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Sabu G, De S. Be 2+ Causes Hypersensitivity but Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ Do Not─Favorable Metal Coordination Is the Key for Differential Allosteric Modulation and Binding Affinities. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:10326-10337. [PMID: 38010277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Although the ion selectivity of metalloproteins has been well established, selective metal antigen recognition by immunoproteins remains elusive. One such case is the recognition of the Be2+ ion against its heavier congeners, Mg2+ and Ca2+, by the human leukocyte antigen immunoprotein (HLA-DP2), leading to immunotoxicity. Integrating with our previous mechanistic study on Be2+ toxicity, herein, we have explored the basis of characteristic nontoxicity of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions despite their in vivo abundance. The ion binding cleft of the HLA-DP2-peptide complex is composed of four acidic residues, p4D and p7E from the peptide and β26E and β69E from the protein. While the tetrahedral coordination site of the smaller Be2+ ion is located deep inside the cavity, hexa- to octa-coordination sites of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions are located closer to the protein surface. The intrinsic high coordination number of Mg2+/Ca2+ ions induces allosteric modifications on the HLA-DP2_M2 surface, which are atypical for TCR recognition. Furthermore, the lower binding energy of larger Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions with the cavity residues can be correlated to the lower charge density and reduced covalent bonding nature as compared to those of the smaller Be2+ ion. In short, weak binding of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions and the unfavorable allosteric surface modifications are probably the major determinants for the absence of Mg2+/Ca2+ ion-mediated hypersensitivity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopika Sabu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Thrikakkara, Kochi 682 022, India
| | - Susmita De
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Calicut University P.O., Malappuram 673 635, Kerala, India
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2
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The dubious origin of beryllium toxicity. Struct Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-023-02130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
AbstractFour mechanisms have been proposed in the literature to explain beryllium toxicity; they can be divided in two groups of two mechanisms: (i) replacement type: models 1 and 2; (ii) addition type: models 3 and 4. At this moment is not possible to select the best model not even to establish if one of these models will be the ultimate mechanism of beryllium toxicity. However, it is important to know the still open discussion about something so important associated with one of the simplest elements of the periodic table.
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Accessing the main-group metal formyl scaffold through CO-activation in beryllium hydride complexes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:461. [PMID: 35075124 PMCID: PMC8786820 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an indispensable C1 building block. For decades this abundant gas has been employed in hydroformylation and Pausen-Khand catalysis, amongst many related chemistries, where a single, non-coupled CO fragment is delivered to an organic molecule. Despite this, organometallic species which react with CO to yield C1 products remain rare, and are elusive for main group metal complexes. Here, we describe a range of amido-beryllium hydride complexes, and demonstrate their reactivity towards CO, in its mono-insertion into the Be-H bonds of these species. The small radius of the Be2+ ion in conjunction with the non-innocent pendant phosphine moiety of the developed ligands leads to a unique beryllium formyl complex with an ylidic P-COC fragment, whereby the carbon centre, remarkably, datively binds Be. This, alongside reactivity toward carbon dioxide, sheds light on the insertion chemistry of the Be-H bond, complimenting the long-known chemistry of the heavier Alkaline Earth hydrides. Stoichiometric carbon monoxide insertion processes leading to metal-formyl complexes are scarce, even for transition metals. Here, light is shed on the underexplored chemistry of beryllium hydrides leading to a stable example of a main group metal-formyl complex.
