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Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Yu P, Zhou F, Zhang A, Gu Y, Jin R, Li J, Zheng F, Yu A, Ye D, Xu Y, Liu YJ, Saw TB, Hu G, Lim CT, Yu FX. Angiomotin cleavage promotes leader formation and collective cell migration. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00541-0. [PMID: 39389053 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Collective cell migration (CCM) is involved in multiple biological processes, including embryonic morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and cancer invasion. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CCM, especially leader cell formation, are poorly understood. Here, we show that a signaling pathway regulating angiomotin (AMOT) cleavage plays a role in CCM, using mammalian epithelial cells and mouse models. In a confluent epithelial monolayer, full-length AMOT localizes at cell-cell junctions and limits cell motility. After cleavage, the C-terminal fragment of AMOT (AMOT-CT) translocates to the cell-matrix interface to promote the maturation of focal adhesions (FAs), generate traction force, and induce leader cell formation. Meanwhile, decreased full-length AMOT at cell-cell junctions leads to tissue fluidization and coherent migration of cell collectives. Hence, the cleavage of AMOT serves as a molecular switch to generate polarized contraction, promoting leader cell formation and CCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yebin Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuwen Zhu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fanhui Zhou
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Anlan Zhang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan Gu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ruxin Jin
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fengyun Zheng
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Aijuan Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanhui Xu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Thuan Beng Saw
- Research Center for Industries of the Future and School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Guohong Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Fa-Xing Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University and The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Gao Y, Du M, Pan E, Sun M, Zhang X. Induced expression of AMOT reverses adriamycin resistance in breast cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:1301-1312. [PMID: 39021301 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Adriamycin (ADR) is widely used against breast cancer, but subsequent resistance always occurs. YAP, a downstream protein of angiomotin (AMOT), importantly contributes to ADR resistance, whereas the mechanism is largely unknown. MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells were used to establish ADR-resistant cell. Then, mRNA and protein expressions of AMOT and YAP expressions were determined. After AMOT transfection alone or in combination with YAP, the sensitivity of the cells to ADR were evaluated in vitro by examining cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle, as well as in vivo by examining tumor growth. Additionally, the expressions of proteins in YAP pathway were determined in AMOT-overexpressing cells. In the ADR-resistant cells, the expression of AMOT was decreased while YAP was increased, respectively, and the nucleus localization of YAP was increased at the same time. After AMOT overexpression, these were inhibited, whereas the cell sensitivity to ADR was enhanced. However, the AMOT-induced changes were significantly suppressed by YAP knockdown. The consistent results in vivo showed that AMOT enhanced the inhibition of ADR on tumor growth, and inhibited YAP signaling, evidenced by decreased levels of YAP, CycD1, and p-ERK. Our data revealed that decreased AMOT contributed to ADR resistance in breast cancer cells, which was importantly negatively mediated YAP. These observations provide a potential therapy against breast cancer with ADR resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haige Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, Cancer Hospital, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yingyi Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, Cancer Hospital, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, Cancer Hospital, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Mingming Du
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, Cancer Hospital, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Erhu Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, Cancer Hospital, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Mingliang Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, Cancer Hospital, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Miyamoto S. Untangling the role of RhoA in the heart: protective effect and mechanism. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:579. [PMID: 39122698 PMCID: PMC11315981 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
RhoA (ras homolog family member A) is a small G-protein that transduces intracellular signaling to regulate a broad range of cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, migration, and survival. RhoA serves as a proximal downstream effector of numerous G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and is also responsive to various stresses in the heart. Upon its activation, RhoA engages multiple downstream signaling pathways. Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK) is the first discovered and best characterized effector or RhoA, playing a major role in cytoskeletal arrangement. Many other RhoA effectors have been identified, including myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A), Yes-associated Protein (YAP) and phospholipase Cε (PLCε) to regulate transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. The role of RhoA signaling in the heart has been increasingly studied in last decades. It was initially suggested that RhoA signaling pathway is maladaptive in the heart, but more recent studies using cardiac-specific expression or deletion of RhoA have revealed that RhoA activation provides cardioprotection against stress through various mechanisms including the novel role of RhoA in mitochondrial quality control. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of RhoA in the heart and its signaling pathways to prevent progression of heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0636, USA.
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Wang Y, Yu FX. Angiomotin family proteins in the Hippo signaling pathway. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2400076. [PMID: 38760875 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The Motin family proteins (Motins) are a class of scaffolding proteins consisting of Angiomotin (AMOT), AMOT-like protein 1 (AMOTL1), and AMOT-like protein 2 (AMOTL2). Motins play a pivotal role in angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and neurogenesis by modulating multiple cellular signaling pathways. Recent findings indicate that Motins are components of the Hippo pathway, a signaling cascade involved in development and cancer. This review discusses how Motins are integrated into the Hippo signaling network, as either upstream regulators or downstream effectors, to modulate cell proliferation and migration. The repression of YAP/TAZ by Motins contributes to growth inhibition, whereas subcellular localization of Motins and their interactions with actin fibers are critical in regulating cell migration. The net effect of Motins on cell proliferation and migration may contribute to their diverse biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fa-Xing Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wang H, Ye M, Jin X. Role of angiomotin family members in human diseases (Review). Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:258. [PMID: 38766307 PMCID: PMC11099588 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiomotin (Amot) family members, including Amot, Amot-like protein 1 (Amotl1) and Amot-like protein 2 (Amotl2), have been found to interact with angiostatins. In addition, Amot family members are involved in various physiological and pathological functions such as embryonic development, angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. Some studies have also demonstrated its regulation in signaling pathways such as the Hippo signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway and mTOR signaling pathways. Amot family members play an important role in neural stem cell differentiation, dendritic formation and synaptic maturation. In addition, an increasing number of studies have focused on their function in promoting and/or suppressing cancer, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The present review integrated relevant studies on upstream regulation and downstream signals of Amot family members, as well as the latest progress in physiological and pathological functions and clinical applications, hoping to offer important ideas for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
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Ma N, Wibowo YC, Wirtz P, Baltus D, Wieland T, Jansen S. Tankyrase inhibition interferes with junction remodeling, induces leakiness, and disturbs YAP1/TAZ signaling in the endothelium. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1763-1789. [PMID: 37741944 PMCID: PMC10858845 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02720-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Tankyrase inhibitors are increasingly considered for therapeutic use in malignancies that are characterized by high intrinsic β-catenin activity. However, how tankyrase inhibition affects the endothelium after systemic application remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate how the tankyrase inhibitor XAV939 affects endothelial cell function and the underlying mechanism involved. Endothelial cell function was analyzed using sprouting angiogenesis, endothelial cell migration, junctional dynamics, and permeability using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and explanted mouse retina. Underlying signaling was studied using western blot, immunofluorescence, and qPCR in HUVEC in addition to luciferase reporter gene assays in human embryonic kidney cells. XAV939 treatment leads to altered junctional dynamics and permeability as well as impaired endothelial migration. Mechanistically, XAV939 increased stability of the angiomotin-like proteins 1 and 2, which impedes the nuclear translocation of YAP1/TAZ and consequently suppresses TEAD-mediated transcription. Intriguingly, XAV939 disrupts adherens junctions by inducing RhoA-Rho dependent kinase (ROCK)-mediated F-actin bundling, whereas disruption of F-actin bundling through the ROCK inhibitor H1152 restores endothelial cell function. Unexpectedly, this was accompanied by an increase in nuclear TAZ and TEAD-mediated transcription, suggesting differential regulation of YAP1 and TAZ by the actin cytoskeleton in endothelial cells. In conclusion, our findings elucidate the complex relationship between the actin cytoskeleton, YAP1/TAZ signaling, and endothelial cell function and how tankyrase inhibition disturbs this well-balanced signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ma
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yohanes Cakrapradipta Wibowo
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Phillip Wirtz
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Doris Baltus
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Sepp Jansen
- Experimental Pharmacology Mannheim, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Mannion AJ, Zhao H, Zhang Y, von Wright Y, Bergman O, Roy J, Saharinen P, Holmgren L. Regulation of YAP Promotor Accessibility in Endothelial Mechanotransduction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:666-689. [PMID: 38299356 PMCID: PMC10880945 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial cells are constantly exposed to mechanical forces in the form of fluid shear stress, extracellular stiffness, and cyclic strain. The mechanoresponsive activity of YAP (Yes-associated protein) and its role in vascular development are well described; however, whether changes to transcription or epigenetic regulation of YAP are involved in these processes remains unanswered. Furthermore, how mechanical forces are transduced to the nucleus to drive transcriptional reprogramming in endothelial cells is poorly understood. The YAP target gene, AmotL2 (angiomotin-like 2), is a junctional mechanotransducer that connects cell-cell junctions to the nuclear membrane via the actin cytoskeleton. METHODS We applied mechanical manipulations including shear flow, stretching, and substrate stiffness to endothelial cells to investigate the role of mechanical forces in modulating YAP transcription. Using in vitro and in vivo endothelial depletion of AmotL2, we assess nuclear morphology, chromatin organization (using transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing), and whole-mount immunofluorescent staining of the aorta to determine the regulation and functionality of YAP. Finally, we use genetic and chemical inhibition to uncouple the nuclear-cytoskeletal connection to investigate the role of this pathway on YAP transcription. RESULTS Our results reveal that mechanical forces sensed at cell-cell junctions by the YAP target gene AmotL2 are directly involved in changes in global chromatin accessibility and activity of the histone methyltransferase EZH2, leading to modulation of YAP promotor activity. Functionally, shear stress-induced proliferation of endothelial cells in vivo was reliant on AmotL2 and YAP/TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif) expression. Mechanistically, uncoupling of the nuclear-cytoskeletal connection from junctions and focal adhesions led to altered nuclear morphology, chromatin accessibility, and YAP promotor activity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a role for AmotL2 and nuclear-cytoskeletal force transmission in modulating the epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of YAP to maintain a mechano-enforced positive feedback loop of vascular homeostasis. These findings may offer an explanation as to the proinflammatory phenotype that leads to aneurysm formation observed in AmotL2 endothelial deletion models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarren J. Mannion
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology (A.J.M., H.Z., Y.Z., L.H.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cell and Tissue Dynamics, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany (A.J.M.)
| | - Honglei Zhao
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology (A.J.M., H.Z., Y.Z., L.H.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology (A.J.M., H.Z., Y.Z., L.H.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ylva von Wright
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Finland (Y.v.W., P.S.)
| | - Otto Bergman
- Medicine (O.B.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joy Roy
- Molecular Medicine and Surgery (J.R.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (J.R.)
| | - Pipsa Saharinen
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Finland (Y.v.W., P.S.)
