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Yorita K, Fujii T, Nagao T, Murakami I, Hashida Y, Higuchi T, Daibata M, Toi M, Ayada Y, Igawa T. Kimura disease forming a human polyomavirus 6–negative parotid gland nodule with prominent squamous metaplasia in a young female: A case report. Radiol Case Rep 2023; 18:1933-1938. [PMID: 36970233 PMCID: PMC10030818 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A case of an asymptomatic 19-year-old woman with Kimura disease presenting with a nodule in the right parotid gland is presented. She had a medical history of atopic dermatitis and noticed a mass on her right-side neck. Cervical lymphadenopathy was clinically diagnosed. The initial management plan was to observe the lesion, which had enlarged from 1 cm to 2 cm in diameter 6 months later. An excisional biopsy was performed, and the pathology confirmed an eosinophil-containing inflammatory parotid gland lesion with many squamous nests and cysts, mimicking a parotid gland tumor. High serum immunoglobulin E levels, peripheral blood eosinophilia, and pathological and genetic diagnoses confirmed Kimura disease. The lesion tested negative for human polyomavirus 6. No recurrence was observed 15 months after the biopsy. The prognosis of Kimura disease without human polyomavirus 6 infection may be favorable; however, further validation of this hypothesis is required as only 5 or 6 cases of Kimura disease have been evaluated for this viral infection. Proliferative squamous metaplasia occurring in parotid gland lesions of Kimura disease is rare and may complicate the diagnostic imaging and pathological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Yorita
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Kochi Hospital, 1-4-63-11, Hadaminami-machi, Kochi-shi, Kochi, 780-8562, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi University Hospital, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-shi, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Tatsuya Fujii
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, JA Kochi Hospital, 526-1, Nakano, Aza, Myouken, Nankoku-shi, Kochi, 783-8509, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nagao
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Ichiro Murakami
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi University Hospital, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-shi, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-shi, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Yumiko Hashida
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-shi, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Tomonori Higuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-shi, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Masanori Daibata
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-shi, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Makoto Toi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi University Hospital, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku-shi, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ayada
- Department of Pathology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takuro Igawa
- Department of Pathology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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2
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Lee EE, Sinkre R, Vandergriff TW, Hosler GA, Wang RC. Absence of human polyomaviruses in angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia in the United States. J Cutan Pathol 2023; 50:16-18. [PMID: 36164281 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunice E Lee
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Richa Sinkre
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Travis W Vandergriff
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Greg A Hosler
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,ProPath Dermatopathology, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Richard C Wang
- Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Harold C. Simmons Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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3
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Silling S, Kreuter A, Wieland U. [Human polyomavirus-associated skin diseases]. Hautarzt 2022; 73:426-433. [PMID: 35482045 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-022-04993-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Of the 15 currently known human polyomaviruses (HPyV), eight have been found on healthy skin. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), HPyV6, HPyV7, and to a lesser extent Saint Louis polyomavirus (STLPyV) are considered part of the human cutaneous virome. The most important cutaneous polyomavirus, MCPyV, causes the majority of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC). MCC is a rare but very aggressive malignant skin tumor that affects both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. A steady increase in incidence rates of this skin tumor has been observed in recent decades. MCC occurs primarily on sunlight-exposed skin of fair-skinned individuals. Risk factors for MCC development include immunosuppression and advanced age. In immunocompromised individuals, primary infection with trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV) can cause the very rare skin disease trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS). Keratin spines (spicules), mainly in the center of the face, clinically characterize this disease. Skin lesions associated with further HPyV have been described exclusively in immunocompromised individuals. For HPyV6 and HPyV7, cases of epithelial proliferation and pruritic dyskeratotic dermatitis have been published. HPyV9 and New Jersey polyomavirus (NJPyV-13) were each found in different skin lesions of individual patients. The role of these polyomaviruses in the development of the skin lesions is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffi Silling
- Institut für Virologie, Nationales Referenzzentrum für Papillom- und Polyomaviren, Universitätsklinikum Köln und Universität zu Köln, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Alexander Kreuter
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, HELIOS St. Elisabeth Klinik Oberhausen, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Oberhausen, Deutschland.,Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, HELIOS St. Johannes Klinik Duisburg, Duisburg, Deutschland
| | - Ulrike Wieland
- Institut für Virologie, Nationales Referenzzentrum für Papillom- und Polyomaviren, Universitätsklinikum Köln und Universität zu Köln, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Köln, Deutschland.
