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Angellotti D, Manzo R, Castiello DS, Immobile Molaro M, Mariani A, Iapicca C, Nappa D, Simonetti F, Avvedimento M, Leone A, Canonico ME, Spaccarotella CAM, Franzone A, Ilardi F, Esposito G, Piccolo R. Echocardiographic Evaluation after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Comprehensive Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1079. [PMID: 37240724 PMCID: PMC10221682 DOI: 10.3390/life13051079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an increasingly popular treatment option for patients with severe aortic stenosis. Recent advancements in technology and imaging tools have significantly contributed to the success of TAVI procedures. Echocardiography plays a pivotal role in the evaluation of TAVI patients, both before and after the procedure. This review aims to provide an overview of the most recent technical advancements in echocardiography and their use in the follow-up of TAVI patients. In particular, the focus will be on the examination of the influence of TAVI on left and right ventricular function, which is frequently accompanied by other structural and functional alterations. Echocardiography has proven to be key also in detecting valve deterioration during extended follow-up. This review will provide valuable insights into the technical advancements in echocardiography and their role in the follow-up of TAVI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Raffaele Piccolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Haum M, Humpfer F, Steffen J, Fischer J, Stocker TJ, Sadoni S, Theiss H, Braun D, Orban M, Rizas K, Massberg S, Hausleiter J, Deseive S. Quantification of physical activity with prospective activity tracking after transfemoral aortic valve replacement. Int J Cardiol 2023; 376:100-107. [PMID: 36758861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.01.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a well-established, safe and effective therapy for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS). The aim of this study was to objectively quantify improvement of physical activity after TAVR, with consideration of different low-gradient AS subtypes. METHODS AND RESULTS All patients undergoing TAVR for severe AS were screened. Participants received a wearable activity tracker (Fitbit®) at hospital discharge following TAVR and 6 months thereafter. The difference of median daily steps was defined as surrogate outcome for physical activity. For analysis, patients were grouped into high-gradient (HG) AS (dPmean ≥40 mmHg), classical low-flow low-gradient (LFLG) AS (dPmean <40 mmHg, EF <50%), paradoxical LFLG-AS (dPmean <40 mmHg, EF ≥50%, SVi ≤35 ml/m2) and normal-flow low-gradient (NFLG) AS (dPmean <40 mmHg, EF ≥50%, SVi >35 ml/m2) according to mean transvalvular pressure gradient (dPmean), stroke volume index (SVi) and left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The analysis is based on 230 patients. The median daily step count was 4409 [IQR 2581-7487] after hospital discharge and 5326 [IQR 3045-8668] 6 months thereafter. Median difference of daily steps was ∆529 [IQR -702-2152]). Patients with HG-AS and paradoxical LFLG-AS showed a significant improvement of daily steps (∆951 [IQR -378-2323], p <0.001 and (∆1392 [IQR -609-4444], p = 0.02, respectively). Patients with classical LFLG-AS showed no statistically relevant improvement of daily steps (∆192 [IQR -687-770], p = 0.79). Patients with NFLG-AS showed a numerical decline in daily steps without statistical significance (∆-300 [IQR -1334-1406], p = 0.67). This first prospective study of this sample size shows significant improvement of physical activity after TAVR with an objective and reproducible method. This was mainly driven by an improvement in patients with HG-AS and paradoxical LFLG-AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Haum
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Humpfer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Julius Steffen
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Julius Fischer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas J Stocker
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Sadoni
- Herzchirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Theiss
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Braun
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Orban
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Rizas
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg Hausleiter
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Deseive
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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Schenk J, Kho E, Rellum S, Kromhout J, Vlaar APJ, Baan J, van Mourik MS, Jorstad HT, van der Ster BJP, Westerhof BE, Bruns S, Immink RV, Vis MM, Veelo DP. Immediate reduction in left ventricular ejection time following TAVI is associated with improved quality of life. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:988840. [PMID: 36187009 PMCID: PMC9523106 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.988840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundTAVI has shown to result in immediate and sustained hemodynamic alterations and improvement in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but previous studies have been suboptimal to predict who might benefit from TAVI. The relationship between immediate hemodynamic changes and outcome has not been studied before. This study sought to assess whether an immediate hemodynamic change, reflecting myocardial contractile reserve, following TAVI is associated with improved HRQoL. Furthermore, it assessed whether pre-procedural cardiac power index (CPI) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) could predict these changes.MethodsDuring the TAVI procedure, blood pressure and systemic hemodynamics were prospectively collected with a Nexfin® non-invasive monitor. HRQoL was evaluated pre-procedurally and 12 weeks after the procedure, using the EQ-5D-5L classification tool.ResultsOverall, 97/114 (85%) of the included patients were eligible for analyses. Systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and stroke volume increased immediately after TAVI (all p < 0.005), and left ventricular ejection time (LVET) immediately decreased with 10 ms (95%CI = −4 to −16, p < 0.001). Overall HRQoLindex increased from 0.810 [0.662–0.914] before to 0.887 [0.718–0.953] after TAVI (p = 0.016). An immediate decrease in LVET was associated with an increase in HRQoLindex (0.02 index points per 10 ms LVET decrease, p = 0.041). Pre-procedural CPI and LVEF did not predict hemodynamic changes or change in HRQoL.ConclusionTAVI resulted in an immediate hemodynamic response and increase in HRQoL. Immediate reduction in LVET, suggesting unloading of the ventricle, was associated with an increase in HRQoL, but neither pre-procedural CPI nor LVEF predicted these changes.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03088787
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Schenk
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jimmy Schenk
| | - Eline Kho
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Santino Rellum
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joris Kromhout
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander P. J. Vlaar
- Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan Baan
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martijn S. van Mourik
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Harald T. Jorstad
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Björn J. P. van der Ster
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Berend E. Westerhof
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Perinatology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Steffen Bruns
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rogier V. Immink
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marije M. Vis
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Denise P. Veelo
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Echocardiographic assessment of diastolic dysfunction in elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis before and after aortic valve replacement. Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2021; 19:32. [PMID: 34583696 PMCID: PMC8480046 DOI: 10.1186/s12947-021-00262-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 2016 guidelines of the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) for evaluation of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction by Doppler flow and tissue Doppler- echocardiography do not adjust assessment of high filling pressures for patients with aortic stenosis (AS). However, most of the studies on this patient group indicate age independent specific diastolic features in AS. The aim of this study is to identify disease-specific range and distribution of diastolic functional parameters and their ability to identify high N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels as a marker for high filling pressures. Methods In this study, 169 patients who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) were prospectively enrolled. Resting echocardiography was performed including Doppler of the mitral inflow, pulmonary venous flow, tricuspid regurgitant flow and tissue Doppler in the mitral ring and indexed volume-estimates of the left atrium (LAVI). Echocardiography, and NT-proBNP levels were assessed before TAVR/SAVR and at two postoperative visits at 6 and 12 months. Results Pre- and postoperative values were septal e′; 5.1 ± 3.9, 5.2 ± 1.6 cm/s; lateral e′ 6.3 ± 2.1; 7.7 ± 2.7 cm/s; E/e′19 ± 8; 16 ± 7 cm/s; E velocity 96 ± 32; 95 ± 32 cm/s; LAVI 39 ± 8; 36 ± 8 ml/m2, pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) 39 ± 8; 36 ± 8 mmHg, respectively. The scoring recommended by ASE/EACVI detected elevated NT pro-BNP with a specificity of 25%. Adjusting thresholds towards PAP ≥ 40 mmHg, E velocity ≥ 100 cm/s, E deceleration time < 220 ms, and E/septal e′ ≥ 20 or septal e′ < 5.0 cm/s increased prediction of NT-proBNP levels ≥500 ng/L with substantially improved specificity (> 85%). Conclusion Diastolic echocardiographic parameters in AS indicate persistent impaired relaxation and NT-proBNP indicate elevated filling pressures in most of the patients, improving only modestly 6–12 months after TAVR and SAVR. Applying the 2016 ASE/EACVI recommendations for detection of elevated filling pressures to patients with AS, elevated NT pro-BNP levels could not be reliably detected. However, adjusting thresholds of the echocardiographic parameters increased specificities to useful diagnostic levels. Trial registration The study was prospectively approved by the regional ethical committee, REK North with the registration number: REK 2010/397-10. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12947-021-00262-1.
