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Simon L, Bourgeois BL, Molina PE. Alcohol and Skeletal Muscle in Health and Disease. Alcohol Res 2023; 43:04. [PMID: 37937295 PMCID: PMC10627576 DOI: 10.35946/arcr.v43.1.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Alcohol-related myopathy is one of the earliest alcohol-associated pathological tissue changes that is progressively exacerbated by cumulative long-term alcohol misuse. Acute and chronic alcohol use leads to changes in skeletal muscle mass and function. As discussed in this evidence-based review, alcohol-mediated mechanisms are multifactorial with effects on anabolic and catabolic signaling, mitochondrial bioenergetics, extracellular matrix remodeling, and epigenomic alterations. However, systematic studies are limited, especially regarding the acute effects of alcohol on skeletal muscle. SEARCH METHODS This review focuses on peer-reviewed manuscripts published between January 2012 and November 2022 using the search terms "alcohol" or "ethanol" and "skeletal muscle" in MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science using EndNote reference management software. SEARCH RESULTS Eligible manuscripts included full-length research papers that discussed acute and chronic effects of alcohol on skeletal muscle mass and function in both clinical and preclinical studies. The review also includes alcohol-mediated skeletal muscle effects in the context of comorbidities. The three databases together yielded 708 manuscripts. Of these, the authors excluded from this review 548 papers that did not have "alcohol" or "muscle" in the title and 64 papers that were duplicates or did not discuss skeletal muscle. Thus, of all the manuscripts considered for this review, 96 are included and 612 are excluded. Additionally, relevant papers published earlier than 2012 are included to provide context to the review. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Both acute and chronic alcohol use decrease protein synthesis and increase protein degradation. Alcohol also impairs mitochondrial function and extracellular matrix remodeling. However, there is a gap in the literature on the known alcohol-mediated mechanisms, including senescence, role of immune activation, and interorgan communication, on the development of alcohol-related myopathy. With increased life expectancy, changing alcohol use patterns, and increasing frequency of alcohol use among females, current observational studies are needed on the prevalence of alcohol-related myopathy. Additionally, the compounding effects of acute and chronic alcohol use on skeletal muscle with aging or exercise, in response to injury or disuse, and in the context of comorbidities including diabetes and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), call for further investigation. Though evidence suggests that abstinence or reducing alcohol use can improve muscle mass and function, they are not restored to normal levels. Hence, understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms can help in the design of therapeutic strategies to improve skeletal muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology and Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Brianna L Bourgeois
- Department of Physiology and Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology and Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Simon L, Primeaux SD, Levitt DE, Bourgeois B, Johannsen NM, Peters A, Ahmed J, Marshall RH, Fairchild AH, Ferguson TF, Molina PE. An aerobic exercise intervention to improve metabolic health among people living with HIV with at-risk alcohol use: the ALIVE-Ex research study protocol. AIDS Res Ther 2023; 20:35. [PMID: 37296413 PMCID: PMC10251573 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-023-00530-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWH) has improved life expectancy and increased risk of age-associated cardiometabolic comorbidities. At-risk alcohol use is more frequent among PLWH and increases the risk of health challenges. PLWH with at-risk alcohol use are more likely to meet criteria for prediabetes/diabetes and this is associated with impaired whole-body glucose-insulin dynamics. METHODS The Alcohol & Metabolic Comorbidities in PLWH: Evidence Driven Interventions Study (ALIVE-Ex Study, NCT03299205) is a longitudinal, prospective, interventional study to determine the effects of an aerobic exercise protocol on improving dysglycemia among PLWH with at-risk alcohol use. The intervention is a moderate intensity aerobic exercise protocol implemented 3 days per week for 10 weeks at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans. Participants who have a fasting blood glucose level between 94 and 125 mg/dl will be enrolled in the study. Oral glucose tolerance tests, fitness assessments, and skeletal muscle biopsies will be performed pre- and post-exercise intervention. The primary outcome is to determine whether the exercise protocol improves measures of whole-body glucose-insulin dynamics, cardiorespiratory fitness, and skeletal muscle metabolic and bioenergetic function. Secondary outcomes are to determine whether the exercise intervention improves cognitive function and overall quality of life. Results generated will demonstrate the effect of exercise on glycemic measures in PLWH with subclinical dysglycemia and at-risk alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS The proposed intervention will also have the potential to be scalable to promote lifestyle changes among PLWH, particularly in underserved communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Stefany D Primeaux
