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Gandhi GR, Mohana T, Athesh K, Hillary VE, Vasconcelos ABS, Farias de Franca MN, Montalvão MM, Ceasar SA, Jothi G, Sridharan G, Gurgel RQ, Xu B. Anti-inflammatory natural products modulate interleukins and their related signaling markers in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1408-1428. [PMID: 38223446 PMCID: PMC10785269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aims to identify in vivo studies investigating the potential of plant substances and their natural molecules in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Specifically, the objective is to examine the impact of these substances on interleukins and other key inflammatory signaling markers. Relevant articles published up to December 2022 were identified through a search of the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases. The search used keywords including "inflammatory bowel disease", "medicinal plants", "natural molecules", "anti-inflammatory", and "ulcerative colitis", and identified 1,878 potentially relevant articles, of which 89 were included in this review after completion of the selection process. This study provides preclinical data on natural products (NPs) that can potentially treat IBD, including ulcerative colitis. The main actions of these NPs relate to their effects on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway, the regulation of T helper 17/regulatory T cells balance, and oxidative stress. The ability of these NPs to inhibit intestinal inflammation appears to be dependent on lowering levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-17, via the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1, NF-κβ-p65, and STAT3 pathways. In addition, NPs were shown to reduce oxidative stress and the severity of ulcerative colitis, as well as increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes. These actions suggest that NPs represent a promising treatment for IBD, and potentially have greater efficacy and safety than current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi
- Division of Phytochemistry and Drug Design, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Kalamaserry, Kochi, 683104, Kerala, India
| | - Thiruchenduran Mohana
- Department of Biochemistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital (MAHER), Maduravoyal, 600095, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumaraswamy Athesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Varghese Edwin Hillary
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Kalamaserry, Kochi, 683104, Kerala, India
| | - Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Biology and Immunology of Cancer and Leishmania, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Mariana Nobre Farias de Franca
- Laboratory of Biology and Immunology of Cancer and Leishmania, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Campus Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento, Aracaju, CEP 49060.108, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Monalisa Martins Montalvão
- Laboratory of Biology and Immunology of Cancer and Leishmania, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Campus Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento, Aracaju, CEP 49060.108, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Stanislaus Antony Ceasar
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences (Autonomous), Kalamaserry, Kochi, 683104, Kerala, India
| | - Gnanasekaran Jothi
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gurunagarajan Sridharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, 620005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Campus Prof. João Cardoso Nascimento, Aracaju, CEP 49060.108, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Baojun Xu
- Programme of Food Science and Technology, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519087, China
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Gazim ZC, Valle JS, Carvalho dos Santos I, Rahal IL, Silva GCC, Lopes AD, Ruiz SP, Faria MGI, Piau Junior R, Gonçalves DD. Ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of Baccharis dracunculifolia DC. (ASTERACEAE). Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1048688. [PMID: 36518668 PMCID: PMC9742423 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1048688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Lamiaceae) (Asteraceae) is found in South America, mainly in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay. Folk medicine is used as a sedative, hypotensive, bronchodilator, cardiovascular disorders, anti-flu, and also in skin wounds. Considered the main source of green propolis, which increases the pharmacological interest in this species. It is also known as a "benefactor" plant facilitating the development of other plant species around it, being indicated for the recovery of degraded areas. This species has been studied for decades in order to isolate and identify the active principles present in the aerial parts (leaves and flowers) and roots. The present study consists of a review of the scientific literature addressing the ethnobotanical, ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, pharmacological and potential cytotoxic effects of the B. dracunculifolia species. In this survey, we sought to investigate issues related to the botanical