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4
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Esparza Lasaga L, Bemúdez Cameo R, Valero Torres A, Delso Gil E. Cervical Recurrence from an Intraparotid Kimura Disease. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2021; 20:455-458. [PMID: 34408373 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-020-01409-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Kimura disease is a rare, benign, chronic, lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology that affects the skin and lymph nodes and mostly observed in males of Asia. Case Report We report a 55-year-old man who presented neck and intraparotid lymphadenopathy. Surgical removal of the growth confirmed the histological diagnosis of Kimura disease. Discussion Kimura disease is endemic in the Far East (China and Japan) but exceptional in Europe; < 200 cases have been reported in the literature, with less than 40 involving a parotid region. The histological characteristics of Kimura disease are lymphocyte follicular hyperplasia, eosinophilic tissue infiltration, fibrocollagenous deposition and vascular proliferation. Main treatment is surgical, but recurrence is frequent. Conclusion Kimura disease is a rare condition, but should be considered in the case of cervical mass associated with hypereosinophilia and/or strongly elevated IgE levels, especially in Far Eastern patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Esparza Lasaga
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Isabel la Católica 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Calle La Luz, 50006 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - R Bemúdez Cameo
- Pathology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Isabel la Católica 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Valero Torres
- Pathology Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Isabel la Católica 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - E Delso Gil
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Isabel la Católica 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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5
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Abstract
Kimura disease (KD) is a rare inflammatory disorder which involves the head and neck. Due to its rarity and various findings, definitive diagnosis can be difficult to ascertain. Kimura disease is distinguished from other conditions, including angiolymphoid hyperplasia, by histopathological features including follicular hyperplasia, reactive germinal centers, abundant eosinophilia, eosinophilic microabscesses, preserved nodal architecture, Warthin-Finkeldy polykaryocytes, and capsular fibrosis. Herein, we describe the clinical presentation, pathology, and diagnosis of a single case of a 39-year-old treated at an academic center in Texas.
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6
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Kok KYY, Lim ECC. Kimura's disease: a rare cause of chronic neck lymphadenopathy. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab318. [PMID: 34290854 PMCID: PMC8289319 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Kimura’s disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology which typically presents with subcutaneous nodules in the head and neck region and is frequently associated with regional lymphadenopathy or salivary gland enlargement. Peripheral blood eosinophilia and elevated serum immunoglobulin E levels are constant features of the disease. We present herein a 31-year-old male patient who presented with chronic neck lymphadenopathy. Kimura’s disease was diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology, the patient initially decided not to have further intervention. He presented 6 years later with lymphadenopathy and was treated with surgery. The diagnosis of Kimura’s disease was confirmed on histopathology. This patient had the disease for 6 years and did not have the typical features of peripheral eosinophilia and raise serum IgE level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Y Y Kok
- Discipline of Medicine, Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku-Link, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Edwin C C Lim
- Department of Pathology, Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
