1
|
Jayathilake AG, Luwor RB, Nurgali K, Su XQ. Molecular Mechanisms Associated with the Inhibitory Role of Long Chain n-3 PUFA in Colorectal Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354241243024. [PMID: 38708673 PMCID: PMC11072084 DOI: 10.1177/15347354241243024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Multiple evidence suggests that there is an association between excess fat consumption and the risk of CRC. The long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are essential for human health, and both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that these fatty acids can prevent CRC development through various molecular mechanisms. These include the modulation of arachidonic acid (AA) derived prostaglandin synthesis, alteration of growth signaling pathways, arrest of the cell cycle, induction of cell apoptosis, suppression of angiogenesis and modulation of inflammatory response. Human clinical studies found that LC n-3 PUFA combined with chemotherapeutic agents can improve the efficacy of treatment and reduce the dosage of chemotherapy and associated side effects. In this review, we discuss comprehensively the anti-cancer effects of LC n-3 PUFA on CRC, with a main focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodney Brain Luwor
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Muscular Skeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Xiao Qun Su
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Z, Li Q, Wang X, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Mao J, Gong S. Proanthocyanidin enhances the endogenous regeneration of alveolar bone by elevating the autophagy of PDLSCs. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1300-1314. [PMID: 37715945 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of proanthocyanidin (PA) on osteogenesis mediated by periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and endogenous alveolar bone regeneration. BACKGROUND Leveraging the osteogenic potential of resident stem cells is a promising strategy for alveolar bone regeneration. PA has been reported to be effective in osteogenesis. However, the effect and mechanism of PA on the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs remain elusive. METHODS Human PDLSCs were treated with various doses of PA to assess the cell proliferation using Cell Counting Kit-8. The osteogenic differentiation ability was detected by qRT-PCR analysis, western blot analysis, Alizarin red S staining, and Alkaline Phosphatase staining. The level of autophagy was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and western blot analysis. RNA sequencing was utilized to screen the potential signaling pathway. The alveolar bone defect model of rats was created to observe endogenous bone regeneration. RESULTS PA activated intracellular autophagy in PDLSCs, resulting in enhanced osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, this effect could be abolished by the autophagy inhibitor 3-Methyladenine. Mechanistically, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was negatively correlated with PA-mediated autophagy activation. Lastly, PA promoted the alveolar bone regeneration in vivo, and this effect was reversed when the autophagy process was blocked. CONCLUSION PA may activate autophagy by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to promote the osteogenesis of PDLSCs and enhance endogenous alveolar bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Liu
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Qilin Li
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyao Wang
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaxin Wu
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhixing Zhang
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiqiang Gong
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shi DD, Fang YJ, Jiang YL, Dong T, Zhang ZL, Ma T, Zhou RL, Ou QJ, Zhang CX. Serum levels of n-3 PUFA and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese population. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1239-1249. [PMID: 36746393 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Circulating n-3 PUFA, which integrate endogenous and exogenous n-3 PUFA, can be better used to investigate the relationship between n-3 PUFA and disease. However, studies examining the associations between circulating n-3 PUFA and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk were limited, and the results remained inconclusive. This case–control study aimed to examine the association between serum n-3 PUFA and CRC risk in Chinese population. A total of 680 CRC cases and 680 sex- and age-matched (5-year interval) controls were included. Fatty acids were assayed by GC. OR and 95 % CI were calculated using multivariable logistic regression after adjustment for potential confounders. Higher level of serum α-linolenic acid (ALA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), DHA, long-chain n-3 PUFA and total n-3 PUFA were associated with lower odds of CRC. The adjusted OR and 95 % CI were 0·34 (0·24, 0·49, Pfor trend < 0·001) for ALA, 0·57 (0·40, 0·80, Pfor trend < 0·001) for DPA, 0·48 (0·34, 0·68, Pfor trend < 0·001) for DHA, 0·39 (0·27, 0·56, Pfor trend < 0·001) for long-chain n-3 PUFA and 0·31 (0·22, 0·45, Pfor trend < 0·001) for total n-3 PUFA comparing the highest with the lowest quartile. However, there was no statistically significant association between EPA and odds of CRC. Analysis stratified by sex showed that ALA, DHA, long-chain n-3 PUFA and total n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with odds of CRC in both sexes. This study indicated that serum ALA, DPA, DHA, long-chain n-3 PUFA and total n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with odds of having CRC in Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jing Fang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ling Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Lin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Lin Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Jian Ou
