1
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Vue Z, Murphy A, Le H, Neikirk K, Garza-Lopez E, Marshall AG, Mungai M, Jenkins B, Vang L, Beasley HK, Ezedimma M, Manus S, Whiteside A, Forni MF, Harris C, Crabtree A, Albritton CF, Jamison S, Demirci M, Prasad P, Oliver A, Actkins KV, Shao J, Zaganjor E, Scudese E, Rodriguez B, Koh A, Rabago I, Moore JE, Nguyen D, Aftab M, Kirk B, Li Y, Wandira N, Ahmad T, Saleem M, Kadam A, Katti P, Koh HJ, Evans C, Koo YD, Wang E, Smith Q, Tomar D, Williams CR, Sweetwyne MT, Quintana AM, Phillips MA, Hubert D, Kirabo A, Dash C, Jadiya P, Kinder A, Ajijola OA, Miller-Fleming TW, McReynolds MR, Hinton A. MICOS Complex Loss Governs Age-Associated Murine Mitochondrial Architecture and Metabolism in the Liver, While Sam50 Dictates Diet Changes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.20.599846. [PMID: 38979162 PMCID: PMC11230271 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.20.599846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The liver, the largest internal organ and a metabolic hub, undergoes significant declines due to aging, affecting mitochondrial function and increasing the risk of systemic liver diseases. How the mitochondrial three-dimensional (3D) structure changes in the liver across aging, and the biological mechanisms regulating such changes confers remain unclear. In this study, we employed Serial Block Face-Scanning Electron Microscopy (SBF-SEM) to achieve high-resolution 3D reconstructions of murine liver mitochondria to observe diverse phenotypes and structural alterations that occur with age, marked by a reduction in size and complexity. We also show concomitant metabolomic and lipidomic changes in aged samples. Aged human samples reflected altered disease risk. To find potential regulators of this change, we examined the Mitochondrial Contact Site and Cristae Organizing System (MICOS) complex, which plays a crucial role in maintaining mitochondrial architecture. We observe that the MICOS complex is lost during aging, but not Sam50. Sam50 is a component of the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) complex that acts in tandem with the MICOS complex to modulate cristae morphology. In murine models subjected to a high-fat diet, there is a marked depletion of the mitochondrial protein SAM50. This reduction in Sam50 expression may heighten the susceptibility to liver disease, as our human biobank studies corroborate that Sam50 plays a genetically regulated role in the predisposition to multiple liver diseases. We further show that changes in mitochondrial calcium dysregulation and oxidative stress accompany the disruption of the MICOS complex. Together, we establish that a decrease in mitochondrial complexity and dysregulated metabolism occur with murine liver aging. While these changes are partially be regulated by age-related loss of the MICOS complex, the confluence of a murine high-fat diet can also cause loss of Sam50, which contributes to liver diseases. In summary, our study reveals potential regulators that affect age-related changes in mitochondrial structure and metabolism, which can be targeted in future therapeutic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zer Vue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Alexandria Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801
| | - Han Le
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Edgar Garza-Lopez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Andrea G. Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Margaret Mungai
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Brenita Jenkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801
| | - Larry Vang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Heather K. Beasley
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Mariaassumpta Ezedimma
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Sasha Manus
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Aaron Whiteside
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Maria Fernanda Forni
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Chanel Harris
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208-3501, USA
| | - Amber Crabtree
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Claude F. Albritton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208-3501, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sydney Jamison
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mert Demirci
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Praveena Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801
| | - Ashton Oliver
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ky’Era V. Actkins
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Jianqiang Shao
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Elma Zaganjor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Estevão Scudese
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Benjamin Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Alice Koh
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Izabella Rabago
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Johnathan E. Moore
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Desiree Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Muhammad Aftab
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Benjamin Kirk
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Yahang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Nelson Wandira
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Taseer Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab,40100, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ashlesha Kadam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
| | - Prasanna Katti
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, AP, 517619, India
| | - Ho-Jin Koh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Chantell Evans
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Young Do Koo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA1
| | - Eric Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Quinton Smith
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab,40100, Pakistan
| | - Clintoria R. Williams
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435 USA
| | - Mariya T. Sweetwyne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Anita M. Quintana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Mark A. Phillips
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - David Hubert
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Chandravanu Dash
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Pooja Jadiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - André Kinder
- Artur Sá Earp Neto University Center – UNIFASE-FMP, Petrópolis Medical School, Brazil
| | - Olujimi A. Ajijola
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tyne W. Miller-Fleming
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Melanie R. McReynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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2
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den Brave F, Schulte U, Fakler B, Pfanner N, Becker T. Mitochondrial complexome and import network. Trends Cell Biol 2024; 34:578-594. [PMID: 37914576 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria perform crucial functions in cellular metabolism, protein and lipid biogenesis, quality control, and signaling. The systematic analysis of protein complexes and interaction networks provided exciting insights into the structural and functional organization of mitochondria. Most mitochondrial proteins do not act as independent units, but are interconnected by stable or dynamic protein-protein interactions. Protein translocases are responsible for importing precursor proteins into mitochondria and form central elements of several protein interaction networks. These networks include molecular chaperones and quality control factors, metabolite channels and respiratory chain complexes, and membrane and organellar contact sites. Protein translocases link the distinct networks into an overarching network, the mitochondrial import network (MitimNet), to coordinate biogenesis, membrane organization and function of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian den Brave
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Uwe Schulte
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Fakler
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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3
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Kumar A, Gok MO, Nguyen KN, Connor OM, Reese ML, Wideman JG, Muñoz-Gómez SA, Friedman JR. A dynamin superfamily-like pseudoenzyme coordinates with MICOS to promote cristae architecture. Curr Biol 2024; 34:2606-2622.e9. [PMID: 38692277 PMCID: PMC11187654 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial cristae architecture is crucial for optimal respiratory function of the organelle. Cristae shape is maintained in part by the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex. While MICOS is required for normal cristae morphology, the precise mechanistic role of each of the seven human MICOS subunits, and how the complex coordinates with other cristae-shaping factors, has not been fully determined. Here, we examine the MICOS complex in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a minimal model whose genome only encodes for four core subunits. Using an unbiased proteomics approach, we identify a poorly characterized inner mitochondrial membrane protein that interacts with MICOS and is required to maintain cristae morphology, which we name Mmc1. We demonstrate that Mmc1 works in concert with MICOS to promote normal mitochondrial morphology and respiratory function. Mmc1 is a distant relative of the dynamin superfamily of proteins (DSPs), GTPases, which are well established to shape and remodel membranes. Similar to DSPs, Mmc1 self-associates and forms high-molecular-weight assemblies. Interestingly, however, Mmc1 is a pseudoenzyme that lacks key residues required for GTP binding and hydrolysis, suggesting that it does not dynamically remodel membranes. These data are consistent with the model that Mmc1 stabilizes cristae architecture by acting as a scaffold to support cristae ultrastructure on the matrix side of the inner membrane. Our study reveals a new class of proteins that evolved early in fungal phylogeny and is required for the maintenance of cristae architecture. This highlights the possibility that functionally analogous proteins work with MICOS to establish cristae morphology in metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mehmet Oguz Gok
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kailey N Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Olivia M Connor
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael L Reese
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jeremy G Wideman
- Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Sergio A Muñoz-Gómez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jonathan R Friedman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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4
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Shao B, Killion M, Oliver A, Vang C, Zeleke F, Neikirk K, Vue Z, Garza-Lopez E, Shao JQ, Mungai M, Lam J, Williams Q, Altamura CT, Whiteside A, Kabugi K, McKenzie J, Ezedimma M, Le H, Koh A, Scudese E, Vang L, Marshall AG, Crabtree A, Tanghal JI, Stephens D, Koh HJ, Jenkins BC, Murray SA, Cooper AT, Williams C, Damo SM, McReynolds MR, Gaddy JA, Wanjalla CN, Beasley HK, Hinton A. Ablation of Sam50 is associated with fragmentation and alterations in metabolism in murine and human myotubes. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38770789 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) Complex is responsible for assembling β-barrel proteins in the mitochondrial membrane. Comprising three subunits, Sam35, Sam37, and Sam50, the SAM complex connects the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes by interacting with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system complex. Sam50, in particular, stabilizes the mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging (MIB) complex, which is crucial for protein transport, respiratory chain complex assembly, and regulation of cristae integrity. While the role of Sam50 in mitochondrial structure and metabolism in skeletal muscle remains unclear, this study aims to investigate its impact. Serial block-face-scanning electron microscopy and computer-assisted 3D renderings were employed to compare mitochondrial structure and networking in Sam50-deficient myotubes from mice and humans with wild-type (WT) myotubes. Furthermore, autophagosome 3D structure was assessed in human myotubes. Mitochondrial metabolic phenotypes were assessed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-based metabolomics to explore differential changes in WT and Sam50-deficient myotubes. The results revealed increased mitochondrial fragmentation and autophagosome formation in Sam50-deficient myotubes compared to controls. Metabolomic analysis indicated elevated metabolism of propanoate and several amino acids, including ß-Alanine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, along with increased amino acid and fatty acid metabolism in Sam50-deficient myotubes. Furthermore, impairment of oxidative capacity was observed upon Sam50 ablation in both murine and human myotubes, as measured with the XF24 Seahorse Analyzer. Collectively, these findings support the critical role of Sam50 in establishing and maintaining mitochondrial integrity, cristae structure, and mitochondrial metabolism. By elucidating the impact of Sam50-deficiency, this study enhances our understanding of mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryanna Shao
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mason Killion
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ashton Oliver
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Chia Vang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Faben Zeleke
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Zer Vue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Edgar Garza-Lopez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jian-Qiang Shao
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Margaret Mungai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jacob Lam
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Qiana Williams
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christopher T Altamura
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Aaron Whiteside
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Kinuthia Kabugi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jessica McKenzie
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Maria Ezedimma
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Han Le
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alice Koh
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Estevão Scudese
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Larry Vang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Andrea G Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Amber Crabtree
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Dominique Stephens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ho-Jin Koh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Brenita C Jenkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sandra A Murray
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anthonya T Cooper
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Clintoria Williams
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA
| | - Steven M Damo
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Melanie R McReynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer A Gaddy
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare Systems, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Celestine N Wanjalla
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Heather K Beasley
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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5
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Benning FMC, Bell TA, Nguyen TH, Syau D, Connell LB, daCosta CJB, Chao LH. Ancestral sequence reconstruction of Mic60 reveals a residue signature supporting respiration in yeast. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.26.591372. [PMID: 38746426 PMCID: PMC11092495 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.26.591372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, the essential process of cellular respiration takes place in the cristae of mitochondria. The protein Mic60 is known to stabilize crista junctions; however, how the C-terminal Mitofilin domain of Mic60 mediates cristae-supported respiration remains elusive. Here, we used ancestral sequence reconstruction to generate Mitofilin ancestors up to and including the last opisthokont common ancestor (LOCA). We found that yeast-lineage derived Mitofilin ancestors as far back as the LOCA rescue respiration. By comparing Mitofilin ancestors with different respiratory phenotypes, we identify four residues that explain the difference between respiration functional yeast- and non-functional animal-derived common Mitofilin ancestors. Our results imply that Mitofilin-supported respiration in yeast stems from a conserved mechanism, and provide a foundation for investigating the divergence of candidate crista junction interactions present during the emergence of eukaryotes.
