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Giua G, Lassalle O, Makrini-Maleville L, Valjent E, Chavis P, Manzoni OJJ. Investigating cell-specific effects of FMRP deficiency on spiny projection neurons in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1146647. [PMID: 37323585 PMCID: PMC10264852 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1146647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fragile X syndrome (FXS), resulting from a mutation in the Fmr1 gene, is the most common monogenic cause of autism and inherited intellectual disability. Fmr1 encodes the Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein (FMRP), and its absence leads to cognitive, emotional, and social deficits compatible with the nucleus accumbens (NAc) dysfunction. This structure is pivotal in social behavior control, consisting mainly of spiny projection neurons (SPNs), distinguished by dopamine D1 or D2 receptor expression, connectivity, and associated behavioral functions. This study aims to examine how FMRP absence differentially affects SPN cellular properties, which is crucial for categorizing FXS cellular endophenotypes. Methods We utilized a novel Fmr1-/y::Drd1a-tdTomato mouse model, which allows in-situ identification of SPN subtypes in FXS mice. Using RNA-sequencing, RNAScope and ex-vivo patch-clamp in adult male mice NAc, we comprehensively compared the intrinsic passive and active properties of SPN subtypes. Results Fmr1 transcripts and their gene product, FMRP, were found in both SPNs subtypes, indicating potential cell-specific functions for Fmr1. The study found that the distinguishing membrane properties and action potential kinetics typically separating D1- from D2-SPNs in wild-type mice were either reversed or abolished in Fmr1-/y::Drd1a-tdTomato mice. Interestingly, multivariate analysis highlighted the compound effects of Fmr1 ablation by disclosing how the phenotypic traits distinguishing each cell type in wild-type mice were altered in FXS. Discussion Our results suggest that the absence of FMRP disrupts the standard dichotomy characterizing NAc D1- and D2-SPNs, resulting in a homogenous phenotype. This shift in cellular properties could potentially underpin select aspects of the pathology observed in FXS. Therefore, understanding the nuanced effects of FMRP absence on SPN subtypes can offer valuable insights into the pathophysiology of FXS, opening avenues for potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giua
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab “Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory”, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Lassalle
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab “Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory”, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Valjent
- IGF, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascale Chavis
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab “Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory”, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier J. J. Manzoni
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab “Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory”, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Marseille, France
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2
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Petroni V, Subashi E, Premoli M, Memo M, Lemaire V, Pietropaolo S. Long-term behavioral effects of prenatal stress in the Fmr1-knock-out mouse model for fragile X syndrome. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:917183. [PMID: 36385949 PMCID: PMC9647640 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.917183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a major neurodevelopmental disorder and the most common monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). FXS is caused by a mutation in the X-linked FMR1 gene leading to the absence of the FMRP protein, inducing several behavioral deficits, including motor, emotional, cognitive, and social abnormalities. Beside its clear genetic origins, FXS can be modulated by environmental factors, e.g., stress exposure: indeed the behavioral phenotype of FXS, as well as of ASD patients can be exacerbated by the repeated experience of stressful events, especially early in life. Here we investigated the long-term effects of prenatal exposure to unpredictable chronic stress on the behavioral phenotype of the Fmr1-knock-out (KO) mouse model for FXS and ASD. Mice were tested for FXS- and ASD-relevant behaviors first at adulthood (3 months) and then at aging (18 months), in order to assess the persistence and the potential time-related progression of the stress effects. Stress induced the selective emergence of behavioral deficits in Fmr1-KO mice that were evident in spatial memory only at aging. Stress also exerted several age-specific behavioral effects in mice of both genotypes: at adulthood it enhanced anxiety levels and reduced social interaction, while at aging it enhanced locomotor activity and reduced the complexity of ultrasonic calls. Our findings underline the relevance of gene-environment interactions in mouse models of neurodevelopmental syndromes and highlight the long-term behavioral impact of prenatal stress in laboratory mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Petroni
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Enejda Subashi
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marika Premoli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Memo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valerie Lemaire
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Susanna Pietropaolo
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INCIA, UMR 5287, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- *Correspondence: Susanna Pietropaolo,
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3