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program and Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.S.)
| | - Lars Holmgren
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology (A.J.M., H.Z., Y.Z., L.H.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Gonzalez-Nolde S, Schweiger CJ, Davis EER, Manzoni TJ, Hussein SMI, Schmidt TA, Cone SG, Jay GD, Parreno J. The Actin Cytoskeleton as a Regulator of Proteoglycan 4. Cartilage 2024:19476035231223455. [PMID: 38183234 DOI: 10.1177/19476035231223455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The superficial zone (SZ) of articular cartilage is responsible for distributing shear forces for optimal cartilage loading and contributes to joint lubrication through the production of proteoglycan 4 (PRG4). PRG4 plays a critical role in joint homeostasis and is chondroprotective. Normal PRG4 production is affected by inflammation and irregular mechanical loading in post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). THe SZ chondrocyte (SZC) phenotype, including PRG4 expression, is regulated by the actin cytoskeleton in vitro. There remains a limited understanding of the regulation of PRG4 by the actin cytoskeleton in native articular chondrocytes. The filamentous (F)-actin cytoskeleton is a potential node in crosstalk between mechanical stimulation and cytokine activation and the regulation of PRG4 in SZCs, therefore developing insights in the regulation of PRG4 by actin may identify molecular targets for novel PTOA therapies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search on PRG4 and the regulation of the SZC phenotype by actin organization was performed. RESULTS PRG4 is strongly regulated by the actin cytoskeleton in isolated SZCs in vitro. Biochemical and mechanical stimuli have been characterized to regulate PRG4 and may converge upon actin cytoskeleton signaling. CONCLUSION Actin-based regulation of PRG4 in native SZCs is not fully understood and requires further elucidation. Understanding the regulation of PRG4 by actin in SZCs requires an in vivo context to further potential of leveraging actin arrangement to arthritic therapeutics.
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Bulos ML, Grzelak EM, Li-Ma C, Chen E, Hull M, Johnson KA, Bollong MJ. Pharmacological inhibition of CLK2 activates YAP by promoting alternative splicing of AMOTL2. eLife 2023; 12:RP88508. [PMID: 38126343 PMCID: PMC10735217 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP), the downstream effector of the evolutionarily conserved Hippo pathway, promotes cellular proliferation and coordinates certain regenerative responses in mammals. Small molecule activators of YAP may, therefore, display therapeutic utility in treating disease states involving insufficient proliferative repair. From a high-throughput chemical screen of the comprehensive drug repurposing library ReFRAME, here we report the identification of SM04690, a clinical stage inhibitor of CLK2, as a potent activator of YAP-driven transcriptional activity in cells. CLK2 inhibition promotes alternative splicing of the Hippo pathway protein AMOTL2, producing an exon-skipped gene product that can no longer associate with membrane-bound proteins, resulting in decreased phosphorylation and membrane localization of YAP. This study reveals a novel mechanism by which pharmacological perturbation of alternative splicing inactivates the Hippo pathway and promotes YAP-dependent cellular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya L Bulos
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Edyta M Grzelak
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Chloris Li-Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
| | - Emily Chen
- Calibr, A Division of Scripps ResearchLa JollaUnited States
| | - Mitchell Hull
- Calibr, A Division of Scripps ResearchLa JollaUnited States
| | | | - Michael J Bollong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaUnited States
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10
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Deng H, Jia Q, Ming X, Sun Y, Lu Y, Liu L, Zhou J. Hippo pathway in intestinal diseases: focusing on ferroptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1291686. [PMID: 38130953 PMCID: PMC10734691 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1291686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer, has steadily increased over the past decades. The Hippo pathway is involved in cell proliferation, tissue and organ damage, energy metabolism, tumor formation, and other physiologic processes. Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of iron and lipid peroxides. The Hippo pathway and ferroptosis are associated with various intestinal diseases; however, the crosstalk between them is unclear. This review elaborates on the current research on the Hippo pathway and ferroptosis in the context of intestinal diseases. We summarized the connection between the Hippo pathway and ferroptosis to elucidate the underlying mechanism by which these pathways influence intestinal diseases. We speculate that a mutual regulatory mechanism exists between the Hippo pathway and ferroptosis and these two pathways interact in several ways to regulate intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Qiuting Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Xin Ming
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Coradini D. Interaction of de novo cholesterol biosynthesis and Hippo signaling pathway in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)-comparison with the corresponding normal breast epithelium. TRANSLATIONAL BREAST CANCER RESEARCH : A JOURNAL FOCUSING ON TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN BREAST CANCER 2023; 4:26. [PMID: 38751474 PMCID: PMC11093060 DOI: 10.21037/tbcr-23-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-obligate precursor to invasive breast cancer. However, if left untreated, about 50% of DCIS progress. Preventing such a progression is of paramount importance. Cumulative evidence indicated that the mevalonate cascade, the core of cholesterol biosynthesis, contributes to the regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway providing the isoprenoids required for GTPase activation, the nuclear accumulation of the Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) coactivator, and the subsequent gene transcription and that the disruption of this cooperation associated with tumor progression. Methods In this in silico study, we investigated whether such a disruption occurred already during the transformation of the normal mammary epithelium into DCIS. To this aim, we interrogated a publicly available dataset, and we explored the interrelationship of the genes involved in the de novo cholesterol biosynthesis and the association with those coding for the core components of the Hippo signaling pathway in a set of patient-matched samples of DCIS and corresponding histologically normal (HN) epithelium. Results Most genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis were more expressed in DCIS than in the corresponding HN epithelium. This differential expression was associated with a substantial change in their correlation profile. In particular, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase (HMGCR) and INSIG1 lost the positive association shown in the HN epithelium, and their negative association with LSS switched to a positive one. Also, GGPS1, which plays a crucial role in isoprenoids production, significantly changed its correlation profile. The positive association between GGPS1 and HMGCR or INSIG1 disappeared, whereas the positive association with SQLE, which drives the irreversible commitment to cholesterol, switched to a negative one in DCIS. Conclusions Present findings corroborated the hypothesis that a dysfunctional mevalonate pathway possibly concurs with DCIS development by leading to abnormal production of isoprenoids, which in turn activate GTPases and promote YAP/TAZ nuclear translocation, and suggested the safe and low-cost treatment with statins as the possible winning strategy to contrast this metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Coradini
- Laboratory of Medical Statistics and Biometry, "Giulio A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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12
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Su D, Li Y, Zhang W, Gao H, Cheng Y, Hou Y, Li J, Ye Y, Lai Z, Li Z, Huang H, Li J, Li J, Cheng M, Nian C, Wu N, Zhou Z, Xing Y, Zhao Y, Liu H, Tang J, Chen Q, Hong L, Li W, Peng Z, Zhao B, Johnson RL, Liu P, Hong W, Chen L, Zhou D. SPTAN1/NUMB axis senses cell density to restrain cell growth and oncogenesis through Hippo signaling. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e168888. [PMID: 37843276 PMCID: PMC10575737 DOI: 10.1172/jci168888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss of contact inhibition is a key step during carcinogenesis. The Hippo-Yes-associated protein (Hippo/YAP) pathway is an important regulator of cell growth in a cell density-dependent manner. However, how Hippo signaling senses cell density in this context remains elusive. Here, we report that high cell density induced the phosphorylation of spectrin α chain, nonerythrocytic 1 (SPTAN1), a plasma membrane-stabilizing protein, to recruit NUMB endocytic adaptor protein isoforms 1 and 2 (NUMB1/2), which further sequestered microtubule affinity-regulating kinases (MARKs) in the plasma membrane and rendered them inaccessible for phosphorylation and inhibition of the Hippo kinases sterile 20-like kinases MST1 and MST2 (MST1/2). WW45 interaction with MST1/2 was thereby enhanced, resulting in the activation of Hippo signaling to block YAP activity for cell contact inhibition. Importantly, low cell density led to SPTAN1 dephosphorylation and NUMB cytoplasmic location, along with MST1/2 inhibition and, consequently, YAP activation. Moreover, double KO of NUMB and WW45 in the liver led to appreciable organ enlargement and rapid tumorigenesis. Interestingly, NUMB isoforms 3 and 4, which have a truncated phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain and are thus unable to interact with phosphorylated SPTAN1 and activate MST1/2, were selectively upregulated in liver cancer, which correlated with YAP activation. We have thus revealed a SPTAN1/NUMB1/2 axis that acts as a cell density sensor to restrain cell growth and oncogenesis by coupling external cell-cell contact signals to intracellular Hippo signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Yuxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Weiji Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Huan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Yao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Yongqiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Junhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Yi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Zhangjian Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Haitao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Jinhuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Mengyu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Cheng Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Na Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Zhien Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Yunzhi Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - He Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Jiayu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Qinghua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Lixin Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
| | - Wengang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic and Organ Transplantation Surgery, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhihai Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic and Organ Transplantation Surgery, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Randy L. Johnson
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pingguo Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wanjin Hong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lanfen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dawang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University and
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13
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Kofler M, Kapus A. Nuclear Import and Export of YAP and TAZ. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4956. [PMID: 37894323 PMCID: PMC10605228 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated Protein (YAP) and its paralog Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-binding Motif (TAZ) are major regulators of gene transcription/expression, primarily controlled by the Hippo pathway and the cytoskeleton. Integrating an array of chemical and mechanical signals, they impact growth, differentiation, and regeneration. Accordingly, they also play key roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis formation. Their activity is primarily regulated by their localization, that is, Hippo pathway- and/or cytoskeleton-controlled cytosolic or nuclear sequestration. While many details of such prevailing retention models have been elucidated, much less is known about their actual nuclear traffic: import and export. Although their size is not far from the cutoff for passive diffusion through the nuclear pore complex (NPC), and they do not contain any classic nuclear localization (NLS) or nuclear export signal (NES), evidence has been accumulating that their shuttling involves mediated and thus regulatable/targetable processes. The aim of this review is to summarize emerging information/concepts about their nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, encompassing the relevant structural requirements (NLS, NES), nuclear transport receptors (NTRs, karyophererins), and NPC components, along with the potential transport mechanisms and their regulation. While dissecting retention vs. transport is often challenging, the emerging picture suggests that YAP/TAZ shuttles across the NPC via multiple, non-exclusive, mediated mechanisms, constituting a novel and intriguing facet of YAP/TAZ biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kofler
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada;
| | - András Kapus
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada;
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
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14