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6
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Dong J, Chen L, Ye F, Tang J, Liu B, Lin J, Zhou PH, Lu B, Wu M, Lu JH, He JJ, Engelender S, Meng Q, Song Z, He H. Mic19 depletion impairs endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contacts and mitochondrial lipid metabolism and triggers liver disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:168. [PMID: 38168065 PMCID: PMC10762189 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria contacts are critical for the regulation of lipid transport, synthesis, and metabolism. However, the molecular mechanism and physiological function of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contacts remain unclear. Here, we show that Mic19, a key subunit of MICOS (mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system) complex, regulates ER-mitochondria contacts by the EMC2-SLC25A46-Mic19 axis. Mic19 liver specific knockout (LKO) leads to the reduction of ER-mitochondrial contacts, mitochondrial lipid metabolism disorder, disorganization of mitochondrial cristae and mitochondrial unfolded protein stress response in mouse hepatocytes, impairing liver mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation and lipid metabolism, which may spontaneously trigger nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis in mice. Whereas, the re-expression of Mic19 in Mic19 LKO hepatocytes blocks the development of liver disease in mice. In addition, Mic19 overexpression suppresses MCD-induced fatty liver disease. Thus, our findings uncover the EMC2-SLC25A46-Mic19 axis as a pathway regulating ER-mitochondria contacts, and reveal that impairment of ER-mitochondria contacts may be a mechanism associated with the development of NASH and liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dong
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Ye
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junhui Tang
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiacheng Lin
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Pang-Hu Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Min Wu
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia-Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jing-Jing He
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Simone Engelender
- Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Qingtao Meng
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyin Song
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Department of pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - He He
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Department of pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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7
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Shao B, Killion M, Oliver A, Vang C, Zeleke F, Neikirk K, Vue Z, Garza-Lopez E, Shao JQ, Mungai M, Lam J, Williams Q, Altamura CT, Whiteside A, Kabugi K, McKenzie J, Koh A, Scudese E, Vang L, Marshall AG, Crabtree A, Tanghal JI, Stephens D, Koh HJ, Jenkins BC, Murray SA, Cooper AT, Williams C, Damo SM, McReynolds MR, Gaddy JA, Wanjalla CN, Beasley HK, Hinton A. Ablation of Sam50 is associated with fragmentation and alterations in metabolism in murine and human myotubes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.20.541602. [PMID: 37292887 PMCID: PMC10245823 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.20.541602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Sorting and Assembly Machinery (SAM) Complex is responsible for assembling β-barrel proteins in the mitochondrial membrane. Comprising three subunits, Sam35, Sam37, and Sam50, the SAM complex connects the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes by interacting with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex. Sam50, in particular, stabilizes the mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging (MIB) complex, which is crucial for protein transport, respiratory chain complex assembly, and regulation of cristae integrity. While the role of Sam50 in mitochondrial structure and metabolism in skeletal muscle remains unclear, this study aims to investigate its impact. Serial block-face-scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) and computer-assisted 3D renderings were employed to compare mitochondrial structure and networking in Sam50-deficient myotubes from mice and humans with wild-type (WT) myotubes. Furthermore, autophagosome 3D structure was assessed in human myotubes. Mitochondrial metabolic phenotypes were assessed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-based metabolomics to explore differential changes in WT and Sam50-deficient myotubes. The results revealed increased mitochondrial fragmentation and autophagosome formation in Sam50-deficient myotubes compared to controls. Metabolomic analysis indicated elevated metabolism of propanoate and several amino acids, including ß-Alanine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine, along with increased amino acid and fatty acid metabolism in Sam50-deficient myotubes. Furthermore, impairment of oxidative capacity was observed upon Sam50 ablation in both murine and human myotubes, as measured with the XF24 Seahorse Analyzer. Collectively, these findings support the critical role of Sam50 in establishing and maintaining mitochondrial integrity, cristae structure, and mitochondrial metabolism. By elucidating the impact of Sam50-deficiency, this study enhances our understanding of mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryanna Shao
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Mason Killion
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ashton Oliver
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Chia Vang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Faben Zeleke
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Zer Vue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Edgar Garza-Lopez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jian-Qiang Shao
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Margaret Mungai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jacob Lam
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Qiana Williams
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Christopher T Altamura
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Aaron Whiteside
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435 USA
| | - Kinuthia Kabugi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Jessica McKenzie
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Alice Koh
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Estevão Scudese
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Larry Vang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Andrea G Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Amber Crabtree
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | | - Dominique Stephens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ho-Jin Koh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209
| | - Brenita C Jenkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Sandra A Murray
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Anthonya T Cooper
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Clintoria Williams
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435 USA
| | - Steven M Damo
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA
| | - Melanie R McReynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Jennifer A Gaddy
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare Systems, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, 37212, USA
| | - Celestine N Wanjalla
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Heather K Beasley
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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8
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Kumar A, Gok MO, Nguyen KN, Reese ML, Wideman JG, Muñoz-Gómez SA, Friedman JR. A DRP-like pseudoenzyme coordinates with MICOS to promote cristae architecture. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.03.560745. [PMID: 37873150 PMCID: PMC10592917 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.03.560745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial cristae architecture is crucial for optimal respiratory function of the organelle. Cristae shape is maintained in part by the mitochondrial inner membrane-localized MICOS complex. While MICOS is required for normal cristae morphology, the precise mechanistic role of each of the seven human MICOS subunits, and how the complex coordinates with other cristae shaping factors, has not been fully determined. Here, we examine the MICOS complex in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a minimal model whose genome only encodes for four core subunits. Using an unbiased proteomics approach, we identify a poorly characterized inner mitochondrial membrane protein that interacts with MICOS and is required to maintain cristae morphology, which we name Mmc1. We demonstrate that Mmc1 works in concert with MICOS complexes to promote normal mitochondrial morphology and respiratory function. Bioinformatic analyses reveal that Mmc1 is a distant relative of the Dynamin-Related Protein (DRP) family of GTPases, which are well established to shape and remodel membranes. We find that, like DRPs, Mmc1 self-associates and forms high molecular weight assemblies. Interestingly, however, Mmc1 is a pseudoenzyme that lacks key residues required for GTP binding and hydrolysis, suggesting it does not dynamically remodel membranes. These data are consistent with a model in which Mmc1 stabilizes cristae architecture by acting as a scaffold to support cristae ultrastructure on the matrix side of the inner membrane. Our study reveals a new class of proteins that evolved early in fungal phylogeny and is required for the maintenance of cristae architecture. This highlights the possibility that functionally analogous proteins work with MICOS to establish cristae morphology in metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Mehmet Oguz Gok
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Kailey N. Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Michael L. Reese
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jeremy G. Wideman
- Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
| | | | - Jonathan R. Friedman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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9
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Ježek P, Jabůrek M, Holendová B, Engstová H, Dlasková A. Mitochondrial Cristae Morphology Reflecting Metabolism, Superoxide Formation, Redox Homeostasis, and Pathology. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 39:635-683. [PMID: 36793196 PMCID: PMC10615093 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Mitochondrial (mt) reticulum network in the cell possesses amazing ultramorphology of parallel lamellar cristae, formed by the invaginated inner mitochondrial membrane. Its non-invaginated part, the inner boundary membrane (IBM) forms a cylindrical sandwich with the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM). Crista membranes (CMs) meet IBM at crista junctions (CJs) of mt cristae organizing system (MICOS) complexes connected to OMM sorting and assembly machinery (SAM). Cristae dimensions, shape, and CJs have characteristic patterns for different metabolic regimes, physiological and pathological situations. Recent Advances: Cristae-shaping proteins were characterized, namely rows of ATP-synthase dimers forming the crista lamella edges, MICOS subunits, optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) isoforms and mitochondrial genome maintenance 1 (MGM1) filaments, prohibitins, and others. Detailed cristae ultramorphology changes were imaged by focused-ion beam/scanning electron microscopy. Dynamics of crista lamellae and mobile CJs were demonstrated by nanoscopy in living cells. With tBID-induced apoptosis a single entirely fused cristae reticulum was observed in a mitochondrial spheroid. Critical Issues: The mobility and composition of MICOS, OPA1, and ATP-synthase dimeric rows regulated by post-translational modifications might be exclusively responsible for cristae morphology changes, but ion fluxes across CM and resulting osmotic forces might be also involved. Inevitably, cristae ultramorphology should reflect also mitochondrial redox homeostasis, but details are unknown. Disordered cristae typically reflect higher superoxide formation. Future Directions: To link redox homeostasis to cristae ultramorphology and define markers, recent progress will help in uncovering mechanisms involved in proton-coupled electron transfer via the respiratory chain and in regulation of cristae architecture, leading to structural determination of superoxide formation sites and cristae ultramorphology changes in diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 39, 635-683.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Engstová
