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Parri S, Campani T, Conti V, Cai G, Romi M, Casini S, Zari R, Caldini F, Marsili L. New olive-pomace fertilizer tested with a 2-tiers approach: Biomarkers on Eisenia fetida, physiochemical effects on Solanum lycopersicum and Olea europaea. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:119915. [PMID: 38169256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Every year, the olive oil industry generates a substantial amount of pomace, a semi-solid residue made up of skin, pulp, pit, and kernel fragments. Rather than being disposed of, the pomace can be dried and transported to an extraction facility where pomace oil can be extracted. Utilizing its high thermal capacity, the extracted pomace can be used as a supplementary fuel in the drying process, resulting in the production of ashes. In this study, the effect of pomace waste applied to the soil was investigated by testing two mixtures with different proportions of de-oiled pomace flour and kernel ash (50:50 and 70:30, respectively) in powder and pellet form. We used a dual approach, evaluating the effects of the mixtures on both soil communities and plant physiology and productivity, to assess the actual usability of the fertilizer in agriculture. The biomarker approach was valuable in assessing the sublethal effects of the two mixtures in powder form in soil. After 30 days of exposure, the bioindicator organism Eisena fetida showed lipid peroxidation, glutathione S-transferase and lactate dehydrogenase levels similar to the control, while lysozyme activity was reduced in all treatments. The powder mixture was lethal to the tomato plants, while there was no evidence of any damage to the olive trees. During 60 days of monitoring, both mixtures in pellet form showed a slight increase in physiological parameters, suggesting a benefit to the photosynthetic system. The improved carbon assimilation in tomato plants treated with the mixtures results in increased plant productivity, both in terms of number and weight of fruits, while maintaining the antioxidant content. This study paves the way for the use of the pomace mixture as a soil improver, thus increasing the value of this waste product.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parri
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - T Campani
- Department of Physical, Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - V Conti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Cai
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - M Romi
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - S Casini
- Department of Physical, Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - R Zari
- Studio ZARI Agronomi & Forestali, 53014, Monteroni d'Arbia, Siena, Italy
| | - F Caldini
- Caldini Guido s.r.l., 53030, Radicondoli, Siena, Italy
| | - L Marsili
- Department of Physical, Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
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Shen Z, Tan Z, Ge L, Wang Y, Xing X, Sang W, Cai G. The global burden of lymphoma: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. Public Health 2024; 226:199-206. [PMID: 38086101 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to describe the global trends in the burden of lymphoma from 1990 to 2019. STUDY DESIGN The data used in this study were from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. METHODS This study described the age-standardised rates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of lymphoma (non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin's lymphoma, NHL and HL, respectively) annually from 1990 to 2019, stratified by sociodemographic index (SDI) and 21 world regions. The estimated annual percentage changes in these indexes were calculated. RESULTS In 2019, the age-standardised rates of HL per 100,000 population were lower than those of NHL in terms of incidence (1.1 vs 6.7 per 100,000 person-years, respectively) and prevalence (0.3 vs 5.7 per 100,000 person-years, respectively) but not mortality (21.6 vs 3.2 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). From 1999 to 2019, the global incidence of HL decreased and the incidence of NHL increased, and the prevalence of both HL and NHL increased, but the mortality rates decreased. When stratified by SDI, the incidence of HL decreased in all but middle-SDI regions, the mortality rate of HL decreased in all regions, and both the incidence and mortality rate of NHL increased in all but high-SDI regions. The prevalence of HL and NHL increased in all SDI regions, especially in middle-SDI regions. YLLs and DALYs of HL in all SDI regions and those of NHL in high-SDI regions decreased. YLDs slightly increased in middle- to high-SDI regions. CONCLUSIONS Lymphoma remains a major public health issue, and better prevention, precise identification, and promising treatments are vitally important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Z Tan
- Research Center of Health Policy and Health Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - L Ge
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - X Xing
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - W Sang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Jiangsu, 221006, China.
| | - G Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China; Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia.
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Xu FF, Zheng SF, Cai G, Wang SB, Cao L, Chen JY. Prognostic and Predictive Significance of Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e269-e270. [PMID: 37785019 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) This study aims to identify the role of different subtypes of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in predicting risk of recurrence and benefit of whole breast irradiation (WBI). MATERIALS/METHODS Immunohistochemical stain for CD3, CD4, CD8, FOXP3 and CD20 were carried in a well characterized DCIS cohort who received breast-conserving surgery (BCS) from Jan 2009 to Dec 2018. All the TILs subtypes were evaluated by the average numbers of touching-TILs which defined as TILs touching or within one lymphocyte cell thickness from the malignant ducts' basement membrane. The optimal cut-off values of TILs subtypes were selected by the X-tile. RESULTS In total, 167 patients were enrolled in this analysis with 114 patients received WBI. After a median follow-up of 67 months, 15 IBTR events occurred with 6 invasive-IBTRs. Nine out of 15 IBTRs occurred outside of the original quadrant (elsewhere failure event, EFE). CD3+ lymphocytes were the predominant cell subtype while Treg showed the lowest levels. High abundance of TILs subtypes was associated with high tumor grade, presence of microinvasion, high Ki67 index, ER negativity and HER2 positivity. For various TILs subtypes, the multivariate analyses showed that dense CD4+ TILs (HR = 9.84, 95% CI 2.43-39.91, p<0.01) and dense Treg (HR = 4.22, 95% CI 1.24-14.36, p = 0.02) were independent prognostic factors for higher IBTR. As the infiltration of TIL subsets was correlated with one another, we also analyzed the relationship between IBTR and the ratios of different TILs subtypes. By adjusted by clinicopathological parameters, high ratios of CD4+/CD8+, Treg/CD4+ and Treg/CD8+ were found to be independent prognostic factors for higher IBTR (HR = 11.31, 95% CI 3.14-40.76, p<0.01; HR = 3.09, 95% CI 1.05-9.11, p = 0.04; HR = 7.14, 95% CI 1.98-25.73, p<0.01). Consistent with the results of IBTR, the 5-y rate of invasive-IBTR and EFE was both significantly associated with the high CD4+/CD8+, Treg/CD4+ and Treg/CD8+ TILs ratios (all p<0.01). WBI reduced the rate of 5y-IBTR risk from 8.4% to 1.3% (p = 0.02) in the low Treg/CD8+ group, but there was no benefit of WBI in the high group. With respect to EFE, WBI significantly reduced the rate from 2.8% to 0.0% (p = 0.03) in the low Treg/CD8+ group while not in the high group. The benefits of WBI in reducing IBTR and EFE were not significant difference between different CD4+/CD8+ and Treg/CD4+ groups. CONCLUSION Assessment of overall TILs provides a tool for comprehensive evaluation of the DCIS immune microenvironment. Patients with pro-tumoral immune infiltrate (high Treg, high ratios of CD4+/CD8+, Treg/CD4+ and Treg/CD8+) in tumor microenvironment show an increased risk of IBTR and less benefit from breast radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F F Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S F Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S B Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Y Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cai G, Yu J, Meng X. TFAM Modulates Cardiomyocytes Pyroptosis Induced by Ionizing Radiation through mtDNA/TLR9/NF-kB Pathway. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S119-S120. [PMID: 37784308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is a pivotal factor for regulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication, transcription and biogenesis. Previous studies have reported that cytosolic mtDNA stress can lead to cardiomyocytes pyroptosis, which is characterized by inflammasome formation. In this study, we attempted to investigate the mechanism of TFAM regulate cardiomyocytes pyroptosis induced by ionizing radiation. MATERIALS/METHODS The peripheral blood serum of patients with esophageal cancer before and after definitive chemoradiotherapy was collected for Luminex multiplex cytokine assays. C57BL/6 mice were irradiated with the whole heart using small animal radiation research platform (SARRP) to construct a radiation-induced myocardial damage (RIMD) mouse model, and the ventricular function was evaluated using 9.4T Bruker magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The function changes of cardiomyocytes exposed to radiation were observed in vitro and in vivo after knocking out GSDMD. Furthermore, the changes of mitochondrial function, the levels of cytosolic mtDNA, and the protein levels of NF-kB and pyroptosis pathway in irradiated cardiomyocytes were analyzed by knockdown and overexpression of TFAM in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS By multifactor cytokine assays we found that pyroptosis related IL-1β and IL-18 were significantly increased in patients with high mean heart dose (MHD) after radiotherapy, while those with low MHD were not significantly increased after radiotherapy. Next, we successfully constructed the RIMD mouse model using a single heart irradiation of 20 Gy. We found that the gene expression of pyroptosis pathway was significantly up-regulated after cardiac irradiation by myocardial tissue transcriptomic sequencing. Compared with wild-type (WT) mice, cardiac systolic function of Gsdmd-/- mice was significantly improved at 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 weeks after heart irradiation. In vitro, we also demonstrated increased viability of irradiated cardiomyocytes by knocking out GSDMD. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the expression of TFAM decreased after radiation. By overexpression of TFAM, we found that irradiated cardiomyocytes showed improved mitochondrial function, decreased release of mtDNA into cytoplasm through mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTPs), decreased binding of cytosolic mtDNA to TLR9, and decreased expression of NF-kB and pyroptosis pathway proteins. Dual luciferase gene reporter assays and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) assay confirmed that p65 could bind the NLRP3 promoter region. In addition, we found that ventricular function deteriorated and improved in mice with knockdown and overexpression of TFAM through adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9), respectively. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that TFAM regulate irradiated cardiomyocytes pyroptosis through mtDNA/TLR9/NF-kB pathway. We provide a novel mechanism of RIMD, revealing an underappreciated intervention target for RIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - J Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - X Meng
