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Resti Y, Reynoso GG, Probst L, Indriasari S, Mindara GP, Hakim A, Wurzinger M. A review of on-farm recording tools for smallholder dairy farming in developing countries. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:168. [PMID: 38767809 PMCID: PMC11106116 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The dairy industry has been expanding significantly recently, which has prompted the improvement and adoption of increasingly digital dairy recording tools with cutting-edge technology. The study aimed to identify smallholder dairy farmers' recording tools in developing countries. The study presents the results of an extensive literature review conducted using electronic journal databases. The review involved applying a combination of search terms and Boolean operators. The search found a total of 412 research publications. However, only 21 articles with 24 recording tools were deemed appropriate and were subsequently included in the study. Dairy recording entails gathering and managing data on animal information, traceability, health, and productivity that can be conducted using various methods, from manual record-keeping to digitization. The results show that most studies have endeavoured to develop digital recording tools that focus on production performance (PR), mainly milk production, using the Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile phone applications. Moreover, various technologies, such as networks, desktops, and web apps, have also been invented. Given the widespread ownership of mobile phones among the general population, the use of mobile phones continues to be an appealing choice for recording tools. To enhance the advancement of these tools, it is necessary to address technological obstacles, particularly those associated with access and connectivity. In addition, it is also important to consider the continuity of data input and feedback obtained to the farmers, thus helping them evaluate their farms periodically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuni Resti
- Institute of Livestock Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria
- College of Vocational Studies, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | | | - Lorenz Probst
- Institute of Development Research, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sofiyanti Indriasari
- Faculty of Computer Science, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
- College of Vocational Studies, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | | | - Annisa Hakim
- College of Vocational Studies, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Maria Wurzinger
- Institute of Livestock Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, BOKU University, Vienna, Austria.
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Petrov AF, Bogdanova OV, Narozhnykh KN, Kamaldinov EV, Shatokhin KS, Gart VV, Kulikova SG, Zhigulin TA. Clustering of countries based on dairy productivity characteristics of Holstein cattle for breeding material selection. Vet World 2024; 17:1108-1118. [PMID: 38911070 PMCID: PMC11188896 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.1108-1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim The aim of any breeding process is to create a herd based on certain parameters that reflect an ideal animal vision. Targeted herding involves selecting the source of breeding material to be imported from another country. Therefore, there is a problem in selecting a breeding material importer to rapidly form a uterine canopy with the required properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a set of predictive milk productivity traits in Holstein cattle across countries. Materials and Methods This research was based on records of 819,358 recorded animals from 28 countries born after January 1, 2018, from open databases. We used the Euclidean metric to construct dendrograms characterizing the similarity of countries according to the complex milk productivity traits of the daughters of bulls. The Ward method was used to minimize intracluster variance when forming clusters and constructing the corresponding diagrams. Principal component analysis was used to reduce dimensionality and eliminate the effect of multicollinearity. The principal components were selected using the Kaiser-Harris criteria. Results A ranking of multidimensional complex milk productivity traits in different countries over the past 5 years was performed. A group of leading countries led by the USA was established according to the studied indicators, and the possible reasons for such a division into groups were described. Conclusion The pressure of purposeful artificial selection prevails in comparison with the pressure of natural selection concerning milk productivity traits in a certain group of countries, which allows specialists to choose suppliers when buying breeding animals and materials. The findings are based solely on data from recorded animals, which may not represent the entire breed population within each country, especially in regions where record-keeping may be inconsistent. It is expected that further studies will include regional data from large enterprises not part of Interbull, with mandatory verification and validation. An important element of such work is seen as the ability to compare the milk productivity of populations from different countries using a different scale, as well as studying the differentiation of countries by other selection traits of dairy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. F. Petrov
- Department of Veterinary Genetics and Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russia
| | - O. V. Bogdanova
- Department of Veterinary Genetics and Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russia
