1
|
Ikuta T, Kanda H. Tumor formation at ileocecal junction associated with interleukin-1β upregulation in aryl hydrocarbon receptor-deficient mouse. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23736. [PMID: 38769691 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor. We previously reported spontaneous ileocecal tumorigenesis in AhR-deficient mice after the age of 10 weeks, which originated in the confined area between ileum and cecum. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism that causes tumor development at this particular location. To observe mucosal architecture in detail, tissues of ileocecal region were stained with methylene blue. Gene expression profile in the ileocecal tissue was compared with cecum. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with ileocecal tissues using antibodies against ileum-specific Reg3β or cecum-specific Pitx2. In AhR+/+ mice and AhR+/- mice, that do not develop lesions, methylene blue staining revealed the gradually changing shape and arrangement of villi from ileum to cecum. It was also observed in AhR-deficient mice before developing lesions. Microarray-based analysis revealed abundant antimicrobial genes, such as Reg3, in the ileocecal tissue while FGFR2 and Pitx2 were specific to cecum. Immunohistochemical analysis of AhR-deficient mice indicated that lesions originated from the ileocecal junction, a boundary area between different epithelial types. Site-specific gene expression analysis revealed higher expression of IL-1β at the ileocecal junction compared with the ileum or cecum of 9-11-week-old AhR-deficient mice. These findings indicate that AhR plays a vital function in the ileocecal junction. Regulating AhR activity can potentially manage the stability of ileocecal tissue possessing cancer-prone characteristics. This investigation contributes to understanding homeostasis in different epithelial transitional tissues, frequently associated with pathological states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Togo Ikuta
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kanda
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Congues F, Wang P, Lee J, Lin D, Shahid A, Xie J, Huang Y. Targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor to prevent cancer in barrier organs. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116156. [PMID: 38518996 PMCID: PMC11144369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The skin, lung, and gut are important barrier organs that control how the body reacts to environmental stressors such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation, air pollutants, dietary components, and microorganisms. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis of barrier organs. AhR was initially discovered as a receptor for environmental chemical carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Activation of AhR pathways by PAHs leads to increased DNA damage and mutations which ultimately lead to carcinogenesis. Ongoing evidence reveals an ever-expanding role of AhR. Recently, AhR has been linked to immune systems by the interaction with the development of natural killer (NK) cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells, and T helper 17 (Th17) cells, as well as the production of immunosuppressive cytokines. However, the role of AhR in carcinogenesis is not as straightforward as we initially thought. Although AhR activation has been shown to promote carcinogenesis in some studies, others suggest that it may act as a tumor suppressor. In this review, we aim to explore the role of AhR in the development of cancer that originates from barrier organs. We also examined the preclinical efficacy data of AhR agonists and antagonists on carcinogenesis to determine whether AhR modulation can be a viable option for cancer chemoprevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francoise Congues
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Joshua Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Daphne Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Ayaz Shahid
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Jianming Xie
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vázquez-Gómez G, Petráš J, Dvořák Z, Vondráček J. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) play both distinct and common roles in the regulation of colon homeostasis and intestinal carcinogenesis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115797. [PMID: 37696457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Both aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) belong among key regulators of xenobiotic metabolism in the intestinal tissue. AhR in particular is activated by a wide range of environmental and dietary carcinogens. The data accumulated over the last two decades suggest that both of these transcriptional regulators play a much wider role in the maintenance of gut homeostasis, and that both transcription factors may affect processes linked with intestinal tumorigenesis. Intestinal epithelium is continuously exposed to a wide range of AhR, PXR and dual AhR/PXR ligands formed by intestinal microbiota or originating from diet. Current evidence suggests that specific ligands of both AhR and PXR can protect intestinal epithelium against inflammation and assist in the maintenance of epithelial barrier integrity. AhR, and to a lesser extent also PXR, have been shown to play a protective role against inflammation-induced colon cancer, or, in mouse models employing overactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In contrast, other evidence suggests that both receptors may contribute to modulation of transformed colon cell behavior, with a potential to promote cancer progression and/or chemoresistance. The review focuses on both overlapping and separate roles of the two receptors in these processes, and on possible implications of their activity within the context of intestinal tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Vázquez-Gómez
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Petráš
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shi B, Zhang X, Song Z, Dai Z, Luo K, Chen B, Zhou Z, Cui Y, Feng B, Zhu Z, Zheng J, Zhang H, He X. Targeting gut microbiota-derived kynurenine to predict and protect the remodeling of the pressure-overloaded young heart. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg7417. [PMID: 37450589 PMCID: PMC10348671 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg7417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Pressure-overloaded left ventricular remodeling in young population is progressive and readily degenerate into heart failure. The aims of this study were to identify a plasma metabolite that predicts and is mechanistically linked to the disease. Untargeted metabolomics determined elevated plasma kynurenine (Kyn) in both the patient cohorts and the mice model, which was correlated with remodeling parameters. In vitro and in vivo evidence, combined with single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), demonstrated that Kyn affected both cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AHR) to up-regulate hypertrophy- and fibrosis-related genes. Shotgun metagenomics and fecal microbiota transplantation revealed the existence of the altered gut microbiota-Kyn relationship. Supplementation of selected microbes reconstructed the gut microbiota, reduced plasma Kyn, and alleviated ventricular remodeling. Our data collectively discovered a gut microbiota-derived metabolite to activate AHR and its gene targets in remodeling young heart, a process that could be prevented by specific gut microbiota modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bozhong Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhiying Song
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Zihao Dai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zijie Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yue Cui
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Bei Feng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhongqun Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jinghao Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiaomin He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
- Heart Center and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine; 1678 Dongfang Road, Shanghai 200127, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Z, Li X, Wang Y, Wei Y, Wei X. Involvement of inflammasomes in tumor microenvironment and tumor therapies. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 36932407 PMCID: PMC10022228 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are macromolecular platforms formed in response to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, whose formation would cause maturation of interleukin-1 (IL-1) family members and gasdermin D (GSDMD), leading to IL-1 secretion and pyroptosis respectively. Several kinds of inflammasomes detecting different types of dangers have been found. The activation of inflammasomes is regulated at both transcription and posttranscription levels, which is crucial in protecting the host from infections and sterile insults. Present findings have illustrated that inflammasomes are involved in not only infection but also the pathology of tumors implying an important link between inflammation and tumor development. Generally, inflammasomes participate in tumorigenesis, cell death, metastasis, immune evasion, chemotherapy, target therapy, and radiotherapy. Inflammasome components are upregulated in some tumors, and inflammasomes can be activated in cancer cells and other stromal cells by DAMPs, chemotherapy agents, and radiation. In some cases, inflammasomes inhibit tumor progression by initiating GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in cancer cells and stimulating IL-1 signal-mediated anti-tumor immunity. However, IL-1 signal recruits immunosuppressive cell subsets in other cases. We discuss the conflicting results and propose some possible explanations. Additionally, we also summarize interventions targeting inflammasome pathways in both preclinical and clinical stages. Interventions targeting inflammasomes are promising for immunotherapy and combination therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Li