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Chen J, Xie JR, Xu FF, Cai G, Wang SB, Huang XB, Zhu QW, Zhao YT, Lin Q, Ye M, Yao Y, Yu B, Xu HP, Cai R, Qi WX, Xu C, Cao L. Quality Assurance of Protocol Compliance in a Multicenter Randomized Trial Investigating the Role of Hypofractionated Comprehensive Reginal Nodal Irradiation in Node-Positive Breast Cancer (HARVEST). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e168-e169. [PMID: 37784772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The HARVEST trial (NCT03829553) is a phase III, multicenter, randomized clinical trial to explore efficacy and safety of hypofractionated irradiation (HFI) involving regional nodal irradiation (RNI, including internal mammary nodes, IMN) in N+ breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy or breast conserving surgery (BCS). Current study aims to analyze the dosimetric quality assurance so as to evaluate the compliance to the trial protocol. MATERIALS/METHODS Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive conventional fractionated irradiation (CFI: 50 Gy/25Fx) or HFI (40.05 Gy/15Fx), which is delivered to ipsilateral chest wall or whole breast (CW/WB) with tumor bed boost (HFI: 10.68 Gy/4Fx; CFI: 10 Gy/5Fx) and comprehensive RNI (supra/infraclavicular nodes and IMN in each patient, lower axilla if indicated) by using IMRT technique. The plan quality was evaluated based on dose distribution, dose volume histogram (DVH) and field parameters. The target coverage, including planning target volume of CW/WB (PTV1) and tumor bed (PTV2) and doses of the organs at risk (OARs) were evaluated. The LQ model was used to convert doses of OARs in HFI group using α/β = 3 Gy (EQD23) for comparison. RESULTS Between Feb 21, 2019 and Feb 14, 2022, 801 patients were enrolled at 8 centers with 401 and 400 in CFI and HFI group, respectively. There were 182 patients received BCS and 387 patients were with more than three positive lymph nodes. In the CFI group, the D90 and V45 of PTV1 reached the prescribed dose in 70.6% and 96.0% of the patients, respectively. In the HFI group, the D90 and V36 of PTV1 reached the prescribed dose in 87.8% and 95.5% of the patients, respectively. When the tumor bed was irradiated, the D90 of PTV2 reached the prescribed dose in 95.6% in the CFI group and 100% in the HFI group, respectively. The mean D90 of PTV1 and PTV2 were 50.09±0.65 Gy and 60.63±0.91 Gy in CFI group while 40.11±0.56 Gy and 50.79±2.03 Gy in HFI group. For OARs constraints, protocol compliance was all above 95% (heart: 95.3%; ipsilateral lung: 95.5%; contralateral lung: 97.1%; humeral head: 98.2% and spinal cord: 100%) with no significant difference between CFI and HFI groups. For patients with left-sided breast cancer, the Dmean of the heart was 5.10±1.75 Gy vs. 4.59±1.86 Gy (EQD23) in CFI and HFI groups (p = 0.51), respectively. No significant differences in Dmean of the heart (1.45±0.71 Gy vs. 1.33±0.77 Gy (EQD23), p = 0.40) was found either between two groups in right-sided patients. The differences were significant in the Dmean of the ipsilateral lung (13.37±1.99 Gy vs. 11.17±3.50 Gy (EQD23), p<0.01), contralateral lung (0.88±0.73 Gy vs. 0.74±0.61 Gy (EQD23), p<0.01) and the ipsilateral humeral head (15.27±7.62 Gy vs. 13.05±6.19 Gy (EQD23), p<0.01) and the Dmax of spinal cord (21.40±8.82 Gy vs. 19.47±7.99 Gy (EQD23), p = 0.05) between CFI and HFI groups. CONCLUSION A high degree of compliance with protocol dose constraints was found for treatment plans in the HARVEST trial and doses to the most of OARs decreased in HFI group.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J R Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - F F Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S B Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X B Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Q W Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Y T Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Q Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - M Ye
- Renji Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - B Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangyin, China
| | - H P Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - R Cai
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W X Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - C Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cai G, Meng X, Yu J. The Predictive Value of Changes in Basal Myocardial F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake for Cardiotoxicity in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer Patients Receiving Definitive Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e285. [PMID: 37785059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To investigate the predictive value of changes in myocardial 18F-FDG uptake for major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in locally advanced esophageal cancer patients receiving definitive radiotherapy. MATERIALS/METHODS Between August 2012 and January 2018, 400 patients with stage II-III esophageal cancer receiving definitive radiotherapy at two institutions were divided into the training (n = 240) and external validation cohorts (n = 160). All patients underwent FDG-PET imaging within 1 week before treatment and 3 months after treatment. Myocardium delineation was performed by Carimas software (version 2.10) based on the AHA 17-segment model. When contouring the left ventricle, the myocardium was automatically divided into basal (segments 1-6), middle (segments 7-12), and apical (segments 13-16) regions, and the mean dose and FDG uptake parameters of each region were obtained by Carimas. Our primary endpoint was MACEs. Patient clinicopathologic factors, dosimetric parameters for the whole heart and cardiac substructures, and myocardial changes within the three regions on 18F-FDG PET were utilized to seek the best predictive models for cardiotoxicity. To avoid multicollinearity between dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters, we selected the variables with the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value from the DVH parameters of the same cardiac structure for the actual modeling procedure. Competing risk analysis and Cox regressions analysis were performed. The predictive performance of the models was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Brier score. RESULTS At a median follow-up interval of 78 months, 28 patients (11.7%) developed MACEs. The basal region of the myocardium received the highest radiation dose, followed by the middle and the apex region. The basal myocardial SUVmax and SUVmean significantly increased after radiotherapy while the apical and middle myocardial SUVmax and SUVmean not significantly increased. In univariate analysis, age, pre-existing cardiac disease, changes in pre- and post-treatment basal myocardial SUVmax and SUVmean (∆SUVmax and ∆SUVmean), and dosimetric parameters for MHD, mean LCX, mean LAD, and mean LV dose were associated with an increased hazard of MACEs. Multivariate analysis showed that basal ∆SUVmean retained significance after adjusting for age, pre-existing cardiac disease, and dosimetric parameters for whole heart and cardiac substructures. The AUCs and Brier scores demonstrated favorable predictive accuracies of the model's integrating variables with significant difference in multivariate analysis when predicting MACEs in the training and validation cohorts. CONCLUSION ∆SUVmean was an independent indicator of MACE in locally advanced esophageal cancer patients receiving definitive radiotherapy. Changes in basal myocardial FDG uptake is a promising biomaker for predicting radiation-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - X Meng
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - J Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Qi W, Cao L, Ou D, Cai G, Xu C, Chen J. Establishing a Risk Stratification Model to Identify Clinically High-Risk N0 Breast Cancer Who Could Benefit from Regional Nodal Irradiation: A Single Institute Analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e201-e202. [PMID: 37784854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The adverse clinical features for pN0 BC patients significantly varies and there is no established clinical risk stratification system to identify those "high-risk" pN0 BC patients who might benefit from RNI. The purpose of this real-world study was to investigate the risk factors for developing recurrence among patients with pathological T1-3N0 breast cancer (BC) treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) followed by whole breast irradiation alone (WBI) and identify those clinically high-risk BCs who could benefit from regional nodal irradiation (RNI). MATERIALS/METHODS Female BC patients treated from 2009 to 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and survival differences were compared with the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed using Cox logistic regression analysis. An external validation was conducted by using SEER database. RESULTS A total of 622 BC patients treated with BCS+WBI alone were included. With a median follow-up of 82 months, the 7-year OS and DFS for the entire cohort was 97% and 91%, respectively. Multivariable Cox analysis indicated that tumor size (p = 0.006), tumor location (p = 0.033), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) status (p = 0.0028) and Ki-67 index (p = 0.051) were independent risk factors for DFS, while only tumor size was the only independent risk factors for OS (p = 0.029). A scoring system was developed using these four factors and the 7-year DFS and OS were 97% and 96% for patients with 0-1 risk factors, 95% and 82% for patients with ≥2 risk factors (p<0.0001 for DFS, and p = 0.0063 for OS). Based on tumor size and tumor location, an external validation by demonstrated that the 7-year OS was 90% and 88% for patients with 0-1 risk factor, which was significantly better than those defined as high-risk BC patients (82%, p<0.0001). CONCLUSION By using our institute database, we establish a risk stratification system for identifying sub-group of pN0 BC patients, who are at high risk for developing recurrence. The results of our study support tailored RT decision-making according to individual risks, which needed to be confirmed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - D Ou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - C Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang S, Ou D, Cao L, Xu C, Cao W, Chen J, Cai G. Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Chemotherapy Combined with Radiotherapy for Patients with Stage I-II Nasal-Type Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e491. [PMID: 37785551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The purpose of this study was to assess the treatment outcome and the potential prognostic factors for patients with stage I-II nasal ENKTL treated with radiotherapy (RT) combined chemotherapy (CT). MATERIALS/METHODS From July, 2005 to January, 2019, 118 eligible patients were retrospective included in the study. Among the 118 patients, 84 were male and 34 were female. The median age was 45 years (range: 14-77 years). According to the Ann Arbor staging system, 66 patients had stage I disease (Primary tumor invasion (PTI) was present in 29 patients), and 52 patients had stage II disease. B symptoms were observed in 61 patients. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score was 0 to 1 in 88 patients. Cervical lymph node involvement was observed in 51 patients. The primary lesions were located in the nasal cavity in 92 cases and in the Waldeyer ring in 26 cases. Five patients had received RT followed by CT (RT + CT), 20 patients had received CT followed by RT (CT + RT), 90 patients had received CT followed by RT, again followed by CT (CT+RT+CT), and 3 patients had received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) (1 patient received CRT + CT, other 2 patients received CT+CRT+CT). Patients were irradiated with a median dose of 50 Gy (range, 24-61.2). All patients received chemotherapy, 91 received non-anthracycline-based chemotherapy, whereas 27 patients received anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The median number of courses of chemotherapy was four (range: 1-10). Patients were scored as having low-risk disease (n = 50), intermediate-risk disease (n = 60) or high-risk disease (n = 8) according to the prognostic index of natural killer cell lymphoma (PINK). RESULTS Among the 118 patients, after initial therapy, the complete response (CR) rate was 82.2% (n = 97), and the partial response (PR) rate was 11.0% (n = 13). The stable disease (SD) rate was 2.5% (n = 3), and the progressive disease (PD) rate was 4.2% (n = 5). With a median follow-up of 43 months (range, 4-201) after irradiation, the 3-year PFS and OS were 76.9% and 82.9%, respectively. The 3-year OS rate was 75.0% for RT + CT, 70.0% for CT + RT, 87.1% for CT + RT+ CT, and 50.0% for CRT (P = 0.052). Three-year OS and PFS were 88.6% and 83.4%, respectively, for non-anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen compared to 61.6% (P = 0.001) and 58.4% (P = 0.003), respectively, for the anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen. Three-year OS and PFS were 84.0% and 79.0%, respectively, for patients receiving high-dose RT (≥50 Gy, n = 111) compared to 71.4% (P = 0.076) and 71.4% (P = 0.228), respectively, for low-dose RT (<50 Gy, n = 7). In multivariate analysis, adverse factors associated with OS in our study were chemotherapy regimen and response to RT and CT (P = 0.047, <0.001). CONCLUSION Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy reported promising response rate and a favorable survival for patients with stage I-II nasal ENKTL. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimen and no remission after RT and CT were adverse factors of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - D Ou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - C Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Li S, Qi W, Cao L, Xu C, Cai R, Chen J, Cai G. Nodal Response to Neo-Adjuvant Systemic Therapy Predicts Prognosis of cN3c Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Multidisciplinary Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e191. [PMID: 37784828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) cN3c breast cancer with ipsilateral supraclavicular (SCV) lymph nodal (SCLN) metastasis has a dismal prognosis. We investigated the survival outcomes, patterns and risks of recurrence in those patients after multidisciplinary therapy, as well as the predictors of candidates for SCV area boosting. MATERIALS/METHODS Consecutive cN3c breast cancer patients without distant metastases from January 2009 to December 2020 in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Based on nodal response to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), patients were categorized into three groups: clinical complete response (cCR) not achieved in SCLN (Group A, n = 66), SCLN cCR but axillary node (ALN) did not achieve pathological complete response (pCR, Group B, n = 34), cCR in SCLN and pCR in ALN (Group C, n = 13). RESULTS The median follow-up time was 32.7 months (range, 21.9-53.3months). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 64.6% and 43.7% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed cumulative SCV dose and ypT stage, ALN response and SCV response to NAT were significantly associated with OS and RFS respectively. The 3-year for patients receiving the cumulative SCV dose of ≥60 Gy versus <60 Gy was 81.3% versus 69.0% (P = 0.042). Compared with Group A or B, Group C showed significantly improved RFS (3y-RFS: 53.8% vs 73.6% vs 100%, p = 0.003) and a numerically longer OS (3y-OS: 73.4% vs 86.7% vs 100%, p = 0.089). Meanwhile, Group C showed the lowest rate of DM as first failure (37.9 % vs 23.5% vs 0 in group A, B and C, respectively, p = 0.010). In patients of Group A, the 3-year OS rates for patients receiving the cumulative SCV dose of ≥60 Gy versus <60 Gy was 78.0% versus 57.3% (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION Nodal response to NAT is an independent prognostic factor for survival and pattern of failure. cN3c breast cancer patients with SCLN cCR and ALN pCR after NAT are potentially curable. A cumulative SCV dose of ≥60 Gy is positively associated with improved OS, especially in patients of SCLN without achieving cCR. Our data supports the perspective of optimizing radiotherapeutic strategy based on nodal response.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - C Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - R Cai
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Du H, Yong R, Zhang J, Cai G, Wang R, Li J, Wang Y, Zhang H, Gao X, Huang J. OsBAK2/OsSERK2 expression is repressed by OsBZR1 to modulate brassinosteroid response and grain length in rice. J Exp Bot 2023; 74:4978-4993. [PMID: 37235693 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of polyhydroxylated steroidal phytohormones that are essential for plant growth and development. Rice BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1)-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASES (OsBAKs) are plasma membrane-localized receptor kinases belonging to the subfamily of leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases. It has been found that in Arabidopsis, BRs induce the formation of a BRI1-BAK1 heterodimer complex and transmit the cascade signal to BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1/bri1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR1 (BZR1/BES1) to regulate BR signaling. Here, in rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica), we found that OsBZR1 binds directly to the promoter of OsBAK2, but not OsBAK1, and represses the expression of OsBAK2 to form a BR feedback inhibition loop. Additionally, the phosphorylation of OsBZR1 by OsGSK3 reduced its binding to the OsBAK2 promoter. The osbak2 mutant displays a typical BR-deficiency phenotype and negative modulates the accumulation of OsBZR1. Interestingly, the grain length of the osbak2 mutant was increased whereas in the cr-osbak2/cr-osbzr1 double mutant, the reduced grain length of the cr-osbzr1 mutant was restored, implying that the increased grain length of osbak2 may be due to the rice somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase-dependent pathway. Our study reveals a novel mechanism by which OsBAK2 and OsBZR1 engage in a negative feedback loop to maintain rice BR homeostasis, facilitating a deeper understanding of the BR signaling network and grain length regulation in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rong Yong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiuying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
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Yin X, Zhu R, Shi X, Cai G, Jing C, Pan Q, Yang T. The effect of rhythm training on the motor coordination abilities of 8-12-year-old freestyle swimmers. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15667. [PMID: 37529213 PMCID: PMC10389069 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effect of rhythm training in the early coordination development and to find out its role in the transfer of specific performance in young swimmers. Eighty young swimmers aged eight to twelve were divided randomly into a control group (CON, n = 40, M/F=17/23) or an experimental group (EXP, n = 40, M/F=19/21). A total of 72 swimmers completed all the training programs and tests included in this study (CON, n = 35, M/F=15/20; EXP, n = 37, M/F=16/21). The training programme lasted 12 weeks. During the study period, all groups participated in the same swimming training program with the control group participating six times a week, and the experimental group participating four times a week with an additional two rhythm trainings each week. The height, weight, walking backwards ability, jumping sideways ability, and 25 m freestyle were measured for each participant and an index of coordination was analyzed from recordings of the participant's 25 m freestyle. The results indicated that participation in rhythm training resulted in improved general motor and swimming-specific coordination among the swimmers, but the results varied by number of years of sport-specific training experience. The swimmers with more training experience improved more in swimming-specific coordination but less in general motor coordination. This study strengthens the evidence for the effectiveness of early rhythm training in swimmers, indicating that it is feasible to design programs to address general and sport-specific coordination in young athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yin
- Department of Talent Identification and Development in Sport, Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-doping Agency), Shanghai, China
| | - Rongxin Zhu
- Department of Talent Identification and Development in Sport, Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-doping Agency), Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Xianda College of Economics and Humanities, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Cai
- Department of Talent Identification and Development in Sport, Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-doping Agency), Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Jing
- Department of Talent Identification and Development in Sport, Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-doping Agency), Shanghai, China
| | - Qile Pan
- Department of Talent Identification and Development in Sport, Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-doping Agency), Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of P.E and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Guo J, Cai G, Li YQ, Zhang YX, Su YN, Yuan DY, Zhang ZC, Liu ZZ, Cai XW, Guo J, Li L, Chen S, He XJ. Author Correction: Comprehensive characterization of three classes of Arabidopsis SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complexes. Nat Plants 2023; 9:847. [PMID: 37165040 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01428-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Cai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yin-Na Su
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan-Yang Yuan
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhen-Zhen Liu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Wei Cai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Guo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - She Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Jian He
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Drummen SJJ, Balogun S, Lahham A, Bennell K, Hinman RS, Callisaya M, Cai G, Otahal P, Winzenberg T, Wang Z, Antony B, Munugoda IP, Martel-Pelletier J, Pelletier JP, Abram F, Jones G, Aitken D. A pilot randomized controlled trial evaluating outdoor community walking for knee osteoarthritis: walk. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:1409-1421. [PMID: 36692651 PMCID: PMC10102100 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) examining outdoor walking on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) clinical outcomes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) structural changes. METHOD This was a 24-week parallel two-arm pilot RCT in Tasmania, Australia. KOA participants were randomized to either a walking plus usual care group or a usual care control group. The walking group trained 3 days/week. The primary outcome was feasibility assessed by changes being required to the study design, recruitment, randomization, program adherence, safety, and retention. Exploratory outcomes were changes in symptoms, physical performance/activity, and MRI measures. RESULTS Forty participants (mean age 66 years (SD 1.4) and 60% female) were randomized to walking (n = 24) or usual care (n = 16). Simple randomization resulted in a difference in numbers randomized to the two groups. During the study, class sizes were reduced from 10 to 8 participants to improve supervision, and exclusion criteria were added to facilitate program adherence. In the walking group, total program adherence was 70.0% and retention 70.8% at 24 weeks. The walking group had a higher number of mild adverse events and experienced clinically important improvements in symptoms (e.g., visual analogue scale (VAS) knee pain change in the walking group: - 38.7 mm [95% CI - 47.1 to - 30.3] versus usual care group: 4.3 mm [- 4.9 to 13.4]). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the feasibility of a full-scale RCT given acceptable adherence, retention, randomization, and safety, and recruitment challenges have been identified. Large symptomatic benefits support the clinical usefulness of a subsequent trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER 12618001097235. Key Points • This pilot study is the first to investigate the effects of an outdoor walking program on knee osteoarthritis clinical outcomes and MRI joint structure, and it indicates that a full-scale RCT is feasible. • The outdoor walking program (plus usual care) resulted in large improvements in self-reported knee osteoarthritis symptoms compared to usual care alone. • The study identified recruitment challenges, and the manuscript explores these in more details and provides recommendations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J J Drummen
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | - S Balogun
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - A Lahham
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - K Bennell
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R S Hinman
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Callisaya
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G Cai
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - P Otahal
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - T Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Z Wang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - B Antony
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - I P Munugoda
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - J Martel-Pelletier
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J P Pelletier
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - F Abram
- Medical Imaging Research & Development, ArthroLab Inc, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - G Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - D Aitken
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