| | - K. N. Narozhnykh
- Department of Veterinary Genetics and Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russia
| | - E. V. Kamaldinov
- Department of Veterinary Genetics and Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russia
| | - K. S. Shatokhin
- Department of Veterinary Genetics and Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russia
| | - V. V. Gart
- Department of Veterinary Genetics and Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russia
| | - S. G. Kulikova
- Department of Veterinary Genetics and Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russia
| | - T. A. Zhigulin
- Department of Veterinary Genetics and Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, 630039, Russia
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Aydin KB, Bi Y, Brito LF, Ulutaş Z, Morota G. Review of sheep breeding and genetic research in Türkiye. Front Genet 2024; 15:1308113. [PMID: 38333619 PMCID: PMC10850221 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1308113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The livestock industry in Türkiye is vital to the country's agricultural sector and economy. In particular, sheep products are an important source of income and livelihood for many Turkish smallholder farmers in semi-arid and highland areas. Türkiye is one of the largest sheep producers in the world and its sheep production system is heavily dependent on indigenous breeds. Given the importance of the sheep industry in Türkiye, a systematic literature review on sheep breeding and genetic improvement in the country is needed for the development and optimization of sheep breeding programs using modern approaches, such as genomic selection. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive literature review on the current characteristics of sheep populations and farms based on the most up-to-date census data and breeding and genetic studies obtained from scientific articles. The number of sheep has increased in recent years, mainly due to the state's policy of supporting livestock farming and the increase in consumer demand for sheep dairy products with high nutritional and health benefits. Most of the genetic studies on indigenous Turkish sheep have been limited to specific traits and breeds. The use of genomics was found to be incipient, with genomic analysis applied to only two major breeds for heritability or genome-wide association studies. The scope of heritability and genome-wide association studies should be expanded to include traits and breeds that have received little or no attention. It is also worth revisiting genetic diversity studies using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Although there was no report of genomic selection in Turkish sheep to date, genomics could contribute to overcoming the difficulties of implementing traditional pedigree-based breeding programs that require accurate pedigree recording. As indigenous sheep breeds are better adapted to the local environmental conditions, the proper use of breeding strategies will contribute to increased income, food security, and reduced environmental footprint in a sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Burak Aydin
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Ye Bi
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Luiz F. Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Zafer Ulutaş
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Gota Morota
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
- Center for Advanced Innovation in Agriculture, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Oloo RD, Mrode R, Bennewitz J, Ekine-Dzivenu CC, Ojango JMK, Gebreyohanes G, Mwai OA, Chagunda MGG. Potential for quantifying general environmental resilience of dairy cattle in sub-Saharan Africa using deviations in milk yield. Front Genet 2023; 14:1208158. [PMID: 38162680 PMCID: PMC10757848 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1208158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Genetic improvement of general resilience of dairy cattle is deemed as a part of the solution to low dairy productivity and poor cattle adaptability in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While indicators of general resilience have been proposed and evaluated in other regions, their applicability in SSA remains unexplored. This study sought to test the viability of utilizing log-transformed variance (LnVar), autocorrelation (rauto), and skewness (Skew) of deviations in milk yield as indicators of general resilience of dairy cows performing in the tropical environment of Kenya. Methods: Test-day milk yield records of 2,670 first-parity cows performing in three distinct agroecological zones of Kenya were used. To predict expected milk yield, quantile regression was used to model lactation curve for each cow. Subsequently, resilience indicators were defined based on actual and standardized deviations of observed milk yield from the expected milk yield. The genetic parameters of these indicators were estimated, and their associations with longevity and average test-day milk yield were examined. Results: All indicators were heritable except skewness of actual and standardized deviation. The log-transformed variance of actual (LnVar1) and standardized (LnVar2) deviations had the highest heritabilities of 0.19 ± 0.04 and 0.17 ± 0.04, respectively. Auto-correlation of actual (rauto1) and standardized (rauto2) deviations had heritabilities of 0.05 ± 0.03 and 0.07 ± 0.03, respectively. Weak to moderate genetic correlations were observed among resilience indicators. Both rauto and Skew indicators had negligible genetic correlations with both longevity and average test-day milk yield. LnVar1 and LnVar2 