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Wang LM, Zhang WL, Lyu N, Suo YR, Yang L, Yu B, Jiang XJ. Research Advance of Chinese Medicine in Treating Atherosclerosis: Focus on Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:277-288. [PMID: 38057549 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
As a serious cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis (AS) causes chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the body and poses a threat to human health. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a member of the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) family, and its elevated levels have been shown to contribute to AS. Lp-PLA2 is closely related to a variety of lipoproteins, and its role in promoting inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in AS is mainly achieved by hydrolyzing oxidized phosphatidylcholine (oxPC) to produce lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC). Moreover, macrophage apoptosis within plaque is promoted by localized Lp-PLA2 which also promotes plaque instability. This paper reviews those researches of Chinese medicine in treating AS via reducing Lp-PLA2 levels to guide future experimental studies and clinical applications related to AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ming Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wen-Lan Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Nuan Lyu
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yan-Rong Suo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Xi-Juan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
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Yuce K, Ozkan AI. The kruppel-like factor (KLF) family, diseases, and physiological events. Gene 2024; 895:148027. [PMID: 38000704 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The Kruppel-Like Factor family of regulatory proteins, which has 18 members, is transcription factors. This family contains zinc finger proteins, regulates the activation and suppression of transcription, and binds to DNA, RNA, and proteins. Klfs related to the immune system are Klf1, Klf2, Klf3, Klf4, Klf6, and Klf14. Klfs related to adipose tissue development and/or glucose metabolism are Klf3, Klf7, Klf9, Klf10, Klf11, Klf14, Klf15, and Klf16. Klfs related to cancer are Klf3, Klf4, Klf5, Klf6, Klf7, Klf8, Klf9, Klf10, Klf11, Klf12, Klf13, Klf14, Klf16, and Klf17. Klfs related to the cardiovascular system are Klf4, Klf5, Klf10, Klf13, Klf14, and Klf15. Klfs related to the nervous system are Klf4, Klf7, Klf8, and Klf9. Klfs are associated with diseases such as carcinogenesis, oxidative stress, diabetes, liver fibrosis, thalassemia, and the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this review is to provide information about the relationship of Klfs with some diseases and physiological events and to guide future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Yuce
- Selcuk University, Medicine Faculty, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Physiology, Konya, Turkiye.
| | - Ahmet Ismail Ozkan
- Artvin Coruh University, Medicinal-Aromatic Plants Application and Research Center, Artvin, Turkiye.
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Gao J, Liu L, Wu Z, Gan H. Zic family member 3 attenuates oxidative stress-induced vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis in patients with chronic kidney disease. Tissue Cell 2024; 86:102286. [PMID: 38091851 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Neointimal hyperplasia is reportedly essential for arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Oxidative stress is vital in the progression of uremic venous intimal hyperplasia. Studies have suggested that zinc ions obstruct vascular calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent studies have shown that the zinc finger protein, Zic family member 3 (ZIC3), is crucial for the earliest cardiovascular progenitors. ZIC3 mutations are associated with congenital heart disease. However, the mechanism of action of ZIC3 in vascular intimal hyperplasia in CKD remains unelucidated. Venous specimens were collected during primary AVF surgery and traumatic amputation, and serum samples were collected from patients with CKD and healthy controls. Mouse vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to clarify the role of ZIC3 in CKD. ZIC3 expression was reduced in the veins of patients with uremia and the serum of those with CKD. Zic3 and Bcl2 levels were significantly decreased in mouse VSMCs treated with H2O2·H2O2 inhibited mouse VSMC activity, upregulated Bax, and cleaved caspase 3 expression. Following Zic3 overexpression, Bcl2 expression level and cell viability were elevated, whereas Bax and cleaved caspase 3 expression levels were downregulated. In contrast, Zic3 knockdown yielded the opposite results. Therefore, ZIC3 could be a new therapeutic target in venous neointimal hyperplasia of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianya Gao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Nephrology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Nephrology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Zecheng Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Hua Gan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Tang X, Huang Z, Wang F, Chen J, Qin D, Peng D, Yu B. Macrophage-specific deletion of MIC26 (APOO) mitigates advanced atherosclerosis by increasing efferocytosis. Atherosclerosis 2023; 386:117374. [PMID: 37995600 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recent studies have suggested that MIC26 (apolipoprotein O, APOO), a novel mitochondrial inner membrane protein, is involved in inflammation. Thus, the role of macrophage MIC26 in acute inflammation and chronic inflammatory disease atherosclerosis was investigated. METHODS Macrophage-specific MIC26 knockout mice (MIC26LysM) were generated by crossing Apooflox/flox and