and geographic description of the species, the ethnobotanical uses, as well as the phytochemical studies of the essential oil, extracts and green propolis obtained from the aerial parts and roots of B. dracunculifolia. Using high precision analytical tools, numerous compounds have already been isolated and identified from leaves and flowers such as the flavonoids: naringenin, acacetin, dihydrokaempferol, isosakuranetin and kaempferide; phenolic acids: p-coumaric, dihydrocoumaric, ferulic (E)-cinnamic, hydroxycinnamic, gallic, caffeic, and several caffeoylquinic acids derivatives; phenolic acids prenylated: artepillin C, baccharin, drupanin; the glycosides dracuculifosides and the pentacyclic triterpenoids: Baccharis oxide and friedelanol. The predominant class in the essential oil of leaves and flowers are terpenoids comprising oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, highlighting the compounds nerolidol, spathulenol, germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene. These compounds give the species high antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor, analgesic, immunomodulatory and antiparasitic potential, making this species a promising herbal medicine. In vitro toxicity assays with B. dracunculifolia extract showed low or no cytotoxicity. However, in vivo analyses with high doses of the aqueous extract resulted in genotoxic effects, which leads us to conclude that the toxicity of this plant is dose-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilda Cristiani Gazim
- Chemistry Laboratory of Natural Products, Graduate Program in Animal Science and Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
- Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with an Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Juliana Silveira Valle
- Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with an Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Animal Science and Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Isabela Carvalho dos Santos
- Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with an Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Luiz Rahal
- Chemistry Laboratory of Natural Products, Graduate Program in Animal Science and Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Catuzo Canonico Silva
- Chemistry Laboratory of Natural Products, Graduate Program in Animal Science and Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Ana Daniela Lopes
- Agricultural Microbiology and Nematology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Suelen Pereira Ruiz
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Plant Products and Microorganisms, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Maria Graciela Iecher Faria
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Plant Products and Microorganisms, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Ranulfo Piau Junior
- Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with an Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
| | - Daniela Dib Gonçalves
- Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Animal Science with an Emphasis on Bioactive Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Brazil
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Baccharis dracunculifolia DC Hydroalcoholic Extract Improves Intestinal and Hippocampal Inflammation and Decreases Behavioral Changes of Colitis Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5833840. [PMID: 35295931 PMCID: PMC8920628 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5833840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The hydroalcoholic extract of B. dracunculifolia (HEBD) and its major compound p-coumaric acid were evaluated against the severity of intestinal inflammation and behavioral changes like depressive and anxious behavior in colitis mice. Colitis was induced in Swiss mice by oral dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration for five days. The mice received vehicle (10 ml/kg), HEBD (3, 30, or 300 mg/kg), or p-coumaric acid (15 mg/kg) orally, once a day for twelve days. Behavioral tests were performed on the 11th and 12th days after the beginning of the treatments. Moreover, the colon, cortex, and hippocampus were collected to analyze oxidative and inflammatory parameters. The treatment with HEBD (300 mg/Kg), but not p-coumaric acid, showed decreased disease activity index (DAI) values compared to the vehicle group and partially preserved the villi architecture and mucin levels. Furthermore, the HEBD increased the antioxidant defenses in the colon and hippocampus and reduced the myeloperoxidase activity and IL-6 levels in the colon from colitis mice. Colitis mice treated with HEBD did not show depressive-like behavior in the tail suspension test. HEBD reduced colon inflammation, while it maintains antioxidant defenses and mucin levels in this tissue. It may reduce neuropsychiatric comorbidities associated with colitis through its antioxidant effects.
