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Tan W, Chen J, Wang Y, Xiang K, Lu X, Han Q, Hou M, Yang J. Single-cell RNA sequencing in diabetic kidney disease: a literature review. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2387428. [PMID: 39099183 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2387428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and its pathogenesis has not been clarified. Current research suggests that DKD involves multiple cell types and extra-renal factors, and it is particularly important to clarify the pathogenesis and identify new therapeutic targets. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology is high-throughput sequencing of the transcriptomes of individual cells at the single-cell level, which is an effective technology for exploring the development of diseases by comparing genetic information, reflecting the differences in genetic information between cells, and identifying different cell subpopulations. Accumulating evidence supports the role of scRNA-seq in revealing the pathogenesis of diabetes and strengthening our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of DKD. We reviewed the scRNA-seq data this time. Then, we analyzed and discussed the applications of scRNA-seq technology in DKD research, including annotation of cell types, identification of novel cell types (or subtypes), identification of intercellular communication, analysis of cell differentiation trajectories, gene expression detection, and analysis of gene regulatory networks, and lastly, we explored the future perspectives of scRNA-seq technology in DKD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tan
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaoyan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunyan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kui Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianqiong Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuyu Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyue Hou
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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2
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Long Q, Zhang P, Ou Y, Li W, Yan Q, Yuan X. Single-cell sequencing advances in research on mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Hum Cell 2024; 37:904-916. [PMID: 38743204 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), originating from the mesoderm, represent a multifunctional stem cell population capable of differentiating into diverse cell types and exhibiting a wide range of biological functions. Despite more than half a century of research, MSCs continue to be among the most extensively studied cell types in clinical research projects globally. However, their significant heterogeneity and phenotypic instability have significantly hindered their exploration and application. Single-cell sequencing technology emerges as a powerful tool to address these challenges, offering precise dissection of complex cellular samples. It uncovers the genetic structure and gene expression status of individual contained cells on a massive scale and reveals the heterogeneity among these cells. It links the molecular characteristics of MSCs with their clinical applications, contributing to the advancement of regenerative medicine. With the development and cost reduction of single-cell analysis techniques, sequencing technology is now widely applied in fundamental research and clinical trials. This study aimed to review the application of single-cell sequencing in MSC research and assess its prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxi Long
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Pingshu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Ya Ou
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Xiaodong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, Affiliated North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, China.
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function, Tangshan, 063000, China.
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3
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Ma X, Guo J, Tian M, Fu Y, Jiang P, Zhang Y, Chai R. Advance and Application of Single-cell Transcriptomics in Auditory Research. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:963-980. [PMID: 38015350 PMCID: PMC11250760 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01149-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss and deafness, as a worldwide disability disease, have been troubling human beings. However, the auditory organ of the inner ear is highly heterogeneous and has a very limited number of cells, which are largely uncharacterized in depth. Recently, with the development and utilization of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), researchers have been able to unveil the complex and sophisticated biological mechanisms of various types of cells in the auditory organ at the single-cell level and address the challenges of cellular heterogeneity that are not resolved through by conventional bulk RNA sequencing (bulk RNA-seq). Herein, we reviewed the application of scRNA-seq technology in auditory research, with the aim of providing a reference for the development of auditory organs, the pathogenesis of hearing loss, and regenerative therapy. Prospects about spatial transcriptomic scRNA-seq, single-cell based genome, and Live-seq technology will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jiamin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Mengyao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yaoyang Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University school of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 101408, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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4
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Chang JT, Liu LB, Wang PG, An J. Single-cell RNA sequencing to understand host-virus interactions. Virol Sin 2024; 39:1-8. [PMID: 38008383 PMCID: PMC10877424 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has allowed for the profiling of host and virus transcripts and host-virus interactions at single-cell resolution. This review summarizes the existing scRNA-seq technologies together with their strengths and weaknesses. The applications of scRNA-seq in various virological studies are discussed in depth, which broaden the understanding of the immune atlas, host-virus interactions, and immune repertoire. scRNA-seq can be widely used for virology in the near future to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms and discover more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Tong Chang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li-Bo Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Pei-Gang Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Jing An
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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London CA, Gardner H, Zhao S, Knapp DW, Utturkar SM, Duval DL, Chambers MR, Ostrander E, Trent JM, Kuffel G. Leading the pack: Best practices in comparative canine cancer genomics to inform human oncology. Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:565-577. [PMID: 37778398 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Pet dogs develop spontaneous cancers at a rate estimated to be five times higher than that of humans, providing a unique opportunity to study disease biology and evaluate novel therapeutic strategies in a model system that possesses an intact immune system and mirrors key aspects of human cancer biology. Despite decades of interest, effective utilization of pet dog cancers has been hindered by a limited repertoire of necessary cellular and molecular reagents for both in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as a dearth of information regarding the genomic landscape of these cancers. Recently, many of these critical gaps have been addressed through the generation of a highly annotated canine reference genome, the creation of several tools necessary for multi-omic analysis of canine tumours, and the development of a centralized repository for key genomic and associated clinical information from canine cancer patients, the Integrated Canine Data Commons. Together, these advances have catalysed multidisciplinary efforts designed to integrate the study of pet dog cancers more effectively into the translational continuum, with the ultimate goal of improving human outcomes. The current review summarizes this recent progress and provides a guide to resources and tools available for comparative study of pet dog cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl A London