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Spigel D, Galsky M, Heeke A, Villaruz L, Sands J, Subbiah V, Sonpavde G, Singh A, Srinivas S, Brock G, Cai G, Bhatt K, Chakrabarti D. PP01.50 EMERGE-201: Phase 2 Basket Study of Lurbinectedin Monotherapy in Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Pan Q, Zhu R, Qiu J, Cai G. Construction of an anthropometric discriminant model for identification of elite swimmers: an adaptive lasso approach. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14635. [PMID: 36643641 PMCID: PMC9835708 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anthropometric characteristics are important factors that affect swimming performance. The aim of this study is to build a discriminant model using anthropometric factors to identify elite short-to-medium-distance freestyle swimmers through an adaptive Lasso approach. Methods The study recruited 254 swimmers (145 males and 109 females) who were divided them into elite (aged 17.9 ± 2.2 years, FINA points 793.8 ± 73.8) and non-elite (aged 17.1 ± 1.3 years, FINA points 560.6 ± 78.7) groups. Data for 73 variables were obtained, including basic information, anthropometric and derivative indicators. After filtering out highly correlated variables, 24 candidate variables were retained to be used in adaptive Lasso to select variables for prediction of elite swimmers. Deviance and area under the curve (AUC) were applied to assess the goodness of fit and prediction accuracy of the model, respectively. Results The adaptive Lasso selected 12 variables using the whole sample, with an AUC being 0.926 (95% CI [0.895-0.956]; P = 2.42 × 10-29). In stratified analysis by gender, nine variables were selected for male swimmers with an AUC of 0.921 (95% CI [0.880-0.963]; P = 8.82 × 10-17), and eight variables were for female swimmers with an AUC of 0.941 (95% CI [0.898-0.984]; P = 7.67 × 10-15). Conclusion The adaptive Lasso showed satisfactory performance in selecting anthropometric characteristics to identify elite swimmers. Additional studies with longitudinal data or data from other ethnicities are needed to validate our findings.
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Guo J, Cai G, Li YQ, Zhang YX, Su YN, Yuan DY, Zhang ZC, Liu ZZ, Cai XW, Guo J, Li L, Chen S, He XJ. Comprehensive characterization of three classes of Arabidopsis SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complexes. Nat Plants 2022; 8:1423-1439. [PMID: 36471048 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Although SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complexes are known to regulate diverse biological functions in plants, the classification, compositions and functional mechanisms of the complexes remain to be determined. Here we comprehensively characterized SWI/SNF complexes by affinity purification and mass spectrometry in Arabidopsis thaliana, and found three classes of SWI/SNF complexes, which we termed BAS, SAS and MAS (BRM-, SYD- and MINU1/2-associated SWI/SNF complexes). By investigating multiple developmental phenotypes of SWI/SNF mutants, we found that three classes of SWI/SNF complexes have both overlapping and specific functions in regulating development. To investigate how the three classes of SWI/SNF complexes differentially regulate development, we mapped different SWI/SNF components on chromatin at the whole-genome level and determined their effects on chromatin accessibility. While all three classes of SWI/SNF complexes regulate chromatin accessibility at proximal promoter regions, SAS is a major SWI/SNF complex that is responsible for mediating chromatin accessibility at distal promoter regions and intergenic regions. Histone modifications are related to both the association of SWI/SNF complexes with chromatin and the SWI/SNF-dependent chromatin accessibility. Three classes of SWI/SNF-dependent accessibility may enable different sets of transcription factors to access chromatin. These findings lay a foundation for further investigation of the function of three classes of SWI/SNF complexes in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Cai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yin-Na Su
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan-Yang Yuan
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhen-Zhen Liu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Wei Cai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Guo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - She Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Jian He
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Shi Z, Zhu X, Ke S, Qiu H, Wang J, Gong Y, Shi W, Chen J, Zhao W, Cai G, Zhangcai Y, Chen Y. Prognosis and Benefit Factors of Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Patients with Oligometastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Zhao Y, Meng K, Fu J, Xu S, Cai G, Meng G, Nielsen J, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Protein engineering of invertase for enhancing yeast dough fermentation under high-sucrose conditions. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 68:207-217. [PMID: 36201138 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-01006-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
During yeast dough fermentation, such as the high-sucrose bread-making process, the yeast cells are subjected to considerable osmotic stress, resulting in poor outcomes. Invertase is important for catalyzing the irreversible hydrolysis of sucrose to free glucose and fructose, and decreasing the catalytic activity of the invertase may reduce the glucose osmotic stress on the yeast. In this study, we performed structural design and site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae invertase (ScInV) in an Escherichia coli expression system to study the catalytic activity of ScInV mutants in vitro. In addition, we generated the same mutation sites in the yeast endogenous genome and tested their invertase activity in yeast and dough fermentation ability. Our results indicated that appropriately reduced invertase activity of yeast ScInV can enhance dough fermentation activity under high-sucrose conditions by 52%. Our systems have greatly accelerated the engineering of yeast endogenous enzymes both in vitro and in yeast, and shed light on future metabolic engineering of yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kaiwen Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinyu Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shijie Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Guang Cai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Geng Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.,Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Zihe Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yueping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Cai G, Lin Z, Shi S. Development and expansion of the CRISPR/Cas9 toolboxes for powerful genome engineering in yeast. Enzyme Microb Technol 2022; 159:110056. [PMID: 35561628 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Yeasts represent a group of the microorganisms most frequently seen in biotechnology. Recently, the class 2 type II CRISPR system (CRISPR/Cas9) has become the principal toolbox for genome editing. By efficiently implementing genetic manipulations such as gene integration/knockout, base editor, and transcription regulation, the development of biotechnological applications in yeasts has been extensively promoted. The genome-level tools based on CRISPR/Cas9, used for screening and identifying functional genes/gene clusters, are also advancing. In general, CRISPR/Cas9-assisted editing tools have gradually become standardized and function as host-orthogonal genetic systems, which results in time-saving for strain engineering and biotechnological application processes. In this review, we summarize the key points of the basic elements in the CRISPR/Cas9 system, including Cas9 variants, guide RNA, donors, and effectors. With a focus on yeast, we have also introduced the development of various CRISPR/Cas9 systems and discussed their future possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Cai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Zhenquan Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Shuobo Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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Drummen S, Balogun S, Scheepers L, Munugoda I, Lahham A, Bennell K, Hinman R, Callisaya M, Cai G, Otahal P, Winzenberg T, Wang Z, Antony B, Martel-Pelletier J, Pelletier JP, Abram F, Jones G, Aitken D. AB0994 Exploring knee osteoarthritis pain trajectories and movement-evoked pain changes during a 24-week outdoor walking program (WALK). Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundExercise therapy is recommended as first line treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA), but it remains to be sub-optimally applied (1). Movement-evoked pain is a potential barrier to exercise adherence, but recent evidence suggests that such pain can be improved by training (2). Walking programs are low-cost, easily adopted and can be performed outdoors which can minimize the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission when in a group (3).ObjectivesTo explore the acute pain trajectories of individuals with knee OA during a 24-week outdoor walking intervention. In addition, to explore the effect of pain trajectories and/or baseline characteristics on retention and adherence.MethodsIndividuals with clinical knee OA and bone marrow lesions (BMLs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were asked to follow a 24-week walking program. Every week consisted of two one hour supervised group sessions at various outdoor locations and one unsupervised session. At the start and end of every supervised group walk, knee pain was self-reported by participants to their trainer using a numerical rating scale (NRS) (0-10). The difference between the NRS pain values was considered as an acute pain change evoked by that walk. At baseline, the most affected knee of each participant was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain, the Western Ontario and McMasters Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain, stiffness and function, wellbeing (3 questionnaires) and the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) recommended strength and performance measures.ResultsIn total, N = 24 participants started the program of whom N = 7 (29%) withdrew. Pain at the start of each walk decreased from NRS 2.5 (SD 1.6) at the first walk (N = 24) to NRS 0.9 (SD 0.8) at the final walk (N = 17). This pain was estimated to decrease on NRS by -0.04 (95% CI -0.05 to -0.02) per supervised session, p < 0.001 during the first 12 weeks and -0.01 (95% CI -0.02 to -0.004), p = 0.004 during the second twelve weeks of the program. The number (%) of participants who experienced an acute increase in pain decreased from 11 (45.8%) at the first walk to 4 (23.5%) at the last walk.At baseline, non-adherent participants (<70% of group sessions) (N = 11) had lower physical performance scores, including the 30s Chair Stand Test (mean 10 (SD 1.7) stands versus mean 12.0 (SD 1.7) stands, p = 0.011), Fast Past Walk Test (1.23 (SD 0.14) meter per seconds (m/s) vs 1.50 (SD 0.20) m/s, p = 0.001), Six Minute Walk Test (418.8 (SD 75.9) m vs 529 (SD 72.6) m, p = 0.002), compared to adherent participants (N = 13). Non-adherent participants also had less severe self-reported symptoms including WOMAC stiffness (90.7 (SD 44.5) mm vs 121.5 (SD 17.0) mm, p = 0.031), compared to adherent participants. During the first two weeks of walking, acute increases in pain on average (mean ≥0.5 NRS) were reported by a greater number of non-adherent (N = 5 (45.5%)) than adherent participants (n = 4 (30.8%)).ConclusionThis was an exploratory study and results need to be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size. The walking program resulted in clinically important improvements (MCIIs) (≥ 1 on NRS) (4) in start pain and acute pain changes. Improvements in start pain during the first 12-weeks were comparable to improvements measured in the NEMEX program (2) and may suggest that 12 weeks of exercise is sufficient to achieve MCIIs in pain. Improvements in acute changes in pain were smaller, which may have been related to a floor effect (5). Lower physical performance scores at baseline and more acute increases in pain during the first two weeks was associated with non-adherence. Participants with these characteristics may benefit from a lighter introduction to exercise.References[1]Bennell KL, et al. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific. 2021;12:100187.[2]Sandal LF, et al. Osteoarthritis and cartilage. 2016;24(4):589-92.[3]Bulfone TC, et al. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2021;223(4):550-61.[4]Perrot S, et al. Pain. 2013;154(2):248-56.[5]McHorney CA, et al. Quality of life research. 1995;4(4):293-307.AcknowledgementsWe thank the participants who made this study possible. We would like to acknowledge the research staff, Kate Probert, Lizzy Reid, Simone Fitzgerald, Claire Roberts, Jasmin Ritchie, Dawn Simpson, and Tim Albion. We also thank Hamish Newsham-West for his contribution to the study design.Disclosure of InterestsStan Drummen: None declared, Saliu Balogun: None declared, Lieke Scheepers Grant/research support from: Competitive Grant Program Inflammation ASPIRE 2020 Rheumatology International Developed Markets from Pfizer, Employee of: previously worked as an Associate Director Epidemiology at the Medical Evidence Observational Research Department at AstraZeneca., Ishanka Munugoda: None declared, aroub lahham: None declared, Kim Bennell: None declared, Rana Hinman: None declared, Michele Callisaya: None declared, Guoqi Cai: None declared, Petr Otahal: None declared, Tania Winzenberg Consultant of: received payment to create educational material by AMGEN, Zhiqiang Wang: None declared, Benny Antony: None declared, Johanne Martel-Pelletier Shareholder of: ArthroLab Inc., Jean-Pierre Pelletier Shareholder of: ArthroLab Inc., François Abram Consultant of: ArthroLab Inc., Employee of: Arthrolab Inc., Graeme Jones Speakers bureau: received payment for a speakers bureau from Novartis, Dawn Aitken: None declared
