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Li S, Yang M, Zhao R, Peng L, Liu W, Jiang X, He Y, Dai E, Zhang L, Yang Y, Shi Y, Zhao P, Yang Z, Zhu X. Defective EMC1 drives abnormal retinal angiogenesis via Wnt/β-catenin signaling and may be associated with the pathogenesis of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2572-2585. [PMID: 37554197 PMCID: PMC10404869 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein complex (EMC) is required for the co-translational insertion of newly synthesized multi-transmembrane proteins. Compromised EMC function in different cell types has been implicated in multiple diseases. Using inducible genetic mouse models, we revealed defects in retinal vascularization upon endothelial cell (EC) specific deletion of Emc1, the largest subunit of EMC. Loss of Emc1 in ECs led to reduced vascular progression and vascular density, diminished tip cell sprouts, and vascular leakage. We then performed an unbiased transcriptomic analysis on human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs) and revealed a pivotal role of EMC1 in the β-catenin signaling pathway. Further in-vitro and in-vivo experiments proved that loss of EMC1 led to compromised β-catenin signaling activity through reduced expression of Wnt receptor FZD4, which could be restored by lithium chloride (LiCl) treatment. Driven by these findings, we screened genomic DNA samples from familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) patients and identified one heterozygous variant in EMC1 that co-segregated with FEVR phenotype in the family. In-vitro expression experiments revealed that this variant allele failed to facilitate the expression of FZD4 on the plasma membrane and activate the β-catenin signaling pathway, which might be a main cause of FEVR. In conclusion, our findings reveal that variants in EMC1 gene cause compromised β-catenin signaling activity, which may be associated with the pathogenesis of FEVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujin Li
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Mu Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Rulian Zhao
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Li Peng
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yunqi He
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Erkuan Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yeming Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yi Shi
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Peiquan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- The Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China
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Favre J, Roy C, Guihot AL, Drouin A, Laprise M, Gillis MA, Robson SC, Thorin E, Sévigny J, Henrion D, Kauffenstein G. NTPDase1/CD39 Ectonucleotidase Is Necessary for Normal Arterial Diameter Adaptation to Flow. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15038. [PMID: 37894719 PMCID: PMC10606763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
NTPDase1/CD39, the major vascular ectonucleotidase, exerts thrombo-immunoregulatory function by controlling endothelial P2 receptor activation. Despite the well-described release of ATP from endothelial cells, few data are available regarding the potential role of CD39 as a regulator of arterial diameter. We thus investigated the contribution of CD39 in short-term diameter adaptation and long-term arterial remodeling in response to flow using Entpd1-/- male mice. Compared to wild-type littermates, endothelial-dependent relaxation was modified in Entpd1-/- mice. Specifically, the vasorelaxation in response to ATP was potentiated in both conductance (aorta) and small resistance (mesenteric and coronary) arteries. By contrast, the relaxing responses to acetylcholine were supra-normalized in thoracic aortas while decreased in resistance arteries from Entpd1-/- mice. Acute flow-mediated dilation, measured via pressure myography, was dramatically diminished and outward remodeling induced by in vivo chronic increased shear stress was altered in the mesenteric resistance arteries isolated from Entpd1-/- mice compared to wild-types. Finally, changes in vascular reactivity in Entpd1-/- mice were also evidenced by a decrease in the coronary output measured in isolated perfused hearts compared to the wild-type mice. Our results highlight a key regulatory role for purinergic signaling and CD39 in endothelium-dependent short- and long-term arterial diameter adaptation to increased flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Favre
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Charlotte Roy
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Anne-Laure Guihot
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Annick Drouin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Manon Laprise
- Animal Physiology Service, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada;
| | - Marc-Antoine Gillis
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Simon C. Robson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Eric Thorin
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et D’immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Daniel Henrion
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
| | - Gilles Kauffenstein
- MITOVASC Institute, CARFI Facility, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, 49045 Angers, France; (J.F.); (D.H.)
- INSERM UMR 1260—Regenerative Nanomedicine, CRBS, Strasbourg University, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Wang Y, Anesi J, Maier MC, Myers MA, Oqueli E, Sobey CG, Drummond GR, Denton KM. Sympathetic Nervous System and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13132. [PMID: 37685939 PMCID: PMC10487841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is characterized by the narrowing of the arterial lumen due to subendothelial lipid accumulation, with hypercholesterolemia being a major risk factor. Despite the recent advances in effective lipid-lowering therapies, atherosclerosis remains the leading cause of mortality globally, highlighting the need for additional therapeutic strategies. Accumulating evidence suggests that the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in atherosclerosis. In this article, we reviewed the sympathetic innervation in the vasculature, norepinephrine synthesis and metabolism, sympathetic activity measurement, and common signaling pathways of sympathetic activation. The focus of this paper was to review the effectiveness of pharmacological antagonists or agonists of adrenoceptors (α1, α2, β1, β2, and β3) and renal denervation on atherosclerosis. All five types of adrenoceptors are present in arterial blood vessels. α1 blockers inhibit atherosclerosis but increase the risk of heart failure while α2 agonism may protect against atherosclerosis and newer generations of β blockers and β3 agonists are promising therapies against atherosclerosis; however, new randomized controlled trials are warranted to investigate the effectiveness of these therapies in atherosclerosis inhibition and cardiovascular risk reduction in the future. The role of renal denervation in atherosclerosis inhibition in humans is yet to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutang Wang
- Discipline of Life Science, Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Jack Anesi
- Discipline of Life Science, Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Michelle C. Maier
- Discipline of Life Science, Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Mark A. Myers
- Discipline of Life Science, Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Ernesto Oqueli
- Cardiology Department, Grampians Health Ballarat, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Christopher G. Sobey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine & Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Grant R. Drummond
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine & Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Kate M. Denton
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
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Turner SR, Al‐Ghabkari A, Carlson DA, Chappellaz M, Sutherland C, Haystead TAJ, Cole WC, MacDonald JA. Death-associated protein kinase 3 regulates the myogenic reactivity of cerebral arteries. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:986-997. [PMID: 37084168 PMCID: PMC10988501 DOI: 10.1113/ep090631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? DAPK3 contributes to the Ca2+ -sensitization of vascular smooth muscle contraction: does this protein kinase participate in the myogenic response of cerebral arteries? What is the main finding and its importance? Small molecule inhibitors of DAPK3 effectively block the myogenic responses of cerebral arteries. HS38-dependent changes to vessel constriction occur independent of LC20 phosphorylation, and therefore DAPK3 appears to operate via the actin cytoskeleton. A role for DAPK3 in the myogenic response was not previously reported, and the results support a potential new therapeutic target in the cerebrovascular system. ABSTRACT The vascular smooth muscle (VSM) of resistance blood vessels is a target of intrinsic autoregulatory responses to increased intraluminal pressure, the myogenic response. In the brain, the myogenic reactivity of cerebral arteries is critical to homeostatic blood flow regulation. Here we provide the first evidence to link the death-associated protein kinase 3 (DAPK3) to the myogenic response of rat and human cerebral arteries. DAPK3 is a Ser/Thr kinase involved in Ca2+ -sensitization mechanisms of smooth muscle contraction. Ex vivo administration of a specific DAPK3 inhibitor (i.e., HS38) could attenuate vessel constrictions invoked by serotonin as well as intraluminal pressure elevation. The HS38-dependent dilatation was not associated with any change in myosin light chain (LC20) phosphorylation. The results suggest that DAPK3 does not regulate Ca2+ sensitization pathways during the myogenic response of cerebral vessels but rather operates to control the actin cytoskeleton. A slow return of myogenic tone was observed during the sustained ex vivo exposure of cerebral arteries to HS38. Recovery of tone was associated with greater LC20 phosphorylation that suggests intrinsic signalling compensation in response to attenuation of DAPK3 activity. Additional experiments with VSM cells revealed HS38- and siDAPK-dependent effects on the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation status. The translational importance of DAPK3 to the human cerebral vasculature was noted, with robust expression of the protein kinase and significant HS38-dependent attenuation of myogenic reactivity found for human pial vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R. Turner
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Abdulhameed Al‐Ghabkari
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - David A. Carlson
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer BiologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA
| | - Mona Chappellaz
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Cindy Sutherland
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Timothy A. J. Haystead
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer BiologyDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA
| | - William C. Cole
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Justin A. MacDonald
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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Davis MJ, Earley S, Li YS, Chien S. Vascular mechanotransduction. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1247-1421. [PMID: 36603156 PMCID: PMC9942936 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00053.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical stimuli and transduction of mechanical signals that result in the acute functional modulation and longer-term transcriptomic and epigenetic regulation of blood vessels. The mechanosensors discussed include ion channels, plasma membrane-associated structures and receptors, and junction proteins. The mechanosignaling pathways presented include the cytoskeleton, integrins, extracellular matrix, and intracellular signaling molecules. These are followed by discussions on mechanical regulation of transcriptome and epigenetics, relevance of mechanotransduction to health and disease, and interactions between VSMCs and ECs. Throughout this review, we offer suggestions for specific topics that require further understanding. In the closing section on conclusions and perspectives, we summarize what is known and point out the need to treat the vasculature as a system, including not only VSMCs and ECs but also the extracellular matrix and other types of cells such as resident macrophages and pericytes, so that we can fully understand the physiology and pathophysiology of the blood vessel as a whole, thus enhancing the comprehension, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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Gq Signaling in Autophagy Control: Between Chemical and Mechanical Cues. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081599. [PMID: 36009317 PMCID: PMC9405508 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
All processes in human physiology relies on homeostatic mechanisms which require the activation of specific control circuits to adapt the changes imposed by external stimuli. One of the critical modulators of homeostatic balance is autophagy, a catabolic process that is responsible of the destruction of long-lived proteins and organelles through a lysosome degradative pathway. Identification of the mechanism underlying autophagic flux is considered of great importance as both protective and detrimental functions are linked with deregulated autophagy. At the mechanistic and regulatory levels, autophagy is activated in response to diverse stress conditions (food deprivation, hyperthermia and hypoxia), even a novel perspective highlight the potential role of physical forces in autophagy modulation. To understand the crosstalk between all these controlling mechanisms could give us new clues about the specific contribution of autophagy in a wide range of diseases including vascular disorders, inflammation and cancer. Of note, any homeostatic control critically depends in at least two additional and poorly studied interdependent components: a receptor and its downstream effectors. Addressing the selective receptors involved in autophagy regulation is an open question and represents a new area of research in this field. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent one of the largest and druggable targets membrane receptor protein superfamily. By exerting their action through G proteins, GPCRs play fundamental roles in the control of cellular homeostasis. Novel studies have shown Gαq, a subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins, as a core modulator of mTORC1 and autophagy, suggesting a fundamental contribution of Gαq-coupled GPCRs mechanisms in the control of this homeostatic feedback loop. To address how GPCR-G proteins machinery integrates the response to different stresses including oxidative conditions and mechanical stimuli, could provide deeper insight into new signaling pathways and open potential and novel therapeutic strategies in the modulation of different pathological conditions.