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Xia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tojjari A, Choucair K, Sadeghipour A, Saeed A, Saeed A. Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Properties of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) and Their Impact on Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Prevention and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4294. [PMID: 37686570 PMCID: PMC10487099 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of death from cancer worldwide, with increasing incidence in the Western world. Diet has become the focus of research as a significant risk factor for CRC occurrence, and the role of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has become an area of interest given their potential role in modulating inflammation, particularly in the pro-carcinogenic inflammatory environment of the colon. This work reviews the main types of PUFAs, their characteristics, structure, and physiologic role. We then highlight their potential role in preventing CRC, their signaling function vis-à-vis tumorigenic signaling, and their subsequent potential role in modulating response to different treatment modalities. We review pre-clinical and clinical data and discuss their potential use as adjunct therapies to currently existing treatment modalities. Given our understanding of PUFAs' immune and inflammation modulatory effects, we explore the possible combination of PUFAs with immune checkpoint inhibitors and other targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Tojjari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Khalil Choucair
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA;
| | - Arezoo Sadeghipour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran 14115-175, Iran;
| | - Azhar Saeed
- Department of Pathology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA;
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Verhagen H, Alonso-Andicoberry C, Assunção R, Cavaliere F, Eneroth H, Hoekstra J, Koulouris S, Kouroumalis A, Lorenzetti S, Mantovani A, Menozzi D, Nauta M, Poulsen M, Rubert J, Siani A, Sirot V, Spaggiari G, Thomsen ST, Trevisan M, Cozzini P. Risk-benefit in food safety and nutrition - Outcome of the 2019 Parma Summer School. Food Res Int 2021; 141:110073. [PMID: 33641961 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Risk-benefit assessment is the comparison of the risk of a situation to its related benefits, i.e. a comparison of scenarios estimating the overall health impact. The risk-benefit analysis paradigm mirrors the classical risk analysis one: risk-benefit assessment goes hand-in-hand with risk-benefit management and risk-benefit communication. The various health effects associated with food consumption, together with the increasing demand for advice on healthy and safe diets, have led to the development of different research disciplines in food safety and nutrition. In this sense, there is a clear need for a holistic approach, including and comparing all of the relevant health risks and benefits. The risk-benefit assessment of foods is a valuable approach to estimate the overall impact of food on health. It aims to assess together the negative and positive health effects associated with food intake by integrating chemical and microbiological risk assessment with risk and benefit assessment in food safety and nutrition. The 2019 Parma Summer School on risk-benefit in food safety and nutrition had the objective was to provide an opportunity to learn from experts in the field of risk-benefit approach in food safety and nutrition, including theory, case studies, and communication of risk-benefit assessments plus identify challenges for the future. It was evident that whereas tools and approaches have been developed, more and more case studies have been performed which can form an inherent validation of the risk-benefit approach. Executed risk-benefit assessment case studies apply the steps and characteristics developed: a problem formulation (with at least 2 scenarios), a tiered approach until a decision can be made, one common currency to describe both beneficial and adverse effects (DALYs in most instances). It was concluded that risk-benefit assessment in food safety and nutrition is gaining more and more momentum, while also many challenges remain for the future. Risk-benefit is on the verge of really enrolling into the risk assessment and risk analysis paradigm. The interaction between risk-benefit assessors and risk-benefit managers is pivotal in this, as is the interaction with risk-benefit communicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Verhagen
- University of Ulster, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom; European Food Safety Authority, Parma, Italy; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | | | - Ricardo Assunção
- National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal; CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | | | - Jeljer Hoekstra
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Stefano Lorenzetti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità - ISS, Dpt. of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità - ISS, Dpt. of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Josep Rubert
- CIBIO, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Povo 38123, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Structure of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco Trevisan
- DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza Campus, Italy
| | - Pietro Cozzini
- University of Parma, Department of Food and Drug, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang W, Zhang W, Sun L, Xiang L, Lai X, Li Q, Sun S. The effects and mechanisms of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on reversing multidrug resistance in cancer. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
7
|
Abstract
The majority of evidence linking anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) activity with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (O3FAs) has focussed on decreased CRC risk (prevention). More recently, preclinical data and human observational studies have begun to make the case for adjuvant treatment of advanced CRC. Herein, we review latest data regarding the effect of O3FAs on post-diagnosis CRC outcomes, including mechanistic preclinical data, evidence that O3FAs have beneficial effects on efficacy and tolerability of CRC chemotherapy, and human epidemiological data linking dietary O3FA intake with CRC outcomes. We also highlight ongoing randomised controlled trials of O3FAs with CRC endpoints and discuss critical gaps in the evidence base, which include limited understanding of the effects of O3FAs on the tumour microenvironment, the host immune response to CRC, and the intestinal microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milene Volpato
