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Su L, Zhu F, Zhang J, Cao EZ, Yang C, Sun H, Jiang X, Wang X, Wang J, Peng Z. Protein Kinase N1 Level Predicts Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study. Blood Purif 2024; 53:465-475. [PMID: 38228111 DOI: 10.1159/000536225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to examine the utility of protein kinase N1 (PKN1) as a biomarker of cardiac surgery-associated AKI (CSA-AKI). METHODS A prospective cohort study of 110 adults undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery was conducted. The associations between post-operative PKN1 and CSA-AKI, AKI severity, need for renal replacement therapy (RRT), duration of AKI, length of ICU stay, and post-operative hospital stay were evaluated. RESULTS Patients were categorized into three groups according to PKN1 tertiles. The incidence of CSA-AKI in the third tertile was 3.4-fold higher than that in the first. PKN1 was an independent risk factor for CSA-AKI. The discrimination of PKN1 to CSA-AKI assessed by ROC curve indicated that the AUC was 0.70, and the best cutoff was 5.025 ng/mL. This group (>5.025 ng/mL) was more likely to develop CSA-AKI (p < 0.001). The combined AUC of EuroSCORE, aortic cross-clamp time, and PKN1 was 0.82 (p < 0.001). A higher level of PKN1 was related to increased need for RRT, longer duration of AKI, and length of ICU and post-operative hospital stays. CONCLUSIONS PKN1 could be a potential biomarker for the prediction of CSA-AKI. The combination of PKN1, EuroSCORE, and aortic cross-clamp time was likely to predict the occurrence of CSA-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjiu Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fangfang Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Edward Z Cao
- Department of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haibing Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofang Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaozhan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Center of Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Emilsson V, Jonsson BG, Austin TR, Gudmundsdottir V, Axelsson GT, Frick EA, Jonmundsson T, Steindorsdottir AE, Loureiro J, Brody JA, Aspelund T, Launer LJ, Thorgeirsson G, Kortekaas KA, Lindeman JH, Orth AP, Lamb JR, Psaty BM, Kizer JR, Jennings LL, Gudnason V. Proteomic prediction of incident heart failure and its main subtypes. Eur J Heart Fail 2024; 26:87-102. [PMID: 37936531 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine the ability of serum proteins in predicting future heart failure (HF) events, including HF with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF or HFpEF), in relation to event time, and with or without considering established HF-associated clinical variables. METHODS AND RESULTS In the prospective population-based Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility Reykjavik Study (AGES-RS), 440 individuals developed HF after their first visit with a median follow-up of 5.45 years. Among them, 167 were diagnosed with HFrEF and 188 with HFpEF. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model with non-parametric bootstrap were used to select predictors from an analysis of 4782 serum proteins, and several pre-established clinical parameters linked to HF. A subset of 8-10 distinct or overlapping serum proteins predicted different future HF outcomes, and C-statistics were used to assess discrimination, revealing proteins combined with a C-index of 0.80 for all incident HF, 0.78 and 0.80 for incident HFpEF or HFrEF, respectively. In the AGES-RS, protein panels alone encompassed the risk contained in the clinical information and improved the performance characteristics of prediction models based on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and clinical risk factors. Finally, the protein predictors performed particularly well close to the time of an HF event, an outcome that was replicated in the Cardiovascular Health Study. CONCLUSION A small number of circulating proteins accurately predicted future HF in the AGES-RS cohort of older adults, and they alone encompass the risk information found in a collection of clinical data. Incident HF events were predicted up to 8 years, with predictor performance significantly improving for events occurring less than 1 year ahead, a finding replicated in an external cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valur Emilsson
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Thomas R Austin
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Valborg Gudmundsdottir
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | - Joseph Loureiro
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gudmundur Thorgeirsson
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kirsten A Kortekaas
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H Lindeman
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony P Orth
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Division of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, and Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lori L Jennings
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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3
