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Cardenas KCA, Enos CW, Spear MR, Austin DE, Almofeez R, Kortchak S, Pincus L, Guo HB, Dolezal S, Pierce JM, Furth E, Gineste C, Kwon Y, Gelber C. CT109-SN-38, a Novel Antibody-drug Conjugate with Dual Specificity for CEACAM5 and 6, Elicits Potent Killing of Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:720-732. [PMID: 38178674 DOI: 10.2174/0115680096260614231115192343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CEACAM5 and CEACAM6 are glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)- linked members of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) family, which are frequently upregulated in epithelial cancers where they contribute to invasion, metastasis, immune evasion, and resistance to anoikis. CT109 is a novel antibody with dual specificity to both CEACAM5 and 6. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to perform the preclinical characterization of CT109 and antibody- drug conjugate (ADCs) derivatives of CT109, focusing on CT109-SN-38. METHODS CT109's cognate epitope was characterized by scanning mutagenesis. CT109 specificity and internalization kinetics were assessed by immunoblot and flow cytometry, respectively. Cognate antigen expression prevalence in colorectal cancer and normal tissue arrays was determined by immunohistochemistry. CT109 conjugations were generated by the reaction of reduced CT109 cysteines with maleimide-functionalized payload linkers. In vitro cytotoxic activity of CT109 ADCs was characterized on antigen-positive and negative pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell (PDAC) lines using a luminometric viability assay. In vivo efficacy of CT109-SN-38 was assessed on a PDAC tumor xenograft model at 10 and 25 mg/kg concentrations. RESULTS CT109 was shown to bind a glycoepitope centered on N309. CT109 is internalized in the CEACAM5+/CEACAM6+ double-positive PDAC line, BxPC-3, with a t1/2 of 2.3 hours. CT109 ADCs elicit a dose and antigen-dependent cytotoxic effect, with CT109-SN-38 exhibiting an IC50 value of 21 nM in BxPC-3 cells. In a BxPC-3 tumor xenograft model, CT109-SN-38 reduced tumor growth and induced regression in 3/10 mice at a concentration 25 mg/kg. CONCLUSION These data suggest that further preclinical and clinical development of CT109-SN-38 is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark R Spear
- Stromatis Pharma, 9501 Discovery Blvd Manassas, VA 20109, USA
| | - Dana E Austin
- Stromatis Pharma, 9501 Discovery Blvd Manassas, VA 20109, USA
| | - Raghad Almofeez
- Stromatis Pharma, 9501 Discovery Blvd Manassas, VA 20109, USA
| | | | - Lauren Pincus
- Stromatis Pharma, 9501 Discovery Blvd Manassas, VA 20109, USA
| | - Hua-Bei Guo
- University of Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), USA
| | - Samuel Dolezal
- University of Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), USA
| | - J Michael Pierce
- University of Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center (CCRC), USA
| | - Emma Furth
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Yongjun Kwon
- Institute: Food and Drug Administration, CDER, MD, USA
| | - Cohava Gelber
- Stromatis Pharma, 9501 Discovery Blvd Manassas, VA 20109, USA
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2
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Süer H, Erus S, Cesur EE, Yavuz Ö, Ağcaoğlu O, Bulutay P, Önder TT, Tanju S, Dilege Ş. Combination of CEACAM5, EpCAM and CK19 gene expressions in mediastinal lymph node micrometastasis is a prognostic factor for non-small cell lung cancer. J Cardiothorac Surg 2023; 18:189. [PMID: 37312199 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-023-02297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is known as the most common and highly metastatic form of cancer worldwide. Tumour node metastasis (TNM) staging is the gold standard classification system for the decision-making process for appropriate treatment. Particularly N status has the most important prognostic value in the absence of distant metastasis. Traditional diagnostic methods are capable of detecting metastasis; however, they may fail to detect micrometastasis, which plays a role in disease recurrence and patients' long-term survival. Occult micrometastasis can change the tumour's TNM staging and, consequently, the patient's treatment regimen. METHODS The median number of three lymph node tissues were collected from 30 patients who underwent surgery for non-small cell lung cancer. Lymph node tissues were collected from different lymph node stations according to the location of the patient's tumour. CK19, EpCAM and CEACAM5 gene expressions were analysed in tissues using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect micrometastasis in distant lymph nodes. RESULTS Triple positivity was seen in 26 out of 30 patients which 19 patients were upstaged from N0 to N2. While survival was not significantly affected between upstaged and non-upstaged patients, patients upstaged with multiple-station N2 had a significantly higher recurrence and lower survival compared to single-station N2. CONCLUSION A combination of CK19, EpCAM and CEACAM5 gene expressions in lymph nodes can be used to identify micrometastasis which postoperatively may be used as a tool to predict patients' recurrence and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Süer
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Suat Erus
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ekin E Cesur
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Vehbi Koç Foundation American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömer Yavuz
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Orhan Ağcaoğlu
- General Surgery Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Bulutay
- Pathology Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Serhan Tanju
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Dilege
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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3
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Hüyük M, Fiocco M, Postmus PE, Cohen D, von der Thüsen JH. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prognostic impact of lymph node micrometastasis and isolated tumour cells in patients with stage I-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer. Histopathology 2023; 82:650-663. [PMID: 36282087 DOI: 10.1111/his.14831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lymph node micrometastases could be one of the reasons for the high recurrence rate after complete surgical resection in stage I-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The standard evaluation of a single haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slide of a paraffin-embedded section of a lymph node is insufficient for the detection of micrometastases, and there is a need for additional histopathological evaluation. The association of lymph node micrometastases with survival remains as yet unresolved. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate if lymph node micrometastases and isolated tumour cells in patients with stage I-IIIA NSCLC, detected with multiple sectioning and/or immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), are associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) after surgical resection. We performed a meta-analysis of time-to-event outcomes based on 15 articles using ancillary techniques to detect micrometastases. We extracted the OS and DFS every 3-6 months after surgery, for patients with and without occult lymph node micrometastasis, from the survival curves published in each article. These data were used to reconstruct OS and DFS for 'micrometastasis' and 'no micrometastasis' groups. Based on all included studies that used IHC, serial sectioning, or RT-PCR, we found a 5-year OS of 55% (micrometastasis) vs. 75% (no micrometastasis), and a 5-year DFS of 53% (micrometastasis) vs. 75% (no micrometastasis). Patients with stage I-IIIA NSCLC with lymph node micrometastases detected by ancillary histopathological and molecular techniques have a significantly poorer OS and DFS compared to patients without lymph node micrometastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Hüyük