LysMcre+/- mice. An endotoxemia mouse model was generated to explore the effects of macrophage MIC26 deficiency on acute inflammation, while an atherosclerosis mouse model was constructed by crossing MIC26LysM mice with Apoe-/- mice and challenged with a Western diet. Atherosclerotic plaques, primary macrophage function, and mitochondrial structure and function were analyzed. RESULTS MIC26 knockout did not affect the median survival time and post-injection serum interleukin 1β concentrations in mice with endotoxemia. Mice with MIC26 deficiency in an Apoe-/- background had smaller atherosclerotic lesions and necrotic core than the control group. In vitro studies found that the loss of MIC26 did not affect macrophage polarization, apoptosis, or lipid handling capacity, but increased efferocytosis (the ability to clear apoptotic cells). An in situ efferocytosis assay of plaques also showed that the ratio of macrophage-associated apoptotic cells to free apoptotic cells was higher in the MIC26-deficient group than in the control group, indicating increased efferocytosis. In addition, an in vivo thymus efferocytosis assay indicated that MIC26 deletion promoted efferocytosis. Mechanistically, the loss of MIC26 resulted in an abnormal mitochondrial inner membrane structure, increased mitochondrial fission, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Loss of MIC26 reduced mitochondria optic atrophy type 1 (OPA1) protein, and OPA1 silencing in macrophages promoted efferocytosis. Overexpression of OPA1 abolished the increase in efferocytosis produced by MIC26 deficiency. CONCLUSIONS Macrophage MIC26 deletion alleviated advanced atherosclerosis and necrotic core expansion by promoting efferocytosis. This mechanism may be related to the increased mitochondrial fission caused by reduced mitochondrial OPA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Clinical Medical Research Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases in Hunan Province, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Fengjiao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Donglu Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Bilian Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Medicine, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China; FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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Chen X, Shi W, Xie Y, Wang Y, Yao Q, Ke H, Xu X, Liu H, Liu P, Zhou X. Hepatic Krüppel-like factor 14 regulates lipid metabolism in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis mice. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23070. [PMID: 37389939 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300448r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Excessive lipid accumulation is a critical characteristic in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The underlying molecular mechanism, however, is unclear. In this study, we explored whether and how Krüppel-like factor 14 (KLF14) affects hepatic lipid metabolism in NASH. KLF14 expression was detected in NASH patients and mice fed a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD). Adeno-associated viruses and adenoviruses were used to alter hepatic KLF14 expression in vivo or in vitro to investigate how KLF14 functions in lipid regulation. The molecular mechanisms were explored using RNA-seq, luciferase reporter, and ChIP assays. The fatty liver phenotype was analyzed histopathologically, and serum and hepatocyte biochemical parameters were measured. The NASH mouse model developed quickly in C57BL/6J mice fed a CDAHFD for 8 weeks. We found that KLF14 expression was decreased in NASH patients and CDAHFD mice. Oleic acid and palmitic acid treatment also reduced KLF14 levels in hepatocytes. KLF14 knockdown downregulated the genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, promoting the progression of hepatic steatosis. In contrast, hepatic KLF14 overexpression alleviated lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in CDAHFD mice. These effects resulted from direct activation of the PPARα signaling pathway. PPARα inhibition diminished the KLF14 overexpression-reduced protective effects against steatosis in OA&PA-treated MPHs and AAV-KLF14-infected CDAHFD mice. These data reveal that hepatic KLF14 regulates lipid accumulation and oxidative stress through the KLF14-PPARα pathway as NASH progresses. KLF14 may be a novel therapeutic target for hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenjie Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Yunwu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Huajing Ke
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Gastroenterology Institute of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
| | - Pi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Dhakal B, Tomita Y, Drew P, Price T, Maddern G, Smith E, Fenix K. Perhexiline: Old Drug, New Tricks? A Summary of Its Anti-Cancer Effects. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083624. [PMID: 37110858 PMCID: PMC10145508 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metabolic plasticity, including changes in fatty acid metabolism utilisation, is now widely appreciated as a key driver for cancer cell growth, survival and malignancy. Hence, cancer metabolic pathways have been the focus of much recent drug development. Perhexiline is a prophylactic antianginal drug known to act by inhibiting carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) and 2 (CPT2), mitochondrial enzymes critical for fatty acid metabolism. In this review, we discuss the growing evidence that perhexiline has potent anti-cancer properties when tested as a monotherapy or in combination with traditional chemotherapeutics. We review the CPT1/2 dependent and independent mechanisms of its anti-cancer activities. Finally, we speculate on the clinical feasibility and utility of repurposing perhexiline as an anti-cancer agent, its limitations including known side effects and its potential added benefit of limiting cardiotoxicity induced by other chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimala Dhakal
