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Qu H, Zhao S, Li Z, Wu J, Murai T, Li Q, Wu Y, Zhang Z. Investigating the impact of schizophrenia traits on attention: the role of the theta band in a modified Posner cueing paradigm. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae274. [PMID: 38976973 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Joint attention is an indispensable tool for daily communication. Abnormalities in joint attention may be a key reason underlying social impairment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In this study, we aimed to explore the attentional orientation mechanism related to schizotypal traits in a social situation. Here, we employed a Posner cueing paradigm with social attentional cues. Subjects needed to detect the location of a target that is cued by gaze and head orientation. The power in the theta frequency band was used to examine the attentional process in the schizophrenia spectrum. There were four main findings. First, a significant association was found between schizotypal traits and attention orientation in response to invalid gaze cues. Second, individuals with schizotypal traits exhibited significant activation of neural oscillations and synchrony in the theta band, which correlated with their schizotypal tendencies. Third, neural oscillations and synchrony demonstrated a synergistic effect during social tasks, particularly when processing gaze cues. Finally, the relationship between schizotypal traits and attention orientation was mediated by neural oscillations and synchrony in the theta frequency band. These findings deepen our understanding of the impact of theta activity in schizotypal traits on joint attention and offer new insights for future intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Qu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7186 Satellite Road (South), Chaoyang District, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Shuo Zhao
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zimo Li
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Jinglong Wu
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Toshiya Murai
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Qi Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7186 Satellite Road (South), Chaoyang District, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yan Wu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7186 Satellite Road (South), Chaoyang District, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Lee Masson H, Chang L, Isik L. Multidimensional neural representations of social features during movie viewing. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2024; 19:nsae030. [PMID: 38722755 PMCID: PMC11130526 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsae030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The social world is dynamic and contextually embedded. Yet, most studies utilize simple stimuli that do not capture the complexity of everyday social episodes. To address this, we implemented a movie viewing paradigm and investigated how everyday social episodes are processed in the brain. Participants watched one of two movies during an MRI scan. Neural patterns from brain regions involved in social perception, mentalization, action observation and sensory processing were extracted. Representational similarity analysis results revealed that several labeled social features (including social interaction, mentalization, the actions of others, characters talking about themselves, talking about others and talking about objects) were represented in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and middle temporal gyrus (MTG). The mentalization feature was also represented throughout the theory of mind network, and characters talking about others engaged the temporoparietal junction (TPJ), suggesting that listeners may spontaneously infer the mental state of those being talked about. In contrast, we did not observe the action representations in the frontoparietal regions of the action observation network. The current findings indicate that STG and MTG serve as key regions for social processing, and that listening to characters talk about others elicits spontaneous mental state inference in TPJ during natural movie viewing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucy Chang
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218, USA
| | - Leyla Isik
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218, USA
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Vinçon-Leite A, Saitovitch A, Lemaître H, Rechtman E, Boisgontier J, Fillon L, Philippe A, Rio M, Desguerre I, Fabre A, Aljabali K, Boddaert N, Zilbovicius M. Identifying interindividual variability of social perception and associated brain anatomical correlations in children with autism spectrum disorder using eye-tracking and diffusion tensor imaging MRI (DTI-MRI). Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad434. [PMID: 38037470 PMCID: PMC10793563 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though deficits in social cognition constitute a core characteristic of autism spectrum disorders, a large heterogeneity exists regarding individual social performances and its neural basis remains poorly investigated. Here, we used eye-tracking to objectively measure interindividual variability in social perception and its correlation with white matter microstructure, measured with diffusion tensor imaging MRI, in 25 children with autism spectrum disorder (8.5 ± 3.8 years). Beyond confirming deficits in social perception in participants with autism spectrum disorder compared 24 typically developing controls (10.5 ± 2.9 years), results revealed a large interindividual variability of such behavior among individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Whole-brain analysis showed in both autism spectrum disorder and typically developing groups a positive correlation between number of fixations to the eyes and fractional anisotropy values mainly in right and left superior longitudinal tracts. In children with autism spectrum disorder a correlation was also observed in right and left inferior longitudinal tracts. Importantly, a significant interaction between group and number of fixations to the eyes was observed within the anterior portion of the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, mainly in the right anterior temporal region. This additional correlation in a supplementary region suggests the existence of a compensatory brain mechanism, which may support enhanced performance in social perception among children with autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Vinçon-Leite