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, section Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter E Postmus
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H von der Thüsen
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Oncogenic Alterations in Histologically Negative Lymph Nodes Are Associated with Prognosis of Patients with Stage I Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030824. [PMID: 35159091 PMCID: PMC8834139 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lymph nodes (LNs) metastasis is one of the most important factors affecting the outcome of non-small cell lung. The aim of this study is to explore whether presence of oncogenic alterations in histologically-negative lymph nodes (LNs) can be of prognostic significance in stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We confirmed that presence of oncogenic alterations in regional LN may be associated with higher risks of postsurgical recurrence of Stage I LUAD, particularly for certain molecular subgroups. These results warranted future studies on larger cohort of NSCLC patients using more comprehensive cancer gene panels to establish the clinical impact of molecular LN occult metastasis for localized NSCLC and identify Stage I patients at high risks for recurrence for appropriate adjuvant therapy. Abstract Background: Survival of patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) varies greatly. We sought to explore whether presence of oncogenic alterations in histologically-negative lymph nodes (LNs) can be of prognostic significance in stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods: Genomic analysis of oncogenic alterations was applied to 123 stage I LUAD tumors. The same genomic variants identified in primary tumors were examined in corresponding histologically-negative LNs. Results: A total of 102 (82.9%) patients had at least one canonical oncogenic alteration detected in primary tumors, and 57 LNs from 12 patients (11.8%) were found to carry the identical oncogenic alterations detected in the corresponding primary tumor tissues, including EGFR mutations (six cases), KRAS mutations (three cases), ALK fusion (one case), BRAF mutation (one case) and HER2 & NRAS co-mutations (one case). None of these LNs was found to have occult tumor cells by routine pathological assessment or immunohistochemistry staining using antibodies against pan-cytokeratins (AE1/AE3) and the epithelial marker Ber-EP4. The detection rate of oncogenenic alterations in LN was significantly higher in RAS-mutant tumors than EGFR mutant tumors (36.36% verse 7.41%, p = 0.017). Patients with oncogenic alterations in LN showed inferior disease-free survival (DFS, p = 0.025) and overall survival (OS, p = 0.027). Furthermore, patients with RAS-mutations detected in LN had the worst DFS and OS (p = 0.001). Among the 11 patients with RAS mutation in primary tumors, DFS and OS in the four patients with mutations detected in LN were significantly shorter than the remaining seven patients without mutations LN (DFS, p = 0.001, OS, p = 0.002). Conclusions: Genomic analysis has the potential to detect oncogenic alterations in regional LNs for localized LUAD and presence of oncogenic alterations in regional LN may be associated with inferior clinical outcome of stage I LUAD, particularly for certain molecular subgroups. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04266691
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Miao TW, Du LY, Xiao W, Mao B, Wang Y, Fu JJ. Identification of Survival-Associated Gene Signature in Lung Cancer Coexisting With COPD. Front Oncol 2021; 11:600243. [PMID: 33791201 PMCID: PMC8006292 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.600243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer often coexist, which is associated with a worse prognosis. Thousands of biomarkers related to the survival of lung cancer have been investigated. However, those which can predict the survival of lung cancer coexisting with COPD are currently lacking. The present study aimed to identify novel gene signatures to predict the survival of patients with lung cancer coexisting COPD. Method: RNA-sequence data of lung cancer and control accompanying with matched clinical information were retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Differently expressed genes (DEGs) associated with lung cancer coexisting COPD were screened. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were performed. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to identify survival-associated DEGs and to construct survival-associated gene signature. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and calibration plots of the nomogram were performed to test the predictive accuracy of the gene signature. qPCR was performed to validate the genes in the prognostic signature. Results: Sequence data from 70 patients with lung cancer coexisting COPD, 127 with lung cancer alone and 108 control tissues were included for analysis. A total of 2424 DEGs were identified when comparing lung cancer coexisting COPD with controls. The biological process was primarily associated with DNA-binding transcription activator activity, peptidase inhibitor activity, endopeptidase inhibitor activity, et al. KEGG pathways were mainly enriched in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cell cycle, and Staphylococcus aureus infection. A survival-associated gene signature consisting of CEACAM5, RASAL1, CSTL1, CNGB1, and SLC4A3 was identified and represented as risk score. The high-risk score group had significantly worse survival than the low-risk score group (P < 0.001). Areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.943, 0.773, 0.888 for predicting overall survival at 1-, 3-, and 5-year, respectively. The risk score was an independent predictor of survival, independent of clinical factors. High conformity of the actual survival and the nomogram–predicted probability of survival by applying the risk score. Upregulation of the five genes in patients with lung cancer coexisting COPD were confirmed by qPCR in an independent cohort. Conclusion: Our study constructed and validated a novel prognostic gene signature for predicting survival of patient with lung cancer coexisting COPD, which may contribute to the clinical treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti-Wei Miao
- Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Long-Yi Du
- Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Mao
- Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Research Core Facility, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan-Juan Fu
- Respiratory Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Macia I, Aiza G, Ramos R, Escobar I, Rivas F, Ureña A, Aso S, Rosado G, Rodriguez-Taboada P, Deniz C, Nadal E, Capella G. Molecular Nodal Restaging Based on CEACAM5, FGFR2b and PTPN11 Expression Adds No Relevant Clinical Information in Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J INVEST SURG 2020; 35:315-324. [PMID: 33342327 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2020.1857479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relapse rate in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is high, even in localized disease, suggesting that the current approach to pathological staging is insufficiently sensitive to detect occult micrometastases present in resected lymph nodes. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prognostic value of the expression of embryonic molecular markers in histologically-negative lymph nodes of completely-resected NSCLC. METHODS 76 completely-resected NSCLC patients were included: 60 pN0 and 16 pN1. Primary tumors and 347 lymph node were studied. CEACAM5, FGFR2b, and PTPN11 expression levels were evaluated through mRNA analysis using real-time RT-qPCR assay. Statistical analyses included the Kruskal-Wallis test, Kaplan Meier curves, and log-rank tests. RESULTS CEACAM5 expression levels were scored as high in of 90 lymph nodes (26%). The molecular-positive lymph nodes lead to the restaging of 37 (62%) pN0 patients as molecular N1 or N2 and 5 (31%) pN1 cases were reclassified as molecular-positive N2. Surprisingly, molecular-positive patients associated with a better OS (overall survival, p = 0,04). FGFR2b overexpression was observed in 41 (12%) lymph nodes leading to the restaging of 17 patients (22%). Again a trend was observed toward a better DFS (disease-free survival) in the restaged patients (p = 0,09). Accordingly, high expression levels of CEACAM5 or FGFR2b in the primary were related to better DFS (p = 0,06; p < 0,02, respectively). CONCLUSION Molecular nodal restaging based on expression levels of CEACAM5 and/or FGFR2b, does not add relevant clinical information to pathological staging of NSCLC likely related to the better prognosis of their overexpression in primary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Macia