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Dlasková
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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10
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Ju WK, Perkins GA, Kim KY, Bastola T, Choi WY, Choi SH. Glaucomatous optic neuropathy: Mitochondrial dynamics, dysfunction and protection in retinal ganglion cells. Prog Retin Eye Res 2023; 95:101136. [PMID: 36400670 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and is characterized by a slow, progressive, and multifactorial degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, resulting in vision loss. Despite its high prevalence in individuals 60 years of age and older, the causing factors contributing to glaucoma progression are currently not well characterized. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only proven treatable risk factor. However, lowering IOP is insufficient for preventing disease progression. One of the significant interests in glaucoma pathogenesis is understanding the structural and functional impairment of mitochondria in RGCs and their axons and synapses. Glaucomatous risk factors such as IOP elevation, aging, genetic variation, neuroinflammation, neurotrophic factor deprivation, and vascular dysregulation, are potential inducers for mitochondrial dysfunction in glaucoma. Because oxidative phosphorylation stress-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with structural and functional impairment of mitochondria in glaucomatous RGCs, understanding the underlying mechanisms and relationship between structural and functional alterations in mitochondria would be beneficial to developing mitochondria-related neuroprotection in RGCs and their axons and synapses against glaucomatous neurodegeneration. Here, we review the current studies focusing on mitochondrial dynamics-based structural and functional alterations in the mitochondria of glaucomatous RGCs and therapeutic strategies to protect RGCs against glaucomatous neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Kyu Ju
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Guy A Perkins
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Keun-Young Kim
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Tonking Bastola
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Woo-Young Choi
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Department of Plastic Surgery, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwang-ju, South Korea
| | - Soo-Ho Choi
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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11
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ORP5/8 and MIB/MICOS link ER-mitochondria and intra-mitochondrial contacts for non-vesicular transport of phosphatidylserine. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111364. [PMID: 36130504 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles essential for cell survival whose structural and functional integrity rely on selective and regulated transport of lipids from/to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and across the mitochondrial intermembrane space. As they are not connected by vesicular transport, the exchange of lipids between ER and mitochondria occurs at membrane contact sites. However, the mechanisms and proteins involved in these processes are only beginning to emerge. Here, we show that the main physiological localization of the lipid transfer proteins ORP5 and ORP8 is at mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) subdomains, physically linked to the mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging (MIB)/mitochondrial contact sites and cristae junction organizing system (MICOS) complexes that bridge the two mitochondrial membranes. We also show that ORP5/ORP8 mediate non-vesicular transport of phosphatidylserine (PS) lipids from the ER to mitochondria by cooperating with the MIB/MICOS complexes. Overall our study reveals a physical and functional link between ER-mitochondria contacts involved in lipid transfer and intra-mitochondrial membrane contacts maintained by the MIB/MICOS complexes.
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12
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Warnsmann V, Marschall LM, Meeßen AC, Wolters M, Schürmanns L, Basoglu M, Eimer S, Osiewacz HD. Disruption of the MICOS complex leads to an aberrant cristae structure and an unexpected, pronounced lifespan extension in Podospora anserina. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1306-1326. [PMID: 35616269 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic eukaryotic organelles involved in a variety of essential cellular processes including the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species as well as in the control of apoptosis and autophagy. Impairments of mitochondrial functions lead to aging and disease. Previous work with the ascomycete Podospora anserina demonstrated that mitochondrial morphotype as well as mitochondrial ultrastructure change during aging. The latter goes along with an age-dependent reorganization of the inner mitochondrial membrane leading to a change from lamellar cristae to vesicular structures. Particularly from studies with yeast, it is known that besides the F1 Fo -ATP-synthase and the phospholipid cardiolipin also the "mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system" (MICOS) complex, existing of the Mic60- and Mic10-subcomplex, is essential for proper cristae formation. In the present study, we aimed to understand the mechanistic basis of age-related changes in the mitochondrial ultrastructure. We observed that MICOS subunits are coregulated at the posttranscriptional level. This regulation partially depends on the mitochondrial iAAA-protease PaIAP. Most surprisingly, we made the counterintuitive observation that, despite the loss of lamellar cristae and of mitochondrial impairments, the ablation of MICOS subunits (except for PaMIC12) leads to a pronounced lifespan extension. Moreover, simultaneous ablation of subunits of both MICOS subcomplexes synergistically increases lifespan, providing formal genetic evidence that both subcomplexes affect lifespan by different and at least partially independent pathways. At the molecular level, we found that ablation of Mic10-subcomplex components leads to a mitohormesis-induced lifespan extension, while lifespan extension of Mic60-subcomplex mutants seems to be controlled by pathways involved in the control of phospholipid homeostasis. Overall, our data demonstrate that both MICOS subcomplexes have different functions and play distinct roles in the aging process of P. anserina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Warnsmann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lisa-Marie Marschall
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anja C Meeßen
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maike Wolters
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lea Schürmanns
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marion Basoglu
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Eimer
- Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Heinz D Osiewacz
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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13
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Rampelt H, Wollweber F, Licheva M, de Boer R, Perschil I, Steidle L, Becker T, Bohnert M, van der Klei I, Kraft C, van der Laan M, Pfanner N. Dual role of Mic10 in mitochondrial cristae organization and ATP synthase-linked metabolic adaptation and respiratory growth. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110290. [PMID: 35081352 PMCID: PMC8810396 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Invaginations of the mitochondrial inner membrane, termed cristae, are hubs for oxidative phosphorylation. The mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) and the dimeric F1Fo-ATP synthase play important roles in controlling cristae architecture. A fraction of the MICOS core subunit Mic10 is found in association with the ATP synthase, yet it is unknown whether this interaction is of relevance for mitochondrial or cellular functions. Here, we established conditions to selectively study the role of Mic10 at the ATP synthase. Mic10 variants impaired in MICOS functions stimulate ATP synthase oligomerization like wild-type Mic10 and promote efficient inner membrane energization, adaptation to non-fermentable carbon sources, and respiratory growth. Mic10's functions in respiratory growth largely depend on Mic10ATPsynthase, not on Mic10MICOS. We conclude that Mic10 plays a dual role as core subunit of MICOS and as partner of the F1Fo-ATP synthase, serving distinct functions in cristae shaping and respiratory adaptation and growth. Dual role of Mic10 of mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) Mic10 binds to mitochondrial ATP synthase and stabilizes higher order assemblies Oligomerization of Mic10 is required for its function in MICOS, not at ATP synthase Mic10 binding to ATP synthase supports metabolic adaptation and respiratory growth
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Rampelt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Florian Wollweber
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, PZMS, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Mariya Licheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rinse de Boer
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9700 Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Perschil
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Liesa Steidle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Bohnert
- Institute of Cell Dynamics and Imaging, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre (CiM), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ida van der Klei
- Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9700 Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Claudine Kraft
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin van der Laan
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, PZMS, Faculty of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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14
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Morgenstern M, Peikert CD, Lübbert P, Suppanz I, Klemm C, Alka O, Steiert C, Naumenko N, Schendzielorz A, Melchionda L, Mühlhäuser WWD, Knapp B, Busch JD, Stiller SB, Dannenmaier S, Lindau C, Licheva M, Eickhorst C, Galbusera R, Zerbes RM, Ryan MT, Kraft C, Kozjak-Pavlovic V, Drepper F, Dennerlein S, Oeljeklaus S, Pfanner N, Wiedemann N, Warscheid B. Quantitative high-confidence human mitochondrial proteome and its dynamics in cellular context. Cell Metab 2021; 33:2464-2483.e18. [PMID: 34800366 PMCID: PMC8664129 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key organelles for cellular energetics, metabolism, signaling, and quality control and have been linked to various diseases. Different views exist on the composition of the human mitochondrial proteome. We classified >8,000 proteins in mitochondrial preparations of human cells and defined a mitochondrial high-confidence proteome of >1,100 proteins (MitoCoP). We identified interactors of translocases, respiratory chain, and ATP synthase assembly factors. The abundance of MitoCoP proteins covers six orders of magnitude and amounts to 7% of the cellular proteome with the chaperones HSP60-HSP10 being the most abundant mitochondrial proteins. MitoCoP dynamics spans three orders of magnitudes, with half-lives from hours to months, and suggests a rapid regulation of biosynthesis and assembly processes. 460 MitoCoP genes are linked to human diseases with a strong prevalence for the central nervous system and metabolism. MitoCoP will provide a high-confidence resource for placing dynamics, functions, and dysfunctions of mitochondria into the cellular context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Morgenstern
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian D Peikert
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Lübbert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ida Suppanz
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cinzia Klemm
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Alka
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Conny Steiert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nataliia Naumenko
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Schendzielorz
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura Melchionda
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wignand W D Mühlhäuser
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Knapp
