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Kupakuwana P, Singh G, Storey KB. DNA hypomethylation in wood frog liver under anoxia and dehydration stresses. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 274:111005. [PMID: 38969165 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Wood frogs are freeze-tolerant vertebrates that can endure weeks to months frozen during the winter without breathing and with as much as 65% of total body water frozen as extracellular ice. Underlying tolerances of anoxia and of cellular dehydration support whole body freezing. One pro-survival mechanism employed by these frogs is epigenetic modifications via DNA hypomethylation processes facilitating transcriptional repression or activation. These processes involve proteins such as DNA Methyltransferases (DNMTs), Methyl Binding Domain proteins (MBDs), Ten-Eleven Translocases (TETs), and Thymine Deglycosylase (TDG). The present study evaluates the responses of these proteins to dehydration and anoxia stresses in wood frog liver. DNMT relative protein expression was reduced in liver, but nuclear DNMT activity did not change significantly under anoxia stress. By contrast, liver DNMTs and nuclear DNMT activity were upregulated under dehydration stress. These stress-specific differences were speculated to arise from Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs). DNMT3A and DNMT3B showed increased relative protein expression during recovery from dehydration and anoxia. Further, MBD1 was elevated during both conditions suggesting transcriptional repression. TET proteins showed varying responses to anoxia likely due to the absence of oxygen, a main substrate required by TETs. Similarly, TDG, an enzyme that corrects DNA damage, was downregulated under anoxia potentially due to lower levels of reactive oxygen species that damage DNA, but levels returned to normal during reperfusion of oxygen. Our results indicate differential stress-specific responses that indicate the need for more research in the DNA hypomethylation mechanisms employed by the wood frog during stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panashe Kupakuwana
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa K1S 5B6, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gurjit Singh
- Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa K1S 5B6, Ontario, Canada.
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2
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Stricker M, Zhang W, Cheng WY, Gazal S, Dendrou C, Nahkuri S, Palamara PF. Genome-wide classification of epigenetic activity reveals regions of enriched heritability in immune-related traits. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100469. [PMID: 38190103 PMCID: PMC10794845 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetics underpins the regulation of genes known to play a key role in the adaptive and innate immune system (AIIS). We developed a method, EpiNN, that leverages epigenetic data to detect AIIS-relevant genomic regions and used it to detect 2,765 putative AIIS loci. Experimental validation of one of these loci, DNMT1, provided evidence for a novel AIIS-specific transcription start site. We built a genome-wide AIIS annotation and used linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression to test whether it predicts regional heritability using association statistics for 176 traits. We detected significant heritability effects (average |τ∗|=1.65) for 20 out of 26 immune-relevant traits. In a meta-analysis, immune-relevant traits and diseases were 4.45× more enriched for heritability than other traits. The EpiNN annotation was also depleted of trans-ancestry genetic correlation, indicating ancestry-specific effects. These results underscore the effectiveness of leveraging supervised learning algorithms and epigenetic data to detect loci implicated in specific classes of traits and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weijiao Zhang
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Wei-Yi Cheng
- Data & Analytics, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center New York, Little Falls, NJ, USA
| | - Steven Gazal
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Calliope Dendrou
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Satu Nahkuri
- Data & Analytics, Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Pier Francesco Palamara
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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3
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Shin H, Leung A, Costello KR, Senapati P, Kato H, Moore RE, Lee M, Lin D, Tang X, Pirrotte P, Bouman Chen Z, Schones DE. Inhibition of DNMT1 methyltransferase activity via glucose-regulated O-GlcNAcylation alters the epigenome. eLife 2023; 12:e85595. [PMID: 37470704 PMCID: PMC10390045 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA methyltransferase activity of DNMT1 is vital for genomic maintenance of DNA methylation. We report here that DNMT1 function is regulated by O-GlcNAcylation, a protein modification that is sensitive to glucose levels, and that elevated O-GlcNAcylation of DNMT1 from high glucose environment leads to alterations to the epigenome. Using mass spectrometry and complementary alanine mutation experiments, we identified S878 as the major residue that is O-GlcNAcylated on human DNMT1. Functional studies in human and mouse cells further revealed that O-GlcNAcylation of DNMT1-S878 results in an inhibition of methyltransferase activity, resulting in a general loss of DNA methylation that preferentially occurs at partially methylated domains (PMDs). This loss of methylation corresponds with an increase in DNA damage and apoptosis. These results establish O-GlcNAcylation of DNMT1 as a mechanism through which the epigenome is regulated by glucose metabolism and implicates a role for glycosylation of DNMT1 in metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heon Shin
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Amy Leung
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Kevin R Costello
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Parijat Senapati
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Roger E Moore
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center DuarteDuarteUnited States
| | - Michael Lee
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Dimitri Lin
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Patrick Pirrotte
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center DuarteDuarteUnited States
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research InstitutePhoenixUnited States
| | - Zhen Bouman Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
| | - Dustin E Schones
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of HopeDuarteUnited States