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) and Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Aiza
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology and IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Ramos
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) and Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Escobar
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Rivas
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Ureña
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Samantha Aso
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge and IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriela Rosado
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Rodriguez-Taboada
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Deniz
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernest Nadal
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Catalan Institute of Oncology and IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Capella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL. Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Imai K, Nanjo H, Takashima S, Hiroshima Y, Atari M, Matsuo T, Kuriyama S, Ishii Y, Wakamatsu Y, Sato Y, Motoyama S, Saito H, Nomura K, Minamiya Y. Intraoperative diagnosis of lymph node metastasis during segmentectomy for non-small cell lung cancer by rapid immunohistochemistry using noncontact alternating current electric field mixing. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:3547-3554. [PMID: 33075198 PMCID: PMC7705915 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although lobectomy is considered the standard surgery for any non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), recent evidence indicates that for early NSCLCs segmentectomy may be equally effective. For segmentectomy to be oncologically safe, however, adequate intraoperative lymph node staging is essential. The aim of this study was to compare the results of a new rapid‐IHC system to the HE analysis for intraoperative nodal diagnosis in lung cancer patients considered for segmentectomy. Methods This retrospective study analyzed the pathological reports from NSCLC resections over a six‐year period between 2014 and 2020. Using a new device for rapid‐IHC, we applied a high‐voltage, low‐frequency alternating current (AC) field, which mixes the antipancytokeratin antibody as the voltage is switched on/off. Rapid‐IHC can provide a nodal diagnosis within 20 minutes. Results Frozen sections from 106 resected lymph nodes from 70 patients were intraoperatively evaluated for metastasis. Of those, five nodes were deemed positive based on both HE staining and rapid‐IHC. In addition, rapid‐IHC alone detected isolated tumor cells in one hilar lymph node. Three cStage IA patients with nodal metastasis detected with HE staining and rapid‐IHC received complete lobectomies. Five‐year relapse‐free survival and overall survival among patients receiving segmentectomy with rapid‐IHC were 88.77% and 88.79%, respectively. Conclusions Rapid‐IHC driven by AC mixing is simple, highly accurate, and preserves nodal tissue for subsequent tests. This system can be used effectively for intraoperative nodal diagnosis. Rapid immunohistochemistry based on alternating‐current field mixing (completed within 20 minutes) is simple and highly accurate. This system will assist clinicians when making intraoperative diagnoses of lymph node metastasis and deciding upon the appropriate surgical procedure in segmentectomy for lung cancer. Key points Significant findings of the study Rapid immunohistochemistry driven by alternating‐current field mixing (completed within 20 minutes intraoperatively) is simple, highly accurate, and preserves lymph node tissue for subsequent pathological examination, including molecular assessments. What this study adds Segmentectomy for lung cancer is oncologically safe, but only when there is adequate intraoperative node staging. Rapid immunohistochemistry will assist clinicians when making intraoperative nodal diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Imai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nanjo
- Department of Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Shinogu Takashima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuko Hiroshima
- Department of Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Maiko Atari
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Matsuo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Shoji Kuriyama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ishii
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yuki Wakamatsu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Satoru Motoyama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hajime Saito
- Department of Chest Surgery, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nomura
- Department of Health Environmental Science and Public Health, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Minamiya
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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8
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Clinical significance of epithelial–mesenchymal transition-related markers expression in the micrometastatic sentinel lymph node of NSCLC. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:381-391. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Clinical Significance of Molecular Micrometastasis in the Sentinel Lymph Node of Early-stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Am J Clin Oncol 2018; 41:1106-1112. [PMID: 29509594 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metastatic affectation of lymph node is the main prognostic factor in localized lung cancer. A pathologic study of the obtained samples, even after adequate lymphadenectomy, showed tumor relapses for 20% of stage I patients after oncological curative surgery. We evaluated the prognostic value of molecular micrometastasis in the sentinel lymph node of patients with early-stage lung cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The sentinel node was marked immediately after performing thoracotomy by peritumorally injecting 0.25 mCi of nanocoloid of albumin (Nanocol1) labeled with Tc-99m in 0.3 mL. Guided by a Navigator1 gammagraphic sensor, we proceeded to its resection. The RNA of the tissue was extracted, and the presence of genes CEACAM5, BPIFA1, and CK7 in mRNA was studied. The significant association between the presence of micrometastasis, clinicopathologic characteristics, and patients' outcome was assessed. RESULTS Eighty-nine stage I-II non-small cell lung cancer patients were included in the study. Of the 89 analyzed sentinel lymph nodes, 44 (49.4%) were positive for CK7, 24 (26.9%) for CEACAM5, and 17 (19.1%) for BPIFA1, whereas 10 (11.2%) were positive for the 3 analyzed genes. A survival analysis showed no significant relation between the presence of molecular micrometastasis in the sentinel node and patients' progression. CONCLUSIONS The molecular analysis of the sentinel node in patients with early-stage lung cancer shows node affectation in cases staged as stage I/II by hematoxylin-eosin or an immunohistochemical analysis. However, this nodal affectation was not apparently related to patients' outcome.