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Joint Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism Program, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Danielle E Levitt
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Brianna Bourgeois
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Neil M Johannsen
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Adrianna Peters
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Jameel Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Richard H Marshall
- Department of Radiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | | | - Tekeda F Ferguson
- Joint Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism Program, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, MEB/7205, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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McTernan PM, Siggins RW, Catinis A, Amedee AM, Simon L, Molina PE. Chronic Binge Alcohol and Ovarian Hormone Loss Dysregulate Circulating Immune Cell SIV Co-Receptor Expression and Mitochondrial Homeostasis in SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaques. Biomolecules 2022; 12:946. [PMID: 35883501 PMCID: PMC9313096 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transitioned HIV to a chronic disease, with more than 50% of people living with HIV (PLWH) being over the age of 50. HIV targets activated CD4+ T cells expressing HIV-specific co-receptors (CCR5 and CXCR4). Previously, we reported that chronic binge alcohol (CBA)-administered male rhesus macaques had a higher percentage of gut CD4+ T cells expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) co-receptor CXCR4. Evidence also suggests that gonadal hormone loss increased activated peripheral T cells. Further, mitochondrial function is critical for HIV replication and alcohol dysregulates mitochondrial homeostasis. Hence, we tested the hypothesis that CBA and ovariectomy (OVX) increase circulating activated CD4+ T cells expressing SIV co-receptors and dysregulate mitochondrial homeostasis in SIV-infected female rhesus macaques. Results showed that at the study end-point, CBA/SHAM animals had increased peripheral CD4+ T cell SIV co-receptor expression, and a lower CD4+ T cell count compared to CBA/OVX animals. CBA and OVX animals had altered peripheral immune cell gene expression important for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. These results provide insights into how at-risk alcohol use could potentially impact viral expression in cellular reservoirs, particularly in SIV-infected ovariectomized rhesus macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. McTernan
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (P.M.M.); (R.W.S.); (A.M.A.); (L.S.)
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Robert W. Siggins
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (P.M.M.); (R.W.S.); (A.M.A.); (L.S.)
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Anna Catinis
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Angela M. Amedee
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (P.M.M.); (R.W.S.); (A.M.A.); (L.S.)
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Liz Simon
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (P.M.M.); (R.W.S.); (A.M.A.); (L.S.)
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Patricia E. Molina
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (P.M.M.); (R.W.S.); (A.M.A.); (L.S.)
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
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McTernan PM, Levitt DE, Welsh DA, Simon L, Siggins RW, Molina PE. Alcohol Impairs Immunometabolism and Promotes Naïve T Cell Differentiation to Pro-Inflammatory Th1 CD4 + T Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:839390. [PMID: 35634279 PMCID: PMC9133564 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.839390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T cell differentiation to pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive subsets depends on immunometabolism. Pro-inflammatory CD4+ subsets rely on glycolysis, while immunosuppressive Treg cells require functional mitochondria for their differentiation and function. Previous pre-clinical studies have shown that ethanol (EtOH) administration increases pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cell subsets; whether this shift in immunophenotype is linked to alterations in CD4+ T cell metabolism had not been previously examined. The objective of this study was to determine whether ethanol alters CD4+ immunometabolism, and whether this affects CD4+ T cell differentiation. Naïve human CD4+ T cells were plated on anti-CD3 coated plates with soluble anti-CD28, and differentiated with IL-12 in the presence of ethanol (0 and 50 mM) for 3 days. Both Tbet-expressing (Th1) and FOXP3-expressing (Treg) CD4+ T cells increased after differentiation. Ethanol dysregulated CD4+ T cell differentiation by increasing Th1 and decreasing Treg CD4+ T cell subsets. Ethanol increased glycolysis and impaired oxidative phosphorylation in differentiated CD4+ T cells. Moreover, the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) prevented the ethanol-mediated increase in Tbet-expressing CD4+ T cells but did not attenuate the decrease in FOXP3 expression in differentiated CD4+ T cells. Ethanol increased Treg mitochondrial volume and altered expression of genes implicated in mitophagy and autophagosome formation (PINK1 and ATG7). These results suggest that ethanol impairs CD4+ T cell immunometabolism and disrupts mitochondrial repair processes as it promotes CD4+ T cell differentiation to a pro-inflammatory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. McTernan