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Wu YH, Huang YF, Wu PY, Chang TH, Huang SC, Chou CY. The downregulation of miR-509-3p expression by collagen type XI alpha 1-regulated hypermethylation facilitates cancer progression and chemoresistance via the DNA methyltransferase 1/Small ubiquitin-like modifier-3 axis in ovarian cancer cells. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:124. [PMID: 37386587 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are a group of small non-coding RNAs that are involved in development and diseases such as cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that miR-335 is crucial for preventing collagen type XI alpha 1 (COL11A1)-mediated epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) progression and chemoresistance. Here, we examined the role of miR-509-3p in EOC. METHODS The patients with EOC who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery and postoperative platinum-based chemotherapy were recruited. Their clinic-pathologic characteristics were collected, and disease-related survivals were determined. The COL11A1 and miR-509-3p mRNA expression levels of 161 ovarian tumors were determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, miR-509-3p hypermethylation was evaluated by sequencing in these tumors. The A2780CP70 and OVCAR-8 cells transfected with miR-509-3p mimic, while the A2780 and OVCAR-3 cells transfected with miR-509-3p inhibitor. The A2780CP70 cells transfected with a small interference RNA of COL11A1, and the A2780 cells transfected with a COL11A1 expression plasmid. Site-directed mutagenesis, luciferase, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed in this study. RESULTS Low miR-509-3p levels were correlated with disease progression, a poor survival, and high COL11A1 expression levels. In vivo studies reinforced these findings and indicated that the occurrence of invasive EOC cell phenotypes and resistance to cisplatin are decreased by miR-509-3p. The miR-509-3p promoter region (p278) is important for miR-509-3p transcription regulation via methylation. The miR-509-3p hypermethylation frequency was significantly higher in EOC tumors with a low miR-509-3p expression than in those with a high miR-509-3p expression. The patients with miR-509-3p hypermethylation had a significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than those without miR-509-3p hypermethylation. Mechanistic studies further indicated that miR-509-3p transcription was downregulated by COL11A1 through a DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) stability increase. Moreover, miR-509-3p targets small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-3 to regulate EOC cell growth, invasiveness, and chemosensitivity. CONCLUSION The miR-509-3p/DNMT1/SUMO-3 axis may be an ovarian cancer treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hui Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, 73657, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Tainan, 73658, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fang Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 70403, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 70403, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Soon-Cen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, 73657, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Yang Chou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 70403, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Wu YH, Huang YF, Wu PY, Chang TH, Huang SC, Chou CY. The Downregulation of miR-509-3p Expression by Collagen Type XI Alpha 1-Regulated Hypermethylation Facilitates Cancer Progression and Chemoresistance via the DNA Methyltransferase 1/Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier-3 Axis in Ovarian Cancer Cells. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2592453. [PMID: 36865240 PMCID: PMC9980191 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2592453/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs are a group of small non-coding RNAs that are involved in development and diseases such as cancer. Previously, we demonstrated that miR-335 is crucial for preventing collagen type XI alpha 1 (COL11A1)-mediated epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) progression and chemoresistance. Here, we examined the role of miR-509-3p in EOC. Methods The patients with EOC who underwent primary cytoreductive surgery and postoperative platinum-based chemotherapy were recruited. Their clinic-pathologic characteristics were collected, and disease-related survivals were determined. The COL11A1 and miR-509-3p mRNA expression levels of 161 ovarian tumors were determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, miR-509-3p hypermethylation was evaluated by sequencing in these tumors. The A2780CP70 and OVCAR-8 cells transfected with miR-509-3p mimic, while the A2780 and OVCAR-3 cells transfected with miR-509-3p inhibitor. The A2780CP70 cells transfected with a small interference RNA of COL11A1, and the A2780 cells transfected with a COL11A1 expression plasmid. Site-directed mutagenesis, luciferase, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed in this study. Results Low miR-509-3p levels were correlated with disease progression, a poor survival, and high COL11A1 expression levels. In vivo studies reinforced these findings and indicated that the occurrence of invasive EOC cell phenotypes and resistance to cisplatin are decreased by miR-509-3p. The miR-509-3p promoter region (p278) is important for miR-509-3p transcription regulation via methylation. The miR-509-3p hypermethylation frequency was significantly higher in EOC tumors with a low miR-509-3p expression than in those with a high miR-509-3p expression. The patients with miR-509-3p hypermethylation had a significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than those without miR-509-3p hypermethylation. Mechanistic studies further indicated that miR-509-3p transcription was downregulated by COL11A1 through a DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) phosphorylation and stability increase. Moreover, miR-509-3p targets small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-3 to regulate EOC cell growth, invasiveness, and chemosensitivity. Conclusion The miR-509-3p/DNMT1/SUMO-3 axis may be an ovarian cancer treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Fang Huang
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University
| | | | | | - Cheng-Yang Chou
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University
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6
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Liu H, Liu Y, Wang H, Zhao Q, Zhang T, Xie S, Liu Y, Tang Y, Peng Q, Pang W, Yao W, Zhou J. Geometric Constraints Regulate Energy Metabolism and Cellular Contractility in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Coordinating Mitochondrial DNA Methylation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203995. [PMID: 36106364 PMCID: PMC9661866 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) can adapt to changes in cellular geometric cues; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Using 2D micropatterned substrates to engineer cell geometry, it is found that in comparison with an elongated geometry, a square-shaped geometry causes the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic redistribution of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), hypermethylation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), repression of mtDNA gene transcription, and impairment of mitochondrial function. Using irregularly arranged versus circumferentially aligned vascular grafts to control cell geometry in 3D growth, it is demonstrated that cell geometry, mtDNA methylation, and vessel contractility are closely related. DNMT1 redistribution is found to be dependent on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase and protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways. Cell elongation activates cytosolic phospholipase A2, a nuclear mechanosensor that, when inhibited, hinders AKT phosphorylation, DNMT1 nuclear accumulation, and energy production. The findings of this study provide insights into the effects of cell geometry on SMC function and its potential implications in the optimization of vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yuefeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyKey Laboratory of Bioactive MaterialsMinistry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyKey Laboratory of Bioactive MaterialsMinistry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Vascular SurgeryPeking University People's HospitalBeijing100044P. R. China
| | - Si‐an Xie
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yueqi Liu
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yuanjun Tang
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Qin Peng
- Institute of Systems and Physical BiologyShenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen518132P. R. China