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Nguyen MT, Ly QK, Kim HJ, Lee W. FLII Modulates the Myogenic Differentiation of Progenitor Cells via Actin Remodeling-Mediated YAP1 Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14335. [PMID: 37762638 PMCID: PMC10531566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton plays an essential role in myogenesis, which is regulated by diverse mechanisms, such as mechanotransduction, modulation of the Hippo signaling pathway, control of cell proliferation, and the influence of morphological changes. Despite the recognized importance of actin-binding protein Flightless-1 (FLII) during actin remodeling, the role played by FLII in the differentiation of myogenic progenitor cells has not been explored. Here, we investigated the roles of FLII in the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. FLII was found to be enriched in C2C12 myoblasts, and its expression was stable during the early stages of differentiation but down-regulated in fully differentiated myotubes. Knockdown of FLII in C2C12 myoblasts resulted in filamentous actin (F-actin) accumulation and inhibited Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) phosphorylation, which triggers its nuclear translocation from the cytoplasm. Consequently, the expressions of YAP1 target genes, including PCNA, CCNB1, and CCND1, were induced, and the cell cycle and proliferation of myoblasts were promoted. Moreover, FLII knockdown significantly inhibited the expression of myogenic regulatory factors, i.e., MyoD and MyoG, thereby impairing myoblast differentiation, fusion, and myotube formation. Thus, our findings demonstrate that FLII is crucial for the differentiation of myoblasts via modulation of the F-actin/YAP1 axis and suggest that FLII is a putative novel therapeutic target for muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Thi Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (M.T.N.); (Q.K.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Quoc Kiet Ly
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (M.T.N.); (Q.K.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (M.T.N.); (Q.K.L.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Wan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (M.T.N.); (Q.K.L.); (H.-J.K.)
- Channelopathy Research Center, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
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15
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Bulos ML, Grzelak EM, Li-Ma C, Chen E, Hull M, Johnson KA, Bollong MJ. Pharmacological inhibition of CLK2 activates YAP by promoting alternative splicing of AMOTL2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.19.537449. [PMID: 37131806 PMCID: PMC10153145 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.19.537449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP), the downstream effector of the evolutionarily conserved Hippo pathway, promotes cellular proliferation and coordinates certain regenerative responses in mammals. Small molecule activators of YAP may therefore display therapeutic utility in treating disease states involving insufficient proliferative repair. From a high-throughput chemical screen of the comprehensive drug repurposing library ReFRAME, here we report the identification of SM04690, a clinical stage inhibitor of CLK2, as a potent activator of YAP driven transcriptional activity in cells. CLK2 inhibition promotes alternative splicing of the Hippo pathway protein AMOTL2, producing an exon-skipped gene product that can no longer associate with membrane-bound proteins, resulting in decreased phosphorylation and membrane localization of YAP. This study reveals a novel mechanism by which pharmacological perturbation of alternative splicing inactivates the Hippo pathway and promotes YAP dependent cellular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya L. Bulos
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Edyta M. Grzelak
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Chloris Li-Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Emily Chen
- Calibr, A Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Mitchell Hull
- Calibr, A Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | - Michael J. Bollong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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16
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Bencivenga M, Torroni L, Dal Cero M, Quinzii A, Zecchetto C, Merz V, Casalino S, Taus F, Pietrobono S, Mangiameli D, Filippini F, Alloggio M, Castelli C, Iglesias M, Pera M, Melisi D. YAP Activation Is Associated with a Worse Prognosis of Poorly Cohesive Gastric Cancer. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1294. [PMID: 37763062 PMCID: PMC10532557 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Poorly cohesive (PC) gastric cancer (GC) is extremely aggressive in progression, and there is an urgent need to identify the molecular pathways involved. We hypothesized the essential role of the RhoA-YAP axis in these mechanisms. The present observational multicenter retrospective study included 133 patients with PC GC treated at two dedicated European surgical centers between 2004 and 2014. YAP nuclear localization was measured by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of tissue biopsies. The complete absence of nuclear reactivity was coded as negative expression; we considered "any positive" as low nuclear expression (>0% but <10% of cells) and high nuclear expression (≥10% of cells). Women represented about half of the present series (52%), and the median age was 64 years (p25-p75 range: 53-75). Neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments were administered to 10% and 54% of the cases, respectively. Extended systemic lymphadenectomy (D2) was the most common (54%). In nearly all cases, the number of retrieved nodes was ≥15, i.e., adequate for tumor staging (94%). An R0 resection was achieved in 80% of the cases. Most patients were pathological T stage 3 and 4 (pT3/pT4 = 79.0%) and pathological N stage 2, 3a, and 3b (pN2/pN3a/pN3b = 47.0%) at the pathological examination. Twenty patients (15%) presented distant metastases. Five-year overall survival (OS) was significantly higher (p = 0.029) in patients with negative YAP (46%, 95% CI 31.1-60.0%) than in the other patients (27%, 17.5-38.1%). Moreover, when controlling for sex, age, pT, pN, and percentage of signet ring cells in the multivariable analysis, YAP expression was a significant predictor of OS (HR 2.03, 95% CI: 1.18-3.51, p = 0.011). Our results provide new insights into the role of the YAP signaling cascade, as its activation was associated with a worse prognosis in PC GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bencivenga
- General and Upper GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Verona University, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.)
| | - Lorena Torroni
- General and Upper GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Verona University, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.)
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Mariagiulia Dal Cero
- General and Upper GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Verona University, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.)
- Section of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Department of Surgery, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Quinzii
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Camilla Zecchetto
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Merz
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Casalino
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Taus
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Pietrobono
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Domenico Mangiameli
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Filippini
- General and Upper GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Verona University, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.)
| | - Mariella Alloggio
- General and Upper GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Verona University, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.)
| | - Claudia Castelli
- Anatomical Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Mar Iglesias
- Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Pera
- Section of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Department of Surgery, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Davide Melisi
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
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17
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Wang Y, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Chang Y, Geng F, Ma M, Gu Y, Yu A, Zhu R, Yu P, Sha Z, Qi S, Li J, Zhao W, Pan W, Zhang R, Yu F. Proteolytic activation of angiomotin by DDI2 promotes angiogenesis. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112900. [PMID: 37350545 PMCID: PMC10390880 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The scaffolding protein angiomotin (AMOT) is indispensable for vertebrate embryonic angiogenesis. Here, we report that AMOT undergoes cleavage in the presence of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid growth factor also involved in angiogenesis. AMOT cleavage is mediated by aspartic protease DNA damage-inducible 1 homolog 2 (DDI2), and the process is tightly regulated by a signaling axis including neurofibromin 2 (NF2), tankyrase 1/2 (TNKS1/2), and RING finger protein 146 (RNF146), which induce AMOT membrane localization, poly ADP ribosylation, and ubiquitination, respectively. In both zebrafish and mice, the genetic inactivation of AMOT cleavage regulators leads to defective angiogenesis, and the phenotype is rescued by the overexpression of AMOT-CT, a C-terminal AMOT cleavage product. In either physiological or pathological angiogenesis, AMOT-CT is required for vascular expansion, whereas uncleavable AMOT represses this process. Thus, our work uncovers a signaling pathway that regulates angiogenesis by modulating a cleavage-dependent activation of AMOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuwen Zhu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yebin Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yue Chang
- School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated DiseaseWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fang Geng
- School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated DiseaseWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Mingyue Ma
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan Gu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Aijuan Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Rui Zhu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhao Sha
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Sixian Qi
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wencao Zhao
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)ShanghaiChina
| | - Weijun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)ShanghaiChina
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated DiseaseWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Fa‐Xing Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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18
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Cao R, Zhu R, Sha Z, Qi S, Zhong Z, Zheng F, Lei Y, Tan Y, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Yu FX. WWC1/2 regulate spinogenesis and cognition in mice by stabilizing AMOT. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:491. [PMID: 37528078 PMCID: PMC10394084 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
WWC1 regulates episodic learning and memory, and genetic nucleotide polymorphism of WWC1 is associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. However, the molecular mechanism through which WWC1 regulates neuronal function has not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that WWC1 and its paralogs (WWC2/3) bind directly to angiomotin (AMOT) family proteins (Motins), and recruit USP9X to deubiquitinate and stabilize Motins. Deletion of WWC genes in different cell types leads to reduced protein levels of Motins. In mice, neuron-specific deletion of Wwc1 and Wwc2 results in reduced expression of Motins and lower density of dendritic spines in the cortex and hippocampus, in association with impaired cognitive functions such as memory and learning. Interestingly, ectopic expression of AMOT partially rescues the neuronal phenotypes associated with Wwc1/2 deletion. Thus, WWC proteins modulate spinogenesis and cognition, at least in part, by regulating the protein stability of Motins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyi Cao
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhao Sha
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Sixian Qi
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhong
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fengyun Zheng
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yubin Lei
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanfeng Tan
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuwen Zhu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, No. 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Fa-Xing Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, The International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, the State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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19
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Subramani A, Cui W, Zhang Y, Friman T, Zhao Z, Huang W, Fonseca P, Lui WO, Narayanan V, Bobrowska J, Lekka M, Yan J, Conway DE, Holmgren L. Modulation of E-Cadherin Function through the AmotL2 Isoforms Promotes Ameboid Cell Invasion. Cells 2023; 12:1682. [PMID: 37443716 PMCID: PMC10340588 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of tumor cells and the formation of distant metastasis remain the main causes of mortality in cancer patients. However, the mechanisms governing the release of cells from micro-environmental constraints remain unclear. E-cadherin negatively controls the invasion of epithelial cells by maintaining cell-cell contacts. Furthermore, the inactivation of E-cadherin triggers invasion in vitro. However, the role of E-cadherin is complex, as metastasizing cells maintain E-cadherin expression, which appears to have a positive role in the survival of tumor cells. In this report, we present a novel mechanism delineating how E-cadherin function is modulated to promote invasion. We have previously shown that E-cadherin is associated with p100AmotL2, which is required for radial actin formation and the transmission of mechanical force. Here, we present evidence that p60AmotL2, which is expressed in invading tumor cells, binds to the p100AmotL2 isoform and uncouples the mechanical constraint of radial actin filaments. We show for the first time that the coupling of E-cadherin to the actin cytoskeleton via p100AmotL2 is directly connected to the nuclear membrane. The expression of p60AmotL2 inactivates this connection and alters the properties of the nuclear lamina, potentiating the invasion of cells into micropores of the extracellular matrix. In summary, we propose that the balance of the two AmotL2 isoforms is important in the modulation of E-cadherin function and that an imbalance of this axis promotes ameboid cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravindh Subramani
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, U2, Bioclinicum J6:20, Solnavägen 30 Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (P.F.); (W.-O.L.)
