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Koeck S, Amann A, Kern J, Zwierzina M, Lorenz E, Sopper S, Zwierzina H, Mildner F, Sykora M, Sprung S, Hackl H, Augustin F, Maier HT, Pircher A, Pall G, Wolf D, Gamerith G. Whole stromal fibroblast signature is linked to specific chemokine and immune infiltration patterns and to improved survival in NSCLC. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2274130. [PMID: 38126028 PMCID: PMC10732611 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2274130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) are known to orchestrate multiple components of the tumor microenvironment, whereas the influence of the whole stromal-fibroblast compartment is less understood. Here, an extended stromal fibroblast signature was investigated to define its impact on immune cell infiltration. The lung cancer adenocarcinoma (LUAD) data set of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) was used to test whole stroma signatures and cancer-associated fibroblast signatures for their impact on prognosis. 3D cell cultures of the NSCLC cancer cell line A549 together with the fibroblast cell line SV80 were used in combination with infiltrating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) for in-vitro investigations. Immune cell infiltration was assessed via flow cytometry, chemokines were analyzed by immunoassays and RNA microarrays. Results were confirmed in specimens from NSCLC patients by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry as well as in the TCGA data set. The TCGA analyses correlated the whole stromal-fibroblast signature with an improved outcome, whereas no effect was found for the CAF signatures. In 3D microtumors, the presence of fibroblasts induced infiltration of B cells and CD69+CD4+ T cells, which was linked to an increased expression of CCL13 and CXCL16. The stroma/lymphocyte interaction was confirmed in NSCLC patients, as stroma-rich tumors displayed an elevated B cell count and survival in the local cohort and the TCGA data set. A whole stromal fibroblast signature was associated with an improved clinical outcome in lung adenocarcinoma and in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that this signature increases B and T cell recruitment via induction of chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Koeck
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johan Kern
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mannheim Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marit Zwierzina
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edith Lorenz
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heinz Zwierzina
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Finn Mildner
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Martina Sykora
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Sprung
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Florian Augustin
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Hubert T. Maier
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Andreas Pircher
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Georg Pall
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Gabriele Gamerith
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
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Piringer G, Gruenberger T, Thaler J, Kührer I, Kaczirek K, Längle F, Viragos-Toth I, Amann A, Eisterer W, Függer R, Andel J, Pichler A, Stift J, Sölkner L, Gnant M, Öfner D. LM02 trial Perioperative treatment with panitumumab and FOLFIRI in patients with wild-type RAS, potentially resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases-a phase II study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1231600. [PMID: 37621684 PMCID: PMC10446765 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1231600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Twenty percent of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CLMs) are initially resectable with a 5-year survival rate of 25%-40%. Perioperative folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) increases progression-free survival (PFS). In advanced disease, the addition of targeting therapies results in an overall survival (OS) advantage. The aim of this study was to evaluate panitumumab and FOLFIRI as perioperative therapy in resectable CLM. Methods Patients with previously untreated, wild-type Rat sarcoma virus (RAS), and resectable CLM were included. Preoperative four and postoperative eight cycles of panitumumab and folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan (FOLFIRI) were administered. Primary objectives were efficacy and safety. Secondary endpoints included PFS and OS. Results We enrolled 36 patients in seven centers in Austria (intention-to-treat analyses, 35 patients). There were 28 men and seven women, and the median age was 66 years. About 91.4% completed preoperative therapy and 82.9% underwent liver resection. The R0 resection rate was 82.7%. Twenty patients started and 12 patients completed postoperative chemotherapy. The objective radiological response rate after preoperative therapy was 65.7%. About 20% and 5.7% of patients had stable disease and progressive disease, respectively. The most common grade 3 adverse events were diarrhea, rash, and leukopenia during preoperative therapy. One patient died because of sepsis, and one had a pulmonary embolism grade 4. After surgery, two patients died because of hepatic failure. Most common grade 3 adverse events during postoperative therapy were skin toxicities/rash and leukopenia/neutropenia, and the two grade 4 adverse events were stroke and intestinal obstruction. Median PFS was 13.2 months. The OS rate at 12 and 24 months were 85.6% and 73.3%, respectively. Conclusions Panitumumab and FOLFIRI as perioperative therapy for resectable CLM result in a radiological objective response rate in 65.7% of patients with a manageable grade 3 diarrhea rate of 14.3%. Median PFS was 13.2 months, and the 24-month OS rate was 73.3%. These data are insufficient to widen the indication of panitumumab from the unresectable setting to the setting of resectable CLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun Piringer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Gruenberger
- Department of Surgery, Clinic Favoriten, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Health Network Vienna and Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Thaler
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels, Austria
- Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Irene Kührer
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Kaczirek
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Längle
- Department of Surgery, Landesklinikum Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Istvan Viragos-Toth
- Department of Surgery, Landesklinikum Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Eisterer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Klinikum Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Reinhold Függer
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Congregation Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Johannes Andel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Landeskrankenhaus Steyr, Steyr, Austria
| | - Angelika Pichler
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Landeskrankenhaus Hochsteiermark, Leoben, Austria
| | - Judith Stift
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lidija Sölkner
- Department of Statistics, Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Gnant
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Öfner
- Department of Visceral-, Transplant- and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Zimmer K, Kocher F, Untergasser G, Kircher B, Amann A, Baca Y, Xiu J, Korn WM, Berger MD, Lenz HJ, Puccini A, Fontana E, Shields AF, Marshall JL, Hall M, El-Deiry WS, Hsiehchen D, Macarulla T, Tabernero J, Pichler R, Khushman M, Manne U, Lou E, Wolf D, Sokolova V, Schnaiter S, Zeimet AG, Gulhati P, Widmann G, Seeber A. PBRM1 mutations might render a subtype of biliary tract cancers sensitive to drugs targeting the DNA damage repair system. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:64. [PMID: 37400502 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polybromo-1 (PBRM1) loss of function mutations are present in a fraction of biliary tract cancers (BTCs). PBRM1, a subunit of the PBAF chromatin-remodeling complex, is involved in DNA damage repair. Herein, we aimed to decipher the molecular landscape of PBRM1 mutated (mut) BTCs and to define potential translational aspects. Totally, 1848 BTC samples were analyzed using next-generation DNA-sequencing and immunohistochemistry (Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ). siRNA-mediated knockdown of PBRM1 was performed in the BTC cell line EGI1 to assess the therapeutic vulnerabilities of ATR and PARP inhibitors in vitro. PBRM1 mutations were identified in 8.1% (n = 150) of BTCs and were more prevalent in intrahepatic BTCs (9.9%) compared to gallbladder cancers (6.0%) or extrahepatic BTCs (4.5%). Higher rates of co-mutations in chromatin-remodeling genes (e.g., ARID1A 31% vs. 16%) and DNA damage repair genes (e.g., ATRX 4.4% vs. 0.3%) were detected in PBRM1-mutated (mut) vs. PBRM1-wildtype (wt) BTCs. No difference in real-world overall survival was observed between PBRM1-mut and PBRM1-wt patients (HR 1.043, 95% CI 0.821-1.325, p = 0.731). In vitro, experiments suggested that PARP ± ATR inhibitors induce synthetic lethality in the PBRM1 knockdown BTC model. Our findings served as the scientific rationale for PARP inhibition in a heavily pretreated PBRM1-mut BTC patient, which induced disease control. This study represents the largest and most extensive molecular profiling study of PBRM1-mut BTCs, which in vitro sensitizes to DNA damage repair inhibiting compounds. Our findings might serve as a rationale for future testing of PARP/ATR inhibitors in PBRM1-mut BTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zimmer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University Innsbruck (MUI), Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Kocher
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University Innsbruck (MUI), Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerold Untergasser
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University Innsbruck (MUI), Innsbruck, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Brigitte Kircher
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University Innsbruck (MUI), Innsbruck, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University Innsbruck (MUI), Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Martin D Berger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alberto Puccini
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Fontana
- Drug Development Unit, Sarah Cannon Research Institute UK, Marylebone, London, UK
| | - Anthony F Shields
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - John L Marshall
- Ruesch Center for The Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael Hall
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Center at Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - David Hsiehchen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Teresa Macarulla
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), IOB-Quiron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), IOB-Quiron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Renate Pichler
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Moh'd Khushman
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | - Upender Manne
- O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, USA
| | - Emil Lou
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University Innsbruck (MUI), Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Viktorija Sokolova
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Provincial Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical Private University, Bolzano-Bozen, Italy
| | - Simon Schnaiter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alain G Zeimet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pat Gulhati
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Gerlig Widmann
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University Innsbruck (MUI), Innsbruck, Austria.
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Wöll E, Amann A, Eisterer W, Gerger A, Grünberger B, Rumpold H, Weiss L, Winder T, Greil R, Prager GW. Treatment Algorithm for Patients With Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Austrian Consensus on Systemic Therapy - An Update. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:2889-2897. [PMID: 37351962 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, therapeutic options for patients with gastric cancer have improved significantly. However, despite these recent advances, mortality is still substantial. Surgery and chemotherapy represent the cornerstones of patient management. Immune checkpoint inhibitors as well as targeted treatments such as HER2-directed therapies and antiangiogenic agents contribute to improved patient prognosis. Herein, we present the updated version of an Austrian consensus on the systemic treatment of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lower gastroesophageal junction, including those with human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression, microsatellite instability, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive disease, and claudin 18.2 positivity. The consensus considers the curative setting as well as first-line and later-line systemic treatment options in advanced disease. For HER2-positive disease, HER2 testing is discussed in addition to a review of first-line and later-line therapies. Potential future therapies are also listed, with a focus on targeted [e.g., fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGRF2)-directed] treatments that might provide a further step forward in the management of patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewald Wöll
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vinzenz Hospital Zams, Zams, Austria;
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Eisterer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Klagenfurt Hospital, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria
| | - Armin Gerger
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Birgit Grünberger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Landesklinikum Wr. Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Holger Rumpold
- Gastrointestincal Cancer Center, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Lukas Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Winder
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Richard Greil
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gerald W Prager
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Sykora MM, Pugh J, Li B, Mildner FO, Hackl H, Amann A, Nocera FI, Pyke RM, McDaniel L, Abbott CW, Boyle SM, Chen RO, Wolf D, Sopper S, Gamerith G. Abstract 6668: Immune infiltrate co-occurrence and neoantigen similarity are prognostic factors in early stage NSCLC. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-6668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The prevalence of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with curative treatment options is expected to increase with recent implementation of annual screening programs. Predictors and molecular drivers of disease relapse, especially the role of intra-tumoral immune dysfunction, remains unclear but critical for the refinement of therapeutic decisions. By leveraging a comprehensive individual portrait of each patient's immune system potential novel mechanisms associated with tumor relapse in early-stage NSCLC may be identified. We profiled 11 non-relapsed (at least 2 year FU) lung adenocarcinoma patients and 11 covariate-matched (gender, age, stage) relapsed patients, who underwent curative treatment in stage IA-IIIB disease. We used NeXT SummitTM for variant and CNA calling, gene expression quantification, neoantigen prediction, HLA profiling (typing, mutation, and loss of heterozygosity), T-cell receptor and tumor microenvironment (TME) profiling. Neoantigen peptide sequences were subjected to further filtering and clustering based on between-patient similarity scores, with the goal of identifying shared clusters of relapse-associated neoantigens in each possible pair of patients. Differential network analyses were applied to the TME composition estimates to investigate relapse-associated patterns of cellular co-occurrence and interaction. When considering neoantigens selected on the basis of similarity, we found that those belonging to non-relapsed patients had significantly lower HLA binding rank (17.8 points) compared to that of relapsed patients (P=0.02), indicating weaker binding for relapsed cases. Clustering of both the most similar and frequently shared neoantigens correlated with relapse (P < 0.002). In the TME, we observed differential immune cell co-occurrence associated with relapse status, such as Tregs are positively correlated with B and CD4 T cells only in relapsed patients (Pearson’s R=0.7 and 0.74, both P<0.02 vs. R=0.18 and 0.35, both P>0.2 in non-relapsed patients), indicating suppressive anti-tumor immunity. Relapsed patients did not share significant enrichment of mutations in any biological pathway. Surprisingly, mutation purity (less mutations than expected by chance) was observed in relapsed patients, suggesting selective killing and escape. In this pilot cohort, we used an integrated platform to broadly characterize both the tumor and immune system, enabling identification of relapse-associated neoantigens that may share universal features which enhance HLA binding. Relapses in early-stage LUAD patients were associated with neoantigens with lower immunogenicity and an immunosuppressive TME. These findings demonstrate that deeper profiling of shared neoantigen features has the potential to become an early biomarker of relapse, informing patient therapy selection and surveillance.
