1
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Kou X, Yang X, Zhao Z, Li L. HSPA8-mediated stability of the CLPP protein regulates mitochondrial autophagy in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:356-365. [PMID: 38419499 PMCID: PMC10984867 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, platinum agents remain the mainstay of chemotherapy for ovarian cancer (OC). However, cisplatin (DDP) resistance is a major reason for chemotherapy failure. Thus, it is extremely important to elucidate the mechanism of resistance to DDP. Here, we establish two DDP-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines and find that caseinolytic protease P (CLPP) level is significantly downregulated in DDP-resistant cell lines compared to wild-type ovarian cancer cell lines (SK-OV-3 and OVcar3). Next, we investigate the functions of CLPP in DDP-resistant and wild-type ovarian cancer cells using various assays, including cell counting kit-8 assay, western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Our results show that CLPP knockdown significantly increases the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50) and mitophagy of wild-type SK-OV-3 and OVcar3 cells, while CLPP overexpression reduces the IC 50 values and mitophagy of DDP-resistant SK-OV-3 and OVcar3 cells. Next, we perform database predictions and confirmation experiments, which show that heat shock protein family A member 8 (HSPA8) regulates CLPP protein stability. The dynamic effects of the HSPA8/CLPP axis in ovarian cancer cells are also examined. HSPA8 increases mitophagy and the IC 50 values of SK-OV-3 and OVcar3 cells but inhibits their ROS production and apoptosis. In addition, CLPP partly reverses the effects induced by HSPA8 in SK-OV-3 and OVcar3 cells. In conclusion, CLPP increases DDP resistance in ovarian cancer by inhibiting mitophagy and promoting cellular stress. Meanwhile, HSPA8 promotes the degradation of CLPP protein by regulating its stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Kou
- />Department of GynecologyCancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450008China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- />Department of GynecologyCancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450008China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- />Department of GynecologyCancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450008China
| | - Lei Li
- />Department of GynecologyCancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450008China
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2
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Liu C, Li S, Tang Y. Mechanism of cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer and associated microRNAs. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 92:329-340. [PMID: 37535106 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality rates that seriously affects human health worldwide. Although surgery is currently the preferred clinical treatment for GC, chemotherapy remains the first choice for perioperative treatment, adjuvant therapy, and palliative care for patients with advanced GC. Cisplatin (DDP) is an antineoplastic agent that has been used clinically for decades, and it is the first-line chemotherapy for many solid tumors. However, the therapeutic efficacy of DDP is often limited by resistance and the complexity of its resistance mechanisms, which involve multiple proteins and signaling pathways. It is well documented that a variety of microRNAs (miRNAs) differentially expressed in DDP-resistant GC cells play important roles in regulating or reversing DDP resistance via various pathways. In this review, we first provide an introduction to the cytotoxicity and major resistance mechanisms of DDP in GC and then discuss the role and mechanism of miRNAs in regulating the DDP resistance process in GC cells. This work demonstrates the potential of relevant miRNAs to become diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for gastric cancer and targets of action to enhance chemosensitivity and provides directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Shaoyang County, Hengyang, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province, Cancer Research Institute of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 28 Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Rushing BR. Multi-Omics Analysis of NCI-60 Cell Line Data Reveals Novel Metabolic Processes Linked with Resistance to Alkylating Anti-Cancer Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13242. [PMID: 37686047 PMCID: PMC10487847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the molecular determinants influencing the response of cancer cells to alkylating agents, a major class of chemotherapeutic drugs used in cancer treatment. The study utilized data from the National Cancer Institute (NCI)-60 cell line screening program and employed a comprehensive multi-omics approach integrating transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and SNP data. Through integrated pathway analysis, the study identified key metabolic pathways, such as cysteine and methionine metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and purine metabolism, that differentiate drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancer cells. The analysis also revealed potential druggable targets within these pathways. Furthermore, copy number variant (CNV) analysis, derived from SNP data, between sensitive and resistant cells identified notable differences in genes associated with metabolic changes (WWOX, CNTN5, DDAH1, PGR), protein trafficking (ARL17B, VAT1L), and miRNAs (MIR1302-2, MIR3163, MIR1244-3, MIR1302-9). The findings of this study provide a holistic view of the molecular landscape and dysregulated pathways underlying the response of cancer cells to alkylating agents. The insights gained from this research can contribute to the development of more effective therapeutic strategies and personalized treatment approaches, ultimately improving patient outcomes in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake R. Rushing
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA;
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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4
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Ramisetty S, Kulkarni P, Bhattacharya S, Nam A, Singhal SS, Guo L, Mirzapoiazova T, Mambetsariev B, Mittan S, Malhotra J, Pisick E, Subbiah S, Rajurkar S, Massarelli E, Salgia R, Mohanty A. A Systems Biology Approach for Addressing Cisplatin Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020599. [PMID: 36675528 PMCID: PMC9861808 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Translational research in medicine, defined as the transfer of knowledge and discovery from the basic sciences to the clinic, is typically achieved through interactions between members across scientific disciplines to overcome the traditional silos within the community. Thus, translational medicine underscores 'Team Medicine', the partnership between basic science researchers and clinicians focused on addressing a specific goal in medicine. Here, we highlight this concept from a City of Hope perspective. Using cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as a paradigm, we describe how basic research scientists, clinical research scientists, and medical oncologists, in true 'Team Science' spirit, addressed cisplatin resistance in NSCLC and identified a previously approved compound that is able to alleviate cisplatin resistance in NSCLC. Furthermore, we discuss how a 'Team Medicine' approach can help to elucidate the mechanisms of innate and acquired resistance in NSCLC and develop alternative strategies to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravani Ramisetty
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Prakash Kulkarni
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Supriyo Bhattacharya
- Translational Bioinformatics, Center for Informatics, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Arin Nam
- Department of Pathology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sharad S. Singhal
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Linlin Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Tamara Mirzapoiazova
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Bolot Mambetsariev
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sandeep Mittan
- Montefiore Medical Center, The University Hospital for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
| | - Jyoti Malhotra
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1000 FivePoint, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Evan Pisick
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA) Chicago, 2520 Elisha Avenue, Zion, IL 60099, USA
| | - Shanmuga Subbiah
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1250 S. Sunset Ave., Suite 303, West Covina, CA 91790, USA
| | - Swapnil Rajurkar
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1100 San Bernardino Road, Suite 1100, Upland, CA 91786, USA
| | - Erminia Massarelli
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Atish Mohanty
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Correspondence:
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Ali R, Aouida M, Alhaj Sulaiman A, Madhusudan S, Ramotar D. Can Cisplatin Therapy Be Improved? Pathways That Can Be Targeted. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137241. [PMID: 35806243 PMCID: PMC9266583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II)) is the oldest known chemotherapeutic agent. Since the identification of its anti-tumour activity, it earned a remarkable place as a treatment of choice for several cancer types. It remains effective against testicular, bladder, lung, head and neck, ovarian, and other cancers. Cisplatin treatment triggers different cellular responses. However, it exerts its cytotoxic effects by generating inter-strand and intra-strand crosslinks in DNA. Tumour cells often develop tolerance mechanisms by effectively repairing cisplatin-induced DNA lesions or tolerate the damage by adopting translesion DNA synthesis. Cisplatin-associated nephrotoxicity is also a huge challenge for effective therapy. Several preclinical and clinical studies attempted to understand the major limitations associated with cisplatin therapy, and so far, there is no definitive solution. As such, a more comprehensive molecular and genetic profiling of patients is needed to identify those individuals that can benefit from platinum therapy. Additionally, the treatment regimen can be improved by combining cisplatin with certain molecular targeted therapies to achieve a balance between tumour toxicity and tolerance mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the importance of various biological processes that contribute to the resistance of cisplatin and its derivatives. We aim to highlight the processes that can be modulated to suppress cisplatin resistance and provide an insight into the role of uptake transporters in enhancing drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Ali
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar; (M.A.); (A.A.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.A.); (D.R.)