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PKN2 deficiency leads both to prenatal congenital cardiomyopathy and defective angiotensin II stress responses. Biochem J 2022; 479:1467-1486. [PMID: 35730579 PMCID: PMC9342899 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The protein kinase PKN2 is required for embryonic development and PKN2 knockout mice die as a result of failure in the expansion of mesoderm, cardiac development and neural tube closure. In the adult, cardiomyocyte PKN2 and PKN1 (in combination) are required for cardiac adaptation to pressure-overload. The specific role of PKN2 in contractile cardiomyocytes during development and its role in the adult heart remain to be fully established. We used mice with cardiomyocyte-directed knockout of PKN2 or global PKN2 haploinsufficiency to assess cardiac development and function using high resolution episcopic microscopy, MRI, micro-CT and echocardiography. Biochemical and histological changes were also assessed. Cardiomyocyte-directed PKN2 knockout embryos displayed striking abnormalities in the compact myocardium, with frequent myocardial clefts and diverticula, ventricular septal defects and abnormal heart shape. The sub-Mendelian homozygous knockout survivors developed cardiac failure. RNASeq data showed up-regulation of PKN2 in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, suggesting an involvement in adult heart disease. Given the rarity of homozygous survivors with cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of PKN2, the requirement for PKN2 in adult mice was explored using the constitutive heterozygous PKN2 knockout. Cardiac hypertrophy resulting from hypertension induced by angiotensin II was reduced in these haploinsufficient PKN2 mice relative to wild-type littermates, with suppression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis. It is concluded that cardiomyocyte PKN2 is essential for heart development and the formation of compact myocardium and is also required for cardiac hypertrophy in hypertension. Thus, PKN signalling may offer therapeutic options for managing congenital and adult heart diseases.
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Huang A, Liu Y, Qi X, Chen S, Huang H, Zhang J, Han Z, Han ZC, Li Z. Intravenously transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells: a new endocrine reservoir for cardioprotection. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:253. [PMID: 35715868 PMCID: PMC9204704 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02922-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intravenous administration of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has an acknowledged competence of cardiac repair, despite a lack of systematic description of the underlying biological mechanisms. The lung, but not the heart, is the main trapped site for intravenously transplanted MSCs, which leaves a spatial gap between intravenously transplanted MSCs and the injured myocardium. How lung-trapped MSCs after intravenous transplantation rejuvenate the injured myocardium remains unknown. Methods MSCs were isolated from human placenta tissue, and DF-MSCs or Gluc-MSCs were generated by transduced with firefly luciferase (Fluc)/enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) or Gaussia luciferase (Gluc) lactadherin fusion protein. The therapeutic efficiency of intravenously transplanted MSCs was investigated in a murine model of doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity. Trans-organ communication from the lung to the heart with the delivery of blood was investigated by testing the release of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs), and the potential miRNA inner MSC-EVs were screened out and verified. The potential therapeutic miRNA inner MSC-EVs were then upregulated or downregulated to assess the further therapeutic efficiency Results Dox-induced cardiotoxicity, characterized by cardiac atrophy, left ventricular dysfunction, and injured myocardium, was alleviated by consecutive doses of MSCs. These cardioprotective effects might be attributed to suppressing GRP78 triggering endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Our results confirmed that miR-181a-5p from MSCs-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) inhibited GRP78. Intravenous DF-MSCs were trapped in lung vasculature, secreted a certain number of EVs into serum, which could be confirmed by the detection of eGFP+ EVs. GLuc activity was increased in serum EVs from mice administrated with GLuc-MSCs. MiR-181a-5p, inhibiting GRP78 with high efficacy, was highly expressed in serum EVs and myocardium after injecting consecutive doses of MSCs into mice treated with Dox. Finally, upregulation or downregulation of miR-181a-5p levels in MSC-EVs enhanced or weakened therapeutic effects on Dox-induced cardiotoxicity through modulating ER stress-induced apoptosis. Conclusions This study identifies intravenously transplanted MSCs, as an endocrine reservoir, to secrete cardioprotective EVs into blood continuously and gradually to confer the trans-organ communication that relieves Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02922-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Huang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, 190 Jieyuan Road, Tianjin, 300121, China.,The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Nankai University School of Medicine, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China.,The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, 190 Jieyuan Road, Tianjin, 300121, China.