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Masago K, Fujita S, Yatabe Y. Not like breast cancer, but like breast cancer: micrometastasis and micropapillary structure in lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:4171-4173. [PMID: 29268462 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.09.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Masago
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shiro Fujita
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center, Aichi, Japan
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11
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Gamerith G, Rainer J, Huber JM, Hackl H, Trajanoski Z, Koeck S, Lorenz E, Kern J, Kofler R, Kelm JM, Zwierzina H, Amann A. 3D-cultivation of NSCLC cell lines induce gene expression alterations of key cancer-associated pathways and mimic in-vivo conditions. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112647-112661. [PMID: 29348853 PMCID: PMC5762538 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This work evaluated gene expression differences between a hanging-drop 3D NSCLC model and 2D cell cultures and their in-vivo relevance by comparison to patient-derived data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Gene expression of 2D and 3D cultures for Colo699 and A549 were assessed using Affymetrix HuGene 1.0 ST gene chips. Biostatistical analyses tested for reproducibility, comparability and significant differences in gene expression profiles between cell lines, experiments and culture methods. The analyses revealed a high interassay correlation within specific culture systems proving a high validity. 979 genes were altered in A549 and 1106 in Colo699 cells due to 3D cultivation. The overlap of changed genes between the cell lines was small (149), but the involved pathways in the reactome and GO- analyses showed a high overlap with DNA methylation, cell cycle, SIRT1, PKN1 pathway, DNA repair and oxidative stress as well known cancer-associated representatives. Additional specific GSEA-analyses revealed changes in immunologic and endothelial cell proliferation pathways, whereas hypoxic, EMT and angiogenic pathways were downregulated. Gene enrichment analyses showed 3D-induced gene up-regulations in the cell lines 38 to be represented in in-vivo samples of NSCLC patients using data of The Cancer Genome Atlas. Thus, our 3D NSCLC model might provide a tool for early drug development and investigation of microenvironment-associated mechanisms. However, this work also highlights the need for further individualization and model adaption to address remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gamerith
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Rainer
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Division of Molecular Pathophysiology, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Center for Biomedicine, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Julia M Huber
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Oncotyrol, Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Division of Bioinformatics, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Division of Bioinformatics, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Koeck
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edith Lorenz
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johann Kern
- Oncotyrol, Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Reinhard Kofler
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Division of Molecular Pathophysiology, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Heinz Zwierzina
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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12
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Topography of the sentinel node according to the affected lobe in lung cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 19:858-864. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1615-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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He Z, Xia Y, Tang S, Chen Y, Chen L. Detection of occult tumor cells in regional lymph nodes is associated with poor survival in pN0 non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:375-85. [PMID: 27076932 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.02.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND patients of pN0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with occult tumor cells (OTCs) in regional lymph nodes (LNs) are reported to have controversial prognostic outcomes. METHOD We pooled pN0 NSCLC patients with OTCs in LNs and compared with those without OTCs. Patient characteristics, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS) and/or disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. HR greater than 1 conferred an increased hazard for patients with OTCs. RESULTS Eighteen articles were finally enrolled in the meta-analysis and 15 studies provided sufficient data for extracting HRs for OS, resulting to 5 articles available for DFS analysis. The combined HRs of OS was 2.22 (95% CI, 1.87 to 2.64) and 2.4 (95% CI, 1.71 to 3.36) for analysis of DFS. The similar trend was obtained in the subgroup analyses regarding detection methods and study type. Interestingly, even in the analysis of mean numbers of LNs dissection (MLND) intraoperatively, both subgroups (LNs/Pts. <12 and ≥12) illustrated significant HRs of OS (HR: 3.13, 95% CI, 2.17 to 4.52 in LNs/Pts. <12 subgroup and HR: 2.09, 95% CI, 1.63 to 2.68 in LNs/Pts. ≥12). The combined HR of OS in this section was 2.37 (95% CI, 1.63 to 2.68). No publication bias was detected in all the meta-analysis sections. The prognosis of patients with OTCs is inferior to those without OTCs in the terms of OS and DFS regardless of detection methods, study types and MLND. CONCLUSIONS The prognosis of patients with OTCs is inferior to those without OTCs in the terms of OS and DFS regardless of detection methods, study types and MLND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng He
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yang Xia
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Shaowen Tang
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yijiang Chen
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Liang Chen