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4
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Laxdal R, Maharaj DD, Abbaslou M, Tun Z, Banks D, Gottberg A, Marchetto M, Rodriguez E, Yamani Z, Fritzsche H, Rogge R, Pan M, Kester O, Marquardt D. A prototype compact accelerator-based neutron source (CANS) for Canada. JOURNAL OF NEUTRON RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/jnr-210012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Canada’s access to neutron beams for neutron scattering was significantly curtailed in 2018 with the closure of the National Research Universal (NRU) reactor in Chalk River, Ontario, Canada. New sources are needed for the long-term; otherwise, access will only become harder as the global supply shrinks. Compact Accelerator-based Neutron Sources (CANS) offer the possibility of an intense source of neutrons with a capital cost significantly lower than spallation sources. In this paper, we propose a CANS for Canada. The proposal is staged with the first stage offering a medium neutron flux, linear accelerator-based approach for neutron scattering that is also coupled with a boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) station and a positron emission tomography (PET) isotope production station. The first stage will serve as a prototype for a second stage: a higher brightness, higher cost facility that could be viewed as a national centre for neutron applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dalini D. Maharaj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, ON, Canada
- Targets & Ion Sources, TRIUMF, BC, Canada
| | - Mina Abbaslou
- Accelerator Division, TRIUMF, BC, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Zin Tun
- TVB Associates Inc., ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming Pan
- Department of Physics, University of Windsor, ON, Canada
- Radiation Oncology, Windsor Regional Hospital, ON, Canada
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, ON, Canada
| | | | - Drew Marquardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, ON, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Windsor, ON, Canada
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5
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Comino-Garayoa R, Cortés-Bretón Brinkmann J, Peláez J, López-Suárez C, Martínez-González JM, Suárez MJ. Allergies to Titanium Dental Implants: What Do We Really Know about Them? A Scoping Review. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110404. [PMID: 33217944 PMCID: PMC7698636 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The scientific literature repeatedly insists on the success of titanium implants. Nevertheless, the so-called tribocorrosion process releases titanium ions into the surrounding tissues, which can trigger a cascade of reactions, localized or at a distance, or even systemic reactions. Consequently, guidelines should be drawn up before starting treatment; when a hypersensitivity reaction following titanium dental implant placement occurs, a range of treatment alternatives should be clearly established and made available. Abstract The purpose of this scoping review was to describe the current state of knowledge and understanding of allergies to titanium dental implants. A scoping review was conducted following the Prisma Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. An electronic search was performed in five databases complemented by manual and grey literature searches. Fifty-two relevant papers were included for final review. Titanium particles can be released from the surfaces of dental implants in a process called tribocorrosion, which may contribute to bone loss due to inflammatory reaction. Diverse mechanisms have been described that may trigger allergy to titanium, as well as the clinical signs that manifest as the allergy develops. Allergies to titanium are uncommon but represent a real possibility that should not be overlooked in patients requiring prosthodontic rehabilitation with dental implants. Allergy can trigger a range of symptoms. Patients who have already been diagnosed with allergies to other metals will be more predisposed to suffering an allergy to titanium. Further investigation is needed in order to measure the true scope of these allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Comino-Garayoa
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28001 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-G.); (J.P.); (C.L.-S.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Jorge Cortés-Bretón Brinkmann
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28001 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jesús Peláez
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28001 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-G.); (J.P.); (C.L.-S.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Carlos López-Suárez
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28001 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-G.); (J.P.); (C.L.-S.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Jose María Martínez-González
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28001 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Jesús Suárez
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28001 Madrid, Spain; (R.C.-G.); (J.P.); (C.L.-S.); (M.J.S.)
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Abstract
Metal exposure is pervasive and not limited to sporadic poisoning events or toxic waste sites. Hundreds of millions of people around the globe are affected by chronic metal exposure, which is associated with serious health concerns, including cancer, as demonstrated in a variety of studies at the molecular, systemic, and epidemiologic levels. Metal-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity are sophisticated and complex in nature. This review provides a broad context and holistic view of currently available studies on the mechanisms of metal-induced carcinogenesis. Specifically, we focus on the five most prevalent carcinogenic metals, arsenic, nickel, cadmium, chromium, and beryllium, and their potential to drive carcinogenesis in humans. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms behind the development of metal-induced cancer can provide valuable insights for therapeutic intervention involving molecular targets in metal-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yi Chen
- Departments of Environmental Medicine, and Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA;
| | - Thomas DesMarais
- Departments of Environmental Medicine, and Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA;
| | - Max Costa
- Departments of Environmental Medicine, and Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA;
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7
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Raymond O, Henderson W, Brothers PJ, Plieger PG. Electrospray-Ionisation Mass-Spectrometric (ESI-MS) Investigation of Beryllium Hydrolysis in Acidic Solutions of Beryllium Sulfate. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Onyekachi Raymond
- Chemistry, School of Science; University of Waikato; Private Bag 3105 Hamilton New Zealand