| | - Weiyingqi Cui
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, U2, Bioclinicum J6:20, Solnavägen 30 Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (P.F.); (W.-O.L.)
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, U2, Bioclinicum J6:20, Solnavägen 30 Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (P.F.); (W.-O.L.)
| | - Tomas Friman
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, U2, Bioclinicum J6:20, Solnavägen 30 Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (P.F.); (W.-O.L.)
| | - Zhihai Zhao
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science: 2 Science Drive 3, S7-01-10, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 117542, Singapore; (Z.Z.); (W.H.); (J.Y.)
- Mechanobiology Institute (MBI): T-Lab, #10-02, 5A Engineering Drive 1, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Wenmao Huang
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science: 2 Science Drive 3, S7-01-10, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 117542, Singapore; (Z.Z.); (W.H.); (J.Y.)
- Mechanobiology Institute (MBI): T-Lab, #10-02, 5A Engineering Drive 1, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Pedro Fonseca
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, U2, Bioclinicum J6:20, Solnavägen 30 Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (P.F.); (W.-O.L.)
| | - Weng-Onn Lui
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, U2, Bioclinicum J6:20, Solnavägen 30 Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (P.F.); (W.-O.L.)
| | - Vani Narayanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; (V.N.); (D.E.C.)
| | - Justyna Bobrowska
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland; (J.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Małgorzata Lekka
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland; (J.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science: 2 Science Drive 3, S7-01-10, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 117542, Singapore; (Z.Z.); (W.H.); (J.Y.)
- Mechanobiology Institute (MBI): T-Lab, #10-02, 5A Engineering Drive 1, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Daniel E. Conway
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; (V.N.); (D.E.C.)
| | - Lars Holmgren
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, U2, Bioclinicum J6:20, Solnavägen 30 Karolinska Institutet, Solna, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden; (A.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (P.F.); (W.-O.L.)
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20
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Meli VS, Veerasubramanian PK, Downing TL, Wang W, Liu WF. Mechanosensation to inflammation: Roles for YAP/TAZ in innate immune cells. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eadc9656. [PMID: 37130167 PMCID: PMC10625748 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adc9656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Innate immune cells are responsible for eliminating foreign infectious agents and cellular debris, and their ability to perceive, respond to, and integrate biochemical and mechanical cues from their microenvironment eventually determines their behavior. In response to tissue injury, pathogen invasion, or a biomaterial implant, immune cells activate many pathways to initiate inflammation in the tissue. In addition to common inflammatory pathways, studies have demonstrated the role of the mechanosensitive proteins and transcriptional coactivators YAP and TAZ (YAP/TAZ) in inflammation and immunity. We review our knowledge of YAP/TAZ in controlling inflammation and immunity in innate immune cells. Furthermore, we discuss the roles of YAP/TAZ in inflammatory diseases, wound healing, and tissue regeneration and how they integrate mechanical cues with biochemical signaling during disease progression. Last, we comment on possible approaches that can be exploited to harness the therapeutic potential of YAP/TAZ in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaykumar S. Meli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
- UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, (CIRC), University of California Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Praveen Krishna Veerasubramanian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
- UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, (CIRC), University of California Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Timothy L. Downing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
- UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, (CIRC), University of California Irvine, CA 92697
- NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Wendy F. Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
- UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, (CIRC), University of California Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, CA 92697
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21
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Strong A, Rao S, von Hardenberg S, Li D, Cox LL, Lee PC, Zhang LQ, Awotoye W, Diamond T, Gold J, Gooch C, Gowans LJJ, Hakonarson H, Hing A, Loomes K, Martin N, Marazita ML, Mononen T, Piccoli D, Pfundt R, Raskin S, Scherer SW, Sobriera N, Vaccaro C, Wang X, Watson D, Weksberg R, Bhoj E, Murray JC, Lidral AC, Butali A, Buckley MF, Roscioli T, Koolen DA, Seaver LH, Prows CA, Stottmann RW, Cox TC. A mutational hotspot in AMOTL1 defines a new syndrome of orofacial clefting, cardiac anomalies, and tall stature. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:1227-1239. [PMID: 36751037 PMCID: PMC10081944 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
AMOTL1 encodes angiomotin-like protein 1, an actin-binding protein that regulates cell polarity, adhesion, and migration. The role of AMOTL1 in human disease is equivocal. We report a large cohort of individuals harboring heterozygous AMOTL1 variants and define a core phenotype of orofacial clefting, congenital heart disease, tall stature, auricular anomalies, and gastrointestinal manifestations in individuals with variants in AMOTL1 affecting amino acids 157-161, a functionally undefined but highly conserved region. Three individuals with AMOTL1 variants outside this region are also described who had variable presentations with orofacial clefting and multi-organ disease. Our case cohort suggests that heterozygous missense variants in AMOTL1, most commonly affecting amino acid residues 157-161, define a new orofacial clefting syndrome, and indicates an important functional role for this undefined region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna Strong
- The Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Soumya Rao
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, Missouri
| | | | - Dong Li
- The Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Liza L. Cox
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Paul C. Lee
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Li Q. Zhang
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Waheed Awotoye
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Tamir Diamond
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jessica Gold
- The Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Catherine Gooch
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Lord Jephthah Joojo Gowans
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkurumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- The Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anne Hing
- Division of Craniofacial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kathleen Loomes
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nicole Martin
- Division of Clinical & Metabolic Genetics and Department of Genetic Counselling, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tarja Mononen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - David Piccoli
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Salmo Raskin
- Assistance Center for Cleft Lip and Palate (CAIF), Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Stephen W. Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics and Department of Genetics & Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre and Dept. of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nara Sobriera
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Courtney Vaccaro
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiang Wang
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Deborah Watson
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Clinical & Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, and Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Bhoj
- The Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Division of Genomic Diagnostics and Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Azeez Butali
- Departments of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry & Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Michael F. Buckley
- NSW Health Pathology Genomics Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Tony Roscioli
- NSW Health Pathology Genomics Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia and Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - David A. Koolen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laurie H. Seaver
- Spectrum Health Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Cynthia A. Prows
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Patient Services, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Rolf W. Stottmann
- Divisions of Human Genetics and Patient Services, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Steve & Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Timothy C. Cox
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, Missouri
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, Missouri, 64108, USA
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22
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Tokarz VL, Pereira RVS, Jaldin-Fincati JR, Mylvaganam S, Klip A. Junctional integrity and directional mobility of lymphatic endothelial cell monolayers are disrupted by saturated fatty acids. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar28. [PMID: 36735487 PMCID: PMC10092641 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-08-0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic circulation regulates transfer of tissue fluid and immune cells toward the venous circulation. While obesity impairs lymphatic vessel function, the contribution of lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) to metabolic disease phenotypes is poorly understood. LEC of lymphatic microvessels are in direct contact with the interstitial fluid, whose composition changes during the development of obesity, markedly by increases in saturated fatty acids. Palmitate, the most prevalent saturated fatty acid in lymph and blood, is detrimental to metabolism and function of diverse tissues, but its impact on LEC function is relatively unknown. Here, palmitate (but not its unsaturated counterpart palmitoleate) destabilized adherens junctions in human microvascular LEC in culture, visualized as changes in VE-cadherin, α-catenin, and β-catenin localization. Detachment of these proteins from cortical actin filaments was associated with abundant actomyosin stress fibers. The effects were Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK)- and myosin-dependent, as inhibition with Y27632 or blebbistatin, respectively, prevented stress fiber accumulation and preserved junctions. Without functional junctions, palmitate-treated LEC failed to directionally migrate to close wounds in two dimensions and failed to form endothelial tubes in three dimensions. A reorganization of the lymphatic endothelial actin cytoskeleton may contribute to lymphatic dysfunction in obesity and could be considered as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Tokarz
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Rafaela V S Pereira
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | | | - Sivakami Mylvaganam
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Amira Klip
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
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23
