1
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Carmona AV, Jonnalagadda S, Case AM, Maddeboina K, Jonnalagadda SK, Dow LF, Duan L, Penning TM, Trippier PC. Discovery of an Aldo-Keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) degrader. Commun Chem 2024; 7:95. [PMID: 38684887 PMCID: PMC11059152 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01177-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) is a protein upregulated in prostate cancer, hematological malignancies, and other cancers where it contributes to proliferation and chemotherapeutic resistance. Androgen receptor splice variant 7 (ARv7) is the most common mutation of the AR receptor that confers resistance to clinical androgen receptor signalling inhibitors in castration-resistant prostate cancer. AKR1C3 interacts with ARv7 promoting stabilization. Herein we report the discovery of the first-in-class AKR1C3 Proteolysis-Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) degrader. This first-generation degrader potently reduced AKR1C3 expression in 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells with a half-maximal degradation concentration (DC50) of 52 nM. Gratifyingly, concomitant degradation of ARv7 was observed with a DC50 = 70 nM, along with degradation of the AKR1C3 isoforms AKR1C1 and AKR1C2 to a lesser extent. This compound represents a highly useful chemical tool and a promising strategy for prostate cancer intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica V Carmona
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Shirisha Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Alfie M Case
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Krishnaiah Maddeboina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Sravan K Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Louise F Dow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Ling Duan
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Trevor M Penning
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA.
- UNMC Center for Drug Design and Innovation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA.
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2
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Rahman MS, Hadi Esfahani S, Zhang Y, Queen A, Aljarrah M, Kandil H, Baez A, Abbruscato TJ, Karamyan VT, Trippier PC. Imidazole Bioisostere Activators of Endopeptidase Neurolysin with Enhanced Potency and Metabolic Stability. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:510-517. [PMID: 38628788 PMCID: PMC11017387 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The peptidase neurolysin (Nln) has been validated as a potential target for developing therapeutics for ischemic stroke (IS). Overexpression of Nln in a mouse model of IS provides significant cerebroprotection, leading to reduced infarction size and edema volume. Pharmacological inhibition of Nln in the post-stroke brain worsens neurological outcomes. A virtual screen identified dipeptide small-molecule activators of Nln. Optimization studies resulted in a class of peptidomimetic compounds with promising activity. However, these compounds still possessed an amide bond that compromised their stability in plasma and the brain. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of amide bioisosteres based on our peptidomimetic leads. Imidazole-based bioisosteres afford scaffolds with increased potency to activate Nln combined with enhanced mouse plasma stability and significantly better brain permeability over the original dipeptide hits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Shafikur Rahman
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Shiva Hadi Esfahani
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
- Laboratory
for Neurodegenerative Disease & Drug Discovery, William Beaumont
School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Aarfa Queen
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Manar Aljarrah
- Laboratory
for Neurodegenerative Disease & Drug Discovery, William Beaumont
School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
- Biological
and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Haya Kandil
- Laboratory
for Neurodegenerative Disease & Drug Discovery, William Beaumont
School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
- Biological
and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Andrew Baez
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Thomas J. Abbruscato
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
- Center
for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Vardan T. Karamyan
- Laboratory
for Neurodegenerative Disease & Drug Discovery, William Beaumont
School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
- Department
of Foundational Medical Studies, William Beaumont School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Paul C. Trippier
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
- UNMC
Center for Drug Design and Innovation, University
of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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3
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Dow LF, Case AM, Paustian MP, Pinkerton BR, Simeon P, Trippier PC. The evolution of small molecule enzyme activators. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2206-2230. [PMID: 37974956 PMCID: PMC10650962 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00399j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a myriad of enzymes within the body responsible for maintaining homeostasis by providing the means to convert substrates to products as and when required. Physiological enzymes are tightly controlled by many signaling pathways and their products subsequently control other pathways. Traditionally, most drug discovery efforts focus on identifying enzyme inhibitors, due to upregulation being prevalent in many diseases and the existence of endogenous substrates that can be modified to afford inhibitor compounds. As enzyme downregulation and reduction of endogenous activators are observed in multiple diseases, the identification of small molecules with the ability to activate enzymes has recently entered the medicinal chemistry toolbox to afford chemical probes and potential therapeutics as an alternative means to intervene in diseases. In this review we highlight the progress made in the identification and advancement of non-kinase enzyme activators and their potential in treating various disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise F Dow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68106 USA
| | - Alfie M Case
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68106 USA
| | - Megan P Paustian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68106 USA
| | - Braeden R Pinkerton
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68106 USA
| | - Princess Simeon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68106 USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68106 USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68106 USA
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68106 USA
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4
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Zhang Y, Sharma S, Jonnalagadda S, Kumari S, Queen A, Esfahani SH, Archie SR, Nozohouri S, Patel D, Trippier PC, Karamyan VT, Abbruscato TJ. Discovery of the Next Generation of Non-peptidomimetic Neurolysin Activators with High Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability: a Pharmacokinetics Study in Healthy and Stroke Animals. Pharm Res 2023; 40:2747-2758. [PMID: 37833570 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03619-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is growing interest in seeking pharmacological activation of neurolysin (Nln) for stroke treatment. Discovery of central nervous system drugs remains challenging due to the protection of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The previously reported peptidomimetic Nln activators display unsatisfactory BBB penetration. Herein, we investigate the next generation of non-peptidomimetic Nln activators with high BBB permeability. METHODS A BBB-mimicking model was used to evaluate their in vitro BBB permeability. Protein binding, metabolic stability, and efflux assays were performed to determine their unbound fraction, half-lives in plasma and brains, and dependence of BBB transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp). The in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles were elucidated in healthy and stroke mice. RESULTS Compounds KS52 and KS73 out of this generation exhibit improved peptidase activity and BBB permeability compared to the endogenous activator and previous peptidomimetic activators. They show reasonable plasma and brain protein binding, improved metabolic stability, and independence of P-gp-mediated efflux. In healthy animals, they rapidly distribute into brains and reach peak levels of 18.69% and 12.10% injected dose (ID)/ml at 10 min. After 4 h, their total brain concentrations remain 7.78 and 12.34 times higher than their A50(minimal concentration required for enhancing 50% peptidase activity). Moreover, the ipsilateral hemispheres of stroke animals show comparable uptake to the corresponding contralateral hemispheres and healthy brains. CONCLUSIONS This study provides essential details about the pharmacokinetic properties of a new generation of potent non-peptidomimetic Nln activators with high BBB permeability and warrants the future development of these agents as potential neuroprotective pharmaceutics for stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
- Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Sejal Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
- Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Shirisha Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Aarfa Queen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Shiva Hadi Esfahani
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, William Beaumont School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease & Drug Discovery, William Beaumont School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA
| | - Sabrina Rahman Archie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
- Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Saeideh Nozohouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
- Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Dhavalkumar Patel
- Office of Sciences, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Vardan T Karamyan
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, William Beaumont School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease & Drug Discovery, William Beaumont School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA
| | - Thomas J Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
- Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, Jerry. H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
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5