- Institut Imagine, UMR 1163, INSERM U1299, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
- Department for Autism, SATORI, Henri Guérin Hospital, Pierrefeu du Var 83390, France
| | - Ana Saitovitch
- Institut Imagine, UMR 1163, INSERM U1299, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Herve Lemaître
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, CNRS UMR 5293, Université de bordeaux, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elza Rechtman
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medecine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Jennifer Boisgontier
- Institut Imagine, UMR 1163, INSERM U1299, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Fillon
- Institut Imagine, UMR 1163, INSERM U1299, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anne Philippe
- Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marlène Rio
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP-Centre, Paris, France. Laboratoire de génétique des troubles du neurodéveloppement, Institut Imagine, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Desguerre
- Paediatric Neurology Department, Necker-Enfants malades University Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Fabre
- Institut Imagine, UMR 1163, INSERM U1299, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Khawla Aljabali
- Institut Imagine, UMR 1163, INSERM U1299, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Boddaert
- Institut Imagine, UMR 1163, INSERM U1299, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Monica Zilbovicius
- Institut Imagine, UMR 1163, INSERM U1299, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
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Ni HC, Chao YP, Tseng RY, Wu CT, Cocchi L, Chou TL, Chen RS, Gau SSF, Yeh CH, Lin HY. Lack of effects of four-week theta burst stimulation on white matter macro/microstructure in children and adolescents with autism. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 37:103324. [PMID: 36638598 PMCID: PMC9852693 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Following the published behavioral and cognitive results of this single-blind parallel sham-controlled randomized clinical trial, the current study aimed to explore the impact of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a variant of excitatory transcranial magnetic stimulation, over the bilateral posterior superior temporal sulci (pSTS) on white matter macro/microstructure in intellectually able children and adolescents with autism. Participants were randomized and blindly received active or sham iTBS for 4 weeks (the single-blind sham-controlled phase). Then, all participants continued to receive active iTBS for another 4 weeks (the open-label phase). The clinical results were published elsewhere. Here, we present diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data on potential changes in white matter measures after iTBS. Twenty-two participants in Active-Active group and 27 participants in Sham-Active group underwent multi-shell high angular resolution diffusion imaging (64-direction for b = 2000 & 1000 s/mm2, respectively) at baseline, week 4, and week 8. With longitudinal fixel-based analysis, we found no white matter changes following iTBS from baseline to week 4 (a null treatment by time interaction and a null within-group paired comparison in the Active-Active group), nor from baseline to week 8 (null within-group paired comparisons in both Active-Active and Sham-Active groups). As for the brain-symptoms relationship, we did not find baseline white matter metrics associated with symptom changes at week 4 in either group. Our results raise the question of what the minimal cumulative stimulation dose required to induce the white matter plasticity is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Chang Ni
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Chao
- Deparment of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Rung-Yu Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Te Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Luca Cocchi
- Clinical Brain Networks Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tai-Li Chou
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rou-Shayn Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Susan Shur-Fen Gau
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiang-Yuan Lin
- Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Wei D, Tsheringla S, McPartland JC, Allsop AZASA. Combinatorial approaches for treating neuropsychiatric social impairment. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2022; 377:20210051. [PMID: 35858103 PMCID: PMC9274330 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2021.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Social behaviour is an essential component of human life and deficits in social function are seen across multiple psychiatric conditions with high morbidity. However, there are currently no FDA-approved treatments for social dysfunction. Since social cognition and behaviour rely on multiple signalling processes acting in concert across various neural networks, treatments aimed at social function may inherently require a combinatorial approach. Here, we describe the social neurobiology of the oxytocin and endocannabinoid signalling systems as well as translational evidence for their use in treating symptoms in the social domain. We leverage this systems neurobiology to propose a network-based framework that involves pharmacology, psychotherapy, non-invasive brain stimulation and social skills training to combinatorially target trans-diagnostic social impairment. Lastly, we discuss the combined use of oxytocin and endocannabinoids within our proposed framework as an illustrative strategy to treat specific aspects of social function. Using this framework provides a roadmap for actionable treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric social impairment. This article is part of the theme issue 'Interplays between oxytocin and other neuromodulators in shaping complex social behaviours'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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6
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Cuny ML, Vaivre-Douret L, Piana H, Blauwblomme T, Beccaria K, Paternoster G, Bourgeois M, James S, Zerah M, Prodhomme J, Esnault E, Cozzo M, Trousson C, Navarro B, Stricker S, Boddaert N, Sainte-Rose C, Piolino P, Puget S. Temporosylvian arachnoid cysts in children. Part 1: Cognitive profile of children with a temporal cyst and impact of the cyst in daily life. A prospective study in 100 consecutive children. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2022; 30:138-149. [PMID: 35594888 DOI: 10.3171/2021.11.peds21203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the cognitive profile of children with a temporal arachnoid cyst (TAC) and its impact on daily life. METHODS The authors prospectively analyzed the cognitive and psychological profiles of 100 consecutive children relative to age and cyst characteristics (side, cyst size, and cyst shape: convex or nonconvex) and their outcome 4 years later. RESULTS Mean IQs were normal but with high heterogeneity on Full Scale IQ (FSIQ; range 59-150); 29% of children had at least one Wechsler index below the norm, in particular, Processing Speed and Working Memory Indexes. Impairments were observed in language for 31% of children, as well as in verbal memory (28%), visual memory (23%), executive function (21%), and visual attention (24%). Half of the children (50%) needed rehabilitation for learning difficulties, and 26% had academic difficulties. The parental questionnaire BRIEF (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function) revealed significant executive dysfunctions in daily life for 22% of the children. One-third of the patients (34%) required psychotherapy for anxiety or social disorders, with higher rates in patients with a right-sided cyst and older children. Cyst size had very little neuropsychological impact. Convex cysts were significantly associated with worse performance than nonconvex cysts on all Wechsler indexes and FSIQ, and in language, verbal memory, attention, and visuospatial skills. Children with a convex cyst had significantly more executive and behavior difficulties in daily life and more psychotherapy than other children. The effect of cyst shape was independent of Galassi type and cyst side. Children with a ruptured cyst or an incidentally discovered cyst usually had a good cognitive level. Four years later, children without initial disorders remained stable, whereas those with difficulties who did not undergo surgery needed more rehabilitation and school adaptations. CONCLUSIONS This large cohort study revealed a varied profile of children with a TAC: at initial assessment, 50% had neuropsychological difficulties and needed rehabilitation and/or psychotherapy for learning or behavior difficulties, and 50% had no difficulties, which may explain the debate about this pathology. Patients with neuropsychological difficulties had a heterogeneous profile with normal intelligence but selective cognitive and/or behavior disorders that may have a long-term impact on their quality of life, particularly those with a right-sided cyst. A neuropsychological evaluation is not always necessary for a cyst discovered incidentally, but early evaluation is essential in patients with academic, learning, or psychological disorders. When assessment shows selective disorders presumably linked to cyst location, surgery may be considered, particularly for convex cysts, as this study revealed more effects in association with cyst shape than with cyst size and significantly poorer performance with a convex cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Cuny
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
- 2INSERM UMR 1018-CESP, Universités Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
- 5Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition, Institut de Psychologie, Université de Paris; INSERM UMR S894, Paris, France; and
| | - Laurence Vaivre-Douret
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
- 2INSERM UMR 1018-CESP, Universités Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
- 3Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, France
- 4Institut universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Piana
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Blauwblomme
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
- 3Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, France
| | - Kévin Beccaria
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
- 3Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, France
| | | | - Marie Bourgeois
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Syril James
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Michel Zerah
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
- 3Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, France