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Cai G, Li X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ma Y, Xu S, Shuai Z, Peng X, Pan F. Knee symptom but not radiographic knee osteoarthritis increases the risk of falls and fractures: results from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:436-442. [PMID: 34863991 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the effect of knee symptoms and radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) on the risk of falls, recurrent falls, and fractures. DESIGN Participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were classified as having 'no', 'unilateral' or 'bilateral' knee symptoms (≥19 on a 0-96 Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) and ROA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥2) for each visit. Self-reported falls and fractures in the past 12 months were extracted at baseline and follow-up visits until month 96. Recurrent falls were defined as having ≥2 falls in the past 12 months. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using mixed-effects complementary log-log regression. RESULTS Of 4465 participants, 3145 (70%), 1681 (38%), and 806 (18%) experienced at least one fall, recurrent fall, and fracture, respectively, over 96 months. Compared to participants without symptomatic knee, unilateral and bilateral knee symptoms were associated with a 17% increased risk of falls and a 36-46% increased risk of recurrent falls, and bilateral knee symptoms increased the risk of fractures (HR 1.45, 95%CI 1.17 to 1.81). Compared to participants with no ROA in either knee, bilateral ROA was associated with a reduced risk of falls (HR 0.87, 95%CI 0.77 to 0.99) and fractures (HR 0.78, 95%CI 0.64 to 0.96). No statistically significant interactions between knee symptoms and ROA were observed. CONCLUSIONS This large population-based study showed that knee symptoms but not ROA increased the risk of falls, recurrent falls, and fractures, and that adults with bilateral ROA may have a lower risk of falls and fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - X Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Y Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - S Xu
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - Z Shuai
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - X Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230088, Anhui, China.
| | - F Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Gao X, Zhang J, Li J, Wang Y, Zhang R, Du H, Yin J, Cai G, Wang R, Zhang B, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Huang J. The phosphoproteomic and interactomic landscape of qGL3/OsPPKL1-mediated brassinosteroid signaling in rice. Plant J 2022; 109:1048-1063. [PMID: 34839552 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oryza sativa L. (rice) is one of the most important crops in the world, and grain size is a major component determining rice yield. Recent studies have identified a number of grain size regulators, which are involved in phytohormone signaling, G protein signaling, the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway or transcriptional regulation. In a previous study, we cloned qGL3/OsPPKL1 encoding a rice protein phosphatase that negatively modulates brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and grain length. Here, to further explore the qGL3-mediated BR signaling network, we performed phosphoproteomic screenings using two pairs of rice materials: the indica rice cultivar 9311 and its near-isogenic line NILqgl3 and the japonica rice cultivar Dongjin and its qGL3 knockout mutant m-qgl3. Together with qGL3-interacting proteins, we constructed the qGL3-mediated network, which reveals the relationships between BR signaling and other critical signaling pathways. Transgenic plants of these network components showed BR-related alterations in plant architecture. From this network, we validated a qGL3-interacting protein, O. sativa VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3-LIKE 1 (OsVIL1), and demonstrated that qGL3 dephosphorylates OsVIL1 to modulate BR signaling. The qGL3-dependent network uncovered in this study increases our understanding of BR signaling and provides a profound foundation for addressing how BR modulates plant architecture in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huaying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ruqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Baoyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, China
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YANG C, Yang C, Lin S, Chen P, Wu J, Meng J, Zhu F, Wang Y, Liang S, Feng Z, Chen X, Cai G. POS-154 A NOMOGRAM FOR PREDICTING ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH MINIMAL CHANGE DISEASE. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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OUYANG Q, Sang T, Cai G, Chen X. POS-451 SELF-ASSEMBLED PRO-APOPTOTIC GLYCOL-PEPTIDE BIVA-PK AMELIORATES RENAL FIBROSIS AFTER ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY BY TARGETING M2 MACROPHAGES. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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HAN Q, Wang X, Ding X, Li Q, Cai G, Zhu H. POS-368 Salivary glycopatterns as potential non-invasive biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Gao X, Zhang J, Cai G, Du H, Li J, Wang R, Wang Y, Yin J, Zhang W, Zhang H, Huang J. qGL3/OsPPKL1 induces phosphorylation of 14-3-3 protein OsGF14b to inhibit OsBZR1 function in brassinosteroid signaling. Plant Physiol 2022; 188:624-636. [PMID: 34662408 PMCID: PMC8774794 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play essential roles in regulating plant growth and development, however, gaps still remain in our understanding of the BR signaling network. We previously cloned a grain length quantitative trait locus qGL3, encoding a rice (Oryza sativa L.) protein phosphatase with Kelch-like repeat domain (OsPPKL1), that negatively regulates grain length and BR signaling. To further explore the BR signaling network, we performed phosphoproteomic analysis to screen qGL3-regulated downstream components. We selected a 14-3-3 protein OsGF14b from the phosphoproteomic data for further analysis. qGL3 promoted the phosphorylation of OsGF14b and induced the interaction intensity between OsGF14b and OsBZR1. In addition, phosphorylation of OsGF14b played an important role in regulating nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of OsBZR1. The serine acids (Ser258Ser259) residues of OsGF14b play an essential role in BR-mediated responses and plant development. Genetic and molecular analyses indicated that OsGF14b functions as a negative regulator in BR signaling and represses the transcriptional activation activity of OsBZR1. Collectively, these results demonstrate that qGL3 induces the phosphorylation of OsGF14b, which modulates nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and transcriptional activation activity of OsBZR1, to eventually negatively regulate BR signaling and grain length in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huaying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wencai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, China
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Zhang J, Gao X, Cai G, Wang Y, Li J, Du H, Wang R, Zhang H, Huang J. An Adenylate Kinase OsAK3 Involves Brassinosteroid Signaling and Grain Length in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Rice (N Y) 2021; 14:105. [PMID: 34962599 PMCID: PMC8714616 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00546-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grain size is one of the major determinants of cereal crop yield. As a class of plant polyhydroxysteroids, brassinosteroids (BRs) play essential roles in the regulation of grain size and plant architecture in rice. In a previous research, we cloned qGL3/OsPPKL1 encoding a protein phosphatase with Kelch-like repeat domains, which negatively regulates BR signaling and grain length in rice. RESULTS Here, we screened qGL3-interacting proteins (GIPs) via yeast two-hybrid assay and analyzed the phenotypes of the T-DNA insertion mutants of GIPs. Among these mutants, mutant osak3 presents shorter grain length and dwarfing phenotype. OsAK3 encodes an adenylate kinase, which regulates grain size by controlling cell expansion of rice spikelet glume. Overexpression of OsAK3 resulted in longer grain length. OsAK3 interacts with qGL3 in vivo and in vitro. Lamina inclination, coleoptile elongation and root inhibition experiments showed that the osak3 mutant was less sensitive to exogenous brassinolide (BL) treatment. The transcriptional level of OsAK3 was up-regulated under BL induction. In addition, RNA-Seq data indicate that OsAK3 is involved in a variety of biological processes that regulate BR signaling and grain development in rice. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals a novel BR signaling component OsAK3 in the regulation of grain length, and provides novel clues for uncovering the potential functions of OsAK3 in rice growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiuying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huaying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ruqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Lin Z, Xu K, Cai G, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhang Z, Nielsen J, Shi S, Liu Z. Characterization of cross-species transcription and splicing from Penicillium to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 48:kuab054. [PMID: 34387324 PMCID: PMC8788760 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Heterologous expression of eukaryotic gene clusters in yeast has been widely used for producing high-value chemicals and bioactive secondary metabolites. However, eukaryotic transcription cis-elements are still undercharacterized, and the cross-species expression mechanism remains poorly understood. Here we used the whole expression unit (including original promoter, terminator, and open reading frame with introns) of orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylases from 14 Penicillium species as a showcase, and analyzed their cross-species expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that pyrG promoters from the Penicillium species could drive URA3 expression in yeast, and that inefficient cross-species splicing of Penicillium introns might result in weak cross-species expression. Thus, this study demonstrates cross-species expression from Penicillium to yeast, and sheds light on the opportunities and challenges of cross-species expression of fungi expression units and gene clusters in yeast without refactoring for novel natural product discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenquan Lin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Kang Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Guang Cai
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yangqingxue Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Jens Nielsen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- BioInnovation Institute, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Shuobo Shi
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
| | - Zihe Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China