- 1 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China ; 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Cheng QL, Li HL, Huang ZQ, Chen YJ, Liu TS. 2β, 3β, 23-trihydroxy-urs-12-ene-28-olic acid (TUA) isolated from Actinidia chinensis Radix inhibits NCI-H460 cell proliferation by decreasing NF-κB expression. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 240:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Britto CJ, Cohn L. Bactericidal/Permeability-increasing protein fold-containing family member A1 in airway host protection and respiratory disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:525-34. [PMID: 25265466 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0297rt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein fold-containing family member A1 (BPIFA1), formerly known as SPLUNC1, is one of the most abundant proteins in respiratory secretions and has been identified with increasing frequency in studies of pulmonary disease. Its expression is largely restricted to the respiratory tract, being highly concentrated in the upper airways and proximal trachea. BPIFA1 is highly responsive to airborne pathogens, allergens, and irritants. BPIFA1 actively participates in host protection through antimicrobial, surfactant, airway surface liquid regulation, and immunomodulatory properties. Its expression is modulated in multiple lung diseases, including cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory malignancies, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. However, the role of BPIFA1 in pulmonary pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. This review highlights the versatile properties of BPIFA1 in antimicrobial protection and its roles as a sensor of environmental exposure and regulator of immune cell function. A greater understanding of the contribution of BPIFA1 to disease pathogenesis and activity may clarify if BPIFA1 is a biomarker and potential drug target in pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemente J Britto
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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16
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Assessment of methylation status of locoregional lymph nodes in lung cancer using EBUS-NA. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 32:637-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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17
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Wang W, Mao F, Shen-Tu Y, Mei Y. [Research for mediastinal lymph node desection style of stage Ib upper lobe non-small cell lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2014; 16:584-90. [PMID: 24229624 PMCID: PMC6000618 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2013.11.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 淋巴转移是肺癌最主要的转移途径,也是影响肺癌患者预后的主要因素之一。现有的研究显示上叶肺癌较之中、下叶肺癌更易发生区域性纵隔淋巴结转移。本研究回顾分析Ib期上叶非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)纵隔淋巴结清扫方式的选择及影响预后的相关因素。 方法 147例行肺上叶完全性切除术的NSCLC患者,其中左肺上叶71例,右肺上叶76例。术后病理均为Ib期(T2aN0M0)。术中共清扫淋巴结925枚,其中纵隔淋巴结491枚(上纵隔组266枚,下纵隔组225枚)。采用Kaplan-Meier乘积法和Log-rank检验对患者进行单因素生存分析,采用Cox回归模型进行多因素生存分析。 结果 ① 单因素及多因素分析均显示:年龄、肿瘤直径及上纵隔淋巴结清扫站数是影响患者预后的重要因素;②对于Ib期右肺上叶NSCLC,#4组淋巴结与预后存在统计学意义(P=0.021),而对于Ib期左肺上叶NSCLC,#5组淋巴结与预后存在统计学意义(P=0.024)。 结论 对于Ib期上叶NSCLC而言,年龄、肿瘤直径及上纵隔淋巴结清扫站数是影响患者预后的重要因素;对于此类患者,采用肺叶特异性系统性淋巴结清扫或许是更为高效的手术方式。
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Affliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
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18
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A systematic analysis of predicted MiR-31-targets identifies a diagnostic and prognostic signature for lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2014; 68:419-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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19
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Irander K, Borres MP, Ghafouri B. The effects of physical exercise and smoking habits on the expression of SPLUNC1 in nasal lavage fluids from allergic rhinitis subjects. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 78:618-22. [PMID: 24512783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Palate lung nasal epithelial clone (PLUNC) is a family of proteins, which are proposed to participate in the innate immune defense against infections in the upper aero-digestive tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of SPLUNC1 in allergic rhinitis subjects with considerations taken to the mucosal function and smoking habits. METHODS The participants, recruited from a cohort followed from infancy, were re-examined at the age of 18 years regarding allergy development. Based on medical histories and skin prick tests the participants were classified into groups with persistent allergic rhinitis (n=18), intermittent allergic rhinitis (n = 8) and healthy controls (n = 13). Seven subjects (3, 2 and 2 in each group, respectively) reported smoking habits. The SPLUNC1 levels in nasal lavage fluids were analyzed by Western blot. Changes in the volume of the proper nasal cavity before and after physical exercise (Vol2(increase)) were analyzed by acoustic rhinometry. RESULTS Compared to the control group the SPLUNC1 level was significantly lower in the persistent allergy group (3.8 ± 3.4 OD vs. 1.3 ± 1.5 OD; p = 0.02), but not in the intermittent allergy group without current exposure to allergens (3.6 ± 4.7 OD). No differences were found in Vol2(increase) between any of the allergy groups and controls. In smokers Vol2(increase) was significantly reduced (p < 0.01) and the SPLUNC1 levels were lower compared to non-smokers. A significant correlation was found between SPLUNC1 and Vol2(increase) (p < 0.01; r = 0.53) in non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS Current allergen exposure has an impact on SPLUNC1 expression in nasal lavage fluid, why allergy ought to be considered in study populations where analyses of SPLUNC1 levels are included in the reports. The normal nasal decongestion after exercise was not affected by allergy in contrast to smoking habits. The correlation between SPLUNC1 levels and Vol2(increase) in non-smokers may indicate involvement of SPLUNC1in the regulation of the normal function of the nasal mucosa. Complementary studies are needed to confirm the smoke-related reduction of SPLUNC1 expression and to analyze the possible participation of SPLUNC1 in the nasal mucosa regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Irander
- Allergy Center, ENT Section, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - M P Borres
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Sweden; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - B Ghafouri
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Community Medicine Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, and Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden; Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, and Centre of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden.