| | - Wei Pang
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Weijuan Yao
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology CenterSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing100191P. R. China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory PeptidesBeijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
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Switzer CH, Cho HJ, Eykyn TR, Lavender P, Eaton P. NOS2 and S-nitrosothiol signaling induces DNA hypomethylation and LINE-1 retrotransposon expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200022119. [PMID: 35584114 PMCID: PMC9173756 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200022119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) produces high local concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), and its expression is associated with inflammation, cellular stress signals, and cellular transformation. Additionally, NOS2 expression results in aggressive cancer cell phenotypes and is correlated with poor outcomes in patients with breast cancer. DNA hypomethylation, especially of noncoding repeat elements, is an early event in carcinogenesis and is a common feature of cancer cells. In addition to altered gene expression, DNA hypomethylation results in genomic instability via retrotransposon activation. Here, we show that NOS2 expression and associated NO signaling results in substantial DNA hypomethylation in human cell lines by inducing the degradation of DNA (cytosine-5)–methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) protein. Similarly, NOS2 expression levels were correlated with decreased DNA methylation in human breast tumors. NOS2 expression and NO signaling also resulted in long interspersed noncoding element 1 (LINE-1) retrotransposon hypomethylation, expression, and DNA damage. DNMT1 degradation was mediated by an NO/p38-MAPK/lysine acetyltransferase 5–dependent mechanism. Furthermore, we show that this mechanism is required for NO-mediated epithelial transformation. Therefore, we conclude that NOS2 and NO signaling results in DNA damage and malignant cellular transformation via an epigenetic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H. Switzer
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Hyun-Ju Cho
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas R. Eykyn
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Lavender
- AsthmaUK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, School of Immunology and Microbial Science, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Eaton
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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Hu Y, Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Wang J, Zhang B, Gong L, Ji L, Pu Z, Yang X, Zou J, Yin Y. Oncogenic Activity of Glucocorticoid Receptor β Is Controlled by Ubiquitination-Dependent Interaction with USP49 in Glioblastoma Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:92-101. [PMID: 34610959 PMCID: PMC9398152 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that glucocorticoid receptor β (GRβ) functions as an oncoprotein, regulating the malignant phenotypes and stem-like cell maintaining in human glioblastoma (GBM). Of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) isoforms, GRβ and GRα are highly homologous, though the mechanism underlying the distinct functions of these two isoforms in GBM has not been clarified. Here by establishing a carboxyl-terminal (COOH-terminal) deletion mutant, we determined that GRβ can be ubiquitinated. We also found that its COOH terminal is essential for this ubiquitination. The mutation of a lysine to arginine at residue 733 (K733R) blocked the ubiquitination of GRβ, indicating that K733 is a key site for ubiquitination. Using K733R to establish nonubiquitinated GRβ, we demonstrated that ubiquitination not only regulates the stability and nuclear translocation of GRβ, but is also a vital mechanism for its oncogenic functions in vitro and in vivo. Protein interaction assay further indicated that ubiquitin-specific protease 49 (USP49) is a GRβ-binding protein and the interaction depends on GRβ ubiquitination. USP49 knockdown resulted in a decrease of cell proliferation, invasion, and an increase of cell apoptosis. More importantly, USP49 knockdown increased ubiquitination and amplified the oncogenic effects of GRβ, confirming the decisive role of ubiquitination on GRβ carcinogenicity. Taken together, these findings established that ubiquitination is a vial process for GRβ the execution of oncogenic functions in GBM and that the K733 site is crucial for ubiquitination of GRβ. IMPLICATIONS: This work is the first identify of the activation GRβ by a single lysine point-mediated ubiquitination and proteasome degradation, which determines its oncogenic functions in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian Zou
- Corresponding Authors: Jian Zou, Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China. Phone: 86510-8535-0368; E-mail: ; and Ying Yin, Phone: 510-8535-0363; E-mail:
| | - Ying Yin
- Corresponding Authors: Jian Zou, Center of Clinical Research, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China. Phone: 86510-8535-0368; E-mail: ; and Ying Yin, Phone: 510-8535-0363; E-mail:
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9
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Sun Z, Ma Y, Liu Y, Lv J, Wang D, You Z, Jiang C, Sheng Q, Nie Z. The Acetylation Modification of SP1 Regulates the Protein Stability in Silkworm. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 194:1621-1635. [PMID: 34826090 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation is a highly conservative and reversible post-translational modification. Acetylation modification can regulate gene expression by altering protein function and is widely identified in an increasing number of species. Previously, the acetylated proteome of silkworm was identified by combining acetylated polypeptide enrichment with nano-HPLC/MS/MS; the identification revealed that the SP proteins (SPs) were high acetylated. In this study, the acetylation of SP1, one of the SPs, was further confirmed using immunoprecipitation (IP) and Western blotting. Then, we found the acetylation could upregulate SP1 protein expression by enhancing the protein stability. Further research found that the acetylation of SP1 protein can competitively inhibit its ubiquitination and thus improve the stability and cell accumulation of SP1 protein by inhibiting the ubiquitin-mediated proteasome degradation pathway. This result provides a basis for acetylation to regulate the nutrient storage and utilization of silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Sun
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yafei Ma
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Zhejiang Economic & Trade Polytechnic, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jiao Lv
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zhengying You
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Caiying Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Qing Sheng
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Zuoming Nie
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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10