| | - Shang Chen
- Nankai University School of Medicine, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Haoyan Huang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pain Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhibo Han
- Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Engineering Technologies for Cell Pharmaceutical, National Engineering Research Center of Cell Products, AmCellGene Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhong-Chao Han
- Jiangxi Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Engineering Technologies for Cell Pharmaceutical, National Engineering Research Center of Cell Products, AmCellGene Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- Nankai University School of Medicine, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, The College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. .,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
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5
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis of tPVAT during Ang II Infusion. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121820. [PMID: 34944635 PMCID: PMC8698607 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) homeostasis plays an important role in maintaining vascular function, and PVAT dysfunction may induce several pathophysiological situations. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of the local angiotensin II (Ang II) on PVAT. High-throughput comparative proteomic analysis, based on TMT labeling combined with LC-MS/MS, were performed on an in vivo Ang II infusion mice model to obtain a comprehensive view of the protein ensembles associated with thoracic PVAT (tPVAT) dysfunction induced by Ang II. In total, 5037 proteins were confidently identified, of which 4984 proteins were quantified. Compared with the saline group, 145 proteins were upregulated and 146 proteins were downregulated during Ang II-induced tPVAT pathogenesis. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that the most enriched GO terms were annotated as gene silencing, monosaccharide binding, and extracellular matrix. In addition, some novel proteins, potentially associated with Ang II infusion, were identified, such as acyl-CoA carboxylase α, very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSVL), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), perilipin, RAS protein-specific guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 (RasGRF2), and hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Ang II could directly participate in the regulation of lipid metabolism, transportation, and adipocyte differentiation by affecting UCP1 and perilipin. Importantly, the key KEGG pathways were involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, FABP3-PPARα/γ, RasGRF2-ERK-HIF-1α, RasGRF2-PKC-HIF-1α, and STAT3-HIF-1α axis. The present study provided the most comprehensive proteome profile of mice tPVAT and some novel insights into Ang II-mediated tPVAT dysfunction and will be helpful for understanding the possible relationship between local RAS activation and PVAT dysfunction.
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6
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Protein kinase C-mediated calcium signaling as the basis for cardiomyocyte plasticity. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 701:108817. [PMID: 33626379 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase C is the superfamily of intracellular effector molecules which control crucial cellular functions. Here, we for the first time did the percentage estimation of all known PKC and PKC-related isozymes at the individual cadiomyocyte level. Broad spectrum of PKC transcripts is expressed in the left ventricular myocytes. In addition to the well-known 'heart-specific' PKCα, cardiomyocytes have the high expression levels of PKCN1, PKCδ, PKCD2, PKCε. In general, we detected all PKC isoforms excluding PKCη. In cardiomyocytes PKC activity tonically regulates voltage-gated Ca2+-currents, intracellular Ca2+ level and nitric oxide (NO) production. Imidazoline receptor of the first type (I1R)-mediated induction of the PKC activity positively modulates Ca2+ release through ryanodine receptor (RyR), increasing the Ca2+ leakage in the cytosol. In cardiomyocytes with the Ca2+-overloaded regions of > 9-10 μm size, the local PKC-induced Ca2+ signaling is transformed to global accompanied by spontaneous Ca2+ waves propagation across the entire cell perimeter. Such switching of Ca2+ signaling in cardiac cells can be important for the development of several cardiovascular pathologies and/or myocardial plasticity at the cardiomyocyte level.
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7
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The structure and function of protein kinase C-related kinases (PRKs). Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:217-235. [PMID: 33522581 PMCID: PMC7925014 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The protein kinase C-related kinase (PRK) family of serine/threonine kinases, PRK1, PRK2 and PRK3, are effectors for the Rho family small G proteins. An array of studies have linked these kinases to multiple signalling pathways and physiological roles, but while PRK1 is relatively well-characterized, the entire PRK family remains understudied. Here, we provide a holistic overview of the structure and function of PRKs and describe the molecular events that govern activation and autoregulation of catalytic activity, including phosphorylation, protein interactions and lipid binding. We begin with a structural description of the regulatory and catalytic domains, which facilitates the understanding of their regulation in molecular detail. We then examine their diverse physiological roles in cytoskeletal reorganization, cell adhesion, chromatin remodelling, androgen receptor signalling, cell cycle regulation, the immune response, glucose metabolism and development, highlighting isoform redundancy but also isoform specificity. Finally, we consider the involvement of PRKs in pathologies, including cancer, heart disease and bacterial infections. The abundance of PRK-driven pathologies suggests that these enzymes will be good therapeutic targets and we briefly report some of the progress to date.