| | - Julie Prodhomme
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Eglantine Esnault
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Cozzo
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Clémence Trousson
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Navarro
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Stricker
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Boddaert
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
- 3Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, France
| | - Christian Sainte-Rose
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
- 3Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, France
- 6Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Fort de France, Université des Antilles, Fort-de-France, Martinique
| | - Pascale Piolino
- 4Institut universitaire de France, Paris, France
- 5Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition, Institut de Psychologie, Université de Paris; INSERM UMR S894, Paris, France; and
| | - Stephanie Puget
- 1Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital universitaire Necker, AP-HP, Paris, France
- 3Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, France
- 6Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Fort de France, Université des Antilles, Fort-de-France, Martinique
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Battaglia S, Fabius JH, Moravkova K, Fracasso A, Borgomaneri S. The Neurobiological Correlates of Gaze Perception in Healthy Individuals and Neurologic Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:627. [PMID: 35327431 PMCID: PMC8945205 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to adaptively follow conspecific eye movements is crucial for establishing shared attention and survival. Indeed, in humans, interacting with the gaze direction of others causes the reflexive orienting of attention and the faster object detection of the signaled spatial location. The behavioral evidence of this phenomenon is called gaze-cueing. Although this effect can be conceived as automatic and reflexive, gaze-cueing is often susceptible to context. In fact, gaze-cueing was shown to interact with other factors that characterize facial stimulus, such as the kind of cue that induces attention orienting (i.e., gaze or non-symbolic cues) or the emotional expression conveyed by the gaze cues. Here, we address neuroimaging evidence, investigating the neural bases of gaze-cueing and the perception of gaze direction and how contextual factors interact with the gaze shift of attention. Evidence from neuroimaging, as well as the fields of non-invasive brain stimulation and neurologic patients, highlights the involvement of the amygdala and the superior temporal lobe (especially the superior temporal sulcus (STS)) in gaze perception. However, in this review, we also emphasized the discrepancies of the attempts to characterize the distinct functional roles of the regions in the processing of gaze. Finally, we conclude by presenting the notion of invariant representation and underline its value as a conceptual framework for the future characterization of the perceptual processing of gaze within the STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Battaglia
- Centro Studi e Ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Jasper H. Fabius
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QB, UK; (J.H.F.); (K.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Katarina Moravkova
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QB, UK; (J.H.F.); (K.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Alessio Fracasso
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QB, UK; (J.H.F.); (K.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Sara Borgomaneri
- Centro Studi e Ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
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Eye Direction Detection and Perception as Premises of a Social Brain: A Narrative Review of Behavioral and Neural Data. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 22:1-20. [PMID: 34642895 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-021-00959-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The eyes and the gaze are important stimuli for social interaction in humans. Impaired recognition of facial identity, facial emotions, and inference of the intentions of others may result from difficulties in extracting information relevant to the eye region, mainly the direction of gaze. Therefore, a review of these data is of interest. Behavioral data demonstrating the importance of the eye region and how humans respond to gaze direction are reviewed narratively, and several theoretical models on how visual information on gaze is processed are discussed to propose a unified hypothesis. Several issues that have not yet been investigated are identified. The authors tentatively suggest experiments that might help progress research in this area. The neural aspects are subsequently reviewed to best describe the low-level and higher-level visual information processing stages in the targeted subcortical and cortical areas. A specific neural network is proposed on the basis of the literature. Various gray areas, such as the temporality of the processing of visual information, the question of salience priority, and the coordination between the two hemispheres, remain unclear and require further investigations. Finally, disordered gaze direction detection mechanisms and their consequences on social cognition and behavior are discussed as key deficiencies in several conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder, 22q11.2 deletion, schizophrenia, and social anxiety disorder. This narrative review provides significant additional data showing that the detection and perception of someone's gaze is an essential part of the development of our social brain.