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Danielle E. Levitt
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - David A. Welsh
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Robert W. Siggins
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Patricia E. Molina
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
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Osna NA, New-Aaron M, Dagur RS, Thomes P, Simon L, Levitt D, McTernan P, Molina PE, Choi HY, Machida K, Sherman KE, Riva A, Phillips S, Chokshi S, Kharbanda KK, Weinman S, Ganesan M. A review of alcohol-pathogen interactions: New insights into combined disease pathomechanisms. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:359-370. [PMID: 35076108 PMCID: PMC8920772 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Progression of chronic infections to end-stage diseases and poor treatment results are frequently associated with alcohol abuse. Alcohol metabolism suppresses innate and adaptive immunity leading to increased viral load and its spread. In case of hepatotropic infections, viruses accelerate alcohol-induced hepatitis and liver fibrosis, thereby promoting end-stage outcomes, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this review, we concentrate on several unexplored aspects of these phenomena, which illustrate the combined effects of viral/bacterial infections and alcohol in disease development. We review alcohol-induced alterations implicated in immunometabolism as a central mechanism impacting metabolic homeostasis and viral pathogenesis in Simian immunodeficiency virus/human immunodeficiency virus infection. Furthermore, in hepatocytes, both HIV infection and alcohol activate oxidative stress to cause lysosomal dysfunction and leakage and apoptotic cell death, thereby increasing hepatotoxicity. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma and tumor signaling in hepatitis C virus infection. Finally, we analyze studies that review and describe the immune derangements in hepatotropic viral infections focusing on the development of novel targets and strategies to restore effective immunocompetency in alcohol-associated liver disease. In conclusion, alcohol exacerbates the pathogenesis of viral infections, contributing to a chronic course and poor outcomes, but the mechanisms behind these events are virus specific and depend on virus-alcohol interactions, which differ among the various infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A. Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Moses New-Aaron
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health, and Toxicology, College of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health, and Toxicology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Raghubendra S. Dagur
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Paul Thomes
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology & Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Danielle Levitt
- Department of Physiology & Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Patrick McTernan
- Department of Physiology & Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Patricia E. Molina
- Department of Physiology & Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Hye Yeon Choi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9020, USA
| | - Keigo Machida
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9020, USA
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9141, USA
| | - Kenneth E. Sherman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Digestive Disease, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0595, USA
| | - Antonio Riva
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
| | - Sandra Phillips
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
| | - Shilpa Chokshi
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK
| | - Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Steven Weinman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Simon L, Torres D, Saravia A, Levitt DE, Vande Stouwe C, McGarrah H, Coleman L, Dufour JP, Amedee AM, Molina PE. Chronic binge alcohol and ovariectomy-mediated impaired insulin responsiveness in SIV-infected female rhesus macaques. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 321:R699-R711. [PMID: 34524906 PMCID: PMC8616623 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00159.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging people living with HIV (PLWH), especially postmenopausal women may be at higher risk of comorbidities associated with HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART), hypogonadism, and at-risk alcohol use. Our studies in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected male macaques demonstrated that chronic binge alcohol (CBA) reduced acute insulin response to glucose (AIRG), and at-risk alcohol use decreased HOMA-β in PLWH. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of ovariectomy (OVX) on glucose-insulin dynamics and integrity of pancreatic endocrine function in CBA/SIV-infected female macaques. Female macaques were administered CBA (12-15 g/kg/wk) or isovolumetric water (VEH) intragastrically. Three months after initiation of CBA/VEH administration, all macaques were infected with SIVmac251, and initiated on antiretroviral therapy (ART) 2.5 mo postinfection. After 1 mo of ART, macaques were randomized to OVX or sham surgeries (n = 7 or 8/group), and euthanized 8 mo post-OVX (study endpoint). Frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests (FSIVGTT) were performed at selected time points. Pancreatic gene expression and islet morphology were determined at study endpoint. There was a main effect of CBA to decrease AIRG at Pre-SIV and study endpoint. There were no statistically significant OVX effects on AIRG (P = 0.06). CBA and OVX decreased the expression of pancreatic markers of insulin docking and release. OVX increased endoplasmic stress markers. CBA but not OVX impaired glucose-insulin expression dynamics in SIV-infected female macaques. Both CBA and OVX altered integrity of pancreatic endocrine function. These findings suggest increased vulnerability of PLWH to overt metabolic dysfunction that may be exacerbated by alcohol use and ovarian hormone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Diego Torres