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Maddeboina K, Jonnalagadda SK, Morsy A, Duan L, Chhonker YS, Murry DJ, Penning TM, Trippier PC. Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C3 Inhibitor Prodrug Improves Pharmacokinetic Profile and Demonstrates In Vivo Efficacy in a Prostate Cancer Xenograft Model. J Med Chem 2023; 66:9894-9915. [PMID: 37428858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) is overexpressed in castration-resistant prostate cancer where it acts to drive proliferation and aggressiveness by producing androgens. The reductive action of the enzyme leads to chemoresistance development against various clinical antineoplastics across a range of cancers. Herein, we report the continued optimization of selective AKR1C3 inhibitors and the identification of 5r, a potent AKR1C3 inhibitor (IC50 = 51 nM) with >1216-fold selectivity for AKR1C3 over closely related isoforms. Due to the cognizance of the poor pharmacokinetics associated with free carboxylic acids, a methyl ester prodrug strategy was pursued. The prodrug 4r was converted to free acid 5r in vitro in mouse plasma and in vivo. The in vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation revealed an increase in systemic exposure and increased the maximum 5r concentration compared to direct administration of the free acid. The prodrug 4r demonstrated a dose-dependent effect to reduce the tumor volume of 22Rv1 prostate cancer xenografts without observed toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnaiah Maddeboina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
| | - Sravan K Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
| | - Ahmed Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
| | - Ling Duan
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yashpal S Chhonker
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
| | - Daryl J Murry
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
| | - Trevor M Penning
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
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6
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Shahbazi Nia S, Hossain MA, Ji G, Jonnalagadda SK, Obeng S, Rahman MA, Sifat AE, Nozohouri S, Blackwell C, Patel D, Thompson J, Runyon S, Hiranita T, McCurdy CR, McMahon L, Abbruscato TJ, Trippier PC, Neugebauer V, German NA. Studies on diketopiperazine and dipeptide analogs as opioid receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115309. [PMID: 37054561 PMCID: PMC10634475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Using the structure of gliotoxin as a starting point, we have prepared two different chemotypes with selective affinity to the kappa opioid receptor (KOR). Using medicinal chemistry approaches and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, structural features required for the observed affinity were identified, and advanced molecules with favorable Multiparameter Optimization (MPO) and Ligand Lipophilicity (LLE) profiles were prepared. Using the Thermal Place Preference Test (TPPT), we have shown that compound2 blocks the antinociceptive effect of U50488, a known KOR agonist. Multiple reports suggest that modulation of KOR signaling is a promising therapeutic strategy in treating neuropathic pain (NP). As a proof-of-concept study, we tested compound 2 in a rat model of NP and recorded its ability to modulate sensory and emotional pain-related behaviors. Observed in vitro and in vivo results suggest that these ligands can be used to develop compounds with potential application as pain therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Shahbazi Nia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Mohammad Anwar Hossain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Guangchen Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Sravan K Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Samuel Obeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Social and Administrative Sciences, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University, Birmingham, AL, 35229, USA
| | - Md Ashrafur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Ali Ehsan Sifat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Saeideh Nozohouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Collin Blackwell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Dhavalkumar Patel
- Office of Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Jon Thompson
- Veterinary School of Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Scott Runyon
- Reserach Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Takato Hiranita
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Christopher R McCurdy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Lance McMahon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Thomas J Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68106, USA
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA; Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Nadezhda A German
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
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7
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Blanco MJ, Bryant-Friedrich A, Georg G, Ali A, Ornstein PL, Ferrins L, Trippier PC. Excellence in Medicinal Chemistry: Celebrating ACS Medicinal Chemistry Division (MEDI) Awards. A Call for Nominations. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37199711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The American Chemical Society Division of Medicinal Chemistry (MEDI) confers a range of awards, fellowships and honors to recognize excellence in medicinal chemistry. To celebrate the creation of the Gertrude Elion Medical Chemistry Award the ACS MEDI Division wishes to take this opportunity to inform the community of the many awards, fellowships and travel grants that are available for members.
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8
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Huwaimel BI, Jonnalagadda SK, Jonnalagadda S, Kumari S, Nocentini A, Supuran CT, Trippier PC. Selective carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibitors based around a functionalized coumarin scaffold. Drug Dev Res 2023. [PMID: 36872587 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of specific carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes is a validated strategy for the development of agents to target cancer. The CA isoforms IX and XII are overexpressed in various human solid tumors wherein they play a critical role in regulating extracellular tumor acidification, proliferation, and progression. A series of novel sulfonamides based on the coumarin scaffold were designed, synthesized and characterized as potent and selective CA inhibitors. Selected compounds show significant activity and selectivity over CA I and CA II to target the tumor-associated CA IX and CA XII with high inhibition activity at the single digit nanomolar level. Twelve compounds were identified to be more potent compared with acetazolamide (AAZ) control to inhibit CA IX while one was also more potent than AAZ to inhibit CA XII. Compound 18f (Ki's = 955 nM, 515 nM, 21 nM and 5 nM for CA's I, II, IX, and XII, respectively) is highlighted as a novel CA IX and XII inhibitor for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader I Huwaimel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sravan K Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Shirisha Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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9
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Ashraf-Uz-Zaman M, Ji G, Tidwell D, Yin L, Thakolwiboon S, Pan J, Junell R, Griffin Z, Shahi S, Barthels D, Sajib MS, Trippier PC, Mikelis CM, Das H, Avila M, Neugebauer V, German NA. Correction to "Evaluation of Urea-Based Inhibitors of the Dopamine Transporter Using the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model of Multiple Sclerosis". ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:3138. [PMID: 36264675 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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10
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Kumari S, Maddeboina K, Bachu RD, Boddu SHS, Trippier PC, Tiwari AK. Pivotal role of nitrogen heterocycles in Alzheimer's disease drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103322. [PMID: 35868626 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a detrimental neurodegenerative disease that progressively worsens with time. Clinical options are limited and only provide symptomatic relief to AD patients. The search for effective anti-AD compounds is ongoing with a few already in Phase III clinical trials, yet to be approved. Heterocycles containing nitrogen are important to biological processes owing to their abundance in nature, their function as subunits of biological molecules and/or macromolecular structures, and their biological activities. The present review discusses previously used strategies, SAR, relevant in vitro and in vivo studies, and success stories of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds in AD drug discovery. Also, we propose strategies for designing and developing novel potent anti-AD small molecules that can be used as treatments for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
| | - Krishnaiah Maddeboina
- Molecular Targeted Therapeutics Laboratory, Levine Cancer Institute/Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA
| | - Rinda Devi Bachu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Sai H S Boddu
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, UAE; Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, UAE
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, UAE; Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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11
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Morsy A, Maddeboina K, Gao J, Wang H, Valdez J, Dow LF, Wang X, Trippier PC. Functionalized Allopurinols Targeting Amyloid-Binding Alcohol Dehydrogenase Rescue Aβ-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2176-2190. [PMID: 35802826 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia affecting one in nine people over 65. Only a handful of small-molecule drugs and the anti-β amyloid (Aβ) antibody aducanumab are approved to treat AD. However, they only serve to reduce symptoms of advanced disease. Novel treatments administered early in disease progression before the accumulation of Aβ and tau reaches the threshold where neuroinflammation is triggered and irreversible neuronal damage occurs are more likely to provide effective therapy. There is a growing body of evidence implying that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs at an early stage of AD pathology. The mitochondrial enzyme amyloid-binding alcohol dehydrogenase (ABAD) binds to Aβ potentiating toxicity. Moreover, ABAD has been shown to be overexpressed in the same areas of the brain most affected by AD. Inhibiting the Aβ-ABAD protein-protein interaction without adversely affecting normal enzyme turnover is hypothesized to be a potential treatment strategy for AD. Herein, we conduct structure-activity relationship studies across a series of functionalized allopurinol derivatives to determine their ability to inhibit Aβ-mediated reduction of estradiol production from ABAD. The lead compound resulting from these studies possesses potent activity with no toxicity up to 100 μM, and demonstrates an ability to rescue defective mitochondrial metabolism in human SH-SY5Y cells and rescue both defective mitochondrial metabolism and morphology ex vivo in primary 5XFAD AD mouse model neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Krishnaiah Maddeboina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Ju Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Hezhen Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas79106, United States
| | - Juan Valdez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas79106, United States
| | - Louise F Dow
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Xinglong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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12