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Safe S, Han H, Jayaraman A, Davidson LA, Allred CD, Ivanov I, Yang Y, Cai JJ, Chapkin RS. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Signaling in Colonic Cells and Tumors. RECEPTORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 2:93-99. [PMID: 38651159 PMCID: PMC11034912 DOI: 10.3390/receptors2010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is overexpressed in many tumor types and exhibits tumor-specific tumor promoter and tumor suppressor-like activity. In colon cancer, most but not all studies suggest that the AhR exhibits tumor suppressor activity which is enhanced by AhR ligands acting as agonists. Our studies investigated the role of the AhR in colon tumorigenesis using wild-type and AhR-knockout mice, the inflammation model of colon tumorigenesis using mice treated with azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and APCS580/+; KrasG12D/+ mice all of which form intestinal tumors. The effects of tissue-specific AhR loss in the intestine of the tumor-forming mice on colonic stem cells, organoid-initiating capacity, colon tumor formation and mechanisms of AhR-mediated effects were investigated. Loss of AhR enhanced stem cell and tumor growth and in the AOM/DSS model AhR-dependent suppression of FOXM1 and downstream genes was important for AhR-dependent anticancer activity. Furthermore, the effectiveness of interleukin-22 (IL22) in colonic epithelial cells was also dependent on AhR expression. IL22 induced phosphorylation of STAT3, inhibited colonic organoid growth, promoted colonic cell proliferation in vivo and enhanced DNA repair in AOM/DSS-induced tumors. In this mouse model, the AhR suppressed SOCS3 expression and enhanced IL22-mediated activation of STAT3, whereas the loss of the AhR increased levels of SOCS3 which in turn inhibited IL22-induced STAT3 activation. In the APCS580/+; KrasG12D/+ mouse model, the loss of the AhR enhanced Wnt signaling and colon carcinogenesis. Results in both mouse models of colon carcinogenesis were complemented by single cell transcriptomics on colonic intestinal crypts which also showed that AhR deletion promoted expression of FOXM1-regulated genes in multiple colonic cell subtypes. These results support the role of the AhR as a tumor suppressor-like gene in the colon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Huajun Han
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Laurie A. Davidson
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Clinton D. Allred
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - James J. Cai
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Robert S. Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Perez-Castro L, Venkateswaran N, Garcia R, Hao YH, Lafita-Navarro MC, Kim J, Segal D, Saponzik E, Chang BJ, Fiolka R, Danuser G, Xu L, Brabletz T, Conacci-Sorrell M. The AHR target gene scinderin activates the WNT pathway by facilitating the nuclear translocation of β-catenin. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs260028. [PMID: 36148682 PMCID: PMC10658791 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The ligand-activated transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) regulates cellular detoxification, proliferation and immune evasion in a range of cell types and tissues, including cancer cells. In this study, we used RNA-sequencing to identify the signature of the AHR target genes regulated by the pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) and the endogenous ligand kynurenine (Kyn), a tryptophan-derived metabolite. This approach identified a signature of six genes (CYP1A1, ALDH1A3, ABCG2, ADGRF1 and SCIN) as commonly activated by endogenous or exogenous ligands of AHR in multiple colon cancer cell lines. Among these, the actin-severing protein scinderin (SCIN) was necessary for cell proliferation; SCIN downregulation limited cell proliferation and its expression increased it. SCIN expression was elevated in a subset of colon cancer patient samples, which also contained elevated β-catenin levels. Remarkably, SCIN expression promoted nuclear translocation of β-catenin and activates the WNT pathway. Our study identifies a new mechanism for adhesion-mediated signaling in which SCIN, likely via its ability to alter the actin cytoskeleton, facilitates the nuclear translocation of β-catenin. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth Perez-Castro
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | - Roy Garcia
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yi-Heng Hao
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - M. C. Lafita-Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dagan Segal
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Etai Saponzik
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bo-Jui Chang
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Reto Fiolka
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gaudenz Danuser
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, University Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Maralice Conacci-Sorrell
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vafaei S, Taheri H, Hajimomeni Y, Fakhre Yaseri A, Abolhasani Zadeh F. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in colorectal cancer: potential therapeutic target. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1881-1889. [PMID: 35689136 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
All phases of carcinogenesis are affected by inflammation. Activation of the inflammasome is a crucial signaling mechanism that leads to acute and chronic inflammation. When specific nucleotide-binding domains, leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins (NLRs) are activated, inflammasomes are formed. The NLRP3 is one of the NLR family members with the most functional characterization. NLRP3 can modulate the immune systems, apoptosis, growth, and/or the gut microbiome to impact cancer development. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers, and it begins as a tissue overgrowth on the internal part of the rectum or colon. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that the NLRP3 inflammasome has a role in CRC development due to its broad activity in shaping immune responses. Here, onwards, we focus on the NLRP3 inflammasome role in CRC development, as well as the therapeutic prospective of modifying NLRP3 inflammasome in the context of anti-cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Vafaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Taheri
- Internal Medicine Cellular and Molecular, Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Fellowship of GI in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Yasamin Hajimomeni
- Islamic Azad University of Medical Science, Qeshm International Branch, Qeshm, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
McGovern K, Castro AC, Cavanaugh J, Coma S, Walsh M, Tchaicha J, Syed S, Natarajan P, Manfredi M, Zhang XM, Ecsedy J. Discovery and Characterization of a Novel Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor, IK-175, and Its Inhibitory Activity on Tumor Immune Suppression. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1261-1272. [PMID: 35666806 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a transcription factor that regulates the activity of multiple innate and adaptive immune cells subsequent to binding to numerous endogenous and exogenous ligands. For example, AHR is activated by the metabolite kynurenine, which is secreted into the tumor microenvironment by cancer cells leading to broad immunosuppression. Therefore, AHR inhibition provides a novel and ideal approach to stimulate immune-mediated recognition and subsequent eradication of tumor cells. We report here the discovery and characterization of IK-175, a novel, potent and selective AHR antagonist with favorable ADME and pharmacokinetic profiles in preclinical species. IK-175 inhibits AHR activity in experimental systems derived from multiple species including mouse, rat, monkey, and humans. In human primary immune cells, IK-175 decreased AHR target gene expression and anti-inflammatory cytokine release and increased proinflammatory cytokine release. Moreover, IK-175 led to a decrease in suppressive IL17A-, IL-22+ expressing T cells in a Th17 differentiation assay. IK-175 dose dependently blocks ligand-stimulated AHR activation of Cyp1a1 transcription in mouse liver and spleen, demonstrating on-target in vivo activity. IK-175 increases proinflammatory phenotype of the tumor microenvironment in mouse syngeneic tumors and in adjacent tumor-draining lymph nodes. As a monotherapy and combined with an anti-PD-1 antibody, IK-175 demonstrates antitumor activity in syngeneic mouse models of colorectal cancer and melanoma. IK-175 also demonstrates antitumor activity combined with liposomal doxorubicin in syngeneic mouse tumors. These studies provide rationale for targeting AHR in patients with cancer. IK-175 is being evaluated in a phase I clinical trial in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Collapse
|
10
|
Xing C, Du Y, Duan T, Nim K, Chu J, Wang HY, Wang RF. Interaction between microbiota and immunity and its implication in colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:963819. [PMID: 35967333 PMCID: PMC9373904 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.963819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. Besides genetic causes, colonic inflammation is one of the major risk factors for CRC development, which is synergistically regulated by multiple components, including innate and adaptive immune cells, cytokine signaling, and microbiota. The complex interaction between CRC and the gut microbiome has emerged as an important area of current CRC research. Metagenomic profiling has identified a number of prominent CRC-associated bacteria that are enriched in CRC patients, linking the microbiota composition to colitis and cancer development. Some microbiota species have been reported to promote colitis and CRC development in preclinical models, while a few others are identified as immune modulators to induce potent protective immunity against colitis and CRC. Mechanistically, microbiota regulates the activation of different immune cell populations, inflammation, and CRC via crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), type I interferon, and inflammasome. In this review, we provide an overview of the potential interactions between gut microbiota and host immunity and how their crosstalk could synergistically regulate inflammation and CRC, thus highlighting the potential roles and mechanisms of gut microbiota in the development of microbiota-based therapies to prevent or alleviate colitis and CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Xing
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tianhao Duan
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kelly Nim
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Junjun Chu
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Helen Y. Wang
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rong-Fu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ikuta T, Koike A, Koike M. Detection of double-stranded DNA breaks and apoptosis induced by bleomycin in mouse intestine. J Toxicol Sci 2021; 46:611-618. [PMID: 34853246 DOI: 10.2131/jts.46.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is exposed to a myriad of mutagens, making the DNA damage response (DDR) essential to maintain intestinal homeostasis. In vivo models to study DDRs are necessary to understand the mechanisms of disease development caused by genetic disorders such as colorectal cancer. A double-stranded break (DSB) in DNA is the most toxic type of DNA damage; it can be induced by either X-rays or chemicals, including anticancer agents. If DSBs in DNA cannot be repaired, cells can die by apoptosis to be removed from tissues. Here, we show that the DDRs observed as the phosphorylation of H2AX (γH2AX) and caspase-3-dependent apoptosis-induction are under critical control in the intestine of C57BL mice that were injected intraperitoneally with bleomycin, a natural glycopeptide used clinically as an antitumor agent. We found a significant increase in γH2AX expression 2-6 hr post-treatment in mouse ileum, cecum, and colon tissues by Western blotting and immunostaining. Apoptotic cells were observed after 6-24 hr by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and immunofluorescence of active caspase-3. We observed that γH2AX expression and apoptotic cells were distributed in the lower part of the crypt. The experimental protocol described here is a simple procedure that can be used generally as an in vivo intestinal toxicity assay. Our experimental approach provides a useful method for examining the effects of various bioactive compounds on the DDR, which is essential for understanding intestinal homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Togo Ikuta
- Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center
| | - Aki Koike
- Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology
| | - Manabu Koike
- Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Han H, Safe S, Jayaraman A, Chapkin RS. Diet-Host-Microbiota Interactions Shape Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligand Production to Modulate Intestinal Homeostasis. Annu Rev Nutr 2021; 41:455-478. [PMID: 34633858 PMCID: PMC8667662 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-043020-090050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor that binds structurally diverse ligands and senses cues from environmental toxicants and physiologically relevant dietary/microbiota-derived ligands. The AhR is an ancient conserved protein and is widely expressed across different tissues in vertebrates and invertebrates. AhR signaling mediates a wide range of cellular functions in a ligand-, cell type-, species-, and context-specific manner. Dysregulation of AhR signaling is linked to many developmental defects and chronic diseases. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of AhR signaling in mediating bidirectional host-microbiome interactions. We also consider evidence showing the potential for the dietary/microbial enhancement ofhealth-promoting AhR ligands to improve clinical pathway management in the context of inflammatory bowel diseases and colon tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Han
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases and Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases and Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nolan LS, Mihi B, Agrawal P, Gong Q, Rimer JM, Bidani SS, Gale SE, Goree M, Hu E, Lanik WE, Huang E, Bando JK, Liu V, Lewis AN, Bustos A, Hodzic Z, Laury ML, Good M. Indole-3-Carbinol-Dependent Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Attenuates the Inflammatory Response in Experimental Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Immunohorizons 2021; 5:193-209. [PMID: 33906960 PMCID: PMC8173979 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) causes significant morbidity and mortality in premature infants; therefore, the identification of therapeutic and preventative strategies against NEC remains a high priority. The ligand-dependent transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is well known to contribute to the regulation of intestinal microbial communities and amelioration of intestinal inflammation. However, the role of AhR signaling in NEC is unclear. Experimental NEC was induced in 4-d-old wild-type mice or mice lacking AhR expression in the intestinal epithelial cells or AhR expression in CD11c+ cells (AhRΔCD11c) by subjecting animals to twice daily hypoxic stress and gavage feeding with formula supplemented with LPS and enteric bacteria. During NEC, compared with wild-type mice treated with vehicle, littermates treated with an AhR proligand, indole-3-carbinol, had reduced expression of Il1b and Marco, a scavenger receptor that mediates dendritic cell activation and the recognition and clearance of bacterial pathogens by macrophages. Furthermore, indole-3-carbinol treatment led to the downregulation of genes involved in cytokine and chemokine, as revealed by pathway enrichment analysis. AhR expression in the intestinal epithelial cells and their cre-negative mouse littermates were similarly susceptible to experimental NEC, whereas AhRΔCD11c mice with NEC exhibited heightened inflammatory responses compared with their cre-negative mouse littermates. In seeking to determine the mechanisms involved in this increased inflammatory response, we identified the Tim-4- monocyte-dependent subset of macrophages as increased in AhRΔCD11c mice compared with their cre-negative littermates. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the potential for AhR ligands as a novel immunotherapeutic approach to the management of this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lila S Nolan
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Belgacem Mihi
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Qingqing Gong
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jamie M Rimer
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Shay S Bidani
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sarah E Gale
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Martin Goree
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Elise Hu
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Wyatt E Lanik
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Elizabeth Huang
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jennifer K Bando
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Victoria Liu
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Angela N Lewis
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Aiza Bustos
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Zerina Hodzic
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA; and
| | - Marie L Laury
- Genome Technology Access Center, McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Misty Good
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Han H, Davidson LA, Hensel M, Yoon G, Landrock K, Allred C, Jayaraman A, Ivanov I, Safe SH, Chapkin RS. Loss of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Promotes Colon Tumorigenesis in ApcS580/+; KrasG12D/+ Mice. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:771-783. [PMID: 33495399 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The mutational genetic landscape of colorectal cancer has been extensively characterized; however, the ability of "cooperation response genes" to modulate the function of cancer "driver" genes remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, in modulating oncogenic cues in the colon. We show that intestinal epithelial cell-targeted AhR knockout (KO) promotes the expansion and clonogenic capacity of colonic stem/progenitor cells harboring ApcS580/+; KrasG12D/+ mutations by upregulating Wnt signaling. The loss of AhR in the gut epithelium increased cell proliferation, reduced mouse survival rate, and promoted cecum and colon tumorigenesis in mice. Mechanistically, the antagonism of Wnt signaling induced by Lgr5 haploinsufficiency attenuated the effects of AhR KO on cecum and colon tumorigenesis. IMPLICATIONS: Our findings reveal that AhR signaling plays a protective role in genetically induced colon tumorigenesis at least by suppressing Wnt signaling and provides rationale for the AhR as a therapeutic target for cancer prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Han
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Laurie A Davidson
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Martha Hensel
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Grace Yoon
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Kerstin Landrock
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Clinton Allred
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Stephen H Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas. .,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
AhR and Cancer: From Gene Profiling to Targeted Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020752. [PMID: 33451095 PMCID: PMC7828536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that has been shown to be an essential regulator of a broad spectrum of biological activities required for maintaining the body’s vital functions. AhR also plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. Its role in cancer is complex, encompassing both pro- and anti-tumorigenic activities. Its level of expression and activity are specific to each tumor and patient, increasing the difficulty of understanding the activating or inhibiting roles of AhR ligands. We explored the role of AhR in tumor cell lines and patients using genomic data sets and discuss the extent to which AhR can be considered as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
16
|
Han H, Jayaraman A, Safe S, Chapkin RS. Targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in stem cells to improve the use of food as medicine. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2021; 6:109-118. [PMID: 34395177 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-020-00184-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review Intestinal stem cells, the most rapidly proliferating adult stem cells, are exquisitely sensitive to extrinsic dietary factors. Uncontrolled regulation of intestinal stem cells is closely linked to colon tumorigenesis. This review focuses on how dietary and microbial derived cues regulate intestinal stem cell functionality and colon tumorigenesis in mouse models by targeting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Recent findings AhR, a ligand activated transcription factor, can integrate environmental, dietary and microbial cues to modulate intestinal stem cell proliferation, differentiation and their microenvironment, affecting colon cancer risk. Modulation of AhR activity is associated with many chronic diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases where AhR expression is protective. Summary AhR signaling controls the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells, influences local niche factors, and plays a protective role in colon tumorigenesis. Mounting evidence suggests that extrinsic nutritional/dietary cues which modulate AhR signaling may be a promising approach to colon cancer chemoprevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Han