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Yoko Tomita
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Paul Drew
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Timothy Price
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Guy Maddern
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Eric Smith
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Kevin Fenix
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5011, Australia
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Dhakal B, Li CMY, Ramezanpour M, Houtak G, Li R, Bouras G, Collela A, Chegeni N, Chataway TK, Drew P, Sallustio BC, Vreugde S, Smith E, Maddern G, Licari G, Fenix K. Proteomic characterisation of perhexiline treatment on THP-1 M1 macrophage differentiation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1054588. [PMID: 36993962 PMCID: PMC10040681 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1054588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDysregulated inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer, allergy, and autoimmunity. Macrophage activation and polarisation are commonly involved in the initiation, maintenance and resolution of inflammation. Perhexiline (PHX), an antianginal drug, has been suggested to modulate macrophage function, but the molecular effects of PHX on macrophages are unknown. In this study we investigated the effect of PHX treatment on macrophage activation and polarization and reveal the underlying proteomic changes induced.MethodsWe used an established protocol to differentiate human THP-1 monocytes into M1 or M2 macrophages involving three distinct, sequential stages (priming, rest, and differentiation). We examined the effect of PHX treatment at each stage on the polarization into either M1 or M2 macrophages using flow cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative changes in the proteome were investigated using data independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA MS).ResultsPHX treatment promoted M1 macrophage polarization, including increased STAT1 and CCL2 expression and IL-1β secretion. This effect occurred when PHX was added at the differentiation stage of the M1 cultures. Proteomic profiling of PHX treated M1 cultures identified changes in metabolic (fatty acid metabolism, cholesterol homeostasis and oxidative phosphorylation) and immune signalling (Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, Rho GTPase and interferon) pathways.ConclusionThis is the first study to report on the action of PHX on THP-1 macrophage polarization and the associated changes in the proteome of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimala Dhakal
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Celine Man Ying Li
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mahnaz Ramezanpour
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ghais Houtak
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Runhao Li
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - George Bouras
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alex Collela
- Flinders Omics Facility, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nusha Chegeni
- Flinders Omics Facility, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tim Kennion Chataway
- Flinders Omics Facility, Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Paul Drew
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Benedetta C. Sallustio
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah Vreugde
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Eric Smith
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Guy Maddern
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Giovanni Licari
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kevin Fenix
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Surgery-Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Kevin Fenix,
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8
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Zhu W, Liang W, Lu H, Chang L, Zhang J, Chen YE, Guo Y. Myeloid TM6SF2 Deficiency Inhibits Atherosclerosis. Cells 2022; 11:2877. [PMID: 36139452 PMCID: PMC9497156 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants in transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2), such as E167K, are associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Chronic inflammation and lipid-laden macrophage foam cell formation are the central pathogeneses in the development of atherosclerosis. This study was undertaken to illustrate the biological function of TM6SF2 in macrophages and its role during atherosclerosis development. We generated myeloid cell-specific Tm6sf2 knockout mice on ApoE-deficient background (LysM Cre+/Tm6sf2fl/fl/ApoE-/-, TM6 mKO) with littermate LysM Cre-/Tm6sf2fl/fl/ApoE-/- (Control) mice as controls. Mice were fed a Western diet for 12 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. Myeloid Tm6sf2 deficiency inhibited atherosclerosis and decreased foam cells in the plaques without changing the plasma lipid profile. RNA sequencing of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from TM6 mKO mice demonstrated the downregulation of genes associated with inflammation, cholesterol uptake, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. TM6SF2 was upregulated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in macrophages. Silencing TM6SF2 in THP-1-derived macrophages and Tm6sf2 deficiency in BMDMs reduced inflammatory responses and ER stress and attenuated cholesterol uptake and foam cell formation, while the overexpression of TM6SF2 showed opposite effects. In conclusion, myeloid TM6SF2 deficiency inhibits atherosclerosis development and is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wenying Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Haocheng Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Y. Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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9