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Ravasz L, Kékesi KA, Mittli D, Todorov MI, Borhegyi Z, Ercsey-Ravasz M, Tyukodi B, Wang J, Bártfai T, Eberwine J, Juhász G. Cell Surface Protein mRNAs Show Differential Transcription in Pyramidal and Fast-Spiking Cells as Revealed by Single-Cell Sequencing. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:731-745. [PMID: 32710103 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a key role in higher order cognitive functions and psychiatric disorders such as autism, schizophrenia, and depression. In the PFC, the two major classes of neurons are the glutamatergic pyramidal (Pyr) cells and the GABAergic interneurons such as fast-spiking (FS) cells. Despite extensive electrophysiological, morphological, and pharmacological studies of the PFC, the therapeutically utilized drug targets are restricted to dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic receptors. To expand the pharmacological possibilities as well as to better understand the cellular and network effects of clinically used drugs, it is important to identify cell-type-selective, druggable cell surface proteins and to link developed drug candidates to Pyr or FS cell targets. To identify the mRNAs of such cell-specific/enriched proteins, we performed ultra-deep single-cell mRNA sequencing (19 685 transcripts in total) on electrophysiologically characterized intact PFC neurons harvested from acute brain slices of mice. Several selectively expressed transcripts were identified with some of the genes that have already been associated with cellular mechanisms of psychiatric diseases, which we can now assign to Pyr (e.g., Kcnn2, Gria3) or FS (e.g., Kcnk2, Kcnmb1) cells. The earlier classification of PFC neurons was also confirmed at mRNA level, and additional markers have been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Ravasz
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.,Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Katalin Adrienna Kékesi
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.,Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.,Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Dániel Mittli
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Mihail Ivilinov Todorov
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Borhegyi
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.,Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Mária Ercsey-Ravasz
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca RO-400084, Romania.,Transylvanian Institute of Neuroscience, Cluj-Napoca RO-400157, Romania
| | - Botond Tyukodi
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca RO-400084, Romania.,Martin Fisher School of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tamás Bártfai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - James Eberwine
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gábor Juhász
- ELTE NAP Neuroimmunology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.,Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.,CRU Hungary Ltd., H-2131 Göd, Hungary
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4
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Monday HR, Bourdenx M, Jordan BA, Castillo PE. CB 1-receptor-mediated inhibitory LTD triggers presynaptic remodeling via protein synthesis and ubiquitination. eLife 2020; 9:54812. [PMID: 32902378 PMCID: PMC7521925 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-lasting forms of postsynaptic plasticity commonly involve protein synthesis-dependent structural changes of dendritic spines. However, the relationship between protein synthesis and presynaptic structural plasticity remains unclear. Here, we investigated structural changes in cannabinoid-receptor 1 (CB1)-mediated long-term depression of inhibitory transmission (iLTD), a form of presynaptic plasticity that involves a protein-synthesis-dependent long-lasting reduction in GABA release. We found that CB1-iLTD in acute rat hippocampal slices was associated with protein synthesis-dependent presynaptic structural changes. Using proteomics, we determined that CB1 activation in hippocampal neurons resulted in increased ribosomal proteins and initiation factors, but decreased levels of proteins involved in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, such as ARPC2 and WASF1/WAVE1, and presynaptic release. Moreover, while CB1-iLTD increased ubiquitin/proteasome activity, ubiquitination but not proteasomal degradation was critical for structural and functional presynaptic CB1-iLTD. Thus, CB1-iLTD relies on both protein synthesis and ubiquitination to elicit structural changes that underlie long-term reduction of GABA release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R Monday
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States
| | - Mathieu Bourdenx
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States.,Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States
| | - Bryen A Jordan
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States
| | - Pablo E Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States
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5
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Cell-Type- and Endocannabinoid-Specific Synapse Connectivity in the Adult Nucleus Accumbens Core. J Neurosci 2019; 40:1028-1041. [PMID: 31831522 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1100-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a mesocorticolimbic structure that integrates cognitive, emotional and motor functions. Although its role in psychiatric disorders is widely acknowledged, the understanding of its circuitry is not complete. Here, we combined optogenetic and whole-cell recordings to draw a functional portrait of excitatory disambiguated synapses onto D1 and D2 medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the adult male mouse NAc core. Comparing synaptic properties of ventral hippocampus (vHipp), basolateral amygdala (BLA) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) inputs revealed a hierarchy of synaptic inputs that depends on the identity of the postsynaptic target MSN. Thus, the BLA is the dominant excitatory pathway onto D1 MSNs (BLA > PFC = vHipp) while PFC inputs dominate D2 MSNs (PFC > vHipp > BLA). We also tested the hypothesis that endocannabinoids endow excitatory circuits with pathway- and cell-specific plasticity. Thus, whereas CB1 receptors (CB1R) uniformly depress excitatory pathways regardless of MSNs identity, TRPV1 receptors (TRPV1R) bidirectionally control inputs onto the NAc core in a pathway-specific manner. Finally, we show that the interplay of TRPV1R/CB1R shapes plasticity at BLA-NAc synapses. Together these data shed new light on synapse and circuit specificity in the adult NAc core and illustrate how endocannabinoids contribute to pathway-specific synaptic plasticity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We examined the impact of connections from the ventral hippocampus (vHipp,) basolateral amygdala (BLA) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) onto identified medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the adult accumbens core. We found BLA inputs were strongest at D1 MSNs while PFC inputs dominate D2 MSNs. Pathway- and cell-specific circuit control was also facilitated by endocannabinoids that endow bidirectional synaptic plasticity at identified BLA-NAc synapses. These data provide mechanistic insights on synapse and circuit specificity in the adult NAc core.