| | - Mustapha Aouida
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar; (M.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Abdallah Alhaj Sulaiman
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar; (M.A.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Srinivasan Madhusudan
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 3RD, UK;
| | - Dindial Ramotar
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar; (M.A.); (A.A.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.A.); (D.R.)
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6
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Hosseini F, Shanehbandi D, Soleimanpour J, Yousefi B, Alemi F. Melatonin Increases the Sensitivity of Osteosarcoma Cells to
Chemotherapy Drug Cisplatin. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2022; 72:312-318. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1830-8716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractChemotherapy, which is one of the common treatments for osteosarcoma (OS), has
many side effects and in some cases has low effectiveness due to
chemoresistance, hence it is vital to study new therapies for OS. In this
regard, we combined melatonin with cisplatin and evaluate their effect on MG63
OS cells. Since melatonin has anti-cancer properties, we hypothesized that its
combination with cisplatin could increase the effectiveness of cisplatin.
Firstly, MTT assay was used to evaluate the cell viability and cytotoxicity of
cisplatin on MG63 cells and the results showed that melatonin in combination
with cisplatin increases the sensitivity of MG63 cells to cisplatin. In
addition, qRT-PCR results showed that the expressions of miR-181 and P53, CYLD,
CBX7 and BCL2 genes change in MG63 cells after treatment with the combination of
cisplatin and melatonin, so that the expression of P53, CYLD and CBX7 increased
and the expression of BCL2 and miR-181b decreases significantly. Furthermore,
analysis of Annexin V/FITC assay data revealed that the rate of
apoptosis in MG63 OS cell line remarkably promoted after treated with cisplatin
and melatonin combination. As a result, our findings show that melatonin in
combination with cisplatin increases the effectiveness of cisplatin in
osteosarcoma cells and this study provides a new therapeutic approach for
OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foroogh Hosseini
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of
Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical
Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimanpour
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Shohada Teaching Hospital, Tabriz
University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of
Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Forough Alemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of
Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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7
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The aryl-ureido fatty acid CTU activates endoplasmic reticulum stress and PERK/NOXA-mediated apoptosis in tumor cells by a dual mitochondrial-targeting mechanism. Cancer Lett 2022; 526:131-141. [PMID: 34822928 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cancer cell mitochondrion is functionally different from that in normal cells and could be targeted to develop novel experimental therapeutics. The aryl-ureido fatty acid CTU (16({[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-carbamoyl}amino)hexadecanoic acid) is the prototype of a new class of mitochondrion-targeted agents that kill cancer cells. Here we show that CTU rapidly depolarized the inner mitochondrial membrane, selectively inhibited complex III of the electron transport chain and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. From RNA-seq analysis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress was a major activated pathway in CTU-treated cells and in MDA-MB-231 tumor xenografts from CTU-treated nu/nu mice. Mitochondrion-derived ROS activated the PERK-linked ER-stress pathway and induced the BH3-only protein NOXA leading to outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) disruption. The lipid peroxyl scavenger α-tocopherol attenuated CTU-dependent ER-stress and apoptosis which confirmed the critical role of ROS. Oleic acid protected against CTU-mediated apoptosis by activating Mcl-1 expression, which increased NOXA sequestration and prevented OMM disruption. Taken together, CTU both uncouples mitochondrial electron transport and activates ROS production which promotes ER-stress-dependent OMM disruption and tumor cell death. Dual-mitochondrial targeting agents like CTU offer a novel approach for development of new anti-cancer therapeutics.