Citation Format: Martina M. Sykora, Jason Pugh, Bailiang Li, Finn O. Mildner, Hubert Hackl, Arno Amann, Fabienne I. Nocera, Rachel M. Pyke, Lee McDaniel, Charles W. Abbott, Sean M. Boyle, Richard O. Chen, Dominik Wolf, Sieghart Sopper, Gabriele Gamerith. Immune infiltrate co-occurrence and neoantigen similarity are prognostic factors in early stage NSCLC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6668.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hubert Hackl
- 1Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- 1Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dominik Wolf
- 1Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Gamerith G, Mildner F, Merkel PA, Harris K, Cooney L, Lim N, Spiera R, Seo P, Langford CA, Hoffman GS, St Clair EW, Fervenza FC, Monach P, Ytterberg SR, Geetha D, Amann A, Wolf D, Specks U, Stone JH, Kronbichler A. Association of baseline soluble immune checkpoints with the risk of relapse in PR3-ANCA vasculitis following induction of remission. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:253-261. [PMID: 35973802 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2022-222479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated whether soluble immune checkpoints (sICPs) predict treatment resistance, relapse and infections in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). METHODS Plasma sICP concentrations from available samples obtained during conduct of the RAVE trial were measured by immunoabsorbent assays from patients with either proteinase 3 (PR3) or myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA vasculitis and were correlated with clinical outcomes, a set of biomarkers and available flow cytometry analyses focusing on T cell subsets. Log-rank test was used to evaluate survival benefits, and optimal cut-off values of the marker molecules were calculated using Yeldons J. RESULTS Analysis of 189 plasma samples at baseline revealed higher concentrations of sTim-3, sCD27, sLag-3, sPD-1 and sPD-L2 in patients with MPO-ANCA vasculitis (n=62) as compared with PR3-ANCA vasculitis (n=127). Among patients receiving rituximab induction therapy (n=95), the combination of lower soluble (s)Lag-3 (<90 pg/mL) and higher sCD27 (>3000 pg/mL) predicted therapy failure. Twenty-four out of 73 patients (32.9%) in the rituximab arm reaching remission at 6 months relapsed during follow-up. In this subgroup, high baseline values of sTim-3 (>1200 pg/mL), sCD27 (>1250 pg/mL) and sBTLA (>1000 pg/mL) were associated with both sustained remission and infectious complications. These findings could not be replicated in 94 patients randomised to receive cyclophosphamide/azathioprine. CONCLUSIONS Patients with AAV treated with rituximab achieved remission less frequently when concentrations of sLag-3 were low and concentrations of sCD27 were high. Higher concentrations of sTim-3, sCD27 and sBTLA at baseline predicted relapse in patients treated with rituximab. These results require confirmation but may contribute to a personalised treatment approach of AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gamerith
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Finn Mildner
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter A Merkel
- Division of Rheumatology and Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Laura Cooney
- Immune Tolerance Network (ITN), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Noha Lim
- Immune Tolerance Network (ITN), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert Spiera
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Philip Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Carol A Langford
- Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gary S Hoffman
- Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - E William St Clair
- Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fernando C Fervenza
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul Monach
- VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Duvuru Geetha
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck (CCCI), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulrich Specks
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - John H Stone
- Rheumatology Unit, Division of Rheumatology Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Gamerith G, Kloppenburg M, Mildner F, Amann A, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Heydt C, Siemanowski J, Buettner R, Fiegl M, Manzl C, Pall G. Molecular Characteristics of Radon Associated Lung Cancer Highlights MET Alterations. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205113. [PMID: 36291897 PMCID: PMC9600309 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. After smoking, one of the most prominent risk factors for LC development is radon (Rn) exposure. In our study we analysed and compared the genetic landscape of LC patients from a Rn exposed village with local matched non-exposed patients. Within the concordant genetic landscape, an increase in genetic MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) alteration in the Rn-exposed cohort was monitored, underlining the importance of routine MET testing and potential to enable a more effective treatment for this specific subgroup. Abstract Effective targeted treatment strategies resulted from molecular profiling of lung cancer with distinct prevalent mutation profiles in smokers and non-smokers. Although Rn is the second most important risk factor, data for Rn-dependent driver events are limited. Therefore, a Rn-exposed cohort of lung cancer patients was screened for oncogenic drivers and their survival and genetic profiles were compared with data of the average regional population. Genetic alterations were analysed in 20 Rn-exposed and 22 histologically matched non-Rn exposed LC patients using targeted Next generation sequencing (NGS) and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH). Sufficient material and sample quality could be obtained in 14/27 non-exposed versus 17/22 Rn-exposed LC samples. Survival was analysed in comparison to a histologically and stage-matched regional non-exposed lung cancer cohort (n = 51) for hypothesis generating. Median overall survivals were 83.02 months in the Rn-exposed and 38.7 months in the non-exposed lung cancer cohort (p = 0.22). Genetic alterations of both patient cohorts were in high concordance, except for an increase in MET alterations and a decrease in TP53 mutations in the Rn-exposed patients in this small hypothesis generating study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gamerith
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Clinic of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marcel Kloppenburg
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Finn Mildner
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Clinic of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Clinic of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Carina Heydt
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Janna Siemanowski
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Fiegl
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Clinic of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Clinic Hochrum, 6063 Rum, Austria
| | - Claudia Manzl
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecularpathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Georg Pall
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Clinic of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (G.P.)
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Reif D, Zoboli O, Wolfram G, Amann A, Saracevic E, Riedler P, Hainz R, Hintermaier S, Krampe J, Zessner M. Pollutant source or sink? Adsorption and mobilization of PFOS and PFOA from sediments in a large shallow lake with extended reed belt. J Environ Manage 2022; 320:115871. [PMID: 36056490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we i) assessed the occurrence of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in sediments, pore water, and bulk water from three different areas in Lake Neusiedl, Austria, and ii) investigated mechanisms regulating adsorption and remobilization of these substances under different conditions via multiple lab-scale experiments. The adsorption capacity was mainly influenced by sediments' organic matter content, oxide composition, and pre-loading. Results suggest that a further increase of PFAS-concentrations in the open lake can be partly buffered by sediment transport to the littoral zone and adsorption to sediments in the extended reed belt. But, under current conditions, the conducted experiments revealed a real risk for mobilization of PFOS and PFOA from reed belt sediments that may lead to their transport back into the lake. The amount of desorbed PFAS is primarily dependent on water/sediment- or pore water/water-ratios and the concentration gradient. In contrast, water matrix characteristics and oxygen levels played a minor role in partitioning. The highest risk for remobilizing PFOS and PFOA was observed in experiments with sediments taken near the only major tributary to the lake (river Wulka), which had the highest pre-loading. The following management advice for water transport between high and low polluted areas can be derived based on the results. First, to reduce emissions into Lake waters from polluted tributaries like the Wulka river, we recommend diffuse pathways through the reed belt in the lake's littoral to reduce pollutant transport into the Lake and avoid high local sediment loadings. Second, water exchange with dried-up areas with probable higher loadings should be carefully handled and monitored to avoid critical back transport in the open lake. And third, general work in the reed belt or generally in the reed should be accompanied by monitoring to prevent uncontrolled remobilization in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Reif
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management- TU Wien; Karlsplatz 13/226-1, 1040, Vienna, Austria.
| | - O Zoboli
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management- TU Wien; Karlsplatz 13/226-1, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Wolfram
- DWS Hydro-Ökologie GmbH, Zentagasse 47, 1050, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Amann
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management- TU Wien; Karlsplatz 13/226-1, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Saracevic
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management- TU Wien; Karlsplatz 13/226-1, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Riedler
- DWS Hydro-Ökologie GmbH, Zentagasse 47, 1050, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Hainz
- DWS Hydro-Ökologie GmbH, Zentagasse 47, 1050, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Hintermaier
- DWS Hydro-Ökologie GmbH, Zentagasse 47, 1050, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Krampe
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management- TU Wien; Karlsplatz 13/226-1, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Zessner
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management- TU Wien; Karlsplatz 13/226-1, 1040, Vienna, Austria
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Schullian P, Johnston E, Laimer G, Scharll Y, Putzer D, Eberle G, Kolbitsch C, Amann A, Stättner S, Bale R. Stereotactic radiofrequency ablation of tumors at the hepatic venous confluence. HPB (Oxford) 2022; 24:1044-1054. [PMID: 34887174 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is subject to "heat-sink" effects, particularly for treatment of tumors adjacent to major vessels. METHODS In this retrospective study, 104 patients with 137 tumors (40 HCC, 10 ICC and 54 metastatic liver tumors) close to (≤1 cm from) the hepatic venous confluence underwent stereotactic RFA (SRFA) between June 2003 and June 2018. Median tumor size was 3.7 cm (1.4-8.5) for HCC, 6.4 cm (0.5-11) for ICC and 3.8 cm (0.5-13) for metastases. Endpoints comprised safety, local tumor control, overall and disease-free survival. RESULTS The overall major complication rate was 16.0% (20/125 ablations), where 8 (40%) were successfully treated by the interventional radiologist in the same anesthetic session and did not prolong hospital stay. 134/137 (97.8%) tumors were successfully ablated at initial SRFA. Local recurrence (LR) developed in 19/137 tumors (13.9%). The median and overall survival (OS) rates at 1-, 3-, and 5- years from the date of the first SRFA were 51.5 months, 73.5%, 67.0%, and 49.7% for HCC, 14.6 months, 60.0%, 32.0% and 32.0% for ICC and 38.1 months, 91.4%, 56.5% and 27.9% for metastatic disease, respectively. CONCLUSION SRFA represents a viable alternative to hepatic resection for challenging tumors at the hepatic venous confluence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schullian
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edward Johnston
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden Hospital, 203 Fulham Road, Chelsea, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Gregor Laimer
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yannick Scharll
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Putzer
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gernot Eberle
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Kolbitsch
- Department of Anesthesia, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Stefan Stättner
- Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, Salzkammergut Klinikum, D.Wilhelm Bock Strasse 1, 4840, Vöcklabruck Austria; Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Reto Bale
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Seeber A, Battaglin F, Zimmer K, Kocher F, Baca Y, Xiu J, Spizzo G, Novotny-Diermayr V, Rieder D, Puccini A, Swensen J, Ellis M, Goldberg RM, Grothey A, Shields AF, Marshall JL, Weinberg BA, Sackstein PE, Hon Lim K, San Tan G, Nabhan C, Korn WM, Amann A, Trajanoski Z, Berger MD, Lou E, Wolf D, Lenz HJ. Comprehensive analysis of R-spondin fusions and RNF43 mutations implicate novel therapeutic options in colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:1863-1870. [PMID: 35254413 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gene fusions involving R-spondin (RSPOfp) and RNF43 mutations have been shown to drive Wnt-dependent tumor initiation in colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we aimed to characterize the molecular features of RSPOfp/RNF43 mutated (mut) compared to wildtype CRCs to gain insights into potential rationales for therapeutic strategies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A discovery cohort was classified for RSPOfp/RNF43 status using DNA/RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry. An independent cohort was used to validate our findings. RESULTS The discovery cohort consisted of 7,245 CRC samples. RSPOfp and RNF43 mutations were detected in 1.3% (n=94) and 6.1% (n=443) of cases. We found 5 RSPO fusion events that had not previously been reported (e.g. IFNGR1-RSPO3). RNF43-mut tumors were associated with right-sided primary tumors. No RSPOfp tumors had RNF43 mutations. In comparison to wildtype CRCs, RSPOfp tumors were characterized by a higher frequency of BRAF, BMPR1A and SMAD4 mutations. APC mutations were observed in only a minority of RSPOfp-positive compared to wildtype cases (4.4 vs. 81.4%). Regarding RNF43 mutations, a higher rate of KMT2D and BRAF mutations were detectable compared to wildtype samples. While RNF43 mutations were associated with a microsatellite instability (MSI-H)/mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) phenotype (64.3%), and a TMB {greater than or equal to}10 mt/Mb (65.8%), RSPOfp was not associated with MSI-H/dMMR. The validation cohort replicated our genetic findings. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest series of RSPOfp/RNF43-mut CRCs reported to date. Comprehensive molecular analyses asserted the unique molecular landscape associated with RSPO/RNF43 and suggested potential alternative strategies to overcome the low clinical impact of Wnt-targeted agents and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Battaglin