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Ari Saravia
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Danielle E Levitt
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Curtis Vande Stouwe
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Heather McGarrah
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Larry Coleman
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jason P Dufour
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana
| | - Angela M Amedee
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Comprehensive Alcohol HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Poret JM, Guidry JJ, Simon L, Molina PE. Chronic binge alcohol and ovariectomy dysregulate omental adipose tissue metaboproteome in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected female macaques. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:358-371. [PMID: 34252326 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00001.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced mortality of people living with HIV (PLWH), and the prevalence of at-risk alcohol use is higher among PLWH. Increased survival and aging of PLWH is associated with increased prevalence of metabolic comorbidities especially among menopausal women, and adipose tissue metabolic dysregulation may be a significant contributing factor. We examined the differential effects of chronic binge alcohol (CBA) administration and ovariectomy (OVX) on the omental adipose tissue (OmAT) proteome in a subset of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques of a longitudinal parent study. Quantitative discovery-based proteomics identified 1,429 differentially expressed proteins. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to calculate z-scores, or activation predictions, for functional pathways and diseases. Results revealed that protein changes associated with functional pathways centered around the "OmAT metaboproteome profile." Based on z-scores, CBA did not affect functional pathways of metabolic disease but dysregulated proteins involved in adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and lipid metabolism. OVX-mediated proteome changes were predicted to promote pathways involved in glucose- and lipid-associated metabolic disease. Proteins involved in apoptosis, necrosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathways were also predicted to be activated by OVX and these were predicted to be inhibited by CBA. These results provide evidence for the role of ovarian hormone loss in mediating OmAT metaboproteome dysregulation in SIV and suggest that CBA modifies OVX-associated changes. In the context of OVX, CBA administration produced larger metabolic and cellular effects, which we speculate may reflect a protective role of estrogen against CBA-mediated adipose tissue injury in female SIV-infected macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonquil M Poret
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jessie J Guidry
- Department of Biochemistry and The Proteomic Core Facility, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Singh SS, Kumar A, Welch N, Sekar J, Mishra S, Bellar A, Gangadhariah M, Attaway A, Al Khafaji H, Wu X, Pathak V, Agrawal V, McMullen MR, Hornberger TA, Nagy LE, Davuluri G, Dasarathy S. Multiomics-Identified Intervention to Restore Ethanol-Induced Dysregulated Proteostasis and Secondary Sarcopenia in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Cell Physiol Biochem 2021; 55:91-116. [PMID: 33543862 DOI: 10.33594/000000327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Signaling and metabolic perturbations contribute to dysregulated skeletal muscle protein homeostasis and secondary sarcopenia in response to a number of cellular stressors including ethanol exposure. Using an innovative multiomics-based curating of unbiased data, we identified molecular and metabolic therapeutic targets and experimentally validated restoration of protein homeostasis in an ethanol-fed mouse model of liver disease. METHODS Studies were performed in ethanol-treated differentiated C2C12 myotubes and physiological relevance established in an ethanol-fed mouse model of alcohol-related liver disease (mALD) or pair-fed control C57BL/6 mice. Transcriptome and proteome from ethanol treated-myotubes and gastrocnemius muscle from mALD and pair-fed mice were analyzed to identify target pathways and molecules. Readouts including signaling responses and autophagy markers by immunoblots, mitochondrial oxidative function and free radical generation, and metabolic studies by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and sarcopenic phenotype by imaging. RESULTS Multiomics analyses showed that ethanol impaired skeletal muscle mTORC1 signaling, mitochondrial oxidative pathways, including intermediary metabolite regulatory genes, interleukin-6, and amino acid degradation pathways are β-hydroxymethyl-butyrate targets. Ethanol decreased mTORC1 signaling, increased autophagy flux, impaired mitochondrial oxidative function with decreased tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediary metabolites, ATP synthesis, protein synthesis and myotube diameter that were reversed by HMB. Consistently, skeletal muscle from mALD had decreased mTORC1 signaling, reduced fractional and total muscle protein synthesis rates, increased autophagy markers, lower intermediary metabolite concentrations, and lower muscle mass and fiber diameter that were reversed by β-hydroxymethyl-butyrate treatment. CONCLUSION An innovative multiomics approach followed by experimental validation showed that β-hydroxymethyl-butyrate restores muscle protein homeostasis in liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Welch