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Thannesberger J, Rascovan N, Eisenmann A, Klymiuk I, Zittra C, Fuehrer HP, Scantlebury-Manning T, Gittens-St Hilaire M, Austin S, Landis RC, Steininger C. Viral metagenomics reveals the presence of novel Zika virus variants in Aedes mosquitoes from Barbados. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:343. [PMID: 34187544 PMCID: PMC8244189 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04840-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic of 2015/2016 spread throughout numerous countries. It emerged in mainland Latin America and spread to neighboring islands, including the Caribbean island of Barbados. Recent studies have indicated that the virus must have already been circulating in local mosquito populations in Brazil for almost 2 years before it was identified by the World Health Organization in 2015. Metagenomic detection assays have the potential to detect emerging pathogens without prior knowledge of their genomic nucleic acid sequence. Yet their applicability as vector surveillance tools has been widely limited by the complexity of DNA populations from field-collected mosquito preparations. The aim of this study was to investigate local vector biology and characterize metagenomic arbovirus diversity in Aedes mosquitoes during the ongoing 2015/2016 ZIKV epidemic. Methods We performed a short-term vector screening study on the island of Barbados during the ongoing 2015/2016 ZIKV epidemic, where we sampled local Aedes mosquitoes. We reanalyzed mosquito viral microbiome data derived from standard Illumina MiSeq sequencing to detect arbovirus sequences. Additionally, we employed deep sequencing techniques (Illumina HiSeq) and designed a novel bait capture enrichment assay to increase sequencing efficiency for arbovirus sequences from complex DNA samples. Results We found that Aedes aegypti seemed to be the most likely vector of ZIKV, although it prevailed at a low density during the observed time period. The number of detected viruses increased with sequencing depth. Arbovirus sequence enrichment of metagenomic DNA preparations allowed the detection of arbovirus sequences of two different ZIKV genotypes, including a novel one. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the S3116W mutation in the NS5 gene region of ZIKV polyprotein. Conclusions The metagenomic arbovirus detection approach presented here may serve as a useful tool for the identification of epidemic-causing arboviruses with the additional benefit of enabling the collection of phylogenetic information on the source. Apart from detecting more than 88 viruses using this approach, we also found evidence of novel ZIKV variants circulating in the local mosquito population during the observed time period. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-021-04840-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Thannesberger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - N Rascovan
- Department of Genomes & Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - A Eisenmann
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - I Klymiuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Zittra
- Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - H P Fuehrer
- Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Scantlebury-Manning
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | | | - S Austin
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Cave Hill, Barbados
| | - R C Landis
- Edmund Cohen Laboratory for Vascular Research, George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre, The University of the West Indies, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - C Steininger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Prezioso C, Van Ghelue M, Pietropaolo V, Moens U. Detection of Quebec Polyomavirus DNA in Samples from Different Patient Groups. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051082. [PMID: 34070030 PMCID: PMC8158138 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyomaviruses infect many species, including humans. So far, 15 polyomaviruses have been described in humans, but it remains to be established whether all of these are genuine human polyomaviruses. The most recent polyomavirus to be detected in a person is Quebec polyomavirus (QPyV), which was identified in a metagenomic analysis of a stool sample from an 85-year-old hospitalized man. We used PCR to investigate the presence of QPyV DNA in urine samples from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients (67 patients; 135 samples), multiple sclerosis patients (n = 35), HIV-positive patients (n = 66) and pregnant women (n = 65). Moreover, cerebrospinal fluid from patients with suspected neurological diseases (n = 63), nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients (n = 80) with respiratory symptoms and plasma samples from HIV-positive patients (n = 65) were examined. QPyV DNA was found in urine from 11 (16.4%), 10 (15.4%) and 5 (14.3%) SLE patients, pregnant women, and multiple sclerosis patients, respectively. No QPyV DNA could be detected in the other samples. Alignment with the only available QPyV sequence in the GenBank revealed amino acid substitutions in the HI-loop of capsid protein VP1 in 6/28 of the isolates. Our results show that QPyV viruria can occur, but whether it may cause clinical symptoms in the patients remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Prezioso
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Microbiology of Chronic Neuro-degenerative Pathologies, 00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Marijke Van Ghelue
- Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Valeria Pietropaolo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (U.M.)
| | - Ugo Moens
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø—The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (U.M.)
