1
|
Farman RM, Archer M, Hand SJ. A geometric morphometric analysis of variation in Australian frog ilia and taxonomic interpretations. J Morphol 2023; 284:e21642. [PMID: 37708503 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Anurans including frogs and toads exhibit an ilium that is often regarded as taxonomically diagnostic. The ilium, one of the three paired bones that make up the pelvic girdle, has been important in the fossil record for identifying anuran morphotypes. Osteological collections for Australian frogs are rare in herpetological museums, and skeletonizing whole-bodied specimens requires destroying soft tissue morphology which is valuable to anuran specialists working on living species. Computed tomography scans provide the opportunity to study anuran osteology without the loss of soft tissues. Our study, based on microcomputed tomography scans of extant Australian frogs from the public repository Morphosource and from museum collections focuses on the morphological differences between Australian frogs at the familial and generic levels using geometric morphometrics to compare the diagnostic shape of the ilium. Principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical variate analysis (CVA) were conducted to assess differences in the ilium between supraspecific groups of Australian frogs. The canonical variates analysis accurately predicted group membership (i.e., the correct family) with up to 76.2% success for cross-validated predictions and 100% of original group predictions. While the sample was limited to familial and generic level analyses, our research shows that ilial morphology in Australian frogs is taxonomically informative. This research provides a guide for identifying Australian anurans, including fossils, as well as new information relevant to considerations about their phylogenetic relationships, and the potential use of the fossil record to enhance efforts to conserve threatened living frog species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roy M Farman
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Archer
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Hand
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pandelis GG, Grundler MC, Rabosky DL. Ecological correlates of cranial evolution in the megaradiation of dipsadine snakes. BMC Ecol Evol 2023; 23:48. [PMID: 37679675 PMCID: PMC10485986 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-023-02157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dipsadine snakes represent one of the most spectacular vertebrate radiations that have occurred in any continental setting, with over 800 species in South and Central America. Their species richness is paralleled by stunning ecological diversity, ranging from arboreal snail-eating and aquatic eel-eating specialists to terrestrial generalists. Despite the ecological importance of this clade, little is known about the extent to which ecological specialization shapes broader patterns of phenotypic diversity within the group. Here, we test how habitat use and diet have influenced morphological diversification in skull shape across 160 dipsadine species using micro-CT and 3-D geometric morphometrics, and we use a phylogenetic comparative approach to test the contributions of habitat use and diet composition to variation in skull shape among species. RESULTS We demonstrate that while both habitat use and diet are significant predictors of shape in many regions of the skull, habitat use significantly predicts shape in a greater number of skull regions when compared to diet. We also find that across ecological groupings, fossorial and aquatic behaviors result in the strongest deviations in morphospace for several skull regions. We use simulations to address the robustness of our results and describe statistical anomalies that can arise from the application of phylogenetic generalized least squares to complex shape data. CONCLUSIONS Both habitat and dietary ecology are significantly correlated with skull shape in dipsadines; the strongest relationships involved skull shape in snakes with aquatic and fossorial lifestyles. This association between skull morphology and multiple ecological axes is consistent with a classic model of adaptive radiation and suggests that ecological factors were an important component in driving morphological diversification in the dipsadine megaradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory G Pandelis
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA.
- Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA.
- Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019, USA.