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kai Zimmer
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Yasmine Baca
- Caris Life Sciences (United States), Phoenix, United States
| | - Joanne Xiu
- Caris Life Sciences (United States), Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Gilbert Spizzo
- Department of Internale Medicine, Oncologic Day Hospital, Bressanone-Brixen, South Tyrol, Italy
| | | | | | - Alberto Puccini
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy, Italy
| | | | - Michelle Ellis
- Caris Life Sciences (United States), Phoenix, United States
| | - Richard M Goldberg
- The West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Axel Grothey
- West Cancer Center, Germantown, TN, Germantown, TN, United States
| | | | | | - Benjamin A Weinberg
- Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Paul E Sackstein
- Ruesch Center for The Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, United States
| | - Kiat Hon Lim
- Translational Pathology centre, Department of Molecular Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Gek San Tan
- Translational Pathology centre, Department of Molecular Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Chadi Nabhan
- Caris Life Sciences and College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Deerfield, United States
| | - W Michael Korn
- Caris Life Sciences (United States), Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Arno Amann
- Innsbruck Medical Universtiy, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Emil Lou
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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11
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Schlintl V, Huemer F, Rinnerthaler G, Melchardt T, Winder T, Reimann P, Riedl J, Amann A, Eisterer W, Romeder F, Piringer G, Ilhan-Mutlu A, Wöll E, Greil R, Weiss L. Checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic gastric and GEJ cancer: a multi-institutional retrospective analysis of real-world data in a Western cohort. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:51. [PMID: 35012477 PMCID: PMC8744304 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer could be demonstrated in predominantly Asian cohorts, whereas data in Western patients outside of clinical trials are vastly missing. Methods In this multi-institutional retrospective analysis conducted at nine oncologic centers in Austria, we tried to assess feasibility of checkpoint inhibitors in advanced gastric/GEJ cancer in a real-world Western cohort. Results In total, data from 50 patients with metastatic gastric/GEJ cancer who received nivolumab or pembrolizumab in a palliative setting between November 2015 and April 2020 have been evaluated. The median number of previous palliative therapy lines was two. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 2.1 (95% CI: 1.4–2.8) and 6.3 (95% CI: 3.3–9.3) months, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in median OS according to microsatellite or PD-L1 status. However, a trend towards prolonged PFS and OS for the microsatellite instability high subgroup could be observed. Patients with an ECOG Performance Status (PS) ≥ 2 displayed a significantly worse outcome than those with an ECOG PS ≤ 1 (p = .03). Only one patient discontinued immunotherapy due to treatment-related toxicity. Conclusions Our results support feasibility of nivolumab and pembrolizumab in pre-treated patients with metastatic gastric and GEJ cancer in a Western real-world cohort. Further phase II/III studies are needed to confirm clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Schlintl
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Florian Huemer
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Gabriel Rinnerthaler
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Melchardt
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Winder
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Patrick Reimann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Jakob Riedl
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Eisterer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Klagenfurt Hospital, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Franz Romeder
- Internal Medicine I: Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, Ordensklinikum Linz Barmherzige Schwestern, Linz, Austria
| | - Gudrun Piringer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Wels-Grieskirchen Hospital, Wels, Austria and Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Aysegül Ilhan-Mutlu
- Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Gastroesophageal Tumor Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ewald Wöll
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vinzenz Hospital, Zams, Austria
| | - Richard Greil
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lukas Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
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12
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Müller M, Posch F, Kiem D, Barth D, Horvath L, Stotz M, Schaberl-Moser R, Pichler M, Greil R, Jost PJ, Seeber A, Amann A, Schlick K, Gerger A, Riedl JM. Benefit of second-line therapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a tri-center propensity score analysis. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2021; 13:17588359211039930. [PMID: 34616490 PMCID: PMC8488508 DOI: 10.1177/17588359211039930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The level of evidence for palliative second-line therapy in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (aESCC) is limited. This is the first study that reports efficacy data comparing second-line therapy + active symptom control (ASC) versus ASC alone in aESCC. Methods We conducted a tri-center retrospective cohort study (n = 166) including patients with aESCC who had experienced disease progression on palliative first-line therapy. A propensity score model using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was implemented for comparative efficacy analysis of overall survival (OS) in patients with second-line + ASC (n = 92, 55%) versus ASC alone (n = 74, 45%). Results The most frequent second-line regimens used were docetaxel (36%) and paclitaxel (18%). In unadjusted primary endpoint analysis, second-line + ASC was associated with significantly longer OS compared with ASC alone [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.35-0.69, p < 0.0001]. However, patients in the second-line + ASC group were characterized by more favorable baseline features including a better Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, a longer first-line treatment duration and lower C-reactive protein levels. After rigorous adjusting for baseline confounders by re-weighting the data with the IPTW the favorable association between second-line and longer OS weakened but prevailed. The median OS was 6.1 months in the second-line + ASC group and 3.2 months in the ASC group, respectively (IPTW-adjusted HR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.24-0.69, p = 0.001). Importantly, the benefit of second-line was consistent across several clinical subgroups, including patients with ECOG performance status ⩾1 and age ⩾65 years. The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events associated with palliative second-line therapy were hematological toxicities. Conclusion This real-world study supports the concept that systemic second-line therapy prolongs survival in patients with aESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Müller
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Posch
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dominik Kiem
- IIIrd Medical Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Dominik Barth
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lena Horvath
- Department of Internal Medicine V: Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Stotz
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Renate Schaberl-Moser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Richard Greil
- IIIrd Medical Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Philipp J Jost
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Internal Medicine V: Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V: Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Konstantin Schlick
- IIIrd Medical Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Armin Gerger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jakob M Riedl
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, Graz 8036, Austria
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Spizzo G, Puccini A, Xiu J, Goldberg RM, Grothey A, Shields AF, Arora SP, Khushman M, Salem ME, Battaglin F, Baca Y, El-Deiry WS, Philip PA, Nassem M, Hall M, Marshall JL, Kocher F, Amann A, Wolf D, Korn WM, Lenz HJ, Seeber A. Molecular profile of BRCA-mutated biliary tract cancers. ESMO Open 2021; 5:e000682. [PMID: 32576609 PMCID: PMC7312328 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2020-000682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prognosis of biliary tract cancers (BTC) remains dismal and novel treatment strategies are needed to improve survival. BRCA mutations are known to occur in BTC but their frequency and the molecular landscape in which they are observed in distinct sites of BTC remain unknown. Material and methods Tumour samples from 1292 patients with BTC, comprising intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC, n=746), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHC, n=189) and gallbladder cancer (GBC, n=353), were analysed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Tumour mutational burden (TMB) was calculated based on somatic non-synonymous missense mutations. Determination of tumour mismatch repair (MMR) or microsatellite instability (MSI) status was done by fragment analysis, immunohistochemistry and the evaluation of known microsatellite loci by NGS. Programmed death ligand 1 expression was analysed using immunohistochemistry. Results Overall, BRCA mutations were detected in 3.6% (n=46) of samples (BRCA1: 0.6%, BRCA2: 3%) with no significant difference in frequency observed based on tumour site. In GBC and IHC, BRCA2 mutations (4.0% and 2.7%) were more frequent than BRCA1 (0.3% and 0.4%, p<0.05) while in EHC, similar frequency was observed (2.6% for BRCA2 vs 2.1% for BRCA1). BRCA mutations were associated with a higher rate in subjects with MSI-H/deficient mismatch repair (19.5% vs 1.7%, p<0.0001) and tumours with higher TMB, regardless of the MMR or MSI status (p<0.05). Conclusions BRCA mutations are found in a subgroup of patients with BTC and are characterised by a distinct molecular profile. These data provide a rationale testing poly(ADP-ribose)polymeraseinhibitors and other targeted therapies in patients with BRCA-mutant BTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Spizzo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncologic Day Hospital, Hospital of Bressanone (SABES-ASDAA), Bressanone-Brixen, Italy
| | - Alberto Puccini
- Oncologia Medica 1, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Joanne Xiu
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Richard M Goldberg
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | | | - Anthony F Shields
- epartment of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Battaglin
- University of Southern California-Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Hospital, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | | | - Philip A Philip
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Madiha Nassem
- University of Southern California-Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Hospital, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael Hall
- Fox Chase Cancer Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John L Marshall
- Ruesch Center for The Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Florian Kocher
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- University of Southern California-Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Hospital, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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14
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Kocher F, Tymoszuk P, Amann A, Sprung S, Salcher S, Daum S, Haybaeck J, Rinnerthaler G, Huemer F, Kauffmann-Guerrero D, Tufman A, Seeber A, Wolf D, Pircher A. Deregulated glutamate to pro-collagen conversion is associated with adverse outcome in lung cancer and may be targeted by renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) inhibition. Lung Cancer 2021; 159:84-95. [PMID: 34315093 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor-microenvironment (TME) represents an attractive therapeutic target in NSCLC and plays an important role for efficacy of cancer therapeutics. We hypothesized that upregulation of collagen synthesis might be associated with adverse outcome in NSCLC. Literature evidence suggests that renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) decrease collagen deposition. Therefore, we aimed to explore the prognostic role of RASi intake and their influence on the TME in NSCLC. METHODS Four publicly available datasets were used to evaluate the impact of key enzymes involved in collagen biosynthesis. To investigate the influence of RASi intake on the TME and prognosis we evaluated a cohort of metastatic NSCLC patients and performed histopathological characterization of the TME. A three-dimensional microtissue in vitro model was developed to define the impact of RASi on collagen synthesis. RESULTS Expression of three genes of the collagen synthesis pathway, ALDH18A1, PLOD2 and P4HA1, was upregulated in NSCLC compared to normal lung tissue and linked to shortened overall survival in all investigated cohorts. Together, these genes formed a 'Collagen Signature' which represents an independent unfavourable prognostic factor in two NSCLC cohorts and was linked to alterations of the extracellular matrix deposition and cell cycle pathways. In the cohort of metastatic NSCLC, RASi intake was linked to improved overall response rate and survival. Exploratory in vitro experiments revealed that RASi led to a dose dependent reduction of collagen deposition and degradation of three-dimensional lung cancer cell spheroids. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that collagen synthesis is a key upregulated process in the NSCLC TME and its transcriptional readout, the three gene Collagen Signature is independently associated with poor outcome. Pharmacological targeting of this pathways e.g. by RASi bears potential of improving outcome in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kocher
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Piotr Tymoszuk
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Laboratory for Immunotherapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Data Analytics Service Tirol, daas.tirol, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Sprung
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Salcher
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sophia Daum
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriel Rinnerthaler
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Florian Huemer
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute-Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Center for Clinical Cancer and Immunology Trials (CCCIT), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Diego Kauffmann-Guerrero