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rannug A. How the AHR Became Important in Intestinal Homeostasis-A Diurnal FICZ/AHR/CYP1A1 Feedback Controls Both Immunity and Immunopathology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165681. [PMID: 32784381 PMCID: PMC7461111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ever since the 1970s, when profound immunosuppression caused by exogenous dioxin-like compounds was first observed, the involvement of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in immunomodulation has been the focus of considerable research interest. Today it is established that activation of this receptor by its high-affinity endogenous ligand, 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), plays important physiological roles in maintaining epithelial barriers. In the gut lumen, the small amounts of FICZ that are produced from L-tryptophan by microbes are normally degraded rapidly by the inducible cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) enzyme. This review describes how when the metabolic clearance of FICZ is attenuated by inhibition of CYP1A1, this compound passes through the intestinal epithelium to immune cells in the lamina propria. FICZ, the level of which is thus modulated by this autoregulatory loop involving FICZ itself, the AHR and CYP1A1, plays a central role in maintaining gut homeostasis by potently up-regulating the expression of interleukin 22 (IL-22) by group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). IL-22 stimulates various epithelial cells to produce antimicrobial peptides and mucus, thereby both strengthening the epithelial barrier against pathogenic microbes and promoting colonization by beneficial bacteria. Dietary phytochemicals stimulate this process by inhibiting CYP1A1 and causing changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota. The activity of CYP1A1 can be increased by other microbial products, including the short-chain fatty acids, thereby accelerating clearance of FICZ. In particular, butyrate enhances both the level of the AHR and CYP1A1 activity by stimulating histone acetylation, a process involved in the daily cycle of the FICZ/AHR/CYP1A1 feedback loop. It is now of key interest to examine the potential involvement of FICZ, a major physiological activator of the AHR, in inflammatory disorders and autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agneta Rannug
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Safe S, Jayaraman A, Chapkin RS. Ah receptor ligands and their impacts on gut resilience: structure-activity effects. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 50:463-473. [PMID: 32597352 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1773759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, dioxin) and structurally related halogenated aromatics modulate gene expression and induce biochemical and toxic responses that are mediated by initial binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). The AhR also binds structurally diverse compound including pharmaceuticals, endogenous biochemicals, health-promoting phytochemicals, and microbial metabolites. Many of these AhR ligands do not induce TCDD-like toxic responses and some AhR ligands such as microbial metabolites of tryptophan play a role in maintaining gut health and protecting against intestinal inflammation and cancer. Many AhR ligands exhibit tissue- and response-specific AhR agonist or antagonist activities, and act as selective AhR modulators (SAhRMs) and this SAhRM-like activity has also been observed in AhR-ligand-mediated effects in the intestine. This review summarizes studies showing that several AhR ligands including phytochemicals and TCDD protect against dextran sodium sulfate-induced intestinal inflammation. In contrast, AhR ligands such as oxazole compounds enhance intestinal inflammation suggesting that AhR-mediated gut health can be enhanced or decreased by selective AhR modulators and this needs to be considered in development of AhR ligands for therapeutic applications in treating intestinal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang X, Shao QH, Zhou H, Wu JL, Quan WQ, Ji P, Yao YW, Li D, Sun ZJ. Ginkgolide B inhibits lung cancer cells promotion via beclin-1-dependent autophagy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:194. [PMID: 32576183 PMCID: PMC7310550 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02980-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginkgolide B (GKB) is a major active component of the extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves, and it has been used as an anti-cancer agent. However, it is unknown whether GKB has the therapeutic effects on lung cancer. Here, we studied the effects of GKB on lung cancer cells. METHODS The effects of GKB on lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion were analyzed by cell counting kit (CCK-8) and cell invasion assays, respectively. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to confirm the expression of autophagy-associated proteins in GKB-treated cells. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to analyze the level of light chain 3B (LC3B). RESULTS Treatment with GKB time-dependently inhibited the proliferation and decreased the invasive capacity of A549 and H1975 cells. GKB induced apoptosis of these cells, but there was no significant effect on apoptosis compared to the control treatment. GKB-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and GKB-induced cell death were due to autophagy rather than apoptosis. GKB-induced autophagy of lung cancer cells was dependent on beclin-1, and autophagy-induced inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributed to the anti-tumor effect of GKB. CONCLUSIONS GKB-mediated autophagy of lung cancer cells is beclin-1-dependent and results in inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Therefore, GKB might be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200060 China
| | - Qi-Hui Shao
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200060 China
| | - Jun-Lu Wu
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Wen-Qiang Quan
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Ping Ji
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Yi-Wen Yao
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Dong Li
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Zu-Jun Sun
- grid.24516.340000000123704535Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065 China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Does NLRP3 Inflammasome and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Play an Interlinked Role in Bowel Inflammation and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer? Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102427. [PMID: 32456012 PMCID: PMC7287590 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a hallmark in many forms of cancer; with colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) being a progressive intestinal inflammation due to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While this is an exemplification of the negatives of inflammation, it is just as crucial to have some degree of the inflammatory process to maintain a healthy immune system. A pivotal component in the maintenance of such intestinal homeostasis is the innate immunity component, inflammasomes. Inflammasomes are large, cytosolic protein complexes formed following stimulation of microbial and stress signals that lead to the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been extensively studied in part due to its strong association with colitis and CAC. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has recently been acknowledged for its connection to the immune system aside from its role as an environmental sensor. AhR has been described to play a role in the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathway. This review will summarise the signalling pathways of both the NLRP3 inflammasome and AhR; as well as new-found links between these two signalling pathways in intestinal immunity and some potential therapeutic agents that have been found to take advantage of this link in the treatment of colitis and CAC.
Collapse
|
21
|
Trikha P, Lee DA. The role of AhR in transcriptional regulation of immune cell development and function. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1873:188335. [PMID: 31816350 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.188335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcriptional factor (TF) that is a member of the Per-Arnt-Sim family of proteins. AhR regulates diverse processes, including malignant transformation, hematopoietic cell development, and fate determination of immune cell lineages. Moreover, AhR forms a crucial link between innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. Malignant cells frequently evolve multiple mechanisms for suppressing tumor-specific responses, including the induction of suppressive pathways involving AhR and its metabolic byproducts in the tumor microenvironment that promote immune evasion and tumor progression. Thus, interest is high in further defining the role of AhR in carcinogenesis and immune development and regulation, particularly regarding the therapeutic interventions that unleash immune responses to cancer cells. Here, we provide an overview of the role of AhR in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune response and discuss the implications of targeting this pathway to augment the immune response in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Trikha
- Cellular Therapy & Cancer Immunotherapy Program, Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, WA-4112 Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, United States of America.
| | - Dean A Lee
- Cellular Therapy & Cancer Immunotherapy Program, Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, WA-4112 Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Matoba H, Takamoto M, Fujii C, Kawakubo M, Kasuga E, Matsumura T, Natori T, Misawa K, Taniguchi S, Nakayama J. Cecal Tumorigenesis in Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Deficient Mice Depends on Cecum-Specific Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Activation and Inflammation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 190:453-468. [PMID: 31734232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor known as a dioxin receptor. Recently, Ahr-/- mice were revealed to develop cecal tumors with inflammation and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. However, whether β-catenin degradation is AhR dependent remains unclear. To determine whether other signaling pathways function in Ahr-/- cecal tumorigenesis, we investigated histologic characteristics of the tumors and cytokine/chemokine production in tumors and Ahr-/- peritoneal macrophages. AhR expression was also assessed in human colorectal carcinomas. Of the 28 Ahr-/- mice, 10 developed cecal lesions by 50 weeks of age, an incidence significantly lower than previously reported. Cecal lesions of Ahr-/- mice developed from serrated hyperplasia to adenoma/dysplasia-like neoplasia with enhanced proliferation. Macrophage and neutrophil infiltration into the lesions was also observed early in serrated hyperplasia, although adjacent mucosa was devoid of inflammation. Il1b, Il6, Ccl2, and Cxcl5 were up-regulated at lesion sites, whereas only IL-6 production increased in Ahr-/- peritoneal macrophages after lipopolysaccharide + ATP stimulation. Neither Myc (alias c-myc) up-regulation nor β-catenin nuclear translocation was observed, unlike previously reported. Interestingly, enhanced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Src, and epidermal growth factor receptor and Amphiregulin up-regulation at Ahr-/- lesion sites were detected. In human serrated lesions, however, AhR expression in epithelial cells was up-regulated despite morphologic similarity to Ahr-/- cecal lesions. Our results suggest novel mechanisms underlying Ahr-/- cecal tumorigenesis, depending primarily on cecum-specific mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Matoba
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan; Department of Pathology, Ina Central Hospital, Ina, Japan
| | - Masaya Takamoto
- Department of Infection and Host Defense and Pathobiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Chifumi Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan; Department of Biotechnology, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan.
