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Zhao W, Su K, Zhu H, Kaiser M, Fan M, Zou Y, Li T, Yin D. Activity flow under the manipulation of cognitive load and training. Neuroimage 2024; 297:120761. [PMID: 39069226 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Flexible cognitive functions, such as working memory (WM), usually require a balance between localized and distributed information processing. However, it is challenging to uncover how local and distributed processing specifically contributes to task-induced activity in a region. Although the recently proposed activity flow mapping approach revealed the relative contribution of distributed processing, few studies have explored the adaptive and plastic changes that underlie cognitive manipulation. In this study, we recruited 51 healthy volunteers (31 females) and investigated how the activity flow and brain activation of the frontoparietal systems was modulated by WM load and training. While the activation of both executive control network (ECN) and dorsal attention network (DAN) increased linearly with memory load at baseline, the relative contribution of distributed processing showed a linear response only in the DAN, which was prominently attributed to within-network activity flow. Importantly, adaptive training selectively induced an increase in the relative contribution of distributed processing in the ECN and also a linear response to memory load, which were predominantly due to between-network activity flow. Furthermore, we demonstrated a causal effect of activity flow prediction through training manipulation on connectivity and activity. In contrast with classic brain activation estimation, our findings suggest that the relative contribution of distributed processing revealed by activity flow prediction provides unique insights into neural processing of frontoparietal systems under the manipulation of cognitive load and training. This study offers a new methodological framework for exploring information integration versus segregation underlying cognitive processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyun Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Kaiqiang Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Hengcheng Zhu
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Precision Imaging Beacon, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mingxia Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yong Zou
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Ting Li
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Dazhi Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200335, China.
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Guo B, Zhang M, Hao W, Wang Y, Zhang T, Liu C. Neuroinflammation mechanisms of neuromodulation therapies for anxiety and depression. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:5. [PMID: 36624089 PMCID: PMC9829236 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mood disorders are associated with elevated inflammation, and the reduction of symptoms after multiple treatments is often accompanied by pro-inflammation restoration. A variety of neuromodulation techniques that regulate regional brain activities have been used to treat refractory mood disorders. However, their efficacy varies from person to person and lack reliable indicator. This review summarizes clinical and animal studies on inflammation in neural circuits related to anxiety and depression and the evidence that neuromodulation therapies regulate neuroinflammation in the treatment of neurological diseases. Neuromodulation therapies, including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial electrical stimulation (TES), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), photobiomodulation (PBM), transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), all have been reported to attenuate neuroinflammation and reduce the release of pro-inflammatory factors, which may be one of the reasons for mood improvement. This review provides a better understanding of the effective mechanism of neuromodulation therapies and indicates that inflammatory biomarkers may serve as a reference for the assessment of pathological conditions and treatment options in anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqi Guo
- grid.413259.80000 0004 0632 3337Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- grid.413259.80000 0004 0632 3337Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Wensi Hao
- grid.413259.80000 0004 0632 3337Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Yuping Wang
- grid.413259.80000 0004 0632 3337Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XBeijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053 China ,grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XInstitute of sleep and consciousness disorders, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Efficacy and safety of simultaneous rTMS-tDCS over bilateral angular gyrus on neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with moderate Alzheimer's disease: A prospective, randomized, sham-controlled pilot study. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:1530-1537. [PMID: 36460293 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treating neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains highly challenging. Noninvasive brain stimulation using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is of considerable interest in this context. OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of a novel technique involving simultaneous application of rTMS and tDCS (rTMS-tDCS) over bilateral angular gyrus (AG, P5/P6 electrode site) for AD-related NPS. METHODS Eighty-four AD patients were randomized to receive rTMS-tDCS, single-rTMS, single-tDCS, or sham stimulation for 4 weeks, with evaluation at week-4 (W4, immediately after treatment) and week-12 (W12, follow-up period) after initial examination. Primary outcome comprising Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) score and secondary outcomes comprising mini-mental state examination (MMSE), AD assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scores were collected and analyzed by a two-factor (time and treatment), mixed-design ANOVA. RESULTS rTMS-tDCS produced greater improvement in NPI scores than single-tDCS and sham at W4 and W12 (both P < 0.017) and trended better than single-rTMS (W4: P = 0.058, W12: P = 0.034). rTMS-tDCS improved MMSE scores compared with single-tDCS at W4 (P = 0.011) and sham at W4 and W12 (both P < 0.017). rTMS-tDCS also significantly improved PSQI compared with single-rTMS and sham (both P < 0.017). Interestingly, rTMS-tDCS-induced NPI/PSQI improvement was significantly associated with MMSE/ADAS-cog improvement. tDCS- and/or rTMS-related adverse events appeared slightly and briefly. CONCLUSIONS rTMS-tDCS application to bilateral AG can effectively improve AD-related NPS, cognitive function, and sleep quality with considerable safety.