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Santos CHMD, Cavasana AL, Moreira DDL, Dourado DM, Guimarães FDS, Barros FHR, Campos GCOD, Leme GAL, Silva LDMD, Wahl LM, Gutterres NBDA, Matias R, Câmara SJF, Santos SEDO. Treatment of anal fistula with Baccharis dracunculifolia extract. Experimental study in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 46:e20192297. [PMID: 31967191 DOI: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20192297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to evaluate the efficacy of Baccharis dracunculifolia extract in the treatment of anal fistulas in rats. METHODS twenty male Wistar rats were submitted to anal fistula and, after 30 days, were divided into three groups: Control Group, with five animals; Carbopol Group, with five animals; and Baccharis dracunculifolia Group, with ten animals. In the Control Group, no treatment was performed. In the Carbopol Group, a daily infusion of Carbopol was performed for 30 days. In the Baccharis dracunculifolia Group, a daily infusion of Carbopol plus Baccharis dracunculifolia extract was performed for 30 days. Specimens were taken for histological analysis after euthanasia. RESULTS there was no complete closure of the fistulous tract in any of the animals. The mean area of the remaining tract was of 847.2µm2, 565.6µm2 and 372.7µm2, in the Control Group, Carbopol Group, and Baccharis dracunculifolia Group, respectively, (p=0.001). The mean of the inflammatory process score was of 2.4, 2.4, and 2.1, in the Control Group, Carbopol Group, and Baccharis dracunculifolia Group, respectively, (p=0.285), while the mean values of vascular congestion were of 1.6, 1.4, and 1.1, in the Control Group, Carbopol Group, and Baccharis dracunculifolia Group, respectively, (p=0.031). CONCLUSION Baccharis dracunculifolia extract was able to reduce the lumen of the fistulous tracts and the degree of vascular congestion, without, however, reducing the local inflammatory process or totally closing the fistulous tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Henrique Marques Dos Santos
- Universidade Anhanguera (Uniderp), Curso de Medicina, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | | | - Davyson de Lima Moreira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos, Departamento de Produtos Naturais, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lucas Marques Wahl
- Universidade Anhanguera (Uniderp), Curso de Medicina, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | | | - Rosemary Matias
- Universidade Anhanguera (Uniderp), Curso de Medicina, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
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Iurckevicz G, Dahmer D, Q Santos VA, Vetvicka V, M Barbosa-Dekker A, F H Dekker R, Maneck Malfatti CR, A da Cunha MA. Encapsulated Microparticles of (1→6)-β-d-Glucan Containing Extract of Baccharis dracunculifolia: Production and Characterization. Molecules 2019; 24:E2099. [PMID: 31163607 PMCID: PMC6600449 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Glucans are biomacromolecules well known, among other biological activities, for their immunomodulatory potential. Similarly, extracts of Baccharis dracunculifolia also possess biological properties and are used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, ulcers, and hepatic diseases. Microparticles containing (1→6)-β-d-glucan (lasiodiplodan) and B. dracunculifolia extract were produced and characterized. A 23 factorial design was employed to define the conditions of production of microparticles by atomization. Lasiodiplodan associated with maltodextrin and gum arabic was studied as a matrix material. Microparticles of 0.4 μm mean size and high phenolics content (3157.9 μg GAE/g) were obtained under the optimized conditions. The microparticle size ranged from 0.23 to 1.21 µm, and the mathematical model that best represented the release kinetics of the extract was the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Diffusional exponent (n) values of 0.64 at pH 7.7 and 1.15 at pH 2.61 were found, indicating particles with a non-Fickian or anomalous transport system, and Super Case II transport, respectively. Thermal analysis indicated that the microparticles demonstrated high thermal stability. The X-ray diffraction analyses revealed an amorphous structure, and HPLC-DAD analysis showed microparticles rich in phenolic compounds: caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and catechin. The microparticles obtained comprise a new biomaterial with biological potential for applications in different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genice Iurckevicz
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, Rua Simeão Varela de Sá, 03, Vila Carli, CEP, Guarapuava, PR 85040-080, Brazil.
| | - Débora Dahmer
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, CEP, Pato Branco, PR 85503-390, Brazil.
| | - Vidiany A Q Santos
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, CEP, Pato Branco, PR 85503-390, Brazil.
| | - Vaclav Vetvicka
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, 511 S. Floyd St, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Aneli M Barbosa-Dekker
- Chemistry Department, CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, CEP, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Robert F H Dekker
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Câmpus Londrina, CEP, Londrina, PR 86036-370, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Ricardo Maneck Malfatti
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, Rua Simeão Varela de Sá, 03, Vila Carli, CEP, Guarapuava, PR 85040-080, Brazil.
| | - Mário A A da Cunha
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Via do Conhecimento, Km 1, CEP, Pato Branco, PR 85503-390, Brazil.