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Chen YL, Daneva Z, Kuppusamy M, Ottolini M, Baker TM, Klimentova E, Shah SA, Sokolowski JD, Park MS, Sonkusare SK. Novel Smooth Muscle Ca 2+-Signaling Nanodomains in Blood Pressure Regulation. Circulation 2022; 146:548-564. [PMID: 35758040 PMCID: PMC9378684 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.058607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ca2+ signals in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contribute to vascular resistance and control blood pressure. Increased vascular resistance in hypertension has been attributed to impaired SMC Ca2+ signaling mechanisms. In this regard, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4SMC) ion channels are a crucial Ca2+ entry pathway in SMCs. However, their role in blood pressure regulation has not been identified. METHODS We used SMC-specific TRPV4-/- (TRPV4SMC-/-) mice to assess the role of TRPV4SMC channels in blood pressure regulation. We determined the contribution of TRPV4SMC channels to the constrictor effect of α1 adrenergic receptor (α1AR) stimulation and elevated intraluminal pressure: 2 main physiologic stimuli that constrict resistance-sized arteries. The contribution of spatially separated TRPV4SMC channel subpopulations to elevated blood pressure in hypertension was evaluated in angiotensin II-infused mice and patients with hypertension. RESULTS We provide first evidence that TRPV4SMC channel activity elevates resting blood pressure in normal mice. α1AR stimulation activated TRPV4SMC channels through PKCα (protein kinase Cα) signaling, which contributed significantly to vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Intraluminal pressure-induced TRPV4SMC channel activity opposed vasoconstriction through activation of Ca2+-sensitive K+ (BK) channels, indicating functionally opposite pools of TRPV4SMC channels. Superresolution imaging of SMCs revealed spatially separated α1AR:TRPV4 and TRPV4:BK nanodomains in SMCs. These data suggest that spatially separated α1AR-TRPV4SMC and intraluminal pressure-TRPV4SMC-BK channel signaling have opposite effects on blood pressure, with α1AR-TRPV4SMC signaling dominating under resting conditions. Furthermore, in patients with hypertension and a mouse model of hypertension, constrictor α1AR-PKCα-TRPV4 signaling was upregulated, whereas dilator pressure-TRPV4-BK channel signaling was disrupted, thereby increasing vasoconstriction and elevating blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify novel smooth muscle Ca2+-signaling nanodomains that regulate blood pressure and demonstrate their impairment in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Chen
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Zdravka Daneva
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Maniselvan Kuppusamy
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Matteo Ottolini
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Thomas M. Baker
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Eliska Klimentova
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Soham A. Shah
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Jennifer D. Sokolowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Min S. Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Swapnil K. Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
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Advanced Maternal Age Impairs Uterine Artery Adaptations to Pregnancy in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169191. [PMID: 36012456 PMCID: PMC9409016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced maternal age (≥35 years) is associated with pregnancy complications. Aging impairs vascular reactivity and increases vascular stiffness. We hypothesized that uterine artery adaptations to pregnancy are impaired with advanced age. Uterine arteries of nonpregnant and pregnant (gestational day 20) young (4 months) and aged (9 months; ~35 years in humans) Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated. Functional (myogenic tone, n = 6−10/group) and mechanical (circumferential stress-strain, n = 10−24/group) properties were assessed using pressure myography and further assessment of elastin and collagen (histology, n = 4−6/group), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2, zymography, n = 6/group). Aged dams had worse pregnancy outcomes, including smaller litters and fetal weights (both p < 0.0001). Only in arteries of pregnant young dams did higher pressures (>100 mmHg) cause forced vasodilation. Across the whole pressure range (4−160 mmHg), myogenic behavior was enhanced in aged vs. young pregnant dams (p = 0.0010). Circumferential stress and strain increased with pregnancy in young and aged dams (p < 0.0001), but strain remained lower in aged vs. young dams (p < 0.05). Arteries from young nonpregnant rats had greater collagen:elastin ratios than the other groups (p < 0.05). In aged rats only, pregnancy increased MMP-2 active capacity. Altered functional and structural vascular adaptations to pregnancy may impair fetal growth and development with advanced maternal age.
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9
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Solár P, Zamani A, Lakatosová K, Joukal M. The blood-brain barrier and the neurovascular unit in subarachnoid hemorrhage: molecular events and potential treatments. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:29. [PMID: 35410231 PMCID: PMC8996682 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The response of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) following a stroke, including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), has been studied extensively. The main components of this reaction are endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes that affect microglia, neurons, and vascular smooth muscle cells. SAH induces alterations in individual BBB cells, leading to brain homeostasis disruption. Recent experiments have uncovered many pathophysiological cascades affecting the BBB following SAH. Targeting some of these pathways is important for restoring brain function following SAH. BBB injury occurs immediately after SAH and has long-lasting consequences, but most changes in the pathophysiological cascades occur in the first few days following SAH. These changes determine the development of early brain injury as well as delayed cerebral ischemia. SAH-induced neuroprotection also plays an important role and weakens the negative impact of SAH. Supporting some of these beneficial cascades while attenuating the major pathophysiological pathways might be decisive in inhibiting the negative impact of bleeding in the subarachnoid space. In this review, we attempt a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the molecular and cellular changes in the BBB following SAH and their possible modulation by various drugs and substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Solár
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alemeh Zamani
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klaudia Lakatosová
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Joukal
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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10
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Henrion D. Modulating the immune response to reduce hypertension-associated cardiovascular damage. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:158280. [PMID: 35289312 PMCID: PMC8920331 DOI: 10.1172/jci158280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Hypertension, a major risk factor for these diseases, remains difficult to treat despite numerous drugs being available. In this issue of the JCI, Failer et al. show that the endogenous antiinflammatory agent developmental endothelial locus-1 (DEL-1) decreased blood pressure and cardiac and aortic hypertrophy in mouse models of hypertension through reduction in αvβ3 integrin–dependent metalloproteinase activity and immune cell recruitment, leading to reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines in cardiovascular tissues. This study offers an alternative in the treatment of hypertension-mediated organ damage through the immunomodulatory effect of DEL-1.
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11
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Cui Y, Kassmann M, Nickel S, Zhang C, Alenina N, Anistan YM, Schleifenbaum J, Bader M, Welsh DG, Huang Y, Gollasch M. Myogenic Vasoconstriction Requires Canonical G q/11 Signaling of the Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e022070. [PMID: 35132870 PMCID: PMC9245832 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.022070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Blood pressure and tissue perfusion are controlled in part by the level of intrinsic (myogenic) arterial tone. However, many of the molecular determinants of this response are unknown. We previously found that mice with targeted disruption of the gene encoding the angiotensin II type 1a receptor (AT1AR) (Agtr1a), the major murine angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) isoform, showed reduced myogenic tone; however, uncontrolled genetic events (in this case, gene ablation) can lead to phenotypes that are difficult or impossible to interpret. Methods and Results We tested the mechanosensitive function of AT1R using tamoxifen-inducible smooth muscle-specific AT1aR knockout (smooth muscle-Agtr1a-/-) mice and studied downstream signaling cascades mediated by Gq/11 and/or β-arrestins. FR900359, Sar1Ile4Ile8-angiotensin II (SII), TRV120027 and TRV120055 were used as selective Gq/11 inhibitor and biased agonists to activate noncanonical β-arrestin and canonical Gq/11 signaling of the AT1R, respectively. Myogenic and Ang II-induced constrictions were diminished in the perfused renal vasculature, mesenteric and cerebral arteries of smooth muscle-Agtr1a-/- mice. Similar effects were observed in arteries of global mutant Agtr1a-/- but not Agtr1b-/- mice. FR900359 decreased myogenic tone and angiotensin II-induced constrictions whereas selective biased targeting of AT1R-β-arrestin signaling pathways had no effects. Conclusions This study demonstrates that myogenic arterial constriction requires Gq/11-dependent signaling pathways of mechanoactivated AT1R but not G protein-independent, noncanonical pathways in smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqiu Cui
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Mario Kassmann
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics University Medicine Greifswald Germany
| | - Sophie Nickel
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Chenglin Zhang
- Heart and Vascular Institute and School of Biomedical Sciences Chinese University of Hong Kong China
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Yoland Marie Anistan
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics University Medicine Greifswald Germany
| | - Johanna Schleifenbaum
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin Berlin Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,Institute for Biology University of Lübeck Germany
| | - Donald G Welsh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Robarts, Research Institute Western University London Ontario Canada
| | - Yu Huang
- Heart and Vascular Institute and School of Biomedical Sciences Chinese University of Hong Kong China.,Department of Biomedical Sciences Campus VirchowCity University of Hong Kong China
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics University Medicine Greifswald Germany.,Medical Clinic for Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Campus VirchowCharité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
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12
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PI3K Isoforms in Vascular Biology, A Focus on the Vascular System-Immune Response Connection. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 436:289-309. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06566-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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13