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jakob D Busch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian B Stiller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Dannenmaier
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Lindau
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mariya Licheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Eickhorst
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Riccardo Galbusera
- Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf M Zerbes
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 3800 Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Claudine Kraft
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Vera Kozjak-Pavlovic
- Department of Microbiology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Friedel Drepper
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sven Dennerlein
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silke Oeljeklaus
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Wiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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15
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Abstract
Mitochondria are complex organelles with two membranes. Their architecture is determined by characteristic folds of the inner membrane, termed cristae. Recent studies in yeast and other organisms led to the identification of four major pathways that cooperate to shape cristae membranes. These include dimer formation of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, assembly of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), inner membrane remodelling by a dynamin-related GTPase (Mgm1/OPA1), and modulation of the mitochondrial lipid composition. In this review, we describe the function of the evolutionarily conserved machineries involved in mitochondrial cristae biogenesis with a focus on yeast and present current models to explain how their coordinated activities establish mitochondrial membrane architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Klecker
- Institut für Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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16
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Marco-Hernández AV, Tomás-Vila M, Montoya-Filardi A, Barranco-González H, Vilchez Padilla JJ, Azorín I, Smeyers Dura P, Monfort-Membrado S, Pitarch-Castellano I, Martínez-Castellano F. Mitochondrial developmental encephalopathy with bilateral optic neuropathy related to homozygous variants in IMMT gene. Clin Genet 2021; 101:233-241. [PMID: 34842280 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IMMT gene codes for mitofilin, a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that regulates the morphology of mitochondrial cristae. The phenotype associated with mutations in this gene has not been yet established, but functional studies carried out show that its loss causes a mitochondrial alteration, both in the morphology of the mitochondrial crests and in their function. We present two cousins from an extended highly consanguineous family with developmental encephalopathy, hypotonia, nystagmus due to optic neuropathy. The likely pathogenic homozygous c.895A>G (p.Lys299Glu) variant in the IMMT gene co-segregates with the disease and associates altered mitochondrial cristae observed by electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Victoria Marco-Hernández
- Genomics Unit, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Tomás-Vila
- Neuropediatrics Section, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Juan Jesus Vilchez Padilla
- Neuromuscular Pathology Laboratory, Health Research Institute La Fe; CIBERER. European Reference for rare Neuromuscular Diseases, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Azorín
- Neuromuscular Pathology Laboratory, Health Research Institute La Fe; CIBERER. European Reference for rare Neuromuscular Diseases, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Francisco Martínez-Castellano
- Genomics Unit, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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17
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Pánek T, Eliáš M, Vancová M, Lukeš J, Hashimi H. Returning to the Fold for Lessons in Mitochondrial Crista Diversity and Evolution. Curr Biol 2021; 30:R575-R588. [PMID: 32428499 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cristae are infoldings of the mitochondrial inner membrane jutting into the organelle's innermost compartment from narrow stems at their base called crista junctions. They are emblematic of aerobic mitochondria, being the fabric for the molecular machinery driving cellular respiration. Electron microscopy revealed that diverse eukaryotes possess cristae of different shapes. Yet, crista diversity has not been systematically examined in light of our current knowledge about eukaryotic evolution. Since crista form and function are intricately linked, we take a holistic view of factors that may underlie both crista diversity and the adherence of cristae to a recognizable form. Based on electron micrographs of 226 species from all major lineages, we propose a rational crista classification system that postulates cristae as variations of two general morphotypes: flat and tubulo-vesicular. The latter is most prevalent and likely ancestral, but both morphotypes are found interspersed throughout the eukaryotic tree. In contrast, crista junctions are remarkably conserved, supporting their proposed role as diffusion barriers that sequester cristae contents. Since cardiolipin, ATP synthase dimers, the MICOS complex, and dynamin-like Opa1/Mgm1 are known to be involved in shaping cristae, we examined their variation in the context of crista diversity. Moreover, we have identified both commonalities and differences that may collectively be manifested as diverse variations of crista form and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Pánek
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 710 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Eliáš
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 710 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Vancová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Julius Lukeš
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Hassan Hashimi
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic.
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18
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Mukherjee I, Ghosh M, Meinecke M. MICOS and the mitochondrial inner membrane morphology - when things get out of shape. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:1159-1183. [PMID: 33837538 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in cellular signalling, metabolism and energetics. Proper architecture and remodelling of the inner mitochondrial membrane are essential for efficient respiration, apoptosis and quality control in the cell. Several protein complexes including mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), F1 FO -ATP synthase, and Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1), facilitate formation, maintenance and stability of cristae membranes. MICOS, the F1 FO -ATP synthase, OPA1 and inner membrane phospholipids such as cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine interact with each other to organize the inner membrane ultra-structure and remodel cristae in response to the cell's demands. Functional alterations in these proteins or in the biosynthesis pathway of cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine result in an aberrant inner membrane architecture and impair mitochondrial function. Mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormalities hallmark several human conditions and diseases including neurodegeneration, cardiomyopathies and diabetes mellitus. Yet, they have long been regarded as secondary pathological effects. This review discusses emerging evidence of a direct relationship between protein- and lipid-dependent regulation of the inner mitochondrial membrane morphology and diseases such as fatal encephalopathy, Leigh syndrome, Parkinson's disease, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Mukherjee
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mausumi Ghosh
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Meinecke
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany.,Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften - GZMB, Göttingen, Germany
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19
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The Diversity of the Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Protein Import Channels: Emerging Targets for Modulation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26134087. [PMID: 34279427 PMCID: PMC8272145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The functioning of mitochondria and their biogenesis are largely based on the proper function of the mitochondrial outer membrane channels, which selectively recognise and import proteins but also transport a wide range of other molecules, including metabolites, inorganic ions and nucleic acids. To date, nine channels have been identified in the mitochondrial outer membrane of which at least half represent the mitochondrial protein import apparatus. When compared to the mitochondrial inner membrane, the presented channels are mostly constitutively open and consequently may participate in transport of different molecules and contribute to relevant changes in the outer membrane permeability based on the channel conductance. In this review, we focus on the channel structure, properties and transported molecules as well as aspects important to their modulation. This information could be used for future studies of the cellular processes mediated by these channels, mitochondrial functioning and therapies for mitochondria-linked diseases.
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20
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Emerging Roles of the MICOS Complex in Cristae Dynamics and Biogenesis. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070600. [PMID: 34209580 PMCID: PMC8301002 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Mitochondria possess an outer and inner membrane. The part of the inner membrane parallel to the outer membrane is termed the inner boundary membrane, while the cristae membrane folds towards the mitochondrial matrix and houses the respiratory chain complexes. Crista junctions are located at the interface of the inner boundary membrane and the cristae membrane and contain the important ‘mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system’ complex. Despite the growing evidence that the mitochondrial inner membrane could remodel, cristae membranes were largely considered static for nearly seventy years, as the observations were mostly based on electron microscopy and tomography. Recently, using fluorescence super-resolution techniques, several studies showed that cristae membranes undergo dynamic remodeling in living cells, and probably even fission and fusion of the inner membrane. In this review, we discuss the important recent literature conveying the emerging role of the MICOS complex in cristae dynamics and its relation to cristae biogenesis. As the aberrant inner membrane architecture is connected to various pathologies such as cardiomyopathies, neurodegeneration and diabetes, understanding the roles of various molecules connected with cristae biogenesis and dynamics would shed light on the pathophysiology, probably leading to therapeutics in the near future. Abstract Mitochondria are double membrane-enclosed organelles performing important cellular and metabolic functions such as ATP generation, heme biogenesis, apoptosis, ROS production and calcium buffering. The mitochondrial inner membrane (IM) is folded into cristae membranes (CMs) of variable shapes using molecular players including the ‘mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system’ (MICOS) complex, the dynamin-like GTPase OPA1, the F1FO ATP synthase and cardiolipin. Aberrant cristae structures are associated with different disorders such as diabetes, neurodegeneration, cancer and hepato-encephalopathy. In this review, we provide an updated view on cristae biogenesis by focusing on novel roles of the MICOS complex in cristae dynamics and shaping of cristae. For over seven decades, cristae were considered as static structures. It was recently shown that cristae constantly undergo rapid dynamic remodeling events. Several studies have re-oriented our perception on the dynamic internal ambience of mitochondrial compartments. In addition, we discuss the recent literature which sheds light on the still poorly understood aspect of cristae biogenesis, focusing on the role of MICOS and its subunits. Overall, we provide an integrated and updated view on the relation between the biogenesis of cristae and the novel aspect of cristae dynamics.