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9
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Klufah F, Mobaraki G, Liu D, Alharbi RA, Kurz AK, Speel EJM, Winnepenninckx V, Zur Hausen A. Emerging role of human polyomaviruses 6 and 7 in human cancers. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:35. [PMID: 34001216 PMCID: PMC8130262 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00374-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently 12 human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) have been identified, 6 of which have been associated with human diseases, including cancer. The discovery of the Merkel cell polyomavirus and its role in the etiopathogenesis in the majority of Merkel cell carcinomas has drawn significant attention, also to other novel HPyVs. In 2010, HPyV6 and HPyV7 were identified in healthy skin swabs. Ever since it has been speculated that they might contribute to the etiopathogenesis of skin and non-cutaneous human cancers. MAIN BODY Here we comprehensively reviewed and summarized the current evidence potentially indicating an involvement of HPyV6 and HPyV7 in the etiopathogenesis of neoplastic human diseases. The seroprevalence of both HPyV6 and 7 is high in a normal population and increases with age. In skin cancer tissues, HPyV6- DNA was far more often prevalent than HPyV7 in contrast to cancers of other anatomic sites, in which HPyV7 DNA was more frequently detected. CONCLUSION It is remarkable to find that the detection rate of HPyV6-DNA in tissues of skin malignancies is higher than HPyV7-DNA and may indicate a role of HPyV6 in the etiopathogenesis of the respected skin cancers. However, the sheer presence of viral DNA is not enough to prove a role in the etiopathogenesis of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Klufah
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalib Mobaraki
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Raed A Alharbi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anna Kordelia Kurz
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ernst Jan M Speel
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Véronique Winnepenninckx
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Axel Zur Hausen
- Department of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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10
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Prezioso C, Van Ghelue M, Moens U, Pietropaolo V. HPyV6 and HPyV7 in urine from immunocompromised patients. Virol J 2021; 18:24. [PMID: 33482864 PMCID: PMC7821732 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6) and HPyV7 are two of the novel polyomaviruses that were originally detected in non-diseased skin. Serological studies have shown that these viruses are ubiquitous in the healthy adult population with seroprevalence up to 88% for HPyV6 and 72% for HPyV7. Both viruses are associated with pruritic skin eruption in immunocompromised patients, but a role with other diseases in immunoincompetent patients or malignancies has not been established. Methods PCR was used to determine the presence of HPyV6 and HPyV7 DNA in urine samples from systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 73), multiple sclerosis (n = 50), psoriasis vulgaris (n = 15), arthritic psoriasis (n = 15) and HIV-positive patients (n = 66). In addition, urine from pregnant women (n = 47) and healthy blood donors (n = 20) was investigated. Results HPyV6 DNA was detected in 21 (28.8%) of the urine specimens from SLE patients, in 6 (9.1%) of the urine samples from the HIV-positive cohort, and in 19 (40.4%) samples from pregnant women. HPyV7 DNA was only found in 6 (8.2%) of the urine specimens from SLE patients and in 4 (8.5%) samples from pregnant women. No HPyV6 and HPyV7 viruria was detected in the urine samples from the other patients. Conclusions HPyV6, and to a lesser extend HPyV7, viruria seems to be common in SLE and HIV-positive patients, and pregnant women. Whether these viruses are of clinical relevance in these patients is not known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Prezioso
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Microbiology of Chronic Neuro-Degenerative Pathologies, IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Marijke Van Ghelue
- Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ugo Moens
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Valeria Pietropaolo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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11
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Hashida Y, Higuchi T, Nakajima S, Nakajima K, Ujihara T, Kabashima K, Sano S, Daibata M. Human Polyomavirus 6 Detected in Cases of Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis. J Infect Dis 2020; 223:1724-1732. [PMID: 32989462 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) have been associated with several cutaneous inflammatory conditions. More investigation is needed to identify further presentations of cutaneous pathology associated with HPyVs. Our aim was to investigate the possible association of skin-tropic HPyVs with folliculitis, particularly eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF). METHODS This study included 55 Japanese patients, comprising 13 patients with EPF and 42 patients with suppurative folliculitis. HPyV DNAs were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Expression of viral antigen and geographically related viral genotypes were also assessed. RESULTS Human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6) DNA was found in 9 of 13 (69%) patients with EPF, a rate significantly higher than that found in suppurative folliculitis (1/42; 2%). Of the 7 HPyV6 DNA-positive EPF specimens analyzed, 4 were positive for HPyV6 small tumor antigen. All the HPyV6 strains detected in this study were of the Asian/Japanese genotype. CONCLUSIONS The predominant detection of HPyV6 DNA and the expression of viral antigen suggest a possible association between HPyV6 infection and EPF in a subset of patients. Worldwide studies are warranted to determine whether Asian/Japanese genotype HPyV6 is associated preferentially with the incidence and pathogenesis of this eosinophil-related skin disease that has an ethnic predilection for the East Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Hashida
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tomonori Higuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Saeko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kimiko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Takako Ujihara
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.,Science Research Center, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Singapore Immunology Network and Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Shigetoshi Sano
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Masanori Daibata
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
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12
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Hashida Y, Higuchi T, Nakajima K, Ujihara T, Murakami I, Fujieda M, Sano S, Daibata M. Human Polyomavirus 6 with the Asian-Japanese Genotype in Cases of Kimura Disease and Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1650-1653.e4. [PMID: 31981580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Hashida
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tomonori Higuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Kimiko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Takako Ujihara
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan; Science Research Center, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Murakami
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Mikiya Fujieda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Sano
- Department of Dermatology Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Masanori Daibata
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.