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Li Y, Zhao X, Xu M, Chen M. Krüppel-like factors in glycolipid metabolic diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8145-8152. [PMID: 35585376 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07565-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of transcription factors characterised by zinc-finger structures at the C-terminal. They play the key roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, as well as in embryonic development. They have been widely expressed in multiple systems in vivo, and their dysregulation is closely associated with a variety of human diseases. Glycolipid metabolism is a complex physiological process which can be regulated at the transcriptional level. Glycolipid metabolic diseases, such as obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, and their complications, are a serious threat to human health. Recently, increasing studies have shown that KLFs are closely related to glycolipid metabolism and energy balance of the liver, adipose tissue, heart, skeletal muscle, lung, pancreas, and nervous system. In this review, we focused on the correlation between the subtypes of the KLF family and glycolipid metabolic diseases to describe new directions and trends in endocrine and glycolipid metabolic disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, 230032, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, 230032, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Murong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, 230032, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, 230032, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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10
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Lyu X, Ding X, Ye H, Guo R, Wu M, Cao L. KLF14 targets ITGB1 to inhibit the progression of cervical cancer via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:30. [PMID: 35570248 PMCID: PMC9108130 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to determine whether Krüppel-like factor 14 (KLF14) inhibits the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells through integrin β1 (ITGB1). Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the expression of KLF14. The effect of KLF14 on the proliferation of cervical cancer cells was verified by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, colony formation assays and in vivo experiments. The effect of KLF14 on cervical cancer cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The targeting relationship between KLF14 and ITGB1 was evaluated by Western blotting and a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, Flow cytometry was performed to verify the relationship between KLF14 and ITGB1 on the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Additionally, Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between KLF14 and ITGB1 on the expression of downstream related molecules. As a result, the expression of KLF14 in cervical cancer tissues was lower than that in paracancerous tissues. KLF14 inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Mechanistically, ITGB1 expression was significantly downregulated in KLF14-overexpressing cervical cancer cells. At the same time, we found that the effects of KLF14 and ITGB1 on apoptosis of cervical cancer cells could be mutually affected. KLF14 directly targeted ITGB1 to regulate its downstream PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. In summary, KLF14 inhibits the progression of cervical cancer by targeting ITGB1 via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Lyu
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Xuchao Ding
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Hui Ye
- Oncology Department, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Rong Guo
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Minhang Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Lili Cao
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014 China
- Oncology Department, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014 China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Jinan, 250014 China
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11
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Yuan Y, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu L, Zhang T, Liu P, Tu Q, Zhang X, Luo S, Yao L, Chen F, Li J. The transcription factor KLF14 regulates macrophage glycolysis and immune function by inhibiting HK2 in sepsis. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:504-515. [PMID: 34983946 PMCID: PMC8976055 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00806-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a heterogeneous syndrome induced by a dysregulated host response to infection. Glycolysis plays a role in maintaining the immune function of macrophages, which is crucial for severely septic patients. However, how the pathways that link glycolysis and macrophages are regulated is still largely unknown. Here, we provide evidence to support the function of KLF14, a novel Krüppel-like transcription factor, in the regulation of glycolysis and the immune function of macrophages during sepsis. KLF14 deletion led to significantly increased mortality in lethal models of murine endotoxemia and sepsis. Mechanistically, KLF14 decreased glycolysis and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines by macrophages by inhibiting the transcription of HK2. In addition, we confirmed that the expression of KLF14 was upregulated in septic patients. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of KLF14 conferred protection against sepsis in mice. These findings uncover a key role of KLF14 in modulating the inflammatory signaling pathway and shed light on the development of KLF14-targeted therapeutics for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Guangjian Fan