| | - Michael C Grundler
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
- Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Daniel L Rabosky
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
- Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Leavey A, Ruta M, Richards CT, Porro LB. Locomotor, ecological and phylogenetic drivers of skeletal proportions in frogs. J Anat 2023; 243:404-420. [PMID: 37203401 PMCID: PMC10439368 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Frogs exhibit complex anatomical features of the pelvis, limbs and spine, long assumed to represent specialisations for jumping. Yet frogs employ a wide range of locomotor modes, with several taxa featuring primary locomotor modes other than jumping. Using a combination of techniques (CT imaging and 3D visualization, morphometrics, phylogenetic mapping), this study aims to determine the link between skeletal anatomy and locomotor style, habitat type and phylogenetic history, shedding new light on how functional demands impact morphology. Body and limb measurements for 164 taxa from all the recognised anuran families are extracted from digitally segmented CT scans of whole frog skeletons and analysed using various statistical techniques. We find that the expansion of the sacral diapophyses is the most important variable for predicting locomotor mode, which was more closely correlated with frog morphology than either habitat type or phylogenetic relationships. Predictive analyses suggest that skeletal morphology is a useful indicator of jumping but less so for other locomotor modes, suggesting that there is a wide range of anatomical solutions to performing locomotor styles such as swimming, burrowing or walking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Leavey
- Centre for Integrative Anatomy, Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity College LondonLondon
- Structure and Motion LaboratoryRoyal Veterinary College ‐ Camden Campus, Comparative Biomedical SciencesLondon
| | - Marcello Ruta
- Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Lincoln, Joseph Banks LaboratoriesLincolnshireUnited Kingdom
| | - Christopher T. Richards
- Structure and Motion LaboratoryRoyal Veterinary College ‐ Camden Campus, Comparative Biomedical SciencesLondon
| | - Laura B. Porro
- Centre for Integrative Anatomy, Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity College LondonLondon
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Adler KA, De Nault DL, Cardoza CM, Womack M. Evolutionary rates and shape variation along the anuran vertebral column with attention to phylogeny, body size, and ecology. Evolution 2022; 76:2724-2738. [PMID: 36117276 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The vertebral column is critical to a vertebrate species' flexibility and skeletal support, making vertebrae a clear target for selection. Anurans (frogs and toads) have a unique, truncated vertebral column that appears constrained to provide axial rigidity for efficient jumping. However, no study has examined how presacral vertebrae shape varies among anuran species at the macroevolutionary scale nor how intrinsic (developmental and phylogenetic) and extrinsic (ecological) factors may have influenced vertebrae shape evolution. We used microCT scans and phylogenetic comparative methods to examine the vertebrae of hundreds of anuran species that vary in body size as well as adult and larval ecology. We found variation in shape and evolutionary rates among anuran vertebrae, dispelling any notion that trunk vertebrae evolve uniformly. We discovered the highest evolutionary rates in the cervical vertebrae and in the more caudal trunk vertebrae. We found little evidence for selection pressures related to adult or larval ecology affecting vertebrae evolution, but we did find body size was highly associated with vertebrae shape and microhabitat (mainly burrowing) affected those allometric relationships. Our results provide an interesting comparison to vertebrae evolution in other clades and a jumping-off point for studies of anuran vertebrae evolution and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie A Adler
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Diego L De Nault
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Cassandra M Cardoza
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Molly Womack
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720.,Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Keeffe R, Blackburn DC. Diversity and function of the fused anuran radioulna. J Anat 2022; 241:1026-1038. [PMID: 35962544 PMCID: PMC9482697 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In tetrapods, fusion between elements of the appendicular skeleton is thought to facilitate rapid movements during running, flying, and jumping. Although such fusion is widespread, frogs stand out because adults of all living species exhibit fusion of the zeugopod elements (radius and ulna, tibia and fibula), regardless of jumping ability or locomotor mode. To better understand what drives the maintenance of limb bone fusion in frogs, we use finite element modeling methods to assess the functional consequences of fusion in the anuran radioulna, the forearm bone of frogs that is important to both locomotion and mating behavior (amplexus). Using CT scans of museum specimens, measurement tools, and mesh‐editing software, we evaluated how different degrees of fusion between the radius and ulna affect the von Mises stress and bending resistance of the radioulna in three loading scenarios: landing, amplexus, and long‐axis loading conditions. We find that the semi‐fused state observed in the radioulna exhibits less von Mises stress and more resistance to bending than unfused or completely fused models in all three scenarios. Our results suggest that radioulna morphology is optimized to minimize von Mises stress across different loading regimes while also minimizing volume. We contextualize our findings in an evaluation of the diversity of anuran radioulnae, which reveals unique, permanent pronation of the radioulna in frogs and substantial variation in wall thickness. This work provides new insight into the functional consequences of limb bone fusion in anuran evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Keeffe