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Kucukosmanoglu M, Sahin S, Urgun OD, Yildirim A, Kilic S, Sen O, Kurt IH. The Impact of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) on Serum Apelin Levels in Patients with Aortic Valvular Stenosis. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 36:372-378. [PMID: 33113322 PMCID: PMC8357374 DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2020-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) on serum apelin levels in patients with severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis (AS). METHODS Forty-six consecutive patients (76.9±7.4 years, n=27 women) who underwent TAVI and 45 age- and sex-matched control subjects were included in the study. Echocardiographic parameters, serum apelin, pro-brain natriuretic peptide (Pro-BNP), and troponin I levels were compared between the groups. In addition, the preprocedural and first-month follow-up echocardiographic parameters and serum apelin values of TAVI patients were compared. RESULTS Serum median troponin I and Pro-BNP levels were significantly higher and serum apelin levels were significantly lower in TAVI patients before TAVI procedure than in the control subjects (P<0.001, for all). Median troponin I and Pro-BNP levels were significantly decreased and apelin levels were significantly increased after TAVI procedure compared to the peri-procedural levels. There was a significant and moderate negative correlation between Pro-BNP and apelin levels measured before and after TAVI procedure. A statistically significant and strong negative correlation was found between aortic valve area and Pro-BNP level before TAVI procedure, while a statistically significant but weak positive correlation was found between valve area and apelin level. CONCLUSION In our study, apelin levels were significantly lower and Pro-BNP levels were higher in AS patients compared with the control group. Moreover, after TAVI procedure, a significant increase in apelin levels and a significant decrease in Pro-BNP levels were observed. There was also a negative and moderate correlation between apelin and Pro-BNP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kucukosmanoglu
- Department of Cardiology, Health Sciences University, Adana Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Seyda Sahin
- Department of Cardiology, Health Sciences University, Adana Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Orsan Deniz Urgun
- Department of Cardiology, Health Sciences University, Adana Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Arafat Yildirim
- Department of Cardiology, Health Sciences University, Adana Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Salih Kilic
- Department of Cardiology, Health Sciences University, Adana Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Omer Sen
- Department of Cardiology, Health Sciences University, Adana Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Halil Kurt
- Department of Cardiology, Health Sciences University, Adana Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
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Malnutrition, Family Support, and Possible Sarcopenia in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2021; 36:565-572. [PMID: 34016837 PMCID: PMC8542073 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Possible sarcopenia, aortic valve stenosis, and malnutrition are important issues that afflict older adults. Objective The aims of this study were to compare the differences in nutritional status and family support in older adults with possible sarcopenia and those without sarcopenia after undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and to identify the predictors of malnutrition and demonstrate changes in heart function over time after undergoing TAVI. Methods A case-control design was conducted. Possible sarcopenia was identified by measuring calf circumference, grip strength, and gait speed. The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form and numerical family support rating scale were used to collect data. Left ventricular ejection fraction and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class were assessed at 5 time points to evaluate heart function. Results Eighty-one participants were categorized into those without sarcopenia (34) and those with possible sarcopenia (47). Logistic linear regression showed albumin and possible sarcopenia to be predictors of malnutrition (odds ratio, 5.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–30.19). Family support was associated with nutrition status (P = .019). For patient heart function, the results of NYHA functional class and left ventricular ejection fraction improved over time after TAVI. The improvement in NYHA functional class at T2 was significantly different between the 2 groups compared with that at T0. Conclusions The nutrition level was higher among participants without sarcopenia than those with possible sarcopenia. Approximately 90% of the participants indicated that they had high family support. Demographic factors and albumin levels could be used to evaluate risk of malnutrition. Patients without possible sarcopenia showed greater improvement in NYHA class.
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Aortic Stenosis and Diastolic Dysfunction: Partners in Crime. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 76:2952-2955. [PMID: 33334423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Marin F, Scarsini R, Kotronias RA, Printzios DT, Burrage MK, Bray JJH, Ciofani JL, Venturi G, Pighi M, De Maria GL, Banning AP. Aortic Valve Disease and Associated Complex CAD: The Interventional Approach. J Clin Med 2021; 10:946. [PMID: 33804391 PMCID: PMC7957505 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is highly prevalent in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). The management of CAD is a central aspect of the work-up of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), but few data are available on this field and the best percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) practice is yet to be determined. A major challenge is the ability to elucidate the severity of bystander coronary stenosis independently of the severity of aortic valve stenosis and subsequent impact on blood flow. The prognostic role of CAD in patients undergoing TAVI is being still debated and the benefits and the best timing of PCI in this context are currently under evaluation. Additionally, PCI in the setting of advanced AS poses some technical challenges, due to the complex anatomy, risk of hemodynamic instability, and the increased risk of bleeding complications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the available literature on myocardial revascularization in patients with severe AS undergoing TAVI. This work can assist the Heart Team in individualizing decisions about myocardial revascularization, taking into account available diagnostic tools as well as the risks and benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Marin
- Oxford Heart Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (F.M.); (R.A.K.); (D.T.P.); (M.K.B.); (G.L.D.M.)
| | - Roberto Scarsini
- Department of Cardiology, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (R.S.); (G.V.); (M.P.)
| | - Rafail A. Kotronias
- Oxford Heart Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (F.M.); (R.A.K.); (D.T.P.); (M.K.B.); (G.L.D.M.)
| | - Dimitrios Terentes Printzios
- Oxford Heart Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (F.M.); (R.A.K.); (D.T.P.); (M.K.B.); (G.L.D.M.)
| | - Matthew K. Burrage
- Oxford Heart Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (F.M.); (R.A.K.); (D.T.P.); (M.K.B.); (G.L.D.M.)