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qing Tu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shiyuan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Liangfang Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Jingbao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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12
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Chu J, Hu XC, Li CC, Li TY, Fan HW, Jiang GQ. KLF14 alleviated breast cancer invasion and M2 macrophages polarization through modulating SOCS3/RhoA/Rock/STAT3 signaling. Cell Signal 2022; 92:110242. [PMID: 34998931 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the functions and underlying network of KLF14 in breast cancer invasion and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). METHODS The expressions of gene or protein were assessed by qRT-PCR and western blot assays, respectively. Cell proliferation and invasion were investigated by colony formation, CCK-8 and transwell assays, respectively. Macrophage M2 polarization was identified by flow cytometry assay. The methylation level was tested by methylation Specific PCR (MSP). The molecular relationship between KLF14 and SOCS3 was validated by dual luciferase and ChIP assays. In vivo model was established to confirm effect of KLF14 on tumor growth and metastasis. RESULTS KLF14 was downregulated in breast cancer, and its level was modified by CpG-mediated methylation. Overexpression of KLF14 significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, KLF14-overexpressing breast cancer cells notably reduced M2 macrophages polarization and it related promoting factor of tumor microenvironment (EGF, TGFβ, MMP9 and VEGF). Mechanistically, KLF14 could positively activate SOCS3 transcription, then blocking the activation of RhoA/Rock/STAT3 signaling. Further rescue experiments identified that either SOCS3 silencing and activation of RhoA/Rock/STAT3 signaling dramatically restrained the regulatory roles of KLF14 overexpression in breast cancer invasion and M2 macrophages polarization. CONCLUSION Collectively, KLF14 suppressed breast cancer cell invasion and M2 macrophage polarization through modulating SOCS3/RhoA/Rock/STAT3 signaling, and these findings would provide a new potential target against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Chi Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chang-Chun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tang-Ya Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui-Wen Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guo-Qin Jiang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu Province, China.
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13
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Luo Y, Guo Y, Wang H, Yu M, Hong K, Li D, Li R, Wen B, Hu D, Chang L, Zhang J, Yang B, Sun D, Schwendeman AS, Eugene Chen Y. Phospholipid nanoparticles: Therapeutic potentials against atherosclerosis via reducing cholesterol crystals and inhibiting inflammation. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103725. [PMID: 34879325 PMCID: PMC8654800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Cholesterol crystals (CCs) induce inflammation in atherosclerosis and are associated with unstable plaques and poor prognosis, but no drug can remove CCs in the clinic currently. Methods We generated a phospholipid-based and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-like nanoparticle, miNano, and determined CC-dissolving capacity, cholesterol efflux property, and anti-inflammation effects of miNano in vitro. Both normal C57BL/6J and Apoe-deficient mice were used to explore the accumulation of miNano in atherosclerotic plaques. The efficacy and safety of miNano administration to treat atherosclerosis were evaluated in the Ldlr-deficient atherosclerosis model. The CC-dissolving capacity of miNano was also detected using human atherosclerotic plaques ex vivo. Findings We found that miNano bound to and dissolved CCs efficiently in vitro, and miNano accumulated in atherosclerotic plaques, co-localized with CCs and macrophages in vivo. Administration of miNano inhibited atherosclerosis and improved plaque stability by reducing CCs and macrophages in Ldlr-deficient mice with favorable safety profiles. In macrophages, miNano prevented foam cell formation by enhancing cholesterol efflux and suppressed inflammatory responses via inhibiting TLR4-NF-κB pathway. Finally, in an ex vivo experiment, miNano effectively dissolved CCs in human aortic atherosclerotic plaques. Interpretation Together, our work finds that phospholipid-based and HDL-like nanoparticle, miNano, has the potential to treat atherosclerosis by targeting CCs and stabilizing plaques. Funding This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health HL134569, HL109916, HL136231, and HL137214 to Y.E.C, HL138139 to J.Z., R21NS111191 to A.S., by the American Heart Association 15SDG24470155, Grant Awards (U068144 from Bio-interfaces and G024404 from M-BRISC) at the University of Michigan to Y.G., by the American Heart Association 19PRE34400017 and Rackham Helen Wu award to M.Y., NIH T32 GM07767 to K. H., Barbour Fellowship to D.L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Huilun Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Minzhi Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kristen Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ruiting Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bo Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Die Hu
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anna S Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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