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Xie D, Wang J. The Association Between Grandchild Care and Biological Aging Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China. Innov Aging 2024; 8:igae059. [PMID: 39036790 PMCID: PMC11258899 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Substantial evidence documents grandchild care is associated with self-reported health, life satisfaction, and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. However, little is known about the relationship between grandchild care and biological aging, especially in China, which emphasizes the unique cultural value of family. The current study sheds light on the biological consequence of grandchild care by examining the link between grandchild care and biological aging among middle-aged and older adults in China, and how gender and spousal involvement in caregiving affect this link. Research Design and Methods In a representative sample of Chinese adults aged 45-80 from the third wave of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2015 (n = 3,384), we calculate biological age using Klemera-Doubal Method, and Ordinary Least Square models are used to examine the correlation between grandchild care and biological aging. Results High intensity of involvement in grandchild care is related to biological aging, and caring for grandchildren alone predicts greater biological aging. Compared with grandfathers, grandmothers lose more from grandchild care regardless of whether their husbands are involved in the care. Discussion and Implications Providing grandchild care should be a way to cope with age-related role discontinuity or loss, rather result in extra stress or burden for grandparents. Reducing the intensity of caregiving or increasing family support may attenuate the extent of biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghong Xie
- School of Political Science and Public Administration, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Centre for Quality of Life and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Institute of Population and Social Development, Shandong Academy of Social Sciences, Jinan, China
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Birditt KS, Turkelson A, Polenick CA, Cranford JA, Smith JA, Ware EB, Blow FC. Alcohol Use and Mortality Among Older Couples in the United States: Evidence of Individual and Partner Effects. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2024; 64:gnad101. [PMID: 37487060 PMCID: PMC10825846 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Spouses with concordant (i.e., similar) drinking behaviors often report better quality marriages and are married longer compared with those who report discordant drinking behaviors. Less is known regarding whether concordant or discordant patterns have implications for health, as couples grow older. The present study examined whether drinking patterns among older couples are associated with mortality over time. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a nationally representative sample of individuals and their partners (married/cohabiting) over age 50 in the United States, in which participants completed surveys every 2 years. Participants included 4,656 married/cohabiting different-sex couples (9,312 individuals) who completed at least 3 waves of the HRS from 1996 to 2016. Participants reported whether they drank alcohol at all in the last 3 months, and if so, the average amount they drank per week. Mortality data were from 2016. RESULTS Analyses revealed concordant drinking spouses (both indicated they drank in the last 3 months) survived longer than discordant drinking spouses (1 partner drinks and the other does not) and concordant nondrinking spouses. Analysis of average drinks per week showed a quadratic association with mortality such that light drinking predicted better survival rates among individuals and their partners compared with abstaining and heavy drinking. Further, similar levels of drinking in terms of the amount of drinking were associated with greater survival, particularly among wives. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS This study moves the field forward by showing that survival varies as a function of one's own and one's partner's drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira S Birditt
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Angela Turkelson
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - James A Cranford
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Erin B Ware
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Frederic C Blow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Nie X, Williams G, Verma A, Zhu Y, Fu H, Jia Y, Dai J, Gao J. Association between alcohol use and frailty among elder adults in three Chinese cities. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:i28-i34. [PMID: 38127560 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty is often described as a condition of the elderly and alcohol use is associated with frailty. The aim of this study is to examine the associations between alcohol use and frailty in three cities in elder adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in three cities in China from June 2017 to October 2018. In total, 2888 residents aged ≥65 years old were selected by using a multi-level stage sampling procedure. Alcohol use was assessed by Focusing on Cutting down, Annoyance by criticism, Guilty feeling, and Eye-openers (CAGE) four-item questionnaire. Frailty was measured by a validated Chinese version of the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illness, and Loss of weight (FRAIL) scale. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine the association of alcohol use with pre-frailty and frailty after controlling for varied covariates. RESULTS In general, the prevalence of pre-frailty and frailty was 38.64 and 20.26%, respectively. After controlling for covariates and interaction of age and problematic drinking, non-problematic drinkers neither had association with pre-frailty (OR: 1.15, 95%CI:0.86-1.52) nor with frailty (OR:0.90, 95%CI:0.60-1.36), and problematic drinkers neither had association with frailty (OR: 1.21, 95%CI:0.83-1.76), while problematic drinkers had high odd ratios of frailty (OR:3.28, 95%CI:2.02-5.33) compared with zero-drinker. CONCLUSIONS Our study found a positive association between problematic drinking and frailty, no relationship between non-problematic drinking and (pre-)frailty compared with zero-drinking among Chinese elder adults. Based on previous findings and ours, we conclude it is important for the prevention of frailty to advocate no problematic drinking among elder adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Nie