| | - Jonathan J. H. Bray
- Institute of Life Sciences 2, Swansea Bay University Health Board and Swansea University Medical School, SA2 8QA Swansea, UK;
| | - Jonathan L. Ciofani
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, 2065 Sydney, Australia;
| | - Gabriele Venturi
- Department of Cardiology, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (R.S.); (G.V.); (M.P.)
| | - Michele Pighi
- Department of Cardiology, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (R.S.); (G.V.); (M.P.)
| | - Giovanni L. De Maria
- Oxford Heart Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (F.M.); (R.A.K.); (D.T.P.); (M.K.B.); (G.L.D.M.)
| | - Adrian P. Banning
- Oxford Heart Centre, Oxford University Hospitals, NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (F.M.); (R.A.K.); (D.T.P.); (M.K.B.); (G.L.D.M.)
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Early hemodynamic changes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic stenosis measured by invasive pressure volume loop analysis. Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2020; 37:191-201. [PMID: 33313960 PMCID: PMC8789710 DOI: 10.1007/s12928-020-00737-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Replacement of a stenotic aortic valve reduces immediately the ventricular to aortic gradient and is expected to improve diastolic and systolic left ventricular function over the long term. However, the hemodynamic changes immediately after valve implantation are so far poorly understood. Within this pilot study, we performed an invasive pressure volume loop analysis to describe the early hemodynamic changes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with self-expandable prostheses. Invasive left ventricular pressure volume loop analysis was performed in 8 patients with aortic stenosis (mean 81.3 years) prior and immediately after transfemoral TAVI with a self-expandable valve system (St. Jude Medical Portico Valve). Parameters for global hemodynamics, afterload, contractility and the interaction of the cardiovascular system were analyzed. Left ventricular ejection fraction, (53.9% vs. 44.8%, p = 0.018), preload recruitable stroke work (68.5 vs. 44.8 mmHg, p = 0.012) and end-systolic elastance (3.55 vs. 2.17, p = 0.036) both marker for myocardial contractility declined significantly compared to baseline. As sign of impaired diastolic function, TAU, a preload-independent measure of isovolumic relaxation (37.3 vs. 41.8 ms, p = 0.018) and end-diastolic pressure (13.1 vs. 16.4 mmHg, p = 0.015) raised after valve implantation. Contrarily, a smaller ratio of end-systolic to arterial elastance (ventricular-arterial coupling) indicates an improvement of global cardiovascular energy efficiency (1.40 vs. 0.97 p = 0.036). Arterial elastance had a strong correlation with the number of conducted rapid ventricular pacings (Pearson correlation coefficient, r = 0.772, p = 0.025). Invasive left ventricular pressure volume loop analysis revealed impaired systolic and diastolic function in the early phase after TAVI with self-expandable valve for the treatment of severe aortic stenosis. Contrarily, we found indications for early improvement of global cardiovascular energy efficiency.
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Goyal A, Krishnaswamy A. Percutaneous Valve Interventions in Heart Failure. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11936-020-00841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Nicolas J, Claessen BE, Cao D, Sartori S, Baber U, Power D, Chiarito M, Goel R, Roumeliotis A, Chandiramani R, Chen S, Chandrasekhar J, Tchetche D, Petronio AS, Mehilli J, Lefèvre T, Presbitero P, Capranzano P, Iadanza A, Sardella G, Van Mieghem NM, Meliga E, Dumonteil N, Fraccaro C, Trabattoni D, Mikhail G, Ferrer‐Gracia M, Naber C, Sharma S, Morice M, Dangas GD, Chieffo A, Mehran R. Preprocedural anemia in females undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Insights from the WIN‐TAVI registry. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2020; 97:E704-E715. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.29276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Johny Nicolas
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Bimmer E. Claessen
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Davide Cao
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Samantha Sartori
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Usman Baber
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - David Power
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Mauro Chiarito
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
- Department of Cardiology Istituto Clinico Humanitas Milan Italy
| | - Ridhima Goel
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Anastasios Roumeliotis
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Rishi Chandiramani
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Siyan Chen
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Jaya Chandrasekhar
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Didier Tchetche
- Groupe CardioVasculaire Interventional Clinique Pasteur Toulouse France
| | | | - Julinda Mehilli
- Munich University Clinic Ludwig‐Maximilians University and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance Munich Germany
| | - Thierry Lefèvre
- Institut Hospitalier Jacques Cartier Ramsay Générale de Santé Massy France
| | | | | | - Alessandro Iadanza
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese Policlinico Le Scotte Siena Italy
| | | | | | | | - Nicolas Dumonteil
- Department of Cardiology Rangueil University Hospital Toulouse France
| | | | | | - Ghada Mikhail
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Hammersmith Hospital London UK
| | | | - Christoph Naber
- Contilia Heart and Vascular Centre Elisabeth Krankenhaus Essen Germany
| | - Samin Sharma
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | | | - George D. Dangas
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | | | - Roxana Mehran
- The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
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12