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Liu S, Lin Z. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Mechanosensitive Regulators and Vascular Remodeling. J Vasc Res 2021; 59:90-113. [PMID: 34937033 DOI: 10.1159/000519845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are subjected to mechanical loads of pressure and flow, inducing smooth muscle circumferential and endothelial shear stresses. The perception and response of vascular tissue and living cells to these stresses and the microenvironment they are exposed to are critical to their function and survival. These mechanical stimuli not only cause morphological changes in cells and vessel walls but also can interfere with biochemical homeostasis, leading to vascular remodeling and dysfunction. However, the mechanisms underlying how these stimuli affect tissue and cellular function, including mechanical stimulation-induced biochemical signaling and mechanical transduction that relies on cytoskeletal integrity, are unclear. This review focuses on signaling pathways that regulate multiple biochemical processes in vascular mesangial smooth muscle cells in response to circumferential stress and are involved in mechanosensitive regulatory molecules in response to mechanotransduction, including ion channels, membrane receptors, integrins, cytoskeletal proteins, nuclear structures, and cascades. Mechanoactivation of these signaling pathways is closely associated with vascular remodeling in physiological or pathophysiological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangmin Liu
- Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, China, .,Medical Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China,
| | - Zhanyi Lin
- Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, China.,Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Sicotte B, Brochu M. Fetal Sex and Fetal Environment Interact to Alter Diameter, Myogenic Tone, and Contractile Response to Thromboxane Analog in Rat Umbilical Cord Vessels. Front Physiol 2021; 12:620058. [PMID: 34603067 PMCID: PMC8481594 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.620058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth needs adequate blood perfusion from both sides of the placenta, on the maternal side through the uterine vessels and on the fetal side through the umbilical cord. In a model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) induced by reduced blood volume expansion, uterine artery remodeling was blunted. The aim of this study is to determine if IUGR and fetus sex alter the functional and mechanical parameters of umbilical cord blood vessels. Pregnant rats were given a low sodium (IUGR) or a control diet for the last 7 days of pregnancy. Umbilical arteries and veins from term (22 day) fetal rats were isolated and set-up in wire myographs. Myogenic tone, diameter, length tension curve and contractile response to thromboxane analog U46619 and serotonin (5-HT) were measured. In arteries from IUGR fetuses, myogenic tone was increased in both sexes while diameter was significantly greater only in male fetuses. In umbilical arteries collected from the control group, the maximal contraction to U46619 was lower in females than males. Compared to the control groups, the maximal response decreased in IUGR male arteries and increased in female ones, thus abolishing the sexual dimorphism observed in the control groups. Reduced contractile response to U46619 was observed in the IUGR vein of both sexes. No difference between groups was observed in response to 5HT in arteries. In conclusion, the change in parameters of the umbilical cord blood vessels in response to a mild insult seems to show adaptation that favors better exchange of deoxygenated and wasted blood from the fetus to the placenta with increased myogenic tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Sicotte
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michèle Brochu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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15
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Drummond HA. What Evolutionary Evidence Implies About the Identity of the Mechanoelectrical Couplers in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 36:292-306. [PMID: 34431420 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00008.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of pressure-induced vasoconstriction increases susceptibility to renal and cerebral vascular injury. Favored paradigms underlying initiation of the response include transient receptor potential channels coupled to G protein-coupled receptors or integrins as transducers. Degenerin channels may also mediate the response. This review addresses the 1) evolutionary role of these molecules in mechanosensing, 2) limitations to identifying mechanosensitive molecules, and 3) paradigm shifting molecular model for a VSMC mechanosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Drummond
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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16
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Xiaoxuming Decoction Regulates Vascular Function by Modulating G Protein-Coupled Receptors: A Molecular Docking Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5575443. [PMID: 34195269 PMCID: PMC8203363 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5575443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Xiaoxuming decoction (XXMD) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) that is used for the treatment of stroke in China. Stroke injury damages the cerebral vasculature and disrupts the autoregulation of vasoconstriction and vasodilatation, which is crucial for maintaining constant cerebral blood flow (CBF). It has been reported that XXMD exerts a positive effect on cerebral circulation in animal models of stroke. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulatory effect of XXMD on vascular tone, and the interactions among the multiple components of XXMD, remain unclear. In this study, XXMD was found to induce relaxation of the basilar artery rings of rats precontracted by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in vitro, in a dose-dependent manner. The modulation of vascular tone and the process of cerebral ischemia are mediated via the interactions between G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and their ligands, including 5-HT, angiotensin II (Ang II), and urotensin II (UII). Thus, the potential synergistic effects of the different components of XXMD on the regulation of vasoconstriction and vasodilation were further investigated by molecular docking based on network pharmacology. We constructed and analyzed a database comprising 963 compounds of XXMD and studied the interactions between five vascular GPCRs (5-HT1A receptor (5-HT1AR), 5-HT1B receptor (5-HT1BR), Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R), beta 2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR), and UII receptor (UTR)) and the various herbal constituents of XXMD using molecular docking. By constructing and analyzing the compound-target networks of XXMD, we found that Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, and Paeoniae Radix Alba were the three major herbs that contained a large number of compounds with high docking scores. We additionally observed that several constituents of XXMD, including gallotannin, liquiritin apioside, nariutin, 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloylglucose, folic acid, and ginsenoside Rb1, targeted multiple vascular GPCRs. Moreover, the interactions between the components of XXMD and the targets related to vascular tone constituted the comprehensive cerebrovascular regulatory function of XXMD and provided a material basis of the vasoregulatory function of XXMD. The study reports the contributions of various components of XXMD to the regulatory effects on vascular tone and provides scientific evidence for the multicomponent and multitargeting characteristics of XXMD.
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17
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Norton CE, Jernigan NL, Walker BR, Resta TC. Membrane depolarization is required for pressure-dependent pulmonary arterial tone but not enhanced vasoconstriction to endothelin-1 following chronic hypoxia. Pulm Circ 2020; 10:2045894020973559. [PMID: 33343882 PMCID: PMC7731711 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020973559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced vasoconstriction is increasingly identified as an important contributor to the development of pulmonary hypertension. Chronic hypoxia results in enhanced Rho kinase mediated Ca2+ sensitization contributing to pressure-dependent pulmonary arterial tone as well as augmented vasoconstriction to endothelin-1 and depolarizing stimuli. We sought to investigate the interaction between these vasoconstrictor stimuli in isolated, pressurized, pulmonary arteries. We used the K+ ionophore, valinomycin, to clamp membrane potential (Vm) to investigate the role of membrane depolarization in endothelin-1 and pressure-dependent constriction, and endothelin-1 receptor inhibitors to determine whether membrane depolarization or stretch signal through endothelin-1 receptors. Clamping Vm prevented pressure-dependent tone, but not enhanced vasoconstriction to endothelin-1 following chronic hypoxia. Furthermore, endothelin-1 receptor inhibition had no effect on either pressure-dependent tone or vasoconstriction to KCl. As Src kinases contribute to both pressure-dependent tone and enhanced endothelin-1 vasoconstriction following chronic hypoxia, we further investigated their role in depolarization-induced vasoconstriction. Inhibition of Src kinases attenuated enhanced vasoconstriction to KCl. We conclude that membrane depolarization contributes to pressure-dependent tone but not enhanced vasoconstriction to ET-1, and that Src kinases serve as upstream mediators facilitating enhanced Rho kinase-dependent vasoconstriction following chronic hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Norton
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nikki L Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Benjimen R Walker
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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18
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Michel JB. Phylogenic Determinants of Cardiovascular Frailty, Focus on Hemodynamics and Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:1779-1837. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00022.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of the circulatory system from invertebrates to mammals has involved the passage from an open system to a closed in-parallel system via a closed in-series system, accompanying the increasing complexity and efficiency of life’s biological functions. The archaic heart enables pulsatile motion waves of hemolymph in invertebrates, and the in-series circulation in fish occurs with only an endothelium, whereas mural smooth muscle cells appear later. The present review focuses on evolution of the circulatory system. In particular, we address how and why this evolution took place from a closed, flowing, longitudinal conductance at low pressure to a flowing, highly pressurized and bifurcating arterial compartment. However, although arterial pressure was the latest acquired hemodynamic variable, the general teleonomy of the evolution of species is the differentiation of individual organ function, supported by specific fueling allowing and favoring partial metabolic autonomy. This was achieved via the establishment of an active contractile tone in resistance arteries, which permitted the regulation of blood supply to specific organ activities via its localized function-dependent inhibition (active vasodilation). The global resistance to viscous blood flow is the peripheral increase in frictional forces caused by the tonic change in arterial and arteriolar radius, which backscatter as systemic arterial blood pressure. Consequently, the arterial pressure gradient from circulating blood to the adventitial interstitium generates the unidirectional outward radial advective conductance of plasma solutes across the wall of conductance arteries. This hemodynamic evolution was accompanied by important changes in arterial wall structure, supported by smooth muscle cell functional plasticity, including contractility, matrix synthesis and proliferation, endocytosis and phagocytosis, etc. These adaptive phenotypic shifts are due to epigenetic regulation, mainly related to mechanotransduction. These paradigms actively participate in cardio-arterial pathologies such as atheroma, valve disease, heart failure, aneurysms, hypertension, and physiological aging.