- Biostatistics Office of Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Greg Williams
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Arpana Verma
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research and Primary Care, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Yongkai Zhu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hua Fu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingnan Jia
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junming Dai
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junling Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Abstract
The medical disorders of alcoholism rank among the leading public health problems worldwide and the need for predictive and prognostic risk markers for assessing alcohol use disorders (AUD) has been widely acknowledged. Early-phase detection of problem drinking and associated tissue toxicity are important prerequisites for timely initiations of appropriate treatments and improving patient's committing to the objective of reducing drinking. Recent advances in clinical chemistry have provided novel approaches for a specific detection of heavy drinking through assays of unique ethanol metabolites, phosphatidylethanol (PEth) or ethyl glucuronide (EtG). Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) measurements can be used to indicate severe alcohol problems. Hazardous drinking frequently manifests as heavy episodic drinking or in combinations with other unfavorable lifestyle factors, such as smoking, physical inactivity, poor diet or adiposity, which aggravate the metabolic consequences of alcohol intake in a supra-additive manner. Such interactions are also reflected in multiple disease outcomes and distinct abnormalities in biomarkers of liver function, inflammation and oxidative stress. Use of predictive biomarkers either alone or as part of specifically designed biological algorithms helps to predict both hepatic and extrahepatic morbidity in individuals with such risk factors. Novel approaches for assessing progression of fibrosis, a major determinant of prognosis in AUD, have also been made available. Predictive algorithms based on the combined use of biomarkers and clinical observations may prove to have a major impact on clinical decisions to detect AUD in early pre-symptomatic stages, stratify patients according to their substantially different disease risks and predict individual responses to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onni Niemelä
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and Tampere University, Seinäjoki, Finland.
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Birditt KS, Turkelson A, Polenick CA, Cranford JA, Blow FC. Alcohol Use and Blood Pressure Among Older Couples: The Moderating Role of Negative Marital Quality. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2022; 77:1592-1602. [PMID: 35219278 PMCID: PMC9434470 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Spouses often have concordant drinking behaviors and important influences on one another's cardiovascular health. However, little is known about the implications of dyadic drinking patterns for blood pressure, and the marital factors that confer risk or resilience. This article examined links between alcohol use and blood pressure within individuals and opposite-sex couples over time, and whether those links vary by negative marital quality among older adults. METHODS Participants were from the nationally representative longitudinal Health and Retirement Study that included 4,619 respondents in 2,682 opposite-sex couples who participated in at least 2 of the waves from 2006 to 2016. Participants reported the number of drinks they typically consume per week, negative marital quality, and had their blood pressure measured via a cuff. RESULTS Analyses revealed that greater drinking was associated with increased systolic blood pressure among both husbands and wives. Furthermore, husbands who drank more had higher blood pressure when wives drank more alcohol, whereas there was no association between husbands' drinking and blood pressure when wives drank less alcohol. Interactions with negative marital quality showed that drinking concordance may be associated with increased blood pressure over time in more negative marriages. DISCUSSION Findings indicated that spousal drinking concordance, although often associated with positive marital quality, may have negative long-term health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira S Birditt
- Address correspondence to: Kira S. Birditt, PhD, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA. E-mail:
| | - Angela Turkelson
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - James A Cranford
