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Kanai M, Nishino T, Daassi D, Kimura A, Liao CW, Javanfekr Shahri Z, Wakimoto A, Gogoleva N, Usui T, Morito N, Arita M, Takahashi S, Hamada M. MAFB in Macrophages Regulates Prostaglandin E2-Mediated Lipid Mediator Class Switch through ALOX15 in Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 213:1212-1224. [PMID: 39230290 PMCID: PMC11457724 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages express the transcription factor MAFB (V-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B) and protect against ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the mechanism through which MAFB alleviates AKI in macrophages remains unclear. In this study, we induced AKI in macrophage lineage-specific Mafb-deficient mice (C57BL/6J) using the ischemia-reperfusion injury model to analyze these mechanisms. Our results showed that MAFB regulates the expression of Alox15 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) in macrophages during ischemic AKI. The expression of ALOX15 was significantly decreased at the mRNA and protein levels in macrophages that infiltrated the kidneys of macrophage-specific Mafb-deficient mice at 24 h after ischemia-reperfusion injury. ALOX15 promotes the resolution of inflammation under acute conditions by producing specialized proresolving mediators by oxidizing essential fatty acids. Therefore, MAFB in macrophages promotes the resolution of inflammation in ischemic AKI by regulating the expression of Alox15. Moreover, MAFB expression in macrophages is upregulated via the COX-2/PGE2/EP4 pathway in ischemic AKI. Our in vitro assay showed that MAFB regulates the expression of Alox15 under the COX-2/PGE2/EP4 pathway in macrophages. PGE2 mediates the lipid mediator (LM) class switch from inflammatory LMs to specialized proresolving mediators. Therefore, MAFB plays a key role in the PGE2-mediated LM class switch by regulating the expression of Alox15. Our study identified a previously unknown mechanism by which MAFB in macrophages alleviates ischemic AKI and provides new insights into regulating the LM class switch in acute inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Kanai
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Teppei Nishino
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Dhouha Daassi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akari Kimura
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ching-Wei Liao
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Zeynab Javanfekr Shahri
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Arata Wakimoto
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Natalia Gogoleva
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Usui
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naoki Morito
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science, Yokohama, Japan
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Michito Hamada
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Tae Hong K, Bin Park S, Murale DP, Hoon Lee J, Hwang J, Young Jang W, Lee JS. Disaggregation-Activated pan-COX Imaging Agents for Human Soft tissue Sarcoma. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405525. [PMID: 38607969 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are pivotal players in tumors initiation, growth, and metastasis. While several markers have been identified, there remain challenges particularly in heterogeneous malignancies like adult soft tissue sarcomas, where conventional markers are inherently overexpressed. Here, we designed BODIPY scaffold fluorescence probes (BD-IMC-1, BD-IMC-2) that activate via disaggregation targeting for cyclooxygenase (COX), a potential marker for CSCs in sarcoma in clinical pathology. Based on their structures, BD-IMC-1 showcased higher susceptibility to disaggregation compared to BD-IMC-2, consistent with their selective interaction with COX. Notably, the BD-IMC-1 revealed positive cooperativity binding to COX-2 at sub-micromolar ranges. Both probes showed significant fluorescence turn-on upon LPS or PMA triggered COX-2 upregulation in live RAW264.7, HeLa, and human sarcoma cell line (Saos-LM2) up to 2-fold increase with negligible toxicity. More importantly, the BD-IMC-1 demonstrated their practical imaging for COX-2 positive cells in paraffin-fixed human sarcoma tissue. Considering the fixed tissues are most practiced pathological sample, our finding suggests a potential of disaggregation activated chemosensor for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Tae Hong
- Bio-Med Program, KIST-School UST, Hwarang-ro 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, KIST, Hwarang-ro 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Seung Bin Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Dhiraj P Murale
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, KIST, Hwarang-ro 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jangsun Hwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Woo Young Jang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Jun-Seok Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Korea University, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