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8
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Fearing BV, Speer JE, Jing L, Kalathil A, P. Kelly M, M. Buchowski J, P. Zebala L, Luhmann S, C. Gupta M, A. Setton L. Verteporfin treatment controls morphology, phenotype, and global gene expression for cells of the human nucleus pulposus. JOR Spine 2020; 3:e1111. [PMID: 33392449 PMCID: PMC7770208 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells of the nucleus pulposus (NP) are essential contributors to extracellular matrix synthesis and function of the intervertebral disc. With age and degeneration, the NP becomes stiffer and more dehydrated, which is associated with a loss of phenotype and biosynthetic function for its resident NP cells. Also, with aging, the NP cell undergoes substantial morphological changes from a rounded shape with pronounced vacuoles in the neonate and juvenile, to one that is more flattened and spread with a loss of vacuoles. Here, we make use of the clinically relevant pharmacological treatment verteporfin (VP), previously identified as a disruptor of yes-associated protein-TEA domain family member-binding domain (TEAD) signaling, to promote morphological changes in adult human NP cells in order to study variations in gene expression related to differences in cell shape. Treatment of adult, degenerative human NP cells with VP caused a shift in morphology from a spread, fibroblastic-like shape to a rounded, clustered morphology with decreased transcriptional activity of TEAD and serum-response factor. These changes were accompanied by an increased expression of vacuoles, NP-specific gene markers, and biosynthetic activity. The contemporaneous observation of VP-induced changes in cell shape and prominent, time-dependent changes within the transcriptome of NP cells occurred over all timepoints in culture. Enriched gene sets with the transition to VP-induced cell rounding suggest a major role for cell adhesion, cytoskeletal remodeling, vacuolar lumen, and MAPK activity in the NP phenotypic and functional response to changes in cell shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey V. Fearing
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryAtrium Health Musculoskeletal InstituteCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Julie E. Speer
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Liufang Jing
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Aravind Kalathil
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Michael P. Kelly
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Jacob M. Buchowski
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Lukas P. Zebala
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Scott Luhmann
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Munish C. Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Lori A. Setton
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
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9
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Ruscitti P, Di Benedetto P, Berardicurti O, Panzera N, Grazia N, Lizzi AR, Cipriani P, Shoenfeld Y, Giacomelli R. Pro-inflammatory properties of H-ferritin on human macrophages, ex vivo and in vitro observations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12232. [PMID: 32699419 PMCID: PMC7376151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69031-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferritin is an iron-binding molecule, which comprises 24 subunits, heavy (FeH) and light (FeL) subunits, suggested to have a pathogenic role by the 'hyperferritinemic syndrome'. In this work, we tested (1) FeH and FeL in bone marrow (BM) and sera in patients with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS); (2) pro-inflammatory effects of ferritin, FeL, and FeH on macrophages; (3) ability of FeH-stimulated macrophages to stimulate the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs); (4) production of mature IL-1β and IL-12p70 in extracellular compartments of FeH-stimulated macrophages. Immunofluorescence analysis and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based proteomics were performed to identify FeL and FeH in BM and sera, respectively, in the same patients. Macrophages were stimulated with ferritin, FeH, and FeL to assess pro-inflammatory effects by RT-PCR and western blot. The proliferation of co-cultured PBMCs with FeH-stimulated macrophages was tested. Immunofluorescence showed an increased FeH expression in BMs, whereas LC-MS/MS identified that FeL was mainly represented in sera. FeH induced a significant increase of gene expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, more marked with FeH, which also stimulated NLRP3. FeH-stimulated macrophages enhanced the proliferation of PBMCs. The ELISA assays showed that mature form of IL-1β and IL-12p70 were increased, in extracellular compartments of FeH-stimulated macrophages. Our results showed FeH in BM biopsies of MAS patients, whereas, LC-MS/MS identified FeL in the sera. FeH showed pro-inflammatory effects on macrophages, stimulated NLRP3, and increased PBMCs proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Ruscitti
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, Via dell'Ospedale, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Paola Di Benedetto
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Onorina Berardicurti
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, Via dell'Ospedale, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Noemi Panzera
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Nicolò Grazia
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Lizzi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Paola Cipriani
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, Via dell'Ospedale, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Laboratory of the Mosaics of Autoimmunity, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Delta 6 Building, Via dell'Ospedale, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
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10