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Stephenson LJ, Edwards SG, Bayliss AP. From Gaze Perception to Social Cognition: The Shared-Attention System. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2021; 16:553-576. [PMID: 33567223 PMCID: PMC8114330 DOI: 10.1177/1745691620953773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
When two people look at the same object in the environment and are aware of each other's attentional state, they find themselves in a shared-attention episode. This can occur through intentional or incidental signaling and, in either case, causes an exchange of information between the two parties about the environment and each other's mental states. In this article, we give an overview of what is known about the building blocks of shared attention (gaze perception and joint attention) and focus on bringing to bear new findings on the initiation of shared attention that complement knowledge about gaze following and incorporate new insights from research into the sense of agency. We also present a neurocognitive model, incorporating first-, second-, and third-order social cognitive processes (the shared-attention system, or SAS), building on previous models and approaches. The SAS model aims to encompass perceptual, cognitive, and affective processes that contribute to and follow on from the establishment of shared attention. These processes include fundamental components of social cognition such as reward, affective evaluation, agency, empathy, and theory of mind.
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10
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Increased Accuracy of Emotion Recognition in Individuals with Autism-Like Traits after Five Days of Magnetic Stimulations. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:9857987. [PMID: 32714385 PMCID: PMC7355343 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9857987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with autism-like traits (ALT) belong to a subclinical group with similar social deficits as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Their main social deficits include atypical eye contact and difficulty in understanding facial expressions, both of which are associated with an abnormality of the right posterior superior temporal sulcus (rpSTS). It is still undetermined whether it is possible to improve the social function of ALT individuals through noninvasive neural modulation. To this end, we randomly assigned ALT individuals into the real (n = 16) and sham (n = 16) stimulation groups. All subjects received five consecutive days of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on the rpSTS. Eye tracking data and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired on the first and sixth days. The real group showed significant improvement in emotion recognition accuracy after iTBS, but the change was not significantly larger than that in the sham group. Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between the rpSTS and the left cerebellum significantly decreased in the real group than the sham group after iTBS. At baseline, rsFC in the left cerebellum was negatively correlated with emotion recognition accuracy. Our findings indicated that iTBS of the rpSTS could improve emotion perception of ALT individuals by modulating associated neural networks. This stimulation protocol could be a vital therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ASD.
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11
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Vinçon-Leite A, Saitovitch A, Lemaitre H, Rechtman E, Fillon L, Grevent D, Calmon R, Brunelle F, Boddaert N, Zilbovicius M. Neural basis of interindividual variability in social perception in typically developing children and adolescents using diffusion tensor imaging. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6379. [PMID: 32286406 PMCID: PMC7156418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans show great interindividual variability in the degree they engage in social relationship. The neural basis of this variability is still poorly understood, particularly in children. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neural basis of interindividual variability in the first step of social behavior, that is social perception, in typically developing children. For that purpose, we first used eye-tracking to objectively measure eye-gaze processing during passive visualization of social movie clips in 24 children and adolescents (10.5 ± 2.9 y). Secondly, we correlated eye-tracking data with measures of fractional anisotropy, an index of white matter microstructure, obtained using diffusion tensor imaging MRI. The results showed a large interindividual variability in the number of fixations to the eyes of characters during visualization of social scenes. In addition, whole-brain analysis showed a significant positive correlation between FA and number of fixations to the eyes,mainly in the temporal part of the superior longitudinal fasciculi bilaterally, adjacent to the posterior superior temporal cortex. Our results indicate the existence of a neural signature associated with the interindividual variability in social perception in children, contributing for better understanding the neural basis of typical and atypical development of a broader social expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vinçon-Leite
- INSERM UA10, University René Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | - A Saitovitch
- INSERM UA10, University René Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - H Lemaitre
- INSERM UA10, University René Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Paris-Saclay University, Paris Sud University, Faculté de médecine, Paris, France
| | - E Rechtman
- INSERM UA10, University René Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - L Fillon
- INSERM UA10, University René Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - D Grevent
- INSERM UA10, University René Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - R Calmon
- INSERM UA10, University René Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - F Brunelle
- INSERM UA10, University René Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - N Boddaert
- INSERM UA10, University René Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - M Zilbovicius
- INSERM UA10, University René Descartes, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité and UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
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12