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Ribeiro VP, Arruda C, Abd El-Salam M, Bastos JK. Brazilian medicinal plants with corroborated anti-inflammatory activities: a review. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:253-268. [PMID: 29648503 PMCID: PMC6130656 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1454480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Inflammatory disorders are common in modern life, and medicinal plants provide an interesting source for new compounds bearing anti-inflammatory properties. In this regard, Brazilian medicinal plants are considered to be a promising supply of such compounds due to their great biodiversity. OBJECTIVES To undertake a review on Brazilian medicinal plants with corroborated anti-inflammatory activities by selecting data from the literature reporting the efficacy of plants used in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory, including the mechanisms of action of their extracts and isolated compounds. METHODS A search in the literature was undertaken by using the following Web tools: Web of Science, SciFinder, Pub-Med and Science Direct. The terms 'anti-inflammatory' and 'Brazilian medicinal plants' were used as keywords in search engine. Tropicos and Reflora websites were used to verify the origin of the plants, and only the native plants of Brazil were included in this review. The publications reporting the use of well-accepted scientific protocols to corroborate the anti-inflammatory activities of Brazilian medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory potential were considered. RESULTS We selected 70 Brazilian medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory activity. The plants were grouped according to their anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action. The main mechanisms involved inflammatory mediators, such as interleukins (ILs), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase (COX) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). CONCLUSIONS The collected data on Brazilian medicinal plants, in the form of crude extract and/or isolated compounds, showed significant anti-inflammatory activities involving different mechanisms of action, indicating Brazilian plants as an important source of anti-inflammatory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Pena Ribeiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Caroline Arruda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mohamed Abd El-Salam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- CONTACT Jairo Kenupp BastosDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP14040-903, Brazil
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Sharifi-Rad M, Fokou PVT, Sharopov F, Martorell M, Ademiluyi AO, Rajkovic J, Salehi B, Martins N, Iriti M, Sharifi-Rad J. Antiulcer Agents: From Plant Extracts to Phytochemicals in Healing Promotion. Molecules 2018; 23:E1751. [PMID: 30018251 PMCID: PMC6100067 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review, we have comprehensively reviewed the plant sources used as antiulcer agents. From traditional uses as herbal remedies, we have moved on to preclinical evidence, critically discussing the in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on plant extracts and even isolated phytochemicals with antiulcerogenic potential. A particular emphasis was also paid to Helicobacter pylori activity, with emphasis on involved mechanisms of action. Lastly, the issue of safety profile of these plant products has also been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61663335, Iran.
| | | | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, VIII⁻Bio Bio Region, Chile.
| | - Adedayo Oluwaseun Ademiluyi
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure 340001, Nigeria.
| | - Jovana Rajkovic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia.
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 88777539, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 22439789, Iran.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto⁻Portugal, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran.
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2G3, Canada.
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Propolis and Its Potential to Treat Gastrointestinal Disorders. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:2035820. [PMID: 29736177 PMCID: PMC5875067 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2035820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There are a number of disorders that affect the gastrointestinal tract. Such disorders have become a global emerging disease with a high incidence and prevalence rates worldwide. Inflammatory and ulcerative processes of the stomach or intestines, such as gastritis, ulcers, colitis, and mucositis, afflict a significant proportion of people throughout the world. The role of herbal-derived medicines has been extensively explored in order to develop new effective and safe strategies to improve the available gastrointestinal therapies that are currently used in the clinical practice. Studies on the efficacy of propolis (a unique resinous aromatic substance produced by honeybees from different types of species of plants) are promising and propolis has been effective in the treatment of several pathological conditions. This review, therefore, summarizes and critiques the contents of some relevant published scientific papers (including those related to clinical trials) in order to demonstrate the therapeutic value of propolis and its active compounds in the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal diseases.
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Shepherd C, Giacomin P, Navarro S, Miller C, Loukas A, Wangchuk P. A medicinal plant compound, capnoidine, prevents the onset of inflammation in a mouse model of colitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 211:17-28. [PMID: 28942135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The traditional uses of Corydalis dubia, Ajania nubigena and Pleurospermum amabile in the Bhutanese traditional medicine for treating disorders related to inflammatory conditions and the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of their crude extracts inspired the isolation and the investigation of anticolitic properties of four pure compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three medicinal plants were collected from Himalayan Mountains of Bhutan. Capnoidine and scoulerine were isolated from C. dubia, linalool oxide acetate from A. nubigena and isomyristicin from P. amabile using natural product isolation protocols. Four compounds were investigated for their anti-inflammatory activities against IBD-colitis using chemically induced (TNBS) mice model of colitis. Capnoidine conferred the best preliminary protection against TNBS-induced colitis in mice and we have conducted in-depth pharmacological investigation of this compound including clinical symptoms, pathological signs, cytokine profiles, histological structure and inflammasomes using relevant bioassay protocols. RESULTS Capnoidine-treated mice had significantly: a) improved clinical symptoms (body weight loss, mobility, piloerection and faecal consistency); b) reduced colon pathology (adhesion, oedema, ulceration, and colon length); c) altered inflammatory cytokines profiles within the colons; d) reduced levels of p-IκB-α (Ser32) and p-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) and e) reduced histological inflammation in the colon when compared with mice administered TNBS only. CONCLUSION Capnoidine presents as a potential new anti-inflammatory drug lead candidate for diseases where current standard-of-care often fails and is associated with major side effects. It also validates the traditional uses of C. dubia against inflammatory conditions and underlines the value of pursuing bioactive compounds derived from traditionally used ethnobotanical medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Shepherd
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Paul Giacomin
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Severine Navarro
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Catherine Miller
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences and Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns QLD 4878, Australia
| | - Phurpa Wangchuk
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns QLD 4878, Australia.