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - David C Blackburn
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ziermann JM, Fratani J. Fascinating adaptations in amphibians. ZOOL ANZ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
7
|
Contextual, Taphonomic, and Paleoecological Insights from Anurans on Tiwanaku Sites in Southern Peru. QUATERNARY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/quat5010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We examine the processes that resulted in the deposition of bones of at least three anuran genera on four archaeological sites associated with the Tiwanaku culture occupied between 700–1100 CE in the Moquegua Valley of far southern Peru. We review archaeological data and ethnographic accounts of Andean peoples using frogs and toads for food and in rain-quest rituals. Anuran bones are common in prehispanic cemeteries, but far less common in habitational and ceremonial sites. The quantity of anuran remains in certain cemeteries is anomalous in comparison to other archaeological sites in the valley and to Tiwanaku sites in other geographic settings. We conclude that anurans are most common where abandoned below-ground rock-covered tombs are likely to have been reused by nesting owls, and propose that most anuran remains in archaeological contexts in Moquegua are the result of predation. We consider environmental, cultural and taphonomic explanations and posit that the abundance of anuran remains relates to the 14th-century Miraflores ENSO event. This event generated increased rainfall in the desert, creating conditions favorable for frogs and toads, and predation by owls. We also advocate for the use of fine-screening to recover small-sized animal remains, such as anurans, that can be used to understand taphonomic processes and paleoenvironmental conditions.
Collapse
|
8
|
A decharming metamorphosis: The larval and adult morphology of the common spadefoot toad, Pelobates fuscus. ZOOL ANZ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
9
|
Blotto BL, Biju SD, Pereyra MO, Araujo-Vieira K, Faivovich J, Grant T. Hand and foot musculature of Sooglossoidea: synapomorphies, convergences and hind limb digging behaviour in anurans. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blab145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We describe the hand and foot musculature of the fossorial Indian purple frog, Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis, and compare it to other members of Sooglossoidea: the Seychellean sooglossid genera Sechellophryne and Sooglossus. Due to the key phylogenetic position of Sooglossoidea, we compare its members with the diversity of Anura and define 52 characters from the hand and foot musculature, among which 26 are novel hypotheses of homology. We found several synapomorphies for Sooglossus, Sooglossidae, Nasikabatrachidae and Sooglossoidea. Additionally, we (1) propose synapomorphies for diverse anuran clades at different taxonomic levels, (2) re-evaluate the identity of some conflicting plantar and palmar muscles in the context of Batrachia and (3) discuss putative adaptations to hind limb digging behaviour resulting from morphological convergences. The lack of a clear pattern of convergences among hind limb digging species suggests the occurrence of a phenomenon of many-to-one mapping from form to function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris L Blotto
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’–CONICET, Av. Angel Gallardo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S D Biju
- Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Martín O Pereyra
- Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva ‘Claudio J. Bidau’, Instituto de Biología Subtropical–CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, N3300LQF Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Katyuscia Araujo-Vieira
- División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’–CONICET, Av. Angel Gallardo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidade and Centro de Aquicultura, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julián Faivovich
- División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’–CONICET, Av. Angel Gallardo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Taran Grant
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Coleção de Anfíbios, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fouquet A, Leblanc K, Fabre AC, Rodrigues MT, Menin M, Courtois EA, Dewynter M, Hölting M, Ernst R, Peloso P, Kok PJ. Comparative osteology of the fossorial frogs of the genus Synapturanus (Anura, Microhylidae) with the description of three new species from the Eastern Guiana Shield. ZOOL ANZ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
11
|
Deforel F, Duport-Bru AS, Rosset SD, Baldo D, Candioti FV. Osteological Atlas of Melanophryniscus (Anura, Bufonidae): A Synthesis after 150 Years of Skeletal Studies in the Genus. HERPETOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS 2021. [DOI: 10.1655/herpmonographs-d-20-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Facundo Deforel
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET - FML), 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | | | - Sergio Daniel Rosset
- Sección Herpetología, División Zoología Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Diego Baldo
- Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva “Claudio Juan Bidau,” Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET - UNaM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, 3300 Posadas, Argentina