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8
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He C, Heidari Majd M, Shiri F, Shahraki S. Palladium and platinum complexes of folic acid as new drug delivery systems for treatment of breast cancer cells. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Ulker OC, Panieri E, Suzen S, Jaganjac M, Zarkovic N, Saso L. Short overview on the relevance of microRNA-reactive oxygen species (ROS) interactions and lipid peroxidation for modulation of oxidative stress-mediated signalling pathways in cancer treatment. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:503-515. [PMID: 33769543 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Modulation of oxidative stress-mediated signalling pathways is constantly getting more attention as a valuable therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment. Although complexity of redox signalling pathways might represent a major hurdle, the development of advanced -omics technologies allow thorough studies on cancer-specific biology, which is essential to elucidate the impact of these signalling pathways in cancer cells. The scope of our review is to provide updated information about recent developments in cancer treatment. KEY FINDINGS In recent years identifying oxidative stress-mediated signalling pathways is a major goal of cancer research assuming it may provide novel therapeutic approaches through the development of agents that may have better tissue penetration and therefore affect specific redox signalling pathways. In this review, we discuss some recent studies focussed on the modulation of oxidative stress-related signalling pathways as a novel anti-cancer treatment, with a particular emphasis on the induction of lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSIONS Characterization and modulation of oxidative stress-mediated signalling pathways and lipid peroxidation products will continue to foster novel interest and further investigations, which may pave the way for more effective, selective, and personalized integrative biomedicine treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Cemiloglu Ulker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emiliano Panieri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sibel Suzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Morana Jaganjac
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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10
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Kutlu T, Yıldırım I, Karabıyık H, Kılınçlı A, Tekedereli İ, Gök Y, Dikmen M, Aktaş A. Cytotoxic activity and apoptosis induction by a series Ag(I)-NHC complexes on human breast cancer cells and non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Liu Z, Peng Q, Li Y, Gao Y. Resveratrol enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human hepatoma cells via glutamine metabolism inhibition. BMB Rep 2018. [PMID: 30103844 PMCID: PMC6177506 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.9.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs used in the treatment of HCC, but many patients will ultimately relapse with cisplatin-resistant disease. Used in combination with cisplatin, resveratrol has synergistic effect of increasing chemosensitivity of cisplatin in various cancer cells. However, the mechanisms of resveratrol enhancing cisplatin-induced toxicity have not been well characterized. Our study showed that resveratrol enhances cisplatin toxicity in human hepatoma cells via an apoptosis-dependent mechanism. Further studies reveal that resveratrol decreases the absorption of glutamine and glutathione content by reducing the expression of glutamine transporter ASCT2. Flow cytometric analyses demonstrate that resveratrol and cisplatin combined treatment leads to a significant increase in ROS production compared to resveratrol or cisplatin treated hepatoma cells alone. Phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX) foci assay demonstrate that both resveratrol and cisplatin treatment result in a significant increase of γH2AX foci in hepatoma cells, and the resveratrol and cisplatin combined treatment results in much more γH2AX foci formation than either resveratrol or cisplatin treatment alone. Furthermore, our studies show that over-expression of ASCT2 can attenuate cisplatin-induced ROS production, γH2AX foci formation and apoptosis in human hepatoma cells. Collectively, our studies suggest resveratrol may sensitize human hepatoma cells to cisplatin chemotherapy via glutamine metabolism inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyuan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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12
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Conage-Pough JE, Boise LH. Phosphorylation alters Bim-mediated Mcl-1 stabilization and priming. FEBS J 2018; 285:2626-2640. [PMID: 29775995 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mcl-1 is a highly labile protein, subject to extensive post-translational regulation. This distinguishes Mcl-1 from other antiapoptotic proteins and necessitates further study to better understand how interactions with proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins affect its regulation. One such protein, Bim, is known to stabilize Mcl-1, and Bim phosphorylation has been associated with increased Mcl-1 binding. Consequently, we investigated the potential impact of Bim phosphorylation on Mcl-1 stability. We found that Bim stabilizes and primes Mcl-1 in RPCI-WM1 cells and is constitutively phosphorylated. Additionally, introduction of several phospho-mimetic and unphosphosphorylateable Bim mutations resulted in altered Mcl-1 stability and distinct Bim binding to antiapoptotic proteins. These findings suggest Bim phosphorylation not only regulates Mcl-1 stability but also is a potential mechanism for enforcing Mcl-1 dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason E Conage-Pough
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lawrence H Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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13
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Ilkovičová L, Trošt N, Szentpéteriová E, Solár P, Komel R, Debeljak N. Overexpression of the erythropoietin receptor in RAMA 37 breast cancer cells alters cell growth and sensitivity to tamoxifen. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:737-746. [PMID: 28714517 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is the main regulator of erythropoiesis, and its receptor (EPOR) is expressed in various tissues, including tumors. Expression of EPOR in breast cancer tissue has been shown to correlate with expression of the estrogen receptor (ER). However, EPOR promotes proliferation in an EPO-independent manner. In patients with breast cancer, EPOR is associated with impaired tamoxifen response in ER-positive tumors, but not in ER-negative tumors. Furthermore, a positive correlation between EPOR/ER status and increased local cancer recurrence has been demonstrated, and EPOR expression is associated with G-protein coupled ER (GPER). Herein, we assessed the effects of EPOR on cell physiology and tamoxifen response in the absence of EPO stimulation using two cell lines that differ only in their EPOR expression status: RAMA 37 cells (low EPOR expression) and RAMA 37-28 cells (high EPOR expression). Alterations in cell growth, morphology, response to tamoxifen cytotoxicity, and EPOR-activated signal transduction were observed. RAMA 37 cells showed higher proliferation capacity without tamoxifen treatment, while RAMA 37-28 cells were more resistant to tamoxifen and proliferated more rapidly in the presence of tamoxifen. EPOR overexpression induced cell-morphology changes upon tamoxifen treatment, which resulted in the production of cell protrusions and subsequent cell death. Short-term treatment with tamoxifen (6 h) prompted RAMA 37 cells to acquired longer protrusions than RAMA 37-28 cells, which indicated a pre-apoptotic stage. Furthermore, prolonged treatment with tamoxifen (72 h) caused a greater reduction in RAMA 37 cell numbers, which indicated a higher rate of cell death. RAMA 37-28 cells showed prolonged activation of AKT signaling. We propose sustained AKT phosphorylation in EPOR-overexpressing cells as a mechanism that can lead to EPOR-induced tamoxifen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Ilkovičová
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Nina Trošt
- Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Erika Szentpéteriová
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Solár
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Radovan Komel
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Debeljak
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Common Chemical Inductors of Replication Stress: Focus on Cell-Based Studies. Biomolecules 2017; 7:biom7010019. [PMID: 28230817 PMCID: PMC5372731 DOI: 10.3390/biom7010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA replication is a highly demanding process regarding the energy and material supply and must be precisely regulated, involving multiple cellular feedbacks. The slowing down or stalling of DNA synthesis and/or replication forks is referred to as replication stress (RS). Owing to the complexity and requirements of replication, a plethora of factors may interfere and challenge the genome stability, cell survival or affect the whole organism. This review outlines chemical compounds that are known inducers of RS and commonly used in laboratory research. These compounds act on replication by direct interaction with DNA causing DNA crosslinks and bulky lesions (cisplatin), chemical interference with the metabolism of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (hydroxyurea), direct inhibition of the activity of replicative DNA polymerases (aphidicolin) and interference with enzymes dealing with topological DNA stress (camptothecin, etoposide). As a variety of mechanisms can induce RS, the responses of mammalian cells also vary. Here, we review the activity and mechanism of action of these compounds based on recent knowledge, accompanied by examples of induced phenotypes, cellular readouts and commonly used doses.