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Frederic C Blow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Scott R, Wiener CH, Paulson D. Functional limitation in later-life: the impact of sips, socialization, and sadness. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:2061-2067. [PMID: 32614616 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1786803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Findings on the health impact of moderate alcohol use in later-life have been discrepant. Unaddressed mechanisms of action and validity concerns may contribute to contrasting results. Several studies have demonstrated a beneficial relationship between moderate alcohol use and functional ability. Research is needed to identify mechanisms of action that explain this relationship, while employing methods to reduce common validity concerns in alcohol use research. This study examines social interaction and depressive symptoms as serial mediators in the relationship between moderate alcohol use and functional limitation in later-life. METHOD HRS data from 2012-2016 were utilized (n = 1,474); heavy drinkers, adults younger than 65, and respondents with inconsistent alcohol use from 2008 to 2016 were excluded. Hypotheses were evaluated using a longitudinal serial mediation model with bias-corrected bootstrapping. RESULTS Results indicated that, in the context of demographic variables, medical burden, and previous functional limitation, the relationship between 2012 moderate alcohol use and 2016 reduced functional limitation is only present when considering the mediating effect of 2014 depressive symptoms as a single mediator, and 2012 social interaction and 2014 depressive symptoms as serial mediators, respectively (total effect model R2=.167). CONCLUSIONS Data indicate that relationships between moderate drinking and reduced functional limitation are explained through increased social interaction and subsequent reduced depressive symptoms. Results identify social interaction as an accessible treatment target to address depressive symptoms and functional limitation, and support increased assessment of IADLs in adults experiencing depressive symptoms (and vice versa) to facilitate early treatment/prevention of functional and emotional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Scott
- Psychology Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Chelsea H Wiener
- Psychology Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel Paulson
- Psychology Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
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Kong L, Zhao H, Fan J, Wang Q, Li J, Bai J, Mao J. Predictors of frailty among Chinese community-dwelling older adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041578. [PMID: 33664069 PMCID: PMC7934736 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of frailty and identify predictors of frailty among Chinese community-dwelling older adults with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN A cross-sectional design. SETTING Two community health centres in central China. PARTICIPANTS 291 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years with type 2 diabetes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Data were collected via face-to-face interviews, anthropometric measurements, laboratory tests and community health files. The main outcome measure was frailty, as assessed by the frailty phenotype criteria. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the predictors of frailty. RESULTS The prevalence of prefrailty and frailty were 51.5% and 19.2%, respectively. The significant predictors of frailty included alcohol drinking (ex-drinker) (OR 4.461, 95% CI 1.079 to 18.438), glycated haemoglobin (OR 1.434, 95% CI 1.045 to 1.968), nutritional status (malnutrition risk/malnutrition) (OR 8.062, 95% CI 2.470 to 26.317), depressive symptoms (OR 1.438, 95% CI 1.166 to 1.773) and exercise behaviour (OR 0.796, 95% CI 0.716 to 0.884). CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of frailty was found among older adults with type 2 diabetes in the Chinese community. Frailty identification and multifaceted interventions should be developed for this population, taking into consideration proper glycaemic control, nutritional instruction, depressive symptoms improvement and enhancement of self-care behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglin Kong
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyao Fan
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Quan Wang
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinbing Bai
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jing Mao
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Jazbar J, Locatelli I, Kos M. The association between medication or alcohol use and the incidence of frailty: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:25. [PMID: 33413145 PMCID: PMC7791729 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01969-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding potentially modifiable factors that influence the risk of frailty is a key concern for the management of this urgent contemporary public health challenge. This study evaluates the association between the use of various medications or alcohol and the incidence of frailty among older adults. METHODS This study was a retrospective cohort study on older adults (≥ 65 years) using data from the longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE survey, 28 countries). Medication use was measured as taking several different groups of medications. Alcohol use was assessed with SHARE questions corresponding to AUDIT-C. The outcome measure was the incidence of frailty after two years, defined by frailty index (FI) and frailty phenotype (FP). A multiple logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association with adjustment for several potential confounding factors. RESULTS Of the 14,665 FI-population participants, 1800 (12.3%) developed frailty within two years. Of the 8133 FP-population participants, 2798 (34.4%) developed pre-frailty and 247 (3.0%) developed frailty within two years of baseline. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, non-hazardous alcohol use (adjusted OR; 95% CI for the FI-population: 0.68; 0.60-0.77) and hazardous alcohol use (0.80; 0.68-0.93) are associated with lower incidence of frailty compared to no alcohol use. The odds of frailty are increased when taking medications; the largest effect size was observed in older adults taking medication for chronic bronchitis (adjusted OR; 95% CI for the FI-population: 2.45; 1.87-3.22), joint pain and other pain medication (2.26; 2.00-2.54), medication for coronary and other heart disease (1.72; 1.52-1.96), medication for diabetes (1.69; 1.46-1.96), and medication for anxiety, depression and sleep problems (1.56; 1.33-1.84). Additionally, the risk of frailty was increased with stroke, Parkinson's disease and dementia. CONCLUSIONS Taking certain groups of medication was associated with increased incidence of frailty and pre-frailty, which might be due to either medication use or the underlying disease. Alcohol use was associated with a lower risk of pre-frailty and frailty compared to no alcohol use, which might be due to reverse causality or residual confounding. There was no significant interaction effect between medication groups and alcohol use on frailty incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janja Jazbar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Askerceva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Locatelli
