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Mata-Marín D, Redgrave P, Obeso I. The Impact of Emotions on Habitual Inhibition. J Cogn Neurosci 2023; 35:1868-1878. [PMID: 37677064 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Emotional information prioritizes human behavior. How much emotions influence ongoing behavior critically depends on the extent of executive control functions in a given context. One form of executive control is based on stimulus-stop associations (i.e., habitual inhibition) that rapidly and effortlessly elicits control over the interruption of ongoing behavior. So far, no behavioral accounts have explored the emotional impact on habitual inhibition. We aimed to examine the emotional modulation on habitual inhibition and associated psycho-physiological changes. A go/no-go association task asked participants to learn stimulus-stop and stimulus-response associations during 10-day training to form habitual inhibition (without emotional interference). Probabilistic feedback guided learning with varying probabilities of congruent feedback, generating stronger versus weaker pairings. A reversal test measured habitual inhibition strength counteracted by emotional cues (high-arousal positive and negative stimuli compared with neutral ones). Our training protocol induced stable behavioral and psycho-physiological responses compatible with habitual behavior. At reversal, habitual inhibition was evident as marked by significant speed costs of reversed no-go trials for strongly associated stimuli. Positive and negative emotional cues produced larger impact on habitual inhibition. We report first evidence on a cognitive control mechanism that is vulnerable to emotional stimuli and suggest alternative explanations on how emotions may boost or counteract certain behavioral abnormalities mediated by habitual inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Mata-Marín
- Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Spain
- Autonoma de Madrid University-Cajal Institute, Spain
| | | | - Ignacio Obeso
- Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Spain
- Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
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Lin WC, Chen WJ, Chen YS, Liang HY, Lu CH, Lin YP. Electroencephalogram-Driven Machine-Learning Scenario for Assessing Impulse Control Disorder Comorbidity in Parkinson's Disease Using a Low-Cost, Custom LEGO-Like Headset. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2023; 31:4106-4114. [PMID: 37819826 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2023.3323902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) may develop cognitive symptoms of impulse control disorders (ICDs) when chronically treated with dopamine agonist (DA) therapy for motor deficits. Motor and cognitive comorbidities critically increase the disability and mortality of the affected patients. This study proposes an electroencephalogram (EEG)-driven machine-learning scenario to automatically assess ICD comorbidity in PD. We employed a classic Go/NoGo task to appraise the capacity of cognitive and motoric inhibition with a low-cost, custom LEGO-like headset to record task-relevant EEG activity. Further, we optimized a support vector machine (SVM) and support vector regression (SVR) pipeline to learn discriminative EEG spectral signatures for the detection of ICD comorbidity and the estimation of ICD severity, respectively. With a dataset of 21 subjects with typical PD, 9 subjects with PD and ICD comorbidity (ICD), and 25 healthy controls (HC), the study results showed that the SVM pipeline differentiated subjects with ICD from subjects with PD with an accuracy of 66.3% and returned an around-chance accuracy of 53.3% for the classification of PD versus HC subjects without the comorbidity concern. Furthermore, the SVR pipeline yielded significantly higher severity scores for the ICD group than for the PD group and resembled the ICD vs. PD distinction according to the clinical questionnaire scores, which was barely replicated by random guessing. Without a commercial, high-precision EEG product, our demonstration may facilitate deploying a wearable computer-aided diagnosis system to assess the risk of DA-triggered cognitive comorbidity in patients with PD in their daily environment.