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Aboalhaija NH, Zihlif MA, Taha MO. Discovery of new selective cytotoxic agents against Bcl-2 expressing cancer cells using ligand-based modeling. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 250:12-26. [PMID: 26954606 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Qin G, Zhao C, Zhang L, Liu H, Quan Y, Chai L, Wu S, Wang X, Chen T. Dihydroartemisinin induces apoptosis preferentially via a Bim-mediated intrinsic pathway in hepatocarcinoma cells. Apoptosis 2016; 20:1072-86. [PMID: 25935454 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1132-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This report is designed to dissect the detail molecular mechanism by which dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a derivative of artemisinin, induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. DHA induced a loss of the mitochondrial transmemberane potential (ΔΨm), release of cytochrome c, activation of caspases, and externalization of phosphatidylserine indicative of apoptosis induction. Compared with the modest inhibitory effects of silencing Bax, silencing Bak largely prevented DHA-induced ΔΨm collapse and apoptosis though DHA induced a commensurable activation of Bax and Bak, demonstrating a key role of the Bak-mediated intrinsic apoptosis pathway. DHA did not induce Bid cleavage and translocation from cytoplasm to mitochondria and had little effects on the expressions of Puma and Noxa, but did increase Bim and Bak expressions and decrease Mcl-1 expression. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of DHA was remarkably reduced by silencing Bim, and modestly but significantly reduced by silencing Puma or Noxa. Silencing Bim or Noxa preferentially reduced DHA-induced Bak activation, while silencing Puma preferentially reduced DHA-induced Bax activation, demonstrating that Bim and to a lesser extent Noxa act as upstream mediators to trigger the Bak-mediated intrinsic apoptosis pathway. In addition, silencing Mcl-1 enhanced DHA-induced Bak activation and apoptosis. Taken together, our data demonstrate a crucial role of Bim in preferentially regulating the Bak/Mcl-1 rheostat to mediate DHA-induced apoptosis in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqi Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
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Gęgotek A, Biernacki M, Ambrożewicz E, Surażyński A, Wroński A, Skrzydlewska E. The cross-talk between electrophiles, antioxidant defence and the endocannabinoid system in fibroblasts and keratinocytes after UVA and UVB irradiation. J Dermatol Sci 2015; 81:107-17. [PMID: 26674123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND UV, including UVA and UVB radiation, is one of the most ubiquitous environmental stress factors to human skin and leads to redox imbalance and, consequently, photoaging and cancer development. The aim of the study was to verify which skin cells, keratinocytes or fibroblasts, were more susceptible to UVA or UVB irradiation. OBJECTIVE Keratinocytes and fibroblasts were subjected to UVA and UVB irradiation. METHODS The redox potential (superoxide anion generation and antioxidant level/activity), electrophile level and endocannabinoid system were estimated. RESULTS The results presented in this paper demonstrate a strong relationship between UV-induced oxidative stress and changes in the endocannabinoid system. Simultaneously, in irradiated cells, the transcription factors Nrf1, Nrf2 and NFκB are activated to varying degrees. Fibroblasts have a greater susceptibility to ROS generation and transcription factor activation after both UVA and UVB irradiation than keratinocytes. Keratinocytes are more sensitive to changes in the electrophile levels connected with oxidative stress compared to fibroblasts. CONCLUSION The differences demonstrated in the response of the tested cells to UV irradiation allow for a better understanding of the mechanisms occurring in the human skin, which may be exploited for future therapies in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Michał Biernacki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Ambrożewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Surażyński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adam Wroński
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
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Lysophosphatidic Acid Inhibits Apoptosis Induced by Cisplatin in Cervical Cancer Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:598386. [PMID: 26366416 PMCID: PMC4558435 DOI: 10.1155/2015/598386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) level has been found significantly increased in the serum of patients with ovarian, cervical, and colon cancers. LPA level in cervical cancer patients is significantly higher than in healthy controls. LPA receptors were found highly expressed in cervical cancer cells, suggesting LPA may play a role in the development of cervical cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of LPA on the apoptosis induced by cisplatin (DDP) in cervical cancer cell line and the underlying changes in signaling pathways. Our study found that cisplatin induced apoptosis of Hela cell through inhibiting expression of Bcl-2, upregulating the expression of Bax, Fas-L, and the enzyme activity of caspase-3 (p < 0.05); LPA significantly provided protection against the apoptosis induced by cisplatin by inhibiting the above alterations in apoptotic factor caused by cisplatin (p < 0.05). Moreover, PI3K/AKT pathway was found to be important for the LPA antiapoptosis effect, and administration of PI3K/AKT partially reversed the LPA-mediated protection against cisplatin-induced apoptosis (p < 0.05). These findings have shed new lights on the LPA bioactivity in cervical cancer cells and pointed to a possible sensitization scheme through combined administration of PI3K inhibitor and cisplatin for better treatment of cervical cancer patients, especially those with elevated LPA levels.