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13
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Hashida Y, Higuchi T, Tanaka M, Shibata Y, Nakajima K, Sano S, Daibata M. Prevalence and Viral Loads of Cutaneous Human Polyomaviruses in the Skin of Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases. J Infect Dis 2020; 219:1564-1573. [PMID: 30357388 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human skin microorganisms have been associated with various skin diseases. However, most studies have focused on bacterial communities, and little is known about normally resident skin viruses such as the Polyomaviridae and their association with cutaneous disorders. METHODS We investigated the infection levels of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6), and human polyomavirus 7 (HPyV7), using triplet skin swabs collected from lesional and nonlesional skins of 86 Japanese patients with inflammatory skin diseases and mycosis fungoides, and from 149 healthy control individuals. RESULTS This age-matched case-control study provides the first analyses of the loads of polyomaviruses in association with various skin diseases. The viral loads were significantly higher for HPyV6/HPyV7 and lower for MCPyV in patients with psoriasis. The viral load variation was observed not only at lesion sites, but also at clinically unaffected skin sites in most of the patients. The viral strains tested were all of the Asian/Japanese genotype. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a covariation in the infection levels of cutaneous polyomaviruses in certain inflammatory skin conditions. Worldwide prospective longitudinal studies are warranted to understand the influence of such alterations on the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Hashida
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Tomonori Higuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Moe Tanaka
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Yuka Shibata
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Kimiko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Sano
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Masanori Daibata
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
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14
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Yu B, Xu G, Liu X, Yin W, Chen H, Sun B. Kimura's disease affecting multiple body parts in a 57-year-old female patient: a case report. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2019; 15:84. [PMID: 31892932 PMCID: PMC6937823 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-019-0400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kimura’s disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease with unknown etiology. It usually manifests as a painless soft tissue mass or subcutaneous nodule on one side of the patient’s head and/or neck and rarely affects multiple parts of the body. The disease is more common among young Asian males. Case presentation A 57-year-old Chinese woman complained of multiple masses on her body surface. Ultrasonography was used to examine the retroperitoneal, bilateral neck, bilateral supraclavicular, bilateral axillary, and bilateral inguinal superficial lymph nodes. Enlargement of multiple lymph nodes was found in all areas. Many solid nodules were also found in the right parotid gland and right posterior neck area, respectively. Numerous solid nodules were seen on the left chest wall. Laboratory tests showed that the percentage of eosinophils in the whole blood was 39.40%, total immunoglobulin E (IgE) level was > 5000 kU/L, and serum special IgE to Phadiatop (inhaled allergens) and fx5 (food allergens) were 1.01 and 1.04 kUA/L, respectively. After a complete examination, the masses located in the right neck, retroauricular and left axillary regions, and left chest wall were resected directly. Postoperative pathological findings revealed KD. Conclusions The case discussed in this study is extremely rare and did not meet the common affected areas and age characteristics of KD. This presentation can be used to improve disease awareness among physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- 1Department of Emergency, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, 26 Shengli Street, Wuhan, 430014 Hubei province China
| | - Guoxing Xu
- 2Department of Allergy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, 26 Shengli Street, Wuhan, 430010 Hubei Province China
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- 2Department of Allergy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, 26 Shengli Street, Wuhan, 430010 Hubei Province China
| | - Wen Yin
- 2Department of Allergy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, 26 Shengli Street, Wuhan, 430010 Hubei Province China
| | - Hao Chen
- 2Department of Allergy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, 26 Shengli Street, Wuhan, 430010 Hubei Province China.,Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong Province China
| | - Baoqing Sun
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120 Guangdong Province China
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15
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Ciccozzi M, Lai A, Zehender G, Borsetti A, Cella E, Ciotti M, Sagnelli E, Sagnelli C, Angeletti S. The phylogenetic approach for viral infectious disease evolution and epidemiology: An updating review. J Med Virol 2019; 91:1707-1724. [PMID: 31243773 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, the phylogenetic approach is recurrent in molecular evolutionary analysis. On 12 May, 2019, about 2 296 213 papers are found, but typing "phylogeny" or "epidemiology AND phylogeny" only 199 804 and 20 133 are retrieved, respectively. Molecular epidemiology in infectious diseases is widely used to define the source of infection as so as the ancestral relationships of individuals sampled from a population. Coalescent theory and phylogeographic analysis have had scientific application in several, recent pandemic events, and nosocomial outbreaks. Hepatitis viruses and immunodeficiency virus (human immunodeficiency virus) have been largely studied. Phylogenetic analysis has been recently applied on Polyomaviruses so as in the more recent outbreaks due to different arboviruses type as Zika and chikungunya viruses discovering the source of infection and the geographic spread. Data on sequences isolated by the microorganism are essential to apply the phylogenetic tools and research in the field of infectious disease phylodinamics is growing up. There is the need to apply molecular phylogenetic and evolutionary methods in areas out of infectious diseases, as translational genomics and personalized medicine. Lastly, the application of these tools in vaccine strategy so as in antibiotic and antiviral researchers are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Ciccozzi
- Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Lai
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'L. Sacco', University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianguglielmo Zehender
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'L. Sacco', University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Borsetti
- National HIV/AIDS Research Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cella
- Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Ciotti
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Polyclinic Tor Vergata Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Evangelista Sagnelli
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Sagnelli
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Angeletti
- Unit of Clinical Laboratory Science, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
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16
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Zhou L, Zhang R. Misdiagnosis of uncommon presentation of Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with Eosinophilia. Clin Case Rep 2019; 7:1273-1275. [PMID: 31360465 PMCID: PMC6637347 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In 50-year-old female patients, the purple-red papules in the right upper arm were misdiagnosed as molluscum contagiosum or scars. The diagnosis of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia was determined on the basis of the clinicopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai‐lai Zhou
- Department of DermatologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou UniversityChangzhouChina
| | - Ru‐zhi Zhang
- Department of DermatologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou UniversityChangzhouChina
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17
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Hashida Y, Higuchi T, Matsuzaki S, Nakajima K, Sano S, Daibata M. Prevalence and Genetic Variability of Human Polyomaviruses 6 and 7 in Healthy Skin Among Asymptomatic Individuals. J Infect Dis 2019; 217:483-493. [PMID: 29161422 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the pathogenetic potential of human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6) and human polyomavirus 7 (HPyV7), they have been found in the normal skin of healthy individuals. However, little is known about the prevalence, infection levels, and geographical variations of these polyomaviruses in the skin. Methods Using skin swabs from 470 participants aged 2-98 years, we estimated the prevalence of copy numbers of HPyV6 and HPyV7 with respect to age and ethnicity. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted based on viral sequences obtained from Asian and white populations. Results This study provides the first analyses of the age-specific prevalence and levels of HPyV6 and HPyV7 infections in normal skin. Comparisons of age groups revealed that the prevalence and viral loads were significantly higher in elderly persons. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated the existence of Asian/Japanese-specific strains genetically distinct from strains prevalent in the skin of the white population studied. Conclusions This large study suggests that HPyV6 and HPyV7 infections in the skin are highly prevalent in elderly adults. Further research is warranted to understand whether persistent infection with high viral loads in the skin could be a risk factor for the development of HPyV6- and HPyV7-associated skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Hashida
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Tomonori Higuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Matsuzaki
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Kimiko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Sano
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
| | - Masanori Daibata
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan
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18
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Oka N, Nishimura S, Tanaka H, Hashimoto K, Kakinoki R, Akagi M. Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia in a hand treated with a reverse digital island flap and artificial skin: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2019; 13:87. [PMID: 30914066 PMCID: PMC6436222 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-019-2021-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is a rare nodular skin tumor characterized by eosinophilic invasion and vascular proliferation. Previous reports suggested that irritation and inflammation are the causative factors of this disease. Most cases of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia occur around the auricle, forehead, and scalp; the hand is rarely affected. Moreover, the tumor seldom presents as multiple nodules. CASE PRESENTATION A 67-year-old Japanese woman presented with a complaint of skin masses on her left thumb and index finger, which had gradually grown in size over the past few months. A biopsy was performed confirming a diagnosis of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia. The aponeurosis on her index finger was resected and tissue was reconstructed using a reverse palmar digital island flap harvested from the base of her index finger. The thumb lesion was also resected and covered with collagen-based artificial skin. Gradual progression of skin epithelialization followed by healing was noted 2 months after the surgery. CONCLUSION Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia is a rare tumor; it is seldom seen in the hands. It is generally treated by surgical resection. It is important to resect a sufficiently large area of the tissue due to the possibility of relapse in some cases. Furthermore, appropriate reconstruction is mandatory after wide margin tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Oka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