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Abdel Hadi S, Gharaibeh M, Alghazo E. Impulsiveness among Undergraduates from the United Arab Emirates and Jordan: Role of Socio-demographic Variables. Health Psychol Res 2023; 11:81045. [PMID: 37405311 PMCID: PMC10317514 DOI: 10.52965/001c.81045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some undergraduate students may appear impulsive in their behavior without taking enough time to think, and impulsiveness may vary according to gender, academic specialization, and academic level. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the differences in impulsiveness between undergraduates of different gender, academic specializations, and academic years at three private universities in the United Arab Emirates and Jordan. METHOD The research design of the study was a survey in nature. The researchers collected data online using a translated Arabic version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) as described in Patton et al..1 A sample of 334 undergraduates was selected using the convenient non-probability sample technique. RESULTS To analyze data, the researchers deployed descriptive and inferential statistics and found no significant differences between the students in the subscales of motor impulsiveness, non-planning, attentional impulsiveness, and the total scale score according to gender, academic specializations, and academic years variables. CONCLUSION The researchers concluded that undergraduates have a moderate level of impulsiveness; except for attentional impulsiveness, the results indicated that the average student's score on the subscale was low. Motor impulsiveness, non-planning impulsiveness, and attentional impulsiveness were not significantly different between males and females, academic specialization, academic year variables, and their interaction. The limitations and implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Abdel Hadi
- College of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, Al Ain University
| | - Mahmoud Gharaibeh
- College of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, Al Ain University
| | - Emad Alghazo
- College of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, Al Ain University
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Waldthaler J, Sperlich A, Stüssel C, Steidel K, Timmermann L, Pedrosa DJ. Stimulation of non-motor subthalamic nucleus impairs selective response inhibition via prefrontal connectivity. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad121. [PMID: 37113315 PMCID: PMC10128876 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the inconsistent results in the past, there is an ongoing debate whether and how deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus modifies cognitive control processes like response inhibition in persons with Parkinson's disease. In this study, we examined how the location of the stimulation volume within the subthalamic nucleus affects the performance in an antisaccade task but also how its structural connectivity is related to response inhibition. Antisaccade error rates and latencies were collected in 14 participants on and off deep brain stimulation in a randomized order. Stimulation volumes were computed based on patient-specific lead localizations using preoperative MRI and postoperative CT scans. Structural connectivity of the stimulation volumes with pre-defined cortical oculomotor control regions as well as whole-brain connectivity was estimated using a normative connectome. We showed that the detrimental effect of deep brain stimulation on response inhibition, measured as antisaccade error rate, depended upon the magnitude of the intersection of volumes of activated tissue with the non-motor subregion of the subthalamic nucleus and on its structural connectivity with regions of the prefrontal oculomotor network including bilateral frontal eye fields and right anterior cingulate cortex. Our results corroborate previous recommendations for avoidance of stimulation in the ventromedial non-motor subregion of the subthalamic nucleus which connects to the prefrontal cortex to prevent stimulation-induced impulsivity. Furthermore, antisaccades were initiated faster with deep brain stimulation when the stimulation volume was connected to fibres passing the subthalamic nucleus laterally and projecting onto the prefrontal cortex, indicating that improvement of voluntary saccade generation with deep brain stimulation may be an off-target effect driven by stimulation of corticotectal fibres directly projecting from the frontal and supplementary eye fields onto brainstem gaze control areas. Taken together, these findings could help implement individualized circuit-based deep brain stimulation strategies that avoid impulsive side effects while improving voluntary oculomotor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Waldthaler
- Correspondence to: Josefine Waldthaler, Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Gießen and Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033 Marburg, Hesse, Germany E-mail:
| | - Alexander Sperlich
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Stüssel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Kenan Steidel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Lars Timmermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - David J Pedrosa
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University Marburg and Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35033 Marburg, Germany
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Criaud M, Laurencin C, Poisson A, Metereau E, Redouté J, Thobois S, Boulinguez P, Ballanger B. Noradrenaline and Movement Initiation Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease: A Pharmacological Functional MRI Study with Clonidine. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172640. [PMID: 36078048 PMCID: PMC9454805 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Slowness of movement initiation is a cardinal motor feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is not fully reverted by current dopaminergic treatments. This trouble could be due to the dysfunction of executive processes and, in particular, of inhibitory control of response initiation, a function possibly associated with the noradrenergic (NA) system. The implication of NA in the network supporting proactive inhibition remains to be elucidated using pharmacological protocols. For that purpose, we administered 150 μg of clonidine to 15 healthy subjects and 12 parkinsonian patients in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled design. Proactive inhibition was assessed by means of a Go/noGo task, while pre-stimulus brain activity was measured by event-related functional MRI. Acute reduction in noradrenergic transmission induced by clonidine enhanced difficulties initiating movements reflected by an increase in omission errors and modulated the activity of the anterior node of the proactive inhibitory network (dorsomedial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices) in PD patients. We conclude that NA contributes to movement initiation by acting on proactive inhibitory control via the α2-adrenoceptor. We suggest that targeting noradrenergic dysfunction may represent a new treatment approach in some of the movement initiation disorders seen in Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Criaud
- Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience, Department Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Kings College London, London SE24 9QR, UK
| | - Chloé Laurencin
- Université de Lyon, 69622 Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
- INSERM U1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), 69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), 69000 Lyon, France
- Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Service de Neurologie C, Centre Expert Parkinson, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Alice Poisson
- Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Service de Neurologie C, Centre Expert Parkinson, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France
| | - Elise Metereau
- Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Service de Neurologie C, Centre Expert Parkinson, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France
| | | | - Stéphane Thobois
- Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Service de Neurologie C, Centre Expert Parkinson, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677 Bron, France
- CNRS UMR5229, Institute of Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Philippe Boulinguez
- Université de Lyon, 69622 Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
- INSERM U1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), 69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), 69000 Lyon, France
| | - Bénédicte Ballanger
- Université de Lyon, 69622 Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
- INSERM U1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), 69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), 69000 Lyon, France
- Correspondence:
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Inhibitory framing in hypersexual patients with Parkinson's disease. An fMRI pilot study. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:2097-2107. [PMID: 35763033 PMCID: PMC9288360 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Hypersexuality in medicated patients with PD is caused by an increased influence of motivational drive areas and a decreased influence of inhibitory control areas due to dopaminergic medication. In this pilot study, we test a newly developed paradigm investigating the influence of dopaminergic medication on brain activation elicited by sexual pictures with and without inhibitory contextual framing. Twenty PD patients with and without hypersexuality were examined with fMRI either OFF or ON standardized dopaminergic medication. The paradigm consisted of a priming phase where either a neutral context or an inhibitory context was presented. This priming phase was either followed by a sexual or a neutral target. Sexual, compared to neutral pictures resulted in a BOLD activation of various brain regions implicated in sexual processing. Hypersexual PD patients showed increased activity compared to PD controls in these regions. There was no relevant effect of medication between the two groups. The inhibitory context elicited less activation in inhibition-related areas in hypersexual PD, but had no influence on the perception of sexual cues. The paradigm partially worked: reactivity of motivational brain areas to sexual cues was increased in hypersexual PD and inhibitory contextual framing lead to decreased activation of inhibitory control areas in PD. We could not find a medication effect and the length of the inhibitory stimulus was not optimal to suppress reactivity to sexual cues. Our data provide new insights into the mechanisms of hypersexuality and warrant a replication with a greater cohort and an optimized stimulus length in the future.
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Functional correlates of response inhibition in impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 32:102822. [PMID: 34536820 PMCID: PMC8449263 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PD patients with ICD behave like controls in proactive and reactive inhibition. PD patients with ICD recruit different mechanisms depending on the inhibition type. Proactive inhibition is executed hyperactivating the stopping network bilaterally. Restrained inhibition is accomplished with the coactivation of attentional areas. In restrained inhibition, connectivity between right STN and precuneus is reduced.
Impulse control disorder is a prevalent side-effect of Parkinson’s disease (PD) medication, with a strong negative impact on the quality of life of those affected. Although impulsivity has classically been associated with response inhibition deficits, previous evidence from PD patients with impulse control disorder (ICD) has not revealed behavioral dysfunction in response inhibition. In this study, 18 PD patients with ICD, 17 PD patients without this complication, and 15 healthy controls performed a version of the conditional Stop Signal Task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Whole-brain contrasts, regions of interest, and functional connectivity analyses were conducted. Our aim was to investigate the neural underpinnings of two aspects of response inhibition: proactive inhibition, inhibition that has been prepared beforehand, and restrained inhibition, inhibition of an invalid inhibitory tendency. We observed that, in respect to the other two groups, PD patients with ICD exhibited hyperactivation of the stopping network bilaterally while performing proactive inhibition. When engaged in restrained inhibition, they showed hyperactivation of the left inferior frontal gyrus, an area linked to action monitoring. Restrained inhibition also resulted in changes to the functional co-activation between inhibitory regions and left inferior parietal cortex and right supramarginal gyrus. Our findings indicate that PD patients with ICD completed the inhibition task correctly, showing altered engagement of inhibitory and attentional areas. During proactive inhibition they showed bilateral hyperactivation of two inhibitory regions, while during restrained inhibition they showed additional involvement of attentional areas responsible for alerting and orienting.