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Amirifar P, Kissil J. The role of Motin family proteins in tumorigenesis-an update. Oncogene 2023; 42:1265-1271. [PMID: 36973516 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02677-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The Motin protein family consists of three members: AMOT (p80 and p130 isoforms), AMOT-like protein 1 (AMOTL1), and AMOT-like protein 2 (AMOTL2). The family members play an important role in processes such as cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, tight junction formation, and cell polarity. These functions are mediated through the involvement of the Motins in the regulation of different signal transduction pathways, including those regulated by small G-proteins and the Hippo-YAP pathway. One of the more characterized aspects of Motin family function is their role in regulating signaling through the Hippo-YAP pathway, and while some studies suggest a YAP-inhibitory function other studies indicate the Motins are required for YAP activity. This duality is also reflected in previous reports, often contradictory, that suggest the Motin proteins can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in tumorigenesis. In this review we summarize recent findings and integrate that with the existing work describing the multifunctional role of the Motins in different cancers. The emerging picture suggests that the Motin protein function is cell-type and context dependent and that further investigation in relevant cell types and whole organism models is required for the elucidation of the function of this protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Amirifar
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Biology Evolution Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joseph Kissil
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Biology Evolution Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
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24
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Nattasit P, Niibe K, Yamada M, Ohori-Morita Y, Limraksasin P, Tiskratok W, Yamamoto M, Egusa H. Stiffness-Tunable Hydrogel-Sandwich Culture Modulates the YAP-Mediated Mechanoresponse in Induced-Pluripotent Stem Cell Embryoid Bodies and Augments Cardiomyocyte Differentiation. Macromol Biosci 2023:e2300021. [PMID: 36871184 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Microenvironmental factors, including substrate stiffness, regulate stem cell behavior and differentiation. However, the effects of substrate stiffness on the behavior of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)- derived embryoid bodies (EB) remain unclear. To investigate the effects of mechanical cues on iPSC-EB differentiation, a 3D hydrogel-sandwich culture (HGSC) system is developed that controls the microenvironment surrounding iPSC-EBs using a stiffness-tunable polyacrylamide hydrogel assembly. Mouse iPSC-EBs are seeded between upper and lower polyacrylamide hydrogels of differing stiffness (Young's modulus [E'] = 54.3 ± 7.1 kPa [hard], 28.1 ± 2.3 kPa [moderate], and 5.1 ± 0.1 kPa [soft]) and cultured for 2 days. HGSC induces stiffness-dependent activation of the yes-associated protein (YAP) mechanotransducer and actin cytoskeleton rearrangement in the iPSC-EBs. Moreover, moderate-stiffness HGSC specifically upregulates the mRNA and protein expression of ectoderm and mesoderm lineage differentiation markers in iPSC-EBs via YAP-mediated mechanotransduction. Pretreatment of mouse iPSC-EBs with moderate-stiffness HGSC promotes cardiomyocyte (CM) differentiation and structural maturation of myofibrils. The proposed HGSC system provides a viable platform for investigating the role of mechanical cues on the pluripotency and differentiation of iPSCs that can be beneficial for research into tissue regeneration and engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praphawi Nattasit
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kunimichi Niibe
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamada
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yumi Ohori-Morita
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Phoonsuk Limraksasin
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Watcharaphol Tiskratok
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Institute of Dentistry, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department of Material Processing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Engineering, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Center for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
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CircAMOTL1 RNA and AMOTL1 Protein: Complex Functions of AMOTL1 Gene Products. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032103. [PMID: 36768425 PMCID: PMC9916871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity of the cellular proteome facilitates the control of a wide range of cellular processes. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, greatly contribute to the repertoire of tools used by cells to orchestrate various functions. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a specific class of non-coding RNAs that have recently emerged as a widely generated class of molecules produced from many eukaryotic genes that play essential roles in regulating cellular processes in health and disease. This review summarizes current knowledge about circRNAs and focuses on the functions of AMOTL1 circRNAs and AMOTL1 protein. Both products from the AMOTL1 gene have well-known functions in physiology, cancer, and other disorders. Using AMOTL1 as an example, we illustrate how focusing on both circRNAs and proteins produced from the same gene contributes to a better understanding of gene functions.
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26
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Messina B, Lo Sardo F, Scalera S, Memeo L, Colarossi C, Mare M, Blandino G, Ciliberto G, Maugeri-Saccà M, Bon G. Hippo pathway dysregulation in gastric cancer: from Helicobacter pylori infection to tumor promotion and progression. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:21. [PMID: 36635265 PMCID: PMC9837097 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05568-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays a critical role for balancing proliferation and differentiation, thus regulating tissue homeostasis. The pathway acts through a kinase cascade whose final effectors are the Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralog transcriptional co‑activator with PDZ‑binding motif (TAZ). In response to a variety of upstream signals, YAP and TAZ activate a transcriptional program that modulates cellular proliferation, tissue repair after injury, stem cell fate decision, and cytoskeletal reorganization. Hippo pathway signaling is often dysregulated in gastric cancer and in Helicobacter pylori-induced infection, suggesting a putative role of its deregulation since the early stages of the disease. In this review, we summarize the architecture and regulation of the Hippo pathway and discuss how its dysregulation fuels the onset and progression of gastric cancer. In this setting, we also focus on the crosstalk between Hippo and other established oncogenic signaling pathways. Lastly, we provide insights into the therapeutic approaches targeting aberrant YAP/TAZ activation and discuss the related clinical perspectives and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Messina
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Sardo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Scalera
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Pathology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Italy
| | | | - Marzia Mare
- Medical Oncology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Bon
- Cellular Network and Molecular Therapeutic Target Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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27
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Xiang J, Jiang M, Du X. The role of Hippo pathway in ferroptosis. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1107505. [PMID: 36713588 PMCID: PMC9874674 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1107505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of Hippo pathway in ferroptosis The Hippo pathway is mainly composed of mammalian serine/threonine (Ste20)like kinases 1/2 (MST1/2), large tumor suppressor 1/2 (LATS1/2), and transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP), and is closely related to cell growth, survival, proliferation, and migration; tissue and organ size control; and tumorigenesis and development. Ferroptosis is a regulated form of cell death characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the depletion of plasma membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which is caused by the imbalance of oxidation and the antioxidant system. This article elaborates the role of Hippo pathway in ferroptosis, providing ideas for the regulation of cell fate and the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxia Xiang
- Department of Traumatology, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengmeng Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Du
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Xing Du,
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28
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Piccolo S, Panciera T, Contessotto P, Cordenonsi M. YAP/TAZ as master regulators in cancer: modulation, function and therapeutic approaches. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:9-26. [PMID: 36564601 PMCID: PMC7614914 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-022-00473-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the function of the transcriptional regulators YAP and TAZ (YAP/TAZ) in cancer is advancing. In this Review, we provide an update on recent progress in YAP/TAZ biology, their regulation by Hippo signaling and mechanotransduction and highlight open questions. YAP/TAZ signaling is an addiction shared by multiple tumor types and their microenvironments, providing many malignant attributes. As such, it represents an important vulnerability that may offer a broad window of therapeutic efficacy, and here we give an overview of the current treatment strategies and pioneering clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Piccolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
- IFOM-ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
| | - Tito Panciera
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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29
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Loria R, Laquintana V, Scalera S, Fraioli R, Caprara V, Falcone I, Bazzichetto C, Di Martile M, Rosanò L, Del Bufalo D, Bossi G, Sperduti I, Terrenato I, Visca P, Soddu S, Milella M, Ciliberto G, Falcioni R, Ferraresi V, Bon G. SEMA6A/RhoA/YAP axis mediates tumor-stroma interactions and prevents response to dual BRAF/MEK inhibition in BRAF-mutant melanoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:148. [PMID: 35440004 PMCID: PMC9016967 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the promise of dual BRAF/MEK inhibition as a therapy for BRAF-mutant (BRAF-mut) melanoma, heterogeneous responses have been observed in patients, thus predictors of benefit from therapy are needed. We have previously identified semaphorin 6A (SEMA6A) as a BRAF-mut-associated protein involved in actin cytoskeleton remodeling. The purpose of the present study is to dissect the role of SEMA6A in the biology of BRAF-mut melanoma, and to explore its predictive potential towards dual BRAF/MEK inhibition. Methods SEMA6A expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in melanoma cohort RECI1 (N = 112) and its prognostic potential was investigated in BRAF-mut melanoma patients from DFCI and TCGA datasets (N = 258). The molecular mechanisms regulated by SEMA6A to sustain tumor aggressiveness and targeted therapy resistance were investigated in vitro by using BRAF-mut and BRAF-wt melanoma cell lines, an inducible SEMA6A silencing cell model and a microenvironment-mimicking fibroblasts-coculturing model. Finally, SEMA6A prediction of benefit from dual BRAF/MEK inhibition was investigated in melanoma cohort RECI2 (N = 14). Results Our results indicate higher protein expression of SEMA6A in BRAF-mut compared with BRAF-wt melanoma patients and show that SEMA6A is a prognostic indicator in BRAF-mut melanoma from TCGA and DFCI patients cohorts. In BRAF-mut melanoma cells, SEMA6A coordinates actin cytoskeleton remodeling by the RhoA-dependent activation of YAP and dual BRAF/MEK inhibition by dabrafenib+trametinib induces SEMA6A/RhoA/YAP axis. In microenvironment-mimicking co-culture condition, fibroblasts confer to melanoma cells a proliferative stimulus and protect them from targeted therapies, whereas SEMA6A depletion rescues the efficacy of dual BRAF/MEK inhibition. Finally, in BRAF-mut melanoma patients treated with dabrafenib+trametinib, high SEMA6A predicts shorter recurrence-free interval. Conclusions Overall, our results indicate that SEMA6A contributes to microenvironment-coordinated evasion of melanoma cells from dual BRAF/MEK inhibition and it might be a good candidate predictor of short-term benefit from dual BRAF/MEK inhibition. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02354-w.