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Ewees MG, Messiha BAS, Abo-Saif AA, Abd El-Latif HAET. Is Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> Effective in Protection against Ulcerative Colitis? An Experimental Study in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:1159-1166. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gamal Ewees
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University
| | | | - Ali Ahmed Abo-Saif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
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Zang T, Verma K, Chen M, Jin Y, Trippier PC, Penning TM. Screening baccharin analogs as selective inhibitors against type 5 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C3). Chem Biol Interact 2014; 234:339-48. [PMID: 25555457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3), also known as type 5 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, is a downstream steroidogenic enzyme and converts androgen precursors to the potent androgen receptor ligands: testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone. Studies have shown that AKR1C3 is involved in the development of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and that it is a rational drug target for the treatment of CRPC. Baccharin, a component of Brazilian propolis, has been observed to exhibit a high inhibitory potency and selectivity for AKR1C3 over other AKR1C isoforms and is a promising lead compound for developing more potent and selective inhibitors. Here, we report the screening of fifteen baccharin analogs as selective inhibitors against AKR1C3 versus AKR1C2 (type 3 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase). Among these analogs, the inhibitory activity and selectivity of thirteen compounds were evaluated for the first time. The substitution of the 4-dihydrocinnamoyloxy group of baccharin by an acetate group displayed nanomolar inhibitory potency (IC50: 440 nM) and a 102-fold selectivity over AKR1C2. By contrast, when the cinnamic acid group of baccharin was esterified, there was a dramatic decrease in potency and selectivity for AKR1C3 in comparison to baccharin. Low or sub-micromolar inhibition was observed when the 3-prenyl group of baccharin was removed, and the selectivity over AKR1C2 was low. Although unsubstituted baccharin was still the most potent (IC50: 100 nM) and selective inhibitor for AKR1C3, these data provide structure-activity relationships required for the optimization of new baccharin analogs. They suggest that the carboxylate group on cinnamic acid, the prenyl group, and either retention of 4-dihydrocinnamoyloxy group or acetate substituent on cinnamic acid are important to maintain the high potency and selectivity for AKR1C3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhu Zang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, United States
| | - Kshitij Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States
| | - Mo Chen
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, United States
| | - Yi Jin
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States; Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, United States.
| | - Trevor M Penning
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, United States.
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Rajesh P, Samaga PV, Ravishankar Rai V, Lokanatha Rai K. In vitrobiological activity of aromadendrin-4′-methyl ether isolated from root extract ofVentilago madraspatanaGaertn with relevance to anticandidal activity. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:1042-5. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.968152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Sasa quelpaertensis leaf extract suppresses dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting the proinflammatory mediators and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. Nutr Res 2014; 34:894-905. [PMID: 25287291 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Sasa quelpaertensis leaves exert anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic effects, although it remains unclear whether these leaves can suppress inflammation-related intestinal diseases. This study hypothesized that Sasa quelpaertensis leaf extract (SQE) exerts a protective effect against inflammation in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. Therefore, colon tissues of DSS-induced colitis mice that were treated with SQE were assayed for levels of proinflammatory markers, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, and activation of nuclear factor κB. For this purpose, mice were pretreated with SQE (100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg body weight) by gavage for a 2-week period. Mice then received either SQE or sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg body weight) with 2.5% DSS in drinking water for 7 days twice daily and 7 days of tap water ad libitum between DSS treatment. Treatment with SQE was found to attenuate the severity of DSS-induced colitis, as assessed by disease activity index scores, shrinkage of colon length, and histopathologic changes. SQE reduced DSS-induced proliferation in distal colon tissues. It also significantly suppressed levels of tumor necrosis factor-α in serum and colon tissues, nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase, and levels of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinases, p38, extracellular-signal-regulated kinases 1/2, and IκBα in colon tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that SQE supplementation can exert an anti-inflammatory effect on experimental chronic colitis.