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Rechtman E, Puget S, Saitovitch A, Lemaitre H, Fillion L, Tacchella JM, Boisgontier J, Cuny ML, Boddaert N, Zilbovicius M. Posterior Fossa Arachnoid Cyst in a Pediatric Population is Associated with Social Perception and Rest Cerebral Blood Flow Abnormalities. THE CEREBELLUM 2019; 19:58-67. [PMID: 31732920 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-019-01082-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Posterior fossa arachnoid cysts (PFAC) may produce not only neurological symptoms but also other symptoms still poorly understood such as behavioral and learning deficits, awkwardness, and difficulties in social interaction. These subtle social impairments have not been formally described and their underlying brain mechanisms remain unknown. In the present case-control study, we aimed to empirically characterize social impairments in a pediatric population with PFAC using eye tracking. In addition, we investigated putative functional cortical abnormalities in these children using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. Overall, 15 patients with PFAC (3f, age = 9.4 ± 4 years) and 43 typically developing volunteer children (16f, age = 9.3 ± 3.6 years) were enrolled in this study. Eye tracking was used to record gaze patterns during visualization of social interaction scenes. Viewing times to faces of characters and non-social background were analyzed. A voxel-wise whole-brain analysis was performed to investigate rest cerebral blood flow (CBF) abnormalities. Significantly reduced viewing time to faces was observed in patients compared with controls (p < 0.01). A ROC curve analysis revealed that 30% of PFAC patients presented viewing time to the face lower than the cutoff, while none of the controls did. The whole-brain analysis revealed a significant decrease in rest CBF in PFAC patients compared with controls bilaterally in the superior temporal gyrus and the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) (p < 0.05 FWE). These results suggest that early life PFAC may have an impact on functional activity of the temporal lobe, which could be associated with social perception deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elza Rechtman
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University René Descartes, Institut Imagine and UMR 1163, Paris, France. .,Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, Box 1057, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Stephanie Puget
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University René Descartes, Pres Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Ana Saitovitch
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University René Descartes, Institut Imagine and UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Lemaitre
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University René Descartes, Institut Imagine and UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Faculté De Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Ludovic Fillion
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University René Descartes, Institut Imagine and UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Tacchella
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University René Descartes, Institut Imagine and UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Boisgontier
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University René Descartes, Institut Imagine and UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Cuny
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University René Descartes, Pres Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Memory and Cognition, Institute of Psychology, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,CESP, University Paris-Sud, UVSQ, INSERM 1018, University Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Boddaert
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University René Descartes, Institut Imagine and UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Monica Zilbovicius
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, University René Descartes, Institut Imagine and UMR 1163, Paris, France
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13
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Saitovitch A, Lemaitre H, Rechtman E, Vinçon-Leite A, Calmon R, Grévent D, Dangouloff-Ros V, Brunelle F, Boddaert N, Zilbovicius M. Neural and behavioral signature of human social perception. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9252. [PMID: 31239453 PMCID: PMC6593101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44977-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Social behavior is extremely variable among individuals, and the neural basis of this variability is still poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neural basis of interindividual variability in the first step of social behavior, that is, social perception. For that purpose, we first used eye-tracking to measure social perception during the passive visualization of socially relevant movie clips. Second, we correlated eye-tracking data with measures of rest cerebral blood flow (CBF) obtained using arterial spin-labeling (ASL) MRI, an index of local rest brain function. The results showed a large interindividual variability in the number of fixations to the eyes of characters during passive visualization of movie clips displaying social interactions. Moreover, individual patterns remained stable across time, suggesting an individual signature of social behavior. Whole-brain analyses showed significant positive correlation between the number of fixations to the eyes and rest CBF: individuals who looked more to the eyes were those with higher rest CBF levels within the right superior temporal regions. Our results indicate the existence of a neural and behavioral signature associated with the interindividual variability in social perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Saitovitch
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology and IMAGINE Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
| | - Hervé Lemaitre
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology and IMAGINE Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Paris-Sud University, University of Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Elza Rechtman
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology and IMAGINE Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Alice Vinçon-Leite
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology and IMAGINE Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Raphael Calmon
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology and IMAGINE Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - David Grévent
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology and IMAGINE Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Volodia Dangouloff-Ros
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology and IMAGINE Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Francis Brunelle