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21
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Tirrell PS, Nguyen KN, Luby-Phelps K, Friedman JR. MICOS subcomplexes assemble independently on the mitochondrial inner membrane in proximity to ER contact sites. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:211445. [PMID: 33053165 PMCID: PMC7545361 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202003024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MICOS is a conserved multisubunit complex that localizes to mitochondrial cristae junctions and organizes cristae positioning within the organelle. MICOS is organized into two independent subcomplexes; however, the mechanisms that dictate the assembly and spatial positioning of each MICOS subcomplex are poorly understood. Here, we determine that MICOS subcomplexes target independently of one another to sites on the inner mitochondrial membrane that are in proximity to contact sites between mitochondria and the ER. One subcomplex, composed of Mic27/Mic26/Mic10/Mic12, requires ERMES complex function for its assembly. In contrast, the principal MICOS component, Mic60, self-assembles and localizes in close proximity to the ER through an independent mechanism. We also find that Mic60 can uniquely redistribute adjacent to forced mitochondria-vacuole contact sites. Our data suggest that nonoverlapping properties of interorganelle contact sites provide spatial cues that enable MICOS assembly and ultimately lead to proper physical and functional organization of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker S Tirrell
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Kailey N Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Katherine Luby-Phelps
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jonathan R Friedman
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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22
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Effects of Aging on Expression of Mic60 and OPA1 and Mitochondrial Morphology in Myocardium of Tibetan Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10112160. [PMID: 33233488 PMCID: PMC7699535 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mitochondria play a crucial role in the adaptation to high altitude hypoxia environment in Tibetan sheep, and the changes of its morphology and structure directly affect its function. OPA1 and Mic60 are important mitochondria-shaping proteins that work together to regulate the morphology of mitochondrial inner membrane and cristae. It has been shown that aging affects the expression of OPA1 and Mic60 in mice, but it has not been investigated in sheep and hence it is not known whether it might affect the ultrastructure of mitochondria. In this context, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry method were used to measure the expression of Mic60 and OPA1 genes and proteins in myocardium of adult and aged Tibetan sheep, and the ultrastructure of mitochondria were compared by transmission electron microscope. The results suggest that aging can reduces the expression of Mic60 and OPA1 genes and OPA1 protein, which can affect the mitochondrial function. Abstract In order to investigate the effects of aging on the expression of Mic60 and OPA1 and mitochondrial morphology in plateau animals, the expression of Mic60 and OPA1 genes and proteins, and the morphology of mitochondria in the myocardium of adult and aged Tibetan sheep were investigated. The expression of Mic60 and OPA1 genes and OPA1 protein were higher (p < 0.05) in the myocardium of adult Tibetan sheep than in those of the aged ones. The number of mitochondrial cristae in the myocardium of adult was higher than that in aged (p < 0.05). The density of mitochondria in the myocardium of adult was higher than that in aged (p < 0.01). Compared with the adult Tibetan sheep, the mitochondrial crista of aged were relatively sparse, the crista membrane was wide, and the mitochondria were not closely linked, showing fragmentation. These results suggest that the myocardial mitochondria of the adult have better energy supply ability, indicating that aging can lead to the weakening of oxygen supply in the myocardial mitochondria of Tibetan sheep.
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23
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Lobo MJ, Reverte-Salisa L, Chao YC, Koschinski A, Gesellchen F, Subramaniam G, Jiang H, Pace S, Larcom N, Paolocci E, Pfeifer A, Zanivan S, Zaccolo M. Phosphodiesterase 2A2 regulates mitochondria clearance through Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Commun Biol 2020; 3:596. [PMID: 33087821 PMCID: PMC7578833 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01311-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed degradation of mitochondria by mitophagy, an essential process to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis, is not completely understood. Here we uncover a regulatory process that controls mitophagy and involves the cAMP-degrading enzyme phosphodiesterase 2A2 (PDE2A2). We find that PDE2A2 is part of a mitochondrial signalosome at the mitochondrial inner membrane where it interacts with the mitochondrial contact site and organizing system (MICOS). As part of this compartmentalised signalling system PDE2A2 regulates PKA-mediated phosphorylation of the MICOS component MIC60, resulting in modulation of Parkin recruitment to the mitochondria and mitophagy. Inhibition of PDE2A2 is sufficient to regulate mitophagy in the absence of other triggers, highlighting the physiological relevance of PDE2A2 in this process. Pharmacological inhibition of PDE2 promotes a 'fat-burning' phenotype to retain thermogenic beige adipocytes, indicating that PDE2A2 may serve as a novel target with potential for developing therapies for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel J Lobo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Ying-Chi Chao
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andreas Koschinski
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Frank Gesellchen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - He Jiang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Samuel Pace
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Natasha Larcom
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ester Paolocci
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alexander Pfeifer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Manuela Zaccolo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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24
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Chapman J, Ng YS, Nicholls TJ. The Maintenance of Mitochondrial DNA Integrity and Dynamics by Mitochondrial Membranes. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10090164. [PMID: 32858900 PMCID: PMC7555930 DOI: 10.3390/life10090164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are complex organelles that harbour their own genome. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) exists in the form of a circular double-stranded DNA molecule that must be replicated, segregated and distributed around the mitochondrial network. Human cells typically possess between a few hundred and several thousand copies of the mitochondrial genome, located within the mitochondrial matrix in close association with the cristae ultrastructure. The organisation of mtDNA around the mitochondrial network requires mitochondria to be dynamic and undergo both fission and fusion events in coordination with the modulation of cristae architecture. The dysregulation of these processes has profound effects upon mtDNA replication, manifesting as a loss of mtDNA integrity and copy number, and upon the subsequent distribution of mtDNA around the mitochondrial network. Mutations within genes involved in mitochondrial dynamics or cristae modulation cause a wide range of neurological disorders frequently associated with defects in mtDNA maintenance. This review aims to provide an understanding of the biological mechanisms that link mitochondrial dynamics and mtDNA integrity, as well as examine the interplay that occurs between mtDNA, mitochondrial dynamics and cristae structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Chapman
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (T.J.N.)
| | - Yi Shiau Ng
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Thomas J. Nicholls
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (T.J.N.)