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Recalde M, Gárate-Rascón M, Elizalde M, Azkona M, Latasa MU, Bárcena-Varela M, Sangro B, Fernández-Barrena MG, Ávila MA, Arechederra M, Berasain C. The splicing regulator SLU7 is required to preserve DNMT1 protein stability and DNA methylation. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:8592-8609. [PMID: 34331453 PMCID: PMC8421144 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is finely and dynamically controlled through the tightly coordinated and interconnected activity of epigenetic modulators, transcription and splicing factors and post-translational modifiers. We have recently identified the splicing factor SLU7 as essential for maintaining liver cell identity and genome integrity and for securing cell division both trough transcriptional and splicing mechanisms. Now we uncover a new function of SLU7 controlling gene expression at the epigenetic level. We show that SLU7 is required to secure DNMT1 protein stability and a correct DNA methylation. We demonstrate that SLU7 is part in the chromatome of the protein complex implicated in DNA methylation maintenance interacting with and controlling the integrity of DNMT1, its adaptor protein UHRF1 and the histone methyl-transferase G9a at the chromatin level. Mechanistically, we found that SLU7 assures DNMT1 stability preventing its acetylation and degradation by facilitating its interaction with HDAC1 and the desubiquitinase USP7. Importantly, we demonstrate that this DNMT1 dependency on SLU7 occurs in a large panel of proliferating cell lines of different origins and in in vivo models of liver proliferation. Overall, our results uncover a novel and non-redundant role of SLU7 in DNA methylation and present SLU7 as a holistic regulator of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Recalde
- Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - María Gárate-Rascón
- Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - María Elizalde
- Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - María Azkona
- Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - M Ujue Latasa
- Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Marina Bárcena-Varela
- Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Bruno Sangro
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid 28029, Spain.,Hepatology Unit, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Maite G Fernández-Barrena
- Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Matías A Ávila
- Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - María Arechederra
- Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Carmen Berasain
- Program of Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona 31008, Spain.,National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, Carlos III Health Institute), Madrid 28029, Spain
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11
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Xue X, Quan Y, Gong L, Gong X, Li Y. A review of the processed Polygonum multiflorum (Thunb.) for hepatoprotection: Clinical use, pharmacology and toxicology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113121. [PMID: 32693115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygonum multiflorum (Thunb.) (PMT) is a member of Polygonaceae. Traditional Chinese medicine considers that the processed PMT can tonify liver, nourish blood and blacken hair. In recent years, the processed PMT and its active ingredients have significant therapeutic effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis and liver cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The main purpose of this review is to provide a critical appraisal of the existing knowledge on the clinical application, hepatoprotective pharmacology and hepatotoxicity, it provides a comprehensive evaluation of the liver function of the processed PMT. MATERIALS AND METHODS A detailed literature search was conducted using various online search engines, such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Mendeley, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. The main active components of the processed PMT and the important factors in the occurrence and development of liver diseases are used as key words to carry out detailed literature retrieval. RESULTS In animal and cell models, the processed PMT and active components can treat various liver diseases, such as fatty liver induced by high-fat diet, liver injury and fibrosis induced by drugs, viral transfected hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. They can protect liver by regulating lipid metabolism related enzymes, resisting insulin resistance, decreasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells, reducing generation of extracellular matrix, promoting cancer cell apoptosis and controlling the growth of tumor cells, etc. However, improperly using of the processed PMT can cause liver injury, which is associated with the standardization of processing, the constitution of the patients, the characteristics of the disease, and the administration of dosage and time. CONCLUSION The processed PMT can treat various liver diseases via reasonably using, and the active compounds (2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside, emodin, physcion, etc.) are promising candidate drugs for developing new liver protective agents. However, some components have a "toxic-effective" bidirectional effect, which should be used cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunyun Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lihong Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiaohong Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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12
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Dobosz AM, Janikiewicz J, Borkowska AM, Dziewulska A, Lipiec E, Dobrzyn P, Kwiatek WM, Dobrzyn A. Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 Activity Determines the Maintenance of DNMT1-Mediated DNA Methylation Patterns in Pancreatic β-Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186844. [PMID: 32961871 PMCID: PMC7555428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic stress, such as lipotoxicity, affects the DNA methylation profile in pancreatic β-cells and thus contributes to β-cell failure and the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a rate-limiting enzyme that is involved in monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis, which protects pancreatic β-cells against lipotoxicity. The present study found that SCD1 is also required for the establishment and maintenance of DNA methylation patterns in β-cells. We showed that SCD1 inhibition/deficiency caused DNA hypomethylation and changed the methyl group distribution within chromosomes in β-cells. Lower levels of DNA methylation in SCD1-deficient β-cells were followed by lower levels of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). We also found that the downregulation of SCD1 in pancreatic β-cells led to the activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and an increase in the activity of the NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1). Furthermore, the physical association between DNMT1 and SIRT1 stimulated the deacetylation of DNMT1 under conditions of SCD1 inhibition/downregulation, suggesting a mechanism by which SCD1 exerts control over DNMT1. We also found that SCD1-deficient β-cells that were treated with compound c, an inhibitor of AMPK, were characterized by higher levels of both global DNA methylation and DNMT1 protein expression compared with untreated cells. Therefore, we found that activation of the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway mediates the effect of SCD1 inhibition/deficiency on DNA methylation status in pancreatic β-cells. Altogether, these findings suggest that SCD1 is a gatekeeper that protects β-cells against the lipid-derived loss of DNA methylation and provide mechanistic insights into the mechanism by which SCD1 regulates DNA methylation patterns in β-cells and T2D-relevant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta M. Dobosz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Justyna Janikiewicz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Anna M. Borkowska
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.B.); (E.L.); (W.M.K.)
| | - Anna Dziewulska
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
| | - Ewelina Lipiec
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.B.); (E.L.); (W.M.K.)