were genetically associated with better longevity (rg = -0.47 ± 0.26 and -0.49 ± 0.26, respectively). Whereas LnVar1 suggested that resilient animals produce lower average test-day milk yield, LnVar2 revealed a genetic association between resilience and higher average test-day milk yield. Discussion: Log transformed variance of deviations in milk yield holds a significant potential as a robust resilience indicator for dairy animals performing in SSA. Moreover, standardized as opposed to actual deviations should be employed in defining resilience indicators because the resultant indicator does not inaccurately infer that low-producing animals are inherently resilient. This study offers an opportunity for enhancing the productivity of dairy cattle performing in SSA through selective breeding for resilience to environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Oloo
- Animal Breeding and Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Livestock Genetics, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Raphael Mrode
- Livestock Genetics, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
- Animal and Veterinary Science, Scotland Rural College, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jörn Bennewitz
- Animal Genetics and Breeding, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Julie M K Ojango
- Livestock Genetics, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Okeyo A Mwai
- Livestock Genetics, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Mizeck G G Chagunda
- Animal Breeding and Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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Visser C, Snyman MA. Incorporating new technologies in breeding plans for South African goats in harsh environments. Anim Front 2023; 13:53-59. [PMID: 37841757 PMCID: PMC10575310 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Visser
- Department of Animal Science, University of Pretoria, P/Bag X28, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Margaretha A Snyman
- Grootfontein Agricultural Development Institute, P/Bag X529, Middelburg, EC, 5900, South Africa
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Houaga I, Mrode R, Opoola O, Chagunda MGG, Mwai OA, Rege JEO, Olori VE, Nash O, Banga CB, Okeno TO, Djikeng A. Livestock phenomics and genetic evaluation approaches in Africa: current state and future perspectives. Front Genet 2023; 14:1115973. [PMID: 37359382 PMCID: PMC10285055 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1115973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The African livestock sector plays a key role in improving the livelihoods of people through the supply of food, improved nutrition and consequently health. However, its impact on the economy of the people and contribution to national GDP is highly variable and generally below its potential. This study was conducted to assess the current state of livestock phenomics and genetic evaluation methods being used across the continent, the main challenges, and to demonstrate the effects of various genetic models on the accuracy and rate of genetic gain that could be achieved. An online survey of livestock experts, academics, scientists, national focal points for animal genetic resources, policymakers, extension agents and animal breeding industry was conducted in 38 African countries. The results revealed 1) limited national livestock identification and data recording systems, 2) limited data on livestock production and health traits and genomic information, 3) mass selection was the common method used for genetic improvement with very limited application of genetic and genomic-based selection and evaluation, 4) limited human capacity, infrastructure, and funding for livestock genetic improvement programmes, as well as enabling animal breeding policies. A joint genetic evaluation of Holstein-Friesian using pooled data from Kenya and South Africa was piloted. The pilot analysis yielded higher accuracy of prediction of breeding values, pointing to possibility of higher genetic gains that could be achieved and demonstrating the potential power of multi-country evaluations: Kenya benefited on the 305-days milk yield and the age at first calving and South Africa on the age at first calving and the first calving interval. The findings from this study will help in developing harmonized protocols for animal identification, livestock data recording, and genetic evaluations (both national and across-countries) as well as in designing subsequent capacity building and training programmes for animal breeders and livestock farmers in Africa. National governments need to put in place enabling policies, the necessary infrastructure and funding for national and across country collaborations for a joint genetic evaluation which will revolutionize the livestock genetic improvement in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidore Houaga
- Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, United Kingdom
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, United Kingdom
| | - Raphael Mrode
- Scotland Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Oluyinka Opoola
- Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, United Kingdom
| | - Mizeck G. G. Chagunda
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Okeyo A. Mwai
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - John E. O. Rege
- Emerge Centre for Innovations-Africa (ECI-Africa), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Oyekanmi Nash
- Centre for Genomics Research and Innovation, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Cuthbert B. Banga
- Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (BUAN), Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Tobias O. Okeno