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6
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Joffe ME, Centanni SW, Jaramillo AA, Winder DG, Conn PJ. Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Alcohol Use Disorder: Physiology, Plasticity, and Promising Pharmacotherapies. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:2188-2204. [PMID: 29792024 PMCID: PMC6192262 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing efficacious treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) has proven difficult. The insidious nature of the disease necessitates a deep understanding of its underlying biology as well as innovative approaches to ameliorate ethanol-related pathophysiology. Excessive ethanol seeking and relapse are generated by long-term changes to membrane properties, synaptic physiology, and plasticity throughout the limbic system and associated brain structures. Each of these factors can be modulated by metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors, a diverse set of G protein-coupled receptors highly expressed throughout the central nervous system. Here, we discuss how different components of the mGlu receptor family modulate neurotransmission in the limbic system and other brain regions involved in AUD etiology. We then describe how these processes are dysregulated following ethanol exposure and speculate about how mGlu receptor modulation might restore such pathophysiological changes. To that end, we detail the current understanding of the behavioral pharmacology of mGlu receptor-directed drug-like molecules in animal models of AUD. Together, this review highlights the prominent position of the mGlu receptor system in the pathophysiology of AUD and provides encouragement that several classes of mGlu receptor modulators may be translated as viable treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max E. Joffe
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0697, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0697, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0697, United States
| | - Samuel W. Centanni
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0697, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
| | - Anel A. Jaramillo
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0697, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
| | - Danny G. Winder
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0697, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0697, United States
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0697, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0697, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0697, United States
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7
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Bara A, Manduca A, Bernabeu A, Borsoi M, Serviado M, Lassalle O, Murphy M, Wager-Miller J, Mackie K, Pelissier-Alicot AL, Trezza V, Manzoni OJ. Sex-dependent effects of in utero cannabinoid exposure on cortical function. eLife 2018; 7:e36234. [PMID: 30201092 PMCID: PMC6162091 DOI: 10.7554/elife.36234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids can cross the placenta, thus may interfere with fetal endocannabinoid signaling during neurodevelopment, causing long-lasting deficits. Despite increasing reports of cannabis consumption during pregnancy, the protracted consequences of prenatal cannabinoid exposure (PCE) remain incompletely understood. Here, we report sex-specific differences in behavioral and neuronal deficits in the adult progeny of rat dams exposed to low doses of cannabinoids during gestation. In males, PCE reduced social interaction, ablated endocannabinoid long-term depression (LTD) and heightened excitability of prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons, while females were spared. Group 1 mGluR and endocannabinoid signaling regulate emotional behavior and synaptic plasticity. Notably, sex-differences following PCE included levels of mGluR1/5 and TRPV1R mRNA. Finally, positive allosteric modulation of mGlu5 and enhancement of anandamide levels restored LTD and social interaction in PCE adult males. Together, these results highlight marked sexual differences in the effects of PCE and introduce strategies for reversing detrimental effects of PCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Bara
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMEDMarseilleFrance
- Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated LaboratoryIndiana UniversityIndianaUnited States
| | - Antonia Manduca
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMEDMarseilleFrance
- Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated LaboratoryIndiana UniversityIndianaUnited States
- Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Department of ScienceUniversity Roma TreRomeItaly
| | - Axel Bernabeu
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMEDMarseilleFrance
- Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated LaboratoryIndiana UniversityIndianaUnited States
- APHMCHU Conception, Service de PsychiatrieMarseilleFrance
| | - Milene Borsoi
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMEDMarseilleFrance
- Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated LaboratoryIndiana UniversityIndianaUnited States
| | - Michela Serviado
- Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Department of ScienceUniversity Roma TreRomeItaly
| | - Olivier Lassalle
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMEDMarseilleFrance
- Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated LaboratoryIndiana UniversityIndianaUnited States