| | - Masatomo Kawakubo
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Eriko Kasuga
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuya Natori
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Ken Misawa
- Department of Pathology, Ina Central Hospital, Ina, Japan
| | - Shun'ichiro Taniguchi
- Comprehensive Cancer Therapy, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shiizaki K, Kido K, Mizuta Y. Insight into the relationship between aryl-hydrocarbon receptor and β-catenin in human colon cancer cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224613. [PMID: 31675361 PMCID: PMC6824560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Catenin is a multi-functional protein involved in cell adhesion and signal transduction and has a critical role in colorectal cancer development. β-Catenin positively regulates the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mediated signal by both induction of AhR expression and enhancement of AhR-dependent gene induction. Conversely, it was reported that AhR negatively regulates the β-catenin signal via ubiquitination and subsequent degradation in a ligand dependent manner. However, there have been conflicting data among previous studies regarding the relationship between these two proteins. In this report, we conducted confirmatory studies dissecting the relationship between AhR and β-catenin. We did not observe β-catenin degradation by AhR ligands in several colon cancer cell lines. Reporter assays revealed that the AhR ligand did not alter TcF/β-catenin dependent transcription. Yeast and mammalian two-hybrid assays failed to reconstruct the interaction of β-catenin and AhR even when other factors, Arnt, CUL4B, and DDB1, were co-expressed additionally. Independently to induction of AhR expression, β-catenin enhanced AhR-dependent transcriptional activation via the xenobiotic response element (XRE). Coimmunoprecipitation detected the formation of a β-catenin and ligand-activated AhR complex, which was thought to reflect the β-catenin mediated enhancement of the AhR signaling. Overall, we could only confirm unidirectional interaction, which is positive regulation of the AhR signal by β-catenin. These results suggested that data from previous reports on the degradation of β-catenin via liganded AhR warrants further investigation to yield clarity in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Shiizaki
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kenta Kido
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Mizuta
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vorontsova JE, Cherezov RO, Kuzin BA, Simonova OB. Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor as a Potential Target for Anticancer Therapy. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES B: BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750819010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
25
|
Abstract
Inflammasomes are molecular platforms that assemble upon sensing various intracellular stimuli. Inflammasome assembly leads to activation of caspase 1, thereby promoting the secretion of bioactive interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 and inducing an inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis. Effectors of the inflammasome efficiently drive an immune response, primarily providing protection against microbial infections and mediating control over sterile insults. However, aberrant inflammasome signalling is associated with pathogenesis of inflammatory and metabolic diseases, neurodegeneration and malignancies. Chronic inflammation perpetuated by inflammasome activation plays a central role in all stages of tumorigenesis, including immunosuppression, proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Conversely, inflammasome signalling also contributes to tumour suppression by maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, which portrays the diverse roles of inflammasomes in tumorigenesis. Studies have underscored the importance of environmental factors, such as diet and gut microbiota, in inflammasome signalling, which in turn influences tumorigenesis. In this Review, we deliver an overview of the interplay between inflammasomes and tumorigenesis and discuss their potential as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Karki
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Polydatin suppresses proliferation and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer cells by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via NF-κB pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:130-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
|
27
|
Vorontsova JE, Cherezov RO, Kuzin BA, Simonova OB. [Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor as a potential target for anticancer therapy]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2018; 64:397-415. [PMID: 30378556 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20186405397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor, whose functions are related to xenobiotic detoxification, response to inflammation, and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Recent investigations suggest that AHR also plays an important role in the processes of carcinogenesis. Increased expression of AHR is observed in several types of tumors and tumor cell lines. In addition, it turned out that the composition of pharmaceutical drugs used in oncotherapy includes some ligands AHR. These facts allow us to consider an aryl-hydrocarbon receptor as a potential target for anticancer therapy, especially for the treatment of severe cancers whose treatment options are very limited or do not exist at all. In this review the examples of AHR ligands' effect on tumor cell cultures and on model mice lines with AHR-dependent response are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J E Vorontsova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R O Cherezov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - B A Kuzin
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - O B Simonova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lafita-Navarro MC, Kim M, Borenstein-Auerbach N, Venkateswaran N, Hao YH, Ray R, Brabletz T, Scaglioni PP, Shay JW, Conacci-Sorrell M. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates nucleolar activity and protein synthesis in MYC-expressing cells. Genes Dev 2018; 32:1303-1308. [PMID: 30254109 PMCID: PMC6169836 DOI: 10.1101/gad.313007.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MYC enhances protein synthesis by regulating genes involved in ribosome biogenesis and protein translation. Here, we show that MYC-induced protein translation is mediated by the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which is induced by MYC in colonic cells. AHR promotes protein synthesis by activating the transcription of genes required for ribosome biogenesis and protein translation, including OGFOD1 and NOLC1. Using surface sensing of translation (SUnSET) to measure global protein translation, we found that silencing AHR or its targets diminishes protein synthesis. Therefore, targeting AHR or its downstream pathways could provide a novel approach to limit biomass production in MYC-driven tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen Lafita-Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Min Kim
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Nofit Borenstein-Auerbach
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Niranjan Venkateswaran
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Yi-Heng Hao
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Roshni Ray
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Pier Paolo Scaglioni
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, USA
| | - Jerry W Shay
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Maralice Conacci-Sorrell
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lamas B, Natividad JM, Sokol H. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and intestinal immunity. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1024-1038. [PMID: 29626198 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix-(bHLH) superfamily of transcription factors, which are associated with cellular responses to environmental stimuli, such as xenobiotics and oxygen levels. Unlike other members of bHLH, AhR is the only bHLH transcription factor that is known to be ligand activated. Early AhR studies focused on understanding the role of AhR in mediating the toxicity and carcinogenesis properties of the prototypic ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). In recent years, however, it has become apparent that, in addition to its toxicological involvement, AhR is highly receptive to a wide array of endogenous and exogenous ligands, and that its activation leads to a myriad of key host physiological functions. In this study, we review the current understanding of the functions of AhR in the mucosal immune system with a focus on its role in intestinal barrier function and intestinal immune cells, as well as in intestinal homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lamas
- Laboratoire de biomolécules, LBM, Sorbonne Université, École normale supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, INSERM, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, F-75005, France.,Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy en Josas, 78350, France
| | - Jane M Natividad
- Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy en Josas, 78350, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Laboratoire de biomolécules, LBM, Sorbonne Université, École normale supérieure, PSL Research University, CNRS, INSERM, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, F-75005, France. .,Micalis Institute, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy en Josas, 78350, France.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Deswaerte V, Nguyen P, West A, Browning AF, Yu L, Ruwanpura SM, Balic J, Livis T, Girard C, Preaudet A, Oshima H, Fung KY, Tye H, Najdovska M, Ernst M, Oshima M, Gabay C, Putoczki T, Jenkins BJ. Inflammasome Adaptor ASC Suppresses Apoptosis of Gastric Cancer Cells by an IL18-Mediated Inflammation-Independent Mechanism. Cancer Res 2017; 78:1293-1307. [PMID: 29282220 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are key regulators of innate immunity in chronic inflammatory disorders and autoimmune diseases, but their role in inflammation-associated tumorigenesis remains ill-defined. Here we reveal a protumorigenic role in gastric cancer for the key inflammasome adaptor apoptosis-related speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and its effector cytokine IL18. Genetic ablation of ASC in the gp130F/F spontaneous mouse model of intestinal-type gastric cancer suppressed tumorigenesis by augmenting caspase-8-like apoptosis in the gastric epithelium, independently from effects on myeloid cells and mucosal inflammation. This phenotype was characterized by reduced activation of caspase-1 and NF-κB activation and reduced expression of mature IL18, but not IL1β, in gastric tumors. Genetic ablation of IL18 in the same model also suppressed gastric tumorigenesis, whereas blockade of IL1β and IL1α activity upon genetic ablation of the IL1 receptor had no effect. The specific protumorigenic role for IL18 was associated with high IL18 gene expression in the gastric tumor epithelium compared with IL1β, which was preferentially expressed in immune cells. Supporting an epithelial-specific role for IL18, we found it to be highly secreted from human gastric cancer cell lines. Moreover, IL18 blockade either by a neutralizing anti-IL18 antibody or by CRISPR/Cas9-driven deletion of ASC augmented apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells. In clinical specimens of human gastric cancer tumors, we observed a significant positive correlation between elevated mature IL18 protein and ASC mRNA levels. Collectively, our findings reveal the ASC/IL18 signaling axis as a candidate therapeutic target in gastric cancer.Significance: Inflammasome activation that elevates IL18 helps drive gastric cancer by protecting cancer cells against apoptosis, with potential implications for new therapeutic strategies in this setting. Cancer Res; 78(5); 1293-307. ©2017 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Deswaerte
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Nguyen
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison West
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison F Browning
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liang Yu
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Saleela M Ruwanpura
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jesse Balic
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thaleia Livis