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wojciech M. Kwiatek
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland; (A.M.B.); (E.L.); (W.M.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.D.); (J.J.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Silencing of miR-152 contributes to DNMT1-mediated CpG methylation of the PTEN promoter in bladder cancer. Life Sci 2020; 261:118311. [PMID: 32861793 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most commonly occurring urological malignancy. DNA methylation mediated by DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) plays a crucial role in the physiological and pathological processes of cancer. However, the role of upstream regulatory factors and downstream target genes of DNA methylation mediated by DNMT1 needs further study in BCa. We aim to discover the upstream regulatory factor and downstream target gene of DNMT1, which form a signaling pathway to regulate the progression of BCa. MAIN METHODS DNMT1 expression in BCa tissues and cells was detected by qPCR and Western Blot. Balbc/nu/nu mice were used to determine the relationship between DNMT1 expression and tumor growth. CCK8, EdU, and transwell assays were employed to measure cell viability, proliferation, and migration respectively. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays and dual luciferase reporter assays were applied to determine the relationships among DNMT1, miR-152-3p and PTEN. KEY FINDINGS A significant up-regulation of DNMT1 in BCa tissues and cells, and silencing of DNMT1 expression inhibited the tumor growth in vivo. Knockdown of DNMT1 inhibited the cell growth and migration of BCa cells. miR-152-3p inhibited the DNMT1 and over-expression of DNMT1 restored the cellular function of miR-152-3p in BCa cells. DNMT1 regulated the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression via modulating the status of DNA methylation in the promoter of PTEN. SIGNIFICANCE This study confirmed the role and underlying mechanism of DNMT1-mediated DNA methylation and displayed a novel regulatory pathway miR-152/DNMT1/PTEN in BCa, thus, providing a potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for BCa.
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14
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The effects of proteasome on baseline and methamphetamine-dependent dopamine transmission. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 102:308-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Ghazi T, Nagiah S, Naidoo P, Chuturgoon AA. Fusaric acid-induced promoter methylation of DNA methyltransferases triggers DNA hypomethylation in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Epigenetics 2019; 14:804-817. [PMID: 31060424 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1615358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusaric acid (FA), a mycotoxin contaminant of maize, displays toxicity in plants and animals; however, its epigenetic mechanism is unknown. DNA methylation, an epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression, is mediated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs; DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B) and demethylases (MBD2). The expression of DNMTs and demethylases are regulated by promoter methylation, microRNAs (miR-29b) and post-translational modifications (ubiquitination). Alterations in these DNA methylation modifying enzymes affect DNA methylation patterns and offer novel mechanisms of FA toxicity. We determined the effect of FA on global DNA methylation as well as a mechanism of FA-induced changes in DNA methylation by transcriptional (promoter methylation), post-transcriptional (miR-29b) and post-translational (ubiquitination) regulation of DNMTs and MBD2 in the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. FA induced global DNA hypomethylation (p < 0.0001) in HepG2 cells. FA decreased the mRNA and protein expression of DNMT1 (p < 0.0001), DNMT3A (p < 0.0001), and DNMT3B (p < 0.0001) by upregulating miR-29b (p < 0.0001) and inducing promoter hypermethylation of DNMT1 (p < 0.0001) and DNMT3B (p < 0.0001). FA decreased the ubiquitination of DNMT1 (p = 0.0753), DNMT3A (p = 0.0008), and DNMT3B (p < 0.0001) by decreasing UHRF1 (p < 0.0001) and USP7 (p < 0.0001). FA also induced MBD2 promoter hypomethylation (p < 0.0001) and increased MBD2 expression (p < 0.0001). Together these results indicate that FA induces global DNA hypomethylation by altering DNMT promoter methylation, upregulating miR-29b, and increasing MBD2 in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terisha Ghazi
- a Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences , Howard College Campus, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | - Savania Nagiah
- a Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences , Howard College Campus, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | - Pragalathan Naidoo
- a Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences , Howard College Campus, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal , Durban , South Africa
| | - Anil A Chuturgoon
- a Discipline of Medical Biochemistry and Chemical Pathology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, College of Health Sciences , Howard College Campus, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal , Durban , South Africa
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16
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Cai H, Yang Y, Peng F, Liu Y, Fu X, Ji B. Gold nanoparticles-loaded anti-miR221 enhances antitumor effect of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:1541-1548. [PMID: 31839741 PMCID: PMC6909811 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.37427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Currently, sorafenib is the main systemic chemotherapy drug for advanced stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, emerging data from some clinical HCC patients indicates that sorafenib alone has only moderate antitumor efficacy, and could not inhibit metastasis and progression of disease. MiR-221 plays a role in promoting tumorigenesis in HCC by inhibiting the expression of p27. In this study, we analyzed the synergistic anti-tumor effects of sorafenib and gold nanoparticles-loaded anti-miR221 on HCC cell lines. Methods: Gold nanoparticles-loaded anti-miR221 was investigated and identified by transmission electron microscope, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, zeta potential and dynamic light scattering measurements as well as the confocal microscopy and dark-field imaging. Two HCC cell lines were treated with sorafenib and AuNPs-anti-miR221 alone or combination in vitro to investigate the inhibitory effect by CCK-8, live/dead fluorescence staining and colony-forming unit assays. MiR-221/p27/DNMT1 signaling pathway including p27 and DNMT1 was examined by western blot. Results: AuNPs-anti-miR221 can enhance the effect of sorafenib in inhibiting cell proliferation via inactivating miR-221/p27/DNMT1 signaling pathway. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that sorafenib combined with AuNPs-anti-miR221 treatment does effectively inhibit proliferation of HCC cell lines synergistically. These data suggest the AuNPs-anti-miR221 may be a promising chemosensitizer to sorafenib in the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiao Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Fenghui Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Xueqi Fu
- Edmond H. Fischer Signal Transduction Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Bai Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin 130021, China
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Epigenetic Effects Induced by Methamphetamine and Methamphetamine-Dependent Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4982453. [PMID: 30140365 PMCID: PMC6081569 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4982453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine is a widely abused drug, which possesses neurotoxic activity and powerful addictive effects. Understanding methamphetamine toxicity is key beyond the field of drug abuse since it allows getting an insight into the molecular mechanisms which operate in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. In fact, key alterations produced by methamphetamine involve dopamine neurotransmission in a way, which is reminiscent of spontaneous neurodegeneration and psychiatric schizophrenia. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms operated by methamphetamine represents a wide window to understand both the addicted brain and a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. This overlapping, which is already present when looking at the molecular and cellular events promoted immediately after methamphetamine intake, becomes impressive when plastic changes induced in the brain of methamphetamine-addicted patients are considered. Thus, the present manuscript is an attempt to encompass all the molecular events starting at the presynaptic dopamine terminals to reach the nucleus of postsynaptic neurons to explain how specific neurotransmitters and signaling cascades produce persistent genetic modifications, which shift neuronal phenotype and induce behavioral alterations. A special emphasis is posed on disclosing those early and delayed molecular events, which translate an altered neurotransmitter function into epigenetic events, which are derived from the translation of postsynaptic noncanonical signaling into altered gene regulation. All epigenetic effects are considered in light of their persistent changes induced in the postsynaptic neurons including sensitization and desensitization, priming, and shift of neuronal phenotype.