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25
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Colina-Tenorio L, Horten P, Pfanner N, Rampelt H. Shaping the mitochondrial inner membrane in health and disease. J Intern Med 2020; 287:645-664. [PMID: 32012363 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play central roles in cellular energetics, metabolism and signalling. Efficient respiration, mitochondrial quality control, apoptosis and inheritance of mitochondrial DNA depend on the proper architecture of the mitochondrial membranes and a dynamic remodelling of inner membrane cristae. Defects in mitochondrial architecture can result in severe human diseases affecting predominantly the nervous system and the heart. Inner membrane morphology is generated and maintained in particular by the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS), the F1 Fo -ATP synthase, the fusion protein OPA1/Mgm1 and the nonbilayer-forming phospholipids cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine. These protein complexes and phospholipids are embedded in a network of functional interactions. They communicate with each other and additional factors, enabling them to balance different aspects of cristae biogenesis and to dynamically remodel the inner mitochondrial membrane. Genetic alterations disturbing these membrane-shaping factors can lead to human pathologies including fatal encephalopathy, dominant optic atrophy, Leigh syndrome, Parkinson's disease and Barth syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Colina-Tenorio
- From the, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - P Horten
- From the, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - N Pfanner
- From the, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Rampelt
- From the, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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26
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Khosravi S, Harner ME. The MICOS complex, a structural element of mitochondria with versatile functions. Biol Chem 2020; 401:765-778. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractMitochondria perform a plethora of functions in various cells of different tissues. Their architecture differs remarkably, for instance in neurons versus steroidogenic cells. Furthermore, aberrant mitochondrial architecture results in mitochondrial dysfunction. This indicates strongly that mitochondrial architecture and function are intimately linked. Therefore, a deep knowledge about the determinants of mitochondrial architecture and their function on a molecular level is of utmost importance. In the past decades, various proteins and protein complexes essential for formation of mitochondrial architecture have been identified. Here we will review the current knowledge of the MICOS complex, one of the major structural elements of mitochondria. MICOS is a multi-subunit complex present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Multiple interaction partners in the inner and outer mitochondrial membrane point to participation in a multitude of important processes, such as generation of mitochondrial architecture, lipid metabolism, and protein import into mitochondria. Since the MICOS complex is highly conserved in form and function throughout evolution, we will highlight the importance of MICOS for mammals. We will emphasize in particular the current knowledge of the association of MICOS with severe human diseases, including Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 2, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Frontotemporal Dementia and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Khosravi
- Department of Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg/Martinsried, MunichD-82152, Germany
| | - Max E. Harner
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Großhaderner Str. 9, Planegg/Martinsried, MunichD-82152, Germany
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27
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Pfanner N, Warscheid B, Wiedemann N. Mitochondrial proteins: from biogenesis to functional networks. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020; 20:267-284. [PMID: 30626975 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-018-0092-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 523] [Impact Index Per Article: 130.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for the viability of eukaryotic cells as they perform crucial functions in bioenergetics, metabolism and signalling and have been associated with numerous diseases. Recent functional and proteomic studies have revealed the remarkable complexity of mitochondrial protein organization. Protein machineries with diverse functions such as protein translocation, respiration, metabolite transport, protein quality control and the control of membrane architecture interact with each other in dynamic networks. In this Review, we discuss the emerging role of the mitochondrial protein import machinery as a key organizer of these mitochondrial protein networks. The preprotein translocases that reside on the mitochondrial membranes not only function during organelle biogenesis to deliver newly synthesized proteins to their final mitochondrial destination but also cooperate with numerous other mitochondrial protein complexes that perform a wide range of functions. Moreover, these protein networks form membrane contact sites, for example, with the endoplasmic reticulum, that are key for integration of mitochondria with cellular function, and defects in protein import can lead to diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Institute of Biology II, Biochemistry - Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Wiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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28
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Kondadi AK, Anand R, Hänsch S, Urbach J, Zobel T, Wolf DM, Segawa M, Liesa M, Shirihai OS, Weidtkamp-Peters S, Reichert AS. Cristae undergo continuous cycles of membrane remodelling in a MICOS-dependent manner. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49776. [PMID: 32067344 PMCID: PMC7054676 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial inner membrane can reshape under different physiological conditions. How, at which frequency this occurs in living cells, and the molecular players involved are unknown. Here, we show using state-of-the-art live-cell stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution nanoscopy that neighbouring crista junctions (CJs) dynamically appose and separate from each other in a reversible and balanced manner in human cells. Staining of cristae membranes (CM), using various protein markers or two lipophilic inner membrane-specific dyes, further revealed that cristae undergo continuous cycles of membrane remodelling. These events are accompanied by fluctuations of the membrane potential within distinct cristae over time. Both CJ and CM dynamics depended on MIC13 and occurred at similar timescales in the range of seconds. Our data further suggest that MIC60 acts as a docking platform promoting CJ and contact site formation. Overall, by employing advanced imaging techniques including fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), single-particle tracking (SPT), live-cell STED and high-resolution Airyscan microscopy, we propose a model of CJ dynamics being mechanistically linked to CM remodelling representing cristae membrane fission and fusion events occurring within individual mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruchika Anand
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hänsch
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Center for Advanced Imaging, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Urbach
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Zobel
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Center for Advanced Imaging, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dane M Wolf
- Department of Medicine, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, Evans Biomedical Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mayuko Segawa
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marc Liesa
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Orian S Shirihai
- Department of Medicine, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, Evans Biomedical Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stefanie Weidtkamp-Peters
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Center for Advanced Imaging, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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29
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Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles of eukaryotic cells. They consist of hundreds of different proteins that exhibit crucial activities in respiration, catabolic metabolism and the synthesis of amino acids, lipids, heme and iron-sulfur clusters. With the exception of a handful of hydrophobic mitochondrially encoded membrane proteins, all these proteins are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes, targeted to receptors on the mitochondrial surface, and transported across or inserted into the outer and inner mitochondrial membrane before they are folded and assembled into their final native structure. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and components of the mitochondrial protein import systems with a particular focus on recent developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja G Hansen
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Johannes M Herrmann
- Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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30
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Eichenberger C, Oeljeklaus S, Bruggisser J, Mani J, Haenni B, Kaurov I, Niemann M, Zuber B, Lukeš J, Hashimi H, Warscheid B, Schimanski B, Schneider A. The highly diverged trypanosomal MICOS complex is organized in a nonessential integral membrane and an essential peripheral module. Mol Microbiol 2019; 112:1731-1743. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Eichenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 Bern CH‐3012Switzerland
| | - Silke Oeljeklaus
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg Freiburg 79104Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS University of Freiburg Freiburg 79104Germany
| | - Julia Bruggisser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 Bern CH‐3012Switzerland
| | - Jan Mani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 Bern CH‐3012Switzerland
| | - Beat Haenni
- Institute of Anatomy University of Bern Baltzerstrasse 2 Bern 3012Switzerland
| | - Iosif Kaurov
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center Czech Academy of Sciences České Budějovice (Budweis) Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia 370 05České Budějovice (Budweis) Czech Republic
| | - Moritz Niemann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 Bern CH‐3012Switzerland
| | - Benoît Zuber
- Institute of Anatomy University of Bern Baltzerstrasse 2 Bern 3012Switzerland
| | - Julius Lukeš
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center Czech Academy of Sciences České Budějovice (Budweis) Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia 370 05České Budějovice (Budweis) Czech Republic
| | - Hassan Hashimi
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center Czech Academy of Sciences České Budějovice (Budweis) Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia 370 05České Budějovice (Budweis) Czech Republic
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg Freiburg 79104Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS University of Freiburg Freiburg 79104Germany
| | - Bernd Schimanski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 Bern CH‐3012Switzerland
| | - André Schneider
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 Bern CH‐3012Switzerland
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31
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Violitzi F, Perivolidi VI, Thireou T, Grivas I, Haralambous S, Samiotaki M, Panayotou G, Douni E. Mapping Interactome Networks of DNAJC11, a Novel Mitochondrial Protein Causing Neuromuscular Pathology in Mice. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3896-3912. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Violitzi
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, Fleming 34, 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Vasiliki-Iris Perivolidi
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, Fleming 34, 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Trias Thireou
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Grivas
- Transgenic Technology Lab and Inflammation Research Group, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Vas. Sofias 127, 11521, Athens, Greece
| | - Sylva Haralambous
- Transgenic Technology Lab and Inflammation Research Group, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Vas. Sofias 127, 11521, Athens, Greece
| | - Martina Samiotaki
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, Fleming 34, 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - George Panayotou
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, Fleming 34, 16672, Vari, Greece
| | - Eleni Douni
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, Fleming 34, 16672, Vari, Greece
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32
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Kondadi AK, Anand R, Reichert AS. Functional Interplay between Cristae Biogenesis, Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitochondrial DNA Integrity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174311. [PMID: 31484398 PMCID: PMC6747513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are vital cellular organelles involved in a plethora of cellular processes such as energy conversion, calcium homeostasis, heme biogenesis, regulation of apoptosis and ROS reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Although they are frequently depicted as static bean-shaped structures, our view has markedly changed over the past few decades as many studies have revealed a remarkable dynamicity of mitochondrial shapes and sizes both at the cellular and intra-mitochondrial levels. Aberrant changes in mitochondrial dynamics and cristae structure are associated with ageing and numerous human diseases (e.g., cancer, diabetes, various neurodegenerative diseases, types of neuro- and myopathies). Another unique feature of mitochondria is that they harbor their own genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). MtDNA exists in several hundreds to thousands of copies per cell and is arranged and packaged in the mitochondrial matrix in structures termed mt-nucleoids. Many human diseases are mechanistically linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and alteration of the number and/or the integrity of mtDNA. In particular, several recent studies identified remarkable and partly unexpected links between mitochondrial structure, fusion and fission dynamics, and mtDNA. In this review, we will provide an overview about these recent insights and aim to clarify how mitochondrial dynamics, cristae ultrastructure and mtDNA structure influence each other and determine mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ruchika Anand
