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Batovska J, Brohier ND, Mee PT, Constable FE, Rodoni BC, Lynch SE. The Australian Biosecurity Genomic Database: a new resource for high-throughput sequencing analysis based on the National Notifiable Disease List of Terrestrial Animals. Database (Oxford) 2024; 2024:baae084. [PMID: 39197058 PMCID: PMC11352597 DOI: 10.1093/database/baae084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
The Australian Biosecurity Genomic Database (ABGD) is a curated collection of reference viral genome sequences based on the Australian National Notifiable Disease List of Terrestrial Animals. It was created to facilitate the screening of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) data for the potential presence of viruses associated with notifiable disease. The database includes a single verified sequence (the exemplar species sequence, where relevant) for each of the 60 virus species across 21 viral families that are associated with or cause these notifiable diseases, as recognized by the World Organisation for Animal Health. The open-source ABGD on GitHub provides usage guidance documents and is intended to support building a culture in Australian HTS communities that promotes the use of quality-assured, standardized, and verified databases for Australia's national biosecurity interests. Future expansion of the database will include the addition of more strains or subtypes for highly variable viruses, viruses causing diseases of aquatic animals, and genomes of other types of pathogens associated with notifiable diseases, such as bacteria. Database URL: https://github.com/ausbiopathgenDB/AustralianBiosecurityGenomicDatabase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Batovska
- Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Natasha D Brohier
- Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - Peter T Mee
- Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology (SASB), La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Fiona E Constable
- Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology (SASB), La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Brendan C Rodoni
- Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology (SASB), La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Stacey E Lynch
- Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
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2
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Chang CWM, Wang SC, Wang CH, Pang AH, Yang CH, Chang YK, Wu WJ, Tsai MD. A unified view on enzyme catalysis by cryo-EM study of a DNA topoisomerase. Commun Chem 2024; 7:45. [PMID: 38418525 PMCID: PMC10901890 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The theories for substrate recognition in enzyme catalysis have evolved from lock-key to induced fit, then conformational selection, and conformational selection followed by induced fit. However, the prevalence and consensus of these theories require further examination. Here we use cryogenic electron microscopy and African swine fever virus type 2 topoisomerase (AsfvTop2) to demonstrate substrate binding theories in a joint and ordered manner: catalytic selection by the enzyme, conformational selection by the substrates, then induced fit. The apo-AsfvTop2 pre-exists in six conformers that comply with the two-gate mechanism directing DNA passage and release in the Top2 catalytic cycle. The structures of AsfvTop2-DNA-inhibitor complexes show that substantial induced-fit changes occur locally from the closed apo-conformer that however is too far-fetched for the open apo-conformer. Furthermore, the ATPase domain of AsfvTop2 in the MgAMP-PNP-bound crystal structures coexist in reduced and oxidized forms involving a disulfide bond, which can regulate the AsfvTop2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Wen Mary Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Chang Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiung Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Allan H Pang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng-Han Yang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Kai Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jin Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Daw Tsai
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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3
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Pakotiprapha D, Kuhaudomlarp S, Tinikul R, Chanarat S. Bridging the Gap: Can COVID-19 Research Help Combat African Swine Fever? Viruses 2023; 15:1925. [PMID: 37766331 PMCID: PMC10536364 DOI: 10.3390/v15091925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and economically devastating disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boar, caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). Despite being harmless to humans, ASF poses significant challenges to the swine industry, due to sudden losses and trade restrictions. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has spurred an unparalleled global research effort, yielding remarkable advancements across scientific disciplines. In this review, we explore the potential technological spillover from COVID-19 research into ASF. Specifically, we assess the applicability of the diagnostic tools, vaccine development strategies, and biosecurity measures developed for COVID-19 for combating ASF. Additionally, we discuss the lessons learned from the pandemic in terms of surveillance systems and their implications for managing ASF. By bridging the gap between COVID-19 and ASF research, we highlight the potential for interdisciplinary collaboration and technological spillovers in the battle against ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sittinan Chanarat
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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4