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology and IMAGINE Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Boddaert
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology and IMAGINE Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Monica Zilbovicius
- INSERM U1000, Department of Pediatric Radiology and IMAGINE Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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14
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Thye MD, Bednarz HM, Herringshaw AJ, Sartin EB, Kana RK. The impact of atypical sensory processing on social impairments in autism spectrum disorder. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2018; 29:151-167. [PMID: 28545994 PMCID: PMC6987885 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered sensory processing has been an important feature of the clinical descriptions of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). There is evidence that sensory dysregulation arises early in the progression of ASD and impacts social functioning. This paper reviews behavioral and neurobiological evidence that describes how sensory deficits across multiple modalities (vision, hearing, touch, olfaction, gustation, and multisensory integration) could impact social functions in ASD. Theoretical models of ASD and their implications for the relationship between sensory and social functioning are discussed. Furthermore, neural differences in anatomy, function, and connectivity of different regions underlying sensory and social processing are also discussed. We conclude that there are multiple mechanisms through which early sensory dysregulation in ASD could cascade into social deficits across development. Future research is needed to clarify these mechanisms, and specific focus should be given to distinguish between deficits in primary sensory processing and altered top-down attentional and cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D Thye
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Haley M Bednarz
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Abbey J Herringshaw
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Emma B Sartin
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States
| | - Rajesh K Kana
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States.
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15
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Hotier S, Leroy F, Boisgontier J, Laidi C, Mangin JF, Delorme R, Bolognani F, Czech C, Bouquet C, Toledano E, Bouvard M, Petit J, Mishchenko M, d'Albis MA, Gras D, Gaman A, Scheid I, Leboyer M, Zalla T, Houenou J. Social cognition in autism is associated with the neurodevelopment of the posterior superior temporal sulcus. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2017; 136:517-525. [PMID: 28940401 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) plays a critical role in the 'social brain'. Its neurodevelopment and relationship with the social impairment in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are not well understood. We explored the relationship between social cognition and the neurodevelopment of the pSTS in ASD. METHOD We included 44 adults with high-functioning ASD and 36 controls. We assessed their performances on the 'Reading the mind in the eyes' test (for 34 of 44 subjects with ASD and 30 of 36 controls), their fixation time on the eyes with eye tracking (for 35 of 44 subjects with ASD and 30 of 36 controls) and the morphology of the caudal branches of the pSTS (length and depth), markers of the neurodevelopment, with structural MRI. RESULTS The right anterior caudal ramus of the pSTS was significantly longer in patients with ASD compared with controls (52.6 mm vs. 38.3 mm; P = 1.4 × 10-3 ; Cohen's d = 0.76). Its length negatively correlated with fixation time on the eyes (P = 0.03) in the ASD group and with the 'Reading the mind in the eyes' test scores in both groups (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the neurodevelopment of the pSTS is related to the ASD social impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hotier
- UNIACT, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin Neuroimaging Platform, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
- INSERM U955, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, Team 15, Translational Psychiatry, Créteil, France
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- Psychiatry Department, Charles Nicolle University Hospital, Rouen, France
- DHU PePSY, Department of Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Paris East University, Créteil, France
| | - F Leroy
- INSERM, U992, UNICOG, NeuroSpin Neuroimaging Platform, University Paris Saclay, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Boisgontier
- UNIACT, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin Neuroimaging Platform, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
- INSERM U955, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, Team 15, Translational Psychiatry, Créteil, France
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
| | - C Laidi
- UNIACT, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin Neuroimaging Platform, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
- INSERM U955, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, Team 15, Translational Psychiatry, Créteil, France
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- DHU PePSY, Department of Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France
| | - J-F Mangin
- UNATI, Neurospin Neuroimaging Platform, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - R Delorme
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions Unit, Paris, France
| | - F Bolognani
- Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, and Rare Diseases (NORD), Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - C Czech
- Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, and Rare Diseases (NORD), Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - C Bouquet
- Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, and Rare Diseases (NORD), Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Toledano
- Institut Roche, Roche Pharmaceuticals, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - M Bouvard
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- Children and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - J Petit
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- DHU PePSY, Department of Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France
| | - M Mishchenko
- Jean Nicod Institute, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Normale Supeérieure, PSL, Research University, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Processes (EA 4057), Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - M-A d'Albis
- UNIACT, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin Neuroimaging Platform, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