- Department of Animal Sciences, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Appolinaire Djikeng
- Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH), Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Roslin, United Kingdom
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
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Stocco G, Dadousis C, Pazzola M, Vacca GM, Dettori ML, Mariani E, Cipolat-Gotet C. Prediction accuracies of cheese-making traits using Fourier-transform infrared spectra in goat milk. Food Chem 2023; 403:134403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Strandén I, Kantanen J, Lidauer MH, Mehtiö T, Negussie E. Animal board invited review: Genomic-based improvement of cattle in response to climate change. Animal 2022; 16:100673. [PMID: 36402112 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change brings challenges to cattle production, such as the need to adapt to new climates and pressure to reduce greenhouse emissions (GHG). In general, the improvement of traits in current breeding goals is favourably correlated with the reduction of GHG. Current breeding goals and tools for increasing cattle production efficiency have reduced GHG. The same amount of production can be achieved by a much smaller number of animals. Genomic selection (GS) may offer a cost-effective way of using an efficient breeding approach, even in low- and middle-income countries. As climate change increases the intensity of heatwaves, adaptation to heat stress leads to lower efficiency of production and, thus, is unfavourable to the goal of reducing GHG. Furthermore, there is evidence that heat stress during cow pregnancy can have many generation-long lowering effects on milk production. Both adaptation and reduction of GHG are among the difficult-to-measure traits for which GS is more efficient and suitable than the traditional non-genomic breeding evaluation approach. Nevertheless, the commonly used within-breed selection may be insufficient to meet the new challenges; thus, cross-breeding based on selecting highly efficient and highly adaptive breeds may be needed. Genomic introgression offers an efficient approach for cross-breeding that is expected to provide high genetic progress with a low rate of inbreeding. However, well-adapted breeds may have a small number of animals, which is a source of concern from a genetic biodiversity point of view. Furthermore, low animal numbers also limit the efficiency of genomic introgression. Sustainable cattle production in countries that have already intensified production is likely to emphasise better health, reproduction, feed efficiency, heat stress and other adaptation traits instead of higher production. This may require the application of innovative technologies for phenotyping and further use of new big data techniques to extract information for breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Strandén
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 31600 Jokioinen, Finland.
| | - J Kantanen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - M H Lidauer
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - T Mehtiö
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - E Negussie
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 31600 Jokioinen, Finland
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Torres-Hernández G, Maldonado-Jáquez JA, Granados-Rivera LD, Salinas-González H, Castillo-Hernández G. Status quo of genetic improvement in local goats: a review. Arch Anim Breed 2022; 65:207-221. [PMID: 35693297 PMCID: PMC9176210 DOI: 10.5194/aab-65-207-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to summarize and synthesize the
fragmented information available on the genetic improvement of local goats
(criollo, indigenous, native) on the American and other continents, where
populations with these goats have an important role in food security and the
economy of rural communities, as well as in conservation of biodiversity and
productivity improvement. Topics such as the current state of goat
production globally, conservation programs, resistance to parasites and
diseases, use of phenotypical characteristics and genomic information, and
molecular markers for genetic improvement are addressed. The main
challenges, opportunities, and limitations described in recent literature
concerning local goats in the immediate future are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge Alonso Maldonado-Jáquez
- Colegio de Postgraduados-Campus Montecillo, 56230 Montecillo, Estado
de México, México
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y
Pecuarias, Centro de Investigación Regional Norte Centro, Campo
Experimental La Laguna, 27440 Matamoros, Coahuila, México
| | - Lorenzo Danilo Granados-Rivera
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y
Pecuarias, Centro de Investigación Regional Noreste, Campo Experimental
General Terán, 67400 General Terán, Nuevo León, México
| | | | - Gabriela Castillo-Hernández
- Colegio de Postgraduados-Campus Montecillo, 56230 Montecillo, Estado
de México, México
- Facultad de Estudios
Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 54714 Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de
México, México
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Medrado BD, Pedrosa VB, Pinto LFB. Meta-analysis of genetic parameters for economic traits in buffaloes. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ndung'u CW, Okeno TO, Muasya TK. Pooled parameter estimates for traits of economic importance in indigenous chicken in the tropics. Livest Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Baes
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Schenkel
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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