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Qi C, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Li J, Hu Y, Li L, Ge S, Wang Q, Wang Y, Wu X, Wang Z. Development and application of a TaqMan-based real-time PCR method for the detection of the ASFV MGF505-7R gene. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1093733. [PMID: 37256000 PMCID: PMC10226079 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1093733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV), the etiological agent of African swine fever (ASF), causes deadly hemorrhagic fever in domestic pigs. ASF's high mortality and morbidity have had disastrous effects on the world's swine industry. In recent years, the number of African swine virus strains has increased and presented new challenges for detecting classical ASFV-p72-based viruses. In this study, we observed that the ASFV MGF505-7R gene, a member of the multigene family that can enhance ASFV virulence and pathogenesis, has the potential to be a candidate for vaccine formulations. We also developed a real-time PCR assay based on the ASFV MGF505-7R gene and validated it in multiple aspects. The results indicated that the approach could detect standard plasmids with a sensitivity and a specificity of up to 1 × 101 copies/μL. Moreover, the assay had no cross-reactions with other porcine viruses. In laboratory and clinical settings, the assay can detect ASFV-infected samples at an early stage (4 hpi) and show a consistency of 92.56% when compared with classical ASFV detection in clinically ASFV-infected materials. This study's results also indicated that the TaqMan-based quantitative real-time PCR assay we developed for detecting the ASFV MGF505-7R gene is both sensitive and specific. This assay can provide a quick and accurate method for detecting ASFV and has the potential to be used as an optional tool for screening and monitoring ASF outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxiang Qi
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Bacteriology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinming Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yongxin Hu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shengqiang Ge
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yingli Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiliang Wang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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5
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Song J, Wang M, Du Y, Wan B, Zhang A, Zhang Y, Zhuang G, Ji P, Wu Y, Zhang G. Identification of a linear B-cell epitope on the African swine fever virus CD2v protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123264. [PMID: 36706875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) poses a serious threat to domestic pigs and wild boars, which is responsible for substantial production and economic losses. A dominant ASFV specific linear B cell epitope that reacted with the convalescent serum was explored and identified with the help of immune informatics techniques. It is essential in understanding the host immunity and in developing diagnostic technical guidelines and vaccine design. The confirmation of dominant epitopes with a positive serological matrix is feasible. To improve the immunogenicity of the epitope, we designed the dominant epitope of CD2v in the form of 2 branch Multiple-Antigen peptide (MAPs-2), CD2v-MAPs-2. Notably, CD2v peptide can be taken up by dendritic cells (DCs) to activate T lymphocytes and induce highly effective valence antibodies in BALB/c mice. The specific CD8+ T cell response were observed. The dominant epitope peptide identified in this study was able to effectively activate humoral and cellular immunity in mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Center for National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, China
| | - Mengxiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Center for National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, China
| | - Yongkun Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Center for National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, China
| | - Bo Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Center for National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, China
| | - Angke Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Center for National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Center for National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, China
| | - Guoqing Zhuang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Center for National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, China
| | - Pengchao Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Center for National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Center for National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, China.
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Center for National Animal Immunology, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; Longhu Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Henan Engineering Laboratory of Animal Biological Products, China.
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6
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Effects of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway Inhibitor BAY11-7082 in the Replication of ASFV. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020297. [PMID: 35215890 PMCID: PMC8877168 DOI: 10.3390/v14020297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) mainly infects the monocyte/macrophage lineage of pigs and regulates the production of cytokines that influence host immune responses. Several studies have reported changes in cytokine production after infection with ASFV, but the regulatory mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the immune response mechanism of ASFV using transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. Through multi-omics joint analysis, it was found that ASFV infection regulates the expression of the host NF-B signal pathway and related cytokines. Additionally, changes in the NF-κB signaling pathway and IL-1β and IL-8 expression in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with ASFV were examined. Results show that ASFV infection activates the NF-κB signaling pathway and up-regulates the expression of IL-1β and IL-8. The NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 inhibited the expression profiles of phospho-NF-κB p65, p-IκB, and MyD88 proteins, and inhibited ASFV-induced NF-κB signaling pathway activation. Additionally, the results show that the NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 can inhibit the replication of ASFV and can inhibit IL-1β and, IL-8 expression. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that ASFV infection activates the NF-κB signaling pathway and up-regulates the expression of IL-1β and IL-8, and inhibits the replication of ASFV by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-8 production. These findings not only provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of the association between the NF-κB signaling pathway and ASFV infection, but also indicate that the NF-κB signaling pathway is a potential immunomodulatory pathway that controls ASF.