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Askerceva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mitja Kos
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Askerceva cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Zheng Q, Li Y, Zhang L, Yao Q, Zhang J, Li M, Wang J, Zhu C. [Association between drinking and all-cause mortality in patients with ischemic stroke]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:422-427. [PMID: 31068285 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.04.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between alcohol drinking and all-cause death in patients with ischemic stroke. METHODS Between January, 2010 and July, 2018, consecutive patients with first-episode ischemic stroke admitted in the West China Hospital, Sichuan University were enrolled, and all the patients were followed up every 3 months.Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in the baseline characteristics between the pre-stroke drinkers and the nondrinkers.The Cox regression model was used to analyze the effects of drinking status, drinking years, drinking frequency, average single alcohol intake before stroke and drinking status during the follow-up period on the mortality of patients after discharge. RESULTS A total of 855 patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled, and deaths occurred in 140 of these patients.Chi-square test showed significant differences in gender (P < 0.001), weekly physical exercise time (P=0.035), smoking (P < 0.001), and heart disease (P < 0.001) between the pre-stroke drinkers and nondrinkers.Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that drinking during the follow-up period (P=0.001), drinking for less than 28 years before stroke (P=0.035) and a moderate drinking frequency (5 to 20 times per month for males and 4 to 9 times per month for females; P=0.030) were associated with a lowered risk of death after discharge.No significant effects of pre-stroke drinking status or average single alcohol intake were found on death after ischemic stroke. CONCLUSIONS The drinking years and drinking frequency before stroke and drinking status during the follow-up period are related to the all-cause mortality in patients with ischemic stroke.Investigations of the more specific variables of drinking behaviors during the follow-up period are needed to further clarify the association between drinking and death after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yawen Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mier Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ju Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Cairong Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Strandberg AY, Trygg T, Pitkälä KH, Strandberg TE. Alcohol consumption in midlife and old age and risk of frailty: Alcohol paradox in a 30-year follow-up study. Age Ageing 2018; 47:248-254. [PMID: 29088316 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background alcohol consumption has many harmful health effects, but also benefits of moderate consumption on frailty have been reported. We examined this relationship longitudinally from midlife to old age. Methods data of reported alcohol consumption in midlife (year 1974) and in old age (years 2000 and 2003) were available of a socioeconomically homogenous sample of 2360 men (born 1919-34, the Helsinki Businessmen Study). Alcohol consumption was divided into zero (N = 131 at baseline), light (1-98 g/week, N = 920), moderate (99-196, N = 593), and high consumption (>196, n = 716). Incidence of phenotypic frailty and prefrailty was assessed in 2000 and 2003. Alcohol consumption (reference 1-98 g/week, adjusted for age, body mass index and smoking) was related to frailty both longitudinally (from 1974 to 2000, and from 2000 to 2003) and cross-sectionally in 2000 and 2003. Results during a 30-year follow-up, high consumption clearly decreased whereas lighter consumption remained stable. High consumption in midlife predicted both frailty (odds ratio = 1.61, 95% confidence interval = 1.01-2.56) and prefrailty (1.42; 1.06-1.92) in 2000, association with zero and moderate consumption was insignificant. Cross-sectionally in 2000, both zero (2.08; 1.17-3.68) and high consumption (1.83; 1.07-3.13) were associated with frailty, while in 2003 only zero consumption showed this association (2.47; 1.25-4.88). Conclusion the relationship between alcohol and frailty is a paradox during the life course. High, not zero, consumption in midlife predicts old age frailty, while zero consumption in old age is associated with frailty, probably reflecting reverse causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arto Y Strandberg
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu Trygg
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisu H Pitkälä
- Department of General Practice and
Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Unit of Primary Health Care, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo E Strandberg
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Health Research, Oulu, Finland