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19
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Aguiar Rosa S, Rocha Lopes L, Fiarresga A, Ferreira RC, Mota Carmo M. Coronary microvascular dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology, assessment, and clinical impact. Microcirculation 2020; 28:e12656. [PMID: 32896949 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia constitutes one of the most important pathophysiological features in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Chronic and recurrent myocardial ischemia leads to fibrosis, which may culminate in myocardial dysfunction. Since the direct visualization of coronary microcirculation in vivo is not possible, its function must be studied indirectly. Invasive and noninvasive techniques allow microcirculatory dysfunction to be evaluated, including echocardiography, magnetic resonance, positron emission tomography, and cardiac catheterization. Blunted myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve have been suggested to associate with unfavorable prognosis. Microcirculatory dysfunction may be one additional important parameter to take into account for risk stratification beyond the conventional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Aguiar Rosa
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Marta Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal.,Nova Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Rocha Lopes
- Inherited Cardiac Disease Unit, Bart's Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.,Centre for Heart Muscle Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, UK.,Centro Cardiovascular, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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20
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Chavkin NW, Hirschi KK. Single Cell Analysis in Vascular Biology. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:42. [PMID: 32296715 PMCID: PMC7137757 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to quantify DNA, RNA, and protein variations at the single cell level has revolutionized our understanding of cellular heterogeneity within tissues. Via such analyses, individual cells within populations previously thought to be homogeneous can now be delineated into specific subpopulations expressing unique sets of genes, enabling specialized functions. In vascular biology, studies using single cell RNA sequencing have revealed extensive heterogeneity among endothelial and mural cells even within the same vessel, key intermediate cell types that arise during blood and lymphatic vessel development, and cell-type specific responses to disease. Thus, emerging new single cell analysis techniques are enabling vascular biologists to elucidate mechanisms of vascular development, homeostasis, and disease that were previously not possible. In this review, we will provide an overview of single cell analysis methods and highlight recent advances in vascular biology made possible through single cell RNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Chavkin
- Department of Cell Biology, Developmental Genomics Center, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Department of Cell Biology, Developmental Genomics Center, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.,Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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21
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Marullo S, Doly S, Saha K, Enslen H, Scott MGH, Coureuil M. Mechanical GPCR Activation by Traction Forces Exerted on Receptor N-Glycans. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:171-178. [PMID: 32296760 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cells are sensitive to chemical stimulation which is converted into intracellular biochemical signals by the activation of specific receptors. Mechanical stimulations can also induce biochemical responses via the activation of various mechano-sensors. Although principally appreciated for their chemosensory function, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) may participate in mechano-transduction. They are indirectly activated by the paracrine release of chemical compounds secreted in response to mechanical stimuli, but they might additionally behave as mechano-sensors that are directly stimulated by mechanical forces. Although several studies are consistent with this latter hypothesis, the molecular mechanisms of a potential direct mechanical activation of GPCRs have remained elusive until recently. In particular, investigating the activation of the catecholamine β2-adrenergic receptor by a pathogen revealed that traction forces directly exerted on the N-terminus of the receptor via N-glycan chains activate specific signaling pathways. These findings open new perspectives in GPCR biology and pharmacology since most GPCRs express N-glycan chains in their N-terminus, which might similarly be involved in the interaction with cell-surface glycan-specific lectins in the context of cell-to-cell mechanical signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Marullo
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Stephane Doly
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, NEURO-DOL, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Kusumika Saha
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Enslen
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Mark G H Scott
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Coureuil
- Université de Paris, Institut-Necker-Enfants-Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, 75015 Paris, France
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22
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The role of P2Y 6R in cardiovascular diseases and recent development of P2Y 6R antagonists. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:568-573. [PMID: 31926135 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a member of the P2Y receptor family with a typical 7-transmembrane structure, P2Y6 purinergic receptor (P2Y6R) belongs to the G-protein-coupled nucleotide receptor activating the phospholipase-C signaling pathway. P2Y6R is widely involved in a range of human diseases, including atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases, gradually attracting attention owing to its inappropriate or excessive activation. In addition, it was reported that P2Y6R might regulate inflammatory responses by governing the maturation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Hence, several P2Y6R antagonists have been subjected to evaluation as new therapeutic strategies in recent years. This review was aimed at summarizing the role of P2Y6R in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, with an insight into the recent progress on discovery of P2Y6R antagonists.
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23
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Basic Concepts of the Microcirculation. Microcirculation 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-28199-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Chennupati R, Wirth A, Favre J, Li R, Bonnavion R, Jin YJ, Wietelmann A, Schweda F, Wettschureck N, Henrion D, Offermanns S. Myogenic vasoconstriction requires G 12/G 13 and LARG to maintain local and systemic vascular resistance. eLife 2019; 8:49374. [PMID: 31549965 PMCID: PMC6777979 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenic vasoconstriction is an autoregulatory function of small arteries. Recently, G-protein-coupled receptors have been involved in myogenic vasoconstriction, but the downstream signalling mechanisms and the in-vivo-function of this myogenic autoregulation are poorly understood. Here, we show that small arteries from mice with smooth muscle-specific loss of G12/G13 or the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor ARHGEF12 have lost myogenic vasoconstriction. This defect was accompanied by loss of RhoA activation, while vessels showed normal increases in intracellular [Ca2+]. In the absence of myogenic vasoconstriction, perfusion of peripheral organs was increased, systemic vascular resistance was reduced and cardiac output and left ventricular mass were increased. In addition, animals with defective myogenic vasoconstriction showed aggravated hypotension in response to endotoxin. We conclude that G12/G13- and Rho-mediated signaling plays a key role in myogenic vasoconstriction and that myogenic tone is required to maintain local and systemic vascular resistance under physiological and pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Chennupati
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Angela Wirth
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julie Favre
- Laboratoire MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015 - INSERM 1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rémy Bonnavion
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Young-June Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Astrid Wietelmann
- Scientific Service Group Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Frank Schweda
- Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nina Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, JW Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Henrion
- Laboratoire MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015 - INSERM 1083, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Centre for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, JW Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
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25
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Ottolini M, Hong K, Sonkusare SK. Calcium signals that determine vascular resistance. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 11:e1448. [PMID: 30884210 PMCID: PMC6688910 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Small arteries in the body control vascular resistance, and therefore, blood pressure and blood flow. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells in the arterial walls respond to various stimuli by altering the vascular resistance on a moment to moment basis. Smooth muscle cells can directly influence arterial diameter by contracting or relaxing, whereas endothelial cells that line the inner walls of the arteries modulate the contractile state of surrounding smooth muscle cells. Cytosolic calcium is a key driver of endothelial and smooth muscle cell functions. Cytosolic calcium can be increased either by calcium release from intracellular stores through IP3 or ryanodine receptors, or the influx of extracellular calcium through ion channels at the cell membrane. Depending on the cell type, spatial localization, source of a calcium signal, and the calcium-sensitive target activated, a particular calcium signal can dilate or constrict the arteries. Calcium signals in the vasculature can be classified into several types based on their source, kinetics, and spatial and temporal properties. The calcium signaling mechanisms in smooth muscle and endothelial cells have been extensively studied in the native or freshly isolated cells, therefore, this review is limited to the discussions of studies in native or freshly isolated cells. This article is categorized under: Biological Mechanisms > Cell Signaling Laboratory Methods and Technologies > Imaging Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Mechanistic Models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ottolini
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Kwangseok Hong
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Physical Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Swapnil K. Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia-School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
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Bouressam ML, Lecat S, Raoul A, Gaucher C, Perrin-Sarrado C, Lartaud I, Dupuis F. S-nitrosoglutathione inhibits cerebrovascular angiotensin II-dependent and -independent AT 1 receptor responses: A possible role of S-nitrosation. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2049-2062. [PMID: 30822355 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Angiotensin II (AngII) and NO regulate the cerebral circulation. AngII AT1 receptors exert ligand-dependent and ligand-independent (myogenic tone [MT]) vasoconstriction of cerebral vessels. NO induces post-translational modifications of proteins such as S-nitrosation (redox modification of cysteine residues). In cultured cells, S-nitrosation decreases AngII's affinity for the AT1 receptor. The present work evaluated the functional consequences of S-nitrosation on both AngII-dependent and AngII-independent cerebrovascular responses. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH S-Nitrosation was induced in rat isolated middle cerebral arteries by pretreatment with the NO donors, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Agonist-dependent activation of AT1 receptors was evaluated by obtaining concentration-response curves to AngII. Ligand-independent activation of AT1 receptors was evaluated by calculating MT (active vs. passive diameter) at pressures ranging from 20 to 200 mmHg in the presence or not of a selective AT1 receptor inverse agonist. KEY RESULTS GSNO or SNP completely abolished the AngII-dependent AT1 receptor-mediated vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries. GSNO had no impact on responses to other vasoconstrictors sharing (phenylephrine, U46619) or not (5-HT) the same signalling pathway. MT was reduced by GSNO, and the addition of losartan did not further decrease MT, suggesting that GSNO blocks AT1 receptor-dependent MT. Ascorbate (which reduces S-nitrosated compounds) restored the response to AngII but not the soluble GC inhibitor ODQ, suggesting that these effects are mediated by S-nitrosation rather than by S-nitrosylation. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In rat middle cerebral arteries, GSNO pretreatment specifically affects the AT1 receptor and reduces both AngII-dependent and AngII-independent activation, most likely through AT1 receptor S-nitrosation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Lecat
- BSC UMR7242 "GPCRs, pain and inflammation" team, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg Labex Medalis, Illkirch, France
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Bulley S, Fernández-Peña C, Hasan R, Leo MD, Muralidharan P, Mackay CE, Evanson KW, Moreira-Junior L, Mata-Daboin A, Burris SK, Wang Q, Kuruvilla KP, Jaggar JH. Arterial smooth muscle cell PKD2 (TRPP1) channels regulate systemic blood pressure. eLife 2018; 7:42628. [PMID: 30511640 PMCID: PMC6281320 DOI: 10.7554/elife.42628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic blood pressure is determined, in part, by arterial smooth muscle cells (myocytes). Several Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are proposed to be expressed in arterial myocytes, but it is unclear if these proteins control physiological blood pressure and contribute to hypertension in vivo. We generated the first inducible, smooth muscle-specific knockout mice for a TRP channel, namely for PKD2 (TRPP1), to investigate arterial myocyte and blood pressure regulation by this protein. Using this model, we show that intravascular pressure and α1-adrenoceptors activate PKD2 channels in arterial myocytes of different systemic organs. PKD2 channel activation in arterial myocytes leads to an inward Na+ current, membrane depolarization and vasoconstriction. Inducible, smooth muscle cell-specific PKD2 knockout lowers both physiological blood pressure and hypertension and prevents pathological arterial remodeling during hypertension. Thus, arterial myocyte PKD2 controls systemic blood pressure and targeting this TRP channel reduces high blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bulley
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Carlos Fernández-Peña
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Raquibul Hasan
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - M Dennis Leo
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Padmapriya Muralidharan
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Charles E Mackay
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Kirk W Evanson
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Luiz Moreira-Junior
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Alejandro Mata-Daboin
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Sarah K Burris
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Korah P Kuruvilla
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
| | - Jonathan H Jaggar
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, United States
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Henrion D. Keeping the Extracellular Matrix Well Structured to Keep Healthy Vessels. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:2281-2282. [PMID: 30354223 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Henrion
- From the MitoVasc Institute, UMR CNRS 6015-INSERM U1083, University of Angers, France
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29
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Carnevale D, Facchinello N, Iodice D, Bizzotto D, Perrotta M, De Stefani D, Pallante F, Carnevale L, Ricciardi F, Cifelli G, Da Ros F, Casaburo M, Fardella S, Bonaldo P, Innocenzi G, Rizzuto R, Braghetta P, Lembo G, Bressan GM. Loss of EMILIN-1 Enhances Arteriolar Myogenic Tone Through TGF-β (Transforming Growth Factor-β)–Dependent Transactivation of EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) and Is Relevant for Hypertension in Mice and Humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:2484-2497. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Carnevale
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (D.C., M.P., G.L.)