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charlotte Girard
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adele Preaudet
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hiroko Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ka Yee Fung
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hazel Tye
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Meri Najdovska
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Cem Gabay
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tracy Putoczki
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brendan J Jenkins
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. .,Department of Molecular Translational Science, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang H, Xu G, Huang Z, Li W, Cai H, Zhang Y, Xiong D, Liu G, Wang S, Xue Z, Luo Q. LRP6 targeting suppresses gastric tumorigenesis via P14 ARF-Mdm2-P53-dependent cellular senescence. Oncotarget 2017; 8:111597-111607. [PMID: 29340077 PMCID: PMC5762345 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
NLRP6, a member of the Nod-like receptor family, protects against chemically induced intestinal injury and colitis-associated colon cancer. However, the cellular mechanisms involved in this NLRP6-mediated protection remain unclear. Here, we show that NLRP6 was down-regulated in approximately 75% of primary gastric cancer cases and exhibited significant associations with advanced clinical-stage lymph node metastasis and poor overall survival. Functional studies established that ectopic overexpression or down-regulation of NLRP6 inhibited cancer cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase via P21 and Cyclin D1 both in vitro and in vivo. Activation of the P14ARF-P53 pathway played a crucial role in the observed cellular senescence. We further demonstrated that ectopic overexpression of NLRP6 combined with inactivation of NF-κB(p65) and Mdm2 activates P14ARF-P53 to promote the senescence of gastric cancer cells. These findings indicate that NLRP6 functions as a negative regulator of gastric cancer and offer a potential new option for preventing gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Guoxing Xu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Zhengjie Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Weizheng Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Huali Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Yunda Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Disheng Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Shengjie Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Zengfu Xue
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Alzahrani AM, Hanieh H, Ibrahim HIM, Mohafez O, Shehata T, Bani Ismail M, Alfwuaires M. Enhancing miR-132 expression by aryl hydrocarbon receptor attenuates tumorigenesis associated with chronic colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 52:342-351. [PMID: 29017096 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients is the major risk factor for colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). Recent evidences have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in CAC pathogenesis. However, the interaction of miRNAs with the transcription factors that alleviate CAC has not been reported. METHODS 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) were used to activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced CAC in mice. Real-time PCR was used to quantify the mRNAs of miRNA and coding genes while western blot and ELISA were used to quantify protein levels. Silencing miRNA was carried out by means of electroporation and locked nucleic acid (LNA)-miRNA. RESULTS Inducing CAC in mice upregulated miR-132 expression in the colon, spleen and lymph nodes at all stages of disease development. Activation of Ahr by TCDD or DIM boosted miR-132 expression and alleviated CAC severity by suppression of macrophage infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, TCDD, but not DIM, augmented a cholinergic anti-inflammation by inducing acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-targeting miR-132. This anti-inflammation was manifested by suppressed production of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Silencing miR-132 in vivo in TCDD-treated mice abrogated the cholinergic anti-inflammation and exacerbated CAC. In addition, inhibition of miR-132 in vitro in CD4+ cells and macrophages mitigated the inhibitory effect of TCDD on AChE catalytic activity. CONCLUSION Our findings identify miR-132 as a new molecule implicated in CAC pathogenesis, and reveal that miR-132 mediates the ameliorating effects of TCDD on CAC, suggesting miR-132 as a promising therapeutic candidate to control autoimmune inflammation and tumorigenesis in CAC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M Alzahrani
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, 31982 Hofouf, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamza Hanieh
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, 31982 Hofouf, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Omar Mohafez
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, 31982 Hofouf, Saudi Arabia; Biochemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Tamer Shehata
- Pharmaceutical Science Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, 31982 Hofouf, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Bani Ismail
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, 31982 Hofouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Alfwuaires
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, 31982 Hofouf, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang CF, Chen L, Li YC, Wu L, Yu GT, Zhang WF, Sun ZJ. NLRP3 inflammasome activation promotes inflammation-induced carcinogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:116. [PMID: 28865486 PMCID: PMC5581464 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0589-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background NLRP3 inflammasome acts as a danger signal sensor that triggers and coordinates the inflammatory response. However, the roles of NLRP3 inflammasome in the tumorigenesis and development of cancer stem cells (CSCs) of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) remain ambiguous. Methods In our study, tissue microarrays, ELISA, sphere-forming assay, colony formation assay and Western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the effect of NLRP3 inflammasome on the development of CSCs in human SCCHN tissue specimen, cell lines, and transgenic mouse SCCHN model. Results The components of NLRP3 inflammasome, namely, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, and IL-18 were correlated with CSCs markers BMI1, ALDH1 and CD44 in human SCCHN specimens. Moreover, NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were highly expressed in SCCHN cell lines. NLRP3 inflammasome activated by LPS and ATP promoted sphere-forming and colony formation capacities along with an upregulation of BMI1, ALDH1 and CD44. In addition, NLRP3 inflammasome blockade by NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 reduced sphere and colony number, also decreased the expression of BMI1, ALDH1 and CD44 in SCCHN cell lines. Expression of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, BMI1, ALDH1 and CD44 was upregulated in Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO mouse SCCHN model, and NLRP3 inflammasome expression was closely related to those CSCs makers in mice SCCHN. However, MCC950 treatment reduced the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome, CSCs markers BMI1, ALDH1 and CD44 in Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO mice SCCHN. In addition, blockade of NLRP3 inflammasome can also delayed the tumor-burdened speed in SCCHN mice. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that NLRP3 inflammasome was upregulated and associated with the carcinogenesis and CSCs self-renewal activation in SCCHN. NLRP3 inflammasome can be a potential target in the development of novel approaches for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0589-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Fa Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Cun Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang-Tao Yu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Feng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in carcinogenesis and potential as an anti-cancer drug target. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:2497-2513. [PMID: 28508231 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-1981-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was initially identified as the receptor that binds and mediates the toxic effects induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and structurally related halogenated aromatics. Other toxic compounds including some polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons act through the AhR; however, during the last 25 years, it has become apparent that the AhR plays an essential role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Moreover, the scope of ligands that bind the AhR includes endogenous compounds such as multiple tryptophan metabolites, other endogenous biochemicals, pharmaceuticals and health-promoting phytochemicals including flavonoids, indole-3-carbinol and its metabolites. It has also been shown that like other receptors, the AhR is a drug target for multiple diseases including cancer, where both AhR agonists and antagonists effectively block many of the critical hallmarks of cancer in multiple tumor types. This review describes the anti-cancer activities of AhR ligands and demonstrates that it is time to separate the AhR from TCDD and exploit the potential of the AhR as a novel target for cancer chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kawajiri K, Fujii-Kuriyama Y. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor: a multifunctional chemical sensor for host defense and homeostatic maintenance. Exp Anim 2016; 66:75-89. [PMID: 27980293 PMCID: PMC5411294 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.16-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a pivotal chemical sensor that transduces
extrinsic and intrinsic signals into cellular responses. AHR was originally thought to be
involved in not only drug metabolism but also carcinogenic and toxicological responses
against environmental contaminants, such as
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons. However, recent studies demonstrate that the AHR plays multiple intrinsic
roles in host defense and homeostasis as well, including immunity, stem cell maintenance,
and cell differentiation, upon binding with an increasing number of newly defined dietary,
cellular, and microbe-derived ligands. In addition, AHR is a convergence point for several
signaling cascades, which may be involved in the diverse diseases caused by binding of the
persistent ligand TCDD with extremely high affinity to AHR. A comprehensive understanding
of physiological and pathological processes initiated by endogenous AHR agonists and
antagonists may allow for the therapeutic regulation of AHR activity. Thus, the AHR can be
a valuable diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaname Kawajiri
- Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, 818 Komuro, Ina-machi, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Fujii-Kuriyama
- Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Antioxidant Functions of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7943495. [PMID: 27829840 PMCID: PMC5088273 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7943495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor belonging to the basic helix-loop-helix/PER-ARNT-SIM family. It is activated by a variety of ligands, such as environmental contaminants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or dioxins, but also by naturally occurring compounds and endogenous ligands. Binding of the ligand leads to dimerization of the AhR with aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) and transcriptional activation of several xenobiotic phase I and phase II metabolizing enzymes. It is generally accepted that the toxic responses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, and structurally related compounds are mediated by activation of the AhR. A multitude of studies indicate that the AhR operates beyond xenobiotic metabolism and exerts pleiotropic functions. Increasing evidence points to a protective role of the AhR against carcinogenesis and oxidative stress. Herein, I will highlight data demonstrating a causal role of the AhR in the antioxidant response and present novel findings on potential AhR-mediated antioxidative mechanisms.