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jinendiran Sekar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Saurabh Mishra
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Annette Bellar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Amy Attaway
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Pulmonology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hayder Al Khafaji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vai Pathak
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vandana Agrawal
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Megan R McMullen
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Troy A Hornberger
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA, .,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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McTernan PM, Katz PS, Porretta C, Welsh DA, Siggins RW. A Novel FACS-Based Workflow for Simultaneous Assessment of RedOx Status, Cellular Phenotype, and Mitochondrial Genome Stability. BIOCHEM 2021; 1:1-18. [PMID: 35937039 PMCID: PMC9355044 DOI: 10.3390/biochem1010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular reduction-oxidation (RedOx) status mediates a myriad of critical biological processes. Importantly, RedOx status regulates the differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and maturation of CD8+ T Lymphocytes. In most cells, mitochondria are the greatest contributors of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excess ROS leads to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and protein depletion. We have developed a fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based protocol to simultaneously analyze RedOx status and mtDNA integrity. This simultaneous analysis includes measurements of ROS (reduced glutathione (GSH)), ATP5H (nuclear encoded protein), MTCO1 (mitochondrial DNA encoded protein), and cell surface markers to allow discrimination of different cell populations. Using the ratio of MTCO1 to ATP5H median fluorescence intensity (MFI), we can gain an understanding of mtDNA genomic stability, since MTCO1 levels are decreased when mtDNA becomes significantly damaged. Furthermore, this workflow can be optimized for sorting cells, using any of the above parameters, allowing for downstream quantification of mtDNA genome copies/nucleus by quantitative PCR (qPCR). This unique methodology can be used to enhance analyses of the impacts of pharmacological interventions, as well as physiological and pathophysiological processes on RedOx status along with mitochondrial dynamics in most cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. McTernan
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Paige S. Katz
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Constance Porretta
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - David A. Welsh
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Robert W. Siggins
- Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-504-568-2045
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10
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Levitt DE, Chalapati N, Prendergast MJ, Simon L, Molina PE. Ethanol-Impaired Myogenic Differentiation is Associated With Decreased Myoblast Glycolytic Function. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:2166-2176. [PMID: 32945016 PMCID: PMC7680427 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myopathy affects nearly half of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), and impaired skeletal muscle regenerative potential is a probable contributing factor. Previous findings from our laboratory indicate that chronic in vivo and in vitro ethanol (EtOH) treatment decreases myogenic potential of skeletal muscle myoblasts. Myogenesis, a highly coordinated process, requires shifts in cellular metabolic state allowing for myoblasts to proliferate and differentiate into mature myotubes. The objective of this study was to determine whether alcohol interferes with myoblast mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolism and impairs myogenic differentiation. METHODS Myoblasts were isolated from vastus lateralis muscle excised from alcohol-naïve adult male (n = 5) and female (n = 5) rhesus macaques. Myoblasts were proliferated for 3 days (day 0 differentiation; D0) and differentiated for 5 days (D5) with or without 50 mM EtOH. Metabolism was assessed using a mitochondrial stress test to measure oxygen consumption (OCR) and extracellular acidification (ECAR) rates at D0. Differentiation was examined at D5. Expression of mitochondrial and glycolytic genes and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was measured at D0 and D5. RESULTS Ethanol significantly (p < 0.05) increased myoblast maximal OCR and decreased ECAR at D0, and decreased fusion index, myotubes per field, and total nuclei at D5. The EtOH-induced decrease in ECAR was associated with the EtOH-mediated decreases in fusion index and myotubes per field. EtOH did not alter the decrease in glycolytic gene expression and increase in mtDNA from D0 to D5. CONCLUSION During myoblast proliferation, EtOH decreased glycolytic metabolism and increased maximal OCR, suggesting that myoblast metabolic phenotype was dysregulated with EtOH. The EtOH-induced decrease in ECAR was associated with decreased differentiation. These findings suggest that EtOH-mediated shifts in metabolic phenotype may underlie impaired differentiation, which has important clinical implications for myogenesis in those affected by alcoholic myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E. Levitt