- Department of Angiocardioneurology and Translational Medicine (D.C., D.I., F.P., L.C., G.C., M.C., S.F., G.L.), IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Nicola Facchinello
- Department of Molecular Medicine (N.F., D.B., F.D.R., P. Bonaldo, P. Braghetta, G.M.B.), University of Padova, Italy
| | - Daniele Iodice
- Department of Angiocardioneurology and Translational Medicine (D.C., D.I., F.P., L.C., G.C., M.C., S.F., G.L.), IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Dario Bizzotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine (N.F., D.B., F.D.R., P. Bonaldo, P. Braghetta, G.M.B.), University of Padova, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Perrotta
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (D.C., M.P., G.L.)
| | - Diego De Stefani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (D.D.S., R.R.), University of Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Pallante
- Department of Angiocardioneurology and Translational Medicine (D.C., D.I., F.P., L.C., G.C., M.C., S.F., G.L.), IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Carnevale
- Department of Angiocardioneurology and Translational Medicine (D.C., D.I., F.P., L.C., G.C., M.C., S.F., G.L.), IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Franco Ricciardi
- Department of Neurosurgery (F.R., G.I.), IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cifelli
- Department of Angiocardioneurology and Translational Medicine (D.C., D.I., F.P., L.C., G.C., M.C., S.F., G.L.), IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Francesco Da Ros
- Department of Molecular Medicine (N.F., D.B., F.D.R., P. Bonaldo, P. Braghetta, G.M.B.), University of Padova, Italy
| | - Manuel Casaburo
- Department of Angiocardioneurology and Translational Medicine (D.C., D.I., F.P., L.C., G.C., M.C., S.F., G.L.), IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Stefania Fardella
- Department of Angiocardioneurology and Translational Medicine (D.C., D.I., F.P., L.C., G.C., M.C., S.F., G.L.), IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine (N.F., D.B., F.D.R., P. Bonaldo, P. Braghetta, G.M.B.), University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (D.D.S., R.R.), University of Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine (N.F., D.B., F.D.R., P. Bonaldo, P. Braghetta, G.M.B.), University of Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lembo
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (D.C., M.P., G.L.)
- Department of Angiocardioneurology and Translational Medicine (D.C., D.I., F.P., L.C., G.C., M.C., S.F., G.L.), IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Giorgio M. Bressan
- Department of Molecular Medicine (N.F., D.B., F.D.R., P. Bonaldo, P. Braghetta, G.M.B.), University of Padova, Italy
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30
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Gunaratne GS, Yahya NA, Dosa PI, Marchant JS. Activation of host transient receptor potential (TRP) channels by praziquantel stereoisomers. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006420. [PMID: 29668703 PMCID: PMC5927461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthelmintic praziquantel (±PZQ) serves as a highly effective antischistosomal therapy. ±PZQ causes a rapid paralysis of adult schistosome worms and deleterious effects on the worm tegument. In addition to these activities against the parasite, ±PZQ also modulates host vascular tone in blood vessels where the adult worms reside. In resting mesenteric arteries ±PZQ causes a constriction of basal tone, an effect mediated by (R)-PZQ activation of endogenous serotoninergic G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here, we demonstrate a novel vasodilatory action of ±PZQ in mesenteric vessels that are precontracted by high potassium-evoked depolarization, an effect previously reported to be associated with agonists of the transient receptor potential melastatin 8 channel (TRPM8). Pharmacological profiling a panel of 17 human TRPs demonstrated ±PZQ activity against a subset of human TRP channels. Several host TRP channels (hTRPA1, hTRPC3, hTRPC7) were activated by both (R)-PZQ and (S)-PZQ over a micromolar range whereas hTRPM8 showed stereoselective activation by (S)-PZQ. The relaxant effect of ±PZQ in mesenteric arteries was caused by (S)-PZQ, and mimicked by TRPM8 agonists. However, persistence of both (S)-PZQ and TRPM8 agonist evoked vessel relaxation in TRPM8 knockout tissue suggested that canonical TRPM8 does not mediate this (S)-PZQ effect. We conclude that (S)-PZQ is vasoactive over the micromolar range in mesenteric arteries although the molecular mediators of this effect remain to be identified. These data expand our knowledge of the polypharmacology and host vascular efficacy of this clinically important anthelmintic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihan S. Gunaratne
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Nawal A. Yahya
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Peter I. Dosa
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Jonathan S. Marchant
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, United States of America
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Zhang J, Yin J, Wang Y, Li B, Zeng X. Apelin impairs myogenic response to induce diabetic nephropathy in mice. FASEB J 2018. [PMID: 29522374 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701257r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The cause of the invalid reaction of smooth muscle cells to mechanical stimulation that results in a dysfunctional myogenic response that mediates the disruption of renal blood flow (RBF) in patients with diabetes is debatable. The present study revealed that increased apelin concentration in serum of diabetic mice neutralized the myogenic response mediated by apelin receptor (APJ) and resulted in increased RBF, which promoted the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The results showed that apelin concentration, RBF, and albuminuria:creatinine ratio were all increased in kkAy mice, and increased RBF correlated positively with serum apelin both in C57 and diabetic mice. The increased RBF was accompanied by decreased phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC), β-arrestin, and increased endothelial NOS in glomeruli. Meanwhile, calcium, phosphorylation of MLC, and β-arrestin were decreased by high glucose and apelin treatment in cultured smooth muscle cells, as well. eNOS was increased by high glucose and increased by apelin in cultured endothelial cells (ECs). Knockdown of β-arrestin expression in smooth muscle cells cancelled phosphorylation of MLC induced by apelin. Therefore, apelin may induce the progression of diabetic nephropathy by counteracting the myogenic response in smooth muscle cells.-Zhang, J., Yin, J., Wang, Y., Li, B., Zeng, X. Apelin impairs myogenic response to induce diabetic nephropathy in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiming Yin
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangjia Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangjun Zeng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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32
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Holmberg J, Bhattachariya A, Alajbegovic A, Rippe C, Ekman M, Dahan D, Hien TT, Boettger T, Braun T, Swärd K, Hellstrand P, Albinsson S. Loss of Vascular Myogenic Tone in miR-143/145 Knockout Mice Is Associated With Hypertension-Induced Vascular Lesions in Small Mesenteric Arteries. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:414-424. [PMID: 29217510 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pressure-induced myogenic tone is involved in autoregulation of local blood flow and confers protection against excessive pressure levels in small arteries and capillaries. Myogenic tone is dependent on smooth muscle microRNAs (miRNAs), but the identity of these miRNAs is unclear. Furthermore, the consequences of altered myogenic tone for hypertension-induced damage to small arteries are not well understood. APPROACH AND RESULTS The importance of smooth muscle-enriched microRNAs, miR-143/145, for myogenic tone was evaluated in miR-143/145 knockout mice. Furthermore, hypertension-induced vascular injury was evaluated in mesenteric arteries in vivo after angiotensin II infusion. Myogenic tone was abolished in miR-143/145 knockout mesenteric arteries, whereas contraction in response to calyculin A and potassium chloride was reduced by ≈30%. Furthermore, myogenic responsiveness was potentiated by angiotensin II in wild-type but not in knockout mice. Angiotensin II administration in vivo elevated systemic blood pressure in both genotypes. Hypertensive knockout mice developed severe vascular lesions characterized by vascular inflammation, adventitial fibrosis, and neointimal hyperplasia in small mesenteric arteries. This was associated with depolymerization of actin filaments and fragmentation of the elastic laminae at the sites of vascular lesions. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that miR-143/145 expression is essential for myogenic responsiveness. During hypertension, loss of myogenic tone results in potentially damaging levels of mechanical stress and detrimental effects on small arteries. The results presented herein provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of vascular disease and emphasize the importance of controlling mechanical factors to maintain structural integrity of the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Holmberg
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Anirban Bhattachariya
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Azra Alajbegovic
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Catarina Rippe
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Mari Ekman
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Diana Dahan
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Tran Thi Hien
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Thomas Boettger
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Thomas Braun
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Karl Swärd
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Per Hellstrand
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun)
| | - Sebastian Albinsson
- From the Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden (J.H., A.B., A.A., C.R., M.E., D.D., T.T.H., K.S., P.H., S.A.); and Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T. Boettger, T. Braun).