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Dahiya G, Kyvernitakis A, Joshi AA, Lasorda DM, Bailey SH, Raina A, Biederman RWW, Kanwar MK. Impact of transcatheter aortic valve replacement on left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and quality of life in patients with preserved left ventricular function. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 37:485-492. [DOI: 10.1007/s10554-020-02015-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Merdler I, Richert E, Hochstadt A, Loewenstein I, Morgan S, Itach T, Topilsky Y, Finkelstein A, Laufer-Perl M, Banai S, Sadeh B. Echocardiographic L-wave as a prognostic indicator in transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 36:1897-1905. [PMID: 32556718 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-020-01903-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study applies L-wave measurements of mid-diastolic trans-mitral flow. Although considered to be a marker of elevated filling pressure or delayed myocardial relaxation, its clinical and prognostic value is yet to be completely elucidated. It has been shown that transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) induces reverse remodeling and improves diastolic function and prognosis in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Our purpose was to evaluate the prognostic value of L-wave following TAVR. We examined clinical and echocardiographic data of patients undergoing TAVR. L-Wave presence and velocity were recorded at baseline and at 1 month and 6 months following TAVR. The effect of the procedure on L-wave measurements and its impact on mortality and other clinical outcomes were analyzed. A total of 502 patients (mean age 82.58 ± 5.9) undergoing TAVR were included. Patients with baseline L-wave (n = 68, 12%) had a smaller stroke volume index by 5.7 ± 2.3 ml/m2 (p = 0.01) as compared to patients without L-wave at baseline. L-waves disappeared In 35% and 70% of patients at 1 month and at 6 months respectively. Baseline L-wave velocity was 34.8 ± 11.5 (cm/s) and decreased significantly at follow-up examinations. Patients with persistent L-wave following TAVR had higher 3-year adjusted mortality rates (HR 5.7, 95% CI 3.7-8.9, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis of survival was also statistically significant (p < 0.001). TAVR induces L-wave disappearance and a decrease in L-wave velocity in patients with severe AS. L-wave persistence following TAVR is an independent risk factor for mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Merdler
- Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizzman St, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Richert
- Tel Aviv University Medical School, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Aviram Hochstadt
- Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizzman St, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Itamar Loewenstein
- Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizzman St, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Samuel Morgan
- Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizzman St, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamar Itach
- Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizzman St, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yan Topilsky
- Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizzman St, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ariel Finkelstein
- Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizzman St, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Laufer-Perl
- Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizzman St, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shmuel Banai
- Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizzman St, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ben Sadeh
- Department of Cardiology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Affiliated to the Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizzman St, 64239, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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14
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Koifman E, Medvedofsky D, Didier R, Torguson R, Jerusalem Z, Kiramijyan S, Ben-Dor I, Wang Z, Goldstein SA, Xu L, Pichard AD, Satler LF, Waksman R, Asch FM. Impact of Baseline Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2020; 125:258-263. [PMID: 31735329 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We sought to assess the impact of diastolic dysfunction (DD) grade, as per the 2016 American Society of Echocardiography/European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging guidelines, on survival of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We included consecutive patients with severe AS who underwent TAVI in our institution. DD grading was determined retrospectively according to the 2016 ASE DD guidelines and categorized to grade I-III and indeterminate grade I-II DD. Comparison of 1-year survival according to DD grade was performed by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and evaluation of DD at 1 year was performed in a subset of patients. Among 606 TAVI patients, 394 (65%) had sufficient data for DD grading. Seventy-seven (20%) had grade I DD, 191 (48%) had grade II, 60 (15%) had grade III, and 66 (17%) had an indeterminate grade between I and II. Baseline characteristics indicate higher rates of atrial fibrillation, brain natriuretic peptide level, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and indexed left ventricular mass as DD grade increases (all p ≤0.01). In conclusion, comparison of 1-year survival revealed a higher rate of mortality in patients with grade III DD that remained statistically significant following adjustment in a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. DD grade after TAVI improved in patients with grades II and III. Severe AS patients with grade III DD have higher risk for 1-year mortality after TAVI compared with milder degrees of DD. Further research is warranted to explore a potential benefit for aortic valve therapy at an earlier stage of the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Koifman
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia; Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of The Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Diego Medvedofsky
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Romain Didier
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Rebecca Torguson
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Zack Jerusalem
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Sarkis Kiramijyan
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Itsik Ben-Dor
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Zuyue Wang
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Steven A Goldstein
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Linzhi Xu
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Augusto D Pichard
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Lowell F Satler
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Ron Waksman
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Federico M Asch
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia.