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30
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Wang L, Choi K, Su T, Li B, Wu X, Zhang R, Driskill JH, Li H, Lei H, Guo P, Chen EH, Zheng Y, Pan D. Multiphase coalescence mediates Hippo pathway activation. Cell 2022; 185:4376-4393.e18. [PMID: 36318920 PMCID: PMC9669202 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The function of biomolecular condensates is often restricted by condensate dissolution. Whether condensates can be suppressed without condensate dissolution is unclear. Here, we show that upstream regulators of the Hippo signaling pathway form functionally antagonizing condensates, and their coalescence into a common phase provides a mode of counteracting the function of biomolecular condensates without condensate dissolution. Specifically, the negative regulator SLMAP forms Hippo-inactivating condensates to facilitate pathway inhibition by the STRIPAK complex. In response to cell-cell contact or osmotic stress, the positive regulators AMOT and KIBRA form Hippo-activating condensates to facilitate pathway activation. The functionally antagonizing SLMAP and AMOT/KIBRA condensates further coalesce into a common phase to inhibit STRIPAK function. These findings provide a paradigm for restricting the activity of biomolecular condensates without condensate dissolution, shed light on the molecular principles of multiphase organization, and offer a conceptual framework for understanding upstream regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kyungsuk Choi
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ting Su
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ruihui Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jordan H Driskill
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hongde Li
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Huiyan Lei
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pengfei Guo
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yonggang Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Duojia Pan
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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31
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Ahmad US, Uttagomol J, Wan H. The Regulation of the Hippo Pathway by Intercellular Junction Proteins. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1792. [PMID: 36362947 PMCID: PMC9696951 DOI: 10.3390/life12111792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that serves to promote cell death and differentiation while inhibiting cellular proliferation across species. The downstream effectors of this pathway, yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), are considered vital in promoting the output of the Hippo pathway, with activation of upstream kinases negatively regulating YAP/TAZ activity. The upstream regulation of the Hippo pathway is not entirely understood on a molecular level. However, several studies have shown that numerous cellular and non-cellular mechanisms such as cell polarity, contact inhibition, soluble factors, mechanical forces, and metabolism can convey external stimuli to the intracellular kinase cascade, promoting the activation of key components of the Hippo pathway and therefore regulating the subcellular localisation and protein activity of YAP/TAZ. This review will summarise what we have learnt about the role of intercellular junction-associated proteins in the activation of this pathway, including adherens junctions and tight junctions, and in particular our latest findings about the desmosomal components, including desmoglein-3 (DSG3), in the regulation of YAP signalling, phosphorylation, and subcellular translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Sharif Ahmad
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Jutamas Uttagomol
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Hong Wan
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
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32
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Shi Q, Zheng L, Na J, Li X, Yang Z, Chen X, Song Y, Li C, Zhou L, Fan Y. Fluid shear stress promotes periodontal ligament cells proliferation via p38-AMOT-YAP. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:551. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04591-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Alarcon VB, Marikawa Y. Trophectoderm formation: regulation of morphogenesis and gene expressions by RHO, ROCK, cell polarity, and HIPPO signaling. Reproduction 2022; 164:R75-R86. [PMID: 35900353 PMCID: PMC9398960 DOI: 10.1530/rep-21-0478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In brief Trophectoderm is the first tissue to differentiate in the early mammalian embryo and is essential for hatching, implantation, and placentation. This review article discusses the roles of Ras homolog family members (RHO) and RHO-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinases (ROCK) in the molecular and cellular regulation of trophectoderm formation. Abstract The trophectoderm (TE) is the first tissue to differentiate during the preimplantation development of placental mammals. It constitutes the outer epithelial layer of the blastocyst and is responsible for hatching, uterine attachment, and placentation. Thus, its formation is the key initial step that enables the viviparity of mammals. Here, we first describe the general features of TE formation at the morphological and molecular levels. Prospective TE cells form an epithelial layer enclosing an expanding fluid-filled cavity by establishing the apical-basal cell polarity, intercellular junctions, microlumen, and osmotic gradient. A unique set of genes is expressed in TE that encode the transcription factors essential for the development of trophoblasts of the placenta upon implantation. TE-specific gene expressions are driven by the inhibition of HIPPO signaling, which is dependent on the prior establishment of the apical-basal polarity. We then discuss the specific roles of RHO and ROCK as essential regulators of TE formation. RHO and ROCK modulate the actomyosin cytoskeleton, apical-basal polarity, intercellular junctions, and HIPPO signaling, thereby orchestrating the epithelialization and gene expressions in TE. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying TE formation is crucial for assisted reproductive technologies in human and farm animals, as it provides foundation to help improve procedures for embryo handling and selection to achieve better reproductive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vernadeth B. Alarcon
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Yusuke Marikawa
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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34
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Role of Yes-Associated Protein in Psoriasis and Skin Tumor Pathogenesis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12060978. [PMID: 35743763 PMCID: PMC9225571 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis and skin tumors (such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma) are chronic diseases that endanger physical and mental health, and yet the causes are largely unknown and treatment options limited. The development of targeted drugs requires a better understanding of the exact pathogenesis of these diseases, and Yes-associated protein (YAP), a member of the Hippo signaling pathway, is believed to play an important role. Psoriasis and skin tumors are characterized by excessive cell proliferation, abnormal differentiation, vasodilation, and proliferation. Here, we review the literature related to YAP-associated disease mechanisms and discuss the latest research. YAP regulates cell apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation; inhibits cell density and intercellular contacts and angiogenesis; and maintains the three-dimensional structure of the skin. These mechanisms may be associated with the occurrence and development of psoriasis and skin tumors. The results of recent studies have shown that YAP expression is increased in psoriasis and skin tumors. High expression of YAP in psoriasis and skin tumors may indicate its positive functions in skin inflammation and malignancies and may play an important role in disease pathogenesis. The study of new drugs targeting YAP can provide novel approaches for the treatment of skin diseases.
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35
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Guo CL. Self-Sustained Regulation or Self-Perpetuating Dysregulation: ROS-dependent HIF-YAP-Notch Signaling as a Double-Edged Sword on Stem Cell Physiology and Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862791. [PMID: 35774228 PMCID: PMC9237464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ development, homeostasis, and repair often rely on bidirectional, self-organized cell-niche interactions, through which cells select cell fate, such as stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. The niche contains multiplexed chemical and mechanical factors. How cells interpret niche structural information such as the 3D topology of organs and integrate with multiplexed mechano-chemical signals is an open and active research field. Among all the niche factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently gained growing interest. Once considered harmful, ROS are now recognized as an important niche factor in the regulation of tissue mechanics and topology through, for example, the HIF-YAP-Notch signaling pathways. These pathways are not only involved in the regulation of stem cell physiology but also associated with inflammation, neurological disorder, aging, tumorigenesis, and the regulation of the immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1. Positive feedback circuits have been identified in the interplay of ROS and HIF-YAP-Notch signaling, leading to the possibility that under aberrant conditions, self-organized, ROS-dependent physiological regulations can be switched to self-perpetuating dysregulation, making ROS a double-edged sword at the interface of stem cell physiology and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on how ROS and tissue mechanics affect YAP-HIF-Notch-PD-L1 signaling, hoping that the knowledge can be used to design strategies for stem cell-based and ROS-targeting therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Lin Guo
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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36
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Vogel A, Crawford A, Nyarko A. Multivalent Angiomotin-like 1 and Yes-associated protein form a dynamic complex. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4295. [PMID: 35481651 PMCID: PMC8994507 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent complexes formed between the cancer-promoting transcriptional co-activator, Yes-associated protein (YAP), and proteins containing short linear motifs of type PPxY modulate cell proliferation and are attractive therapeutic targets. However, challenges producing PPxY polypeptides containing the full binding domain has limited understanding of the assembly process. Here, we successfully produced a polypeptide containing the complete set of three PPxY binding sites of Angiomotin-like 1 (AMOTL1), a scaffolding protein that regulates the nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of YAP via WW-PPxY interactions. Using an array of biophysical techniques including isothermal titration calorimetry, size-exclusion chromatography coupled to multi-angle light scattering, and solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we show that the AMOTL1 polypeptide is partially disordered, and binds the YAP WW domains to form an ensemble of complexes of varying stabilities. The binding process is initiated by the binding of one YAP WW domain to one AMOTL1 PPxY motif and is completed by transient interactions of the second YAP WW domain with a second AMOTL1 PPxY motif to form an equilibrating mixture composed of various species having two YAP sites bound to two conjugate AMOTL1 sites. We rationalize that the transient interactions fine-tune the stability of the complex for rapid assembly and disassembly in response to changes in the local cellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Vogel
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Alexandra Crawford
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Afua Nyarko
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