| | - Michelle Murphy
- Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated LaboratoryIndiana UniversityIndianaUnited States
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonUnited States
- Gill CentreIndiana UniversityBloomingtonUnited States
| | - Jim Wager-Miller
- Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated LaboratoryIndiana UniversityIndianaUnited States
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonUnited States
- Gill CentreIndiana UniversityBloomingtonUnited States
| | - Ken Mackie
- Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated LaboratoryIndiana UniversityIndianaUnited States
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonUnited States
- Gill CentreIndiana UniversityBloomingtonUnited States
| | - Anne-Laure Pelissier-Alicot
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMEDMarseilleFrance
- Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated LaboratoryIndiana UniversityIndianaUnited States
- APHMCHU Conception, Service de PsychiatrieMarseilleFrance
- APHMCHU Timone Adultes, Service de Médecine LégaleMarseilleFrance
| | - Viviana Trezza
- Section of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, Department of ScienceUniversity Roma TreRomeItaly
| | - Olivier J Manzoni
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INMEDMarseilleFrance
- Cannalab, Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated LaboratoryIndiana UniversityIndianaUnited States
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8
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Ghoshal A, Moran SP, Dickerson JW, Joffe ME, Grueter BA, Xiang Z, Lindsley CW, Rook JM, Conn PJ. Role of mGlu 5 Receptors and Inhibitory Neurotransmission in M 1 Dependent Muscarinic LTD in the Prefrontal Cortex: Implications in Schizophrenia. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:2254-2265. [PMID: 28679049 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective potentiation of the mGlu5 subtype of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor using positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) has robust cognition-enhancing effects in rodent models that are relevant for schizophrenia. Until recently, these effects were thought to be due to potentiation of mGlu5-induced modulation of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) currents and NMDAR-dependent synaptic plasticity. However, "biased" mGlu5 PAMs that do not potentiate mGlu5 effects on NMDAR currents show efficacy that is similar to that of prototypical mGlu5 PAMs, suggesting that NMDAR-independent mechanisms must be involved in these actions. We now report that synaptic activation of mGlu5 is required for a form of long-term depression (mLTD) in mouse prefrontal cortex (PFC) that is induced by activation of M1 muscarinic acetylcholine (mAChR) receptors, which was previously thought to be independent of mGlu5 activation. Interestingly, a biased mGlu5 PAM, VU0409551, that does not potentiate mGlu5 modulation of NMDAR currents, potentiated induction of mLTD. Furthermore, coactivation of mGlu5 and M1 receptors increased GABAA-dependent inhibitory tone in the PFC pyramidal neurons, which likely contributes to the observed mLTD. Finally, systemic administration of the biased mGlu5 PAM reversed deficits in mLTD and associated cognitive deficits in a model of cortical disruption caused by repeated phencyclidine exposure that is relevant for schizophrenia and was previously shown to be responsive to selective M1 muscarinic receptor PAMs. These studies provide exciting new insights into a novel mechanism by which mGlu5 PAMs can reverse deficits in PFC function and cognition that is independent of modulation of NMDAR currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Ghoshal
- Department of Pharmacology,
Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Sean P. Moran
- Department of Pharmacology,
Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Jonathan W. Dickerson
- Department of Pharmacology,
Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Max E. Joffe
- Department of Pharmacology,
Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Brad A. Grueter
- Department of Pharmacology,
Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Zixiu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology,
Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Craig W. Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology,
Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Jerri M. Rook
- Department of Pharmacology,
Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology,
Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
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Davis JK, Broadie K. Multifarious Functions of the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein. Trends Genet 2017; 33:703-714. [PMID: 28826631 PMCID: PMC5610095 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS), a heritable intellectual and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), results from the loss of Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). This neurodevelopmental disease state exhibits neural circuit hyperconnectivity and hyperexcitability. Canonically, FMRP functions as an mRNA-binding translation suppressor, but recent findings have enormously expanded its proposed roles. Although connections between burgeoning FMRP functions remain unknown, recent advances have extended understanding of its involvement in RNA, channel, and protein binding that modulate calcium signaling, activity-dependent critical period development, and the excitation-inhibition (E/I) neural circuitry balance. In this review, we contextualize 3 years of FXS model research. Future directions extrapolated from recent advances focus on discovering links between FMRP roles to determine whether FMRP has a multitude of unrelated functions or whether combinatorial mechanisms can explain its multifaceted existence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna K Davis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Kendal Broadie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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10