Collapse
|
37
|
Bergstrom K, Liu X, Zhao Y, Gao N, Wu Q, Song K, Cui Y, Li Y, McDaniel JM, McGee S, Chen W, Huycke MM, Houchen CW, Zenewicz LA, West CM, Chen H, Braun J, Fu J, Xia L. Defective Intestinal Mucin-Type O-Glycosylation Causes Spontaneous Colitis-Associated Cancer in Mice. Gastroenterology 2016; 151:152-164.e11. [PMID: 27059389 PMCID: PMC5068133 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Core 1- and core 3-derived mucin-type O-linked oligosaccharides (O-glycans) are major components of the colonic mucus layer. Defective forms of colonic O-glycans, such as the Thomsen-nouveau (Tn) antigen, frequently are observed in patients with ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer, but it is not clear if they contribute to their pathogenesis. We investigated whether and how impaired O-glycosylation contributes to the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer using mice lacking intestinal core 1- and core 3-derived O-glycans. METHODS We generated mice that lack core 1- and core 3-derived intestinal O-glycans (DKO mice) and analyzed them, along with mice that singly lack intestinal epithelial core 1 O-glycans (IEC C1galt1(-/-) mice) or core 3 O-glycans (C3Gnt(-/-) mice). Intestinal tissues were collected at different time points and analyzed for levels of mucin and Tn antigen, development of colitis, and tumor formation using imaging, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. We also used cellular and genetic approaches, as well as intestinal microbiota depletion, to identify inflammatory mediators and pathways that contribute to disease in DKO and wild-type littermates (controls). RESULTS Intestinal tissues from DKO mice contained higher levels of Tn antigen and had more severe spontaneous chronic colitis than tissues from IEC C1galt1(-/-) mice, whereas spontaneous colitis was absent in C3GnT(-/-) and control mice. IEC C1galt1(-/-) mice and DKO mice developed spontaneous colorectal tumors, although the onset of tumors in the DKO mice occurred earlier (age, 8-9 months) than that in IEC C1galt1(-/-) mice (15 months old). Antibiotic depletion of the microbiota did not cause loss of Tn antigen but did reduce the development of colitis and cancer formation in DKO mice. Colon tissues from DKO mice, but not control mice, contained active forms of caspase 1 and increased caspase 11, which were reduced after antibiotic administration. Supernatants from colon tissues of DKO mice contained increased levels of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18, compared with those from control mice. Disruption of the caspase 1 and caspase 11 genes in DKO mice (DKO/Casp1/11(-/-) mice) decreased the development of colitis and cancer, characterized by reduced colonic thickening, hyperplasia, inflammatory infiltrate, and tumors compared with DKO mice. CONCLUSIONS Impaired expression of O-glycans causes colonic mucus barrier breach and subsequent microbiota-mediated activation of caspase 1-dependent inflammasomes in colonic epithelial cells of mice. These processes could contribute to colitis-associated colon cancer in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirk Bergstrom
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Division of Digestive Disease, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Nan Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kai Song
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Yi Cui
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - J. Michael McDaniel
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Samuel McGee
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Weichang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Mark M. Huycke
- The Muchmore Laboratories for Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Courtney W. Houchen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Lauren A. Zenewicz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Christopher M. West
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma Center for Medical Glycobiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Jonathan Braun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jianxin Fu
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lijun Xia
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma Center for Medical Glycobiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Levy M, Thaiss CA, Zeevi D, Dohnalová L, Zilberman-Schapira G, Mahdi JA, David E, Savidor A, Korem T, Herzig Y, Pevsner-Fischer M, Shapiro H, Christ A, Harmelin A, Halpern Z, Latz E, Flavell RA, Amit I, Segal E, Elinav E. Microbiota-Modulated Metabolites Shape the Intestinal Microenvironment by Regulating NLRP6 Inflammasome Signaling. Cell 2016; 163:1428-43. [PMID: 26638072 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 665] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Host-microbiome co-evolution drives homeostasis and disease susceptibility, yet regulatory principles governing the integrated intestinal host-commensal microenvironment remain obscure. While inflammasome signaling participates in these interactions, its activators and microbiome-modulating mechanisms are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the microbiota-associated metabolites taurine, histamine, and spermine shape the host-microbiome interface by co-modulating NLRP6 inflammasome signaling, epithelial IL-18 secretion, and downstream anti-microbial peptide (AMP) profiles. Distortion of this balanced AMP landscape by inflammasome deficiency drives dysbiosis development. Upon fecal transfer, colitis-inducing microbiota hijacks this microenvironment-orchestrating machinery through metabolite-mediated inflammasome suppression, leading to distorted AMP balance favoring its preferential colonization. Restoration of the metabolite-inflammasome-AMP axis reinstates a normal microbiota and ameliorates colitis. Together, we identify microbial modulators of the NLRP6 inflammasome and highlight mechanisms by which microbiome-host interactions cooperatively drive microbial community stability through metabolite-mediated innate immune modulation. Therefore, targeted "postbiotic" metabolomic intervention may restore a normal microenvironment as treatment or prevention of dysbiosis-driven diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Levy
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Christoph A Thaiss
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David Zeevi
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Lenka Dohnalová
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Jemal Ali Mahdi
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Eyal David
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alon Savidor
- The Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine (G-INCPM), Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tal Korem
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yonatan Herzig
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Hagit Shapiro
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Anette Christ
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Alon Harmelin
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Zamir Halpern
- Research Center for Digestive Tract and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Digestive Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ido Amit
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eran Segal
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Eran Elinav
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ikuta T, Kurosumi M, Yatsuoka T, Nishimura Y. Tissue distribution of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the intestine: Implication of putative roles in tumor suppression. Exp Cell Res 2016; 343:126-134. [PMID: 26973338 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis is maintained by complex interactions between intestinal microorganisms and the gut immune system. Dysregulation of gut immunity may lead to inflammatory disorders and tumorigenesis. We previously have shown the tumor suppressive effects of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in intestinal carcinogenesis. In the present study, we investigated AhR distribution in the mouse and human intestine by histochemical analysis. In the normal intestine, AhR was mainly localized in the stroma containing immune cells in the lamina propria and lymphoid follicles. On the other hand, in the tumor tissue from human colon cancer and that developed in Apc(Min/+)mice, AhR expression was elevated. AhR immunostaining was found in both stromal and tumor cells. Although AhR was localized in the cytoplasm of tumor cells in most cases, nuclear AhR was also observed in some. AhR knockdown using siRNA resulted in significant promotion of cell growth in colon cancer cell lines. Furthermore, AhR activation by AhR ligands supplemented in culture medium suppressed cell growth. Our study results suggest that tumor suppressive roles of AhR are estimated in two distinct ways: in normal tissue, AhR is associated with tumor prevention by regulating gut immunity, whereas in tumor cells, it is involved in growth suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Togo Ikuta
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, 818 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Kurosumi
- Division of Pathology, Saitama Cancer Center, 780 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.
| | - Toshimasa Yatsuoka
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center, 780 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.