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Cai G, Yu J, Meng X. Association Between Changes in Myocardial F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake and Cardiac Toxicity or Overall Survival for Inoperable NSCLC Patients Receiving Chemoradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cai G, Yu J, Meng X. Dosimetric Predictors of Cardiac Events After Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shi Z, Zhu X, Ke S, Qiu H, Cai G, Zhangcai Y, Chen Y. Clinical Parameters Predicting Prognosis for Elderly Patients With Synchronous Oligometastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Serafini-Fracassini D, Della Mea M, Parrotta L, Faleri C, Cai G, Del Duca S, Aloisi I. AtPng1 knockout mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana shows a juvenile phenotype, morpho-functional changes, altered stress response and cell wall modifications. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 167:11-21. [PMID: 34325356 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to ascertain the role of plant transglutaminases (TGase) in growth and abiotic stress response, the AtPng1 knock out (KO) line of A. thaliana has been analyzed during plant development and under heat and wound stress. Comparing wild type (WT) and KO lines a 58-kDa band was immunodetected by anti-AtPng1p antibody in the cell wall and chloroplasts only in the WT line. A residual TGase activity, not showing correlation with development nor stress response, was still present in the KO line. The KO line was less developed, with a juvenile phenotype characterized by fewer, smaller and less differentiated cells. Chloroplast TGase activity was insensitive to mutation. Data on stressed plants showed that (i) KO plants under heat stress were more juvenile compared to WT, (ii) different responses between WT and KO lines after wounding took place. TGase activity was not completely absent in the KO line, presenting high activity in the plastidial fraction. In general, the mutation affected A. thaliana growth and development, causing less differentiated cytological and anatomical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Serafini-Fracassini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - M Della Mea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - L Parrotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - C Faleri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena, 53100, Italy
| | - G Cai
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita, Università Degli Studi di Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena, 53100, Italy
| | - S Del Duca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna, 40126, Italy.
| | - I Aloisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna, 40126, Italy
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Fu J, Zhang Y, Cai G, Meng G, Shi S. Rapid and sensitive RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay for point-of-care detection of African swine fever virus. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254815. [PMID: 34280234 PMCID: PMC8289064 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a serious contagious disease that causes fatal haemorrhagic fever in domestic and wild pigs, with high morbidity. It has caused devastating damage to the swine industry worldwide, necessitating the focus of attention on detection of the ASF pathogen, the African swine fever virus (ASFV). In order to overcome the disadvantages of conventional diagnostic methods (e.g. time-consuming, demanding and unintuitive), quick detection tools with higher sensitivity need to be explored. In this study, based on the conserved p72 gene sequence of ASFV, we combined the Cas12a-based assay with recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and a fluorophore-quencher (FQ)-labeled reporter assay for rapid and visible detection. Five crRNAs designed for Cas12a-based assay showed specificity with remarkable fluorescence intensity under visual inspection. Within 20 minutes, with an initial concentration of two copies of DNA, the assay can produce significant differences between experimental and negative groups, indicating the high sensitivity and rapidity of the method. Overall, the developed RPA-Cas12a-fluorescence assay provides a fast and visible tool for point-of-care ASFV detection with high sensitivity and specificity, which can be rapidly performed on-site under isothermal conditions, promising better control and prevention of ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yueping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Cai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Geng Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (GM); (SS)
| | - Shuobo Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (GM); (SS)
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Zhong H, Cheng S, Zhang X, Xu B, Chen J, Jiang X, Hu Y, Cui G, Wei J, Qian W, Huang X, Hou M, Yan F, Wang X, Song Y, Hu J, Liu Y, Ma X, Li F, Wu C, Chen J, Yu L, Bai O, Xu J, Zhu Z, Liu L, Zhou X, Huang L, Tong Y, Niu T, Wu D, Xiong J, Zhang H, Wang C, Ouyang B, Yi H, Cai G, Li B, Liu J, Li Z, Xiao R, Wang L, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Zheng X, Xu P, Huang H, Wang L, Chen S, Zhao W. ESA VERSUS MESA WITH SANDWICHED RADIOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY‐STAGE NATURAL KILLER/T‐CELL LYMPHOMA: A MULTICENTRE, RANDOMISED, PHASE 3, NON‐INFERIORITY TRIAL. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.52_2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Ke D, Lu D, Cai G, Wang X, Zhang J, Suzuki K. Chronological and Skeletal Age in Relation to Physical Fitness Performance in Preschool Children. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:641353. [PMID: 34055684 PMCID: PMC8160222 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.641353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Physical fitness is an adaptive state that varies with an individual's growth and maturity status. Considering that the difference in skeletal maturity already existed among preschool children, this study was designed to determine the influence of skeletal age and chronological age on preschoolers' physical fitness performance. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 945 healthy preschoolers (509 males, 436 females) aged between 3.0 and 6.0 years in Shanghai, China. We used the method of TW3-C RUS to determine skeletal age. Chronological age was measured by subtracting the date of birth from the test date. Sit and reach, 2 × 10 m shuttle run test, standing long jump, tennis ball throw, 5 m jump on both feet, and balance beam walk were considered for physical fitness performance. Correlation coefficients and partial correlations adjusting height and weight were used to determine the relationships among the variables of skeletal age/ relative skeletal age, chronological age/relative chronological age, and physical fitness items. Results: Skill-related physical fitness was weakly to moderately associated with skeletal age (the absolute value of r: 0.225-0.508, p < 0.01) and was moderately to strongly associated with chronological age (the absolute value of r: 0.405-0.659, p < 0.01). Health-related physical fitness items (BMI and sit and reach) showed a fairly weak to no correlation with skeletal age and chronological age. After adjusting the height and weight, an extremely weak to no correlation was observed between skeletal age and both health- and skill-related physical fitness, and weak-moderate correlations were noted between chronological age and skill-related physical fitness (the absolute value of r: 0.220-0.419, p < 0.01). In children in Grade 1, skill-related physical fitness (except for balance beam walk) showed a weak to moderate correlation with relative chronological age (the absolute value of r: 0.227-0.464, p < 0.05). Conclusion: (1) both skeletal age and chronological age are associated with skill-related rather than health-related physical fitness performance, and after adjusting height and weight, chronological age, rather than skeletal age, is associated with skill-related physical fitness performance; (2) for preschool children, skill-related physical fitness performance is influenced by relative chronological age rather than individual differences in skeletal maturation, especially in the lower grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ke
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
| | - Dajiang Lu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Cai
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Women and Children's Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Koya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Inzai, Japan
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Tang Z, Gao X, Zhan X, Fang N, Wang R, Zhan C, Zhang J, Cai G, Cheng J, Bao Y, Zhang H, Huang J. Natural variation in OsGASR7 regulates grain length in rice. Plant Biotechnol J 2021; 19:14-16. [PMID: 32569443 PMCID: PMC7769224 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiuying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiangyun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Nengyan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Institute of Crop SciencesFujian Academy of Agricultural SciencesFuzhouChina
| | - Ruqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chengfang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Guang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jinping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yongmei Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ji Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementCollege of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
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Cai G, Meng X, Yu J. The Predictive Value of Substructure and Whole Heart Dosimetric Variables for Cardiac Events and Overall Survival in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer receiving Chemoradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cai G, Meng X, Yu J. A Novel Independent Risk Factor for Radiation Pneumonitis in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Definitive Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Liu J, Li J, Zeng S, Cai G, Wang Y, Chi J, Li R, Yu Y, Jiao X, Dai Y, Feng Y, Van Zandt M, Seager S, Reich C, Gao Q. Evolution of treatments for endometrial cancers: Clinical data from two national medical databases. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cai G, Gao Y, Lu W, Zeng S, Chi J, Jiao X, Li R, Li X, Liu J, Song K, Yu Y, Dai Y, Cui B, Lv W, Kong B, Xie X, Ma D, Gao Q. Ovarian cancer and pretreatment thrombosis-associated indices: Evidence based on multicenter, retrospective, observational study. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gao Y, Zeng S, Xiong X, Cai G, Wang Z, Xu X, Chi J, Jiao X, Liu J, Li R, Yao S, Li X, Song K, Tang J, Xing H, Yu Z, Zeng S, Zhang Q, Yi C, Kong B, Xie X, Ma D, Li X, Gao Q. A deep convolutional neural network enabled pelvic ultrasound imaging algorithm for early and accurate diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ke D, Lu D, Cai G, Zhang J, Wang X, Suzuki K. Accelerated skeletal maturation is associated with overweight and obesity as early as preschool age: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:452. [PMID: 32988365 PMCID: PMC7520956 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02353-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Body mass index (BMI) and skeletal age (SA) are important indicators of individual growth and maturation. Although the results have not been unified, most studies indicated that accelerated skeletal maturation is associated with overweight/obesity. However, there have so far been insufficient studies about the association between accelerated skeletal maturation and overweight/obesity in preschoolers, particularly Asian children. A cross-sectional study was conducted on Chinese children to verify the association between accelerated skeletal maturation and overweight/obesity at preschool age. Methods The study involved 1330 participants aged 3.1–6.6 years old (730 males and 600 females) in Shanghai, China. The skeletal age was determined according to the method of TW3-C RUS. Accelerated skeletal maturation was defined as relative SA (SA minus chronological age [CA]) ≥1.0 years. BMI was classified as thinness, normal weight, overweight, and obesity according to the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) BMI cut-offs. The Chi-square was performed to determine the statistically significant difference in the frequency of accelerated skeletal maturation in BMI and age categories. The logistic regression model analyzed the association between accelerated skeletal maturation and overweight/obesity. Results The percentage of accelerated skeletal maturation increased with BMI (7.8% of children in thinness group had accelerated skeletal maturation; the percentage increased to 30.8% in obese group. x2 = 89.442, df = 3, P < 0.01) and age group (at age 3.5, 3.5% of participants had accelerated skeletal maturation; at age 6.0 years, this increased to 27.8%. x2 = 43.417, df = 5, P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that children with overweight and obesity are more likely to have accelerated skeletal maturation than children with normal weight after adjusting for gender and age (Overweight, odds ratio [OR] = 3.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.20–4.87; Obese, OR = 4.73, 95% CI: 2.99–7.48). Conclusions There is an association between accelerated skeletal maturation and overweight/obesity among preschool children. This study suggests that accelerated skeletal maturation might coexist with overweight/obesity in preschool children, and interventions, such as dietary modifications and increasing levels of physical activity, should be employed to prevent both accelerated skeletal maturation and overweight/obesity as early as preschool age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ke