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Rahman MS, Esfahani SH, Nozohouri S, Kumari S, Kocot J, Zhang Y, Abbruscato TJ, Karamyan VT, Trippier PC. Structure-activity relationship studies of functionalized aromatic peptidomimetics as neurolysin activators. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 64:128669. [PMID: 35292343 PMCID: PMC8985228 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Modulating peptidase neurolysin (Nln) has been identified as a potential cerebroprotective target for the development of therapeutics for ischemic stroke. Continued structure-activity relationship studies on peptidomimetic small molecule activators of Nln bearing electron-donating and electron- withdrawing functionalized phenyls are explored. Incorporation of fluorine or trifluoromethyl groups produces Nln activators with enhanced A50, while methoxy substitution produces derivatives with enhanced Amax. Selected activators containing methoxy or trifluoromethyl substitution are selective for Nln over related peptidases and possess increased blood-brain barrier penetrability than initial hits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafikur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Shiva Hadi Esfahani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Saeideh Nozohouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Joanna Kocot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Thomas J Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Vardan T Karamyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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13
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Esfahani SH, Abbruscato TJ, Trippier PC, Karamyan VT. Small molecule neurolysin activators, potential multi-mechanism agents for ischemic stroke therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:401-404. [PMID: 35543670 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2077190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Hadi Esfahani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Thomas J Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA.,Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Vardan T Karamyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA.,Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
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14
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Jonnalagadda SK, Huwaimel BI, Jonnalagadda S, Garrison JC, Trippier PC. Access to Highly Strained Tricyclic Ketals Derived from Coumarins. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4476-4482. [PMID: 35258961 PMCID: PMC8996706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of highly strained fused substituted dihydrobenzopyran cyclopropyl lactones derived from coumarin carboxylates are reported. The substrate scope tolerates a variety of 6- and 8-substituents on the coumarin ring. Substitution at the 5- or 7-position is resistant to tricyclic lactone formation except with 7-methyl substitution. Benzamide-containing coumarins afford the tricyclic ketal. A plausible mechanism is proposed for the formation of the fused lactone: intramolecular rearrangement of trans cyclopropyl methyl ketones with phenolic acetate via the formation of a hemiacetal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravan K Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
| | - Bader I Huwaimel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, 81442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shirisha Jonnalagadda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
| | - Jered C Garrison
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68106, United States
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15
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Ashraf-Uz-Zaman M, Ji G, Tidwell D, Yin L, Thakolwiboon S, Pan J, Junell R, Griffin Z, Shahi S, Barthels D, Sajib MS, Trippier PC, Mikelis CM, Das H, Avila M, Neugebauer V, German NA. Evaluation of Urea-Based Inhibitors of the Dopamine Transporter Using the Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model of Multiple Sclerosis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:217-228. [PMID: 34978174 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopaminergic system is involved in the regulation of immune responses in various homeostatic and disease conditions. For conditions such as Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis (MS), pharmacological modulation of dopamine (DA) system activity is thought to have therapeutic relevance, providing the basis for using dopaminergic agents as a treatment of relevant states. In particular, it was proposed that restoration of DA levels may inhibit neuroinflammation. We have recently reported a new class of dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitors with high selectivity to the DAT over other G-protein coupled receptors tested. Here, we continue their evaluation as monoamine transporter inhibitors. Furthermore, we show that the urea-like DAT inhibitor (compound 5) has statistically significant anti-inflammatory effects and attenuates motor deficits and pain behaviors in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model mimicking clinical signs of MS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the beneficial effects of DAT inhibitor-based treatment in animals with induced autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and the observed results provide additional support to the model of DA-related neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashraf-Uz-Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Guangchen Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Dalton Tidwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Linda Yin
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Smathorn Thakolwiboon
- Neurology Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Jie Pan
- Neurology Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Riley Junell
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Zach Griffin
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Sadisna Shahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Derek Barthels
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Md Sanaullah Sajib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Paul C. Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Constantinos M. Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Hiranmoy Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Mirla Avila
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
- Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Clinic; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center,Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
- Neurology Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Volker Neugebauer
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Nadezhda A. German
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
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16
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Rahman MS, Kumari S, Hadi Esfahani S, Nozohouri S, Jayaraman S, Kinarivala N, Kocot J, Baez A, Farris D, Abbruscato TJ, Karamyan VT, Trippier PC. Correction to "Discovery of First-in-Class Peptidomimetic Neurolysin Activators Possessing Enhanced Brain Penetration and Stability". J Med Chem 2022; 65:890. [PMID: 34935384 PMCID: PMC10443906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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17
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Giustiniano M, Gruber CW, Kent CN, Trippier PC. Back to the Medicinal Chemistry Future. J Med Chem 2021; 64:15515-15518. [PMID: 34719927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Christian W Gruber
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Schwsrzspanierstr. 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Caitlin N Kent
- Integrated Drug Discovery, Sanofi R&D, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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18
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Jayaraman S, Kocot J, Esfahani SH, Wangler NJ, Uyar A, Mechref Y, Trippier PC, Abbruscato TJ, Dickson A, Aihara H, Ostrov DA, Karamyan VT. Identification and Characterization of Two Structurally Related Dipeptides that Enhance Catalytic Efficiency of Neurolysin. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 379:191-202. [PMID: 34389655 PMCID: PMC8626779 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurolysin (Nln) is a recently recognized endogenous mechanism functioning to preserve the brain from ischemic injury. To further understand the pathophysiological function of this peptidase in stroke and other neurologic disorders, the present study was designed to identify small molecule activators of Nln. Using a computational approach, the structure of Nln was explored, which was followed by docking and in silico screening of ∼140,000 molecules from the National Cancer Institute Developmental Therapeutics Program database. Top ranking compounds were evaluated in an Nln enzymatic assay, and two hit histidine-dipeptides were further studied in detail. The identified dipeptides enhanced the rate of synthetic substrate hydrolysis by recombinant (human and rat) and mouse brain-purified Nln in a concentration-dependent manner (micromolar A50 and Amax ≥ 300%) but had negligible effect on activity of closely related peptidases. Both dipeptides also enhanced hydrolysis of Nln endogenous substrates neurotensin, angiotensin I, and bradykinin and increased efficiency of the synthetic substrate hydrolysis (Vmax/Km ratio) in a concentration-dependent manner. The dipeptides and competitive inhibitor dynorphin A (1-13) did not affect each other's affinity for Nln, suggesting differing nature of their respective binding sites. Lastly, drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) and differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) assays confirmed concentration-dependent interaction of Nln with the activator molecule. This is the first study demonstrating that Nln activity can be enhanced by small molecules, although the peptidic nature and low potency of the activators limit their application. The identified dipeptides provide a chemical scaffold to develop high-potency, drug-like molecules as research tools and potential drug leads. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study describes discovery of two molecules that selectively enhance activity of peptidase Nln-a newly recognized cerebroprotective mechanism in the poststroke brain. The identified molecules will serve as a chemical scaffold for development of drug-like molecules to further study Nln and may become lead structures for a new class of drugs. In addition, our conceptual and methodological framework and research findings might be used for other peptidases and enzymes, the activation of which bears therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinidhi Jayaraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - Joanna Kocot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - Shiva Hadi Esfahani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - Naomi J Wangler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - Arzu Uyar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - Thomas J Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - Alex Dickson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - Hideki Aihara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - David A Ostrov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
| | - Vardan T Karamyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (S.J., J.K., S.H.E., N.J.W., T.J.A., V.T.K.) and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research (T.J.A., V.T.K.), School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (A.U., A.D.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas (Y.M.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (P.C.T.); Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (H.A.); and Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida (D.A.O.)