| | - Yoji Nishimura
- Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center, 780 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ghatrehsamani M, Soleimani M, Esfahani BASM, Hakemi MG, Shirzad H, Eskandari N, Adib M. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin decrease expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in peripheral lymphocyte of β-thalassemia major patients. Adv Biomed Res 2015; 4:218. [PMID: 26605247 PMCID: PMC4627176 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.166165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: β-thalassemia major is a hereditary disease with inefficient erythropoiesis. Level of inflammatory cytokine is elevated in these patients. In this study, we investigate the effect of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), on the expression of inflammatory mediators in β-thalassemia major patient's lymphocytes. Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients and healthy participants was isolated and cultured in favor of lymphocytes increment. Based on the treatment, we divided the cell into four groups. The orders of group's treatments were no treatment, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) treatment, TNF-α and TCDD treatment, TCDD treatment in Group 1–4, respectively. After cell culture, we extracted the cells RNA and converted them to cDNA. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to assessment relative expression of caspase-1, NLRP3, and AhR. We compared all patient groups with equal healthy (control) groups. Results: Results showed that expression of caspase-1 in patients (Groups 1 and 2) was significantly lower than healthy individuals (P < 0.05). Although, no significant difference was found (Groups 1, 2, and control) in AhR gene expression (P > 0.05). Expression of AhR in other groups of patients (3 and 4) was significantly lower than control groups (P < 0.05). Expression of caspase-1 in Group 4 was significantly larger than the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: We show here that chronic inflammation decrease caspase-1 expression and exposure of human lymphocytes to TCDD promote caspase-1 expression. Furthermore, activation of AhR with TCDD decreases AhR expression in lymphocytes of β-thalassemia major disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Ghatrehsamani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Hedayatollah Shirzad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Minoo Adib
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xie G, Raufman JP. Role of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Colon Neoplasia. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:1436-46. [PMID: 26264025 PMCID: PMC4586780 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7030847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
For both men and women, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States, primarily as a consequence of limited therapies for metastatic disease. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor with diverse functions in detoxification of xenobiotics, inflammatory responses, and tissue homeostasis. Emerging evidence indicates that AhR also plays an important role in regulating intestinal cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Here, we review both the pro- and anti-carcinogenic properties of AhR signaling and its potential role as a therapeutic target in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Differential expression of inflammasomes in lung cancer cell lines and tissues. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7501-13. [PMID: 25910707 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As pivotal elements involved in inflammation, inflammasomes represent a group of multiprotein complexes triggering the maturation of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Although the importance of the inflammasomes in inflammatory diseases is well appreciated, a precise characterization of their expressions in lung cancer remains obscure. This study aimed to determine the expressions of inflammasomes in various lung cancer cell lines and tissues to understand their potential roles in lung cancer. Our findings showed that inflammasome components were markedly upregulated in lung cancer and elicited the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18. In addition, enormous variations in subtypes and levels of inflammasomes were detected in lung cancers depending on their histological type and grading, invasion ability, as well as chemoresistance. Generally, AIM2 inflammasome was overexpressed in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while NLRP3 inflammasome was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The high-metastatic or cisplatin-sensitive NSCLC cells expressed more inflammasome components and products than their counterpart low-metastatic or cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells, respectively. In resected lung cancer tissues, high-grade ADC expressed more inflammasome components and products than low-grade ADC. Together, these findings suggest that inflammasomes may be crucial biomarkers for lung cancer as well as potential modulators of the biological behaviors of lung cancer. Further, pharmacotherapeutics targeting inflammasomes might be novel adjuvant therapy strategies for lung cancer.
Collapse
|
43
|
Ibabao CN, Bunaciu RP, Schaefer DMW, Yen A. The AhR agonist VAF347 augments retinoic acid-induced differentiation in leukemia cells. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 5:308-18. [PMID: 25941627 PMCID: PMC4412882 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In binary cell-fate decisions, driving one lineage and suppressing the other are conjoined. We have previously reported that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) promotes retinoic acid (RA)-induced granulocytic differentiation of lineage bipotent HL-60 myeloblastic leukemia cells. VAF347, an AhR agonist, impairs the development of CD14(+)CD11b(+) monocytes from granulo-monocytic (GM) stage precursors. We thus hypothesized that VAF347 propels RA-induced granulocytic differentiation and impairs D3-induced monocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells. Our results show that VAF347 enhanced RA-induced cell cycle arrest, CD11b integrin expression and neutrophil respiratory burst. Granulocytic differentiation is known to be driven by MAPK signaling events regulated by Fgr and Lyn Src-family kinases, the CD38 cell membrane receptor, the Vav1 GEF, the c-Cbl adaptor, as well as AhR, all of which are embodied in a putative signalsome. We found that the VAF347 AhR ligand regulates the signalsome. VAF347 augments RA-induced expression of AhR, Lyn, Vav1, and c-Cbl as well as p47(phox). Several interactions of partners in the signalsome appear to be enhanced: Fgr interaction with c-Cbl, CD38, and with pS259c-Raf and AhR interaction with c-Cbl and Lyn. Thus, we report that, while VAF347 impedes monocytic differentiation induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, VAF347 promotes RA-induced differentiation. This effect seems to involve but not to be limited to Lyn, Vav1, c-Cbl, AhR, and Fgr.
Collapse
Key Words
- APC, allophycocyanin
- APL, acute promyelocytic leukemia
- AhR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor
- D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
- Differentiation
- FICZ, 6-formylindolo (3,2-b) carbazole
- GM, granulo-monocytic
- Leukemia
- PE, phycoerythrin
- RA, all trans-retinoic acid
- Retinoic acid
- TCDD, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
- VAF347
- VAF347, (4-(3-Chloro-phenyl)-pyrimidin-2-yl)-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-amine
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodica P Bunaciu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Deanna M W Schaefer
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Andrew Yen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is best known for mediating the toxicity and tumour-promoting properties of the carcinogen 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, commonly referred to as ‘dioxin’. AHR influences the major stages of tumorigenesis — initiation, promotion, progression and metastasis — and physiologically relevant AHR ligands are often formed during disease states or during heightened innate and adaptive immune responses. Interestingly, ligand specificity and affinity vary between rodents and humans. Studies of aggressive tumours and tumour cell lines show increased levels of AHR and constitutive localization of this receptor in the nucleus. This suggests that the AHR is chronically activated in tumours, thus facilitating tumour progression. This Review discusses the role of AHR in tumorigenesis and the potential for therapeutic modulation of its activity in tumours.
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Mammalian basic HLH (helix-loop-helix)-PER-ARNT-SIM (bHLH-PAS) proteins are heterodimeric transcription factors that sense and respond to environmental signals (such as pollutants) or to physiological signals (for example, hypoxia and circadian rhythms) through their two PAS domains. PAS domains form a generic three-dimensional fold, which commonly contains an internal cavity capable of small-molecule binding and outer surfaces adept at protein-protein interactions. These proteins are important in several pro-tumour and antitumour pathways and their activities can be modulated by both natural metabolites and oncometabolites. Recently determined structures and successful small-molecule screening programmes are now providing new opportunities to discover selective agonists and antagonists directed against this multitasking family of transcription factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Bersten
- School of Molecular and Biomedical Science (Biochemistry) and the Centre for Molecular Pathology, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bunaciu RP, Yen A. 6-Formylindolo (3,2-b)carbazole (FICZ) enhances retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation of HL-60 myeloblastic leukemia cells. Mol Cancer 2013; 12:39. [PMID: 23656719 PMCID: PMC3693992 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand 6-Formylindolo(3,2-b)carbazole (FICZ) has received increasing attention since its identification as an endogenous AhR ligand and a photoproduct of tryptophan. FICZ and its metabolites have been detected in human fluids. We recently reported that AhR promotes retinoic acid (RA)-induced granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 myeloblastic leukemia cells by restricting the nuclear abundance of the stem cell associated transcription factor Oct4. The standard clinical management of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is differentiation induction therapy using RA. But RA is not effective for other myeloid leukemias, making the mechanism of RA-induced differentiation observed in a non-APL myeloid leukemia of interest. To our knowledge, this is the first study regarding the influence of FICZ on RA-induced differentiation in any type of leukemic blasts. METHODS Using flow cytometry and Western blotting assays, we determined the effects of FICZ on RA-induced differentiation of HL-60 human leukemia cells. All experiments were performed in triplicate. The groups RA and FICZ + RA were compared using the Paired-Samples T-Test. Western blot figures present the typical blots. RESULTS We demonstrate that FICZ enhances RA-induced differentiation, assessed by the expression of the membrane differentiation marker CD11b; cell cycle arrest; and the functional differentiation marker, inducible-oxidative metabolism. FICZ causes changes in signaling events that are known to drive differentiation, and notably augments the RA-induced sustained activation of the RAF/MEK/ERK axis of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. FICZ also augments expression of the known MAPK signaling regulatory molecules c-Cbl, VAV1, pY458 p85 PI3K, Src-family kinases (SFKs), and IRF-1, a transcription factor associated with this putative signalsome that promotes RA-induced differentiation. Moreover, FICZ in combination with RA also increases expression of AhR and even more so of both Cyp1A2 and p47phox, which are known to be transcriptionally regulated by AhR. pY1021 PDGFRβ, a marker associated with retinoic acid syndrome was also increased. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that FICZ modulates intracellular signaling pathways and enhances RA-induced differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodica P Bunaciu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|