| | - William Henderson
- Chemistry, School of Science; University of Waikato; Private Bag 3105 Hamilton New Zealand
| | | | - Paul G. Plieger
- Chemistry, Institute of Fundamental Science; Massey University; Turitea Campus Palmerston North New Zealand
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8
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Bayram M, Naglav D, Wölper C, Schulz S. Syntheses and Structures of Homo- and Heteroleptic Beryllium Complexes Containing N,N′-Chelating Ligands. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melike Bayram
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Dominik Naglav
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
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9
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Boffetta P, Fordyce TA, Mandel JS. A mortality study of beryllium workers. Cancer Med 2016; 5:3596-3605. [PMID: 27766788 PMCID: PMC5224864 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed at investigating mortality among beryllium‐exposed workers, according to solubility of beryllium and beryllium compounds. We conducted an historical cohort study of 16,115 workers employed during 1925–2008 in 15 facilities, including eight entailing exposure to insoluble beryllium and seven entailing exposure to soluble/mixed beryllium compounds, who were followed up for mortality until 2011. Data were analyzed using indirect standardization and Cox regression modeling. Lung cancer standardized mortality ratio (SMR, national reference rates) was 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94–1.10) in the whole cohort, 0.88 (95% CI: 0.75–1.03) in the insoluble beryllium subcohort, and 1.09 (95% CI: 0.99–1.09) in the soluble/mixed beryllium subcohort. For lung cancer, there was an association with period of hire in soluble/mixed beryllium plants but not in insoluble plants, and, conversely, employment in soluble/mixed plants was associated with increased mortality only among workers hired before 1955. There was no trend with duration of employment. Mortality from chronic beryllium disease increased, in particular, among workers hired before 1955 in soluble/mixed beryllium facilities. There was no increase in lung cancer mortality in the entire cohort and lung cancer mortality was not increased among beryllium workers hired in 1955 or later in soluble/mixed beryllium facilities, or at any time among those employed in insoluble beryllium facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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10
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Bayram M, Naglav D, Wölper C, Schulz S. Synthesis and Structure of Bis(diphenylphosphinimino)methanide and Bis(diphenylphosphinimino)methanediide Beryllium Complexes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melike Bayram
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Dominik Naglav
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
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11
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Naglav D, Tobey B, Wölper C, Bläser D, Jansen G, Schulz S. On the Stability of Trimeric Beryllium Hydroxide Scorpionate Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Naglav
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen (Campus Essen); Universitätsstraße 7 45141 Essen
| | - Briac Tobey
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen (Campus Essen); Universitätsstraße 7 45141 Essen
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen (Campus Essen); Universitätsstraße 7 45141 Essen
| | - Dieter Bläser
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen (Campus Essen); Universitätsstraße 7 45141 Essen
| | - Georg Jansen
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen (Campus Essen); Universitätsstraße 7 45141 Essen
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen (Campus Essen); Universitätsstraße 7 45141 Essen
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12
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Otter RR, McKinney D, Brown B, Lainer S, Monroe W, Hubbs D, Read B. Bioaccumulation of metals in three freshwater mussel species exposed in situ during and after dredging at a coal ash spill site (Tennessee Valley Authority Kingston Fossil Plant). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:334. [PMID: 25957195 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4578-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
On December 22, 2008, a dike containing coal fly ash at the Tennessee Valley Authority Kingston Fossil Plant (TN, USA) failed, and within months, dredging operations began to remove ash-contaminated sediments. The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the bioaccumulation of metals in three mussel species during and after dredging operations. Mussels were caged for approximately 1 year during dredging and after, and then mussel condition index values and As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Se, Hg, U, Fe, Mg, Al, Sb, Ba, Be, Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ag, Sr, Tl, V, and Zn concentrations in soft tissue were determined via inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometery. Overall, the differences observed in metal bioaccumulation and mussel health suggest that mussels in the immediate downstream area of the dredging site may have been impacted, as evidenced by a significant decrease in mussel condition index values, but that this impact did not result in increased tissue concentrations of metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R Otter
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Box 60, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA,
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13
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Li J, Ma F, Wei X, Fu C, Pan H. A highly selective molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor for ultra-trace beryllium detection. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 871:51-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Fioressi SE, Binning R, Bacelo DE. Structures and energetics of BenCn (n=1–5) and Be2nCn (n=1–4) clusters. Chem Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Abstract
This study investigated lung cancer and other diseases related to insoluble beryllium compounds. A cohort of 4950 workers from four US insoluble beryllium manufacturing facilities were followed through 2009. Expected deaths were calculated using local and national rates. On the basis of local rates, all-cause mortality was significantly reduced. Mortality from lung cancer (standardized mortality ratio 96.0; 95% confidence interval 80.0, 114.3) and from nonmalignant respiratory diseases was also reduced. There were no significant trends for either cause of death according to duration of employment or time since first employment. Uterine cancer among women was the only cause of death with a significantly increased standardized mortality ratio. Five of the seven women worked in office jobs. This study confirmed the lack of an increase in mortality from lung cancer and nonmalignant respiratory diseases related to insoluble beryllium compounds.