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7
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Zhu W, Meng K, Zhang Y, Bu Z, Zhao D, Meng G. Lateral Flow Assay for the Detection of African Swine Fever Virus Antibodies Using Gold Nanoparticle-Labeled Acid-Treated p72. Front Chem 2022; 9:804981. [PMID: 35047481 PMCID: PMC8761911 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.804981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever is a widespread and highly contagious disease in the porcine population, which is caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). The PCR and ELISA detection methods are the main conventional diagnostic methods for ASFV antigen/antibody detection in the field. However, these methods have limitations of expensive equipment, trained technicians, and time-consuming results. Thus, a rapid, inexpensive, accurate and on-site detection method is urgently needed. Here we describe a double-antigen-sandwich lateral-flow assay based on gold nanoparticle-conjugated ASFV major capsid protein p72, which can detect ASFV antibody in serum samples with high sensitivity and specificity in 10 min and the results can be determined by naked eyes. A lateral flow assay was established by using yeast-expressed and acid-treated ASFV p72 conjugated with gold nanoparticles, which are synthesized by seeding method. A high coincidence (97.8%) of the assay was determined using clinical serum compared to a commercial ELISA kit. In addition, our lateral flow strip can detect as far as 1:10,000 diluted clinically positive serum for demonstration of high sensitivity. In summary, the assay developed here was shown to be rapid, inexpensive, accurate and highly selective. It represents a reliable method for on-site ASFV antibody detection and may help to control the ASFV pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhuang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiwen Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigao Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Dongming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Geng Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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8
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Zhu Z, Ge S, Cai Z, Wu Y, Lu C, Zhang Z, Fu P, Mao L, Wu X, Peng Y. Systematic identification and characterization of repeat sequences in African swine fever virus genomes. Vet Res 2022; 53:101. [PMID: 36461107 PMCID: PMC9717548 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a large DNA virus that infects domestic pigs with high morbidity and mortality rates. Repeat sequences, which are DNA sequence elements that are repeated more than twice in the genome, play an important role in the ASFV genome. The majority of repeat sequences, however, have not been identified and characterized in a systematic manner. In this study, three types of repeat sequences, including microsatellites, minisatellites and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), were identified in the ASFV genome, and their distribution, structure, function, and evolutionary history were investigated. Most repeat sequences were observed in noncoding regions and at the 5' end of the genome. Noncoding repeat sequences tended to form enhancers, whereas coding repeat sequences had a lower ratio of alpha-helix and beta-sheet and a higher ratio of loop structure and surface amino acids than nonrepeat sequences. In addition, the repeat sequences tended to encode penetrating and antimicrobial peptides. Further analysis of the evolution of repeat sequences revealed that the pan-repeat sequences presented an open state, showing the diversity of repeat sequences. Finally, CpG islands were observed to be negatively correlated with repeat sequence occurrences, suggesting that they may affect the generation of repeat sequences. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of repeat sequences in ASFVs, and these results can aid in understanding the virus's function and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Zhu
- grid.67293.39Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Shengqiang Ge
- grid.414245.20000 0004 6063 681XChina Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032 China ,grid.418524.e0000 0004 0369 6250Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Prevention and Control (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China
| | - Zena Cai
- grid.67293.39Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Yifan Wu
- grid.67293.39Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Congyu Lu
- grid.67293.39Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- grid.67293.39Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Ping Fu
- grid.67293.39Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Longfei Mao
- grid.67293.39Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- grid.414245.20000 0004 6063 681XChina Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032 China ,grid.418524.e0000 0004 0369 6250Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Prevention and Control (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China
| | - Yousong Peng
- grid.67293.39Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 China
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9
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Anderson TK, Inderski B, Diel DG, Hause BM, Porter EG, Clement T, Nelson EA, Bai J, Christopher-Hennings J, Gauger PC, Zhang J, Harmon KM, Main R, Lager KM, Faaberg KS. The United States Swine Pathogen Database: integrating veterinary diagnostic laboratory sequence data to monitor emerging pathogens of swine. Database (Oxford) 2021; 2021:6462938. [PMID: 35165687 PMCID: PMC8903347 DOI: 10.1093/database/baab078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Veterinary diagnostic laboratories derive thousands of nucleotide sequences from clinical samples of swine pathogens such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), Senecavirus A and swine enteric coronaviruses. In addition, next generation sequencing has resulted in the rapid production of full-length genomes. Presently, sequence data are released to diagnostic clients but are not publicly available as data may be associated with sensitive information. However, these data can be used for field-relevant vaccines; determining where and when pathogens are spreading; have relevance to research in molecular and comparative virology; and are a component in pandemic preparedness efforts. We have developed a centralized sequence database that integrates private clinical data using PRRSV data as an exemplar, alongside publicly available genomic information. We implemented the Tripal toolkit, a collection of Drupal modules that are used to manage, visualize and disseminate biological data stored within the Chado database schema. New sequences sourced from diagnostic laboratories contain: genomic information; date of collection; collection location; and a unique identifier. Users can download annotated genomic sequences using a customized search interface that incorporates data mined from published literature; search for similar sequences using BLAST-based tools; and explore annotated reference genomes. Additionally, custom annotation pipelines have determined species, the location of open reading frames and nonstructural proteins and the occurrence of putative frame shifts. Eighteen swine pathogens have been curated. The database provides researchers access to sequences discovered by veterinary diagnosticians, allowing for epidemiological and comparative virology studies. The result will be a better understanding on the emergence of novel swine viruses and how these novel strains are disseminated in the USA and abroad. Database URLhttps://swinepathogendb.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tavis K Anderson
- Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA-ARS, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Blake Inderski
- Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA-ARS, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Diego G Diel