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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33
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Mitochondrial cristae narrowing upon higher 2-oxoglutarate load. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1860:659-678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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34
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Callegari S, Müller T, Schulz C, Lenz C, Jans DC, Wissel M, Opazo F, Rizzoli SO, Jakobs S, Urlaub H, Rehling P, Deckers M. A MICOS-TIM22 Association Promotes Carrier Import into Human Mitochondria. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:2835-2851. [PMID: 31103774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane proteins with internal targeting signals are inserted into the inner membrane by the carrier translocase (TIM22 complex). For this, precursors have to be initially directed from the TOM complex in the outer mitochondrial membrane across the intermembrane space toward the TIM22 complex. How these two translocation processes are topologically coordinated is still unresolved. Using proteomic approaches, we find that the human TIM22 complex associates with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex. This association does not appear to be conserved in yeast, whereby the yeast MICOS complex instead interacts with the presequence translocase. Using a yeast mic10Δ strain and a HEK293T MIC10 knockout cell line, we characterize the role of MICOS for protein import into the mitochondrial inner membrane and matrix. We find that a physiological cristae organization promotes efficient import via the presequence pathway in yeast, while in human mitochondria, the MICOS complex is dispensable for protein import along the presequence pathway. However, in human mitochondria, the MICOS complex is required for the efficient import of carrier proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Our analyses suggest that in human mitochondria, positioning of the carrier translocase at the crista junction, and potentially in vicinity to the TOM complex, is required for efficient transport into the inner membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Callegari
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Müller
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christof Lenz
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Bioanalytics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel C Jans
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Mitochondrial Structure and Dynamics Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg, 11 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Clinic for Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mirjam Wissel
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felipe Opazo
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, von-Siebold-Strasse 3a, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silvio O Rizzoli
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, von-Siebold-Strasse 3a, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jakobs
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Mitochondrial Structure and Dynamics Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg, 11 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Clinic for Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Bioanalytics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rehling
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Markus Deckers
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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35
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Expression of OPA1 and Mic60 genes and their association with mitochondrial cristae morphology in Tibetan sheep. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 376:273-279. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2975-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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36
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Kaurov I, Vancová M, Schimanski B, Cadena LR, Heller J, Bílý T, Potěšil D, Eichenberger C, Bruce H, Oeljeklaus S, Warscheid B, Zdráhal Z, Schneider A, Lukeš J, Hashimi H. The Diverged Trypanosome MICOS Complex as a Hub for Mitochondrial Cristae Shaping and Protein Import. Curr Biol 2018; 28:3393-3407.e5. [PMID: 30415698 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial contact site and cristae organization system (MICOS) is a multiprotein complex responsible for cristae formation. Even though cristae are found in all mitochondria capable of oxidative phosphorylation, only Mic10 and Mic60 appear to be conserved throughout eukaryotes. The remaining 4 or 5 known MICOS subunits are specific to the supergroup Opisthokonta, which includes yeast and mammals that are the only organisms in which this complex has been analyzed experimentally. We have isolated the MICOS from Trypanosoma brucei, a member of the supergroup Excavata that is profoundly diverged from opisthokonts. We show that it is required for the maintenance of the unique discoidal cristae that typify excavates, such as euglenids and kinetoplastids, the latter of which include trypanosomes. The trypanosome MICOS consists of 9 subunits, most of which are essential for normal growth. Unlike in opisthokonts, it contains two distinct Mic10 orthologs and an unconventional putative Mic60 that lacks a mitofilin domain. Interestingly, one of the essential trypanosomatid-specific MICOS subunits called TbMic20 is a thioredoxin-like protein that appears to be involved in import of intermembrane space proteins, including respiratory chain complex assembly factors. This result points to trypanosome MICOS coordinating cristae shaping and population of its membrane with proteins involved in respiration, the latter via the catalytic activity of TbMic20. Thus, trypanosome MICOS allows us to define which of its features are conserved in all eukaryotes and decipher those that represent lineage-specific adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosif Kaurov
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Vancová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Bernd Schimanski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lawrence Rudy Cadena
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Heller
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Bílý
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - David Potěšil
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Claudia Eichenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hannah Bruce
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Silke Oeljeklaus
- Faculty of Biology, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Faculty of Biology, Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Institute of Biology II, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zbyněk Zdráhal
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - André Schneider
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julius Lukeš
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Hassan Hashimi
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Center, Czech Academy of Sciences, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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37
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Rampelt H, Wollweber F, Gerke C, de Boer R, van der Klei IJ, Bohnert M, Pfanner N, van der Laan M. Assembly of the Mitochondrial Cristae Organizer Mic10 Is Regulated by Mic26–Mic27 Antagonism and Cardiolipin. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:1883-1890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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38
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Gödiker J, Grüneberg M, DuChesne I, Reunert J, Rust S, Westermann C, Wada Y, Classen G, Langhans CD, Schlingmann KP, Rodenburg RJ, Pohlmann R, Marquardt T. QIL1-dependent assembly of MICOS complex-lethal mutation in C19ORF70 resulting in liver disease and severe neurological retardation. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:707-716. [PMID: 29618761 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Seven subunits of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae junction (CJ) organizing system (MICOS) in humans have been recently described in function and structure. QIL1 (also named MIC13) is a small complex that is crucial for the maintenance and assembling of MICOS. A novel mutation of an essential splice site in the C19orf70 gene encoding QIL1 induces severe mitochondrial encephalopathy, hepatopathy and lactate acidosis consistent with psychomotor retardation. In addition, bilateral kidney stones were observed. Disassembly of MICOS complex subunits displays lack of MIC10-MIC26-MIC27-QIL1 subcomplex, resulting in aberrant cristae structure and a loss of cristae junctions and contact sites. In liver and muscle tissue, the activity of the respiratory chain complexes (OXPHOS) was severely impaired. Defects in MICOS complex do not only affect mitochondrial architecture, but also mitochondrial fusion, metabolic signalling, lipid trafficking and cellular electric homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gödiker
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - M Grüneberg
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - I DuChesne
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - J Reunert
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - S Rust
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - C Westermann
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Muenster, Domagkstraße 17, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Y Wada
- Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka, 594-1101, Japan
| | - G Classen
- Department of General Paediatrics, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Grenzweg 10, 33617, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - C D Langhans
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Paediatric Metabolic Medicine, University Children's Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K P Schlingmann
- Department of General Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Waldeyerstr. 22, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - R J Rodenburg
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, 830 Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R Pohlmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - T Marquardt
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
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39
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Tsai PI, Lin CH, Hsieh CH, Papakyrikos AM, Kim MJ, Napolioni V, Schoor C, Couthouis J, Wu RM, Wszolek ZK, Winter D, Greicius MD, Ross OA, Wang X. PINK1 Phosphorylates MIC60/Mitofilin to Control Structural Plasticity of Mitochondrial Crista Junctions. Mol Cell 2018; 69:744-756.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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40
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Optic Atrophy 1 Is Epistatic to the Core MICOS Component MIC60 in Mitochondrial Cristae Shape Control. Cell Rep 2017; 17:3024-3034. [PMID: 27974214 PMCID: PMC5186903 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) and Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) control cristae shape, thus affecting mitochondrial function and apoptosis. Whether and how they physically and functionally interact is unclear. Here, we provide evidence that OPA1 is epistatic to MICOS in the regulation of cristae shape. Proteomic analysis identifies multiple MICOS components in native OPA1-containing high molecular weight complexes disrupted during cristae remodeling. MIC60, a core MICOS protein, physically interacts with OPA1, and together, they control cristae junction number and stability, OPA1 being epistatic to MIC60. OPA1 defines cristae width and junction diameter independently of MIC60. Our combination of proteomics, biochemistry, genetics, and electron tomography provides a unifying model for mammalian cristae biogenesis by OPA1 and MICOS. Complexes containing OPA1 and MIC60 are targeted during cristae remodeling OPA1 lies upstream of MIC60 in regulating cristae junction number and stability OPA1 is the sole regulator of cristae junction width
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Schorr S, van der Laan M. Integrative functions of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 76:191-200. [PMID: 28923515 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are complex double-membrane-bound organelles of eukaryotic cells that function as energy-converting powerhouses, metabolic factories and signaling centers. The outer membrane controls the exchange of material and information with other cellular compartments. The inner membrane provides an extended, highly folded surface for selective transport and energy-coupling reactions. It can be divided into an inner boundary membrane and tubular or lamellar cristae membranes that accommodate the oxidative phosphorylation units. Outer membrane, inner boundary membrane and cristae come together at crista junctions, where the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) acts as a membrane-shaping and -connecting scaffold. This peculiar architecture is of pivotal importance for multiple mitochondrial functions. Many elaborate studies in the past years have shed light on the subunit composition and organization of MICOS. In this review article, we summarize these insights and then move on to discuss exciting recent discoveries on the integrative functions of MICOS. Multi-faceted connections to other major players of mitochondrial biogenesis and physiology, like the protein import machineries, the oxidative phosphorylation system, carrier proteins and phospholipid biosynthesis enzymes, are currently emerging. Therefore, we propose that MICOS acts as a central hub in mitochondrial membrane architecture and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schorr
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, PZMS, Saarland University, School of Medicine, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Martin van der Laan
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, PZMS, Saarland University, School of Medicine, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