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Won JH, Youn J, Park H. Enhanced neuroimaging genetics using multi-view non-negative matrix factorization with sparsity and prior knowledge. Med Image Anal 2022; 77:102378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2022.102378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lin YP, Liang HY, Chen YS, Lu CH, Wu YR, Chang YY, Lin WC. Objective assessment of impulse control disorder in patients with Parkinson's disease using a low-cost LEGO-like EEG headset: a feasibility study. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2021; 18:109. [PMID: 34215283 PMCID: PMC8252252 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-021-00897-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) can develop impulse control disorders (ICDs) while undergoing a pharmacological treatment for motor control dysfunctions with a dopamine agonist (DA). Conventional clinical interviews or questionnaires can be biased and may not accurately diagnose at the early stage. A wearable electroencephalogram (EEG)-sensing headset paired with an examination procedure can be a potential user-friendly method to explore ICD-related signatures that can detect its early signs and progression by reflecting brain activity. Methods A stereotypical Go/NoGo test that targets impulse inhibition was performed on 59 individuals, including healthy controls, patients with PD, and patients with PD diagnosed by ICDs. We conducted two Go/NoGo sessions before and after the DA-pharmacological treatment for the PD and ICD groups. A low-cost LEGO-like EEG headset was used to record concurrent EEG signals. Then, we used the event-related potential (ERP) analytical framework to explore ICD-related EEG abnormalities after DA treatment. Results After the DA treatment, only the ICD-diagnosed PD patients made more behavioral errors and tended to exhibit the deterioration for the NoGo N2 and P3 peak amplitudes at fronto-central electrodes in contrast to the HC and PD groups. Particularly, the extent of the diminished NoGo-N2 amplitude was prone to be modulated by the ICD scores at Fz with marginal statistical significance (r = − 0.34, p = 0.07). Conclusions The low-cost LEGO-like EEG headset successfully captured ERP waveforms and objectively assessed ICD in patients with PD undergoing DA treatment. This objective neuro-evidence could provide complementary information to conventional clinical scales used to diagnose ICD adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Pin Lin
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yi Liang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Sheng Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Lu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Ru Wu
- Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yee Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Che Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dapi Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung City, 833, Taiwan.
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The Human Basal Ganglia Mediate the Interplay between Reactive and Proactive Control of Response through Both Motor Inhibition and Sensory Modulation. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11050560. [PMID: 33925153 PMCID: PMC8146223 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11050560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal ganglia (BG) have long been known for contributing to the regulation of motor behaviour by means of a complex interplay between tonic and phasic inhibitory mechanisms. However, after having focused for a long time on phasic reactive mechanisms, it is only recently that psychological research in healthy humans has modelled tonic proactive mechanisms of control. Mutual calibration between anatomo-functional and psychological models is still needed to better understand the unclear role of the BG in the interplay between proactive and reactive mechanisms of control. Here, we implemented an event-related fMRI design allowing proper analysis of both the brain activity preceding the target-stimulus and the brain activity induced by the target-stimulus during a simple go/nogo task, with a particular interest in the ambiguous role of the basal ganglia. Post-stimulus activity was evoked in the left dorsal striatum, the subthalamus nucleus and internal globus pallidus by any stimulus when the situation was unpredictable, pinpointing its involvement in reactive, non-selective inhibitory mechanisms when action restraint is required. Pre-stimulus activity was detected in the ventral, not the dorsal, striatum, when the situation was unpredictable, and was associated with changes in functional connectivity with the early visual, not the motor, cortex. This suggests that the ventral striatum supports modulatory influence over sensory processing during proactive control.
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Marques A, Roquet D, Matar E, Taylor NL, Pereira B, O'Callaghan C, Lewis SJG. Limbic hypoconnectivity in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder with impulse control disorders. J Neurol 2021; 268:3371-3380. [PMID: 33709218 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10498-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current neuroimaging research has revealed several brain alterations in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) that mirror and precede those reported in PD. However, none have specifically addressed the presence of changes across the reward system, and their role in the emergence of impulse control disorders (ICDs). We aimed to compare the volumetric and functional connectivity characteristics of the reward system in relation to the psychobehavioral profile of patients with iRBD versus healthy controls and PD patients. METHODS Twenty patients with polysomnography confirmed iRBD along with 17 PD patients and 14 healthy controls (HC) underwent structural and functional resting-state brain MRI analysis. Participants completed the questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders in PD (QUIP), the short UPPS-P impulsive behaviour scale, as well as neuropsychological testing of cognitive function. RESULTS A higher percentage of iRBD patients reported hypersexuality, compared to HC and PD (p = 0.008). Whole-brain and striatal voxel-based morphometry analyses showed no significant clusters of reduced grey matter volume between groups. However, iRBD compared to HC demonstrated functional hypoconnectivity between the limbic striatum and temporo-occipital regions. Furthermore, the presence of ICDs correlated with hypoconnectivity between the limbic striatum and clusters located in cuneus, lingual and fusiform gyrus. CONCLUSION Altered functional connectivity between the limbic striatum and posterior cortical regions was associated with increased hypersexuality in iRBD. It is possible that this change may ultimately predispose individuals to the emergence of ICDs when they receive dopaminergic medications, after transitioning to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marques
- Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Forefront Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Sydney, Australia.
- Neurology department, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, EA7280, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Daniel Roquet
- Frontiers, Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elie Matar
- Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Forefront Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Sydney, Australia
| | - Natasha Louise Taylor
- Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Forefront Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Department, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Claire O'Callaghan
- Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Forefront Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Sydney, Australia
| | - Simon J G Lewis
- Brain and Mind Center, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Forefront Parkinson's Disease Research Clinic, Sydney, Australia
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