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Ozfiliz P, Kizilboga T, Demir S, Alkurt G, Palavan-Unsal N, Arisan ED, Dinler-Doganay G. Bag-1 promotes cell survival through c-Myc-mediated ODC upregulation that is not preferred under apoptotic stimuli in MCF-7 cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2015; 33:293-307. [PMID: 26178413 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bag-1, Bcl-2 associated athanogene-1, is a multifunctional protein that can regulate a wide variety of cellular processes: proliferation, cell survival, transcription, apoptosis and motility. Bag-1 interacts with various targets in the modulation of these pathways; yet molecular details of Bag-1's involvement in each cellular event are still unclear. We first showed that forced Bag-1 expression promotes cell survival and prevents drug-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Increased mRNA expressions of c-myc protooncogene and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), biosynthetic enzyme of polyamines, were detected in Bag-1L+ cells, and western blots against the protein product of c-Myc and ODC confirmed these findings. Once ODC, a c-Myc target, gets activated, polyamine biosynthesis increases. We observed enhanced polyamine content in the Bag-1L+ cells. On the contrary, when polyamine catabolic mechanisms were investigated, Bag-1 silencing suppressed biosynthesis of polyamines because of the downregulation of ODC and upregulation of PAO. Exposure of cells to apoptotic inducers enhances the cell death mechanism by producing toxic products such as H2 O2 and aldehydes. Bag-1L+ cells prevented drug-induced PAO activation leading to a decrease in H2 O2 production following cisplatin or paclitaxel treatment. In this line, our results suggested that Bag-1 indirectly affects cell survival through c-Myc activated signalling that causes elevation of ODC levels, leading to an increase of the polyamine content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Ozfiliz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tugba Kizilboga
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Salih Demir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Alkurt
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Narçin Palavan-Unsal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Damla Arisan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Dinler-Doganay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Brahmbhatt H, Oppermann S, Osterlund EJ, Leber B, Andrews DW. Molecular Pathways: Leveraging the BCL-2 Interactome to Kill Cancer Cells--Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeabilization and Beyond. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:2671-6. [PMID: 25838396 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of apoptosis enables the survival and proliferation of tumors and contributes to resistance to conventional chemotherapy agents and is therefore a very promising avenue for the development of new agents that will enhance current cancer therapies. The BCL-2 family proteins orchestrate apoptosis at the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and are involved in other processes such as autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR) that lead to different types of cell death. Over the past decade, significant efforts have been made to restore apoptosis using small molecules that modulate the activity of BCL-2 family proteins. The small molecule ABT-199, which antagonizes the activity of BCL-2, is currently the furthest in clinical trials and shows promising activity in many lymphoid malignancies as a single agent and in combination with conventional chemotherapy agents. Here, we discuss strategies to improve the specificity of pharmacologically modulating various antiapoptotic BCL-2 family proteins, review additional BCL-2 family protein interactions that can be exploited for the improvement of conventional anticancer therapies, and highlight important points of consideration for assessing the activity of small-molecule BCL-2 family protein modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetal Brahmbhatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sina Oppermann
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth J Osterlund
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Leber
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - David W Andrews
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Neumann W, Crews BC, Sárosi MB, Daniel CM, Ghebreselasie K, Scholz MS, Marnett LJ, Hey-Hawkins E. Conjugation of cisplatin analogues and cyclooxygenase inhibitors to overcome cisplatin resistance. ChemMedChem 2014; 10:183-92. [PMID: 25318459 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX) is an enzyme involved in tumorigenesis and is associated with tumor cell resistance against platinum-based antitumor drugs. Cisplatin analogues were conjugated with COX inhibitors (indomethacin, ibuprofen) to study the synergistic effects that were previously observed in combination treatments. The conjugates ensure concerted transport of both drugs into cells, and subsequent intracellular cleavage enables a dual-action mode. Whereas the platinum(II) complexes showed cytotoxicities similar to those of cisplatin, the platinum(IV) conjugates revealed highly increased cytotoxic activities and were able to completely overcome cisplatin-related resistance. Although some of the complexes are potent COX inhibitors, the conjugates appear to execute their cytotoxic action via COX-independent mechanisms. Instead, the increased lipophilicity and kinetic inertness of the conjugates seem to facilitate cellular accumulation of the platinum drugs and thus improve the efficacy of the antitumor agents. These conjugates are important tools for the elucidation of the direct influence of COX inhibitors on platinum-based anticancer drugs in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilma Neumann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig (Germany)
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Zhou DH, Wang X, Feng Q. EGCG enhances the efficacy of cisplatin by downregulating hsa-miR-98-5p in NSCLC A549 cells. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:636-44. [PMID: 24712372 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.894101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, the enhanced efficacy of cisplatin caused by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells was observed. The tumor size was significantly smaller in vivo in the combination of cisplatin and EGCG group, as compared with cisplatin-only group. However, in NCI-H460 cells, another kind of NSCLC cells, the efficacy of cisplatin was antagonized by EGCG. MiRNA microarray showed that hsa-miR-98-5p and hsa-miR-125a-3p were differentially expressed after EGCG treatment in these 2 cell lines. After transfection of hsa-miR-98-5p inhibitor, the survival fraction of both A549 and NCI-H460 cells was decreased upon cisplatin treatment. Meanwhile, as a critical regulator in the cisplatin-induced apoptosis, p53 was elevated by silencing of hsa-miR-98-5p. These results suggested that EGCG inhibited the expression of hsa-miR-98-5p, followed by an increase of p53, thus the efficacy of cisplatin was enhanced. Bioinformatics analysis showed that hsa-miR-125a-3p might have a strong connection with classical MAPK pathway. Taken together, these findings indicate that hsa-miR-98-5p could be a potential target in clinical cisplatin treatment of NSCLC. The combination of EGCG and cisplatin might be an effective therapeutic strategy in treating some type of NSCLC, although the possibility of antagonistic interactions must also be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hu Zhou
- a Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
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23
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Abstract
PURPOSE Platinum(II) complex anticarcinogenic mechanisms are associated with changes in the cellular redox status of cancer as well as healthy cells. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to investigate oxidative modifications in cellular components following fibroblast exposure to novel dinuclear berenil-platinum(II) complexes. MATERIAL AND METHOD ROS levels, antioxidant parameters level/activity, and damage to DNA, lipids, and proteins, including pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors in human skin fibroblasts following berenil-platinum(II) complex treatments i.e. Pt2(isopropylamine)4(berenil)2, Pt2(piperazine)4(berenil)4, Pt2(2-picoline)4(berenil)2, Pt2(3-picoline)4(berenil)2, and Pt2(4- picoline)4(berenil)2 were examined. RESULTS Treatment of fibroblasts with platinum(II) complexes has shown that all compounds enhance total ROS and superoxide anion generation as well as change the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase and decrease in the level of non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, vitamin C, E and A). Such a situation is conducive to oxidative stress formation and oxidative modifications of cellular macromolecules and to increase in the expression of proapoptotic proteins. Pt2(isopropylamine)4(berenil)2 elicited the most damage, which resulted in oxidative modification of cellular components. The therapeutic use of this complex would cause considerable side effects in patients, therefore the agent lacks drug potential; however Pt2(piperazine)4(berenil)2 and Pt2(2-picoline)4(berenil)2 exhibited reduced redox and increased apoptotic profiles compared to cisplatin. CONCLUSION Results of this paper and preliminary data show that Pt2(2-picoline)4(berenil)2 is less dangers than cisplatin to fibroblasts and more disruptive than cisplatin to breast cancer cell metabolism, and therefore it is a promising candidate for use in future anticancer drug strategies.