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1- 1 Hiraka-gakuendai, Inzai-city, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan
| | - Dajiang Lu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, No. 650 Qingyuan Ring Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Cai
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science, No.87 Wuxing Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Women and Children's Health, No.339 Luding Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, No. 650 Qingyuan Ring Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Koya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1- 1 Hiraka-gakuendai, Inzai-city, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.
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Cai G, Keen HI, Host LV, Aitken D, Laslett LL, Winzenberg T, Wluka AE, Black D, Jones G. Once-yearly zoledronic acid and change in abdominal aortic calcification over 3 years in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: results from the HORIZON Pivotal Fracture Trial. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:1741-1747. [PMID: 32361951 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05430-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study evaluated whether zoledronic acid (ZA) inhibited the progression of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) over 3 years in 502 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. AAC progressed in a similar proportion of participants in the ZA (29%) and placebo (31%) groups, suggesting no effect of ZA on AAC progression. INTRODUCTION Bisphosphonate use is associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. The underlying mechanisms are uncertain but may include effects on vascular calcification. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of zoledronic acid (ZA) on abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. METHODS This was a post hoc analysis of the HORIZON Pivotal Fracture Trial that included 502 postmenopausal women (mean age 72.5 years) with osteoporosis (234 received ZA and 268 placebo). AAC scores (range, 0-8) were assessed from paired spine X-rays at baseline and after 3 years. Progression of AAC was defined as any increase in AAC score. The association between change in hip and femoral neck bone mineral density and change in AAC score was also assessed. RESULTS At baseline, 292 (58.2%) participants had AAC (i.e., AAC score > 0), with AAC scores similar in the two intervention groups (median [interquartile range], 1 [0 to 2] for both; p = 0.98). Over 3 years, AAC progressed in a similar proportion of participants in both groups (ZA 29% and placebo 31%; p = 0.64). Change in bone mineral density and change in AAC score were not correlated. CONCLUSION Once-yearly zoledronic acid did not affect progression of AAC over 3 years in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00049829.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cai
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia
| | - H I Keen
- Department of Rheumatology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - L V Host
- Department of Rheumatology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Australia
| | - D Aitken
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia
| | - L L Laslett
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia
| | - T Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia
| | - A E Wluka
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D Black
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - G Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia.
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Parrotta L, Aloisi I, Faleri C, Romi M, Del Duca S, Cai G. Chronic heat stress affects the photosynthetic apparatus of Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Micro-Tom. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 154:463-475. [PMID: 32912485 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most widely cultivated crops in the world. Tomato is a plant model and the relationship between yield and biotic/abiotic stress has attracted increasing scientific interest. Tomato cultivation under sub-optimal conditions usually negatively impacts growth and development; in particular, heat stress affects several cellular and metabolic processes, such as respiration and photosynthesis. In this work, we studied the effects of chronic heat stress on various cytological and biochemical aspects using the Micro-Tom cultivar as a model. Photosynthetic efficiency decreased during heat stress while levels of post-photosynthetic sugars (sucrose, fructose, glucose and glucose 6-phosphate) oscillated during stress. Similarly, photosynthetic pigments (lutein, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and β-carotene) showed an oscillating downward trend with partial recovery during the stress-free phase. The energetic capacity of leaves (e.g. ATP and ADP) was altered, as well as the reactive oxygen species (ROS) profile; the latter increased during stress. Important effects were also found on the accumulation of Rubisco isoforms, which decreased in number. Heat stress also resulted in a decreased accumulation of lipids (oleic and linoleic acid). Photosynthetically alterations were accompanied by cytological changes in leaf structure, particularly in the number of lipid bodies and starch granules. Prolonged heat stress progressively compromised the photosynthetic efficiency of tomato leaves. The present study reports multi-approach information on metabolic and photosynthetic injuries and responses of tomato plants to chronic heat stress, highlighting the plant's ability to adapt to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Parrotta
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - I Aloisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Faleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Romi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - S Del Duca
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - G Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Cai G, Cicuttini F, Aitken D, Laslett LL, Zhu Z, Winzenberg T, Jones G. Comparison of radiographic and MRI osteoarthritis definitions and their combination for prediction of tibial cartilage loss, knee symptoms and total knee replacement: a longitudinal study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:1062-1070. [PMID: 32413465 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the value of radiographic- and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-defined tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (ROA and MRI-OA, respectively) and in combination for predicting tibial cartilage loss, knee pain and disability and total knee replacement (TKR) in a population-based cohort. DESIGN A radiograph and 1.5T MRI of the right knee was performed. ROA and MRI-OA at baseline were defined according to the Osteoarthritis Research Society International atlas and a published Delphi exercise, respectively. Tibial cartilage volume was measured over 2.6 and 10.7 years. Knee pain and disability were assessed at baseline, 2.6, 5.1 and 10.7 years. Right-sided TKRs were assessed over 13.5 years. RESULTS Of 574 participants (mean 62 years, 49% female), 8% had ROA alone, 15% had MRI-OA alone, 13% had both ROA and MRI-OA. Having ROA (vs. no ROA) and MRI-OA (vs. no MRI-OA) predicted greater tibial cartilage loss over 2.6 years (-75.9 and -86.4 mm3/year) and higher risk of TKR over 13.5 years (Risk Ratio [RR]: 15.0 and 10.9). Only MRI-OA predicted tibial cartilage loss over 10.7 years (-7.1 mm3/year) and only ROA predicted onset and progression of knee symptoms (RR: 1.32-1.88). In participants with both MRI-OA and ROA, tibial cartilage loss was the greatest (over 2.6 years: -116.1 mm3/year; over 10.7 years: -11.2 mm3/year), and the onset and progression of knee symptoms (RR: 1.75-2.89) and risk of TKR (RR: 50.9) were the highest. CONCLUSIONS The Delphi definition of MRI-OA is not superior to ROA for predicting structural or symptomatic OA progression but, combining MRI-OA and ROA has much stronger predictive validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cai
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
| | - F Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University Medical School, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - D Aitken
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
| | - L L Laslett
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
| | - Z Zhu
- Clinical Research Centre, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - T Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
| | - G Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
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Hastings K, Yu HA, Wei W, Sanchez-Vega F, DeVeaux M, Choi J, Rizvi H, Lisberg A, Truini A, Lydon CA, Liu Z, Henick BS, Wurtz A, Cai G, Plodkowski AJ, Long NM, Halpenny DF, Killam J, Oliva I, Schultz N, Riely GJ, Arcila ME, Ladanyi M, Zelterman D, Herbst RS, Goldberg SB, Awad MM, Garon EB, Gettinger S, Hellmann MD, Politi K. EGFR mutation subtypes and response to immune checkpoint blockade treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:1311-1320. [PMID: 31086949 PMCID: PMC6683857 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although EGFR mutant tumors exhibit low response rates to immune checkpoint blockade overall, some EGFR mutant tumors do respond to these therapies; however, there is a lack of understanding of the characteristics of EGFR mutant lung tumors responsive to immune checkpoint blockade. Patients and methods We retrospectively analyzed de-identified clinical and molecular data on 171 cases of EGFR mutant lung tumors treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors from the Yale Cancer Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, and Dana Farber Cancer Institute. A separate cohort of 383 EGFR mutant lung cancer cases with sequencing data available from the Yale Cancer Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and The Cancer Genome Atlas was compiled to assess the relationship between tumor mutation burden and specific EGFR alterations. Results Compared with 212 EGFR wild-type lung cancers, outcomes with programmed cell death 1 or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-(L)1) blockade were worse in patients with lung tumors harboring alterations in exon 19 of EGFR (EGFRΔ19) but similar for EGFRL858R lung tumors. EGFRT790M status and PD-L1 expression did not impact response or survival outcomes to immune checkpoint blockade. PD-L1 expression was similar across EGFR alleles. Lung tumors with EGFRΔ19 alterations harbored a lower tumor mutation burden compared with EGFRL858R lung tumors despite similar smoking history. Conclusions EGFR mutant tumors have generally low response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, but outcomes vary by allele. Understanding the heterogeneity of EGFR mutant tumors may be informative for establishing the benefits and uses of PD-(L)1 therapies for patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H A Yu
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
| | - W Wei
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven
| | - F Sanchez-Vega
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program; Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York
| | - M DeVeaux
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven
| | - J Choi
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - H Rizvi
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - A Lisberg
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | | | - C A Lydon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Z Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - B S Henick
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York
| | - A Wurtz
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven
| | - G Cai
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - A J Plodkowski
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - N M Long
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - D F Halpenny
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - J Killam
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - I Oliva
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - N Schultz
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program; Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
| | - G J Riely
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
| | - M E Arcila
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - M Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | | | - R S Herbst
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - S B Goldberg
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - M M Awad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - E B Garon
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles
| | - S Gettinger
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - M D Hellmann
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York.