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19
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Morsy A, Carmona AV, Trippier PC. Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models for Phenotypic Screening in the Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206235. [PMID: 34684815 PMCID: PMC8538546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Batten disease or neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of rare, fatal, inherited neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders. Numerous genes (CLN1–CLN8, CLN10–CLN14) were identified in which mutations can lead to NCL; however, the underlying pathophysiology remains elusive. Despite this, the NCLs share some of the same features and symptoms but vary in respect to severity and onset of symptoms by age. Some common symptoms include the progressive loss of vision, mental and motor deterioration, epileptic seizures, premature death, and in the rare adult-onset, dementia. Currently, all forms of NCL are fatal, and no curative treatments are available. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can differentiate into any cell type of the human body. Cells reprogrammed from a patient have the advantage of acquiring disease pathogenesis along with recapitulation of disease-associated phenotypes. They serve as practical model systems to shed new light on disease mechanisms and provide a phenotypic screening platform to enable drug discovery. Herein, we provide an overview of available iPSC models for a number of different NCLs. More specifically, we highlight findings in these models that may spur target identification and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (A.M.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Angelica V. Carmona
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (A.M.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Paul C. Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (A.M.); (A.V.C.)
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
- Correspondence:
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20
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Rahman MS, Kumari S, Esfahani SH, Nozohouri S, Jayaraman S, Kinarivala N, Kocot J, Baez A, Farris D, Abbruscato TJ, Karamyan VT, Trippier PC. Discovery of First-in-Class Peptidomimetic Neurolysin Activators Possessing Enhanced Brain Penetration and Stability. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12705-12722. [PMID: 34436882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peptidase neurolysin (Nln) is an enzyme that functions to cleave various neuropeptides. Upregulation of Nln after stroke has identified the enzyme as a critical endogenous cerebroprotective mechanism and validated target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Overexpression of Nln in a mouse model of stroke results in dramatic improvement of stroke outcomes, while pharmacological inhibition aggravates them. Activation of Nln has therefore emerged as an intriguing target for drug discovery efforts for ischemic stroke. Herein, we report the discovery and hit-to-lead optimization of first-in-class Nln activators based on histidine-containing dipeptide hits identified from a virtual screen. Adopting a peptidomimetic approach provided lead compounds that retain the pharmacophoric histidine moiety and possess single-digit micromolar potency over 40-fold greater than the hit scaffolds. These compounds exhibit 5-fold increased brain penetration, significant selectivity over highly homologous peptidases, greater than 65-fold increase in mouse brain stability, and 'drug-like' fraction unbound in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafikur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Shiva Hadi Esfahani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Saeideh Nozohouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Srinidhi Jayaraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Nihar Kinarivala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Joanna Kocot
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Andrew Baez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Delaney Farris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Thomas J Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States.,Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Vardan T Karamyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States.,Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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21
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Abstract
Human aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of carbonyl groups to alcohols for conjugation reactions to proceed. They are implicated in resistance to cancer chemotherapeutic agents either because they are directly involved in their metabolism or help eradicate the cellular stress created by these agents (e.g., reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides). Furthermore, this cellular stress activates the Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 pathway. As many human AKR genes are upregulated by the NRF2 transcription factor, this leads to a feed-forward mechanism to enhance drug resistance. Resistance to major classes of chemotherapeutic agents (anthracyclines, mitomycin, cis-platin, antitubulin agents, vinca alkaloids, and cyclophosphamide) occurs by this mechanism. Human AKRs also catalyze the synthesis of androgens and estrogens and the elimination of progestogens and are involved in hormonal-dependent malignancies. They are upregulated by antihormonal therapy providing a second mechanism for cancer drug resistance. Inhibitors of the NRF2 system or pan-AKR1C inhibitors offer promise to surmount cancer drug resistance and/or synergize the effects of existing drugs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are overexpressed in a large number of human tumors and mediate resistance to cancer chemotherapeutics and antihormonal therapies. Existing drugs and new agents in development may surmount this resistance by acting as specific AKR isoforms or AKR pan-inhibitors to improve clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor M Penning
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (T.M.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Science (S.J., P.C.T.) and Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (P.C.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center and UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, Omaha, Nebraska; and Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (T.L.R.)
| | - Sravan Jonnalagadda
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (T.M.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Science (S.J., P.C.T.) and Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (P.C.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center and UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, Omaha, Nebraska; and Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (T.L.R.)
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (T.M.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Science (S.J., P.C.T.) and Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (P.C.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center and UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, Omaha, Nebraska; and Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (T.L.R.)
| | - Tea Lanišnik Rižner
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (T.M.P.); Department of Pharmaceutical Science (S.J., P.C.T.) and Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (P.C.T.), University of Nebraska Medical Center and UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, Omaha, Nebraska; and Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (T.L.R.)
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22
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Huwaimel BI, Bhakta M, Kulkarni CA, Milliken AS, Wang F, Peng A, Brookes PS, Trippier PC. Discovery of Halogenated Benzothiadiazine Derivatives with Anticancer Activity*. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1143-1162. [PMID: 33331124 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiratory complex II (CII), also known as succinate dehydrogenase, plays a critical role in mitochondrial metabolism. Known but low potency CII inhibitors are selectively cytotoxic to cancer cells including the benzothiadiazine-based anti-hypoglycemic diazoxide. Herein, we study the structure-activity relationship of benzothiadiazine derivatives for CII inhibition and their effect on cancer cells for the first time. A 15-fold increase in CII inhibition was achieved over diazoxide, albeit with micromolar IC50 values. Cytotoxicity evaluation of the novel derivatives resulted in the identification of compounds with much greater antineoplastic effect than diazoxide, the most potent of which possesses an IC50 of 2.93±0.07 μM in a cellular model of triple-negative breast cancer, with high selectivity over nonmalignant cells and more than double the potency of the clinical agent 5-fluorouracil. No correlation between cytotoxicity and CII inhibition was found, thus indicating an as-yet-undefined mechanism of action of this scaffold. The derivatives described herein represent valuable hit compounds for therapeutic discovery in triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader I Huwaimel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
| | - Myla Bhakta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Chaitanya A Kulkarni
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Alexander S Milliken
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Aimin Peng
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Paul S Brookes
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
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23
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Ashraf-Uz-Zaman M, Shahi S, Akwii R, Sajib MS, Farshbaf MJ, Kallem RR, Putnam W, Wang W, Zhang R, Alvina K, Trippier PC, Mikelis CM, German NA. Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of novel urea compounds as FGFR1 inhibitors to treat metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 209:112866. [PMID: 33039722 PMCID: PMC7744370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of cancer characterized by higher metastatic and reoccurrence rates, where approximately one-third of TNBC patients suffer from the metastasis in the brain. At the same time, TNBC shows good responses to chemotherapy, a feature that fuels the search for novel compounds with therapeutic potential in this area. Recently, we have identified novel urea-based compounds with cytotoxicity against selected cell lines and with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier in vivo. We have synthesized and analyzed a library of more than 40 compounds to elucidate the key features responsible for the observed activity. We have also identified FGFR1 as a molecular target that is affected by the presence of these compounds, confirming our data using in silico model. Overall, we envision that these compounds can be further developed for the potential treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashraf-Uz-Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Sadisna Shahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Racheal Akwii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Md Sanaullah Sajib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | | | - Raja Reddy Kallem
- Clinical Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - William Putnam
- Clinical Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karina Alvina
- Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Nadezhda A German
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA; Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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24