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Trošt N, Hevir N, Rižner TL, Debeljak N. Correlation between erythropoietin receptor(s) and estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in different breast cancer cell lines. Int J Mol Med 2013; 31:717-25. [PMID: 23314808 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) receptor (EPOR) expression in breast cancer has been shown to correlate with the expression of estrogen receptor (ESR) and progesterone receptor (PGR) and to be associated with the response to tamoxifen in ESR+/PGR+ tumors but not in ESR- tumors. In addition, the correlation between EPOR and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 [GPER; also known as G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30)] has been reported, suggesting the prognostic potential of EPOR expression. Moreover, the involvement of colony stimulating factor 2 receptor, β, low‑affinity (CSF2RB) and ephrin type-B receptor 4 (EPHB4) as EPOR potential receptor partners in cancer has been indicated. This study analyzed the correlation between the expression of genes for EPO, EPOR, CSF2RB, EPHB4, ESR, PGR and GPER in the MCF-7, MDA-MB-361, T-47D, MDA-MB-231, Hs578Bst, SKBR3, MCF-10A and Hs578T cell lines. The cell lines were also treated with recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) in order to determine its ability to activate the Jak/STAT5, MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways and modify cell growth characteristics. Expression analysis stratified the cell lines in 2 main clusters, hormone-dependent cell lines expressing ESR and PGR and a hormone-independent cluster. A significant correlation was observed between the expression levels of ESR and PGR and their expression was also associated with that of GPER. Furthermore, the expression of GPER was associated with that of EPOR, suggesting the connection between this orphan G protein and EPO signaling. A negative correlation between EPOR and CSF2RB expression was observed, questioning the involvement of these two receptors in the hetero-receptor formation. rHuEPO treatment only influenced the hormone-independent cell lines, since only the MDA-MB-231, SKBR3 and Hs578T cells responded to the treatment. The correlation between the expression of the analyzed receptors suggests that the receptors may interact in order to activate signaling pathways or to evade their inhibition. Therefore, breast cancer classification upon ESR, PGR and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) may not be sufficient for the selection of suitable treatment protocol. The expression of EPOR, GPER and EPHB4 may be considered as additional classification factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Trošt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Sancho-Martínez SM, Prieto-García L, Prieto M, López-Novoa JM, López-Hernández FJ. Subcellular targets of cisplatin cytotoxicity: An integrated view. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 136:35-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Contrasting effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on breast cancer cell response to cisplatin induced cytotoxicity. Radiol Oncol 2012; 46:213-25. [PMID: 23077460 PMCID: PMC3472952 DOI: 10.2478/v10019-012-0037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human recombinant erythropoietin (rHuEpo) that is used for the treatment of the chemotherapy-induced anaemia in cancer patients was shown to cause detrimental effects on the course of disease due to increased adverse events inflicting patient’s survival, potentially related to rHuEpo-induced cancer progression. In this study, we elucidate the effect of rHuEpo administration on breast cancer cell proliferation and gene expression after cisplatin (cDDP) induced cytotoxicity. Materials and methods Two breast carcinoma models, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, were used differing in oestrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors and p53 status. Cells were cultured with or without rHuEpo for 24 h or 9 weeks and their growth characteristics after cDDP treatment were assessed together with expression of genes involved in the p53-signaling pathway. Results Short-term exposure of breast cancer cells to rHuEpo lowers their proliferation and reduces cDDP cytotoxic potency. In contrast, long-term exposure of MCF-7 cells to rHuEpo increases proliferation and predisposes MCF-7 cells to cDDP cytotoxicity, but has no effect on MDA-MB-231 cells. MDA-MB-231 cells show altered level of ERK phosphorylation, indicating involvement of MAPK signalling pathway. Gene expression analysis of p53-dependent genes and bcl-2 gene family members confirmed differences between long and short-term rHuEpo effects, indicating the most prominent changes in BCL2 and BAD expression. Conclusions Proliferation and survival characteristics of MCF-7 cells are reversely modulated by the length of the rHuEpo exposure. On the other hand, MDA-MB-231 cells are almost irresponsive to long-term rHuEpo, supposedly due to the mutated p53 and ER(+)/PR(−) status. The p53 and ER/PR status may predict tumour response on rHuEpo and cDDP treatment.
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Cao K, Yang J, Lin C, Wang BN, Yang Y, Zhang J, Dai J, Li L, Nie CL, Yuan Z, Li MY. Noxa enhances the cytotoxic effect of gemcitabine in human ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2012; 27:259-66. [PMID: 22489660 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2011.1126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Noxa is an important proapoptotic protein in the intrinsic pathway of cell apoptosis. Experiments were carried out to investigate whether Noxa could, therefore, enhance the cytotoxic effect of gemcitabine in human ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780 and COC1). In this study, the combined treatment of Noxa and gemcitabine, in vitro, significantly inhibited the proliferation of A2780 and COC1 cells, as verified by MTT assay, Hoechst staining, and flow cytometric analysis. Moreover, the combination of Noxa and gemcitabine inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival of nude mice in vivo. The combined treatment also inhibited the growth of tumor xenografts through the inhibition of proliferation and the induction of apoptosis, as observed in immunohistochemical anti-PCNA staining and TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Our data suggest that Noxa exhibited potent proapoptotic activity against human ovarian cancer cells, and the combination of Noxa and gemcitabine showed a more significant cytotoxic effect against ovarian cancer cells in comparison with either of these agents alone. To our knowledge, we have provided the first evidence that Noxa can enhance therapeutic responses of ovarian cancer cells to gemcitabine, and that it could be potentially useful as a chemosensitizer in ovarian cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Cao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Preclinical Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zhang W, Wang X, Chen T. Resveratrol induces apoptosis via a Bak-mediated intrinsic pathway in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1037-46. [PMID: 22245142 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Our recent study have shown that resveratrol (RV), a natural plant polyphenol found in red grape skins as well as other food product, induced apoptosis via the downstream factors, caspase-independent AIF and to lesser extent caspase-9, of intrinsic apoptosis pathway in human lung adenocarcinoma (ASTC-a-1) cells. This report is designed to explore the roles of the upstream mediators of the intrinsic pathway, such as Bak/Bax, Bim, Puma and Noxa, during RV-induced apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma (ASTC-a-1 and A549) cell lines. RV treatment remarkably induced the activation of Bak but not Bax, and silencing Bak but not Bax by shRNA almost completely prevented RV-induced cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction and also largely prevented RV-induced AIF release, demonstrating the preferential engagement of Bak but not Bax during RV-induced apoptosis. In addition, although RV treatment induced a significant degradation of Mcl-1, knockdown of Mcl-1 by shRNA only modestly increased RV-induced Bak activation. Interestingly, silencing Bim but not Puma and Noxa remarkably attenuated RV-induced cell death, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and Bak activation, suggesting the important roles of Bim. Collectively, our findings for the first time demonstrate that RV induces apoptosis dominantly via a Bak- but not Bax-mediated AIF-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway in which Bim but not Puma and Noxa may supply the force to trigger Bak activation and subsequent apoptosis in both ASTC-a-1 and A549 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- MOE Key Libratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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Estrogen-mediated upregulation