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Yao Y, Yang L, Feng LF, Yue ZW, Zhao NH, Li Z, He ZX. IGF-1C domain-modified hydrogel enhanced the efficacy of stem cells in the treatment of AMI. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:136. [PMID: 32216819 PMCID: PMC7098145 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01637-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the low survival rate of cell transplantation, stem cell has not been widely used in clinical treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we immobilized the C domain peptide of insulin-like growth factor-1 on chitosan (CS-IGF-1C) to obtain bioactive hydrogel. The purpose was to investigate whether CS-IGF-1C hydrogel incorporated with human placenta–derived mesenchymal stem cells (hP-MSCs) can boost the survival of hP-MSCs and enhance their therapeutic effects. Methods hP-MSCs, which continuously expressed green fluorescent protein (GFP) and firefly luciferase (Fluc), were transplanted with CS-IGF-1C hydrogel into a mouse myocardial infarction model. Cell survival was detected by bioluminescence imaging (BLI), and cardiac function was measured by echocardiogram. Real-time PCR and histological analysis were used to explore the therapeutic mechanism of CS-IGF-1C hydrogel. Results CS-IGF-1C hydrogel could induce the proliferation of hP-MSCs and exert anti-apoptotic effects in vitro. The Calcine-AM/PI staining results showed that hP-MSCs seeded on CS-IGF-1C hydrogel could protect neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes (NMVCs) against oxidative stress. It was observed by BLI that CS-IGF-1C hydrogel injected into ischemic myocardium could improve the survival rate of hP-MSCs. Histology analysis indicated that co-transplantation of the CS-IGF-1C hydrogel and hP-MSCs could increase angiogenesis, reduce collagen deposition, ameliorate left ventricular expanded, and further promote the recovery of cardiac function. Besides, we found that the inflammatory response was inhibited and the expression of apoptosis-related genes was downregulated by CS-IGF-1C hydrogel. Conclusions CS-IGF-1C hydrogel provides a conducive microenvironment for cells and significantly boosts the survival of hP-MSCs in mouse myocardial infarction model, which suggest that it may be a potential candidate for prolonging the therapeutic effect of hP-MSCs during AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yao
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 2nd Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Feng Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Yue
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China.,The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nian-Huan Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Huangshi, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, the College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China. .,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Zuo-Xiang He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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11
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Cyclin-dependent kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of protein kinase N1 promotes anchorage-independent growth and migration. Cell Signal 2020; 69:109546. [PMID: 31981797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase N1 (PKN1) is a member of the protein kinase C superfamily. Aberrations of PKN1 kinase activity are involved in several human pathological processes, including cancer. We found that PKN family proteins (PKN1/2/3) are phosphorylated in response to antitubulin drug-induced mitotic arrest. We identified cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) as the corresponding kinase for PKN protein phosphorylation. CDK1 phosphorylates PKN1 at S533, S537, S562, and S916 in vitro and in cells during drug-induced mitotic arrest. Immunofluorescence staining further confirmed that PKN1 phosphorylation occurs during normal mitosis in a CDK1-dependent manner. Knockdown of PKN1 significantly inhibited anchorage-independent growth and migration without affecting proliferation in multiple cancer cell lines. We further showed that mitotic phosphorylation is essential for PKN1's oncogenic function, as the non-phosphorylatable mutant PKN1-4A failed to rescue anchorage-independent growth and migration in PKN1-knockdown cells. Thus, our findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism for PKN1 in mitosis and its role in tumorigenesis.
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12
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PKN1 kinase-negative knock-in mice develop splenomegaly and leukopenia at advanced age without obvious autoimmune-like phenotypes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13977. [PMID: 31562379 PMCID: PMC6764976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase N1 (PKN1) knockout (KO) mice spontaneously form germinal centers (GCs) and develop an autoimmune-like disease with age. Here, we investigated the function of PKN1 kinase activity in vivo using aged mice deficient in kinase activity resulting from the introduction of a point mutation (T778A) in the activation loop of the enzyme. PKN1[T778A] mice reached adulthood without external abnormalities; however, the average spleen size and weight of aged PKN1[T778A] mice increased significantly compared to aged wild type (WT) mice. Histologic examination and Southern blot analyses of spleens showed extramedullary hematopoiesis and/or lymphomagenesis in some cases, although without significantly different incidences between PKN1[T778A] and WT mice. Additionally, flow cytometry revealed increased numbers in B220+, CD3+, Gr1+ and CD193+ leukocytes in the spleen of aged PKN1[T778A] mice, whereas the number of lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes was reduced in the peripheral blood, suggesting an advanced impairment of leukocyte trafficking with age. Moreover, aged PKN1[T778A] mice showed no obvious GC formation nor autoimmune-like phenotypes, such as glomerulonephritis or increased anti-dsDNA antibody titer, in peripheral blood. Our results showing phenotypic differences between aged Pkn1-KO and PKN1[T778A] mice may provide insight into the importance of PKN1-specific kinase-independent functions in vivo.