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Amplification of mGlu 5-Endocannabinoid Signaling Rescues Behavioral and Synaptic Deficits in a Mouse Model of Adolescent and Adult Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Imbalance. J Neurosci 2017. [PMID: 28630250 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3516-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy-dense, yet nutritionally poor food is a high-risk factor for mental health disorders. This is of particular concern during adolescence, a period often associated with increased consumption of low nutritional content food and higher prevalence of mental health disorders. Indeed, there is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms linking unhealthy diet and mental disorders. Deficiency in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is a hallmark of poor nutrition and mood disorders. Here, we developed a mouse model of n-3 PUFA deficiency lasting from adolescence into adulthood. Starting nutritional deficits in dietary n-3 PUFAs during adolescence decreased n-3 PUFAs in both medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens, increased anxiety-like behavior, and decreased cognitive function in adulthood. Importantly, we discovered that endocannabinoid/mGlu5-mediated LTD in the mPFC and accumbens was abolished in adult n-3-deficient mice. Additionally, mPFC NMDAR-dependent LTP was also lacking in the n-3-deficient group. Pharmacological enhancement of the mGlu5/eCB signaling complex, by positive allosteric modulation of mGlu5 or inhibition of endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol degradation, fully restored synaptic plasticity and normalized emotional and cognitive behaviors in malnourished adult mice. Our data support a model where nutrition is a key environmental factor influencing the working synaptic range into adulthood, long after the end of the perinatal period. These findings have important implications for the identification of nutritional risk factors for disease and design of new treatments for the behavioral deficits associated with nutritional n-3 PUFA deficiency.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In a mouse model mimicking n-3 PUFA dietary deficiency during adolescence and adulthood, we found strong increases in anxiety and anhedonia which lead to decreases in specific cognitive functions in adulthood. We found that endocannabinoid/mGlu5-mediated LTD and NMDAR-dependent LTP were lacking in adult n-3-deficient mice. Acute positive allosteric modulation of mGlu5 or inhibition of endocannabinoid degradation normalized behaviors and synaptic functions in n-3 PUFA-deficient adult mice. These findings have important implications for the identification of nutritional risk for disease and the design of new treatments for the behavioral deficits associated with nutritional n-3 PUFAs' imbalance.
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Araque A, Castillo PE, Manzoni OJ, Tonini R. Synaptic functions of endocannabinoid signaling in health and disease. Neuropharmacology 2017. [PMID: 28625718 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endocannabinoids (eCBs) are a family of lipid molecules that act as key regulators of synaptic transmission and plasticity. They are synthetized "on demand" following physiological and/or pathological stimuli. Once released from postsynaptic neurons, eCBs typically act as retrograde messengers to activate presynaptic type 1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1) and induce short- or long-term depression of neurotransmitter release. Besides this canonical mechanism of action, recent findings have revealed a number of less conventional mechanisms by which eCBs regulate neural activity and synaptic function, suggesting that eCB-mediated plasticity is mechanistically more diverse than anticipated. These mechanisms include non-retrograde signaling, signaling via astrocytes, participation in long-term potentiation, and the involvement of mitochondrial CB1. Focusing on paradigmatic brain areas, such as hippocampus, striatum, and neocortex, we review typical and novel signaling mechanisms, and discuss the functional implications in normal brain function and brain diseases. In summary, eCB signaling may lead to different forms of synaptic plasticity through activation of a plethora of mechanisms, which provide further complexity to the functional consequences of eCB signaling. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "A New Dawn in Cannabinoid Neurobiology".
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Araque
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Pablo E Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Olivier J Manzoni
- Institut National de la Santé et et de la Recherche Médicale U901 Marseille, France, Université de la Méditerranée UMR S901 Aix-Marseille Marseille, France, INMED Marseille, France.
| | - Raffaella Tonini
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
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