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Thoracic Oncology Center Munich, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Amanda Tufman
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Thoracic Oncology Center Munich, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Pircher
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology & Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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15
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Zimmer K, Kocher F, Untergasser G, Puccini A, Xiu J, Wolf D, Spizzo G, Goldberg RM, Grothey A, Shields AF, Marshall J, Hall MJ, Korn WM, Nabhan C, Battaglin F, Lenz HJ, El-Deiry WS, Amann A, Hsiehchen D, Seeber A. Identification and prognostic impact of PBRM1 mutations in biliary tract cancers: Results of a comprehensive molecular profiling study. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.4022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4022 Background: The prognosis of biliary tract cancers (BTC) remains dismal and novel treatment strategies are needed to improve survival. Polybromo-1 ( PBRM1) is a subunit of the PBF chromatin-remodeling complex and preclinical studies suggest induction of synthetic lethality by PARP inhibitors in PBRM1-mutated cancers. Therefore, we aimed to describe the molecular landscape in BTC harboring PBRM1 mutations. Methods: 1,848 BTC samples were included in this study. Specimens were analyzed using NextGen DNA sequencing (NextSeq, 592 gene panel or NovaSeq, whole-exome sequencing), whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing (NovaSeq) and immunohistochemistry (Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ). Pathway gene enrichment analyses were done using GSEA (Subramaniam 2015, PNAS). Immune cell fraction was calculated by QuantiSeq (Finotello 2019, Genome Medicine). Survival was calculated from time of tissue collection to last contact using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Results: PBRM1 mutations were identified in 8.1% (n = 150) of BTC tumors and were more prevalent in intrahepatic BTC (9.9%) than in gallbladder cancer (6%, p = 0.0141) and in extrahepatic BTC (4.5%, p = 0.008). In PBRM1-mutated tumors, we found a higher rate of MSI-H/dMMR (8.7% vs. 2.1%, p < 0.0001) and a higher median TMB (4 vs. 3 mt/MB, p < 0.0001). When compared to PBRM1-wildtype cancers higher rates of co-mutations in chromatin-remodeling genes (e.g. ARID1A, 31% vs. 16% , p < 0.0001) and DNA damage repair pathway (e.g. ATRX, 4.4% vs. 0.3%, p < 0.0001) were detected. Within PBRM1-mutated tumors, a significant higher frequency of infiltrating M1 macrophages was observed (p < 0.0001). Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that genes associated with tumor inflammation (e.g. HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, IFNGR1) were enriched in PBRM1-mutated tumors (NES = 2.02, FDR = 1.3%, p < 0.0001). Overall survival analysis showed that PBRM1 mutations were associated with a favorable outcome (HR 1.502, 95% CI [1.013-2.227], p = 0.041). This relationship was also present in MSS subgroup (HR: 1.667, [1.026-2.71], p = 0.037). Conclusions: This is the largest and most extensive molecular profiling study focusing on PBRM1-mutated BTC. Co-mutations in chromatin-remodelling and DNA damage repair genes might set the stage for clinical testing of PARP inhibitors in PBRM1-mutated BTC. Moreover, a distinct tumor microenvironment characterized by high M1 macrophages infiltration and an enrichment of inflammatory genes suggest a potential benefit of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zimmer
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Kocher
- Department of Internal Medicin V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerold Untergasser
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alberto Puccini
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Dominik Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gilbert Spizzo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncologic Day Hospital, Hospital of Bressanone (SABES-ASDAA), Bressanone-Brixen, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesca Battaglin
- Division of Medical Oncology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Hsiehchen
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX
| | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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16
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Kocher F, Amann A, Zimmer K, Geisler S, Fuchs D, Pichler R, Wolf D, Kurz K, Seeber A, Pircher A. High indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO) activity is linked to primary resistance to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:304-313. [PMID: 33569314 PMCID: PMC7867793 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Metabolic profiling in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may identify key metabolic vulnerabilities and shows enormous discovery potential. Preclinical studies showed that metabolic rewiring in cancer plays an essential role in modulation of immunotherapy response. However, this situation is understudied in the clinical setting. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the plasma metabolic profile of immune checkpoint inhibitor (CI) responding versus non-responding NSCLC patients. The aim of this project is to identify potential predictive biomarkers for CI response. Methods Plasma samples from CI treated NSCLC patients were analysed at baseline and at the first follow up scan by using a broad targeted metabolomics mass spectrometry panel, and were compared to healthy controls. For further validation of identified key alterations high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for tryptophan (Trp) and kynurenine (Kyn) as indicator of IDO-activity was performed. Results Sixty-seven metabolites were significantly altered in NSCLC patients compared to healthy controls. The metabolic profile of patients with primary CI resistance showed an increase in indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and a decrease in branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) compared to baseline concentrations. Deregulated IDO activity was validated by additional HPLC measurements, which revealed that baseline Trp levels were predictive for CI response. According to receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-analysis baseline Trp levels ≥49.3 µmol/L predicted disease control at the first follow up scan with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 71%. Conclusions We showed that NSCLC patients are characterized by a distinct metabolic profile compared to healthy controls. Moreover, metabolic changes during CI therapy were observed. Of those IDO metabolism seemed to play an important role in primary CI resistance. Trp as a surrogate parameter of IDO activity is a promising biomarker in patients undergoing treatment with CIs and might be a future marker in trials investigating IDO inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kocher
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kai Zimmer
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simon Geisler
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Renate Pichler
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Medical Clinic III, Oncology, Hematology, Immunoncology and Rheumatology, University Clinic Bonn (UKB), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Kurz
- Department of Internal Medicine II (Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Pneumology, Rheumatology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Pircher
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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17
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Schullian P, Johnston E, Laimer G, Putzer D, Eberle G, Amann A, Effenberger M, Maglione M, Freund MC, Loizides A, Bale R. Frequency and risk factors for major complications after stereotactic radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors in 1235 ablation sessions: a 15-year experience. Eur Radiol 2020; 31:3042-3052. [PMID: 33125554 PMCID: PMC8043912 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07409-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To assess the frequency of major complications after multi-probe stereotactic radiofrequency ablation (SRFA) in a large cohort of patients over 15 years and to elucidate risk factors for adverse events. Materials and methods A retrospective study was carried out between July 2003 and December 2018. Seven hundred ninety-three consecutive patients (median 65.0 years (0.3–88), 241 women and 552 men, were treated in 1235 SRFA sessions for 2475 primary and metastatic liver tumors with a median tumor size of 3.0 cm (0.5–18 cm). The frequency of major complications was evaluated according to SIR guidelines and putative predictors of adverse events analyzed using simple and multivariable logistic regression. Results Thirty-day mortality after SRFA was 0.5% (6/1235) with an overall major complication rate of 7.4% (91/1235). The major complication rate decreased from 11.5% (36/314) (before January 2011) to 6.0% (55/921) (p = 0.001). 50.5% (46/91) of major complications were successfully treated in the same anesthetic session by angiographic coiling for hemorrhage and chest tube insertion for pneumothorax. History of bile duct surgery/intervention, number of coaxial needles, and location of tumors in segment IVa or VIII were independent prognostic factors for major complications following multivariable logistic regression analysis. Simple logistic regression revealed the number of tumors, tumor size, location close to the diaphragm, tumor conglomerate, and segment VII as other significant predictors. Conclusion SRFA of liver tumors is safe and can extend the treatment spectrum of conventional RFA. Adaptations over time combined with increasing experience resulted in a significant decrease in complications. Key Points • In 1235 ablation sessions in 793 patients over 15 years, we found a mortality rate of 0.5% (6/1235) and an overall major complication rate of 7.4%, which fell from 11.5 (36/314) to 6.0% (55/921, p = 0.001) after January 2011, likely due to procedural adaptations. • History of bile duct surgery/intervention (p = 0.013, OR = 3.290), number of coaxial needles (p = 0.026, OR = 1.052), and location of tumors in segment IVa (p = 0.016, OR = 1.989) or VIII (p = 0.038, OR = 1.635) were found to be independent prognostic factors. • Simple logistic regression revealed that number of tumors, tumor size, location close to the diaphragm, tumor conglomerates, and segment VII were other significant predictors of major complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schullian
- Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edward Johnston
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, 203 Fulham Road, Chelsea, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Gregor Laimer
- Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Putzer
- Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gernot Eberle
- Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria Effenberger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manuel Maglione
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Center of Operative Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin C Freund
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Loizides
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Reto Bale
- Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy (SIP), Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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18
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Schullian P, Johnston EW, Putzer D, Laimer G, Waroschitz G, Braunwarth E, Amann A, Maglione M, Bale R. Stereotactic radiofrequency ablation (SRFA) for recurrent colorectal liver metastases after hepatic resection. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 47:866-873. [PMID: 33032865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the efficacy, safety and overall clinical outcome of multiprobe SRFA as a treatment for recurrent colorectal liver metastases after hepatic resection (HR). METHODS A retrospective, single center study carried out between 2006 and 2018. 64 consecutive patients with recurrent or new CRLM after previous HR were treated by SRFA for 217 lesions (median size 2.7 cm, 1-7.5) in 103 ablation sessions. Endpoints consisted of i) technical efficacy ii) complication and mortality rates iii) local and distant recurrence, iv) disease free survival (DFS), and v) overall survival (OS). RESULTS 213/217 tumors were successfully ablated at initial SRFA (97.7% primary technical efficacy rate). Four tumors required repeat ablation, resulting in a secondary technical efficacy rate of 99.5% (216/217). Local recurrence developed in 25/217 lesions (11.5%). Major complication rate was 5.8% (6/103 sessions) and mortality rate was 1.0% (1/103 ablation sessions), respectively.1-, 3-, and 5- year OS rates from date of first SRFA were 90.1%, 46.2%, and 34.8% (median 33.1 months). DFS rates were 54.2%, 17.2%, and 17.2%, at 1-, 3- and 5- years, respectively (median 13.3 months). CONCLUSION SRFA is a safe, feasible and effective option for CRLM after HR with low morbidity levels and favorable clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schullian
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edward W Johnston
- Royal Marsden Hospital, 203 Fulham Road, Chelsea, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Daniel Putzer
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gregor Laimer
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gregor Waroschitz
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eva Braunwarth
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manuel Maglione
- Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Reto Bale
- Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Oncology - Microinvasive Therapy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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19
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Mildner F, Sopper S, Amann A, Pircher A, Pall G, Köck S, Naismith E, Wolf D, Gamerith G. Systematic review: Soluble immunological biomarkers in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 153:102948. [PMID: 32645684 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the highly dynamic field of advanced malignancies, biomarkers from liquid samples are urgently needed to improve treatment tailoring. However, the heterogenic data lack direct comparison of assays, vectors and relevant validations are rarely found. Therefore, we classified the available studies based on three categories: Measured vectors, applied technique and detected biomarker. High blood tumor mutational burden and low baseline levels of soluble programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) appear to predict treatment responses to immunotherapy. A high PD-1+ CD4+ T-cell count was associated with poor overall survival, PD-1+CD8+ T-cells connect to a favorable outcome. Circulating tumor cells expressing PD-L1 were mainly associated with poor overall survival and treatment failure. CONCLUSION: Measurement of immunological factors as liquid biomarkers is feasible and has shown promising results. The use of coherent nomenclatures, cross-platform assay comparisons and validations through appropriate powered clinical trials are urgently required to push this auspicious field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finn Mildner