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Paulson D, Shah M, Herring D, Scott R, Herrera M, Brush D, Bassett R. The relationship between moderate alcohol consumption, depressive symptomatology, and C-reactive protein: the Health and Retirement Study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2018; 33:316-324. [PMID: 28612359 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Moderate alcohol use has been broadly associated with health benefits among older adults, including improved mood. Aims of this study were to evaluate the relationship of moderate alcohol use and depressive symptomatology over a period of eight years, and to examine inflammation, indicated by C-reactive protein (CRP), as one mechanism by which this relationship functions. METHODS The study included 3177 community-dwelling participants over the age of 65 in 2008 drawn from the Health and Retirement Study. Data from the 2006, 2008, 2012, and 2014 waves were used. Alcohol use was measured via self-report and was dichotomized as abstinent (0 drinks per week) and moderate (1-14 drinks per week). Inflammation was measured using CRP, which was collected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and provided in units of μg/mL. Control variables included gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and medical burden. RESULTS A latent growth curve model with full information maximum likelihood was used, with results revealing that moderate drinkers endorsed fewer depressive symptoms at baseline and a steeper rate of change over time. Abstinent respondents' depressive symptomatology was characterized by a more linear change rate. Further, moderate drinkers had lower CRP levels suggesting that inflammation partially mediates the relationship between moderate alcohol use and depressive symptomatology. CONCLUSIONS Moderate alcohol use predicts fewer depressive symptoms among older adults. This relationship is partially moderated by CRP and is eroded by the passage of time. Future research should identify additional mechanisms relating alcohol to positive health outcomes and less depressive symptomatology. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Paulson
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Mona Shah
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Danielle Herring
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Rosanna Scott
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Manuel Herrera
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - David Brush
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Rachel Bassett
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Jyväkorpi SK, Urtamo A, Pitkälä KH, Strandberg TE. Nutrition, Daily Walking and Resilience Are Associated with Physical Function in the Oldest Old Men. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:1176-1182. [PMID: 30498823 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-018-1136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintaining good physical functioning in old age is of utmost importance for healthy and active aging. We examined physical function and associated factors in the oldest-old men. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The participants of this cross sectional analysis of a longitudinal study were the oldest old men( n=394, mean age 88 years, range 82-97 years) from the Helsinki Business Men cohort who responded to a postal health and nutrition survey in 2016. Physical function was defined using the respective subscale (Physical Function, PF) in the RAND-36 health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument. Resilience was measured with validated Finnish version of Resilience scale. Diet quality was assessed using Mediterranean diet adherence score (MeDi) and Diet quality index (DQI) which is designed to show adherence to Finnish dietary recommendations. Food and dietary intakes were retrieved using 3-day food records (obtained from a sub-group of the respondents). The participants were divided into quartiles corresponding to their PF scores and health and nutrition indicators were calculated into these PF quartiles. Furthermore, a linear regression model was used to determine factors associated with PF. RESULTS PF quartiles were positively associated with lower age, daily walking habit, cognition, diet quality, resilience, alcohol use and negatively associated with blood glucose levels, weight loss, body weight (BW) and falls. Polyunsaturated to saturated fat ratio and berry intake were also associated with PF. In a linear regression model PF was positively associated (p < .001, adjusted R2 = .560) with MeDi, cognition, resilience, vitality (RAND-36), and negatively with age and BW. CONCLUSION MeDi, exercise, resilience, cognition, use of alcohol, fat quality and lower age were positively associated with PF in the oldest-old men. Weight loss, falls and interestingly BW were negatively associated with PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Jyväkorpi
- Satu Jyväkorpi, Tukholmankatu 8 B, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland, Tel: +358 50 4920970,
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Frailty and Its Contributory Factors in Older Adults: A Comparison of Two Asian Regions (Hong Kong and Taiwan). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101096. [PMID: 28934150 PMCID: PMC5664597 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the prevalence of frailty across three Chinese populations: Hong Kong, Taiwan-urban and Taiwan-rural. Contributing factors to disparities in frailty were also examined. Data were derived from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOs) and Women (MsOs) (Hong Kong) Study (n = 4000) and the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 2392). Frailty was defined as an index calculated from 30 multiple deficits. The ratio of the frailty index to life expectancy at birth (FI/LE) was used as an indicator of compression of morbidity. Frailty was more prevalent in Taiwan-urban (33.1%) and Taiwan-rural (38.1%) compared to Hong Kong (16.6%, p < 0.05) and was higher in women (22.6–49.7%) than in men (10.5–27.5%, p < 0.05). The ratios of FI/LE were higher in Taiwan-urban and Taiwan-rural (both 0.27) compared to Hong Kong (0.20, p < 0.05). Multivariate analyses revealed that older age, being a woman and low levels of physical activity were common risk factors for frailty across the three populations. Alcohol use was inversely associated with frailty in both Hong Kong and Taiwan-urban populations, but not in Taiwan-rural. Living alone was associated with frailty in Hong Kong men, but not in Hong Kong women or Taiwanese people. For all study populations, older age and being a woman constituted the highest attributable factor. This comparison provides useful data to inform government policies.