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Galbis Caravajal JM, Cremades Mira A, Zuñiga Cabrera Á, Estors Guerrero M, Tembl Ferrairó A, Martinez Hernandez NJ, Gironés Sarrió R, Aparisi Aparisi F, Gaspar Martinez C. El ganglio centinela en el carcinoma pulmonar. Estudio molecular tras detección con radioisótopo. Cir Esp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2013.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Xu R, Guo LJ, Xin J, Li WM, Gao Y, Zheng YX, Guo YH, Lin YJ, Xie YH, Wu YQ, Xu RA. Luciferase Assay to Screen Tumour-specific Promoters in Lung Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:6557-62. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.11.6557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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22
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Yoon DH, Lim MH, Lee YR, Sung GH, Lee TH, Jeon BH, Cho JY, Song WO, Park H, Choi S, Kim TW. A novel synthetic analog of Militarin, MA-1 induces mitochondrial dependent apoptosis by ROS generation in human lung cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 273:659-71. [PMID: 24161344 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic Militarin analog-1[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-1,6-bis(4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy) hexane-2,3,4,5-tetraol] is a novel derivative of constituents from Cordyceps militaris, which has been used to treat a variety of chronic diseases including inflammation, diabetes, hyperglycemia and cancers. Here, we report for the first time the synthesis of Militarin analog-1 (MA-1) and the apoptotic mechanism of MA-1 against human lung cancer cell lines. Treatment with MA-1 significantly inhibited the viability of 3 human lung cancer cell lines. The inhibition of viability and growth in MA-1-treated A549 cells with an IC50 of 5μM were mediated through apoptosis induction, as demonstrated by an increase in DNA fragmentation, sub-G0/G1-DNA fraction, nuclear condensation, and phosphatidylserine exposure. The apoptotic cell death caused mitochondrial membrane permeabilization through regulation of expression of the Bcl-2 family proteins, leading to cytochrome c release in a time-dependent manner. Subsequently, the final stage of apoptosis, activation of caspase-9/-3 and cleavage of poly (ADP ribose) polymerase, was induced. Furthermore, A549 lung cancer cells were more responsive to MA-1 than a bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B), involving the rapid generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. The pharmacological inhibition of ROS generation and JNK/p38 MAPK exhibited attenuated DNA fragmentation in MA-1-induced apoptosis. Oral administration of MA-1 also retarded growth of A549 orthotopic xenografts. In conclusion, the present study indicates that the new synthetic derivative MA-1 triggers mitochondrial apoptosis through ROS generation and regulation of MAPKs and may be a potent therapeutic agent against human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok Hyo Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
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Clinical significance of survivin and VEGF mRNA detection in the cell fraction of the peripheral blood in non-small cell lung cancer patients before and after surgery. Lung Cancer 2013; 81:273-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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The role of SHP-1 promoter 2 hypermethylation detection of lymph node micrometastasis in resectable stage I non-small cell lung cancer as a prognostic marker of disease recurrence. Int J Clin Oncol 2013; 19:586-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s10147-013-0590-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Nwogu CE, Yendamuri S, Tan W, Kannisto E, Bogner P, Morrison C, Cheney R, Dexter E, Picone A, Hennon M, Hutson A, Reid M, Adjei A, Demmy TL. Lung cancer lymph node micrometastasis detection using real-time polymerase chain reaction: correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor expression. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013; 145:702-7; discussion 707-8. [PMID: 23414988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2012.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lymph node staging provides critical information in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lymphangiogenesis may be an important contributor to the pathophysiology of lymphatic metastases. We hypothesized that the presence of lymph node micrometastases positively correlates with vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) A, C, and D as well as VEGF-receptor-3 (lymphangiogenic factors) expression in lymph nodes. METHODS Forty patients with NSCLC underwent preoperative positron emission tomography-computed tomography and mediastinoscopy. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays for messenger RNA expression of epithelial markers (ie, cytokeratin 7; carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5; and palate, lung, and nasal epithelium carcinoma-associated protein) were performed in selected fluorodeoxyglucose-avid lymph nodes. VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and VEGF receptor-3 expression levels were measured in primary tumors and lymph nodes. Wilcoxon rank sum test was run for the association between the RT-PCR epithelial marker levels and VEGF expression levels in the lymph nodes. RESULTS RT-PCR for cytokeratin 7; carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5; or palate, lung, and nasal epithelium carcinoma-associated protein indicated lymph node micrometastatic disease in 19 of 35 patients (54%). There was a high correlation between detection of micrometastases and VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, or VEGF receptor-3 expression levels in lymph nodes. Median follow-up was 12.6 months. CONCLUSIONS RT-PCR analysis of fluorodeoxyglucose-avid lymph nodes results in up-staging a patient's cancer. Micrometastases correlate with the expression of VEGF in lymph nodes in patients with NSCLC. This may reflect the role of lymphangiogenesis in promoting metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwumere E Nwogu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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Novel molecular tumor cell markers in regional lymph nodes and blood samples from patients undergoing surgery for non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62153. [PMID: 23671585 PMCID: PMC3643953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent evidence suggests that microscopic lymph node metastases and circulating tumor cells may have clinical importance in lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to identify new molecular markers for tumor cells in regional lymph nodes (LNs) and peripheral blood (PB) from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Candidate markers were selected based on digital transcript profiling and previous literature. KRT19, CEACAM5, EPCAM, DSG3, SFTPA, SFTPC and SFTPB mRNA levels were initially validated by real-time reverse transcription PCR-based quantification in 16 NSCLC tumors and 22 LNs and 12 PB samples from individuals without known cancer. Five of the candidate markers were selected for secondary validation by quantification in parallel tumor biopsies, regional LNs and PB samples from 55 patients undergoing surgery for NSCLC. LN and PB marker status were compared to clinicopathological patient data. Results All selected markers except DSG3 were present at high levels in the primary tumors and at very low or non-detectable levels in normal LNs and PB in the first round of validation, indicating a potential for detecting tumor cells in NSCLC patients. The expression profiles of KRT19, CEACAM5, DSG3, SFTPA and SFTPC mRNA were confirmed in the larger group during the secondary validation. Using the highest normal LN level of each marker as threshold, 39 (71%) of the 55 patients had elevated levels of at least one marker in regional LNs. Similarly, 26 (47%) patients had elevated levels of at least one marker in PB. A significantly higher number of patients with adenocarcinomas had positive LN status for these markers, compared with other histological types (P = 0.004). Conclusions Several promising molecular tumor cell markers in regional LNs and PB were identified, including the new SFTPA and SFTPC mRNAs. Clinical follow-up in a larger cohort is needed to elucidate their prognostic value.