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A- 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Tiroler Krebsforschung Institut (TKFI), Innrain 66, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A- 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Tiroler Krebsforschung Institut (TKFI), Innrain 66, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A- 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Tiroler Krebsforschung Institut (TKFI), Innrain 66, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Pircher
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A- 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Pall
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A- 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Köck
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A- 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Tiroler Krebsforschung Institut (TKFI), Innrain 66, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Erin Naismith
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A- 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A- 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Internal Medicine 3, Oncology, Hematology, Immunoncology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn (UKB), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany; Tiroler Krebsforschung Institut (TKFI), Innrain 66, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gabriele Gamerith
- Internal Medicine V, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A- 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Tiroler Krebsforschung Institut (TKFI), Innrain 66, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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20
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Piringer G, Gruenberger T, Kuehrer I, Oefner D, Kaczirek K, Laengle F, Viragos-Toth IL, Amann A, Eisterer W, Fuegger R, Andel J, Pichler A, Stift J, Soelkner L, Gnant M, Thaler J. LM02-trial perioperative treatment with panitumumab and FOLFIRI in patients with wild-type RAS, potentially resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases. J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e16046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16046 Background: Nearly half of patients with colorectal cancer develop liver metastases and only 20% are initially resectable. Surgical resection of liver metastases results in five-year survival rates of 24-48%. Perioperative FOLFOX therapy increases progression free survival. In advanced disease the addition of targeting therapies to chemotherapy results in an overall survival advantage. In this study the efficacy and safety of perioperative panitumumab and FOLFIRI therapy were investigated. Methods: Patients with previously untreated, wild-type RAS, potentially resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases were included. Chemotherapy consisted of irinotecan 180mg/m2 intravenously over 120 minutes and fluorouracil bolus 400mg/m2 intravenously, followed by a 46 h infusion of fluorouracil 2400mg/m2 repeated every 2 weeks. Panitumumab was given as an intravenous dose of 6mg/kg every 2 weeks. Preoperative 4 cycles and postoperative 8 cycles were administered. Primary objectives were the evaluation of efficacy and safety. Results: We enrolled 36 patients in 7 centers in Austria. ITT-analyses included 35 patients. There were 28 men and 7 women, the median age was 66 years. 91.4% completed the planned 4 cycles of preoperative therapy and 82.9% underwent liver resection. R0 resection rate was 82.7%. 20 patients started postoperative chemotherapy and 12 patients completed the planned 8 cycles. Objective response rate after preoperative therapy was 65.7% with one radiological complete remission and 22 partial remissions. In 20% and 5.7% of patients stable disease and progressive disease were documented, respectively. Three patients discontinued preoperative treatment due to adverse events without response evaluation. The most common grade 3 adverse events were diarrhea (n = 4), rash (n = 3) and leukopenia (n = 3) during preoperative therapy. One patient died due to sepsis and one had a pulmonary embolism grade 4. After surgery two patients died due to hepatic failure and one patient had a suture related complication grade 3. Most common grade 3/4 adverse events during postoperative therapy were rash (n = 2), stroke (n = 1) and intestinal obstruction (n = 1). Conclusions: Panitumumab in combination with FOLFIRI as preoperative therapy for operable colorectal liver metastases in RAS wild-type patients results in a radiological objective response rate in 65.7% of patients with a manageable grade 3 diarrhea rate of 14.3%. Progression-free survival and overall survival are still monitored. Clinical trial information: 2012_000265-20 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun Piringer
- Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Department of Internal Medicine IV and Johannes Kepler University Linz, Wels, Austria
| | - Thomas Gruenberger
- Department of Surgery, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Vienna Clinics, Social Mdical Center South - KFJ, Wien, Austria
| | - Irene Kuehrer
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Oefner
- Department of Visercal-, Transplant- and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Kaczirek
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Friedrich Laengle
- Department of Surgery, Landesklinikum Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | | | - Arno Amann
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Eisterer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Klinikum Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - Reinhold Fuegger
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Congregation Hospital Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Johannes Andel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Steyr, Steyr, Austria
| | - Angelika Pichler
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Landeskrankenhaus Hochsteiermark, Leoben, Austria
| | - Judith Stift
- Department of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lidija Soelkner
- Department of Statistics, Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Gnant
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Thaler
- Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, Department of Internal Medicine IV and Johannes Kepler University Linz, Wels, Austria
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21
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Bartolomé E, Arauzo A, Luzón J, Melnic S, Shova S, Prodius D, Bartolomé J, Amann A, Nallaiyan M, Spagna S. Slow relaxation in a {Tb 2Ba(α-fur) 8} n polymer with Ln = Tb(iii) non-Kramers ions. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:5022-5034. [PMID: 30916067 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05044a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic properties of a new heteronuclear polymeric complex based on non-Kramers Tb ions and carboxylic α-fur = C4H3OCOO ligands: {[Tb2Ba(α-fur)8(H2O)4]·2H2O}n. The α-furoate ligands consolidate 1D zig-zag chains running along the c-axis, formed by Tb2 dimers separated by Ba ions. Ab initio calculations, in combination with the fit of experimental data, predict that the single-ion magnetic ground state is highly anisotropic () and consists of a quasi-doublet with a ΔTb/kB = 3.22 K gap, well separated from the next excited state, while the gap for the Tb2 dimer is Δ2Tb/kB = 2.58 K. Static magnetization and heat capacity measurements show that, magnetically, the system can be modeled as dimers of non-Kramers Tb ions, coupled by an antiferromagnetic intradimer interaction J'*/kB = -1.6 K. Dipolar interactions couple the Tb ions in the dimer with their first neighbour ions along the chain, with J''*/kB = -0.15 K, and with the surrounding ions out of the chain, with maximum J'''*/kB = -0.03 K. Ac susceptibility measurements in H = 0 performed down to 50 mK temperatures have enabled us to observe slow relaxation of magnetization, with an Orbach-like activation energy of U/kB = 1.1 K. It is assigned to the sluggish response of the 3D spin system due to a short-range ordering, possibly enhanced by the presence of disorder caused by defects in the polymeric chains. Under the application of a magnetic field, the system slowly relaxes by two distinct direct processes, strongly affected by a phonon bottleneck effect. We discuss the different relaxational phenomenology of the new complex in comparison with that of the isostructural {[Dy2Ba(α-fur)8(H2O)4]·2H2O}n, differing only in the Kramers nature of the ions, and the mononuclear {Ln(α-fur)3(H2O)3}n (Ln = Tb, Dy) complexes, previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bartolomé
- Escola Universitària Salesiana de Sarrià (EUSS), Passeig Sant Joan Bosco 74, 08017-Barcelona, Spain.
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Koeck S, Zwierzina M, Gamerith G, Lorenz E, Zwierzina H, Amann A. Establishing of a primary cancer microtissue model to investigate immune cell infiltration. Eur J Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Koeck S, Zwierzina M, Gamerith G, Lorenz E, Zwierzina H, Kern J, Amann A. The influence of stromal cells on CD3+ CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocyte subpopulations in cancer microtissues. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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24
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Gamerith G, Hackl H, Wallinger P, Fandel L, Kern J, Augustin F, Lorenz E, Hoflehner E, Mildner F, Moser P, Sprung S, Zelger B, Köck S, Amann A, Schäfer G, Öfner D, Maier H, Trajanoski Z, Zwierzina H, Sopper S. Soluble immune checkpoints CD27, Lag3, PD-L2 and Tim3 in early stage NSCLC patients. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Gamerith G, Rainer J, Huber JM, Hackl H, Trajanoski Z, Koeck S, Lorenz E, Kern J, Kofler R, Kelm JM, Zwierzina H, Amann A. 3D-cultivation of NSCLC cell lines induce gene expression alterations of key cancer-associated pathways and mimic in-vivo conditions. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112647-112661. [PMID: 29348853 PMCID: PMC5762538 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This work evaluated gene expression differences between a hanging-drop 3D NSCLC model and 2D cell cultures and their in-vivo relevance by comparison to patient-derived data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Gene expression of 2D and 3D cultures for Colo699 and A549 were assessed using Affymetrix HuGene 1.0 ST gene chips. Biostatistical analyses tested for reproducibility, comparability and significant differences in gene expression profiles between cell lines, experiments and culture methods. The analyses revealed a high interassay correlation within specific culture systems proving a high validity. 979 genes were altered in A549 and 1106 in Colo699 cells due to 3D cultivation. The overlap of changed genes between the cell lines was small (149), but the involved pathways in the reactome and GO- analyses showed a high overlap with DNA methylation, cell cycle, SIRT1, PKN1 pathway, DNA repair and oxidative stress as well known cancer-associated representatives. Additional specific GSEA-analyses revealed changes in immunologic and endothelial cell proliferation pathways, whereas hypoxic, EMT and angiogenic pathways were downregulated. Gene enrichment analyses showed 3D-induced gene up-regulations in the cell lines 38 to be represented in in-vivo samples of NSCLC patients using data of The Cancer Genome Atlas. Thus, our 3D NSCLC model might provide a tool for early drug development and investigation of microenvironment-associated mechanisms. However, this work also highlights the need for further individualization and model adaption to address remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gamerith
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Rainer
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Division of Molecular Pathophysiology, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,European Academy of Bolzano/Bozen (EURAC), Center for Biomedicine, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Julia M Huber
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Oncotyrol, Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Division of Bioinformatics, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Division of Bioinformatics, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Koeck
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edith Lorenz
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johann Kern
- Oncotyrol, Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Reinhard Kofler
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Division of Molecular Pathophysiology, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Heinz Zwierzina
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine V, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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26
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Gamerith G, Amann A, Schenk B, Auer T, Lentzen H, Mügge DO, Cima KM, Löffler-Ragg J, Hilbe W, Zwierzina H. Aviscumine, a recombinant ribosomal inhibitor, increases the antitumor activity of natural killer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5563-5568. [PMID: 29142605 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aviscumine, a recombinant lectin I, has been identified as an immunomodulatory agent within a new class of ribotoxic stress-inducing anticancer substances that have demonstrated efficacy in phase I/II trials. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the presumed effect of aviscumine on enhancing human natural killer (NK) cell antitumor cytotoxicity. To measure the effect of aviscumine on human NK cell cytotoxicity, chromium-51-release assays against K-562 cells were performed with isolated NK cells from the whole blood of 34 healthy volunteers. Two effector-to-target cell ratios (12.5:1 and 25:1) were used by two independent investigators with a focus on the concentration-dependent effect (0.5 vs. 1 ng/ml aviscumine), reproducibility (first vs. second investigator) and the specificity of the effect by comparison to a heat-inactivated aliquot and interleukin 2 (IL-2) stimulation (10 ng/ml). The mediation of the effect via degranulation was demonstrated by flow cytometric analyses of CD107α expression. Statistics were performed with SPSS using Student's t-tests for normally distributed data. Aviscumine induced a significant and reproducible, concentration-dependent increase in NK cell cytotoxicity (n=22; P<0.01 for both concentrations and ratios), which was also demonstrated when administered in combination with IL-2 (n=12; 12.5:1 ratio, P<0.001; 25:1 ratio, P=0.025) and when compared with the heat-inactivated aliquots (n=12; 12.5:1, P=0.004; 25:1 ratio, P=0.007). The mediation of its effect via interferon γ degranulation was demonstrated by significantly enhanced CD107α expression (n=7; P=0.005). Taken together, the results indicate that aviscumine induced an increase in NK cell anticancer cytotoxicity. These results highlight its clinical potential as an immunostimulatory agent, particularly with regard to combined use with chemotherapeutics or immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Gamerith
- Clinic of Internal Medicine V, Innsbruck Medical University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Clinic of Internal Medicine V, Innsbruck Medical University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bettina Schenk
- Department of General and Surgical Critical Care Medicine, Innsbruck University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Auer
- Department of Radiology, Innsbruck Medical University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Dirk O Mügge