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Mark A Hull
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu XY, Zhao CN, Cao SY, Tang GY, Gan RY, Li HB. Effects and mechanisms of tea for the prevention and management of cancers: An updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:1693-1705. [PMID: 30869995 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1588223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tea is a traditional and popular beverage worldwide, and the consumption of tea has been demonstrated to possess many health benefits, such as cardiovascular protection, anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, and anticancer. Epidemiological studies have shown that the consumption of tea is inversely associated with the risk of several cancers. In addition, experimental studies have revealed that the anticancer actions of tea are mainly attributed to tea polyphenols, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate and theaflavins. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the possible anticancer mechanisms are the inhibition on proliferation, anti-angiogenesis, induction of apoptosis, suppression on metastasis, inhibition on cancer stem cells, and modulation on gut microbiota. Its synergetic anticancer effects with drugs or other compounds could promote anticancer therapies. Furthermore, clinical trials have elucidated that intervention of tea phytochemicals is effective in the prevention of several cancers. This paper is an updated review for the prevention and management of cancers by tea based on the findings from epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies, and special attention is paid on the mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yu Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Yi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rady I, Mohamed H, Rady M, Siddiqui IA, Mukhtar H. Cancer preventive and therapeutic effects of EGCG, the major polyphenol in green tea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbas.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Islam Rady
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hadir Mohamed
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mohamad Rady
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Imtiaz A. Siddiqui
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ding YP, Gao ZL, Chen BC, Rakariyatham K, Suo HY, Tong HR, Xiao H. The Effect of Different Treatments of (–)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Lines. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:1126-1136. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1497671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Ping Ding
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zi-Li Gao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bing-Can Chen
- Department of Plant Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | | | - Hua-Yi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua-Rong Tong
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gan RY, Li HB, Sui ZQ, Corke H. Absorption, metabolism, anti-cancer effect and molecular targets of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG): An updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1231168 pmid: 27645804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Quan Sui
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gan RY, Li HB, Sui ZQ, Corke H. Absorption, metabolism, anti-cancer effect and molecular targets of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG): An updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:924-941. [PMID: 27645804 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1231168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Green tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world, especially in Asian countries. Consumption of green tea has been demonstrated to possess many health benefits, which mainly attributed to the main bioactive compound epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a flavone-3-ol polyphenol, in green tea. EGCG is mainly absorbed in the intestine, and gut microbiota play a critical role in its metabolism prior to absorption. EGCG exhibits versatile bioactivities, with its anti-cancer effect most attracting due to the cancer preventive effect of green tea consumption, and a great number of studies intensively investigated its anti-cancer effect. In this review, we therefore, first stated the absorption and metabolism process of EGCG, and then summarized its anti-cancer effect in vitro and in vivo, including its manifold anti-cancer actions and mechanisms, especially its anti-cancer stem cell effect, and next highlighted its various molecular targets involved in cancer inhibition. Finally, the anti-cancer effect of EGCG analogs and nanoparticles, as well as the potential cancer promoting effect of EGCG were also discussed. Understanding of the absorption, metabolism, anti-cancer effect and molecular targets of EGCG can be of importance to better utilize it as a chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-You Gan
- a Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China.,b School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition , School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhong-Quan Sui
- a Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Harold Corke
- a Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China.,b School of Biological Sciences , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cadoná FC, Rosa JL, Schneider T, Cubillos-Rojas M, Sánchez-Tena S, Azzolin VF, Assmann CE, Machado AK, Ribeiro EE, da Cruz IBM. Guaraná, a Highly Caffeinated Food, Presentsin vitroAntitumor Activity in Colorectal and Breast Cancer Cell Lines by Inhibiting AKT/mTOR/S6K and MAPKs Pathways. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:800-810. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1324994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francine C. Cadoná
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jose L. Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Taiane Schneider
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Cubillos-Rojas
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Sánchez-Tena
