotheses and models for the hydrolytic site and enzymatic mechanism of the family of NTPDase nucleotidases. This review summarizes these studies utilizing NTPDase3 (also known as CD39L3 and HB6), an NTPDase family member that is intermediate in its characteristics between the more widely distributed and studied NTPDase1 (also known as CD39) and NTPDase2 (also known as CD39L1 and ecto-ATPase) enzymes. Relevant site-directed mutagenesis studies of other NTPDases are also discussed and compared to NTPDase3 results. It is anticipated that many of the results and conclusions reached via studies of NTPDase3 will be relevant to understanding the structure and enzymatic mechanism of all the cell-surface members of this family (NTPDase1–3, 8), and that understanding these NTPDase enzymes will aid in modulating the many varied processes under purinergic signaling control. This review also integrates the site-directed mutagenesis results with a recent 3-D structural model for the extracellular portion of NTPDases that helps explain the importance of the apyrase conserved regions (ACRs) of the NTPDases. Utilizing this model and published work from Dr Guidotti’s laboratory concerning the importance and characteristics of the two transmembrane helices and their movements in response to substrate, we present a speculative cartoon model of the enzymatic mechanism of the membrane-bound NTPDases that integrates movements of the extracellular region required for catalysis with movements of the N- and C-terminal transmembrane helices that are important for control and modulation of enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence L. Kirley
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0575 USA
| | - Patrick A. Crawford
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0575 USA
| | - Thomas M. Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Wyeth Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts USA
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16
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Papanikolaou A, Papafotika A, Christoforidis S. CD39 Reveals Novel Insights into the Role of Transmembrane Domains in Protein Processing, Apical Targeting and Activity. Traffic 2011; 12:1148-65. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01224.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Knowles AF. The GDA1_CD39 superfamily: NTPDases with diverse functions. Purinergic Signal 2011; 7:21-45. [PMID: 21484095 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-010-9214-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The first comprehensive review of the ubiquitous "ecto-ATPases" by Plesner was published in 1995. A year later, a lymphoid cell activation antigen, CD39, that had been cloned previously, was shown to be an ecto-ATPase. A family of proteins, related to CD39 and a yeast GDPase, all containing the canonical apyrase conserved regions in their polypeptides, soon started to expand. They are now recognized as members of the GDA1_CD39 protein family. Because proteins in this family hydrolyze nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates, a unifying nomenclature, nucleoside triphosphate diphopshohydrolases (NTPDases), was established in 2000. Membrane-bound NTPDases are either located on the cell surface or membranes of intracellular organelles. Soluble NTPDases exist in the cytosol and may be secreted. In the last 15 years, molecular cloning and functional expression have facilitated biochemical characterization of NTPDases of many organisms, culminating in the recent structural determination of the ecto-domain of a mammalian cell surface NTPDase and a bacterial NTPDase. The first goal of this review is to summarize the biochemical, mutagenesis, and structural studies of the NTPDases. Because of their ability in hydrolyzing extracellular nucleotides, the mammalian cell surface NTPDases (the ecto-NTPDases) which regulate purinergic signaling have received the most attention. Less appreciated are the functions of intracellular NTPDases and NTPDases of other organisms, e.g., bacteria, parasites, Drosophila, plants, etc. The second goal of this review is to summarize recent findings which demonstrate the involvement of the NTPDases in multiple and diverse physiological processes: pathogen-host interaction, plant growth, eukaryote cell protein and lipid glycosylation, eye development, and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen F Knowles
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-1030, USA,
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18
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YÉPEZ-MULIA L, HERNÁNDEZ-BELLO R, ARIZMENDI-PUGA N, FONSECA-LIÑÁN R, ORTEGA-PIERRES G. Contributions to the study of Trichinella spiralis TSL-1 antigens in host immunity. Parasite Immunol 2007; 29:661-70. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2007.00985.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Kittel A, Sperlágh B, Pelletier J, Sévigny J, Kirley TL. Transient changes in the localization and activity of ecto-nucleotidases in rat hippocampus following lipopolysaccharide treatment. Int J Dev Neurosci 2007; 25:275-82. [PMID: 17576046 PMCID: PMC5239665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2007.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2007] [Revised: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentrations of extracellularly released nucleotides are controlled by metabolism via ecto-nucleotidases, but the precise physiological roles of the ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases in the modulation of purinergic receptor signalling are still unclear. Bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment (administered intraperitoneally, 2 mg/kg body weight) of rats resulted in no significant changes in the overall ecto-nucleotidase activities of the hippocampus, however, LPS treatment did cause transient changes in the morphology of endothelial cells and pericytes and in the localization pattern of ecto-ATPase activity in rat hippocampus. The transient decrease in NTPDase1 (ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase1) activity, located on the luminal side of the endothelial cells, was balanced by increases in ecto-nucleotidase activities in pericytes and at other sites, consistent with an unchanged overall ecto-ATPase activity of the hippocampus. Since the transient loss of NTPDase1 activity was not accompanied by a loss of NTPDase1 protein, we hypothesize that LPS caused transient alterations in the lipid membranes, since NTPDase1 activity is known to be sensitive to changes in membrane structure via its transmembrane domains. After 2-3 days, the LPS-induced changes in cell morphology and ecto-nucleotidase localization disappeared. We conclude that a low dose of LPS causes transient changes in the localization pattern of ecto-nucleotidases in endothelial cells and pericytes, which, coupled with the observed cellular morphological changes, may indicate modified cellular signalling in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Kittel
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Linden
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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21
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Invited Lectures : Overviews Purinergic signalling: past, present and future. Purinergic Signal 2006; 2:1-324. [PMID: 18404494 PMCID: PMC2096525 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-006-9006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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22
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Massé K, Eason R, Bhamra S, Dale N, Jones EA. Comparative genomic and expression analysis of the conserved NTPDase gene family in Xenopus. Genomics 2006; 87:366-81. [PMID: 16380227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2005.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2005] [Revised: 10/17/2005] [Accepted: 11/09/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purines, ATP and adenosine, are important signaling molecules in the nervous system. ATP is sequentially degraded to adenosine by the ectonucleotidase proteins. The NTPDase (or CD39) family is a subfamily of these enzymes, which consists of nine members in mammals. In Xenopus embryos, we have shown that ATP, and its antagonist adenosine, regulate the rundown of swimming and we therefore proposed that ectonucleotidase proteins are key regulators of locomotor activity. Here, we report the cloning of all nine members of the NTPDase family in Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis. Our phylogenetic analysis shows that this family is highly conserved between the frog species and also during vertebrate evolution. In the adult frog, NTPDase genes are broadly expressed. During development, all NTPDase genes, except for NTPDase8, are expressed and display a distinct specific expression pattern, suggesting potentially different functions of these proteins during embryogenesis of X. laevis.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Apyrase/genetics
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/isolation & purification
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/embryology
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Genomics/methods
- In Situ Hybridization
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Male
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Multigene Family/genetics
- Phylogeny
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Time Factors
- Xenopus/embryology
- Xenopus/genetics
- Xenopus/growth & development
- Xenopus Proteins/genetics
- Xenopus laevis/embryology
- Xenopus laevis/genetics
- Xenopus laevis/growth & development
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Massé
- Department of Biological Sciences, Warwick University, Coventry, CV47AL, UK
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