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Stepanova N, Bauer AM. Phylogenetic history influences convergence for a specialized ecology: comparative skull morphology of African burrowing skinks (Squamata; Scincidae). BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:86. [PMID: 33993867 PMCID: PMC8127277 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01821-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skulls serve many functions and as a result, are subject to many different evolutionary pressures. In squamates, many fossorial species occupy a unique region of skull morphospace, showing convergence across families, due to modifications related to head-first burrowing. As different substrates have variable physical properties, particular skull shapes may offer selective advantages in certain substrates. Despite this, studies of variation within burrowers have been limited and are typically focused on a single origin of fossoriality. We focused on seven skink genera (Acontias, Typhlosaurus, Scelotes, Sepsina, Feylinia, Typhlacontias, and Mochlus; 39 sp.) from southern Africa, encompassing at least three independent evolutions of semi-fossoriality/fossoriality. We used microCT scans and geometric morphometrics to test how cranial and mandibular shape were influenced by phylogenetic history, size, and ecology. We also qualitatively described the skulls of four species to look at variation across phylogenetic and functional levels, and assess the degree of convergence. Results We found a strong effect of phylogenetic history on cranial and mandibular shape, with size and substrate playing secondary roles. There was a clear gradient in morphospace from less specialized to more specialized burrowers and burrowers in sand were significantly different from those in other substrates. We also created an anatomical atlas for four species with each element described in isolation. Every bone showed some variation in shape and relative scaling of features, with the skull roofing bones, septomaxilla, vomer, and palatine showing the most variation. We showed how broad-scale convergence in traits related to fossoriality can be the result of different anatomical changes. Conclusions Our study used geometric morphometrics and comparative anatomy to examine how skull morphology changes for a highly specialized and demanding lifestyle. Although there was broad convergence in both shape and qualitative traits, phylogenetic history played a large role and much of this convergence was produced by different anatomical changes, implying different developmental pathways or lineage-specific constraints. Even within a single family, adaptation for a specialized ecology does not follow a singular deterministic path. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12862-021-01821-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Stepanova
- Department of Biology and Center for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Stewardship, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA. .,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Aaron M Bauer
- Department of Biology and Center for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Stewardship, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kunisch S, Blüml V, Schwaha T, Beisser CJ, Handschuh S, Lemell P. Digital dissection of the head of the frogs Calyptocephalella gayi and Leptodactylus pentadactylus with emphasis on the feeding apparatus. J Anat 2021; 239:391-404. [PMID: 33713453 PMCID: PMC8273601 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro‐computed tomography (microCT) of small animals has led to a more detailed and more accurate three‐dimensional (3D) view on different anatomical structures in the last years. Here, we present the cranial anatomy of two frog species providing descriptions of bone structures and soft tissues of the feeding apparatus with comments to possible relations to habitat and feeding ecology. Calyptocephalella gayi, known for its aquatic lifestyle, is not restricted to aquatic feeding but also feeds terrestrially using lingual prehension. This called for a detailed investigation of the morphology of its feeding apparatus and a comparison to a fully terrestrial species that is known to feed by lingual prehension such as Leptodactylus pentadactylus. These two frog species are of similar size, feed on similar diet but within different main habitats. MicroCT scans of both species were conducted in order to reconstruct the complete anatomical condition of the whole feeding apparatus for the first time. Differences in this regard are evident in the tongue musculature, which in L. pentadactylus is more massively built and with a broader interdigitating area of the two main muscles, the protractor musculus genioglossus and the retractor musculus hyoglossus. In contrast, the hyoid retractor (m. sternohyoideus) is more massive in the aquatic species C. gayi. Moreover, due to the different skull morphology, the origins of two of the five musculi adductores vary between the species. This study brings new insights into the relation of the anatomy of the feeding apparatus to the preferred feeding method via 3D imaging techniques. Contrary to the terrestrially feeding L. pentadactylus, the skeletal and muscular adaptations of the aquatic species C. gayi provide a clear picture of necessities prescribed by the habitat. Nevertheless, by keeping a certain amount of flexibility of the design of its feeding apparatus, C. gayi is able to employ various methods of feeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kunisch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Valentin Blüml
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Schwaha
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Josef Beisser
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Patrick Lemell