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, 1155 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.,South Dakota Animal Disease Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, 1155 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.,Diego G. Diel, Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin M Hause
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, 1155 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.,South Dakota Animal Disease Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, 1155 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Porter
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Travis Clement
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, 1155 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.,South Dakota Animal Disease Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, 1155 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Eric A Nelson
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, 1155 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.,South Dakota Animal Disease Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, 1155 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Jianfa Bai
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Jane Christopher-Hennings
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, 1155 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.,South Dakota Animal Disease Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, 1155 North Campus Drive, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Phillip C Gauger
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Karen M Harmon
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Rodger Main
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 1850 Christensen Drive, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Kelly M Lager
- Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA-ARS, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Kay S Faaberg
- Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA-ARS, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA
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10
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Fu J, Zhang Y, Cai G, Meng G, Shi S. Rapid and sensitive RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay for point-of-care detection of African swine fever virus. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254815. [PMID: 34280234 PMCID: PMC8289064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a serious contagious disease that causes fatal haemorrhagic fever in domestic and wild pigs, with high morbidity. It has caused devastating damage to the swine industry worldwide, necessitating the focus of attention on detection of the ASF pathogen, the African swine fever virus (ASFV). In order to overcome the disadvantages of conventional diagnostic methods (e.g. time-consuming, demanding and unintuitive), quick detection tools with higher sensitivity need to be explored. In this study, based on the conserved p72 gene sequence of ASFV, we combined the Cas12a-based assay with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and a fluorophore-quencher (FQ)-labeled reporter assay for rapid and visible detection. Five crRNAs designed for Cas12a-based assay showed specificity with remarkable fluorescence intensity under visual inspection. Within 20 minutes, with an initial concentration of two copies of DNA, the assay can produce significant differences between experimental and negative groups, indicating the high sensitivity and rapidity of the method. Overall, the developed RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay provides a fast and visible tool for point-of-care ASFV detection with high sensitivity and specificity, which can be rapidly performed on-site under isothermal conditions, promising better control and prevention of ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yueping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Cai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Geng Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (GM); (SS)
| | - Shuobo Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (GM); (SS)
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Zhu Z, Chen H, Liu L, Cao Y, Jiang T, Zou Y, Peng Y. Classification and characterization of multigene family proteins of African swine fever viruses. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:6041169. [PMID: 33333556 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) poses serious threats to the pig industry. The multigene family (MGF) proteins are extensively distributed in ASFVs and are generally classified into five families, including MGF-100, MGF-110, MGF-300, MGF-360 and MGF-505. Most MGF proteins, however, have not been well characterized and classified within each family. To bridge this gap, this study first classified MGF proteins into 31 groups based on protein sequence homology and network clustering. A web server for classifying MGF proteins was established and kept available for free at http://www.computationalbiology.cn/MGF/home.html. Results showed that MGF groups of the same family were most similar to each other and had conserved sequence motifs; the genetic diversity of MGF groups varied widely, mainly due to the occurrence of indels. In addition, the MGF proteins were predicted to have large structural and functional diversity, and MGF proteins of the same MGF family tended to have similar structure, location and function. Reconstruction of the ancestral states of MGF groups along the ASFV phylogeny showed that most MGF groups experienced either the copy number variations or the gain-or-loss changes, and most of these changes happened within strains of the same genotype. It is found that the copy number decrease and the loss of MGF groups were much larger than the copy number increase and the gain of MGF groups, respectively, suggesting the ASFV tended to lose MGF proteins in the evolution. Overall, the work provides a detailed classification for MGF proteins and would facilitate further research on MGF proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Zhu
- College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiting Chen
- College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Liu
- Hunan Yuelu mountain data science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd
| | - Yang Cao
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Taijiao Jiang
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yousong Peng
- College of Biology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
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The African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) Topoisomerase II as a Target for Viral Prevention and Control. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020312. [PMID: 32560397 PMCID: PMC7350233 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is, once more, spreading throughout the world. After its recent reintroduction in Georgia, it quickly reached many neighboring countries in Eastern Europe. It was also detected in Asia, infecting China, the world's biggest pig producer, and spreading to many of the surrounding countries. Without any vaccine or effective treatment currently available, new strategies for the control of the disease are mandatory. Its etiological agent, the African swine fever virus (ASFV), has been shown to code for a type II DNA topoisomerase. These are enzymes capable of modulating the topology of DNA molecules, known to be essential in unicellular and multicellular organisms, and constitute targets in antibacterial and anti-cancer treatments. In this review, we summarize most of what is known about this viral enzyme, pP1192R, and discuss about its possible role(s) during infection. Given the essential role of type II topoisomerases in cells, the data so far suggest that pP1192R is likely to be equally essential for the virus and thus a promising target for the elaboration of a replication-defective virus, which could provide the basis for an effective vaccine. Furthermore, the use of inhibitors could be considered to control the spread of the infection during outbreaks and therefore limit the spreading of the disease.
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