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16
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Kum KY, Kim EC, Yoo YJ, Zhu Q, Safavi K, Bae KS, Chang SW. Trace metal contents of three tricalcium silicate materials: MTA Angelus, Micro Mega MTA and Bioaggregate. Int Endod J 2013; 47:704-10. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Y. Kum
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Dental Research Institute; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University Dental Hospital; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - E.-C. Kim
- Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration; School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Biology; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - Y.-J. Yoo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Dental Research Institute; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University Dental Hospital; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Q. Zhu
- Department of Endodontology; School of Dental Medicine; University of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington CT USA
| | - K. Safavi
- Department of Endodontology; School of Dental Medicine; University of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington CT USA
| | - K. S. Bae
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Dental Research Institute; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University Dental Hospital; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - S. W. Chang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
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17
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Mescher AL, Neff AW, King MW. Changes in the inflammatory response to injury and its resolution during the loss of regenerative capacity in developing Xenopus limbs. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80477. [PMID: 24278286 PMCID: PMC3835323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue and organ regeneration, unlike development, involves an injury that in postembryonic animals triggers inflammation followed by resolution. How inflammation affects epimorphic regeneration is largely uninvestigated. Here we examine inflammation and its resolution in Xenopus laevis hindlimb regeneration, which declines during larval development. During the first 5 days postamputation, both regeneration-competent stage 53 and regeneration-deficient stage 57 hindlimbs showed very rapid accumulation of leukocytes and cells expressing interleukin-1β and matrix metalloproteinase 9. Expression of genes for factors mediating inflammatory resolution appeared more persistent at stages 55 and 57 than at stage 53, suggesting changes in this process during development. FoxP3, a marker for regulatory T cells, was upregulated by amputation in limbs at all three stages but only persisted at stage 57, when it was also detected before amputation. Expression of genes for cellular reprogramming, such as SALL4, was upregulated in limbs at all 3 stages, but markers of limb patterning, such as Shh, were expressed later and less actively after amputation in regeneration-deficient limbs. Topical application of specific proinflammatory agents to freshly amputated limbs increased interleukin-1β expression locally. With aqueous solutions of the proinflammatory metal beryllium sulfate, this effect persisted through 7 days postamputation and was accompanied by inhibition of regeneration. In BeSO4-treated limbs expression of markers for both inflammation and resolution, including FoxP3, was prolonged, while genes for cellular reprogramming were relatively unaffected and those for limb patterning failed to be expressed normally. These data imply that in Xenopus hindlimbs postamputation inflammation and its resolution change during development, with little effect on cellular dedifferentiation or reprogramming, but potentially interfering with the expression of genes required for blastema patterning. The results suggest that developmental changes in the larval anuran immune system may be involved in the ontogenetic loss of epimorphic regeneration in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L. Mescher
- Indiana University Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Anton W. Neff
- Indiana University Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Michael W. King
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Terre Haute, Indiana, United States of America
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Attia SM, Harisa GI, Hassan MH, Bakheet SA. Beryllium chloride-induced oxidative DNA damage and alteration in the expression patterns of DNA repair-related genes. Mutagenesis 2013; 28:555-9. [PMID: 23793613 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/get032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Beryllium metal has physical properties that make its use essential for very specific applications, such as medical diagnostics, nuclear/fusion reactors and aerospace applications. Because of the widespread human exposure to beryllium metals and the discrepancy of the genotoxic results in the reported literature, detail assessments of the genetic damage of beryllium are warranted. Mice exposed to beryllium chloride at an oral dose of 23mg/kg for seven consecutive days