- INSERM U955, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, Team 15, Translational Psychiatry, Créteil, France
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- DHU PePSY, Department of Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France
| | - D Gras
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- Jean Nicod Institute, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Normale Supeérieure, PSL, Research University, Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Linguistique Formelle, CNRS, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - A Gaman
- INSERM U955, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, Team 15, Translational Psychiatry, Créteil, France
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- DHU PePSY, Department of Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France
| | - I Scheid
- INSERM U955, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, Team 15, Translational Psychiatry, Créteil, France
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- DHU PePSY, Department of Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - M Leboyer
- INSERM U955, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, Team 15, Translational Psychiatry, Créteil, France
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- DHU PePSY, Department of Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Paris East University, Créteil, France
| | - T Zalla
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- Jean Nicod Institute, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Normale Supeérieure, PSL, Research University, Paris, France
| | - J Houenou
- UNIACT, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin Neuroimaging Platform, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
- INSERM U955, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, Team 15, Translational Psychiatry, Créteil, France
- Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France
- DHU PePSY, Department of Psychiatry, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Mondor University Hospitals, Créteil, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Paris East University, Créteil, France
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16
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Cerebellar anatomical alterations and attention to eyes in autism. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12008. [PMID: 28931838 PMCID: PMC5607223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11883-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The cerebellum is implicated in social cognition and is likely to be involved in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The goal of our study was to explore cerebellar morphology in adults with ASD and its relationship to eye contact, as measured by fixation time allocated on the eye region using an eye-tracking device. Two-hundred ninety-four subjects with ASD and controls were included in our study and underwent a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan. Global segmentation and cortical parcellation of the cerebellum were performed. A sub-sample of 59 subjects underwent an eye tracking protocol in order to measure the fixation time allocated to the eye region. We did not observe any difference in global cerebellar volumes between ASD patients and controls; however, regional analyses found a decrease of the volume of the right anterior cerebellum in subjects with ASD compared to controls. There were significant correlations between fixation time on eyes and the volumes of the vermis and Crus I. Our results suggest that cerebellar morphology may be related to eye avoidance and reduced social attention. Eye tracking may be a promising neuro-anatomically based stratifying biomarker of ASD.
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17
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Ni HC, Hung J, Wu CT, Wu YY, Chang CJ, Chen RS, Huang YZ. The Impact of Single Session Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation over the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex and Posterior Superior Temporal Sulcus on Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:255. [PMID: 28536500 PMCID: PMC5423353 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a patterned repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, was applied over the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) or dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to explore its impact in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Among 25 adults with ASD, 19 (mean age: 20.8 years) completed the randomized, sham-controlled, crossover trial. Every participant received iTBS over the bilateral DLPFC, bilateral pSTS and inion (as a sham control stimulation) in a randomized order with a 1-week interval. Neuropsychological functions were assessed using the Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CCPT) and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Behavioral outcomes were measured using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). In comparison to that in the sham stimulation, the reaction time in the CCPT significantly decreased following single DLPFC session (p = 0.04, effect size = 0.71) while there were no significant differences in the CCPT and WCST following single pSTS session. Besides, the results in behavioral outcomes were inconsistent and had discrepancy between reports of parents and patients. In conclusion, a single session of iTBS over the bilateral DLPFC may alter the neuropsychological function in adults with ASD. The impacts of multiple-sessions iTBS over the DLPFC or pSTS deserve further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Chang Ni
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at LinkouLinkou, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipei, Taiwan
| | - June Hung
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at LinkouTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Te Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at LinkouTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yu Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at LinkouLinkou, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Jen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan.,Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Services Center for Health Information, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Rou-Shayn Chen
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at LinkouTaipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Zu Huang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at LinkouTaipei, Taiwan.,Medical School, Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central UniversityTaoyuan, Taiwan
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