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Reddy PH, Swerdlow RH, Culberson J, Kang D, Mitchell TL, Smith Q, Suneja S, Ory MG, Kumar S, Vijayan M, Morsy A, Arandia G, Lawrence JJ, George E, Oliver D, Pradeepkiran JA, Yin X, Reddy AP, Manczak M, Cengiz P, Karamyan VT, Kandimalla R, Kuruva CS, Willms J, Ramasubramanian B, Sawant N, Burugu D, Boles AN, Lopez V, Carrasco R, Aguirre C, Thompson S, Blackmon J, Ament C, Wang R, Stephens ER, Hoang B, Bass K, Trippier PC, Hornback C, Kottapalli P, Kottapalli KR, Oddo S. Current Status of Healthy Aging and Dementia Research: A Symposium Summary. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 72:S11-S35. [PMID: 31104030 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the 'First Regional Healthy Aging and Dementia Research Symposium' was to discuss the latest research in healthy aging and dementia research, public health trends related to neurodegenerative diseases of aging, and community-based programs and research studying health, nutrition, and cognition. This symposium was organized by the Garrison Institute on Aging (GIA) of the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC), and was held in Lubbock, Texas, October 24-25, 2018. The Symposium joined experts from educational and research institutions across the United States. The two-day Symposium included all GIA staff and researchers. Students, postdoctoral fellows, and faculty members involved in dementia research presented at the Symposium. Healthcare professionals, from geriatricians to social workers working with patients with neurodegenerative diseases, also presented. In addition, experts traveled from across the United States to participate. This event was comprised of multiple sessions, each with several oral presentations, followed by questions and answers, and discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | - John Culberson
- Department of Family Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - David Kang
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Tedd L Mitchell
- Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Quentin Smith
- Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | - Marcia G Ory
- Marcia G. Ory, Texas A&M, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Murali Vijayan
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ahmed Morsy
- Texas Tech University Health Science Center Amarillo, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Gabriela Arandia
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - J Josh Lawrence
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth George
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Darryll Oliver
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | - Xiangling Yin
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Arubala P Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Maria Manczak
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Pelin Cengiz
- Pelin Cengiz, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Kuruva
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Joshua Willms
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | - Neha Sawant
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Divya Burugu
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Annette N Boles
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Veronica Lopez
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Rocio Carrasco
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Cordelia Aguirre
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Susan Thompson
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Joan Blackmon
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Clay Ament
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Emily R Stephens
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Brittney Hoang
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Kevin Bass
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Texas Tech University Health Science Center Amarillo, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Hornback
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Pratibha Kottapalli
- Center Biotechnology and Genetics Core Facility, Texas Tech University, Canton Main Experimental Sciences Building, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Kameswara Rao Kottapalli
- Center Biotechnology and Genetics Core Facility, Texas Tech University, Canton Main Experimental Sciences Building, Lubbock, TX, USA
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25
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Kinarivala N, Morsy A, Patel R, Carmona AV, Sajib MS, Raut S, Mikelis CM, Al-Ahmad A, Trippier PC. An iPSC-Derived Neuron Model of CLN3 Disease Facilitates Small Molecule Phenotypic Screening. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:931-947. [PMID: 33073192 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a family of rare lysosomal storage disorders. The most common form of NCL occurs in children harboring a mutation in the CLN3 gene. This form is lethal with no existing cure or treatment beyond symptomatic relief. The pathophysiology of CLN3 disease is complex and poorly understood, with current in vivo and in vitro models failing to identify pharmacological targets for therapeutic intervention. This study reports the characterization of the first CLN3 patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived model of the blood-brain barrier and establishes the suitability of an iPSC-derived neuron model of the disease to facilitate compound screening. Upon differentiation, hallmarks of CLN3 disease are apparent, including lipofuscin and subunit c of mitochondrial ATP synthase accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and attenuated Bcl-2 expression. The model led to the identification of small molecules that cleared subunit c accumulation by mTOR-independent modulation of autophagy, conferred protective effects through induction of Bcl-2 and rescued mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihar Kinarivala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Ahmed Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Ronak Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Angelica V Carmona
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Md Sanaullah Sajib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Snehal Raut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Abraham Al-Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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26
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Abstract
The amide functional group plays a key role in the composition of biomolecules, including many clinically approved drugs. Bioisosterism is widely employed in the rational modification of lead compounds, being used to increase potency, enhance selectivity, improve pharmacokinetic properties, eliminate toxicity, and acquire novel chemical space to secure intellectual property. The introduction of a bioisostere leads to structural changes in molecular size, shape, electronic distribution, polarity, pKa, dipole or polarizability, which can be either favorable or detrimental to biological activity. This approach has opened up new avenues in drug design and development resulting in more efficient drug candidates introduced onto the market as well as in the clinical pipeline. Herein, we review the strategic decisions in selecting an amide bioisostere (the why), synthetic routes to each (the how), and success stories of each bioisostere (the implementation) to provide a comprehensive overview of this important toolbox for medicinal chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Angelica V Carmona
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States.,UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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27
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Abstract
The antiandrogen therapeutics apalutamide and darolutamide entered the clinic in 2018 and 2019, respectively, for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Increased expression of the enzyme aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) is phenotypic of CRPC. The enzyme acts to circumvent castration by producing potent androgens that drive proliferation. Furthermore, AKR1C3 mediates chemotherapeutic resistance to the standard of care, enzalutamide, a structural analogue of apalutamide. Resistance develops in almost all CRPC patients within three months of beginning treatment. Herein, we report that both apalutamide and the structurally distinct darolutamide induce AKR1C3 expression in in vitro models of prostate cancer and are susceptible to AKR1C3-mediated resistance. This effect is countered by pretreatment with a potent and highly selective AKR1C3 inhibitor, sensitizing high AKR1C3 expressing prostate cancer cell lines to the action of both chemotherapeutics with a concomitant reduction in expression of AKR1C3 and the biomarker prostate-specific antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
- Fred and Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Paul C. Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
- Fred and Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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Verma K, Zang T, Penning TM, Trippier PC. Potent and Highly Selective Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) Inhibitors Act as Chemotherapeutic Potentiators in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3590-3616. [PMID: 30836001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) catalyzes the synthesis of 9α,11β-prostaglandin (PG) F2α and PGF2α prostanoids that sustain the growth of myeloid precursors in the bone marrow. The enzyme is overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Moreover, AKR1C3 confers chemotherapeutic resistance to the anthracyclines: first-line agents for the treatment of leukemias. The highly homologous isoforms AKR1C1 and AKR1C2 inactivate 5α-dihydrotestosterone, and their inhibition would be undesirable. We report herein the identification of AKR1C3 inhibitors that demonstrate exquisite isoform selectivity for AKR1C3 over the other closely related isoforms to the order of >2800-fold. Biological evaluation of our isoform-selective inhibitors revealed a high degree of synergistic drug action in combination with the clinical leukemia therapeutics daunorubicin and cytarabine in in vitro cellular models of AML and primary patient-derived T-ALL cells. Our developed compounds exhibited >100-fold dose reduction index that results in complete resensitization of a daunorubicin-resistant AML cell line to the chemotherapeutic and >100-fold dose reduction of cytarabine in both AML cell lines and primary T-ALL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy , Amarillo , Texas 79106 , United States
| | - Tianzhu Zang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Trevor M Penning
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy , Amarillo , Texas 79106 , United States.,Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , Texas 79409 , United States
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Abstract
No cure or disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) has yet been realized. However, a multitude of pharmacological targets have been identified for possible engagement to enable drug discovery efforts for AD. Herein, we review these targets comprised around three main therapeutic strategies. First is an approach that targets the main pathological hallmarks of AD: amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles which primarily focuses on reducing formation and aggregation, and/or inducing their clearance. Second is a strategy that modulates neurotransmitter signaling. Comprising this strategy are the cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade treatments that are clinically approved for the symptomatic treatment of AD. Additional targets that aim to stabilize neuron signaling through modulation of neurotransmitters and their receptors are also discussed. Finally, the third approach comprises a collection of 'sensitive targets' that indirectly influence Aβ or tau accumulation. These targets are proteins that upon Aβ accumulation in the brain or direct Aβ-target interaction, a modification in the target's function is induced. The process occurs early in disease progression, ultimately causing neuronal dysfunction. This strategy aims to restore normal target function to alleviate Aβ-induced toxicity in neurons. Overall, we generally limit our analysis to targets that have emerged in the last decade and targets that have been validated using small molecules in in vitro and/or in vivo models. This review is not an exhaustive list of all possible targets for AD but serves to highlight the most promising and critical targets suitable for small molecule drug intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