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15
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Takagi H, Hari Y, Nakashima K, Yokoyama Y, Ueyama H, Kuno T, Ando T. Baseline left ventricular diastolic dysfunction affects midterm mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. J Card Surg 2019; 35:536-543. [PMID: 31886935 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.14409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether preprocedural left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction impairs midterm mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS), we performed a meta-analysis of currently available evidence. METHODS We identified all studies investigating impact of preprocedural severity of LV diastolic dysfunction on midterm (≥1-year) all-cause mortality after TAVI for patients with AS through a search of databases (MEDLINE and EMBASE) until September 2019. From each study, we extracted an adjusted (if unavailable, unadjusted) hazard ratio (HR) of midterm mortality. We pooled study-specific estimates in the random-effects model. RESULTS Ten eligible studies with a total of 2380 patients with AS undergoing TAVI were identified. In accordance with pooled analyses, higher-grade preprocedural LV diastolic dysfunction was associated with significantly worse midterm all-cause mortality after TAVI compared to lower-grade dysfunction (HR for grade II vs I, 1.15; P = .002; HR for grade III vs I, 1.35; P = .001; HR for grade III vs II; 1.16, P = .002; HR for grade II-III vs I, II-III vs 0-I, or III vs I-II, 1.34; P < .00001 [primary meta-analysis]; HR per grade, 1.16; P = .003). No funnel plot asymmetry for the primary meta-analysis (for grade II-III vs I, II-III vs 0-I, or III vs I-II) was identified, which probably indicated no publication bias (P = .381 by the linear-regression test). CONCLUSION Higher-grade preprocedural LV diastolic dysfunction was associated with worse midterm all-cause mortality after TAVI for patients with AS compared to lower-grade dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Takagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shizuoka Medical Center, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hari
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shizuoka Medical Center, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kouki Nakashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shizuoka Medical Center, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yujiro Yokoyama
- Department of Surgery, Easton Hospital, Easton, Pennsylvania
| | - Hiroki Ueyama
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Toshiki Kuno
- Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Tomo Ando
- Division of Interventional Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
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16
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Malik AO, Omer M, Pflederer MC, Almomani A, Gosch KL, Jones PG, Peri-Okonny PA, Al Badarin F, Brandt HA, Arnold SV, Main ML, Cohen DJ, Spertus JA, Chhatriwalla AK. Association Between Diastolic Dysfunction and Health Status Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2019; 12:2476-2484. [PMID: 31786216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2019.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the association of baseline left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) with health status outcomes of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). BACKGROUND Although LVDD in patients with aortic stenosis is associated with higher mortality after TAVR, it is unknown if it is also associated with health status recovery. METHODS In a cohort of 304 patients with interpretable echocardiograms, undergoing TAVR, LVDD was categorized at baseline as absent (grade 0), mild (grade 1), moderate (grade 2), or severe (grade 3). Disease-specific health status was assessed using the 12-item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall summary score (KCCQ-OS) at baseline and at 1-month and 12-month follow-up. Association of baseline LVDD with health status at baseline and follow-up after TAVR was assessed using a linear trend test, and association with health status recovery (change in KCCQ-OS) was examined using a linear mixed model adjusting for baseline KCCQ-OS. RESULTS Twenty-four (7.9%), 54 (17.8%), 186 (61.2%), and 40 (13.2%) patients had LVDD grades of 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Baseline KCCQ-OS was 61.3 ± 22.7, 51.0 ± 26.1, 44.7 ± 25.7, and 44.4 ± 21.9 (p = 0.004) in patients with LVDD grades of 0, 1,2 and 3. At 1 and 12 months after TAVR, LVDD was not associated with KCCQ-OS. Recovery in KCCQ-OS after TAVR was substantial and similar in patients across all severities of LVDD. CONCLUSIONS Although LVDD is associated with health status prior to TAVR, patients across all severities of LVDD have similar recovery in health status after TAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali O Malik
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri.