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Weng YP, Hung PF, Ku WY, Chang CY, Wu BH, Wu MH, Yao JY, Yang JR, Lee CH. The inhibitory activity of gallic acid against DNA methylation: application of gallic acid on epigenetic therapy of human cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 9:361-374. [PMID: 29416619 PMCID: PMC5787471 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenome aberrations have been observed in tobacco-associated human malignancies. (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been proven to modulate gene expression by targeting DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) through a proposed mechanism involving the gallate moiety of EGCG. We show that gallic acid (GA) changes the methylome of lung cancer and pre-malignant oral cell lines and markedly reduces both nuclear and cytoplasmic DNMT1 and DNMT3B within 1 week. GA exhibits stronger cytotoxicity against the lung cancer cell line H1299 than EGCG. We found that GA reactivates the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 (GADD45) signaling pathway may through the demethylation of CCNE2 and CCNB1 in H1299 cells. To improve the epigenetic anti-cancer activities of oolong tea, we identified a fungus, Aspergillus sojae which can efficiently increase the GA content in oolong tea via a 2-week fermentation process. The fungus dramatically increased GA up to 44.8 fold in the post-fermentation oolong tea extract (PFOTE), resulting in enhanced demethylation effects and a significant reduction in the nuclear abundances of DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B in lung cancer cell lines. PFOTE also showed stronger anti-proliferation activities than oolong tea extract (OTE) and increased sensitivity to cisplatin in H1299 cells. In summary, we demonstrate the potent inhibitory effects of GA on the activities of DNMTs and provide a strong scientific foundation for the use of specialized fermented oolong tea high in GA as an effective dietary intervention strategy for tobacco-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui-Ping Weng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Feng Hung
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yen Ku
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Ying Yao
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Rui Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Huei Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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Xu YM, Yu FY, Lau ATY. Discovering Epimodifications of the Genome, Transcriptome, Proteome, and Metabolome: the Quest for Conquering the Uncharted Epi(c) Territories. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40495-017-0103-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Battaglia S, Karasik E, Gillard B, Williams J, Winchester T, Moser MT, Smiraglia DJ, Foster BA. LSD1 dual function in mediating epigenetic corruption of the vitamin D signaling in prostate cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:82. [PMID: 28811844 PMCID: PMC5553900 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0382-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lysine-specific demethylase 1A (LSD1) is a key regulator of the androgen (AR) and estrogen receptors (ER), and LSD1 levels correlate with tumor aggressiveness. Here, we demonstrate that LSD1 regulates vitamin D receptor (VDR) activity and is a mediator of 1,25(OH)2-D3 (vitamin D) action in prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS Athymic nude mice were xenografted with CWR22 cells and monitored weekly after testosterone pellet removal. Expression of LSD1 and VDR (IHC) were correlated with tumor growth using log-rank test. TRAMP tumors and prostates from wild-type (WT) mice were used to evaluate VDR and LSD1 expression via IHC and western blotting. The presence of VDR and LSD1 in the same transcriptional complex was evaluated via immunoprecipitation (IP) using nuclear cell lysate. The effect of LSD1 and 1,25(OH)2-D3 on cell viability was evaluated in C4-2 and BC1A cells via trypan blue exclusion. The role of LSD1 in VDR-mediated gene transcription was evaluated for Cdkn1a, E2f1, Cyp24a1, and S100g via qRT-PCR-TaqMan and via chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Methylation of Cdkn1a TSS was measured via bisulfite sequencing, and methylation of a panel of cancer-related genes was quantified using methyl arrays. The Cancer Genome Atlas data were retrieved to identify genes whose status correlates with LSD1 and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). Results were correlated with patients' survival data from two separate cohorts of primary and metastatic PCa. RESULTS LSD1 and VDR protein levels are elevated in PCa tumors and correlate with faster tumor growth in xenograft mouse models. Knockdown of LSD1 reduces PCa cell viability, and gene expression data suggest a dual coregulatory role of LSD1 for VDR, acting as a coactivator and corepressor in a locus-specific manner. LSD1 modulates VDR-dependent transcription by mediating the recruitment of VDR and DNMT1 at the TSS of VDR-targeted genes and modulates the epigenetic status of transcribed genes by altering H3K4me2 and H3K9Ac and DNA methylation. Lastly, LSD1 and DNMT1 belong to a genome-wide signature whose expression correlates with shorter progression-free survival and overall survival in primary and metastatic patients' samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrate that LSD1 has a dual coregulatory role as corepressor and coactivator for VDR and defines a genomic signature whose targeting might have clinical relevance for PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Battaglia
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
| | - Ellen Karasik
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
| | - Bryan Gillard
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
| | - Jennifer Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
| | - Trisha Winchester
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
| | - Michael T Moser
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
| | - Dominic J Smiraglia
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
| | - Barbara A Foster
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