- UNMC Center for Drug Discovery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Paul C. Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
- Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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31
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Abstract
Methamphetamine has the second highest prevalence of drug abuse after cannabis, with estimates of 35 million users worldwide. The ( S)-(+)-enantiomer is the illicit drug, active neurostimulant, and eutomer, while the ( R)-(-)-enantiomer is contained in over the counter decongestants. While designated a schedule II drug in 1970, ( S)-(+)-methamphetamine is available by prescription for the treatment of attention-deficit disorder and obesity. The illicit use of ( S)-(+)-methamphetamine results in the sudden "rush" of stimulation to the motivation, movement, pleasure, and reward centers in the brain, caused by rapid release of dopamine. In this review, we will provide an overview of the synthesis, pharmacology, adverse effects, and drug metabolism of this widely abused psychostimulant that distinguish it as a DARK classic in Chemical Neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Paul C. Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
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32
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Makoukji J, Saadeh F, Mansour KA, El-Sitt S, Al Ali J, Kinarivala N, Trippier PC, Boustany RM. Flupirtine derivatives as potential treatment for the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2018; 5:1089-1103. [PMID: 30250865 PMCID: PMC6144451 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses (NCL) are fatal inherited neurodegenerative diseases with established neuronal cell death and increased ceramide levels in brain, hence, a need for disease‐modifying drug candidates, with potential to enhance growth, reduce apoptosis and lower ceramide in neuronal precursor PC12 cells and human NCL cell lines using enhanced flupirtine aromatic carbamate derivatives in vitro. Methods Aromatic carbamate derivatives were tested by establishing growth curves under pro‐apoptotic conditions and activity evaluated by trypan blue and JC‐1 staining, as well as a drop in pro‐apoptotic ceramide in neuronal precursor PC12 cells following siRNA knockdown of the CLN3 gene, and CLN1‐/CLN2‐/CLN3‐/CLN6‐/CLN8 patient‐derived lymphoblasts. Ceramide levels were determined in CLN1‐/CLN2‐/CLN3‐/CLN6‐/CLN8 patient‐derived lymphoblasts before and after treatment. Expression of BCL‐2, ceramide synthesis enzymes (CERS2/CERS6/SMPD1/DEGS2) and Caspases 3/8/9 levels were compared in treated versus untreated CLN3‐deficient PC12 cells by qRT‐PCR. Results Retigabine, the benzyl‐derivatized carbamate and an allyl carbamate derivative were neuroprotective in CLN3‐defective PC12 cells and rescued CLN1‐/CLN2‐/CLN3‐/CLN6‐/CLN8 patient‐derived lymphoblasts from diminished growth and accelerated apoptosis. All drugs decreased ceramide in CLN1‐/CLN2‐/CLN3‐/CLN6‐/CLN8 patient‐derived lymphoblasts. Increased BCL‐2 and decreased ceramide synthesis enzyme expression were established in CLN3‐derived PC12 cells treated with the benzyl and allyl carbamate derivatives. They down‐regulated Caspase 3/Caspase 8 expression. Caspase 9 expression was reduced by the benzyl‐derivatized carbamate. Interpretation These findings establish that compounds analogous to flupirtine demonstrate anti‐apoptotic activity with potential for treatment of NCL disease and use of ceramide as a marker for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle Makoukji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - Fadi Saadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - Karl Albert Mansour
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - Sally El-Sitt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - Jamal Al Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
| | - Nihar Kinarivala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Amarillo Texas
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Amarillo Texas
| | - Rose-Mary Boustany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon.,Neurogenetics Program AUBMC Special Kids Clinic Division of Pediatric Neurology Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut Lebanon
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Suthe SR, Yao HP, Trippier PC, Wang MH. Abstract 745: Development of a novel ron receptor targeted antibody-drug conjugates using cysteine bridging technology for potential treatment of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Therapeutics targeting known oncoproteins have been applied for pancreatic cancer treatment but clinical outcomes are not promising. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify novel targets and develop effective drugs to improve pancreatic cancer therapeutic index. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) represent a promising class of drugs for targeted cancer therapy. Here we developed a novel ADC targeting RON receptor tyrosine kinase for potential pancreatic cancer treatment. To this end, we have synthesized a bis-alkylating linker (BL), attached to a lysosomal protease-cleavable dipeptide with payload Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). The BL-MMAE was then conjugated to Zt/g4 (anti-RON mAb) through cysteine bridging technology to produce Zt/g4-BL-MMAE with a homogeneous conjugation profile and an antibody to drug ratio of 1:4. Zt/g4-BL-MMAE showed significant improvement in drug conjugation homogeneity and serum stability over conventional ADCs prepared through maleimide based linkers. In pancreatic cancer cell lines overexpressing RON, Zt/g4-BL-MMAE specifically targeted RON-expressing tumor cells and was effective in rapid induction of cell surface RON endocytosis. Functional analysis revealed that Zt/g4-BL-MMAE caused cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, reduction of cell viability and subsequently resulted in massive cell death. The calculated IC50 is in the range of 1 to 2 µg/ml. We conclude that Zt/g4-BL-MMAE is a novel anti-RON ADC with excellent conjugation profile, serum stability, and selective cytotoxicity for pancreatic cancer cells. This work provides a pharmaceutical opportunity for evaluating potentials of RON-targeted ADCs in pancreatic cancer treatment in the future.
Citation Format: Sreedhar Reddy Suthe, Hang-Ping Yao, Paul C. Trippier, Ming-Hai Wang. Development of a novel ron receptor targeted antibody-drug conjugates using cysteine bridging technology for potential treatment of pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 745.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hang-Ping Yao
- 2Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Ming-Hai Wang
- 1Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX
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Verma K, Gupta N, Zang T, Wangtrakluldee P, Srivastava SK, Penning TM, Trippier PC. AKR1C3 Inhibitor KV-37 Exhibits Antineoplastic Effects and Potentiates Enzalutamide in Combination Therapy in Prostate Adenocarcinoma Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1833-1845. [PMID: 29891491 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3), also known as type 5 17 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, is responsible for intratumoral androgen biosynthesis, contributing to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and eventual chemotherapeutic failure. Significant upregulation of AKR1C3 is observed in CRPC patient samples and derived CRPC cell lines. As AKR1C3 is a downstream steroidogenic enzyme synthesizing intratumoral testosterone (T) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the enzyme represents a promising therapeutic target to manage CRPC and combat the emergence of resistance to clinically employed androgen deprivation therapy. Herein, we demonstrate the antineoplastic activity of a potent, isoform-selective and hydrolytically stable AKR1C3 inhibitor (E)-3-(4-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3-(3-phenylpropanamido)phenyl)acrylic acid (KV-37), which reduces prostate cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo and sensitizes CRPC cell lines (22Rv1 and LNCaP1C3) toward the antitumor effects of enzalutamide. Crucially, KV-37 does not induce toxicity in nonmalignant WPMY-1 prostate cells nor does it induce weight loss in mouse xenografts. Moreover, KV-37 reduces androgen receptor (AR) transactivation and prostate-specific antigen expression levels in CRPC cell lines indicative of a therapeutic effect in prostate cancer. Combination studies of KV-37 with enzalutamide reveal a very high degree of synergistic drug interaction that induces significant reduction in prostate cancer cell viability via apoptosis, resulting in >200-fold potentiation of enzalutamide action in drug-resistant 22Rv1 cells. These results demonstrate a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of drug-resistant CRPC that invariably develops in prostate cancer patients following initial treatment with AR antagonists such as enzalutamide. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(9); 1833-45. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas
| | - Nehal Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas
| | - Tianzhu Zang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Phumvadee Wangtrakluldee
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sanjay K Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas.,Department of Immunotherapeutics and Biotechnology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Abilene, Texas
| | - Trevor M Penning
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas. .,Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
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35
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Kinarivala N, Patel R, Boustany RM, Al-Ahmad A, Trippier PC. Discovery of Aromatic Carbamates that Confer Neuroprotective Activity by Enhancing Autophagy and Inducing the Anti-Apoptotic Protein B-Cell Lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). J Med Chem 2017; 60:9739-9756. [PMID: 29110485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases share certain pathophysiological hallmarks that represent common targets for drug discovery. In particular, dysfunction of proteostasis and the resultant apoptotic death of neurons represent common pathways for pharmacological intervention. A library of aromatic carbamate derivatives based on the clinically available drug flupirtine was synthesized to determine a structure-activity relationship for neuroprotective activity. Several derivatives were identified that possess greater protective effect in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons, protecting up to 80% of neurons against etoposide-induced apoptosis at concentrations as low as 100 nM. The developed aromatic carbamates possess physicochemical properties desirable for CNS therapeutics. The primary known mechanisms of action of the parent scaffold are not responsible for the observed neuroprotective activity. Herein, we demonstrate that neuroprotective aromatic carbamates function to increase the Bcl-2/Bax ratio to an antiapoptotic state and activate autophagy through induction of beclin 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihar Kinarivala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Ronak Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Rose-Mary Boustany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Medical Center , Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Abraham Al-Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States.,Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University , Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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36