of Noxa is associated with cell cycle progression in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29466. [PMID: 22216287 PMCID: PMC3245278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Noxa is a Bcl-2-homology domain (BH3)-only protein reported to be a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family. Estrogen has been well documented to stimulate cell growth and inhibit apoptosis in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cells. Intriguingly, recent reports have shown that 17β-estradiol (E2) induces Noxa expression, although the mechanisms underlying E2-mediated induction of Noxa and its functional significance are unknown. Using MCF7 human breast cancer cells as an experimental model, we show that Noxa is upregulated by E2 via p53-independent processes that involve c-Myc and ERα. Experiments using small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNA) to specifically knock down p53, c-Myc, and ERα demonstrated that c-Myc and ERα, but not p53, are involved in the transcriptional upregulation of Noxa following E2 treatment. Furthermore, while E2 promoted the recruitment of c-Myc and ERα to the NOXA promoter in chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, E2 did not induce p53 recruitment. Interestingly, E2-mediated upregulation of Noxa was not associated with apoptosis. However, siRNA-mediated knockdown of Noxa resulted in cell cycle arrest in G(0)/G(1)-phase and significantly delayed the G(1)-to-S-phase transition following E2 treatment, indicating that Noxa expression is required for cell cycle progression in ER-positive breast cancer cells.
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Rouette A, Parent S, Girouard J, Leblanc V, Asselin E. Cisplatin increases B-cell-lymphoma-2 expression via activation of protein kinase C and Akt2 in endometrial cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2011; 130:1755-67. [PMID: 21618512 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Human carcinomas often show resistance to cisplatin and Bcl-2 is associated with resistance to cisplatin. However, Bcl-2 regulation on cisplatin treatment in human cancers is unknown. Here, we show a novel mechanism by which cisplatin treatment promotes resistance by increasing the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA. Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression was increased in cisplatin-resistant endometrial cancer cell lines (KLE and HEC-1-A), but not in cisplatin-sensitive cell line (Ishikawa). Cisplatin-mediated increase in Bcl-2 expression was blocked by combination with either actinomycin D or cycloheximide. In addition, Bcl-2 inhibition by HA14-1 led to increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis in KLE and HEC-1-A, whereas Bcl-2 overexpression in Ishikawa led to decreased cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) activity prevented cisplatin-dependant increase in Bcl-2 mRNA, and induced apoptosis in KLE cells. Furthermore, PKC inhibition was associated with decreased Akt and NF-κB activity. Cells stably expressing shRNA for Akt isoforms revealed that Akt2 was involved in cisplatin-dependant increase in Bcl-2 and apoptosis. Overexpression of Akt2 in Akt2-deficient cells led to increased Bcl-2 expression on cisplatin treatment. Our data suggest a novel regulation pathway of Bcl-2 by cisplatin, via the activation of PKC and Akt2, which has a profound impact on resistance to cisplatin-induced apoptosis in endometrial cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Rouette
- Research Group in Molecular Oncology and Endocrinology, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
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Arısan ED, Coker A, Palavan-Ünsal N. Polyamine depletion enhances the roscovitine-induced apoptosis through the activation of mitochondria in HCT116 colon carcinoma cells. Amino Acids 2011; 42:655-65. [PMID: 21809075 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) show high therapeutic potential in various cancer types which are characterized by the accumulation of transformed cells due to impaired apoptotic machinery. Roscovitine, a CDK inhibitor showed to be a potent apoptotic inducer in several cancer cells. Polyamines, putrescine, spermidine and spermine, are biogenic amines involved in many cellular processes, including apoptosis. In this study, we explored the potential role of polyamines in roscovitine-induced apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells. Roscovitine induced apoptosis by activating mitochondrial pathway caspases and modulating the expression of Bcl-2 family members. Depletion of polyamines by treatment with difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) increased roscovitine-induced apoptosis. Transient silencing of ornithine decarboxylase, polyamine biosynthesis enzyme and special target of DFMO also increased roscovitine-induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells. Interestingly, additional putrescine treatment was found pro-apoptotic due to the presence of non-functional ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Finally, roscovitine altered polyamine catabolic pathway and led to decrease in putrescine and spermidine levels. Therefore, the metabolic regulation of polyamines may dictate the power of roscovitine induced apoptotic responses in HCT116 colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Damla Arısan
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Istanbul Kultur University, Science and Literature Faculty, Atakoy Campus, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
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Han S, Wei W. Camptothecin induces apoptosis of human retinoblastoma cells via activation of FOXO1. Curr Eye Res 2011; 36:71-7. [PMID: 21174601 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2010.510943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the pro-apoptotic effect of camptothecin (CPT) on Y79 retinoblastoma cells and the role of Forkhead box, class O (FOXO1) in CPT-induced apoptosis. METHODS CPT-induced apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC positive cells and Western blot of PARP expression, respectively. The expressions of FOXO1 were detected by Western blot. The transcriptional activity of FOXO1 was determined by luciferase reporter assay. siRNAs specifically inhibiting FOXO1 were used, and flow cytometry and Western blot were executed to test the role of FOXO1 in CPT-induced apoptosis. RESULTS CPT was extremely effective in inducing apoptosis of Y79 retinoblastoma cells. FOXO1 was highly expressed in Y79 cells. CPT not only elevated the FOXO1 dephosphorylation level but also promoted its transcriptional activity, suggesting that the activation of FOXO1 was, at least in part, triggered by CPT. The decreased annexin V positive cells and less PARP cleavage demonstrated that siRNAs-mediated inhibition of FOXO1 significantly abrogated CPT-induced apoptosis, indicating that FOXO1 plays an important role in CPT-induced apoptosis. Moreover, the expression of Bim was also elevated with the treatment of CPT, which is in accordance with the activation of FOXO1. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides the evidence that a high level of endogenous FOXO1 expression in retinoblastoma cells contributes, at least in part, to CPT-induced apoptosis, which may help broad application of CPT in retinoblastoma therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Han
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
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Tyrosine dephosphorylation is required for Bak activation in apoptosis. EMBO J 2010; 29:3853-68. [PMID: 20959805 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2010.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the cell-death mediator Bak commits a cell to mitochondrial apoptosis. The initial steps that govern Bak activation are poorly understood. To further clarify these pivotal events, we have investigated whether post-translational modifications of Bak impinge on its activation potential. In this study, we report that on apoptotic stimulation Bak undergoes dephosphorylation at tyrosine residue 108 (Y108), a critical event that is necessary but not sufficient for Bak activation, but is required both for early exposure of the occluded N-terminal domain and multimerisation. RNA interference (RNAi) screening identified non-receptor tyrosine phosphatases (PTPNs) required for Bak dephosphorylation and apoptotic induction through chemotherapeutic agents. Specifically, modulation of PTPN5 protein expression by siRNA and overexpression directly affected both Bak-Y108 phosphorylation and the initiation of Bak activation. We further show that MEK/ERK signalling directly affects Bak phosphorylation through inhibition of PTPN5 to promote cell survival. We propose a model of Bak activation in which the regulation of Bak dephosphorylation constitutes the initial step in the activation process, which reveals a previously unsuspected mechanism controlling the initiation of mitochondrial apoptosis.