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Naveena Chalapati
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Matthew J. Prendergast
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Patricia E. Molina
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
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11
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Simon L, Ferguson TF, Vande Stouwe C, Brashear MM, Primeaux SD, Theall KP, Welsh DA, Molina PE. Prevalence of Insulin Resistance in Adults Living with HIV: Implications of Alcohol Use. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:742-752. [PMID: 32449647 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2020.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy alcohol use is prevalent among persons living with HIV (PLWH). Aging and increased survival of PLWH on antiretroviral therapy (ART) are complicated by metabolic dysregulation and increased risk of insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and association of IR with unhealthy alcohol use in adult in-care PLWH. A cross-sectional analysis of metabolic parameters and alcohol use characteristics was conducted in adult PLWH enrolled in the New Orleans Alcohol Use in HIV (NOAH) Study. IR was estimated using homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), triglyceride index, and McAuley index and beta cell function (HOMA-β). Alcohol use was assessed using Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)-C, 30-day timeline followback (TLFB), lifetime drinking history, and phosphatidylethanol (PEth) measures. A total of 351 participants, with a mean age [±standard deviation (SD)] of 48.1 ± 10.4 years, were included (69.6% male). Of these, 57% had an AUDIT-C score of 4 or greater, indicating unhealthy alcohol use. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.2 ± 7.0 kg/m2, 36.4% met criteria for metabolic syndrome, and 14% were diagnosed with diabetes. After adjusting for education, race, BMI, smoking status, viral load, CD4 count, use of protease inhibitors, statins, or metformin; physical activity and diabetes diagnosis, HOMA-IR, and McAuley index were negatively associated with AUDIT-C, and HOMA-β cell function was negatively associated with AUDIT-C, PEth, and TLFB. Cross-sectional analysis of NOAH participants indicates that alcohol use is associated with decreased HOMA-β cell function, suggesting dysregulation of endocrine pancreatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz Simon
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tekeda F. Ferguson
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Curtis Vande Stouwe
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Meghan M. Brashear
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Stefany D. Primeaux
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Katherine P. Theall
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - David A. Welsh
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Pulmonary/Critical Care and Allergy/Immunology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Patricia E. Molina
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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12
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Osna NA, Bhatia R, Thompson C, Batra SK, Kumar S, Cho Y, Szabo G, Molina PE, Weinman SA, Ganesan M, Kharbanda KK. Role of non-Genetic Risk Factors in Exacerbating Alcohol-related organ damage. Alcohol 2020; 87:63-72. [PMID: 32497558 PMCID: PMC7483997 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a summary of the symposium titled "Role of Non-Genetic Risk Factors in Exacerbating Alcohol-Related Organ Damage", which was held at the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism. The goals of the symposium were to provide newer insights into the role of non-genetic factors, including specific external factors, notably infectious agents or lifestyle factors, that synergistically act to exacerbate alcohol pathogenicity to generate more dramatic downstream biological defects. This summary of the symposium will benefit junior/senior basic scientists and clinicians currently investigating/treating alcohol-induced organ pathology, as well as undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate students and fellows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Osna
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Rakesh Bhatia
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Christopher Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Yeonhee Cho
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gyongyi Szabo
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, LSUHSC-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Steven A Weinman
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Liver Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Murali Ganesan
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Kusum K Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.