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fouquet A, Leblanc K, Framit M, Réjaud A, Rodrigues MT, Castroviejo-Fisher S, Peloso PLV, Prates I, Manzi S, Suescun U, Baroni S, Moraes LJCL, Recoder R, de Souza SM, Dal Vecchio F, Camacho A, Ghellere JM, Rojas-Runjaic FJM, Gagliardi-Urrutia G, de Carvalho VT, Gordo M, Menin M, Kok PJR, Hrbek T, Werneck FP, Crawford AJ, Ron SR, Mueses-Cisneros JJ, Rojas Zamora RR, Pavan D, Ivo Simões P, Ernst R, Fabre AC. Species diversity and biogeography of an ancient frog clade from the Guiana Shield (Anura: Microhylidae: Adelastes, Otophryne, Synapturanus) exhibiting spectacular phenotypic diversification. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The outstanding biodiversity of the Guiana Shield has raised many questions about its origins and evolution. Frogs of the genera Adelastes, Otophryne and Synapturanus form an ancient lineage distributed mostly across this region. These genera display strikingly disparate morphologies and life-history traits. Notably, Synapturanus is conspicuously adapted to fossoriality and is the only genus within this group to have dispersed further into Amazonia. Moreover, morphological differences among Synapturanus species suggest different degrees of fossoriality that might be linked to their biogeographical history. Through integrative analysis of genetic, morphometric and acoustic data, we delimited 25 species in this clade, representing a fourfold increase. We found that the entire clade started to diversify ~55 Mya and Synapturanus ~30 Mya. Members of this genus probably dispersed three times out of the Guiana Shield both before and after the Pebas system, a wetland ecosystem occupying most of Western Amazonia during the Miocene. Using a three-dimensional osteological dataset, we characterized a high morphological disparity across the three genera. Within Synapturanus, we further characterized distinct phenotypes that emerged concomitantly with dispersals during the Miocene and possibly represent adaptations to different habitats, such as soils with different physical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Fouquet
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 4R1 31062 cedex 9, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France
| | - Killian Leblanc
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 4R1 31062 cedex 9, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France
| | - Marlene Framit
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 4R1 31062 cedex 9, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexandre Réjaud
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 4R1 31062 cedex 9, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France
| | - Miguel T Rodrigues
- Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Santiago Castroviejo-Fisher
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados/Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro L V Peloso
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, R. Augusto Corrêa, 1, Guamá, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Ivan Prates
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sophie Manzi
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 4R1 31062 cedex 9, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France
| | - Uxue Suescun
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 4R1 31062 cedex 9, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France
| | - Sabrina Baroni
- Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro J C L Moraes
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Avenida André Araújo 2936, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Renato Recoder
- Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Marques de Souza
- Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Dal Vecchio
- Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Agustín Camacho
- Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Mario Ghellere
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados/Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando J M Rojas-Runjaic
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados/Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Sección de Herpetología, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Giussepe Gagliardi-Urrutia
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados/Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Peruvian Center for Biodiversity and Conservation (PCB&C), Iquitos, Peru
| | - Vinícius Tadeu de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Diversidade Biológica e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, 63.105-000, Crato CE, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Gordo
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Menin
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Philippe J R Kok
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, 12/16 Banacha Str., Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomas Hrbek
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Fernanda P Werneck
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Avenida André Araújo 2936, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Andrew J Crawford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago R Ron
- Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jonh Jairo Mueses-Cisneros
- Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Sur de la Amazonia-CORPOAMAZONIA, Mocoa, Putumayo, Colombia
| | - Rommel Roberto Rojas Zamora
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Dante Pavan
- Ecosfera Consultoria e Pesquisa em Meio Ambiente LTDA. Rodovia BR-259 s/n, Fazenda Bela Vista, Itapina, ES, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ivo Simões
- Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Cidade Universitária, 50760-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Raffael Ernst
- Museum of Zoology, Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne-Claire Fabre
- The Natural History Museum, London, UK
- Palaeontological Institute and Museum, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|