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Molecular diagnosis and prognostic significance of lymph node micrometastasis in patients with histologically node-negative non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:1245-53. [PMID: 23355336 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0667-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is a major prognostic factor in resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, 30-40 % rate of recurrence after performing complete resection in node-negative patients suggests that their nodal staging is suboptimal. We aimed to evaluate the molecular diagnosis and prognostic significance of lymph node micrometastasis in patients with node-negative NSCLC. Primary tumor samples from 62 patients with resected stage I-IIB NSCLC were screened for fragile histidine triad (FHIT) and CDKN2A mRNA deletion using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The molecular alternations were found in tumors of 49 patients. A total of 269 lymph nodes from these 49 NSCLC patients with FHIT or/and CDKN2A deletion tumors were examined. Fifteen positive-control nodes and ten negative-control nodes were also analyzed for FHIT and CDKN2A mRNA deletion. Thirty-nine (22 %) and 22 (18 %) lymph nodes from the 49 patients with FHIT and CDKN2A mRNA deletion in primary tumor had FHIT and CDKN2A mRNA deletion, respectively. The types of FHIT and CDKN2A mRNA deletion in lymph nodes were identical with those in their primary tumors. By combination of two markers, 16 patients (32.7 %) were found to have nodal micrometastasis. Survival analysis showed that patients with nodal micrometastasis had reduced disease-free survival (P = 0.001) and overall survival (P = 0.002) rates. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that nodal micrometastasis was an independent predictor for worse prognosis. Thus, the detection of lymph node micrometastasis by FHIT and CDKN2A mRNA deletion RT-PCR will be helpful to predict the recurrence and prognosis of patients with completely resected stage I-IIB NSCLC.
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GUO XF, CHEN P, LI XY, LI XL, LI GY. The Structure and Function of SPLUNC1:Novel Class of Innate Immune Protective Molecules*. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2011.00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Anami K, Yamashita SI, Yamamoto S, Chujo M, Tokuishi K, Moroga T, Mori H, Kawahara K. Contralateral mediastinal lymph node micrometastases assessed by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in stage I non-small cell left lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2012; 43:778-82. [PMID: 22822105 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Survival of patients with left-sided stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unsatisfactory, probably because of the high incidence of contralateral mediastinal node involvement. In this study, occult micrometastases to the right upper mediastinal nodes were retrospectively investigated in patients with left-sided stage I NSCLC. METHODS Nineteen patients with clinical stage I NSCLC underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy and bilateral mediastinal node dissection (BMD). Clinical data and survival of patients with BMD were compared with those of 25 left-unilateral mediastinal node dissection (UMD) patients. Occult micrometastases were detected using the cytokeratin 19 mRNA reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. RESULTS Pathological N2 disease was found in 1 patient, and 18 had pN0 disease. The operative time, blood loss, duration of chest tube drainage and duration of postoperative hospital stay were not different between BMD and UMD patients. Nodal micrometastases were detected in 11/19 (57.8%) patients. Skip micrometastases to the level N3 nodes without N1 and N2 node involvement were observed in 8/11 (72.7%) patients. Patients with BMD are all alive and have had no recurrence during the median follow-up period of 21.4 months. Overall 3-year survival and disease-free 3-year survival were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION In this preliminary study, occult micrometastases to the level N3 nodes occurred frequently in patients with left-sided clinical N0 stage I NSCLC. Postoperative survival of patients with occult micrometastases to the level N3 node does not appear to be poor. Further follow-up and work are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Anami
- Department of Surgery II, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu-shi, Oita, Japan
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Wang G, Wang Z, Li C, Wang P, Chai D, Cheng Z. [Relationship among the expression of lymphatic vessel density, microvessel density, carcinoembryonic antigenic mRNA, KAI1, and Kiss-1, and prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2012; 15:348-54. [PMID: 22681921 PMCID: PMC6000308 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2012.06.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 目前对非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者预后的研究很多,有些临床病理因素已被公认与预后有关,本研究旨在对淋巴管密度(lymphatic vessel density, LVD)、微血管密度(microvessel density, MVD)及癌胚抗原信使核糖核酸(carcinoembryonic antigen messenger ribonucleic acid, CEAmRNA)和肿瘤转移抑制基因KAI1、Kiss-1的表达与NSCLC患者预后的关系进行探讨。 方法 选取57例NSCLC患者,采用逆转录巢式聚合酶链反应(nested-RT-PCR)和微流控芯片(micro-fluid chip)技术对外周血CEAmRNA的表达进行检测;采用免疫组织化学技术对肺癌组织LVD、MVD和KAI1、Kiss-1的表达进行检测,并对所有患者进行随访分析。 结果 全组的5年生存率为18%,中位生存期为34个月;单因素分析显示TNM分期、淋巴结有无转移、CEAmRNA的阳性表达、MVD、LVD和Kiss-1的表达对生存有影响;多因素分析显示TNM分期、淋巴结有无转移和CEAmRNA的表达是影响预后的独立危险因素。 结论 在NSCLC患者中MVD、LVD和Kiss-1及CEAmRNA的表达可以在一定程度上反映患者的预后。
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
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González-Arriagada WA, Santos-Silva AR, Ito FA, Vargas PA, Speight PM, Bingle L, Lopes MA. Expression pattern of PLUNC proteins as an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary gland. J Oral Pathol Med 2012; 41:589-97. [PMID: 22487508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2012.01145.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucoepidermoid carcinomas are the most frequent malignant neoplasia of the salivary glands and are histologically classified as low, intermediate, and high grade. At present, histochemical stains such as periodic acid-Schiff or mucicarmine are useful tools in making a diagnosis. Recently, expression of the PLUNC proteins has been described in mucin-producing salivary gland tumors, with the suggestion that they could provide a powerful tool for the diagnosis of difficult cases. METHODS This study evaluates the expression of PLUNC proteins in 30 cases of salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinomas. Tumors were reviewed and classified according to histological grade. Periodic acid-Schiff, mucicarmine, and immunohistochemical staining for SPLUNC1, LPLUNC1, SPLUNC2, and LPLUNC2 were carried out. Immunostaining was classified as positive or negative. RESULTS The majority of the tumors (63%) were classified as low grade, 13% were intermediate grade, and 23% were high grade. SPLUNC1 (90%) and LPLUNC1 (93%) were positive in the majority of cases, mainly in mucous cells, mucin plugs, and intermediate cells. SPLUNC2 and LPLUNC2 did not present significative expression within the tumors; however, LPLUNC2 was found to stain positively in mast cells in 83% of the samples. CONCLUSIONS SPLUNC1 and LPLUNC1 showed a similar pattern of expression and could prove useful in the diagnosis of high-grade cases because of the differential staining in intermediate and epidermoid cells. The expression of LPLUNC2 in mast cells has not previously been reported, but further studies are necessary to validate this finding and to determine its significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo A González-Arriagada