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Wang H, Huwaimel B, Verma K, Miller J, Germain TM, Kinarivala N, Pappas D, Brookes PS, Trippier PC. Synthesis and Antineoplastic Evaluation of Mitochondrial Complex II (Succinate Dehydrogenase) Inhibitors Derived from Atpenin A5. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1033-1044. [PMID: 28523727 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex II (CII) is an emerging target for numerous human diseases. Sixteen analogues of the CII inhibitor natural product atpenin A5 were prepared to evaluate the structure-activity relationship of the C5 pyridine side chain. The side chain ketone moiety was determined to be pharmacophoric, engendering a bioactive conformation. One analogue, 1-(2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-dimethoxypyridin-3-yl)hexan-1-one (16 c), was found to have a CII IC50 value of 64 nm, to retain selectivity for CII over mitochondrial complex I (>156-fold), and to possess a ligand-lipophilicity efficiency (LLE) of 5.62, desirable metrics for a lead compound. This derivative and other highly potent CII inhibitors show potent and selective anti-proliferative activity in multiple human prostate cancer cell lines under both normoxia and hypoxia, acting to inhibit mitochondrial electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhen Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Bader Huwaimel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Kshitij Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - James Miller
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Todd M Germain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Nihar Kinarivala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - Dimitri Pappas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Paul S Brookes
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.,Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
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37
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Kinarivala N, Shah K, Abbruscato TJ, Trippier PC. Passage Variation of PC12 Cells Results in Inconsistent Susceptibility to Externally Induced Apoptosis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:82-88. [PMID: 27718545 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The PC12 cell line is a widely used in vitro model for screening the neuroprotective activity of small molecule libraries. External insult due to serum deprivation or addition of etoposide induces cell death by apoptosis. While this screening method is commonly used in early stage drug discovery no protocol accounting for cell passage number effect on neuroprotective activity has been disclosed. We herein report that passage variation results in false-positive/false-negative identification of neuroprotective compounds; undifferentiated PC12 cells with high passage number are less sensitive to injury induced by serum-deprivation or etoposide treatment. In contrast, NGF differentiated PC12 cells of later passage number are more sensitive to injury induced by etoposide than lower passage number but only after 72 h. Passage number also affects the adherence phenotype of the PC12 cells, complicating screening assays. We report an optimized protocol for screening the neuroprotective activity of small molecules in PC12 cells, which accounts for passage number variations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul C. Trippier
- Center
for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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38
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Verma K, Zang T, Gupta N, Penning TM, Trippier PC. Selective AKR1C3 Inhibitors Potentiate Chemotherapeutic Activity in Multiple Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Cell Lines. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:774-9. [PMID: 27563402 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of potent and selective inhibitors of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3), an important enzyme in the regulatory pathway controlling proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in myeloid cells. Combination treatment with the nontoxic AKR1C3 inhibitors and etoposide or daunorubicin in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines, elicits a potent adjuvant effect, potentiating the cytotoxicity of etoposide by up to 6.25-fold and the cytotoxicity of daunorubicin by >10-fold. The results validate AKR1C3 inhibition as a common adjuvant target across multiple AML subtypes. These compounds in coadministration with chemotherapeutics in clinical use enhance therapeutic index and may avail chemotherapy as a treatment option to the pediatric and geriatric population currently unable to tolerate the side effects of cancer drug regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Verma
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Tianzhu Zang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160, United States
| | - Nehal Gupta
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Trevor M. Penning
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160, United States
| | - Paul C. Trippier
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
- Center
for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
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39
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C. Trippier P. Selecting Good ‘Drug-Like’ Properties to Optimize Small Molecule Blood-Brain Barrier Penetration. Curr Med Chem 2016; 23:1392-407. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867323666160405112353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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40
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Kinarivala N, Suh JH, Botros M, Webb P, Trippier PC. Pharmacophore elucidation of phosphoiodyn A - Potent and selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ agonists with neuroprotective activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1889-93. [PMID: 26988304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the pharmacophore of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) agonist natural product phosphoiodyn A is the phosphonate core. Synthesis of simplified phosphonate esters 13 and 15 provide structurally novel, highly selective and potent PPARδ agonists (EC50=78 and 112 nM, respectively). Further, both compounds demonstrate significant neuroprotective activity in an in vitro cellular model indicating that phosphonates may be an effective novel scaffold for the design of therapeutics for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihar Kinarivala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Ji Ho Suh
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Genomic Medicine Program, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mina Botros
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Paul Webb
- The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Genomic Medicine Program, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA; Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
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C. Trippier P. Editorial (Thematic Issue: Small Molecule Drug Discovery for Pediatric Diseases). Mini Rev Med Chem 2016; 16:428-9. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557516999160208143753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kinarivala N, Trippier PC. Progress in the Development of Small Molecule Therapeutics for the Treatment of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses (NCLs). J Med Chem 2015; 59:4415-27. [PMID: 26565590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of inherited and incurable neurodegenerative disorders primarily afflicting the pediatric population. Current treatment regimens offer only symptomatic relief and do not target the underlying cause of the disease. Although the underlying pathophysiology that drives disease progression is unknown, several small molecules have been identified with diverse mechanisms of action that provide promise for the treatment of this devastating disease. This review aims to summarize the current cellular and animal models available for the identification of potential therapeutics and presents the current state of knowledge on small molecule compounds that demonstrate in vitro and/or in vivo efficacy across the NCLs with an emphasis on targets of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihar Kinarivala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States.,Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University , Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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Zang T, Verma K, Chen M, Jin Y, Trippier PC, Penning TM. Screening baccharin analogs as selective inhibitors against type 5 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C3). Chem Biol Interact 2014; 234:339-48. [PMID: 25555457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3), also known as type 5 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, is a downstream steroidogenic enzyme and converts androgen precursors to the potent androgen receptor ligands: testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone. Studies have shown that AKR1C3 is involved in the development of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and that it is a rational drug target for the treatment of CRPC. Baccharin, a component of Brazilian propolis, has been observed to exhibit a high inhibitory potency and selectivity for AKR1C3 over other AKR1C isoforms and is a promising lead compound for developing more potent and selective inhibitors. Here, we report the screening of fifteen baccharin analogs as selective inhibitors against AKR1C3 versus AKR1C2 (type 3 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase). Among these analogs, the inhibitory activity and selectivity of thirteen compounds were evaluated for the first time. The substitution of the 4-dihydrocinnamoyloxy group of baccharin by an acetate group displayed nanomolar inhibitory potency (IC50: 440 nM) and a 102-fold selectivity over AKR1C2. By contrast, when the cinnamic acid group of baccharin was esterified, there was a dramatic decrease in potency and selectivity for AKR1C3 in comparison to baccharin. Low or sub-micromolar inhibition was observed when the 3-prenyl group of baccharin was removed, and the selectivity over AKR1C2 was low. Although unsubstituted baccharin was still the most potent (IC50: 100 nM) and selective inhibitor for AKR1C3, these data provide structure-activity relationships required for the optimization of new baccharin analogs. They suggest that the carboxylate group on cinnamic acid, the prenyl group, and either retention of 4-dihydrocinnamoyloxy group or acetate substituent on cinnamic acid are important to maintain the high potency and selectivity for AKR1C3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhu Zang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, United States
| | - Kshitij Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States
| | - Mo Chen
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, United States
| | - Yi Jin
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, United States
| | - Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States; Center for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, United States.
| | - Trevor M Penning
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160, United States.