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Wang K, Zhang J, Ping S, Ma Q, Chen X, Xuan H, Shi J, Zhang C, Hu F. Anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extracts of Chinese propolis and buds from poplar (Populus×canadensis). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:300-311. [PMID: 24882729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Propolis is used widely in a number of cultures as a folk medicine and is gaining wider recognition for its potential therapeutic use, due to its wide range of biological properties and pharmacological activities, especially its anti-inflammatory effects. Despite an increasing number of studies focused on the biological activities of propolis together with its botanical sources, studies on Chinese propolis are insufficient. This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of ethanol extracts from Chinese propolis (EECP) and poplar buds (EEPB) from Populus×canadensis Moench (Salicaceae family). MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemical analysis of EECP and EEPB was performed via total phenolic and flavonoid content measurements followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. DPPH and ABTS free-radical scavenging methods were used to evaluate their anti-oxidant properties. The anti-inflammatory effects of EECP and EEPB were investigated in vitro by evaluating their modulating effects on the key inflammatory cytokines and mediators in LPS/IFN-γ co-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and by measuring nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in TNF-α or IL-1β stimulation HEK 293 cells using reporter gene assays. Their effects on acute inflammatory symptoms (LPS-induced endotoxemia and acute pulmonary damage) were also examined in mice. RESULTS EECP and EEPB exhibited strong free-radical scavenging activity and significant in vitro anti-inflammatory effects by modulating key inflammatory mediators of mRNA transcription, inhibiting the production of specific inflammatory cytokines, and blocking the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB. The administration of EECP and EEPB (25 and 100 mg/kg) provided significant protective effects by attenuating lung histopathological changes and suppressing the secretion of LPS-stimulated inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-12p70 production in endotoxemic mice. CONCLUSIONS The results presented here reveal the potent anti-inflammatory properties of Chinese propolis and poplar buds, and provide biological information for developing suitable substitute(s) for propolis in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shun Ping
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Quanxin Ma
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Hongzhuan Xuan
- School of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Jinhu Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Husbandry and veterinary technical popularization center of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fuliang Hu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Figueiredo-Rinhel ASG, Kabeya LM, Bueno PCP, Jorge-Tiossi RF, Azzolini AECS, Bastos JK, Lucisano-Valim YM. Inhibition of the human neutrophil oxidative metabolism by Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae) is influenced by seasonality and the ratio of caffeic acid to other phenolic compounds. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:655-664. [PMID: 24076472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The great potential of phytotherapic drugs for treating and preventing inflammatory diseases mediated by increased neutrophil reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation has guided the search for new natural products with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Baccharis dracunculifolia D.C. (Asteraceae), the main botanical source of Brazilian green propolis, is a native plant from Brazil widely used in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory. This study aims: (a) to determine the influence of seasonality on the chemical profile and biological activity of Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae) leaf extracts (BdE); (b) to analyze the correlation between the major compounds and the ability of BdE to modulate the superoxide anion and total ROS generation by human neutrophils. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extracts were obtained from leaf samples collected monthly during one year. The superoxide anion and total ROS generation were assessed by the lucigenin (CL-luc)- and luminol (CL-lum)-enhanced chemiluminescence assays. RESULTS Seasonality influenced more the quantitative than the qualitative chemical profile of B. dracunculifolia, and affected its biological activity. The major compounds identified were caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, aromadendrin-4'-methyl ether (AME), isosakuranetin and artepillin C. The IC₅₀ values obtained for CL-lum and CL-luc inhibition by BdE ranged from 8.1-15.8 and 5.8-13.3µgmL(-1), respectively, and correlated positively with caffeic acid concentration. CL-luc inhibition correlated negatively with the concentration of artepillin C, AME, isosakuranetin and total flavonoids. The BdE sample from May/07 inhibited CL-lum and CL-luc the most strongly (IC₅₀=8.1 ± 1.6 and 5.8 ± 1.0 µg mL(-1), respectively), and contained the highest ratio of caffeic acid to the other isolated compounds; so, this ratio could be employed as chemical marker for this biological activity of B. dracunculifolia. CONCLUSION The ability of B. dracunculifolia to inhibit the neutrophil ROS generation depends more on the type and ratio of phenolic compounds and flavonoids than on their high absolute concentrations. Together, our results help select the most appropriate plant material for the production of phytotherapic drugs to be used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases mediated by increased neutrophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa S G Figueiredo-Rinhel