| | - Mohamed Omer
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Mathew C Pflederer
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Ahmed Almomani
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Kensey L Gosch
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Philip G Jones
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Poghni A Peri-Okonny
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Firas Al Badarin
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Hunter A Brandt
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Suzanne V Arnold
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Michael L Main
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - David J Cohen
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - John A Spertus
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Adnan K Chhatriwalla
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
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17
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Park J, Suradi HS. State-of-the-art Structural Interventions in Heart Failure. Card Fail Rev 2019; 5:147-154. [PMID: 31768271 PMCID: PMC6848934 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2019.12.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalisation and healthcare costs worldwide. Acute decompensated heart failure accounts for more than 1 million hospitalisations in the US. Despite advances in the quality of acute and chronic HF disease management, gaps in knowledge about effective interventions to support the transition of care for patients with HF remain. Despite multiple trials of promising therapies, standard care consists of decongestion with IV diuretics and haemodynamic support with vasodilators and inotropes and this has remained largely unchanged during the past 45 years. Newer advances in medical innovations and structural heart disease interventions have now given promise to improved survival, outcomes and quality of life for patients with advanced HF of multiple aetiologies. In this article, we focus on structural interventions in the treatment of patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL, US
| | - Hussam S Suradi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL, US
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18
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Anantha-Narayanan M, Malik U, Mbai M, Megaly M, Florea V, Sharma A, Cavalcante JL, Garcia S. Impact of diastolic dysfunction on long-term mortality and quality of life after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2019; 95:1034-1041. [PMID: 31419009 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is conflicting data as to whether diastolic dysfunction (DD) affects the prognosis of patients with aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). METHODS Consecutive patients undergoing TAVR underwent assessment of DD with preoperative echocardiography and NT-pro BNP. Long-term survival was ascertained every 6 months by clinic visits or phone. DD was graded according to the new American Society of Echocardiography recommendations. Health status was assessed at baseline and 30 days post-procedure using the KCCQ-12 questionnaire. Long-term survival was displayed using Kaplan-Meier curves according to NT-pro BNP levels and DD grades. RESULTS We included 222 patients, mean age 78 (±8) years, median STS score 4 (interquartile range = 3-7), median follow-up time 385 days (IQR = 180-640). DD was absent in 25, Grade I in 13, Grade II in 74, Grade III in 24, and indeterminate in 86 patients. Advanced (Grades II-III) DD was associated with higher pre-procedural NT-pro BNP levels (p < .001), worse quality of life (p < .001) but similar surgical risk (p = .43). Advanced and indeterminate DD were associated with increased long-term mortality (25-28% vs. 5%, p = .02) and elevated NT-pro BNP levels (26.4% vs. 9.8%, p = .05). Improvements in quality of life measures were seen in all DD groups (median change in KCCQ score no or Grade I DD:14 [3-21] vs. Grades II-III DD: 15 [16-26; p = .37]). CONCLUSION Preoperative NT-pro BNP levels and echocardiographic indices of indeterminate or advanced DD are associated with increased long-term mortality after TAVR but similar improvements in quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Anantha-Narayanan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Umair Malik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Mackenzi Mbai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Interventional Cardiology, Valve Science Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michael Megaly
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Minneapolis VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Viorel Florea
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Interventional Cardiology, Valve Science Center, Minneapolis Heart Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Alok Sharma
- HonorHealth Heart Group, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - João L Cavalcante
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Minneapolis VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Santiago Garcia
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Minneapolis VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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19
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Aalaei-Andabili SH, Bavry AA. Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Outcomes: A Review. Cardiol Ther 2019; 8:21-28. [PMID: 30847743 PMCID: PMC6525224 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-019-0134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular disease that can lead to increased afterload, left ventricular (LV) remodeling, and myocardial fibrosis. We reviewed the literature addressing the impact of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) on LV remodeling and patients' outcomes by elimination of AS-related high afterload. TAVR reduces afterload and improves LV remodeling recovery. However, myocardial fibrosis may not completely reverse after the TAVR. The LV diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) induced by AS is an independent predictor of post-TAVR mortality, and mortality increases with severity of LVDD. The impact of diastolic dysfunction on patient outcomes emerges at 30 days but continues to persist during mid-term follow-up. Based on severity of the baseline LVDD, some patients may tolerate post-TAVR aortic regurgitation (AR), but even minimal post-TAVR AR in patients with severe baseline LVDD can have an additive negative impact on survival. It is crucial to consider TAVR prior to development of advanced LVDD. Appropriate device selection and deployment technique are important in improvement of TAVR outcomes via elimination of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony A Bavry
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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20