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Boule LA, Kovacs EJ. Alcohol, aging, and innate immunity. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 102:41-55. [PMID: 28522597 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4ru1016-450r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The global population is aging: in 2010, 8% of the population was older than 65 y, and that is expected to double to 16% by 2050. With advanced age comes a heightened prevalence of chronic diseases. Moreover, elderly humans fair worse after acute diseases, namely infection, leading to higher rates of infection-mediated mortality. Advanced age alters many aspects of both the innate and adaptive immune systems, leading to impaired responses to primary infection and poor development of immunologic memory. An often overlooked, yet increasingly common, behavior in older individuals is alcohol consumption. In fact, it has been estimated that >40% of older adults consume alcohol, and evidence reveals that >10% of this group is drinking more than the recommended limit by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Alcohol consumption, at any level, alters host immune responses, including changes in the number, phenotype, and function of innate and adaptive immune cells. Thus, understanding the effect of alcohol ingestion on the immune system of older individuals, who are already less capable of combating infection, merits further study. However, there is currently almost nothing known about how drinking alters innate immunity in older subjects, despite innate immune cells being critical for host defense, resolution of inflammation, and maintenance of immune homeostasis. Here, we review the effects of aging and alcohol consumption on innate immune cells independently and highlight the few studies that have examined the effects of alcohol ingestion in aged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbeth A Boule
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery (GITES), University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; .,The Mucosal Inflammation Program (MIP), University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,The Investigations in Metabolism, Aging, Gender and Exercise (IMAGE) Research Group, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and
| | - Elizabeth J Kovacs
- Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery (GITES), University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; .,The Mucosal Inflammation Program (MIP), University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,The Investigations in Metabolism, Aging, Gender and Exercise (IMAGE) Research Group, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and.,The Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Gregson CL, Zuccolo L. Letter regarding 'Does a bit of alcohol turn off inflammation and improve health?'. Age Ageing 2017; 46:158-159. [PMID: 28181656 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afw236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Celia L Gregson
- Consultant Senior Lecturer and Honorary Consultant Geriatrician, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Luisa Zuccolo
- Senior Research Fellow, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Hill TD, Vaghela P, Ellison CG, Rote S. Processes Linking Religious Involvement and Telomere Length. BIODEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY 2017; 63:167-188. [PMID: 28521619 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2017.1311204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although numerous studies suggest that religious involvement is associated with better health and longer life expectancies, it is unclear whether these general patterns extend to cellular aging. The mechanisms linking indicators of religious involvement with indicators of cellular aging are also undefined. We employed longitudinal data from the 2004 and 2008 Health and Retirement Study, a national probability sample of Americans aged 50 and older, to test whether average telomere length varied according to level of religious attendance. We also tested several potential mechanisms. Our results showed that respondents who attended religious services more frequently in 2004 also exhibited fewer stressful events, lower rates of smoking, fewer symptoms of depression, and lower levels of C-reactive protein in 2008. Respondents who increased their level of attendance from 2004 to 2008 also exhibited lower rates of smoking in 2008. Although religious attendance was not directly associated with telomere length, our mediation analyses revealed significant indirect effects through depression and smoking, but not stressful events or C-reactive protein. We conclude that religious attendance may promote telomere length indirectly by reducing symptoms of depression and the risk of smoking. There was no evidence to support stressful events or C-reactive protein as mechanisms of religious attendance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrence D Hill
- a School of Sociology , The University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona , USA
| | - Preeti Vaghela
- b Department of Sociology , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida , USA
| | - Christopher G Ellison
- c Department of Sociology , University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio , Texas , USA
| | - Sunshine Rote
- d Kent School of Social Work , University of Louisville , Louisville , Kentucky , USA
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Bektas A, Sen R, Ferrucci L. Does a bit of alcohol turn off inflammation and improve health? Age Ageing 2016; 45:747-748. [PMID: 27555047 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afw146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arsun Bektas
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ranjan Sen
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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