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37
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Russell JO, Camargo FD. Hippo signalling in the liver: role in development, regeneration and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:297-312. [PMID: 35064256 PMCID: PMC9199961 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00571-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway has emerged as a major player in many aspects of liver biology, such as development, cell fate determination, homeostatic function and regeneration from injury. The regulation of Hippo signalling is complex, with activation of the pathway by diverse upstream inputs including signals from cellular adhesion, mechanotransduction and crosstalk with other signalling pathways. Pathological activation of the downstream transcriptional co-activators yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ, encoded by WWTR1), which are negatively regulated by Hippo signalling, has been implicated in multiple aspects of chronic liver disease, such as the development of liver fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Thus, development of pharmacological inhibitors of YAP-TAZ signalling has been an area of great interest. In this Review, we summarize the diverse roles of Hippo signalling in liver biology and highlight areas where outstanding questions remain to be investigated. Greater understanding of the mechanisms of Hippo signalling in liver function should help facilitate the development of novel therapies for the treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn O Russell
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Fernando D Camargo
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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38
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Caire R, Dalix E, Chafchafi M, Thomas M, Linossier MT, Normand M, Guignandon A, Vico L, Marotte H. YAP Transcriptional Activity Dictates Cell Response to TNF In Vitro. Front Immunol 2022; 13:856247. [PMID: 35401557 PMCID: PMC8989468 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.856247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
YAP/TAZ are transcription co-factors recently described responsive to pro-inflammatory cytokines and involved in inflammatory-related disorders. However, the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine, on YAP signaling is not well understood and controversial. Here, we observe in vitro, using wild type and YAP knockout HEK293 cells, that TNF triggers YAP nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity, thus being dependent on Rho family of GTPases. In response to TNF, YAP transcriptional activity orientates cell fate toward survival. Transcriptional analysis with Nanostring technology reveals that YAP modulates TNF-induced increase in fibro-inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB, inflammasomes, cytokines or chemokines signaling and pro-fibrotic pathways involving TGF-β and extracellular matrix remodeling. Therefore, in response to TNF, YAP acts as a sustainer of the inflammatory response and as a molecular link between inflammation and fibrotic processes. This work identifies that YAP is critical to drive several biological effects of TNF which are involved in cancer and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Caire
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Elisa Dalix
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marwa Chafchafi
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Mireille Thomas
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Myriam Normand
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Alain Guignandon
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laurence Vico
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Hubert Marotte
- INSERM, U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France.,Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord, University Hospital Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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Matsuda A, Mofrad MRK. On the nuclear pore complex and its emerging role in cellular mechanotransduction. APL Bioeng 2022; 6:011504. [PMID: 35308827 PMCID: PMC8916845 DOI: 10.1063/5.0080480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a large protein assembly that perforates the nuclear envelope and provides a sole gateway for traffic between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. The NPC controls the nucleocytoplasmic transport by selectively allowing cargoes such as proteins and mRNA to pass through its central channel, thereby playing a vital role in protecting the nuclear component and regulating gene expression and protein synthesis. The selective transport through the NPC originates from its exquisite molecular structure featuring a large scaffold and the intrinsically disordered central channel domain, but the exact mechanism underlying the selective transport remains elusive and is the subject of various, often conflicting, hypotheses. Moreover, recent studies have suggested a new role for the NPC as a mechanosensor, where the NPC changes its channel diameter depending on the nuclear envelope tension, altering the molecular transportability through this nanopore. In this mini-review, we summarize the current understandings of the selective nature of the NPC and discuss its emerging role in cellular mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Matsuda
- Molecular Cell Biomechanics Laboratory, Departments of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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40
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Esposito D, Pant I, Shen Y, Qiao RF, Yang X, Bai Y, Jin J, Poulikakos PI, Aaronson SA. ROCK1 mechano-signaling dependency of human malignancies driven by TEAD/YAP activation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:703. [PMID: 35121738 PMCID: PMC8817028 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28319-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho family mechano-signaling through the actin cytoskeleton positively regulates physiological TEAD/YAP transcription, while the evolutionarily conserved Hippo tumor suppressor pathway antagonizes this transcription through YAP cytoplasmic localization/degradation. The mechanisms responsible for oncogenic dysregulation of these pathways, their prevalence in tumors, as well as how such dysregulation can be therapeutically targeted are not resolved. We demonstrate that p53 DNA contact mutants in human tumors, indirectly hyperactivate RhoA/ROCK1/actomyosin signaling, which is both necessary and sufficient to drive oncogenic TEAD/YAP transcription. Moreover, we demonstrate that recurrent lesions in the Hippo pathway depend on physiological levels of ROCK1/actomyosin signaling for oncogenic TEAD/YAP transcription. Finally, we show that ROCK inhibitors selectively antagonize proliferation and motility of human tumors with either mechanism. Thus, we identify a cancer driver paradigm and a precision medicine approach for selective targeting of human malignancies driven by TEAD/YAP transcription through mechanisms that either upregulate or depend on homeostatic RhoA mechano-signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Esposito
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ila Pant
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yao Shen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Rui F Qiao
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Xiaobao Yang
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yiyang Bai
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Poulikos I Poulikakos
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Dermatology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Stuart A Aaronson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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WWOX-Mediated Degradation of AMOTp130 Negatively Affects Egress of Filovirus VP40 VLPs. J Virol 2022; 96:e0202621. [PMID: 35107375 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02026-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV) viruses continue to emerge and cause severe hemorrhagic disease in humans. A comprehensive understanding of the filovirus-host interplay will be crucial for identifying and developing antiviral strategies. The filoviral VP40 matrix protein drives virion assembly and egress, in part by recruiting specific WW-domain-containing host interactors via its conserved PPxY Late (L) domain motif to positively regulate virus egress and spread. In contrast to these positive regulators of virus budding, a growing list of WW-domain-containing interactors that negatively regulate virus egress and spread have been identified, including BAG3, YAP/TAZ and WWOX. In addition to host WW-domain regulators of virus budding, host PPxY-containing proteins also contribute to regulating this late stage of filovirus replication. For example, angiomotin (AMOT) is a multi-PPxY-containing host protein that functionally interacts with many of the same WW-domain-containing proteins that regulate virus egress and spread. In this report, we demonstrate that host WWOX, which negatively regulates egress of VP40 VLPs and recombinant VSV-M40 virus, interacts with and suppresses the expression of AMOT. We found that WWOX disrupts AMOT's scaffold-like tubular distribution and reduces AMOT localization at the plasma membrane via lysosomal degradation. In sum, our findings reveal an indirect and novel mechanism by which modular PPxY/WW-domain interactions between AMOT and WWOX regulate PPxY-mediated egress of filovirus VP40 VLPs. A better understanding of this modular network and competitive nature of protein-protein interactions will help to identify new antiviral targets and therapeutic strategies. IMPORTANCE Filoviruses (Ebola [EBOV] and Marburg [MARV]) are zoonotic, emerging pathogens that cause outbreaks of severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. A fundamental understanding of the virus-host interface is critical for understanding the biology of these viruses and for developing future strategies for therapeutic intervention. Here, we reveal a novel mechanism by which host proteins WWOX and AMOTp130 interact with each other and with the EBOV matrix protein VP40 to regulate VP40-mediated egress of virus like particles (VLPs). Our results highlight the biological impact of competitive interplay of modular virus-host interactions on both the virus lifecycle and the host cell.
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Relationship of matrix stiffness and cell morphology in regulation of osteogenesis and adipogenesis of BMSCs. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2677-2685. [PMID: 35023006 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Matrix stiffness has been found to regulate cell morphology, while both cell morphology and matrix stiffness are verified as important factors directing BMSCs (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) differentiation. This study aimed to investigate whether matrix stiffness depended on cell morphology to regulate osteogenesis and adipogenesis of BMSCs on 2D substrates. METHODS AND RESULTS First, we seeded BMSCs on tissue culture plates (TCPs) with different fibronectin (FN) concentrations and cytoskeleton inhibitor cytochalasin D, and FN was found to promote cell spreading and osteogenesis while inhibiting adipogenesis of BMSCs through F-actin reorganization. Based on these, we modulated BMSCs morphology on 0.5 kPa and 32 kPa CytoSoft® substrates through FN. High concentration of FN (300 μg/ml) coated on 0.5 kPa substrates promoted cell spreading to similar levels with 32 kPa substrates coated with 100 μg/ml of FN, and cells in both groups dominantly commit osteogenesis. On the other hand, low FN concentration (30 μg/ml) on 32 kPa substrates induced restricted cell morphology similar with 0.5 kPa substrates coated with 100 μg/ml of FN, and cells in both groups mainly commit adipogenesis. Immunofluorescence indicated nuclear translocation and higher intensity of YAP/TAZ when cells spread to larger areas, regardless of matrix stiffness. However, when cell spreading areas were fixed as similar levels, matrix stiffness didn't significantly affect YAP/TAZ intensity or location. CONCLUSIONS Matrix stiffness failed to regulate BMSCs differentiation and YAP/TAZ activity without corresponding cell morphology. Cell spreading area could mediate effects of matrix stiffness on osteogenesis and adipogenesis of BMSCs.