- Institute of Psychology, Innsbruck University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katharina M Cima
- Clinic of Internal Medicine VI, Innsbruck Medical University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Judith Löffler-Ragg
- Clinic of Internal Medicine VI, Innsbruck Medical University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Hilbe
- Clinic of Internal Medicine I, Wilhelminenspital Wien, A-1160 Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Zwierzina
- Clinic of Internal Medicine V, Innsbruck Medical University, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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27
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Koeck S, Kern J, Zwierzina M, Gamerith G, Lorenz E, Sopper S, Zwierzina H, Amann A. The influence of stromal cells and tumor-microenvironment-derived cytokines and chemokines on CD3 +CD8 + tumor infiltrating lymphocyte subpopulations. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1323617. [PMID: 28680763 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1323617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment has been identified as a major mediator of immunological processes in solid tumors. In particular, tumor-associated fibroblasts are known to interact with tumor infiltrating immune cells. We describe the influence of fibroblasts and tumor-microenvironment-derived cytokines on the infiltration capacity of CD3+CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte subpopulations using a multicellular 3D co-culture system. 3D tumor microtissues were cultivated using a hanging drop system. Human A549 and Calu-6 cancer cell lines were incubated alone or together with the human fibroblast cell line SV80 for 10 d to form microtissues. On day 10, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were added with or without cytokine stimulation for 24 h. Infiltrating PBMC subpopulations were investigated by flow cytometry. Aggregation of the microtissues and the infiltration of the PBMCs were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and endogenous cytokine and chemokine expression was analyzed with a multi-cytokine immunoassay. Secretion of chemokines is increased in microtissues consisting of cancer cells and fibroblasts. PBMC infiltrate the whole spheroid in cancer cell monocultures, whereas in co-cultures of cancer cells and fibroblasts, PBMCs are rather localized at the margin. Activated CD69+ and CD49d+ T lymphocytes show an increased microtissue infiltration in the presence of fibroblasts. We demonstrate that the stromal component of cancer microtissues significantly influences immune cell infiltration. The presence of fibroblasts in cancer microtissues induces a shift of T lymphocyte infiltration toward activated T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Koeck
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Johan Kern
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Marit Zwierzina
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Gabriele Gamerith
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Edith Lorenz
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Heinz Zwierzina
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
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Ženka J, Caisová V, Uher O, Nedbalová P, Kvardová K, Masáková K, Krejčová G, Paďouková L, Jochmanová I, Wolf KI, Chmelař J, Kopecký J, Loumagne L, Mestadier J, D’agostino S, Rohaut A, Ruffin Y, Croize V, Lemaître O, Sidhu SS, Althammer S, Steele K, Rebelatto M, Tan T, Wiestler T, Spitzmueller A, Korn R, Schmidt G, Higgs B, Li X, Shi L, Jin X, Ranade K, Koeck S, Amann A, Gamerith G, Zwierzina M, Lorenz E, Zwierzina H, Kern J, Riva M, Baert T, Coosemans A, Giovannoni R, Radaelli E, Gsell W, Himmelreich U, Van Ranst M, Xing F, Qian W, Dong C, Xu X, Guo S, Shi Q, Quandt D, Seliger B, Plett C, Amberger DC, Rabe A, Deen D, Stankova Z, Hirn A, Vokac Y, Werner J, Krämer D, Rank A, Schmid C, Schmetzer H, Guerin M, Weiss JM, Regnier F, Renault G, Vimeux L, Peranzoni E, Feuillet V, Thoreau M, Guilbert T, Trautmann A, Bercovici N, Amberger DC, Doraneh-Gard F, Boeck CL, Plett C, Gunsilius C, Kugler C, Werner J, Schmohl J, Kraemer D, Ismann B, Rank A, Schmid C, Schmetzer HM, Markota A, Ochs C, May P, Gottschlich A, Gosálvez JS, Karches C, Wenk D, Endres S, Kobold S, Hilmenyuk T, Klar R, Jaschinski F, Gamerith G, Augustin F, Lorenz E, Manzl C, Hoflehner E, Moser P, Zelger B, Köck S, Amann A, Kern J, Schäfer G, Öfner D, Maier H, Zwierzina H, Sopper S, Prado-Garcia H, Romero-Garcia S, Sandoval-Martínez R, Puerto-Aquino A, Lopez-Gonzalez J, Rumbo-Nava U, Klar R, Hilmenyuk T, Jaschinski F, Coosemans A, Baert T, Van Hoylandt A, Busschaert P, Vergote I, Baert T, Van Hoylandt A, Busschaert P, Vergote I, Coosemans A, Laengle J, Pilatova K, Budinska E, Bencsikova B, Sefr R, Nenutil R, Brychtova V, Fedorova L, Hanakova B, Zdrazilova-Dubska L, Allen C, Ku YC, Tom W, Sun Y, Pankov A, Looney T, Hyland F, Au-Young J, Mongan A, Becker A, Tan JBL, Chen A, Lawson K, Lindsey E, Powers JP, Walters M, Schindler U, Young S, Jaen JC, Yin S, Chen Y, Gullo I, Gonçalves G, Pinto ML, Athelogou M, Almeida G, Huss R, Oliveira C, Carneiro F, Merz C, Sykora J, Hermann K, Hussong R, Richards DM, Fricke H, Hill O, Gieffers C, Pinho MP, Barbuto JAM, McArdle SE, Foulds G, Vadakekolathu JN, Abdel-Fatah TMA, Johnson C, Hood S, Moseley P, Rees RC, Chan SYT, Pockley AG, Rutella S, Geppert C, Hartmann A, Kumar KS, Gokilavani M, Wang S, Merz C, Richards DM, Sykora J, Redondo-Müller M, Heinonen K, Marschall V, Thiemann M, Fricke H, Gieffers C, Hill O, Zhang L, Mao B, Jin Y, Zhai G, Li Z, Wang Z, Qian W, An X, Qiao M, Zhang J, Shi Q, Weber J, Kluger H, Halaban R, Sznol M, Roder H, Roder J, Grigorieva J, Asmellash S, Oliveira C, Meyer K, Steingrimsson A, Blackmon S, Sullivan R, Boeck CL, Amberger DC, Doraneh-Gard F, Sutanto W, Guenther T, Schmohl J, Schuster F, Salih H, Babor F, Borkhardt A, Schmetzer H, Kim Y, Oh I, Park C, Ahn S, Na K, Song S, Choi Y, Fedorova L, Poprach A, Lakomy R, Selingerova I, Demlova R, Pilatova K, Kozakova S, Valik D, Petrakova K, Vyzula R, Zdrazilova-Dubska L, Aguilar-Cazares D, Galicia-Velasco M, Camacho-Mendoza C, Islas-Vazquez L, Chavez-Dominguez R, Gonzalez-Gonzalez C, Prado-Garcia H, Lopez-Gonzalez JS, Yang S, Moynihan KD, Noh M, Bekdemir A, Stellacci F, Irvine DJ, Volz B, Kapp K, Oswald D, Wittig B, Schmidt M, Chavez-Dominguez R, Aguilar-Cazares D, Prado-Garcia H, Islas-Vazquez L, Lopez-Gonzalez JS, Kleef R, Bohdjalian A, McKee D, Moss RW, Saeed M, Zalba S, Debets R, ten Hagen TLM, Javed S, Becher J, Koch-Nolte F, Haag F, Gordon EM, Sankhala KK, Stumpf N, Tseng W, Chawla SP, Suárez NG, Báez GB, Rodríguez MC, Pérez AG, García LC, Fernández DH, Pous JR, Ramírez BS, Jacoberger-Foissac C, Saliba H, Seguin C, Brion A, Frisch B, Fournel S, Heurtault B, Otterhaug T, Håkerud M, Nedberg A, Edwards V, Selbo P, Høgset A, Jaitly T, Dörrie J, Schaft N, Gross S, Schuler-Thurner B, Gupta S, Taher L, Schuler G, Vera J, Rataj F, Kraus F, Grassmann S, Chaloupka M, Lesch S, Heise C, Endres S, Kobold S, Cadilha BML, Dorman K, Heise C, Rataj F, Endres S, Kobold S. Abstracts from the 4th ImmunoTherapy of Cancer Conference. J Immunother Cancer 2017. [PMCID: PMC5374589 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-017-0219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Abstract
Hysteresis and multistability are fundamental phenomena of driven nonlinear oscillators, which, however, restrict many applications such as mechanical energy harvesting. We introduce an electrical control mechanism to switch from the low to the high energy output branch of a nonlinear energy harvester by exploiting the strong interplay between its electrical and mechanical degrees of freedom. This method improves the energy conversion efficiency over a wide bandwidth in a frequency-amplitude-varying environment using only a small energy budget. The underlying effect is independent of the device scale and the transduction method and is explained using a modified Duffing oscillator model.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Mallick
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
| | - A Amann
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T12 XF62, Ireland
| | - S Roy
- Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Dyke Parade, Cork T12 R5CP, Ireland
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30
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Seeber A, Gastl G, Ensinger C, Spizzo G, Willenbacher W, Kocher F, Leitner C, Willenbacher E, Amann A, Steiner N, Eisterer W, Voss A, Russell K, Zwierzina H. Treatment of patients with refractory metastatic cancer according to molecular profiling on tumor tissue in the clinical routine: an interim-analysis of the ONCO-T-PROFILE project. Genes Cancer 2016; 7:301-308. [PMID: 28050231 PMCID: PMC5115171 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with refractory metastatic cancer have been shown to benefit from molecular profiling of tumor tissue. The ONCO-T-PROFILE project was launched in March 2014 at the Innsbruck Medical University. Within 2 years our project aims to recruit 110 patients with stage IV cancer refractory to standard therapy. Our data presented here are based on an interim-analysis. Methods Tumor tissue specimens were submitted for molecular profiling to the certified laboratory (Caris Life Science, USA). Druggable tumor targets were selected based on biomarker status to agents with potential clinical benefit. Clinical benefit was defined as a PFS ratio (=PFS upon treatment according to the molecular profile/ PFS upon the last prior therapy) ≥ 1.3. Results As of April 2015, tumors from 50 patients have been molecularly profiled and one or more targets were detectable in 48 specimens (98%). So far, 19 (38%) patients have been treated according to their molecular tumor profile. To date, 8 (42%) patients have reached a PFS ratio of ≥ 1.3. Conclusions We could show that molecular profiling is feasible in the clinical routine. A proportion of patients might benefit from an individualized treatment approach based on molecular profiling. As a result, we will proceed to enroll patients in ONCO-T-PROFILE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Seeber
- Department of Haematoloy and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria; Laboratory for Experimental Oncogenomics, Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Austria
| | - Guenther Gastl
- Department of Haematoloy and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | | | - Gilbert Spizzo
- Haematooncological Day Hospital, Hospital of Merano, Italy
| | | | - Florian Kocher
- Department of Haematoloy and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Christoph Leitner
- Department of Haematoloy and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Ella Willenbacher
- Department of Haematoloy and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Haematoloy and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Normann Steiner
- Department of Haematoloy and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Eisterer
- Department of Haematoloy and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | | | | | - Heinz Zwierzina
- Department of Haematoloy and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
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Amann A, Zwierzina M, Gamerith G, Koeck S, Lorenz E, Zwierzina H, Kern J. A multicellular 3D cell culture model for investigation of endothelial cell migration. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw392.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Huber JM, Amann A, Koeck S, Lorenz E, Kelm JM, Obexer P, Zwierzina H, Gamerith G. Evaluation of assays for drug efficacy in a three-dimensional model of the lung. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:1955-66. [PMID: 27424189 PMCID: PMC4978763 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background The focus of the outlined work is the establishment of a three-dimensional lung model for various drug-screening applications. Methods The non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line Colo699 was cultivated as monolayer (2D) on plates for 5 days or as microtissues (3D) using a hanging-drop system for 5 and 10 days. Cells and microtissues were treated with afatinib (10–80 µM), cisplatin (100–800 µM) or vinorelbine (25–200 µM) for 24 or 48 hours (h). Cell proliferation and viability were analysed by intra-cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH) assays, annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining, and cell cycle determination. Microtissue morphology and size, as well as cell death were evaluated via phase contrast microscopy. Results Our results demonstrate the valid determination of viability and cell death using established assays in the 3D system for drug testing. The comparison of ATP, LDH and cytometry data showed moderate (0.40) to very strong (0.99) correlations. Thereby, we observed partially significant differences in drug efficacy between microtissues and 2D cultures dependent from the applied treatment and read-out method. Altogether, microtissues developed resistance to cisplatin and vinorelbine; but remained more vulnerable to afatinib. These findings were confirmed with microscopy. Conclusion In summary, we established an NSCLC 3D test system with multiple assays compatible for drug-testing applications of substances with different mechanisms of action. In addition, our data support the usage of microtissues as more accurate tools for drug-efficacy testing with the possibility of long-term cultivation and treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00432-016-2198-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Huber
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innrain 66, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Oncotyrol, Innrain 66, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- University Hospital for Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Koeck
- University Hospital for Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edith Lorenz
- University Hospital for Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Oncotyrol, Innrain 66, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jens M Kelm
- InSphero AG, Wagistr. 27, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Petra Obexer
- University Hospital for Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innrain 66, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heinz Zwierzina
- University Hospital for Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gabriele Gamerith
- University Hospital for Internal Medicine V (Hematology and Oncology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria. .,Oncotyrol, Innrain 66, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Amann A, Zwierzina M, Kern J, Gamerith G, Koeck S, Lorenz E, Rainer J, Zwierzina H. Abstract 4252: Establishment of a multicellular 3D cell culture model for tumor - endothelial cell interaction. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-4252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the increasing understanding of the mechanisms relevant to the genesis of cancer, we are experiencing a transition from disease to target-oriented therapy. One major hurdle for the development of these targeted therapeutic regimens, however, is the limited availability of predictive in vitro models. The critical challenge is to develop culture models better reflecting in vivo conditions. We present data that highlights the differences of RNA expression of in vivo like 3D microtissues consisting of tumour cells, fibroblasts and two different endothelial cell lines compared to normal 2D cell culture conditions.