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Campus de Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verônica F. Azzolin
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Charles E. Assmann
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Euler E. Ribeiro
- Third Age Open University, University of Amazonas State, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Ivana Beatrice M. da Cruz
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Gerontology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cai Y, Zhang J, Chen NG, Shi Z, Qiu J, He C, Chen M. Recent Advances in Anticancer Activities and Drug Delivery Systems of Tannins. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:665-701. [PMID: 28004409 DOI: 10.1002/med.21422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tannins, polyphenols in medicinal plants, have been divided into two groups of hydrolysable and condensed tannins, including gallotannins, ellagitannins, and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Potent anticancer activities have been observed in tannins (especially EGCG) with multiple mechanisms, such as apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of invasion and metastases. Furthermore, the combinational effects of tannins and anticancer drugs have been demonstrated in this review, including chemoprotective, chemosensitive, and antagonizing effects accompanying with anticancer effect. However, the applications of tannins have been hindered due to their poor liposolubility, low bioavailability, off-taste, and shorter half-life time in human body, such as EGCG, gallic acid, and ellagic acid. To tackle these obstacles, novel drug delivery systems have been employed to deliver tannins with the aim of improving their applications, such as gelatin nanoparticles, micelles, nanogold, liposomes, and so on. In this review, the chemical characteristics, anticancer properties, and drug delivery systems of tannins were discussed with an attempt to provide a systemic reference to promote the development of tannins as anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuee Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Nelson G Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Jiange Qiu
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Caloric restriction - A promising anti-cancer approach: From molecular mechanisms to clinical trials. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2016; 1867:29-41. [PMID: 27871964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and the morbidity is growing in developed countries. According to WHO, >14 million people per year are diagnosed with cancer and about 8 million die. Anti-cancer strategy includes chemo-, immune- and radiotherapy or their combination. Unfortunately, these widely used strategies often have insufficient efficacy and significant toxic effects on healthy cells. Consequently, the improvement of treatment approaches is an important goal. One of promising schemes to enhance the effect of therapy is the restriction of calorie intake or some nutrients. The combination of caloric restriction or its chemical mimetics along with anti-cancer drugs may suppress growth of tumor cells and enhance death of cancer cells. That will allow the dose of therapeutic drugs to be decreased and their toxic effects to be reduced. Here the possibility of using this combinatory therapy as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying this approach will be discussed.
Collapse
|
16
|
He B, Lu C, Zheng G, He X, Wang M, Chen G, Zhang G, Lu A. Combination therapeutics in complex diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:2231-2240. [PMID: 27605177 PMCID: PMC5134672 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological redundancies in molecular networks of complex diseases limit the efficacy of many single drug therapies. Combination therapeutics, as a common therapeutic method, involve pharmacological intervention using several drugs that interact with multiple targets in the molecular networks of diseases and may achieve better efficacy and/or less toxicity than monotherapy in practice. The development of combination therapeutics is complicated by several critical issues, including identifying multiple targets, targeting strategies and the drug combination. This review summarizes the current achievements in combination therapeutics, with a particular emphasis on the efforts to develop combination therapeutics for complex diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing He
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Zheng
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojuan He
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Maolin Wang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine & Translational Science, HKBU Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Protects against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Inhibition of Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:7532798. [PMID: 26977159 PMCID: PMC4763004 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7532798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress induces bone loss and osteoporosis, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be used to combat these diseases due to its antioxidative property. Herein, oxidative stress in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) was induced by H2O2, resulting in an adverse effect on their osteogenic differentiation. However, this H2O2-induced adverse effect was nullified when the cells were treated with EGCG. In addition, treatment of BM-MSCs with EGCG alone also resulted in the enhancement of osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs. After EGCG treatment, expressions of β-catenin and cyclin D1 were upregulated, suggesting that the Wnt pathway was involved in the effects of EGCG on the osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs. This was also confirmed by the fact that the Wnt pathway inhibitor, Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), can nullify the EGCG-induced enhancement effect on BM-MSC's osteogenic differentiation. Hence, our results suggested that EGCG can reduce the effects of oxidative stress on Wnt pathway in osteogenic cells, which supported a potentially promising therapy of bone disorders induced by oxidative stress. Considering its positive effects on BM-MSCs, EGCG may also be beneficial for stem cell-based bone repair.