| | - K Politi
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
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Antony B, Wang Z, Winzenberg T, Cai G, Laslett L, Aitken D, Hopper I, Singh A, Jones R, Fripp J, Ding C, Jones G. FRI0383 A RANDOMISED PLACEBO-CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL OF CURCUMA LONGA EXTRACT FOR TREATING SYMPTOMS AND EFFUSION-SYNOVITIS OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS (CURKOA TRIAL). Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Pharmacological therapies are limited, associated with off-target effects, are frequently contraindicated, and only modestly effective for pain in osteoarthritis (OA). Effusion and synovitis are common in OA and are associated with symptomatic and structural progression of OA.Curcuma longa(Turmeric) extract has anti-inflammatory effects and is gaining popularity in the treatment of OA despite the lack of high-quality evidence.Objectives:The CurKOA trial aimed to determine the efficacy ofCurcuma longaextract for reducing knee symptoms and effusion-synovitis in patients with symptomatic knee OA and knee effusion-synovitis.Methods:In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, participants with significant knee pain (≥ 40 mm on a 100-mm visual analog scale [VAS]), symptomatic knee OA (by ACR criteria) and ultrasound defined effusion-synovitis were randomised to receiveCurcuma longaextract (80% aqueous based extract standardized to turmerosaccharides + 20% curcuminoids, 2 × 500 mg capsules/day) or identical placebo for 12 weeks. Knee MRI scans were obtained at baseline and 12 weeks. Coprimary outcomes were changes in knee pain assessed by VAS and change in knee effusion-synovitis volume assessed by MRI over 12 weeks.Results:Among 70 participants (36 receivedCurcuma longa, 34 received placebo, age 61.8±8.6 years, 56% female),Curcuma longasignificantly improved VAS knee pain compared to placebo (-9.11mm, 95% confidence interval [CI] [- 17.79 to -0.44]) over 12 weeks, equivalent to a standardised effect size of 0.50. There was no significant between group difference in change in effusion-synovitis volume (3.24 mL [-0.33, 6.82]). There were significantly greater reductions in WOMAC knee pain (-47.22mm [-81.22, -13.22]), WOMAC function (-112.26mm [-222.79 to -1.74]) and significantly more OARSI-OMERACT treatment responders (63% treatment vs. 38% placebo [Risk Ratio=1.64 (1.00 to 2.70)]) in theCurcuma longagroup compared to the placebo group. There was no significant between-group difference in lateral femoral cartilage T2 relaxation time (-0.38 ms [- 1.10 to 0.34]) assessed from compositional MRI. The incidence of adverse events was similar in theCurcuma longa(n=14 (39%)) and placebo (n=18 (53%)) groups over 12 weeks (P=0.24).Conclusion:An extract ofCurcuma longasignificantly improved knee pain in an inflammatory phenotype of knee OA patients over 12 weeks compared to placebo but had no effect on knee effusion-synovitis and cartilage composition assessed using MRI. The moderate effect size of the treatment supports the use ofCurcuma longaextract for the symptomatic management of knee OA.Figure 1.Change in VAS and WOMAC subscale scores in treatment and control groups over the course of the study. (VAS = Visual analog scale, WOMAC = Western Ontario and McMaster University Index, CL = Curcuma longa extract)Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Cai G, Otahal P, Cicuttini F, Wu F, Munugoda IP, Jones G, Aitken D. The association of subchondral and systemic bone mineral density with osteoarthritis-related joint replacements in older adults. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:438-445. [PMID: 32119971 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.02.832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the association of subchondral and systemic bone mineral density (BMD) with knee and hip replacements (KR and HR, respectively) due to osteoarthritis. DESIGN 1,095 participants (mean age 63 years, 51% female) were included. At baseline, subchondral BMD of the medial and lateral tibia in three regions of interest (ROI) for the right knee, and systemic BMD of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip and whole-body, were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Subchondral BMD of the hip was not measured. Competing risk regression models were used to estimate sub-distribution hazard ratios (SHRs) of KR/HR per one standard deviation (SD) higher in BMD measures, with adjustment of potential confounders. RESULTS Over 12.2 years, 79 (7.2%) participants underwent a KR and 56 (5.1%) an HR due to osteoarthritis. For the right side, medial subchondral BMD in ROI-3 was associated with an increased risk of KR (SHR 1.95 per SD; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.57 to 2.43). In contrast, systemic BMD was not associated with the risk of KR, but higher BMD at the lumbar spine (1.42, 1.07 to 1.88) and whole-body (1.29, 1.00 to 1.66) were associated with an increased risk of HR at both sides. CONCLUSIONS Subchondral BMD is positively associated with an increased risk of KR and systemic BMD with an increased risk of HR, suggesting a role of BMD in the progression of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cai
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - P Otahal
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - F Cicuttini
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University Medical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - F Wu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - I P Munugoda
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - G Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - D Aitken
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
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Abstract
OCT4, a marker of embryonic stem cells, is also a key transcription factor that plays a regulatory role in the self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. Previous studies showed that DNA methylation is involved in the regulation of OCT4 expression during the development and differentiation of embryonic stem cells. However, DNA methylation in the promoter region of OCT4 has not yet been discussed in human recurrent glioma. In this study, we assessed the specimens from 24 cases of recurrent glioma for OCT4 expression and methylation status, and commenced analyzing the correlation between the two by treating glioma cells with a demethylating agent in vitro. The results demonstrated that for the same cases, the expression of OCT4 in specimens of recurrent glioma was significant higher than that in primary glioma (P<0.05). DNA methylation levels in recurrent glioma decreased obviously compared with that in primary glioma (t=9.800, P=0.008). In vitro study indicated, following demethylation treatment, glioma cells had an increased OCT4 expression. These results suggest that DNA hypomethylation may be a key mechanism underlying the up-regulation of OCT4 in the recurrence of glioma, which facilitates the understanding of the role of stem cells and the exploration of novel strategies for the treatment of recurrent glioma.
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Zhang W, Jia L, Liu DLX, Chen L, Wang Q, Song K, Nie S, Ma J, Chen X, Xiu M, Gao M, Zhao D, Zheng Y, Duan S, Dong Z, Li Z, Wang P, Fu B, Cai G, Sun X, Chen X. Serum Stem Cell Factor Level Predicts Decline in Kidney Function in Healthy Aging Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:813-820. [PMID: 31641730 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Stem cell factor (SCF), the ligand of the c-kit receptor, actively participates in the organ reconstruction and fibrosis associated with various diseases, including kidney disease. However, it remains unclear whether SCF plays a role in kidney aging. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND MEASUREMENTS In the present study, we measured the serum SCF level, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and other biological parameters in a Chinese Han group of 892 subjects, and explored the relationship between SCF level and renal function during aging; we sought to define novel biomarkers of kidney aging. RESULTS Multiple linear regression was used to select potential indicators of decline in renal function. Only age, SCF level, and 25% maximum expiratory flow (25% MEF) were significant predictors after redundancy analysis (|r| > 0.70 and P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that the relationship among eGFR, SCF level, and age could be described as follows: eGFR = 154.486 - (0.846 × age) - (0.011 × SCF level). CONCLUSIONS We found no between-gender difference in the effect of SCF on kidney aging. In conclusion, the SCF level is an ideal biomarker of renal aging and may help to predict changes in eGFR during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Mr. Weiguang Zhang, Department of Nephrology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, National Clinic Research Center for Kidney Diseases, A28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China; Tel +86 15811088843; E-mail:
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