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Basu A, Krishnamurthy S. Cellular responses to Cisplatin-induced DNA damage. J Nucleic Acids 2010; 2010:201367. [PMID: 20811617 PMCID: PMC2929606 DOI: 10.4061/2010/201367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most effective anticancer agents widely used in the treatment of solid tumors. It is generally considered as a cytotoxic drug which kills cancer cells by damaging DNA and inhibiting DNA synthesis. How cells respond to cisplatin-induced DNA damage plays a critical role in deciding cisplatin sensitivity. Cisplatin-induced DNA damage activates various signaling pathways to prevent or promote cell death. This paper summarizes our current understandings regarding the mechanisms by which cisplatin induces cell death and the bases of cisplatin resistance. We have discussed various steps, including the entry of cisplatin inside cells, DNA repair, drug detoxification, DNA damage response, and regulation of cisplatin-induced apoptosis by protein kinases. An understanding of how various signaling pathways regulate cisplatin-induced cell death should aid in the development of more effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alakananda Basu
- Department of Molecular Biology & Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center and Institute for Cancer Research, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Soumya Krishnamurthy
- Department of Molecular Biology & Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center and Institute for Cancer Research, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Ackler S, Mitten MJ, Foster K, Oleksijew A, Refici M, Tahir SK, Xiao Y, Tse C, Frost DJ, Fesik SW, Rosenberg SH, Elmore SW, Shoemaker AR. The Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-263 enhances the response of multiple chemotherapeutic regimens in hematologic tumors in vivo. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2010; 66:869-80. [PMID: 20099064 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-009-1232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to test the ability of the Bcl-2 family inhibitor ABT-263 to potentiate commonly used chemotherapeutic agents and regimens in hematologic tumor models. METHODS Models of B-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma were tested in vitro and in vivo with ABT-263 in combination with standard chemotherapeutic regimens, including VAP, CHOP and R-CHOP, as well as single cytotoxic agents including etoposide, rituximab, bortezomib and cyclophosphamide. Alterations in Bcl-2 family member expression patterns were analyzed to define mechanisms of potentiation. RESULTS ABT-263 was additive with etoposide, vincristine and VAP in vitro in the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma line (DLBCL) DoHH-2, while rituximab potentiated its activity in SuDHL-4. Bortezomib strongly synergized with ABT-263 in the mantle cell lymphoma line Granta 519. Treatment of DoHH-2 with etoposide was associated with an increase in Puma expression, while bortezomib upregulated Noxa expression in Granta 519. Combination of ABT-263 with cytotoxic agents demonstrated superior tumor growth inhibition and delay in multiple models versus cytotoxic therapy alone, along with significant improvements in tumor response rates. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of the Bcl-2 family of proteins by ABT-263 enhances the cytotoxicity of multiple chemotherapeutics in hematologic tumors and represents a promising addition to the therapeutic arsenal for treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Ackler
- Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA.
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Sundberg TB, Swenson L, Wahl DR, Opipari AW, Glick GD. Apoptotic signaling activated by modulation of the F0F1-ATPase: implications for selective killing of autoimmune lymphocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 331:437-44. [PMID: 19706792 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.109.156422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
7-Chloro-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-(napthalen-2-ylmetyl)-4,5,-dihydro-1H-benzo[b][1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one (Bz-423) is a proapoptotic 1,4-benzodiazepine that potently suppresses disease in the murine model of lupus by selectively killing pathogenic lymphocytes. In MRL/MpJ-Fas(lpr) (MRL-lpr) mice, Bz-423 overcomes deficient expression of the Fas death receptor and hyperactivation of antiapoptotic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt signaling to specifically kill pathogenic CD4(+) T cells. Bz-423 binds to the oligomycin-sensitivity-conferring protein component of the mitochondrial F(0)F(1)-ATPase, which modulates the enzyme leading to formation of superoxide by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Scavenging this reactive oxygen species blocks all subsequent components of the apoptotic cascade. To gain insight into how apoptotic signaling activated by Bz-423-induced superoxide contributes to the selective depletion of MRL-lpr CD4(+) T cells, we characterized the death mechanism in a CD4(+) T cell leukemia line (Jurkat). Although Bz-423-induced superoxide indirectly inactivates Akt, this response is not required for T cell death. Apoptosis instead results from parallel increases in levels of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins Noxa and Bak leading to specific activation of Bak, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, and a commitment to apoptosis. By directly up-regulating proteins that trigger loss of mitochondrial outer membrane integrity, Bz-423 bypasses defective Fas function and antiapoptotic PI3K-Akt signaling in MRL-lpr CD4(+) T cells. Moreover, because disease-associated abnormalities should sensitize autoreactive CD4(+) T cells to transcriptional up-regulation of Noxa by redox signals and to Bak-dependent apoptosis, the apoptotic mechanism elucidated in Jurkat cells provides important clues into the cell-type- and disease-selective effects of Bz-423 in MRL-lpr mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B Sundberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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