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13
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Varlamov O, Bucher M, Myatt L, Newman N, Grant KA. Daily Ethanol Drinking Followed by an Abstinence Period Impairs Bone Marrow Niche and Mitochondrial Function of Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells in Rhesus Macaques. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:1088-1098. [PMID: 32220015 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy consumption of alcohol is a major public health crisis with strong associations between immunological dysfunctions, high vulnerability to infectious disease, anemia, and an increase in the risk of hematological malignancies. However, there is a lack of studies addressing alcohol-induced changes in bone marrow (BM) and hematopoiesis as fundamental aspects of immune system function. METHODS To address the effect of chronic alcohol consumption on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and the BM niche, we used an established rhesus macaque model of voluntary alcohol drinking. A cohort of young adult male rhesus macaques underwent a standard ethanol self-administration protocol that allowed a choice of drinking alcohol or water 22 hours/day with periods of forced abstinence that elevated subsequent intakes when alcohol availability resumed. Following the last month of forced abstinence, the monkeys were euthanized. HSPCs and bone samples were collected and analyzed in functional assays and by confocal microscopy. RESULTS HSPCs from alcohol animals exhibited reduced ability to form granulocyte-monocyte and erythroid colonies in vitro. HSPCs also displayed a decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption linked to ATP production and basal respiratory capacity. Chronic alcohol use led to vascular remodeling of the BM niche, a reduction in the number of primitive HSPCs, and a shift in localization of HSPCs from an adipose to a perivascular niche. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates, for the first time, that chronic voluntary alcohol drinking in rhesus macaque monkeys leads to the long-term impairment of HSPC function, a reduction in mitochondrial respiratory activity, and alterations in the BM microenvironment. Further studies are needed to determine whether these changes in hematopoiesis are persistent or adaptive during the abstinent period and whether an initial imprinting to alcohol primes BM to become more vulnerable to future exposure to alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Varlamov
- From the, Division of Cardiometabolic Health, (OV), Oregon National Primate Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Matthew Bucher
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, (MB, LM), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Leslie Myatt
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, (MB, LM), Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Natali Newman
- Division of Neuroscience, (NN, KAG), Oregon National Primate Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kathleen A Grant
- Division of Neuroscience, (NN, KAG), Oregon National Primate Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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14
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Adler K, Molina PE, Simon L. Epigenomic mechanisms of alcohol-induced impaired differentiation of skeletal muscle stem cells; role of Class IIA histone deacetylases. Physiol Genomics 2019; 51:471-479. [PMID: 31398085 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00043.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of functional metabolic muscle mass remains a strong and consistent predictor of mortality among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). PLWH have a higher incidence of alcohol use disorder (AUD), and myopathy is a significant clinical comorbidity due to AUD. One mechanism of skeletal muscle (SKM) mass maintenance and repair is by differentiation and fusion of satellite cells (SCs) to existing myofibers. Previous studies demonstrated that chronic binge alcohol (CBA) administration decreases SC differentiation potential, myogenic gene expression, and miR-206 expression in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected male rhesus macaques and that miR-206 targets the Class IIA histone deacetylase, HDAC4. The aim of this study was to determine whether alcohol-induced increases in Class IIA HDACs mediate the observed decrease in differentiation potential of SCs. Data show that CBA dysregulated HDAC gene expression in SKM and myoblasts of SIV-infected macaques. CBA and antiretroviral therapy increased HDAC activity in SKM and this was positively correlated with HDAC4 gene expression. In vitro ethanol (ETOH) treatment increased HDAC expression during differentiation and decreased differentiation potential of myoblasts. HDAC expression was negatively correlated with fusion index and myotube formation, indicators of differentiation potential. Treatment with a Class II HDAC inhibitor, TMP195, restored differentiation in ETOH-treated myoblasts. MEF2C expression at day 3 of differentiation was positively correlated with fusion index and myotube formation. These findings suggest that an alcohol-mediated increase in Class IIA HDAC expression contributes to decreased myoblast differentiation by downregulating MEF2C, a transcription factor critical for myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Adler
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Liz Simon
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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15
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Ford SM, Simon Peter L, Berner P, Cook G, Vande Stouwe C, Dufour J, Bagby G, Nelson S, Molina PE. Differential contribution of chronic binge alcohol and antiretroviral therapy to metabolic dysregulation in SIV-infected male macaques. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E892-E903. [PMID: 30040479 PMCID: PMC6293168 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00175.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is higher among people living with HIV (PLWH). The advent and continued development of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced mortality, shifting the course of HIV infection to a chronic illness. However, this is associated with an increased incidence of comorbid conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular complications. Using a nonhuman primate model of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection, previous studies have demonstrated that chronic binge alcohol (CBA) administration decreases whole body insulin responsiveness, irrespective of ART administration. The objective of the current study was to determine the effects of CBA and ART on insulin-sensitive peripheral tissues before the development of overt clinical symptoms of SIV disease. Our results show that CBA reduced omental adipocyte cell size, increased collagen expression, and decreased the in vitro differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells. In contrast, it did not alter skeletal muscle or omental or hepatic expression of insulin signaling proteins. However, ART significantly decreased skeletal muscle expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog, total mechanistic target of rapamycin, and ribosomal protein S6. In addition, ART increased hepatic phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase α and increased gene expression of key enzymes required for gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis. These findings suggest that CBA and ART differentially promote adverse metabolic effects in an organ-specific manner that may underlie insulin resistance associated with alcohol, SIV, and ART. Whether this is translated in PLWH with AUD remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Ford