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Semiology and Oral Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B Faries
- Department of Surgical Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
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[Molecular staging and prognosis in lung cancer]. Arch Bronconeumol 2011; 47:539-40. [PMID: 21831500 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2011.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sánchez de Cos J, Hernández JH, López MFJ, Sánchez SP, Gratacós AR, Porta RR. SEPAR guidelines for lung cancer staging. Arch Bronconeumol 2011; 47:454-65. [PMID: 21824707 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2011.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The latest tumour, lymph node and metastasis (TNM) classification by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), based on the analysis of patients from all over the world, has incorporated changes in the descriptors, especially those regarding tumor size, while proposing new group staging. A new lymph node map has also been developed with the intention of facilitating the classification of the "N" component. SEPAR recommends using this new classification. As for the procedures recommended for staging, in addition to the generalized use of computed tomography (CT), it points to the role of positron emission tomography (PET) or image fusion methods (PET/CT), which provide a better evaluation of the mediastinum and extrathoracic metastases. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and esophageal ultrasound (EUS) for obtaining cytohistological samples have been incorporated in the staging algorithm, and it emphasizes the importance of precise re-staging after induction treatment in order to make new therapeutic decisions. Comment is made on the foreseeable incorporation in the near future of molecular staging, and systematic lymph node dissection is recommended with the intention of making a more exact surgical-pathological classification.
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Abstract
Although gene expression studies have shown that human PLUNC (palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone) proteins are predominantly expressed in the upper airways, nose and mouth, and proteomic studies have indicated they are secreted into airway and nasal lining fluids and saliva, there is currently little information concerning the localization of human PLUNC proteins. Our studies have focused on the localization of three members of this protein family, namely SPLUNC1 (short PLUNC1), SPLUNC2 and LPLUNC1 (long PLUNC1). Western blotting has indicated that PLUNC proteins are highly glycosylated, whereas immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated distinct patterns of expression. For example, SPLUNC2 is expressed in serous cells of the major salivary glands and in minor mucosal glands, whereas SPLUNC1 is expressed in the mucous cells of these glands. LPLUNC1 is a product of a population of goblet cells in the airway epithelium and nasal passages and expressed in airway submucosal glands and minor glands of the oral and nasal cavities. SPLUNC1 is also found in the epithelium of the upper airways and nasal passages and in airway submucosal glands, but is not co-expressed with LPLUNC1. We suggest that this differential expression may be reflected in the function of individual PLUNC proteins.
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Leong SPL, Zuber M, Ferris RL, Kitagawa Y, Cabanas R, Levenback C, Faries M, Saha S. Impact of nodal status and tumor burden in sentinel lymph nodes on the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. J Surg Oncol 2011; 103:518-30. [PMID: 21480244 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The validation of sentinel lymph node (SLN) concept in melanoma and breast cancer has established a new paradigm in cancer metastasis that, in general, cancer cells spread in a orderly fashion from the primary site to the SLNs in the regional nodal basin and then to the distant sites. In this review article, we examine the development of SLN concept in penile carcinoma, melanoma and breast carcinoma and its application to other solid cancers with emphasis of the relationship between micrometastasis in SLNs and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley P L Leong
- Center for Melanoma Research and Treatment, Department of Surgery, California Pacific Medical and Research Institute, San Francisco, California 94115, USA.
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Marchevsky AM, Gupta R, Kusuanco D, Mirocha J, McKenna RJ. The presence of isolated tumor cells and micrometastases in the intrathoracic lymph nodes of patients with lung cancer is not associated with decreased survival. Hum Pathol 2010; 41:1536-43. [PMID: 20656322 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2010.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2009] [Revised: 03/21/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto M Marchevsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Chen Z, Jin K, Gao L, Lou G, Jin Y, Yu Y, Lou Y. Anti-tumor effects of bakuchiol, an analogue of resveratrol, on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 643:170-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Kachala SS, Servais EL, Park BJ, Rusch VW, Adusumilli PS. Therapeutic sentinel lymph node imaging. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010; 21:327-38. [PMID: 20226346 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2009.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Improving existing means of sentinel lymph node identification in non-small cell lung cancer will allow for molecular detection of occult micrometastases that may cause recurrence in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. Furthermore, targeted application of chemical and biological cytotoxic agents can potentially improve outcomes in patients with lymph node (LN) metastases. "Therapeutic Sentinel Lymph Node Imaging" incorporates these modalities into a single agent thereby identifying which LNs harbor tumor cells and simultaneously eradicating metastatic disease. In this review, we summarize the novel preclinical agents for identification and treatment of tumor bearing LNs and discuss their potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan S Kachala
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
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Sculier JP, Berghmans T, Meert AP. Update in lung cancer and mesothelioma 2009. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 181:773-81. [PMID: 20382800 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201001-0045up] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Sculier
- Department of Critical Care & Thoracic Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre Bruxelles (ULB), B - 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Oncol 2010; 22:155-61. [PMID: 20147786 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0b013e32833681df] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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