exhibited a significant increase in the level of DNA-strand breaking and micronuclei formation as detected by a bone marrow standard comet assay and micronucleus test. Whereas slight beryllium chloride-induced oxidative DNA damage was detected following formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase digestion, digestion with endonuclease III resulted in considerable increases in oxidative DNA damage after the 11.5 and 23mg/kg/day treatment as detected by enzyme-modified comet assays. Increased 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was also directly correlated with increased bone marrow micronuclei formation and DNA strand breaks, which further confirm the involvement of oxidative stress in the induction of bone marrow genetic damage after exposure to beryllium chloride. Gene expression analysis on the bone marrow cells from beryllium chloride-exposed mice showed significant alterations in genes associated with DNA damage repair. Therefore, beryllium chloride may cause genetic damage to bone marrow cells due to the oxidative stress and the induced unrepaired DNA damage is probably due to the down-regulation in the expression of DNA repair genes, which may lead to genotoxicity and eventually cause carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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19
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Shay E, De Gandiaga E, Madl AK. Considerations for the development of health-based surface dust cleanup criteria for beryllium. Crit Rev Toxicol 2013; 43:220-43. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2013.767308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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20
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Kraus F, Baer SA, Buchner MR, Karttunen AJ. Reactions of Beryllium Halides in Liquid Ammonia: The Tetraammineberyllium Cation [Be(NH3)4]2+, its Hydrolysis Products, and the Action of Be2+ as a Fluoride-Ion Acceptor. Chemistry 2012; 18:2131-42. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Walther M, Puchta R. Ligand exchange processes on solvated beryllium cations VII – water exchange on cationic [Be(H2O)3(Ln)]2+n (Ln: 4-O-Py−, Py, 4-(Py)-Py+, 3,5-(Py)2-Py2+, 3,4,5-(Py)3-Py3+). RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20665j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Petz W, Dehnicke K, Holzmann N, Frenking G, Neumüller B. The Reaction of BeCl2 with Carbodiphosphorane C(PPh3)2; Experimental and Theoretical Studies. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201100328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Stefaniak AB. Comment on Strupp papers on beryllium metal toxicity. ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE 2011; 55:556-7; author reply 558-9. [PMID: 21669908 DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mer030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Strupp C. Beryllium metal I. experimental results on acute oral toxicity, local skin and eye effects, and genotoxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 55:30-42. [PMID: 21196457 PMCID: PMC3020675 DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/meq071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of soluble metal compounds is often different from that of the parent metal. Since no reliable data on acute toxicity, local effects, and mutagenicity of beryllium metal have ever been generated, beryllium metal powder was tested according to the respective Organisation for Economical Co-Operation and Development (OECD) guidelines. Acute oral toxicity of beryllium metal was investigated in rats and local effects on skin and eye in rabbits. Skin-sensitizing properties were investigated in guinea pigs (maximization method). Basic knowledge about systemic bioavailability is important for the design of genotoxicity tests on poorly soluble substances. Therefore, it was necessary to experimentally compare the capacities of beryllium chloride and beryllium metal to form ions under simulated human lung conditions. Solubility of beryllium metal in artificial lung fluid was low, while solubility in artificial lysosomal fluid was moderate. Beryllium chloride dissolution kinetics were largely different, and thus, metal extracts were used in the in vitro genotoxicity tests. Genotoxicity was investigated in vitro in a bacterial reverse mutagenicity assay, a mammalian cell gene mutation assay, a mammalian cell chromosome aberration assay, and an unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) assay. In addition, cell transformation was tested in a Syrian hamster embryo cell assay, and potential inhibition of DNA repair was tested by modification of the UDS assay. Beryllium metal was found not to be mutagenic or clastogenic based on the experimental in vitro results. Furthermore, treatment with beryllium metal extracts did not induce DNA repair synthesis, indicative of no DNA-damaging potential of beryllium metal. A cell-transforming potential and a tendency to inhibit DNA repair when the cell is severely damaged by an external stimulus were observed. Beryllium metal was also found not to be a skin or eye irritant, not to be a skin sensitizer, and not to have relevant acute oral toxic properties.
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