Methods: 96-well hanging drop microtiter plates (InSphero AG, Zürich, Switzerland) were applied for the production of 3D mono-, co- and tri-cultures including the human lung cancer cell lines A549 or Colo699 alone or in combination with a human lung fibroblast cell line (SV-80) and either a human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (HUVEC) or the primary human lung microvascular endothelial cell line (HMVEC-L).
In addition, to conventional histology (H&E), tumour endothelial spheroid aggregation was displayed immunohistochemically (IHC) by protein expression of e-cadherin, CD31, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and α-muscle actin (α-SMA).
RNA expression profiling by Affymetrix chip analysis was performed for multicellular 3D microtissues and 2D cultured cell lines.
Results: Endothelial cells aggregated in coherent tube like structures preferentially in the fibroblast consisting core of all microtissues. Furthermore, endothelial cells expressed α-SMA only in microtissues that consisted both of fibroblasts and tumour cells indicating an interaction between these two cell types.
RNA expression profiles revealed a high number of regulated genes in tri-cultures when compared to microtissues only consisting of mono- or co-cultures or to traditional 2D cultivated cells. Regulated genes played an important role either in cell cycle, organelle fission, wound healing and DNA packing.
Interestingly, no difference in the RNA expression was displayed in microtissues containing either immortalized or primary endothelial cells,
Finally, a relation of RNA expression between our cell culture model and patient data was identified.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that cultivation of cells as multicellular microtissues in a 3D environment led not only to a difference in RNA but also in protein expression due to cell - cell interactions. Our data support the importance of performing complex co-culture for investigating tumour stroma interactions.
Citation Format: Arno Amann, Marit Zwierzina, Johann Kern, Gabriele Gamerith, Stefan Koeck, Edith Lorenz, Johannes Rainer, Heinz Zwierzina. Establishment of a multicellular 3D cell culture model for tumor - endothelial cell interaction. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4252.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Amann
- 1Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Johann Kern
- 2Oncotyrol - Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Stefan Koeck
- 1Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edith Lorenz
- 2Oncotyrol - Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria
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Koeck S, Amann A, Huber JM, Gamerith G, Hilbe W, Zwierzina H. The impact of metformin and salinomycin on transforming growth factor β-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:2946-2952. [PMID: 27073581 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is highly involved in the development of metastases. EMT transforms epithelial carcinoma cells into mesenchymal-like cells, characterized by increased cell migration and invasiveness. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) appears to be crucial in this process. Metformin and salinomycin have demonstrated an EMT inhibitory effect. The current experiments indicate that these substances specifically inhibit TGFβ-induced EMT in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. The NSCLC cell lines A549 and HCC4006 were stimulated with TGFβ for 48 h to induce EMT. Metformin or salinomycin was added simultaneously with TGFβ to inhibit TGFβ-induced EMT. Western blot analyses of E-cadherin and vimentin were performed to detect changes in EMT marker expression, and a wound healing assay was conducted to determine the potential effects on cell migration. The effects of the two drugs on cell viability were also investigated using MTS tetrazolium dye assays. The results revealed that cells undergoing EMT by application of TGFβ exhibited a downregulation of E-cadherin and an upregulation of vimentin protein expression on western blot analyses, and an increased capacity for cell migration. Simultaneous application of TGFβ and metformin specifically inhibited EMT and increased E-cadherin expression. At the higher dose tested, salinomycin also inhibited EMT, despite an increase in vimentin expression in the two cell lines. Furthermore, metformin and salinomycin, at the two concentrations tested, inhibited cell migration. These findings demonstrate that metformin and salinomycin are able to block EMT and inhibit EMT-induced cell migration. Thus, these two substances are novel EMT inhibiting drugs that have the potential to specifically control EMT and metastatic spread in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Koeck
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Julia M Huber
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Gabriele Gamerith
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Hilbe
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine I, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna 1160, Austria
| | - Heinz Zwierzina
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
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Koeck S, Zwierzina M, Huber JM, Bitsche M, Lorenz E, Gamerith G, Dudas J, Kelm JM, Zwierzina H, Amann A. Infiltration of lymphocyte subpopulations into cancer microtissues as a tool for the exploration of immunomodulatory agents and biomarkers. Immunobiology 2016; 221:604-17. [PMID: 26876590 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The interaction between the immune system and malignant diseases is a proven key target for cancer therapy. We describe an innovative 3D cell culture system comprising both immune and cancer cells to evaluate their interaction and immune cell infiltration to provide an innovative in vitro screening of immunomodulatory agents and biomarkers. METHODS 3D tumor microtissues were cultivated using a hanging drops system. Human non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines were incubated for 7 days to form microtissues. On day 5, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were added with or without interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 24 or 48h. Viability of cancer cells and the infiltrating PBMC subpopulations were investigated by flow cytometry. Aggregation of tumor cells and PBMC and the infiltration of the PBMC into the tumor microtissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Quantification of infiltration was measured by applying the TissueFAXS system. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry revealed PBMC infiltration in all cell lines which increased under IL-2 stimulation. Analysis of infiltrating populations showed both lymphocyte subpopulations and monocytes within the tumor microtissues. In all three co-cultures, CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD8+CD45R0+CD28+ lymphocytes were increased with IL-2, whereas CD3+CD8+CD45R0-CD28+ PBMCs were decreased with and without IL-2 stimulation. CONCLUSION In summary, we present a novel cell culture system to study the interaction between cancer cells and immune cells in 3-dimensional microtissues. In addition, we report for the first time an in vitro infiltration assay based on 3D microtissues. This model has the potential to provide a tool for ex-vivo drug testing and biomarker screening of immunomodulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Koeck
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria.
| | - Marit Zwierzina
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Julia M Huber
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Mario Bitsche
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Edith Lorenz
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Gabriele Gamerith
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Jozsef Dudas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Jens M Kelm
- InSphero AG, Schlieren, Canton of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Zwierzina
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria; Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
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Kocher F, Lunger F, Seeber A, Amann A, Pircher A, Hilbe W, Fiegl M. Incidental Diagnosis of Asymptomatic Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Registry-Based Analysis. Clin Lung Cancer 2016; 17:62-7.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Koeck S, Zwierzina M, Lorenz E, Gamerith G, Zwierzina H, Amann A. Infiltration of immune cells into cancer cell/stroma cell 3D microtissues. J Immunother Cancer 2015. [PMCID: PMC4645460 DOI: 10.1186/2051-1426-3-s2-p75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Seeber A, Gastl G, Ensinger C, Forcher V, Rinderer F, Willenbacher E, Willenbacher W, Eisterer W, Pall G, Leitner C, Spizzo G, Amann A, Lang A, Jaeger T, Voss A, Zwierzina H. ONCO-T-PROFIL: treatment of patients with refractory metastatic solid tumors according to a molecular characterization of potential predictive biomarkers. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv348.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zwierzina ME, Ejaz A, Bitsche M, Blumer MJF, Mitterberger MC, Mattesich M, Amann A, Kaiser A, Pechriggl EJ, Hörl S, Rostek U, Pierer G, Fritsch H, Zwerschke W. Characterization of DLK1(PREF1)+/CD34+ cells in vascular stroma of human white adipose tissue. Stem Cell Res 2015; 15:403-18. [PMID: 26342195 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorting of native (unpermeabilized) SVF-cells from human subcutaneous (s)WAT for cell surface staining (cs) of DLK1 and CD34 identified three main populations: ~10% stained cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34-, ~20% cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34+dim and ~45% cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+. FACS analysis after permeabilization showed that all these cells stained positive for intracellular DLK1, while CD34 was undetectable in cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34- cells. Permeabilized cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+ cells were positive for the pericyte marker α-SMA and the mesenchymal markers CD90 and CD105, albeit CD105 staining was dim (cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+/CD90+/CD105+dim/α-SMA+/CD45-/CD31-). Only these cells showed proliferative and adipogenic capacity. Cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34- and cs-DLK1+/cs-CD34+dim cells were also α-SMA+ but expressed CD31, had a mixed hematopoietic and mesenchymal phenotype, and could neither proliferate nor differentiate into adipocytes. Histological analysis of sWAT detected DLK1+/CD34+ and DLK1+/CD90+ cells mainly in the outer ring of vessel-associated stroma and at capillaries. DLK1+/α-SMA+ cells were localized in the CD34- perivascular ring and in adventitial vascular stroma. All these DLK1+ cells possess a spindle-shaped morphology with extremely long processes. DLK1+/CD34+ cells were also detected in vessel endothelium. Additionally, we show that sWAT contains significantly more DLK1+ cells than visceral (v)WAT. We conclude that sWAT has more DKL1+ cells than vWAT and contains different DLK1/CD34 populations, and only cs-DLK1-/cs-CD34+/CD90+/CD105+dim/α-SMA+/CD45-/CD31- cells in the adventitial vascular stroma exhibit proliferative and adipogenic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit E Zwierzina
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Asim Ejaz
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mario Bitsche
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael J F Blumer
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria C Mitterberger
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Monika Mattesich
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Kaiser
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elisabeth J Pechriggl
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Susanne Hörl
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ursula Rostek
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Pierer
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helga Fritsch
- Division for Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Department for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Zwerschke
- Cell Metabolism and Differentiation Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Austria.
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Gamerith G, Rainer J, Amann A, Koeck S, Lorenz E, Zwierzina H, Huber JM. Abstract 326: Differences in RNA expression and chemosensitivity in 2D versus 3D non-small-cell lung cancer cultures. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Increasing efforts to integrate tumour-stroma interaction and 3-dimensional structures in innovative in-vitro models were made within the last years. We established a 3D co-culture system in non-small-cell lung cancer applicable for drug testing. In this work, we present data on the differences in RNA expression and drug sensitivity in the 2D and 3D culture system.
Methods: A549 and Colo699 NSCLC cell lines were both cultivated in a 2D standard cell culture (flasks, PAA, Germany) and a 3D 96 well plate hanging drop system (GravityPlusTM, Insphero, Switzerland) for 5 and 10 days, respectively. 3D microtissues were cultured either in mono- or in co-cultures with the human lung fibroblast cell line SV80. RNA expression profiling via Affymetrix chip analyses was performed with 3 biological replicates per cell line (A549, Colo699 and SV80) in mono- and co-cultures. For this purpose, RNA was isolated by a TriReagent standard protocol.
Cytotoxicity was determined for cisplatin and vinorelbine after 24 hours of incubation by ATP measurements of lysed microtissues/cells and modified AnnexinV/Propidium iodide staining for flow cytometry on Colo699 cells. Furthermore, standard flow cytometry cell cycle analyses and microscopic volume measurements were performed to analyse drug induced inhibition of proliferation.
Results: RNA expression profiles revealed within the A549 monocultures 892 and the Colo699 monocultures 1,042 regulated genes (≥ two-fold change in expression) for 2D versus 3D cultures, respectively. Between the cell lines A549 and Colo699 only a limited overlap (131 genes) in differentially expressed genes was detected. However, significant differences in gene expression were experienced in co-cultures with SV80. The most frequently altered genes are involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, organelle fission, RNA polymerases, histone methylation, DNA repair, oxidative stress and WNT signalling pathways. To prove the potential in-vivo relevance of these findings, we assessed the chemosensitivity in the Colo699 for 2D and 3D cell cultures. A significant difference in LD50 could be observed for cisplatin between 2D (100μM) and 3D (250μM) cultures in both ATP release measurements and AnnexinV/PI flow cytometry analyses. In cell cycle analyses the maximum M arrest for vinorelbine was achieved with 25μM in 2D, whereas in 3D 100μM of vinorelbine were needed. Cytotoxicity assays did not reveal a significant difference for vinorelbine in 2D versus 3D models.