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Tsai PI, Papakyrikos AM, Hsieh CH, Wang X. Drosophila MIC60/mitofilin conducts dual roles in mitochondrial motility and crista structure. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:3471-3479. [PMID: 28904209 PMCID: PMC5683758 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-03-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial organelles for providing energy for a cell. It is known that MIC60/mitofilin is important for maintaining mitochondrial structure in dissociated cells; however, its physiological roles in an intact animal are less clear. In this study, we unravel the functional consequences of deleting MIC60/mitofilin in fruit flies. MIC60/mitofilin constitutes a hetero-oligomeric complex on the inner mitochondrial membranes to maintain crista structure. However, little is known about its physiological functions. Here, by characterizing Drosophila MIC60 mutants, we define its roles in vivo. We discover that MIC60 performs dual functions to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. In addition to its canonical role in crista membrane structure, MIC60 regulates mitochondrial motility, likely by influencing protein levels of the outer mitochondrial membrane protein Miro that anchors mitochondria to the microtubule motors. Loss of MIC60 causes loss of Miro and mitochondrial arrest. At a cellular level, loss of MIC60 disrupts synaptic structure and function at the neuromuscular junctions. The dual roles of MIC60 in both mitochondrial crista structure and motility position it as a crucial player for cellular integrity and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-I Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Amanda M Papakyrikos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305.,Graduate Program in Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Chung-Han Hsieh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Xinnan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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43
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Gold VA, Chroscicki P, Bragoszewski P, Chacinska A. Visualization of cytosolic ribosomes on the surface of mitochondria by electron cryo-tomography. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:1786-1800. [PMID: 28827470 PMCID: PMC5623831 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We employed electron cryo‐tomography to visualize cytosolic ribosomes on the surface of mitochondria. Translation‐arrested ribosomes reveal the clustered organization of the TOM complex, corroborating earlier reports of localized translation. Ribosomes are shown to interact specifically with the TOM complex, and nascent chain binding is crucial for ribosome recruitment and stabilization. Ribosomes are bound to the membrane in discrete clusters, often in the vicinity of the crista junctions. This interaction highlights how protein synthesis may be coupled with transport. Our work provides unique insights into the spatial organization of cytosolic ribosomes on mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Am Gold
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany .,Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Piotr Chroscicki
- The International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bragoszewski
- The International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Chacinska
- The International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland .,Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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44
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Sastri M, Darshi M, Mackey M, Ramachandra R, Ju S, Phan S, Adams S, Stein K, Douglas CR, Kim JJ, Ellisman MH, Taylor SS, Perkins GA. Sub-mitochondrial localization of the genetic-tagged mitochondrial intermembrane space-bridging components Mic19, Mic60 and Sam50. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:3248-3260. [PMID: 28808085 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.201400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Each mitochondrial compartment contains varying protein compositions that underlie a diversity of localized functions. Insights into the localization of mitochondrial intermembrane space-bridging (MIB) components will have an impact on our understanding of mitochondrial architecture, dynamics and function. By using the novel visualizable genetic tags miniSOG and APEX2 in cultured mouse cardiac and human astrocyte cell lines and performing electron tomography, we have mapped at nanoscale resolution three key MIB components, Mic19, Mic60 and Sam50 (also known as CHCHD3, IMMT and SAMM50, respectively), in the environment of structural landmarks such as cristae and crista junctions (CJs). Tagged Mic19 and Mic60 were located at CJs, distributed in a network pattern along the mitochondrial periphery and also enriched inside cristae. We discovered an association of Mic19 with cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV. It was also found that tagged Sam50 is not uniformly distributed in the outer mitochondrial membrane and appears to incompletely overlap with Mic19- or Mic60-positive domains, most notably at the CJs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Sastri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Manjula Darshi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mason Mackey
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ranjan Ramachandra
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Saeyeon Ju
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sebastien Phan
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Stephen Adams
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kathryn Stein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christopher R Douglas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jiwan John Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mark H Ellisman
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Susan S Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Guy A Perkins
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
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Akabane S, Uno M, Tani N, Shimazaki S, Ebara N, Kato H, Kosako H, Oka T. PKA Regulates PINK1 Stability and Parkin Recruitment to Damaged Mitochondria through Phosphorylation of MIC60. Mol Cell 2017; 62:371-384. [PMID: 27153535 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A mitochondrial kinase, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), selectively recruits the ubiquitin ligase Parkin to damaged mitochondria, which modifies mitochondria by polyubiquitination, leading to mitochondrial autophagy. Here, we report that treatment with an adenylate cyclase agonist or expression of protein kinase A (PKA) impairs Parkin recruitment to damaged mitochondria and decreases PINK1 protein levels. We identified a mitochondrial membrane protein, MIC60 (also known as mitofilin), as a PKA substrate. Mutational and mass spectrometric analyses revealed that the Ser528 residue of MIC60 undergoes PKA-dependent phosphorylation. MIC60 transiently interacts with PINK1, and MIC60 downregulation leads to a reduction in PINK1 and mislocalization of Parkin. Phosphorylation-mimic mutants of MIC60 fail to restore the defect in Parkin recruitment in MIC60-knocked down cells, whereas a phosphorylation-deficient MIC60 mutant facilitates the mitochondrial localization of Parkin. Our findings indicate that PKA-mediated phosphorylation of MIC60 negatively regulates mitochondrial clearance that is initiated by PINK1 and Parkin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Akabane
- Department of Life Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Midori Uno
- Department of Life Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Naoki Tani
- Liaison Laboratory Research Promotion Center, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shunta Shimazaki
- Department of Life Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Natsumi Ebara
- Department of Life Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Oka
- Department of Life Science, Rikkyo University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
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Eydt K, Davies KM, Behrendt C, Wittig I, Reichert AS. Cristae architecture is determined by an interplay of the MICOS complex and the F 1F O ATP synthase via Mic27 and Mic10. MICROBIAL CELL 2017; 4:259-272. [PMID: 28845423 PMCID: PMC5568431 DOI: 10.15698/mic2017.08.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The inner boundary and the cristae membrane are connected by pore-like structures termed crista junctions (CJs). The MICOS complex is required for CJ formation and enriched at CJs. Here, we address the roles of the MICOS subunits Mic27 and Mic10. We observe a positive genetic interaction between Mic27 and Mic60 and deletion of Mic27 results in impaired formation of CJs and altered cristae membrane curvature. Mic27 acts in an antagonistic manner to Mic60 as it promotes oligomerization of the F1FO-ATP synthase and partially restores CJ formation in cells lacking Mic60. Mic10 impairs oligomerization of the F1FO-ATP synthase similar to Mic60. Applying complexome profiling, we observed that deletion of Mic27 destabilizes the MICOS complex but does not impair formation of a high molecular weight Mic10 subcomplex. Moreover, this Mic10 subcomplex comigrates with the dimeric F1FO-ATP synthase in a Mic27-independent manner. Further, we observed a chemical crosslink of Mic10 to Mic27 and of Mic10 to the F1FO-ATP synthase subunit e. We corroborate the physical interaction of the MICOS complex and the F1FO-ATP synthase. We propose a model in which part of the F1FO-ATP synthase is linked to the MICOS complex via Mic10 and Mic27 and by that is regulating CJ formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Eydt
- Cluster of Excellence Macromolecular Complexes, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Mitochondrial Biology, Buchmann Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karen M Davies
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue Str. 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Present address: Molecular Biophysics and Integrative Bio-Imaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Christina Behrendt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Cluster of Excellence Macromolecular Complexes, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Cluster of Excellence Macromolecular Complexes, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Mitochondrial Biology, Buchmann Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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47
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Straub SP, Stiller SB, Wiedemann N, Pfanner N. Dynamic organization of the mitochondrial protein import machinery. Biol Chem 2017; 397:1097-1114. [PMID: 27289000 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria contain elaborate machineries for the import of precursor proteins from the cytosol. The translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM) performs the initial import of precursor proteins and transfers the precursors to downstream translocases, including the presequence translocase and the carrier translocase of the inner membrane, the mitochondrial import and assembly machinery of the intermembrane space, and the sorting and assembly machinery of the outer membrane. Although the protein translocases can function as separate entities in vitro, recent studies revealed a close and dynamic cooperation of the protein import machineries to facilitate efficient transfer of precursor proteins in vivo. In addition, protein translocases were found to transiently interact with distinct machineries that function in the respiratory chain or in the maintenance of mitochondrial membrane architecture. Mitochondrial protein import is embedded in a regulatory network that ensures protein biogenesis, membrane dynamics, bioenergetic activity and quality control.
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48
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Ellenrieder L, Rampelt H, Becker T. Connection of Protein Transport and Organelle Contact Sites in Mitochondria. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:2148-2160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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49
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Eisenberg-Bord M, Shai N, Schuldiner M, Bohnert M. A Tether Is a Tether Is a Tether: Tethering at Membrane Contact Sites. Dev Cell 2017; 39:395-409. [PMID: 27875684 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane contact sites enable interorganelle communication by positioning organelles in close proximity using molecular "tethers." With a growing understanding of the importance of contact sites, the hunt for new contact sites and their tethers is in full swing. Determining just what is a tether has proven challenging. Here, we aim to delineate guidelines that define the prerequisites for categorizing a protein as a tether. Setting this gold standard now, while groups from different disciplines are beginning to explore membrane contact sites, will enable efficient cooperation in the growing field and help to realize a great collaborative opportunity to boost its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Eisenberg-Bord
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Nadav Shai
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Maria Bohnert
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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50
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Regulated membrane remodeling by Mic60 controls formation of mitochondrial crista junctions. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15258. [PMID: 28561061 PMCID: PMC5460017 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) is crucial for the formation of crista junctions and mitochondrial inner membrane architecture. MICOS contains two core components. Mic10 shows membrane-bending activity, whereas Mic60 (mitofilin) forms contact sites between inner and outer membranes. Here we report that Mic60 deforms liposomes into thin membrane tubules and thus displays membrane-shaping activity. We identify a membrane-binding site in the soluble intermembrane space-exposed part of Mic60. This membrane-binding site is formed by a predicted amphipathic helix between the conserved coiled-coil and mitofilin domains. The mitofilin domain negatively regulates the membrane-shaping activity of Mic60. Binding of Mic19 to the mitofilin domain modulates this activity. Membrane binding and shaping by the conserved Mic60–Mic19 complex is crucial for crista junction formation, mitochondrial membrane architecture and efficient respiratory activity. Mic60 thus plays a dual role by shaping inner membrane crista junctions and forming contact sites with the outer membrane. The MICOS complex has an essential role in crista junction formation and mitochondrial inner membrane morphology. Here, the authors show that one of its components, Mic60, known to form contact sites between inner and outer membranes, also displays membrane-shaping activity.
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