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Liz Simon Peter
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Paul Berner
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Garth Cook
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Curtis Vande Stouwe
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jason Dufour
- Divison of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center , Covington, Louisiana
| | - Gregory Bagby
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Steve Nelson
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Patricia E Molina
- Department of Physiology, Comprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
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16
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Molina PE, Simon L, Amedee AM, Welsh DA, Ferguson TF. Impact of Alcohol on HIV Disease Pathogenesis, Comorbidities and Aging: Integrating Preclinical and Clinical Findings. Alcohol Alcohol 2018; 53:439-447. [PMID: 29546271 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agy016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Short Summary : Effective combined antiretroviral therapy regimens have extended survival of persons living with HIV (PLWH). Heavy alcohol consumption is common in PLWH. This overview integrates evidence from clinical and preclinical research to identify salient alcohol-related mechanisms and comorbidities contributing to disease pathogenesis and accelerated aging and senescence in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E Molina
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center and Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, LSUHSC, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Liz Simon
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center and Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, LSUHSC, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Angela M Amedee
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center and Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, LSUHSC, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - David A Welsh
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center and Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, LSUHSC, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tekeda F Ferguson
- Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center and Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, LSUHSC, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA, USA
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17
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Duplanty AA, Siggins RW, Allerton T, Simon L, Molina PE. Myoblast mitochondrial respiration is decreased in chronic binge alcohol administered simian immunodeficiency virus-infected antiretroviral-treated rhesus macaques. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13625. [PMID: 29504290 PMCID: PMC5835494 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Work from our group demonstrated that chronic binge alcohol (CBA)-induces mitochondrial gene dysregulation at end-stage disease of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve rhesus macaques. Alterations in gene expression can disrupt mitochondrial homeostasis and in turn contribute to the risk of metabolic comorbidities characterized by loss of skeletal muscle (SKM) functional mass that are associated with CBA, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and prolonged ART. The aim of this study was to examine the interaction of CBA and ART on SKM fiber oxidative capacity and myoblast mitochondrial respiration in asymptomatic SIV-infected macaques. SKM biopsies were obtained and myoblasts isolated at baseline and 11 months post-SIV infection from CBA/SIV/ART+ and from sucrose (SUC)-treated SIV-infected (SUC/SIV/ART+) macaques. CBA and ART decreased succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity in type 1 and type 2b fibers as determined by immunohistochemistry. Myoblasts isolated from CBA/SIV/ART+ macaques showed decreased maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) compared to myoblasts from control macaques. Maximal OCR was significantly increased in control myoblasts following incubation with formoterol, a beta adrenergic agonist, and this was associated with increased PGC-1α expression and mtDNA quantity. Additionally, formoterol treatment of myoblasts isolated from CBA/SIV/ART+ macaques partially restored maximal OCR to levels not significantly different from control. These results show that CBA in combination with ART impairs myoblast mitochondrial homeostasis in SIV-infected macaques. Moreover, our findings suggest that adrenergic agonists can potentially ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction. Future studies will elucidate whether physical exercise in HIV patients with alcohol use disorder can improve mitochondrial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony A. Duplanty
- Department of PhysiologyComprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of ExcellenceLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLouisiana
| | - Robert W. Siggins
- Department of PhysiologyComprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of ExcellenceLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLouisiana
| | - Timothy Allerton
- Department of PhysiologyComprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of ExcellenceLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLouisiana
| | - Liz Simon
- Department of PhysiologyComprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of ExcellenceLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLouisiana
| | - Patricia E. Molina
- Department of PhysiologyComprehensive Alcohol Research Center, Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of ExcellenceLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLouisiana
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