| | - Shunji Nishimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kakinoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Masao Akagi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
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19
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Nguyen KD, Chamseddin BH, Cockerell CJ, Wang RC. The Biology and Clinical Features of Cutaneous Polyomaviruses. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 139:285-292. [PMID: 30470393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human polyomaviruses are double-stand DNA viruses with a conserved genomic structure, yet they present with diverse tissue tropisms and disease presentations. Merkel cell polyomavirus, trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus, human polyomavirus 6 and 7, and Malawi polyomavirus are shed from the skin, and Merkel cell polyomavirus, trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus, human polyomavirus 6 and 7 have been linked to specific skin diseases. We present an update on the genomic and clinical features of these cutaneous polyomaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khang D Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Bahir H Chamseddin
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Clay J Cockerell
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Richard C Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Dallas, Texas, USA.
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20
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Canavan TN, Baddley JW, Pavlidakey P, Tallaj JA, Elewski BE. Human polyomavirus-7-associated eruption successfully treated with acitretin. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:1278-1284. [PMID: 29275541 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Advances in molecular technologies have led to the discovery of several novel human polyomaviruses (HPyVs), including human polyomavirus-7 (HPyV-7). Although low levels of HPyV-7 are shed from apparently normal skin, recent reports have described clinically significant cutaneous infection in immunocompromised patients that manifests as generalized pruritic plaques. The pruritus can be severe, and treatment options have not been described. Herein we report HPyV-7 cutaneous infection in a heart transplant patient who experienced temporary improvement with intravenous cidofovir, and complete remission with acitretin. We report a case of HPyV-7 cutaneous infection demonstrating a good response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Canavan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - J W Baddley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - P Pavlidakey
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - J A Tallaj
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - B E Elewski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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21
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McNees AL, Harrigal LJ, Kelly A, Minard CG, Wong C, Butel JS. Viral microRNA effects on persistent infection of human lymphoid cells by polyomavirus SV40. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192799. [PMID: 29432481 PMCID: PMC5809058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyomaviruses, including simian virus 40 (SV40), display evidence of lymphotropic properties. This study analyzed the nature of SV40-human lymphocyte interactions in established cell lines and in primary lymphocytes. The effects of viral microRNA and the structure of the viral regulatory region on SV40 persistence were examined. RESULTS SV40 DNA was maintained in infected B cell and myeloid cell lines during cell growth for at least 28 days. Limiting dilution analysis showed that low amounts of SV40 DNA (~2 copies per cell) were retained over time. Infected B cells remained viable and able to proliferate. Genome copies of the SV40 microRNA-null mutant persisted at higher levels than the DNA of wild-type viruses. Complex viral regulatory regions produced modestly higher DNA levels than simple regulatory regions. Viral large T-antigen protein was detected at low frequency and at low levels in infected B cells. Following infection of primary lymphocytes, SV40 DNA was detected in CD19+ B cells and CD14+ monocytes, but not in CD3+ T cells. Rescue attempts using either lysates of SV40-infected B lymphocytes, coculture of live cells, or infectious center assays all showed that replication-competent SV40 could be recovered on rare occasions. SV40 infections altered the expression of several B cell surface markers, with more pronounced changes following infections with the microRNA-null mutant. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that SV40 can establish persistent infections in human B lymphocytes. The cells retain low copy numbers of viral DNA; the infections are nonproductive and noncytolytic but can occasionally produce infectious virus. SV40 microRNA negatively regulates the degree of viral effects on B cells. SIGNIFICANCE Lymphocytes may serve as viral reservoirs and may function to disseminate polyomaviruses to different tissues in a host. To our knowledge, this report is the first extensive analysis of viral microRNA effects on SV40 infection of human lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne L. McNees
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lindsay J. Harrigal
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Aoife Kelly
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Charles G. Minard
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Connie Wong