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Heather Gardner
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shaying Zhao
- University of Georgia Cancer Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Deborah W Knapp
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Sagar M Utturkar
- Purdue Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Dawn L Duval
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Elaine Ostrander
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Trent
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Gina Kuffel
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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6
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Schweizer L. Drug Intelligence Science (DIS®): Pioneering a high-resolution translational platform to enhance the probability of success for drug discovery and development. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103795. [PMID: 37805064 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Translational research has a crucial role in bridging the gap between basic biology discoveries and their clinical applications. Deep scientific understanding and advanced technology platforms are both crucial for translational research. Here, I describe a novel integrated Drug Intelligence Science (DIS®) translational platform that combines single cell technology with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to gain insights into high-resolution cell biology, thus enabling the discovery of disease-relevant targets, high-quality drug candidates, and predictive biomarkers. The innovative DIS® approach has the potential to provide unprecedented mechanistic understanding of human diseases and enable in-depth pharmacological profiling of drug candidates to increase the probability of success (POS) in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Schweizer
- HiFiBiO Therapeutics, 237 Putnam Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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7
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Huang D, Ma N, Li X, Gou Y, Duan Y, Liu B, Xia J, Zhao X, Wang X, Li Q, Rao J, Zhang X. Advances in single-cell RNA sequencing and its applications in cancer research. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:98. [PMID: 37612741 PMCID: PMC10463514 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01494-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers are a group of heterogeneous diseases characterized by the acquisition of functional capabilities during the transition from a normal to a neoplastic state. Powerful experimental and computational tools can be applied to elucidate the mechanisms of occurrence, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance; however, challenges remain. Bulk RNA sequencing techniques only reflect the average gene expression in a sample, making it difficult to understand tumor heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment. The emergence and development of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies have provided opportunities to understand subtle changes in tumor biology by identifying distinct cell subpopulations, dissecting the tumor microenvironment, and characterizing cellular genomic mutations. Recently, scRNA-seq technology has been increasingly used in cancer studies to explore tumor heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment, which has increased the understanding of tumorigenesis and evolution. This review summarizes the basic processes and development of scRNA-seq technologies and their increasing applications in cancer research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Huang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Naya Ma
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Xinlei Li
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Yang Gou
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Yishuo Duan
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Bangdong Liu
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Jing Xia
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Xianlan Zhao
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
| | - Jun Rao
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Xi Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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Liu Z, Wu D, Zhai W, Ma L. SONAR enables cell type deconvolution with spatially weighted Poisson-Gamma model for spatial transcriptomics. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4727. [PMID: 37550279 PMCID: PMC10406862 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in spatial transcriptomic technologies have enabled the measurement of whole transcriptome profiles with preserved spatial context. However, limited by spatial resolution, the measured expressions at each spot are often from a mixture of multiple cells. Computational deconvolution methods designed for spatial transcriptomic data rarely make use of the valuable spatial information as well as the neighboring similarity information. Here, we propose SONAR, a Spatially weighted pOissoN-gAmma Regression model for cell-type deconvolution with spatial transcriptomic data. SONAR directly models the raw counts of spatial transcriptomic data and applies a geographically weighted regression framework that incorporates neighboring information to enhance local estimation of regional cell type composition. In addition, SONAR applies an additional elastic weighting step to adaptively filter dissimilar neighbors, which effectively prevents the introduction of local estimation bias in transition regions with sharp boundaries. We demonstrate the performance of SONAR over other state-of-the-art methods on synthetic data with various spatial patterns. We find that SONAR can accurately map region-specific cell types in real spatial transcriptomic data including mouse brain, human heart and human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We further show that SONAR can reveal the detailed distributions and fine-grained co-localization of immune cells within the microenvironment at the tumor-normal tissue margin in human liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Dafei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223, Kunming, China.
| | - Liang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
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Jeckel AM, Beran F, Züst T, Younkin G, Petschenka G, Pokharel P, Dreisbach D, Ganal-Vonarburg SC, Robert CAM. Metabolization and sequestration of plant specialized metabolites in insect herbivores: Current and emerging approaches. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1001032. [PMID: 36237530 PMCID: PMC9552321 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbivorous insects encounter diverse plant specialized metabolites (PSMs) in their diet, that have deterrent, anti-nutritional, or toxic properties. Understanding how they cope with PSMs is crucial to understand their biology, population dynamics, and evolution. This review summarizes current and emerging cutting-edge methods that can be used to characterize the metabolic fate of PSMs, from ingestion to excretion or sequestration. It further emphasizes a workflow that enables not only to study PSM metabolism at different scales, but also to tackle and validate the genetic and biochemical mechanisms involved in PSM resistance by herbivores. This review thus aims at facilitating research on PSM-mediated plant-herbivore interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Moriguchi Jeckel
- Laboratory of Chemical Ecology, Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Franziska Beran
- Department of Insect Symbiosis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Züst
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gordon Younkin
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Georg Petschenka
- Department of Applied Entomology, Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Prayan Pokharel
- Department of Applied Entomology, Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Domenic Dreisbach
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Christine Ganal-Vonarburg
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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