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Liu T, Shi Z, Zhang J, Wang K, Li Y, Pei G, Wang L, Wu J, Yan T. Individual functional parcellation revealed compensation of dynamic limbic network organization in healthy ageing. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:744-761. [PMID: 36214186 PMCID: PMC9842897 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Using group-level functional parcellations and constant-length sliding window analysis, dynamic functional connectivity studies have revealed network-specific impairment and compensation in healthy ageing. However, functional parcellation and dynamic time windows vary across individuals; individual-level ageing-related brain dynamics are uncertain. Here, we performed individual parcellation and individual-length sliding window clustering to characterize ageing-related dynamic network changes. Healthy participants (n = 637, 18-88 years) from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience dataset were included. An individual seven-network parcellation, varied from group-level parcellation, was mapped for each participant. For each network, strong and weak cognitive brain states were revealed by individual-length sliding window clustering and canonical correlation analysis. The results showed negative linear correlations between age and change ratios of sizes in the default mode, frontoparietal, and salience networks and a positive linear correlation between age and change ratios of size in the limbic network (LN). With increasing age, the occurrence and dwell time of strong states showed inverted U-shaped patterns or a linear decreasing pattern in most networks but showed a linear increasing pattern in the LN. Overall, this study reveals a compensative increase in emotional networks (i.e., the LN) and a decline in cognitive and primary sensory networks in healthy ageing. These findings may provide insights into network-specific and individual-level targeting during neuromodulation in ageing and ageing-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liu
- School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Zhongyan Shi
- School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Jian Zhang
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Kexin Wang
- School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Yuanhao Li
- School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Guangying Pei
- School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Li Wang
- School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Jinglong Wu
- School of Medical TechnologyBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Tianyi Yan
- School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina
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Wang B, Pan T, Guo M, Li Z, Yu X, Li D, Niu Y, Cui X, Xiang J. Abnormal dynamic reconfiguration of the large-scale functional network in schizophrenia during the episodic memory task. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:4135-4144. [PMID: 36030383 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Episodic memory deficits are the core feature in schizophrenia (SCZ). Numerous studies have revealed abnormal brain activity associated with this disorder during episodic memory, however previous work has only relied on static analysis methods that treat the brain as a static monolithic structure, ignoring the dynamic features at different time scales. Here, we applied dynamic functional connectivity analysis to functional magnetic resonance imaging data during episodic memory and quantify integration and recruitment metrics to reveal abnormal dynamic reconfiguration of brain networks in SCZ. In the specific frequency band of 0.06-0.125 Hz, SCZ showed significantly higher integration during encoding and retrieval, and the abnormalities were mainly in the default mode, frontoparietal, and cingulo-opercular modules. Recruitment of SCZ was significantly higher during retrieval, mainly in the visual module. Interestingly, interactions between groups and task status in recruitment were found in the dorsal attention, visual modules. Finally, we observed that integration was significantly associated with memory performance in frontoparietal regions. Our findings revealed the time-varying evolution of brain networks in SCZ, while improving our understanding of cognitive decline and other pathophysiologies in brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Tingting Pan
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Min Guo
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xuexue Yu
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yan Niu
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xiaohong Cui
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
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