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Sexual dimorphism of metabolic and vascular dysfunction in aged mice and those lacking the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3. Exp Gerontol 2017; 99:87-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Baratchi S, Khoshmanesh K, Woodman OL, Potocnik S, Peter K, McIntyre P. Molecular Sensors of Blood Flow in Endothelial Cells. Trends Mol Med 2017; 23:850-868. [PMID: 28811171 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical stress from blood flow has a significant effect on endothelial physiology, with a key role in initiating vasoregulatory signals. Disturbances in blood flow, such as in regions of disease-associated stenosis, arterial branch points, and sharp turns, can induce proatherogenic phenotypes in endothelial cells. The disruption of vascular homeostasis as a result of endothelial dysfunction may contribute to early and late stages of atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of coronary artery disease. In-depth knowledge of the mechanobiology of endothelial cells is essential to identifying mechanosensory complexes involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this review, we describe different blood flow patterns and summarize current knowledge on mechanosensory molecules regulating endothelial vasoregulatory functions, with clinical implications. Such information may help in the search for novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Baratchi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | | | - Owen L Woodman
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Simon Potocnik
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Peter McIntyre
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia
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35
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3% NaCl adenosine, lidocaine, Mg2+ (ALM) bolus and 4 hours "drip" infusion reduces noncompressible hemorrhage by 60% in a rat model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2017; 82:1063-1072. [PMID: 28520687 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noncompressible torso hemorrhage is the leading cause of potentially survivable trauma in far-forward combat environments. Our aim was to examine the effect of small-volume 3% NaCl adenosine, lidocaine, and Mg (ALM) bolus and 0.9% NaCl/ALM "drip" on survivability and cardiac/gut/kidney function in a rat model of hepatic hemorrhage and shock. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (428 ± 4 g) were anesthetized and randomly assigned to one of five groups (n = 16): (1) Sham, (2) No treatment, (3) Saline controls, (4) ALM therapy, and (5) Hextend. Animals were ventilated, instrumented with single or double laparotomy for tissue probe insertion, and hemorrhage induced by liver resection. After 15 minutes, a single 3% NaCl ± ALM bolus (0.7 ml/kg) was injected IV (phase 1) and after 60 minutes, 4 hours 0.9% NaCl ± ALM stabilization "drip" (0.5 ml/kg/h) was administered (phase 2), with 1-hour monitoring. RESULTS Mortality for Shams (no resection) was 0% (25%); No treatment, 87.5% (100%); Saline controls, 37.5% (75%); ALM therapy, 0% (25%), and Hextend, 87.5% (100%) (double laparotomy in parentheses). Hextend-treated animals died during the first 20 minutes of phase 2. A single ALM bolus during phase 1 led to a 2.4-fold higher cardiac output and improved hemodynamics. 3% NaCl ALM bolus increased tissue pO2 and flow in gut and kidney during phase 1 and, during ALM "drip" in phase 2, tissue pO2 decreased but flow continued to rise, indicating increased tissue O2 extraction and delivery. During phase 2, CO, ejection fraction, and fractional shortening decreased and were erratic in all groups except ALM treatment. ALM therapy led to up to 60% less bleeding over 6 hours compared to Saline controls and 75% less bleeding than Hextend. CONCLUSIONS Small-volume ALM therapy significantly reduced mortality and internal bleeding compared to Saline controls or Hextend-treated rats. Hextend increased mortality, severe bleeding, and microvascular-organ injury.
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Kaur H, Carvalho J, Looso M, Singh P, Chennupati R, Preussner J, Günther S, Albarrán-Juárez J, Tischner D, Classen S, Offermanns S, Wettschureck N. Single-cell profiling reveals heterogeneity and functional patterning of GPCR expression in the vascular system. Nat Commun 2017. [PMID: 28621310 PMCID: PMC5481776 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expression is extensively studied in bulk cDNA, but heterogeneity and functional patterning of GPCR expression in individual vascular cells is poorly understood. Here, we perform a microfluidic-based single-cell GPCR expression analysis in primary smooth muscle cells (SMC) and endothelial cells (EC). GPCR expression is highly heterogeneous in all cell types, which is confirmed in reporter mice, on the protein level and in human cells. Inflammatory activation in murine models of sepsis or atherosclerosis results in characteristic changes in the GPCR repertoire, and we identify functionally relevant subgroups of cells that are characterized by specific GPCR patterns. We further show that dedifferentiating SMC upregulate GPCRs such as Gpr39, Gprc5b, Gprc5c or Gpr124, and that selective targeting of Gprc5b modulates their differentiation state. Taken together, single-cell profiling identifies receptors expressed on pathologically relevant subpopulations and provides a basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies in vascular diseases. GPCRs are key regulators of vascular functions. By analysing single-cell GPCRs expression in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells from healthy and diseased murine vessels, Kaur et al. show that GPCR expression is highly heterogeneous in all cell types and that disease causes GPCR repertoire changes depending on cell type and vascular localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - J Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - M Looso
- ECCPS Bioinformatics Facility, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - P Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - R Chennupati
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - J Preussner
- ECCPS Bioinformatics Facility, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - S Günther
- ECCPS Deep sequencing platform, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - J Albarrán-Juárez
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - D Tischner
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - S Classen
- Harvey Vascular Centre, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Benekestraße 2-8, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - S Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Medical Faculty, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - N Wettschureck
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstr 43, 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Medical Faculty, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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Raignault A, Bolduc V, Lesage F, Thorin E. Pulse pressure-dependent cerebrovascular eNOS regulation in mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:413-424. [PMID: 26823473 PMCID: PMC5381440 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16629155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Arterial blood pressure is oscillatory; whether pulse pressure (PP) regulates cerebral artery myogenic tone (MT) and endothelial function is currently unknown. To test the impact of PP on MT and dilation to flow (FMD) or to acetylcholine (Ach), isolated pressurized mouse posterior cerebral arteries were subjected to either static pressure (SP) or a physiological PP (amplitude: 30 mm Hg; frequency: 550 bpm). Under PP, MT was significantly higher than in SP conditions ( p < 0.05) and was not affected by eNOS inhibition. In contrast, under SP, eNOS inhibition increased ( p < 0.05) MT to levels observed under PP, suggesting that PP may inhibit eNOS. At a shear stress of 20 dyn/cm2, FMD was lower ( p < 0.05) under SP than PP. Under SP, eNOS-dependent [Formula: see text] production contributed to FMD, while under PP, eNOS-dependent NO was responsible for FMD, indicating that PP favours eNOS coupling. Differences in FMD between pressure conditions were abolished after NOX2 inhibition. In contrast to FMD, Ach-induced dilations were higher ( p < 0.05) under SP than PP. Reactive oxygen species scavenging reduced ( p < 0.05) Ach-dependent dilations under SP, but increased ( p < 0.05) them under PP; hence, under PP, Ach promotes ROS production and limits eNOS-derived NO activity. In conclusion, PP finely regulates eNOS, controlling cerebral artery reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Raignault
- 1 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,2 Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Virginie Bolduc
- 1 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,2 Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Lesage
- 2 Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,3 Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Thorin
- 1 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,2 Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,4 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Hong K, Zhao G, Hong Z, Sun Z, Yang Y, Clifford PS, Davis MJ, Meininger GA, Hill MA. Mechanical activation of angiotensin II type 1 receptors causes actin remodelling and myogenic responsiveness in skeletal muscle arterioles. J Physiol 2016; 594:7027-7047. [PMID: 27531064 PMCID: PMC5134373 DOI: 10.1113/jp272834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Candesartan, an inverse agonist of the type 1 angiotensin II receptor (AT1 R), causes a concentration-dependent inhibition of pressure-dependent myogenic tone consistent with previous reports of mechanosensitivity of this G protein-coupled receptor. Mechanoactivation of the AT1 R occurs independently of local angiotensin II production and the type 2 angiotensin receptor. Mechanoactivation of the AT1 R stimulates actin polymerization by a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism, but independently of a change in intracellular Ca2+ . Using atomic force microscopy, changes in single vascular smooth muscle cell cortical actin are observed to remodel following mechanoactivation of the AT1 R. ABSTRACT The Gq/11 protein-coupled angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1 R) has been shown to be activated by mechanical stimuli. In the vascular system, evidence supports the AT1 R being a mechanosensor that contributes to arteriolar myogenic constriction. The aim of this study was to determine if AT1 R mechanoactivation affects myogenic constriction in skeletal muscle arterioles and to determine underlying cellular mechanisms. Using pressure myography to study rat isolated first-order cremaster muscle arterioles the AT1 R inhibitor candesartan (10-7 -10-5 m) showed partial but concentration-dependent inhibition of myogenic reactivity. Inhibition was demonstrated by a rightward shift in the pressure-diameter relationship over the intraluminal pressure range, 30-110 mmHg. Pressure-induced changes in global vascular smooth muscle intracellular Ca2+ (using Fura-2) were similar in the absence or presence of candesartan, indicating that AT1 R-mediated myogenic constriction relies on Ca2+ -independent downstream signalling. The diacylglycerol analogue 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG) reversed the inhibitory effect of candesartan, while this rescue effect was prevented by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF 109203X. Both candesartan and PKC inhibition caused increased G-actin levels, as determined by Western blotting of vessel lysates, supporting involvement of cytoskeletal remodelling. At the single vascular smooth muscle cell level, atomic force microscopy showed that cell swelling (stretch) with hypotonic buffer also caused thickening of cortical actin fibres and this was blocked by candesartan. Collectively, the present studies support growing evidence for novel modes of activation of the AT1 R in arterioles and suggest that mechanically activated AT1 R generates diacylglycerol, which in turn activates PKC which induces the actin cytoskeleton reorganization that is required for pressure-induced vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangseok Hong
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CentreUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Centre and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological PhysicsUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22908USA
| | - Guiling Zhao
- College of Applied Health SciencesUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60612USA
| | - Zhongkui Hong
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CentreUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of South DakotaSioux FallsSD57107USA
| | - Zhe Sun
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CentreUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
| | - Yan Yang
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CentreUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
| | - Philip S. Clifford
- College of Applied Health SciencesUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60612USA
| | - Michael J. Davis
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CentreUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
| | - Gerald A. Meininger
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CentreUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
| | - Michael A. Hill
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research CentreUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA
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Pesce M, Messina E, Chimenti I, Beltrami AP. Cardiac Mechanoperception: A Life-Long Story from Early Beats to Aging and Failure. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 26:77-90. [PMID: 27736363 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The life-long story of the heart starts concomitantly with primary differentiation events occurring in multipotent progenitors located in the so-called heart tube. This initially tubular structure starts a looping process, which leads to formation of the final four-chambered heart with a primary contribution of geometric and position-associated cell sensing. While this establishes the correct patterning of the final cardiac structure, it also provides feedbacks to fundamental cellular machineries controlling proliferation and differentiation, thus ensuring a coordinated restriction of cell growth and a myocyte terminal differentiation. Novel evidences provided by embryological and cell engineering studies have clarified the relevance of mechanics-supported position sensing for the correct recognition of cell fate inside developing embryos and multicellular aggregates. One of the main components of this pathway, the Hippo-dependent signal transduction machinery, is responsible for cell mechanics intracellular transduction with important consequences for gene transcription and cell growth control. Being the Hippo pathway also directly connected to stress responses and altered metabolism, it is tempting to speculate that permanent alterations of mechanosensing may account for modifying self-renewal control in tissue homeostasis. In the present contribution, we translate these concepts to the aging process and the failing of the human heart, two pathophysiologic conditions that are strongly affected by stress responses and altered metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Pesce