Conclusion: Herein, we demonstrate that cultivation of cell lines either in a 2D or 3D environment lead not only to a difference in RNA expression but also in chemosensitivity. Thereby, these data support the urgent need of more in vivo like cell culture models for analysing drug related modes of action.
Citation Format: Gabriele Gamerith, Johannes Rainer, Arno Amann, Stefan Koeck, Edith Lorenz, Heinz Zwierzina, Julia M. Huber. Differences in RNA expression and chemosensitivity in 2D versus 3D non-small-cell lung cancer cultures. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 326. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-326
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arno Amann
- Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Koeck
- Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edith Lorenz
- Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Amann A, Zwierzina M, Huber JM, Gamerith G, Koeck S, Bitsche M, Lorenz E, Zwierzina H. Abstract 316: Development of a novel 3D cancer model by cultivation of malignant effusions in a 3D cell culture system. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Metastatic spread and the occurrence of tumour cell resistance to therapeutic interventions can be induced by different molecular processes. Among those, tumour stroma interactions play a crucial role. So far only few cell culture models exist to study these cell processes.
Therefore, we describe the development of a hanging drop technology for 3D culture of primary cells isolated from malignant effusion obtained from cancer patients.
Methods: A 96-well hanging drop microtiter plate (InSphero AG, Zürich, Switzerland) was applied for the 3D cultivation of cells. Primary cells were isolated either from malignant ascites or pleura effusion of cancer patients. Cells were seeded either into 2D cell culture plates or into hanging drops for an incubation period of ten days. Apart from conventional histology (H&E), protein expression was displayed immunohistochemically (IHC) and by flow cytometry. The applied antibodies displayed the expression of e-cadherin, vimentin, Ki67, CD31, CD45, Epcam, Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). In addition, viability of all samples was determined by an AnnexinV/Propidium Iodide staining using flow cytometry.
Results: Microtissue aggregation differed significantly depending on whether the malignant cell effusions displayed expression of Epcam. Effusions consisting of a high number of Epcam positive cells formed solid and viable microtissues. The viability of microtissues remained high (>80%) similar to cells cultivated in 2D cell culture plates. Tumour cells, defined as e-cadherin and Epcam positive by flow cytometry were still detected in microtissues after ten days of incubation in 3D.
Furthermore, endothelial cells, defined as CD31 and Lgr5 positive could also be discriminated in microtissues.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that our method is a promising tool for the generation of tumour microtissues consisting of primary isolated cells from malignant effusions. Therefore, our technology represents a promising method to investigate tumour stroma interactions in an in vitro system that reflects more closely the in vivo environment.
Citation Format: Arno Amann, Marit Zwierzina, Julia M. Huber, Gabriele Gamerith, Stefan Koeck, Mario Bitsche, Edith Lorenz, Heinz Zwierzina. Development of a novel 3D cancer model by cultivation of malignant effusions in a 3D cell culture system. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 316. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-316
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Amann
- 1Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marit Zwierzina
- 2Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia M. Huber
- 1Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gabriele Gamerith
- 1Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Koeck
- 1Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mario Bitsche
- 2Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edith Lorenz
- 1Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heinz Zwierzina
- 1Medical University Innsbruck, Department of Haematology and Oncology, Innsbruck, Austria
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Amann A, Steiner N, Gunsilius E. Bevacizumab: an option for refractory epistaxis in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2015; 127:631-4. [PMID: 25986996 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-015-0789-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent epistaxis in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) patients significantly decreases their quality of life. Treatment in therapy refractory patients is limited although various options have been tested so far. CASE REPORT Herein, one patient is described that was treated for HHT for over 20 years with only intermediate benefits. As epistaxis duration and frequency increased continuously, bevacizumab 5 mg/kg was administered every 2 weeks. During the time of treatment (six doses) and up to 3 month afterwards clinical symptoms, blood pressure, cardiac output, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), bleeding duration and frequency were assessed as criteria for treatment benefit. RESULTS Duration and frequency of epistaxis decreased immediately after the first application resulting in reduced need of blood transfusions. After completion of six cycles, a further decrease in frequency and duration of bleeding was noted. Cardiac output and PAH decreased or remained stable, respectively, during time and after treatment. No increase in blood pressure could be found but a significant increase in heart rate was experienced after completion of all six applications. Unfortunately, the patient died due to a cerebral abscess. CONCLUSION Bevacizumab led to an improvement of HHT related epistaxis, refractory to other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V (Haematology and Oncology), Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria,
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Szabó A, Ruzsanyi V, Unterkofler K, Mohácsi Á, Tuboly E, Boros M, Szabó G, Hinterhuber H, Amann A. Exhaled methane concentration profiles during exercise on an ergometer. J Breath Res 2015; 9:016009. [PMID: 25749807 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/9/1/016009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Exhaled methane concentration measurements are extensively used in medical investigation of certain gastrointestinal conditions. However, the dynamics of endogenous methane release is largely unknown. Breath methane profiles during ergometer tests were measured by means of a photoacoustic spectroscopy based sensor. Five methane-producing volunteers (with exhaled methane level being at least 1 ppm higher than room air) were measured. The experimental protocol consisted of 5 min rest--15 min pedalling (at a workload of 75 W)--5 min rest. In addition, hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were determined and compared to the estimated alveolar methane concentration. The alveolar breath methane level decreased considerably, by a factor of 3-4 within 1.5 min, while the estimated ventilation-perfusion ratio increased by a factor of 2-3. Mean pre-exercise and exercise methane concentrations were 11.4 ppm (SD:7.3) and 2.8 ppm (SD:1.9), respectively. The changes can be described by the high sensitivity of exhaled methane to ventilation-perfusion ratio and are in line with the Farhi equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Szabó
- MTA-SZTE Research Group on Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, Dóm tér 9, 6720 Szeged, Hungary. Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 9, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Simão C, Tuchapsky D, Khunsin W, Amann A, Morris MA, Torres CMS. Dimensional and defectivity nanometrology of directed self-assembly patterns. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pssc.201400211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Amann A, Zwierzina M, Huber JM, Gamerith G, Bitsche M, Pechriggl EJ, Hilbe W, Zwierzina H. Abstract 2017: Development of a novel 3D tri-culture system in an in vitro non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) model. Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Different molecular processes lead to metastatic spread and the occurrence of tumor cell resistance to therapeutic interventions. Among them, the stromal compartment of tumors plays a key role. We describe the development of our 3D co-culture to a novel tri-culture model, using non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines in combination with a lung fibroblast and two different endothelial cell lines in a hanging drop technology.
Methods: 96-well hanging drop microtiter plates (InSphero AG, Zürich, Switzerland) were applied for the production of 3D mono-, co- and tri-cultures including the human lung cancer cell lines A549 or Colo699 alone or in combination with a human lung fibroblast cell line (SV-80) and either the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (HUVEC) or the human lung microvascular endothelial cell line (HMVEC-L). In addition, to conventional histology (H&E, PAS) tumor fibroblast spheroid aggregation was displayed immunohistochemically (IHC) by protein expression of e-cadherin, vimentin, Ki67, CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Viability of each cell compartment of the microtissue was determined by a modified AnnexinV/Propidium Iodide staining for flow cytometry.
Results: Endothelial cells aggregated either in small colonies with Colo699 or as single cells mainly in the stromal compartment of A540 microtissues. Simultaneously an up-regulation of vimentin and a downregulation of E-Cadherin was observed in co- and tri-cultures compared to monocultures. Furthermore, Ki67 expression increased significantly from mono- to co- and tri-cultures in both cancer cell lines, indicating a high metabolic activity. In addition, a morphological alteration of A549 tumor cells resembling “signet ring cells” was observed for the first time in both endothelial tri-cultures with a significantly increased glycoprotein expression demonstrated by a Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain.
Conclusion: We demonstrate that our method is a promising tool for the generation of multicellular tumor microtissues and reflects in vivo conditions closer than traditional 2D cell culture. Furthermore, it represents an appropriate alternative method to investigate endothelial cell interactions with tumor and stromal cells.
Citation Format: Arno Amann, Marit Zwierzina, Julia M. Huber, Gabriele Gamerith, Mario Bitsche, Elisabeth J. Pechriggl, Wolfgang Hilbe, Heinz Zwierzina. Development of a novel 3D tri-culture system in an in vitro non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2017. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2017
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Amann
- Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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O'Shea D, Osborne S, Blackbeard N, Goulding D, Kelleher B, Amann A. Experimental classification of dynamical regimes in optically injected lasers. Opt Express 2014; 22:21701-21710. [PMID: 25321546 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.021701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a reliable and fast technique to experimentally categorise the dynamical state of optically injected two mode and single mode lasers. Based on the experimentally obtained time-traces locked, unlocked and chaotic states are distinguished for varying injection strength and detuning. For the two mode laser, the resulting experimental stability diagram provides a map of the various single mode and two mode regimes and the transitions between them. This stability diagram is in strong agreement with the theoretical predictions from low-dimensional dynamical models for two mode lasers. We also apply our method to the single mode laser and retain the close agreement between theory and experiment.
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Pircher A, Gamerith G, Amann A, Reinold S, Popper H, Gächter A, Pall G, Wöll E, Jamnig H, Gastl G, Wolf AM, Hilbe W, Wolf D. Neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy modifies CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Lung Cancer 2014; 85:81-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Gamerith G, Mommertz T, Schmid T, Amann A, Augustin F, Hilbe W, Fiegl M. Radical Surgery as treatment option in advanced NSCLC – a retrospective analyses of 80 NSCLC patients of the TYROL lung cancer registry. Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Amann A, Zwierzina M, Huber J, Gamerith G, Bitsche M, Pechriggl E, Hilbe W, Zwierzina H. Development of a novel 3D tri-culture system in an in vitro non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) model. Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Amann A, Zwierzina M, Gamerith G, Bitsche M, Huber JM, Vogel GF, Blumer M, Koeck S, Pechriggl EJ, Kelm JM, Hilbe W, Zwierzina H. Development of an innovative 3D cell culture system to study tumour--stroma interactions in non-small cell lung cancer cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92511. [PMID: 24663399 PMCID: PMC3963897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We describe a novel 3D co-culture model using non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines in combination with lung fibroblasts. This model allows the investigation of tumour-stroma interactions and addresses the importance of having a more in vivo like cell culture model. Methods Automation-compatible multi-well hanging drop microtiter plates were used for the production of 3D mono- and co-cultures. In these hanging drops the two NSCLC cell lines A549 and Colo699 were cultivated either alone or co-cultured with lung fibroblasts. The viability of tumour spheroids was confirmed after five and ten days by using Annexin V/Propidium Iodide staining for flow-cytometry. Tumour fibroblast spheroid formation was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), semi-thin sections, fluorescence microscope and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In addition to conventional histology, protein expression of E-Cadherin, vimentin, Ki67, fibronectin, cytokeratin 7 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was investigated by IHC. Results Lower viability was observed in A549 monocultures compared to co-cultures, whereas Colo699 monocultures showed better viability compared to co-cultures. Ki67 expression varied significantly between mono- and co-cultures in both tumour cell lines. An increase of vimentin and decreased E-Cadherin expression could be detected during the course of the cultivation suggesting a transition to a more mesenchymal phenotype. Furthermore, the fibroblast cell line showed an expression of α-SMA only in co-culture with the cancer cell line A549, thereby indicating a mesenchymal to mesenchymal shift to an even more myofibroblast phenotype. Conclusion We demonstrate that our method is a promising tool for the generation of tumour spheroid co-cultures. Furthermore, these spheroids allow the investigation of tumour-stroma interactions and a better reflection of in vivo conditions of cancer cells in their microenvironment. Our method holds potential to contribute to the development of anti-cancer agents and support the search for biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Marit Zwierzina
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Gabriele Gamerith
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Mario Bitsche
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Julia M. Huber
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Georg F. Vogel
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Michael Blumer
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Stefan Koeck
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Elisabeth J. Pechriggl
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Jens M. Kelm
- InSphero AG, Schlieren, Canton of Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Hilbe
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Heinz Zwierzina
- Department of Internal Medicine V, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
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