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miR-377 induces senescence in human skin fibroblasts by targeting DNA methyltransferase 1. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2663. [PMID: 28277545 PMCID: PMC5386568 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skin aging is a complicated physiological process and epigenetic feature, including microRNA-mediated regulation and DNA methylation, have been shown to contribute to this process. DNA methylation is regulated by DNA methyltransferase, of which DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is the most abundantly known. But evidence supporting its role in skin aging remains scarce, and no report regards its specifical upstream-regulating molecules in the process of skin aging so far. Here, we found that DNMT1 expression was markedly higher in young human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) than that in passage-aged HSFs, and DNMT1 knockdown significantly induced the senescence phenotype in young HSFs. We predicted the upstream miRNAs which could regulate DNMT1 with miRNA databases and found miR-377 had high homology with a sequence in the 3′-UTR of human DNMT1 mRNA. We confirmed that miR-377 was a potential regulator of DNMT1 by luciferase reporter assays. miR-377 expression in passage-aged HSFs was markedly higher than that in the young HSFs. miR-377 overexpression promoted senescence in young HSFs, and inhibition of miR-377 reduced senescence in passage-aged HSFs. Moreover, these functions were mediated by targeting DNMT1. Microfluidic PCR and next-generation bisulfite sequencing of 24 senescent-associated genes' promoters revealed alterations of the promoter methylation levels of FoxD3,p53, and UTF1 in HSFs treated with miR-377 mimics or inhibitors. We also verified that the miR-377-mediated changes in p53 expression could be reversed by regulation of DNMT1 in HSFs. Similarly, there was a negative correlation between miR-377 and DNMT1 expression in young and photoaged HSFs, HSFs, or skin tissues from UV-unexposed areas of different aged donors. Our results highlight a novel role for miR-377-DNMT1-p53 axis in HSF senescence. These findings shed new light on the mechanisms of skin aging and identify future opportunities for its therapeutic prevention.
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Chen X, Guo H, Li F, Fan D. Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside suppresses the metastasis of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo by modulating DNMT1. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Wang Q, Wang Y, Xing Y, Yan Y, Guo P, Zhuang J, Qin F, Zhang J. RETRACTED: Physcion 8-O-β-glucopyranoside induces apoptosis, suppresses invasion and inhibits epithelial to mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:372-380. [PMID: 27416558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Panels from Figure 4A appear similar to panels from Figure 1 of the article previously published by Z. Ding, F. Xu, J. Tang, G. Li, P. Jiang, Z. Tang and H. Wu in Neoplasma 63(3) (2016) 351–361 http://www.elis.sk/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=flypage.tpl&product_id=4703&category_id=128&option=com_virtuemart&vmcchk=1&Itemid=1. One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that the paper has not been previously published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents a misuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yuqing Xing
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jianguang Zhuang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Fawei Qin
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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Park IS, Han YG, Chung HJ, Jung YW, Kim Y, Kim H. SUMOylation regulates nuclear localization and stability of TRAIP/RNF206. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 470:881-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Wu J, Zhao S, Tang Q, Zheng F, Chen Y, Yang L, Yang X, Li L, Wu W, Hann SS. Activation of SAPK/JNK mediated the inhibition and reciprocal interaction of DNA methyltransferase 1 and EZH2 by ursolic acid in human lung cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2015; 34:99. [PMID: 26362062 PMCID: PMC4567809 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, is known to have anti-tumor activity in various cancers including human non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of UA remain largely unknown. METHODS Cell viability was measured by MTT assays. Apoptosis was analyzed with Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit by Flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was performed to measure the phosphorylation and protein expression of stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), DNMT1 [DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1], enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2) and SP1. Exogenous expression of SP1 and DNMT1 was carried out by transient transfection assays. RESULTS We showed that UA inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of NSCLC cells in the dose- and time-dependent fashion. Furthermore, we found that UA induced phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK and suppressed the protein expression of DNMT1 and EZH2. The inhibitor of SAPK/JNK (SP600125) blocked the UA-reduced expression of DNMT1 and EZH2. In addition, UA suppressed the expression of SP1 protein. Conversely, overexpression of SP1 reversed the effect of UA on DNMT1 and EZH2 expression, and feedback attenuated UA-induced phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK. Moreover, exogenous expression of DNMT1 antagonized the effect of UA on SAPK/JNK signaling, EZH2 protein expression, and NSCLC cell growth. CONCLUSION Our results show that UA inhibits growth of NSCLC cells through SAPK/JNK-mediated inhibition of SP1; this in turn results in inhibition the expression of DNMT1 and EZH2. Overexpression of DNMT1 diminishes UA-reduced EZH2 protein expression. The negative feedback regulation of SAPK/JNK signaling by SP1 and DNMT1, and the reciprocal interaction of EZH2 and DNMT1 contribute to the overall effects of UA. This study leads to important new insights into the mechanisms by which UA controls growth of NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Shunyu Zhao
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - YuQin Chen
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - LiJun Yang
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Liuning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, P. R. China
| | - WanYin Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China.