- 1 Tissue Engineering Research Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS , Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Messina
- 2 Department of Pediatric Cardiology, "Sapienza" University , Rome, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- 3 Department of Medical Surgical Science and Biotechnology, "Sapienza" University , Rome, Italy
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Jie L, Owens EA, Plante LA, Fang Z, Rensing DT, Moeller KD, Osei-Owusu P. RGS2 squelches vascular Gi/o and Gq signaling to modulate myogenic tone and promote uterine blood flow. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/2/e12692. [PMID: 26811058 PMCID: PMC4760385 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine artery blood flow (UABF) is critical to maintaining uterine perfusion in nonpregnant states and for uteroplacental delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus during pregnancy. Impaired UABF is implicated in infertility and several pregnancy complications including fetal growth restriction, small for gestational age, and preeclampsia. The etiology of abnormal UABF is not known. Here, we determined whether deficiency or loss of RGS2, a GTPase-activating protein for Gq/11 and Gi/o class G proteins, affects UABF in nonpregnant mice. We used Doppler ultrasonography to assess UABF in wild type (WT), Rgs2 heterozygous (Rgs2+/-), and homozygous knockout (Rgs2-/-) mice. Video microscopy was used for ex vivo examination of uterine artery myogenic tone and fura-2 imaging for in vitro assessment of internal stores Ca(2+) release. We found that baseline UABF velocity was markedly decreased while impedance measured as resistive index (WT = 0.58 ± 0.04 vs. Rgs2-/- = 0.71 ± 0.03, P < 0.01) and pulsatile index (WT = 0.90 ± 0.06 vs. Rgs2-/- = 1.25 ± 0.11, P < 0.01) was increased in Rgs2-/- mice. Uterine artery tone was augmented in Rgs2+/- and Rgs2-/- mice, which was normalized to WT levels following Gi/o and Gq inactivation. Conversely, blockade of ryanodine receptors increased WT myogenic tone to RGS2 mutant levels. The data together indicate that RGS2 deficiency decreases UABF by increasing myogenic tone at least partly through prolonged G protein activation. Mutations that decrease vascular RGS2 expression may be a predisposition to decreased uterine blood flow. Targeting G protein signaling therefore might improve uterine and uteroplacental underperfusion disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jie
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Elizabeth A Owens
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren A Plante
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Zhuyuan Fang
- Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Derek T Rensing
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kevin D Moeller
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Patrick Osei-Owusu
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Mallat Z, Tedgui A, Henrion D. Role of Microvascular Tone and Extracellular Matrix Contraction in the Regulation of Interstitial Fluid: Implications for Aortic Dissection. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1742-7. [PMID: 27444198 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of aortic dissection is poorly understood, and its risk is resistant to medical treatment. Most studies have focused on a proposed pathogenic role of transforming growth factor-β in Marfan disease and related thoracic aortic aneurysms and aortic dissections. However, clinical testing of this concept using angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists to block transforming growth factor-β signaling fell short of promise. Genetic mutations that predispose to thoracic aortic aneurysms and aortic dissections affect components of the extracellular matrix and proteins involved in cellular force generation. Thus, a role for dysfunctional mechanosensing in abnormal aortic wall remodeling is emerging. However, how abnormal mechanosensing leads to aortic dissection remains a mystery. Here, we review current knowledge about the regulation of interstitial fluid dynamics and myogenic tone and propose that alteration in contractile force reduces vascular tone in the microcirculation (here, aortic vasa vasorum) and leads to elevations of blood flow, transmural pressure, and fluid flux into the surrounding aortic media. Furthermore, reduced contractile force in medial smooth muscle cells coupled with alteration of structural components of the extracellular matrix limits extracellular matrix contraction, further promoting the formation of intramural edema, a critical step in the initiation of aortic dissection. The concept is supported by several pathophysiological and clinical observations. A direct implication of this concept is that drugs that lower blood pressure and limit interstitial fluid accumulation while preserving or increasing microvascular tone would limit the risk of dissection. In contrast, drugs that substantially lower microvascular tone would be ineffective or may accelerate the disease and precipitate aortic dissection.
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MESH Headings
- Aortic Dissection/metabolism
- Aortic Dissection/pathology
- Aortic Dissection/physiopathology
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Dilatation, Pathologic
- Extracellular Fluid/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- Microcirculation
- Microvessels/metabolism
- Microvessels/pathology
- Microvessels/physiopathology
- Models, Biological
- Models, Cardiovascular
- Pressure
- Vasoconstriction
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Mallat
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U970, Paris, France (Z.M., A.T.); and Inserm U1083, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifque (CNRS) UMR6214, Laboratoire de Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée, Angers, France (D.H.).
| | - Alain Tedgui
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U970, Paris, France (Z.M., A.T.); and Inserm U1083, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifque (CNRS) UMR6214, Laboratoire de Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée, Angers, France (D.H.)
| | - Daniel Henrion
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U970, Paris, France (Z.M., A.T.); and Inserm U1083, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifque (CNRS) UMR6214, Laboratoire de Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée, Angers, France (D.H.)
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Kauffenstein G, Tamareille S, Prunier F, Roy C, Ayer A, Toutain B, Billaud M, Isakson BE, Grimaud L, Loufrani L, Rousseau P, Abraham P, Procaccio V, Monyer H, de Wit C, Boeynaems JM, Robaye B, Kwak BR, Henrion D. Central Role of P2Y6 UDP Receptor in Arteriolar Myogenic Tone. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1598-606. [PMID: 27255725 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myogenic tone (MT) of resistance arteries ensures autoregulation of blood flow in organs and relies on the intrinsic property of smooth muscle to contract in response to stretch. Nucleotides released by mechanical strain on cells are responsible for pleiotropic vascular effects, including vasoconstriction. Here, we evaluated the contribution of extracellular nucleotides to MT. APPROACH AND RESULTS We measured MT and the associated pathway in mouse mesenteric resistance arteries using arteriography for small arteries and molecular biology. Of the P2 receptors in mouse mesenteric resistance arteries, mRNA expression of P2X1 and P2Y6 was dominant. P2Y6 fully sustained UDP/UTP-induced contraction (abrogated in P2ry6(-/-) arteries). Preventing nucleotide hydrolysis with the ectonucleotidase inhibitor ARL67156 enhanced pressure-induced MT by 20%, whereas P2Y6 receptor blockade blunted MT in mouse mesenteric resistance arteries and human subcutaneous arteries. Despite normal hemodynamic parameters, P2ry6(-/-) mice were protected against MT elevation in myocardial infarction-induced heart failure. Although both P2Y6 and P2Y2 receptors contributed to calcium mobilization, P2Y6 activation was mandatory for RhoA-GTP binding, myosin light chain, P42-P44, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation in arterial smooth muscle cells. In accordance with the opening of a nucleotide conduit in pressurized arteries, MT was altered by hemichannel pharmacological inhibitors and impaired in Cx43(+/-) and P2rx7(-/-) mesenteric resistance arteries. CONCLUSIONS Signaling through P2 nucleotide receptors contributes to MT. This mechanism encompasses the release of nucleotides coupled to specific autocrine/paracrine activation of the uracil nucleotide P2Y6 receptor and may contribute to impaired tissue perfusion in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Kauffenstein
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.).
| | - Sophie Tamareille
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Fabrice Prunier
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Charlotte Roy
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Audrey Ayer
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Bertrand Toutain
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Marie Billaud
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Brant E Isakson
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Linda Grimaud
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Laurent Loufrani
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Pascal Rousseau
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Pierre Abraham
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Hannah Monyer
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Cor de Wit
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Jean-Marie Boeynaems
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Bernard Robaye
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Brenda R Kwak
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Daniel Henrion
- From the MITOVASC Institute, CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083 (G.K., C.R., A.A., B.T., L.G., L.L., P.A., V.P., D.H.) and EA 3860 Cardioprotection Remodelage et Thrombose, University of Angers, Angers, France (S.T., F.P.); Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.B., B.E.I.); University Hospital Angers, Angers, France (G.K., P.R., P.A., V.P.); Department of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (H.M.); Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck and Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Lübeck, Germany (C.d.W.); Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium (J.-M.B., B.R.); and Departments of Pathology and Immunology and Medical Specializations - Cardiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
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Chung Y. Myocardial Po2 does not limit aerobic metabolism in the postischemic heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 310:H226-38. [PMID: 26589325 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00335.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reperfused hypertrophic hearts are prone to develop reflow abnormalities, which are likely to impair O2 return to the myocardium. Yet, reflow deficit may not be the only factor determining postischemic oxygenation in the hypertrophic heart. Altered O2 demand may also contribute to hypoxia. In addition, the extent to which myocardial Po2 dictates energy and functional recovery in the reperfused heart remains uncertain. In the present study, moderately hypertrophied hearts from spontaneously hypertensive rats were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion, and the recovery time courses of pH and high-energy phosphates were followed by (31)P NMR. (1)H NMR measurement of intracellular myoglobin assessed tissue O2 levels. The present study found that the exacerbation of hypoxia in the postischemic spontaneously hypertensive rat heart arises mostly from impaired microvascular supply of O2. However, postischemic myocardial Po2, at least when it exceeds ∼18% of the preischemic level, does not limit mitochondrial respiration and high-energy phosphate resynthesis. It only passively reflects changes in the O2 supply-demand balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngran Chung
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
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Pries AR, Badimon L, Bugiardini R, Camici PG, Dorobantu M, Duncker DJ, Escaned J, Koller A, Piek JJ, de Wit C. Coronary vascular regulation, remodelling, and collateralization: mechanisms and clinical implications on behalf of the working group on coronary pathophysiology and microcirculation. Eur Heart J 2015; 36:3134-46. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Albinsson S, Bhattachariya A, Hellstrand P. Stretch-dependent smooth muscle differentiation in the portal vein-role of actin polymerization, calcium signaling, and microRNAs. Microcirculation 2015; 21:230-8. [PMID: 24238368 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical forces acting on SMC in the vascular wall are known to regulate processes such as vascular remodeling and contractile differentiation. However, investigations to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of mechanotransduction in smooth muscle have been hampered by technical limitations associated with mechanical studies on pressurized small arteries, due primarily to the small amount of available tissue. The murine portal vein is a relatively large vessel showing myogenic tone that in many respects recapitulates the properties of small resistance vessels. Studies on stretched portal veins to elucidate mechanisms of mechanotransduction in the vascular wall have shown that stretch-sensitive regulation of contractile differentiation is mediated via Rho-activation and actin polymerization, while stretch-induced growth is regulated by the MAPK pathway. In this review, we have summarized findings on mechanotransduction in the portal vein with focus on stretch-induced contractile differentiation and the role of calcium, actin polymerization and miRNAs in this response.