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Janet S. Butel
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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22
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Biology, evolution, and medical importance of polyomaviruses: An update. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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23
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Rascovan N, Duraisamy R, Desnues C. Metagenomics and the Human Virome in Asymptomatic Individuals. Annu Rev Microbiol 2017; 70:125-41. [PMID: 27607550 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-102215-095431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing technologies have revolutionized how we think about viruses. Investigators can now go beyond pathogenic viruses and have access to the thousands of viruses that inhabit our bodies without causing clinical symptoms. By studying their interactions with each other, with other microbes, and with host genetics and immune systems, we can learn how they affect health and disease. This article reviews current knowledge of the composition and diversity of the human virome in physiologically healthy individuals. It focuses on recent results from metagenomics studies and discusses the contribution of bacteriophages and eukaryotic viruses to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Rascovan
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France.,URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, 13385 Marseille, France;
| | - Raja Duraisamy
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France.,URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, 13385 Marseille, France;
| | - Christelle Desnues
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, France.,URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, 13385 Marseille, France;
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24
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Fite-Trepat L, Martos-Fernandez M, Alberola-Ferranti M, Pablo-Garcia-Cuenca AD, Bescosatin C. Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia Involving the Occipital Artery: Case Report and Review of Literature. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZD21-ZD23. [PMID: 28511526 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/23323.9569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia (ALHE) is an atypical vascular tumour occurring primarily in the head and neck area, which must be distinguished from Kimura's disease. The lesions can appear as single or multiple grouped intradermal papules or subcutaneous nodules. We report a rare case of ALHE in a 57-year-old female with a large lesion of three nodules involving the right occipital artery which had a long term evolution and we treated it by surgical excision. The definitive histopathological diagnosis was ALHE. Our case report is accompanied by a discussion of clinical, radiological and histological features. Surgical excision with free margins is the treatment of choice but, even though ALHE is considered a benign condition, recurrence is common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Fite-Trepat
- Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vall Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Martos-Fernandez
- Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Vall Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Coro Bescosatin
- Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vall d'Hebrón Hospital. Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Fernandez-Flores A, Cassarino DS. Three unusual histopathological presentations of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia. J Cutan Pathol 2017; 44:300-306. [DOI: 10.1111/cup.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angel Fernandez-Flores
- Cellular Pathology; Hospital El Bierzo; Ponferrada Spain
- CellCOM-ST Group; Biomedical Investigation Institute of A Coruña; A Coruña Spain
- Cellular Pathology; Hospital de la Reina; Ponferrada Spain
| | - David S. Cassarino
- Department of Pathology; Southern California Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles Medical Center (LAMC), Kaiser Permanente; Los Angeles California
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26
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First detection and complete genome sequence of a phylogenetically distinct human polyomavirus 6 highly prevalent in human bile samples. J Infect 2016; 74:50-59. [PMID: 27840269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oncovirus-associated malignancies are potentially preventable diseases with major public health significance. Human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) may be associated with oncogenesis or symptomatic illnesses in immunocompromised patients, but the site of viral shedding of most recently discovered HPyVs remains obscure. Using real-time PCR assay using specific primers targeting the HPyV6 large tumor antigen gene, we detected a phylogenetically distinct HPyV6 which was highly prevalent in the bile samples of patients with malignant biliary obstruction (18.8%) and acute gallstone cholangitis (5.5%). The prevalence rate and mean viral load of this HPyV6 were highest in the cholangiocarcinoma subgroup (27.6% and 2.41 × 104copies/ml). These findings were confirmed with another real-time PCR assay using specific primers targeting the HPyV6 viral capsid protein 2 gene. These bile HPyV6 strains may represent a novel clade of HPyV6 as they formed a distinct cluster from the other HPyV6s and exhibited >2% differences in amino acid sequences in their major proteins. While HPyV6 was unlikely the cause of the patients' acute symptoms and liver dysfunction, the virus may be related to immunosuppression in patients with malignancy and/or important in the oncogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma in patients without coinfection with other oncogenic microbes. Further studies to ascertain a causative role of HPyV6 in cholangiocarcinoma should be conducted.
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