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Trippier PC, Zhao KT, Fox SG, Schiefer IT, Benmohamed R, Moran J, Kirsch DR, Morimoto RI, Silverman RB. Proteasome activation is a mechanism for pyrazolone small molecules displaying therapeutic potential in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:823-9. [PMID: 25001311 PMCID: PMC4176317 DOI: 10.1021/cn500147v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
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Amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and ultimately
fatal neurodegenerative disease. Pyrazolone containing small molecules
have shown significant disease attenuating efficacy in cellular and
murine models of ALS. Pyrazolone based affinity probes were synthesized
to identify high affinity binding partners and ascertain a potential
biological mode of action. Probes were confirmed to be neuroprotective
in PC12-SOD1G93A cells. PC12-SOD1G93A cell lysates
were used for protein pull-down, affinity purification, and subsequent
proteomic analysis using LC-MS/MS. Proteomics identified the 26S proteasome
regulatory subunit 4 (PSMC1), 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B
(PSMC4), and T-complex protein 1 (TCP-1) as putative protein targets.
Coincubation with appropriate competitors confirmed the authenticity
of the proteomics results. Activation of the proteasome by pyrazolones
was demonstrated in the absence of exogenous proteasome inhibitor
and by restoration of cellular protein degradation of a fluorogenic
proteasome substrate in PC12-SOD1G93A cells. Importantly,
supplementary studies indicated that these molecules do not induce
a heat shock response. We propose that pyrazolones represent a rare
class of molecules that enhance proteasomal activation in the absence
of a heat shock response and may have therapeutic potential in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Radhia Benmohamed
- Cambria Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | | | - Donald R. Kirsch
- Cambria Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
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Trippier PC, Benmohamed R, Kirsch DR, Silverman RB. Corrigendum to “Substituted pyrazolones require N2 hydrogen bond donating ability to protect against cytotoxicity from protein aggregation of mutant superoxide dismutase 1” [Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 22 (2012) 6647–6650]. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Trippier PC, Labby KJ, Hawker DD, Mataka JJ, Silverman RB. Target- and mechanism-based therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases: strength in numbers. J Med Chem 2013; 56:3121-47. [PMID: 23458846 PMCID: PMC3637880 DOI: 10.1021/jm3015926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of new therapeutics for the treatment of neurodegenerative pathophysiologies currently stands at a crossroads. This presents an opportunity to transition future drug discovery efforts to target disease modification, an area in which much still remains unknown. In this Perspective we examine recent progress in the areas of neurodegenerative drug discovery, focusing on some of the most common targets and mechanisms: N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors, voltage gated calcium channels (VGCCs), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species, and protein aggregation. These represent the key players identified in neurodegeneration and are part of a complex, intertwined signaling cascade. The synergistic delivery of two or more compounds directed against these targets, along with the design of small molecules with multiple modes of action, should be explored in pursuit of more effective clinical treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C. Trippier
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Kristin Jansen Labby
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Dustin D. Hawker
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Jan J. Mataka
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
| | - Richard B. Silverman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Abstract
Biotinylation, the functional appendage of a biotin moiety to a bioactive compound (including small molecules and biological macromolecules), represents a common technique for identification of the intracellular binding partners that underlie the foundation of observed biological activity. Introduction of an attachment tether to the framework of a compound of interest must be planned at an early stage of development, and many considerations apply: 1) region of attachment, so as not to impede the pharmacophore; 2) stability of the parent molecular architecture to biotinylation conditions; 3) regioselectivity for the chosen tethering location over other reactive functionalities; 4) toxicity of reagents if biotinylation is to be performed in vitro; and 5) overall ease of synthesis. This review is intended to serve as a guide for the selection of appropriate tethering modalities. Examples of the common techniques used to affix biotin, including amide bond formation, [3+2] cycloadditions through "click" chemistry, Staudinger ligation, and thioether formation will be discussed, along with analysis of the wider applications of synthetic methodology that have been applied toward the biotinylation of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA.
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Trippier PC, Benmohamed R, Benmohammed R, Kirsch DR, Silverman RB. Substituted pyrazolones require N2 hydrogen bond donating ability to protect against cytotoxicity from protein aggregation of mutant superoxide dismutase 1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:6647-50. [PMID: 23021992 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.08.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating and fatal neurodegenerative disease. Although the cause remains unknown, misfolded protein aggregates are seen in neurons of sporadic ALS patients, and familial ALS mutations, including mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), produce proteins with an increased propensity to misfold and aggregate. A structure activity relationship of a lead scaffold exhibiting neuroprotective activity in a G93A-SOD1 mouse model for ALS has been further investigated in a model PC12 cellular assay. Synthesis of biotinylated probes at the N(1) nitrogen of the pyrazolone ring gave compounds (5d-e) that retained activity within 10-fold of the proton-bearing lead compound (5a) and were equipotent with a sterically less cumbersome N(1)-methyl substituted analogue (5b). However, when methyl substitution was introduced at N(1) and N(2) of the pyrazolone ring, the compound was inactive (5c). These data led us to investigate further the pharmacophoric nature of the pyrazolone unit. A range of N(1) substitutions were tolerated, leading to the identification of an N(1)-benzyl substituted pyrazolone (5m), equipotent with 5a. Substitution at N(2) or excision of N(2), however, removed all activity. Therefore, the hydrogen bond donating ability of the N(2)-H of the pyrazolone ring appears to be a critical part of the structure, which will influence further analogue synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Trippier
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Angelov P, Chau YKS, Fryer PJ, Moloney MG, Thompson AL, Trippier PC. Biomimetic synthesis, antibacterial activity and structure-activity properties of the pyroglutamate core of oxazolomycin. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3472-85. [PMID: 22437843 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob00042c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic intramolecular aldol reactions on oxazolidine templates derived from serine may be used to generate densely functionalised pyroglutamates, which are simpler mimics of the right hand side of oxazolomycin. Some of the compounds from this sequence exhibit in vivo activity against S. aureus and E. coli, suggesting that pyroglutamate scaffolds may be useful templates for the development of novel antibacterials, and cheminformatic analysis has been used to provide some structure-activity data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plamen Angelov
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, The University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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Klaić L, Trippier PC, Mishra RK, Morimoto RI, Silverman RB. Remarkable stereospecific conjugate additions to the Hsp90 inhibitor celastrol. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:19634-7. [PMID: 22087583 DOI: 10.1021/ja208359a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Celastrol, an important natural product and Hsp90 inhibitor with a wide range of biological and medical activities and broad use as a biological probe, acts by an as yet undetermined mode of action. It is known to undergo Michael additions with biological sulfur nucleophiles. Here it is demonstrated that nucleophiles add to the pharmacophore of celastrol in a remarkable stereospecific manner. Extensive characterization of the addition products has been obtained using NMR spectrometry, nuclear Overhauser effects, and density functional theory to determine facial selectivity and gain insight into the orbital interactions of the reactive centers. This stereospecificity of celastrol may be important to its protein target selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lada Klaić
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA
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