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Osei-Owusu P, Blumer KJ. Regulator of G Protein Signaling 2: A Versatile Regulator of Vascular Function. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 133:77-92. [PMID: 26123303 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins of the B/R4 family are widely expressed in the cardiovascular system where their role in fine-tuning G protein signaling is critical to maintaining homeostasis. Among members of this family, RGS2 and RGS5 have been shown to play key roles in cardiac and smooth muscle function by tightly regulating signaling pathways that are activated through Gq/11 and Gi/o classes of heterotrimeric G proteins. This chapter reviews accumulating evidence supporting a key role for RGS2 in vascular function and the implication of changes in RGS2 function and/or expression in the pathogenesis of blood pressure disorders, particularly hypertension. With such understanding, RGS2 and the signaling pathways it controls may emerge as novel targets for developing next-generation antihypertensive drugs/agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Osei-Owusu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Kendall J Blumer
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Fernández-Velasco M, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Gómez AM, Rueda A. Ca(2+) handling alterations and vascular dysfunction in diabetes. Cell Calcium 2014; 56:397-407. [PMID: 25218935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
More than 65% of patients with diabetes mellitus die from cardiovascular disease or stroke. Hyperglycemia, due to either reduced insulin secretion or reduced insulin sensitivity, is the hallmark feature of diabetes mellitus. Vascular dysfunction is a distinctive phenotype found in both types of diabetes and could be responsible for the high incidence of stroke, heart attack, and organ damage in diabetic patients. In addition to well-documented endothelial dysfunction, Ca(2+) handling alterations in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a key role in the development and progression of vascular complications in diabetes. VSMCs provide not only structural integrity to the vessels but also control myogenic arterial tone and systemic blood pressure through global and local Ca(2+) signaling. The Ca(2+) signalosome of VSMCs is integrated by an extensive number of Ca(2+) handling proteins (i.e. channels, pumps, exchangers) and related signal transduction components, whose function is modulated by endothelial effectors. This review summarizes recent findings concerning alterations in endothelium and VSMC Ca(2+) signaling proteins that may contribute to the vascular dysfunction found in the diabetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Unidad de Hipertensión, Instituto de Investigación imas12, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Gómez
- Inserm, UMR S769, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Sud, Labex LERMIT, DHU TORINO, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Angélica Rueda
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México City, Mexico.
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Kauffenstein G, Pizard A, Le Corre Y, Vessières E, Grimaud L, Toutain B, Labat C, Mauras Y, Gorgels TG, Bergen AA, Le Saux O, Lacolley P, Lefthériotis G, Henrion D, Martin L. Disseminated arterial calcification and enhanced myogenic response are associated with abcc6 deficiency in a mouse model of pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1045-56. [PMID: 24675664 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.302943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pseudoxanthoma elasticum is an inherited metabolic disorder resulting from ABCC6 gene mutations. It is characterized by progressive calcification and fragmentation of elastic fibers in the skin, retina, and the arterial wall. Despite calcium accumulation in the arteries of patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum, functional consequences remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated arterial structure and function in Abcc6(-/-) mice, a model of the human disease. APPROACH AND RESULTS Arterial calcium accumulation was evaluated using alizarin red stain and atomic absorption spectrometry. Expression of genes involved in osteochondrogenic differentiation was measured by polymerase chain reaction. Elastic arterial properties were evaluated by carotid echotracking. Vascular reactivity was evaluated using wire and pressure myography and remodeling using histomorphometry. Arterial calcium accumulation was 1.5- to 2-fold higher in Abcc6(-/-) than in wild-type mice. Calcium accumulated locally leading to punctuate pattern. Old Abcc6(-/-) arteries expressed markers of both osteogenic (Runx2, osteopontin) and chondrogenic lineage (Sox9, type II collagen). Abcc6(-/-) arteries displayed slight increase in arterial stiffness and vasoconstrictor tone in vitro tended to be higher in response to phenylephrine and thromboxane A2. Pressure-induced (myogenic) tone was significantly higher in Abcc6(-/-) arteries than in wild type. Arterial blood pressure was not significantly changed in Abcc6(-/-), despite higher variability. CONCLUSIONS Scattered arterial calcium depositions are probably a result of osteochondrogenic transdifferentiation of vascular cells. Lower elasticity and increased myogenic tone without major changes in agonist-dependent contraction evidenced in aged Abcc6(-/-) mice suggest a reduced control of local blood flow, which in turn may alter vascular homeostasis in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Kauffenstein
- From the CNRS UMR 6214, INSERM U1083, l'UNAM (G.K., Y.L.C., E.V., L.G., B.T., G.L., D.H., L.M.) and Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, l'UNAM, Université d'Angers (Y.M.), University Hospital Angers, Angers, France; INSERM, U1116 (A.P., C.L., P.L.), Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI (O.L.S.); Molecular Ophthalmogenetics, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (T.G.G., A.A.B.); and Departments of Ophthalmology (A.A.B.) and Clinical Genetics (A.A.B.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Tajada S, Cidad P, Colinas O, Santana LF, López-López JR, Pérez-García MT. Down-regulation of CaV1.2 channels during hypertension: how fewer CaV1.2 channels allow more Ca(2+) into hypertensive arterial smooth muscle. J Physiol 2013; 591:6175-91. [PMID: 24167226 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.265751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a clinical syndrome characterized by increased arterial tone. Although the mechanisms are varied, the generally accepted view is that increased CaV1.2 channel function is a common feature of this pathological condition. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying vascular dysfunction in a mouse model of genetic hypertension. Contrary to expectation, we found that whole-cell CaV1.2 currents (ICa) were lower in hypertensive (BPH line) than normotensive (BPN line) myocytes. However, local CaV1.2 sparklet activity was higher in BPH cells, suggesting that the relatively low ICa in these cells was produced by a few hyperactive CaV1.2 channels. Furthermore, our data suggest that while the lower expression of the pore-forming α1c subunit of CaV1.2 currents underlies the lower ICa in BPH myocytes, the increased sparklet activity was due to a different composition in the auxiliary subunits of the CaV1.2 complexes. ICa currents in BPN cells were produced by channels composed of α1c/α2δ/β3 subunits, while in BPH myocytes currents were probably generated by the opening of channels formed by α1c/α2δ/β2 subunits. In addition, Ca(2+) sparks evoked large conductance, Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK) currents of lower magnitude in BPH than in BPN myocytes, because BK channels were less sensitive to Ca(2+). Our data are consistent with a model in which a decrease in the global number of CaV1.2 currents coexist with the existence of a subpopulation of highly active channels that dominate the resting Ca(2+) influx. The decrease in BK channel activity makes the hyperpolarizing brake ineffective and leads BPH myocytes to a more contracted resting state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sendoa Tajada
- Jose R. López-López: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Edificio IBGM, c/ Sanz y Forés s/n, 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
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Shahid M, Buys ES. Assessing murine resistance artery function using pressure myography. J Vis Exp 2013. [PMID: 23770818 DOI: 10.3791/50328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure myograph systems are exquisitely useful in the functional assessment of small arteries, pressurized to a suitable transmural pressure. The near physiological condition achieved in pressure myography permits in-depth characterization of intrinsic responses to pharmacological and physiological stimuli, which can be extrapolated to the in vivo behavior of the vascular bed. Pressure myograph has several advantages over conventional wire myographs. For example, smaller resistance vessels can be studied at tightly controlled and physiologically relevant intraluminal pressures. Here, we study the ability of 3(rd) order mesenteric arteries (3-4 mm long), preconstricted with phenylephrine, to vaso-relax in response to acetylcholine. Mesenteric arteries are mounted on two cannulas connected to a pressurized and sealed system that is maintained at constant pressure of 60 mmHg. The lumen and outer diameter of the vessel are continuously recorded using a video camera, allowing real time quantification of the vasoconstriction and vasorelaxation in response to phenylephrine and acetylcholine, respectively. To demonstrate the applicability of pressure myography to study the etiology of cardiovascular disease, we assessed endothelium-dependent vascular function in a murine model of systemic hypertension. Mice deficient in the α1 subunit of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGCα1(-/-)) are hypertensive when on a 129S6 (S6) background (sGCα1(-/-S6)) but not when on a C57BL/6 (B6) background (sGCα1(-/-B6)). Using pressure myography, we demonstrate that sGCα1-deficiency results in impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. The vascular dysfunction is more pronounced in sGCα1(-/-S6) than in sGCα1(-/-B6) mice, likely contributing to the higher blood pressure in sGCα1(-/-S6) than in sGCα1(-/-B6) mice. Pressure myography is a relatively simple, but sensitive and mechanistically useful technique that can be used to assess the effect of various stimuli on vascular contraction and relaxation, thereby augmenting our insight into the mechanisms underlying cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Shahid
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School.
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