Collapse
|
18
|
Nie C, Zhou J, Qin X, Shi X, Zeng Q, Liu J, Yan S, Zhang L. Reduction of apoptosis by proanthocyanidin-induced autophagy in the human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:649-58. [PMID: 26572257 PMCID: PMC4689485 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins are flavonoids that are widely present in the skin and seeds of various plants, with the highest content in grape seeds. Many experiments have shown that proanthocyanidins have antitumor activity both in vivo and in vitro. Autophagy and apoptosis of tumor cells induced by drugs are two of the major causes of tumor cell death. However, reports on the effect of autophagy induced by drugs in tumor cells are not consistent and suggest that autophagy can have synergistic or antagonistic effects with apoptosis. This research was aimed at investigating whether proanthocyanidins induced autophagy and apoptosis in human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 cells and to identify the mechanism of proanthocyanidins action to further determine the effect of proanthocyanidins-induced autophagy on apoptosis. MTT assay was used to examine the proanthocyanidin cytotoxicity against human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803. Transmission electron microscopy and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining were used to detect autophagy. Annexin V APC/7-AAD double staining and Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide (PI) double staining were used to explore apoptosis. Western blotting was used to determine expression of proteins related to autophagy and apoptosis. Real-time quantitative PCR technology was used to determine the mRNA level of Beclin1 and BCL-2. The results showed that proanthocyanidins exhibit a significant inhibitory effect on the human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803 proliferation in vitro and simultaneously activate autophagy and apoptosis to promote cell death. Furthermore, when proanthocyanidin-induced autophagy is inhibited, apoptosis increases significantly, proanthocyanidins can be used together with autophagy inhibitors to enhance cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Nie
- Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College, Qinhuai, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College, Qinhuai, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xiaokang Qin
- Nanjing KeyGEN Biotech Co., Ltd., Qinhuai, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xianming Shi
- Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College, Qinhuai, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Qingqi Zeng
- Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College, Qinhuai, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College, Qinhuai, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Shihai Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Qinhuai, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College, Qinhuai, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Evasion of anti-growth signaling: A key step in tumorigenesis and potential target for treatment and prophylaxis by natural compounds. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S55-S77. [PMID: 25749195 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The evasion of anti-growth signaling is an important characteristic of cancer cells. In order to continue to proliferate, cancer cells must somehow uncouple themselves from the many signals that exist to slow down cell growth. Here, we define the anti-growth signaling process, and review several important pathways involved in growth signaling: p53, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), retinoblastoma protein (Rb), Hippo, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), AT-rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A), Notch, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) pathways. Aberrations in these processes in cancer cells involve mutations and thus the suppression of genes that prevent growth, as well as mutation and activation of genes involved in driving cell growth. Using these pathways as examples, we prioritize molecular targets that might be leveraged to promote anti-growth signaling in cancer cells. Interestingly, naturally occurring phytochemicals found in human diets (either singly or as mixtures) may promote anti-growth signaling, and do so without the potentially adverse effects associated with synthetic chemicals. We review examples of naturally occurring phytochemicals that may be applied to prevent cancer by antagonizing growth signaling, and propose one phytochemical for each pathway. These are: epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) for the Rb pathway, luteolin for p53, curcumin for PTEN, porphyrins for Hippo, genistein for GDF15, resveratrol for ARID1A, withaferin A for Notch and diguelin for the IGF1-receptor pathway. The coordination of anti-growth signaling and natural compound studies will provide insight into the future application of these compounds in the clinical setting.
Collapse
|
20
|
Miura K, Satoh M, Kinouchi M, Yamamoto K, Hasegawa Y, Kakugawa Y, Kawai M, Uchimi K, Aizawa H, Ohnuma S, Kajiwara T, Sakurai H, Fujiya T. The use of natural products in colorectal cancer drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2015; 10:411-26. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2015.1018174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Koh Miura
- 1Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan ;
| | - Masayuki Satoh
- 2Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Makoto Kinouchi
- 2Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Kuniharu Yamamoto
- 2Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hasegawa
- 2Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kakugawa
- 2Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kawai
- 2Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Uchimi
- 3Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Hiroki Aizawa
- 3Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Shinobu Ohnuma
- 4Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Taiki Kajiwara
- 4Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hiroto Sakurai
- 2Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Fujiya
- 2Miyagi Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, 47-1 Nodayama, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| |
Collapse
|