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13
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Marrocco V, Bogomolovas J, Ehler E, Dos Remedios CG, Yu J, Gao C, Lange S. PKC and PKN in heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 128:212-226. [PMID: 30742812 PMCID: PMC6408329 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The protein kinase C (PKC) and closely related protein kinase N (PKN) families of serine/threonine protein kinases play crucial cellular roles. Both kinases belong to the AGC subfamily of protein kinases that also include the cAMP dependent protein kinase (PKA), protein kinase B (PKB/AKT), protein kinase G (PKG) and the ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K). Involvement of PKC family members in heart disease has been well documented over the years, as their activity and levels are mis-regulated in several pathological heart conditions, such as ischemia, diabetic cardiomyopathy, as well as hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy. This review focuses on the regulation of PKCs and PKNs in different pathological heart conditions and on the influences that PKC/PKN activation has on several physiological processes. In addition, we discuss mechanisms by which PKCs and the closely related PKNs are activated and turned-off in hearts, how they regulate cardiac specific downstream targets and pathways, and how their inhibition by small molecules is explored as new therapeutic target to treat cardiomyopathies and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Marrocco
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Julius Bogomolovas
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, USA; Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Ehler
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, British Heart Foundation Research Excellence Centre, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | | | - Jiayu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Gao
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
| | - Stephan Lange
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, USA; University of Gothenburg, Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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14
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Feng L, Ren J, Li Y, Yang G, Kang L, Zhang S, Ma C, Li J, Liu J, Yang L, Qi Z. Resveratrol protects against isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats through VEGF-B/AMPK/eNOS/NO signalling pathway. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:82-93. [PMID: 30526144 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1554901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
According to our previous results, resveratrol (RSV, 3, 5, 4-trihydroxystilbene), a naturally polyphenolic phytoalexin, could attenuate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) in isolated rat heart or H9c2 cells. However, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of RSV on myocardial infarction (MI) in rats and further explored the underlying signal pathway after VEGF-B. Rats received RSV or normal saline by intragastric administration for 7 consecutive days and followed by subcutaneously isoproterenol (ISO) or normal saline injections for another 2 days. We found that RSV pretreatment prevented the unfavourable changes in HW/BW, HW/TL, infarct size, and cell apoptosis in ISO-treated rats. Moreover, superoxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) production were significantly reduced and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was increased by RSV in ISO-treated rats. Furthermore, it showed that RSV pretreatment increased VEGF-B, p-eNOS and p-AMPK expression, and NO production in ISO-treated rats. Using Neonatal Rat Ventricular Myocytes (NRVM), we found that VEGF-B siRNA could abolish the cardio-protective effect of RSV. The enhanced ratios of eNOS phosphorylation to eNOS expression induced by RSV were markedly reversed by VEGF-B siRNA in NRVM also. Meantime, we found that the effect of VEGF-B knock-down on eNOS activation was rescued by AMPK activator AICAR. L-NAME, a NOS inhibitor, could inhibit RSV enhanced eNOS phosphorylation but had no effect on VEGF-B expression in NRVM or in rats. Collectively, our results indicate that RSV exerts cardio-protection from ISO-induced myocardial infarction through VEGF-B/AMPK/eNOS/NO signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Feng
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Jiling Ren
- b Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China
| | - Yafei Li
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Guifang Yang
- c Clinical Laboratory , First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , China
| | - Licheng Kang
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Shengzheng Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Changzhen Ma
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Jing Li
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Jie Liu
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Liang Yang
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Nankai University , Tianjin , China
| | - Zhi Qi
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Nankai University , Tianjin , China.,d National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing , China
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