- , No. 55, Neihuan West Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, P. R. China.
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Yie Y, Zhao S, Tang Q, Zheng F, Wu J, Yang L, Deng S, Hann SS. Ursolic acid inhibited growth of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells through AMPKα-mediated reduction of DNA methyltransferase 1. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 402:63-74. [PMID: 25547067 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2314-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the major histological subtype of primary liver cancer, remains one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Due to the complicated pathogenesis of this malignancy, the outcome for comprehensive treatment is limited. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is emerging as a promising choice for its multi-targets and coordinated intervention effects against HCC. Ursolic acid (UA), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid found in CHM, exerts anti-tumor effects and is emerging as an effective compound for cancer prevention and therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of UA remain largely unknown. In this study, we showed that UA inhibited the growth of HCC cells and induced apoptosis in the dose- and time-dependent fashion. Furthermore, we found that UA induced phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα) and suppressed the protein expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) in the dose-dependent manner. The inhibitor of AMPK, compound C blocked, while an activator of AMPK, metformin augmented the effect of UA on DNMT1 expression. In addition, UA suppressed the expression of transcription factor Sp1. Conversely, overexpression of Sp1 reversed the effect of UA on DNMT1 expression and cell growth. Collectively, our results show for the first time that UA inhibits growth of HCC through AMPKα-mediated inhibition of Sp1; this in turn results in inhibition of DNMT1. This study reveals a potential novel mechanism by which UA controls growth of HCC cells and suggests that DNMT1 could be novel target for HCC chemoprevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyi Yie
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
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Zhao S, Wu J, Zheng F, Tang Q, Yang L, Li L, Wu W, Hann SS. β-elemene inhibited expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 through activation of ERK1/2 and AMPKα signalling pathways in human lung cancer cells: the role of Sp1. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:630-41. [PMID: 25598321 PMCID: PMC4369819 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
β-elemene, a compound derived from Rhizoma zedoariae, is a promising new plant-derived drug with broad-spectrum anticancer activity. However, the underlying mechanism by which this agent inhibits human lung cancer cell growth has not been well elucidated. In this study, we showed that β-elemene inhibits human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell growth, and increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, Akt and AMPKα. Moreover, β-elemene inhibited expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which was not observed in the presence of the specific inhibitors of ERK (PD98059) or AMPK (compound C). Overexpression of DNMT1 reversed the effect of β-elemene on cell growth. Interestingly, metformin not only reversed the effect of β-elemene on phosphorylation of Akt but also strengthened the β-elemene-reduced DNMT1. In addition, β-elemene suppressed Sp1 protein expression, which was eliminated by either ERK1/2 or AMPK inhibitor. Conversely, overexpression of Sp1 antagonized the effect of β-elemene on DNMT1 protein expression and cell growth. Taken together, our results show that β-elemene inhibits NSCLC cell growth via ERK1/2- and AMPKα-mediated inhibition of transcription factor Sp1, followed by reduction in DNMT1 protein expression. Metformin augments the effect of β-elemene by blockade of Akt signalling and additively inhibition of DNMT1 protein expression. The reciprocal ERK1/2 and AMPKα signalling pathways contribute to the overall responses of β-elemene. This study reveals a potential novel mechanism by which β-elemene inhibits growth of NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShunYu Zhao
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Province, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Province, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Province, China
| | - LiJun Yang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Province, China
| | - Liuning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - WanYin Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese MedicineGuangdong Province, China
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Varol N, Konac E, Bilen CY. Does Wnt/β-catenin pathway contribute to the stability of DNMT1 expression in urological cancer cell lines? Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 240:624-30. [PMID: 25349215 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214556951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is considered as one of the most important epigenetic mechanisms and it is catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). DNMT1 abundance has been frequently seen in urogenital system tumors but the reasons for this abundance are not well understood. We aimed to look into the effects of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on overexpression of DNMT1 and aberrant expression of UHRF1 and HAUSP which are responsible for stability of DNMT1 at transcriptional and protein levels in urogenital cancers. In this context, firstly, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated by using SB216763 which is a glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) β inhibitor. Cell proliferation levels in bladder cancer cells, renal cell carcinoma, and prostate cancer cells treated with GSK3β inhibitor (SB216763) were detected by WST-1 reagent. WIF-1 gene methylation profile was determined by methylation-specific PCR (MSP); expression levels of target genes β-catenin and WIF-1 by real-time PCR; and protein levels of β-catenin, DNMT1, pGSK3β(Ser9), HAUSP, and UHRF1 by Western Blot. Our results indicated that treatment with SB216763 caused an increased cell proliferation at low dose. mRNA levels of β-catenin increased after treatment with SB216273 and protein levels of pGSK3β(Ser9), β-catenin, and DNMT1 increased in comparison to control. HAUSP and UHRF1 were either up-regulated or down-regulated at the same doses depending on the type of cancer. Also, we showed that protein levels of DNMT1, β-catenin, HAUSP, and UHRF1 decreased after re-expression of WIF-1 following treatment with DAC. In Caki-2 cells, β-catenin pathway might have accounted for the stability of DNMT1 expression, whereas such relation is not valid for T24 and PC3 cells. Our findings may offer a new approach for determination of molecular effects of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway on DNMT1. This may allow us to identify new molecular targets for the treatment of urogenital cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Varol
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Besevler, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Konac
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Besevler, 06510 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cenk Y Bilen
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
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