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Adamo M, Fiorina C, Petronio AS, Giannini C, Tamburino C, Barbanti M, Bedogni F, Testa L, Colombo A, Latib A, Bruschi G, Reimers B, Poli A, Nazzaro MS, Curello S, Ettori F. Comparison of Early and Long-Term Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients with New York Heart Association Functional Class IV to those in Class III and Less. Am J Cardiol 2018; 122:1718-1726. [PMID: 30227961 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate the impact of a baseline New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV on clinical outcomes of a large real-world population who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The primary end points were all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and re-hospitalization, evaluated at the longest available follow-up and by means of a 3-month landmark analysis. The secondary end points were: change in NYHA class, left ventricular ejection fraction, pulmonary pressure and mitral regurgitation. Out of 2,467 patients, 271 (11%) had a NYHA functional class IV at the admission. The latter had higher Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score (9.2% vs 5.5%; p < 0.001) compared to NYHA ≤ III patients, owing to more comorbidities (prior myocardial infarction, severe long-term kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, left ventricular dysfunction, significant mitral regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension). Device success was similar between the two groups (93.7% vs 94.5%; p = 0.583). At a median follow-up of 15 months (interquartile range 4 to 36 months) a lower freedom from primary end points was observed among NYHA IV versus NYHA ≤ III group (survival from all-cause death: 52% vs 58.4%; p = 0.002; survival from cardiovascular death: 72.5% vs 76.5%; p = 0.091; freedom from re-hospitalization: 81.5% vs 85.4%; p = 0.038). However, after adjustment for baseline imbalance, NYHA IV did not influence the relative risk of long-term primary end points. A 3-month landmark analysis showed that NYHA IV independently predicted 3-month all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio: 1.77; 95% CI [1.10 to 2.83]; p = 0.018 and hazard ratio: 1.64; 95% CI [1.03 to 2.59]; p = 0.036, respectively). Instead, after 3-month follow-up NYHA IV did not affect the risk of primary end points. A significant improvement of the secondary end points was noted in both NYHA IV and NYHA ≤≤ III groups. In conclusion, the presence of NYHA class IV in TAVI candidates was associated to a significant increased risk of mortality within 3 months. Patients with baseline NYHA IV who survived at 3 months had a long-term outcome comparable to that of other subjects. Left ventricular systolic function, pulmonary pressure, and mitral insufficiency significantly improved after TAVI regardless of baseline NYHA class IV.
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21
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Hahn RT, Nicoara A, Kapadia S, Svensson L, Martin R. Echocardiographic Imaging for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2018; 31:405-433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Asami M, Lanz J, Stortecky S, Räber L, Franzone A, Heg D, Hunziker L, Roost E, Siontis GCM, Valgimigli M, Windecker S, Pilgrim T. The Impact of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction on Clinical Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2018; 11:593-601. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2018.01.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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23
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Pellikka PA, Padang R. Diastolic Dysfunction Pre-Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2018; 11:602-604. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2018.01.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Maeno Y, Abramowitz Y, Yoon SH, Israr S, Jilaihawi H, Watanabe Y, Sharma R, Kawamori H, Miyasaka M, Kazuno Y, Takahashi N, Hariri B, Mangat G, Kashif M, Chakravarty T, Nakamura M, Cheng W, Makkar RR. Relation Between Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Calcium and Mortality Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2017; 120:2017-2024. [PMID: 28941599 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) calcium is known to be associated with adverse procedural outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), yet its effect on midterm outcomes has not been previously investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of LVOT calcium on 2-year mortality after TAVI. A total of 537 consecutive patients underwent TAVI and 2 groups were established, stratified based on the severity of the LVOT calcium. The primary outcome was 2-year overall survival rate. The ≥moderate LVOT calcium group included 107 patients (19.9%) and the remaining 430 patients (80.1%) were included in the ≤mild LVOT calcium group. After a median follow-up of 717 days (interquartile range 484 to 828), the Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the 2-year overall survival probability was significantly lower in the ≥moderate LVOT calcium group than in the ≤mild LVOT calcium group (log-rank p = 0.001). On a Cox hazard model, ≥moderate LVOT calcium was associated with increased all-cause mortality after TAVI (hazard ratio 1.74, p = 0.009). In the subgroup analysis, based on valve designs, SAPIEN 3-TAVI done in the setting of ≥moderate LVOT calcium had a relatively similar survival probability as those of ≤mild LVOT calcium (log-rank p = 0.18), which is in contrast with older generation valves (log-rank p = 0.001). In conclusion, patients with ≥moderate LVOT calcium were shown to have a lower survival probability in the midterm follow-up after TAVI, compared with those with ≤mild LVOT calcium. Patients with high-grade LVOT calcium should be monitored with longer-term follow-ups after TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Maeno
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yigal Abramowitz
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sung-Han Yoon
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sharjeel Israr
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hasan Jilaihawi
- Medicine and Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yusuke Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Teikyo University Hospital, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hiroyuki Kawamori
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Masaki Miyasaka
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yoshio Kazuno
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Babak Hariri
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Geeteshwar Mangat
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mohammad Kashif
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tarun Chakravarty
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mamoo Nakamura
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Wen Cheng
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California
| | - Raj R Makkar
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.
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Utsunomiya H, Mihara H, Itabashi Y, Siegel RJ, Chakravarty T, Jilaihawi H, Makkar RR, Shiota T. Impact of Mitral Annular Displacement on Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Improvement After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Circ J 2017; 81:558-566. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-16-1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Utsunomiya
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital
| | - Hirotsugu Mihara
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
- Department of Cardiology, Yokkaichi Municipal Hospital
| | - Yuji Itabashi
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University
| | | | | | | | - Raj R. Makkar
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
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