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Gu X, Ge L, Ren B, Fang Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Xu H. Glucocorticoids Promote Extracellular Matrix Component Remodeling by Activating YAP in Human Retinal Capillary Endothelial Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:738341. [PMID: 34970541 PMCID: PMC8712730 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.738341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) components of endothelial cells is the main cause of retinal vascular basement membrane (BM) thickening, which leads to the initiation and perpetuation of microvasculopathy of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Excessive amounts of glucocorticoids (GCs) are related to the presence and severity of DR, however transcriptional effects of GCs on the biology of human retinal capillary endothelial cells (HRCECs) and its impacts on DR are still unclear. Here, we showed that GC (hydrocortisone) treatment induced ECM component [fibronectin (FN) and type IV collagen (Col IV)] expression and morphological changes in HRCECs via the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which depended on the nuclear translocation of YAP coactivator. Mechanistically, GCs induced stress fiber formation in HRCECs, while blocking stress fiber formation inhibited GC-induced YAP nuclear translocation. Overexpression of FN, but not Col IV, activated YAP through the promotion of stress fiber formation via ECM-integrin signaling. Thus, a feedforward loop is established to sustain YAP activity. Using mRNA sequencing of HRCECs with overexpressed YAP or GC treatment, we found a similarity in Gene Ontology (GO) terms, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and transcription factors (TFs) between the two RNA-seq datasets. In vivo, YAP was activated in retina vascular ECs of STZ-induced diabetic mice, and TF prediction analysis of published RNA-seq data of dermal vascular ECs from T2DM patients showed that GR and TEAD (the main transcription factor for YAP) were enriched. Together, GCs activate YAP and promote ECM component (FN and Col IV) remodeling in retinal capillary endothelial cells, and the underlying regulatory mechanism may provide new insights into the vascular BM thickening of the retina in the early pathogenesis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Gu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Visual Damage & Regeneration and Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingling Ge
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Visual Damage & Regeneration and Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Bangqi Ren
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Visual Damage & Regeneration and Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yajie Fang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Visual Damage & Regeneration and Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yijian Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Visual Damage & Regeneration and Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Visual Damage & Regeneration and Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Visual Damage & Regeneration and Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Vinexin contributes to autophagic decline in brain ageing across species. Cell Death Differ 2021; 29:1055-1070. [PMID: 34848853 PMCID: PMC9090768 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagic decline is considered a hallmark of ageing. The activity of this intracytoplasmic degradation pathway decreases with age in many tissues and autophagy induction ameliorates ageing in many organisms, including mice. Autophagy is a critical protective pathway in neurons and ageing is the primary risk factor for common neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we describe that autophagosome biogenesis declines with age in mouse brains and that this correlates with increased expression of the SORBS3 gene (encoding vinexin) in older mouse and human brain tissue. We characterise vinexin as a negative regulator of autophagy. SORBS3 knockdown increases F-actin structures, which compete with YAP/TAZ for binding to their negative regulators, angiomotins, in the cytosol. This promotes YAP/TAZ translocation into the nucleus, thereby increasing YAP/TAZ transcriptional activity and autophagy. Our data therefore suggest brain autophagy decreases with age in mammals and that this is likely, in part, mediated by increasing levels of vinexin.
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45
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Lim YX, Lin H, Seah SH, Lim YP. Reciprocal Regulation of Hippo and WBP2 Signalling-Implications in Cancer Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113130. [PMID: 34831354 PMCID: PMC8625973 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health problem. The delineation of molecular mechanisms pertinent to cancer initiation and development has spurred cancer therapy in the form of precision medicine. The Hippo signalling pathway is a tumour suppressor pathway implicated in a multitude of cancers. Elucidation of the Hippo pathway has revealed an increasing number of regulators that are implicated, some being potential therapeutic targets for cancer interventions. WW domain-binding protein 2 (WBP2) is an oncogenic transcriptional co-factor that interacts, amongst others, with two other transcriptional co-activators, YAP and TAZ, in the Hippo pathway. WBP2 was recently discovered to modulate the upstream Hippo signalling components by associating with LATS2 and WWC3. Exacerbating the complexity of the WBP2/Hippo network, WBP2 itself is reciprocally regulated by Hippo-mediated microRNA biogenesis, contributing to a positive feedback loop that further drives carcinogenesis. Here, we summarise the biological mechanisms of WBP2/Hippo reciprocal regulation and propose therapeutic strategies to overcome Hippo defects in cancers through targeting WBP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Xinyi Lim
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; (Y.X.L.); (H.L.); (S.H.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Hexian Lin
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; (Y.X.L.); (H.L.); (S.H.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Sock Hong Seah
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; (Y.X.L.); (H.L.); (S.H.S.)
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Yoon Pin Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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46
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Cell fate determination and Hippo signaling pathway in preimplantation mouse embryo. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:423-444. [PMID: 34586506 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
First cell fate determination plays crucial roles in cell specification during early phases of embryonic development. Three classical concepts have been proposed to explain the lineage specification mechanism of the preimplantation embryo: inside-outside, pre-patterning, and polarity models. Transcriptional effectors of the Hippo signal pathway are YAP and TAZ activators that can create a shuttle between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Despite different localizations of YAP in the cell, it determines the fate of ICM and TE. How the decisive cue driving factors that determine YAP localization are coordinated remains a central unanswered question. How can an embryonic cell find its position? The objective of this review is to summarize the molecular and mechanical aspects in cell fate decision during mouse preimplantation embryonic development. The findings will reveal the relationship between cell-cell adhesion, cell polarity, and determination of cell fate during early embryonic development in mice and elucidate the inducing/inhibiting mechanisms that are involved in cell specification following zygotic genome activation and compaction processes. With future studies, new biophysical and chemical cues in the cell fate determination will impart significant spatiotemporal effects on early embryonic development. The achieved knowledge will provide important information to the development of new approaches to be used in infertility treatment and increase the success of pregnancy.
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Wang Y, Zhu Y, Gu Y, Ma M, Wang Y, Qi S, Zeng Y, Zhu R, Wang X, Yu P, Xu J, Shu Y, Yu FX. Stabilization of Motin family proteins in NF2-deficient cells prevents full activation of YAP/TAZ and rapid tumorigenesis. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109596. [PMID: 34433060 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline alterations of the NF2 gene cause neurofibromatosis type 2, a syndrome manifested with benign tumors, and Nf2 deletion in mice also results in slow tumorigenesis. As a regulator of the Hippo signaling pathway, NF2 induces LATS1/2 kinases and consequently represses YAP/TAZ. YAP/TAZ oncoproteins are also inhibited by motin family proteins (Motins). Here, we show that the Hippo signaling is fine-tuned by Motins in a NF2-dependent manner, in which NF2 recruits E3 ligase RNF146 to facilitate ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of Motins. In the absence of NF2, Motins robustly accumulate to restrict full activation of YAP/TAZ and prevent rapid tumorigenesis. Hence, NF2 deficiency not only activates YAP/TAZ by inhibiting LATS1/2 but also stabilizes Motins to keep YAP/TAZ activity in check. The upregulation of Motins upon NF2 deletion serves as a strategy for avoiding uncontrolled perturbation of the Hippo signaling and may contribute to the benign nature of most NF2-mutated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwen Zhu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Gu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyue Ma
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yebin Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sixian Qi
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhui Xu
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilai Shu
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fa-Xing Yu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of the Mechanosensitive Transcription Factors MRTF and YAP /TAZ. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2299:197-216. [PMID: 34028745 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1382-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Myocardin-related transcription factor (MRTF) and the paralogous Hippo pathway effectors Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are transcriptional co-activators that play pivotal roles in myofibroblast generation and activation, and thus the pathogenesis of organ fibrosis. They are regulated by a variety of chemical and mechanical fibrogenic stimuli, primarily at the level of their nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. In this chapter we describe the tools and protocols that allow for exact, quantitative, and automated determination and analysis of the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of endogenous or heterologously expressed MRTF and YAP/TAZ, measured in large cell populations. Dynamic monitoring of nucleocytoplasmic ratios of transcription factors is a novel and important approach, suitable to address both the structural requirements and the regulatory mechanisms underlying transcription factor traffic and the consequent reprogramming of gene expression during fibrogenesis.
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Wei Y, Li W. Calcium, an Emerging Intracellular Messenger for the Hippo Pathway Regulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:694828. [PMID: 34268313 PMCID: PMC8275986 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.694828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a conserved signaling network regulating organ development and tissue homeostasis. Dysfunction of this pathway may lead to various diseases, such as regeneration defect and cancer. Studies over the past decade have found various extracellular and intracellular signals that can regulate this pathway. Among them, calcium (Ca2+) is emerging as a potential messenger that can transduce certain signals, such as the mechanical cue, to the main signaling machinery. In this process, rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton, such as calcium-activated actin reset (CaAR), may construct actin filaments at the cell cortex or other subcellular domains that provide a scaffold to launch Hippo pathway activators. This article will review studies demonstrating Ca2+-mediated Hippo pathway modulation and discuss its implication in understanding the role of actin cytoskeleton in regulating the Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiju Wei
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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50
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Morciano G, Vezzani B, Missiroli S, Boncompagni C, Pinton P, Giorgi C. An Updated Understanding of the Role of YAP in Driving Oncogenic Responses. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123100. [PMID: 34205830 PMCID: PMC8234554 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In 2020, the global cancer database GLOBOCAN estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases worldwide. The discovery of targeted therapies may help prognosis and outcome of the patients affected, but the understanding of the plethora of highly interconnected pathways that modulate cell transformation, proliferation, invasion, migration and survival remains an ambitious goal. Here we propose an updated state of the art of YAP as the key protein driving oncogenic response via promoting all those steps at multiple levels. Of interest, the role of YAP in immunosuppression is a field of evolving research and growing interest and this summary about the current pharmacological therapies impacting YAP serves as starting point for future studies. Abstract Yes-associated protein (YAP) has emerged as a key component in cancer signaling and is considered a potent oncogene. As such, nuclear YAP participates in complex and only partially understood molecular cascades that are responsible for the oncogenic response by regulating multiple processes, including cell transformation, tumor growth, migration, and metastasis, and by acting as an important mediator of immune and cancer cell interactions. YAP is finely regulated at multiple levels, and its localization in cells in terms of cytoplasm–nucleus shuttling (and vice versa) sheds light on interesting novel anticancer treatment opportunities and putative unconventional functions of the protein when retained in the cytosol. This review aims to summarize and present the state of the art knowledge about the role of YAP in cancer signaling, first focusing on how YAP differs from WW domain-containing transcription regulator 1 (WWTR1, also named as TAZ) and which upstream factors regulate it; then, this review focuses on the role of YAP in different cancer stages and in the crosstalk between immune and cancer cells as well as growing translational strategies derived from its inhibitory and synergistic effects with existing chemo-, immuno- and radiotherapies.
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