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Gonçalves CCM, Hernandes L, Bersani-Amado CA, Franco SL, Silva JFDS, Natali MRM. Use of propolis hydroalcoholic extract to treat colitis experimentally induced in rats by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:853976. [PMID: 24101941 PMCID: PMC3786476 DOI: 10.1155/2013/853976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the therapeutic effect of a propolis SLNC 106 (PI) extract on experimental colitis. Wistar adult rats received 0.8 mL rectal dose of one of the following solutions: saline (group S), 20 mg TNBS in 50% ethanol (group TNBS), 20 mg TNBS in 50% ethanol and propolis extract in saline (group TNBS-P), propolis extract in saline (group SP), and 20 mg TNBS in 50% ethanol and 50 mg/kg mesalazine (group TNBS-M). The animals were euthanized 7 or 14 days after the colitis induction. Samples of the distal colon were harvested for the analysis of myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity and for morphometric analysis in paraffin-embedded histological sections with hematoxylin-eosin or histochemical staining. The animals treated with TNBS exhibited the typical clinical signs of colitis. Increased MPO activity confirmed the presence of inflammation. TNBS induced the development of megacolon, ulceration, transmural inflammatory infiltrate, and thickened bowel walls. Treatment with propolis moderately reduced the inflammatory response, decreased the number of cysts and abscesses, inhibited epithelial proliferation, and increased the number of goblet cells. The anti-inflammatory activity of the propolis SLNC 106 extract was confirmed by the reductions in both the inflammatory infiltrate and the number of cysts and abscesses in the colon mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cely Cristina Martins Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Luzmarina Hernandes
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Ciomar Aparecida Bersani-Amado
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Selma Lucy Franco
- Laboratory of Phytotherapy and Apitherapy Development, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Joaquim Felipe de Souza Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Maria Raquel Marçal Natali
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, State University of Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Okamoto Y, Hara T, Ebato T, Fukui T, Masuzawa T. Brazilian propolis ameliorates trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting Th1 differentiation. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 16:178-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Fruet AC, Seito LN, Rall VLM, Di Stasi LC. Dietary intervention with narrow-leaved cattail rhizome flour (Typha angustifolia L.) prevents intestinal inflammation in the trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid model of rat colitis. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 12:62. [PMID: 22559191 PMCID: PMC3505175 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammation of the intestinal epithelium that is driven by the intestinal immune system, oxidative stress and the loss of tolerance to the luminal microbiota. The use of dietary products containing ingredients such as fibres and carbohydrates and/or antioxidant compounds have been used as a therapeutic strategy for intestinal diseases because these products are considered effective in the modulation of the immune system and colonic microbiota. We investigated the beneficial effects of cattail rhizome flour (Typha angustifolia L.) in the trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) model of rat colitis. In addition, we investigated the effects of cattail rhizome flour on the intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone, which is a reference drug that is used for treatment of human IBD. Methods The present study included the preparation of flour from rhizomes of cattail (Typha angustifolia L.); an evaluation of the qualitative phytochemical profile of cattail rhizomes; an evaluation of the efficacy of cattail rhizome flour in TNBS-induced rat colitis; an evaluation of the synergistic effects of cattail rhizome flour on the intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone; and macroscopic, clinical, biochemical, histopathological and microbiological studies to assess the healing effects of cattail rhizome flour and its synergistic effects in TNBS-induced rat colitis. The data were analysed by ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and χ2 tests. Results We tested several concentrations of cattail rhizome flour and found that dietary supplementation with 10% cattail rhizome flour showed the best effects at reducing the extension of the lesion, the colon weight ratio, adherences to adjacent organs and diarrhoea. These effects were related to inhibition of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities and an attenuation of glutathione (GSH) depletion. The 10% cattail rhizome flour was as effective as prednisolone, and no synergistic effects were observed. Saponins, flavonoids and coumarins were detected in the rhizome flour. No changes were observed in the total number of lactic bacteria after dietary supplementation with cattail rhizome flour. Conclusions Dietary supplementation with 10% cattail rhizome flour and its combination with prednisolone prevent TNBS-induced colonic damage in rats, but no synergistic effects were observed. The prevention of TNBS-induced colon damage was associated with an improvement in intestinal oxidative stress, which likely resulted from the antioxidant properties of the active compounds detected in the cattail rhizome. This protective effect was not related to an improvement in lactic bacteria counts.
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Biradar S, Aswathanar B, Kulkarni V, Kulkarni P, Smita D, Tarak K. Protective Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Ageratum conyzoides on Experimental Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/jpt.2011.664.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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