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He P, Ai T, Qiao M, Yang ZH, Han J. Phosphorylation of caspase-8 by RSKs via organ-constrained effects controls the sensitivity to TNF-induced death. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:255. [PMID: 38789425 PMCID: PMC11126741 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Caspase-8 (Casp8) serves as an initiator of apoptosis or a suppressor of necroptosis in context-dependent manner. Members of the p90 RSK family can phosphorylate caspase-8 at threonine-265 (T265), which can inactivate caspase-8 for bypassing caspase-8-mediated blockade of necroptosis and can also decrease caspase-8 level by promoting its degradation. Mutating T265 in caspase-8 to alanine (A) in mice blocked TNF-induced necroptotic cecum damage but resulted in unexpectedly massive injury in the small intestine. Here, we show RSK1, RSK2, and RSK3 redundantly function in caspase-8 phosphorylation, and the duodenum is the most severely affected part of the small intestine when T265 phosphorylation of caspase-8 was prevented. Eliminating caspase-8 phosphorylation resulted in a duodenum-specific increase in basal caspase-8 protein level, which shall be responsible for the increased sensitivity to TNF-induced damage. Apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) was predominant in the duodenum of TNF-treated Rsk1-/-Rsk2-/-Rsk3-/- and Casp8T265A/T265A mice, though necroptosis was also observed. The heightened duodenal injury amplified systemic inflammatory responses, as evidenced by the contribution of hematopoietic cells to the sensitization of TNF-induced animal death. Further analysis revealed that hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells contributed differentially to cytokine production in response to the increased cell death. Collectively, RSKs emerges as a previously overlooked regulator that, via tissue/organ-constrained inactivating caspase-8 and/or downregulating caspase-8 protein level, controls the sensitivity to TNF-induced organ injury and animal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- Research Unit of Cellular Stress of CAMS, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Tingting Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Muzhen Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhang-Hua Yang
- Research Unit of Cellular Stress of CAMS, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
| | - Jiahuai Han
- Research Unit of Cellular Stress of CAMS, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- Laboratory Animal Center, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Ghosh SK, Shukla D, Mahor H, Srivastava SK, Bodhale N, Banerjee R, Saha B. Leishmania surface molecule lipophosphoglycan-TLR2 interaction moderates TPL2-mediated TLR2 signalling for parasite survival. Immunology 2024; 171:117-130. [PMID: 37849037 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania donovani, a protozoan parasite, resides and replicates in macrophages and inflicts the potentially fatal disease visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The parasite-expressed surface lipophosphoglycan (LPG) was implicated in binding TLR2 on NK cells, but the modus operandi of its disease-promoting influence remained unknown. As TPL2, a member of the MAPK module in mammalian macrophages, was implicated in the anti-inflammatory immune response and promoting pathogen survival, we investigated the possibility of TPL2-directed LPG-TLR2 signalling in Leishmania infection. We observed that TLR2 or TPL2 blockade differentially influenced the TLR2 ligand proteoglycan (PGN)-induced p38MAPK and ERK-1/2 activation. TLR2 blockade abrogated the PGN-induced TPL2 activation. L. donovani infection impaired the Akt activation whereas, upon TPL2 inhibition, the infection fails to control Akt phosphorylation. In L. donovani-infected macrophages, TLR2 blocking negatively affected p38, Akt and TPL2 phosphorylation while ERK1/2 phosphorylation increased relative to the infection alone. TPL2 blockade reduced TGF-β, but increased TNF-α expression and diminished amastigote count in macrophages. While exploring stimulation patterns of TLR2 ligands, LPG, unlike PGN, selectively increased TLR2 expression in macrophages. LPG blockade increased p38MAPK and AKT, but slightly affected ERK-1/2 and significantly reduced TPL2 phosphorylation from L. donovani-infected macrophages. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics analysis drew a parallel between LPG's glycan chain lengths with the frequency of interaction with TLR2 which might impact TLR2 signalling. Therefore, the parasite regulates the TLR2 signalling via TPL2 when elicited by LPG-TLR2 interaction for pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Kanti Ghosh
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India
- Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Hima Mahor
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India
| | | | | | - Raja Banerjee
- Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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Singh S, Sharma K, Sharma H. Green Extracts with Metal-based Nanoparticles for Treating Inflammatory Diseases: A Review. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:544-570. [PMID: 37278036 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230602164325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Globally, high death rates and poor quality of life are caused mainly by inflammatory diseases. Corticosteroids, which may have systemic side effects and would enhance the risk of infection, are the common forms of therapy. The field of nanomedicine has created composite nanoparticles that carry a pharmacological carrier and target ligands for distribution to sites of inflammation with less systemic toxicity. However, their relatively large size often causes systemic clearance. An interesting approach is metal-based nanoparticles that naturally reduce inflammation. They are made not only to be small enough to pass through biological barriers but also to allow label-free monitoring of their interactions with cells. The following literature review discusses the mechanistic analysis of the anti-inflammatory properties of several metal-based nanoparticles, including gold, silver, titanium dioxide, selenium, and zinc oxide. Current research focuses on the mechanisms by which nanoparticles infiltrate cells and the anti-inflammatory techniques using herbal extracts-based nanoparticles. Additionally, it provides a brief overview of the literature on many environmentally friendly sources employed in nanoparticle production and the mechanisms of action of various nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh-281406, India
| | - Khushi Sharma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh-281406, India
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Department of Computer Engineering & Applications GLA University, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road Mathura, Chaumuhan, Uttar Pradesh-281406, India
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Oliveira BTM, Dourado TMH, Santos PWS, Bitencourt TA, Tirapelli CR, Colombo AL, Almeida F. Extracellular Vesicles from Candida haemulonii var. vulnera Modulate Macrophage Oxidative Burst. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9050562. [PMID: 37233272 DOI: 10.3390/jof9050562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the Candida haemulonii species complex are multidrug-resistant emergent yeast pathogens able to cause superficial and invasive infections in risk populations. Fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in the pathogenicity and virulence of several species and may perform essential functions during infections, such as carrying virulence factors that behave in two-way communications with the host, affecting survival and fungal resistance. Our study aimed to describe EV production from Candida haemulonii var. vulnera and evaluate whether murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells respond to their stimuli by generating an oxidative response after 24 h. For this purpose, reactive oxygen species detection assays demonstrated that high concentrations of yeast and EVs (1010 particles/mL) of Candida haemulonii did not change macrophage viability. However, the macrophages recognized these EVs and triggered an oxidative response through the classical NOX-2 pathway, increasing O2•- and H2O2 levels. However, this stress did not cause lipid peroxidation in the RAW 264.7 cells and neither lead to the activation of the COX-2-PGE2 pathway. Thus, our data suggest that low concentrations of C. haemulonii EVs are not recognized by the classical pathway of the oxidative burst generated by macrophages, which might be an advantage allowing the transport of virulence factors via EVs, not identified by the host immune system that could work as fine tube regulators during infections caused by C. haemulonii. In contrast, C. haemulonii var. vulnera and high EV concentrations activated microbicidal actions in macrophages. Therefore, we propose that EVs could participate in the virulence of the species and that these particles could be a source of antigens to be exploited as new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca T M Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Thales M H Dourado
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrick W S Santos
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamires A Bitencourt
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Tirapelli
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, College of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo L Colombo
- Special Laboratory of Mycology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | - Fausto Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
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The Regulatory Roles of Ezh2 in Response to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Macrophages and Mice with Conditional Ezh2 Deletion with LysM-Cre System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065363. [PMID: 36982437 PMCID: PMC10049283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The responses of macrophages to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) might determine the direction of clinical manifestations of sepsis, which is the immune response against severe infection. Meanwhile, the enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (Ezh2), a histone lysine methyltransferase of epigenetic regulation, might interfere with LPS response. Transcriptomic analysis on LPS-activated wild-type macrophages demonstrated an alteration of several epigenetic enzymes. Although the Ezh2-silencing macrophages (RAW264.7), using small interfering RNA (siRNA), indicated a non-different response to the control cells after a single LPS stimulation, the Ezh2-reducing cells demonstrated a less severe LPS tolerance, after two LPS stimulations, as determined by the higher supernatant TNF-α. With a single LPS stimulation, Ezh2 null (Ezh2flox/flox; LysM-Crecre/−) macrophages demonstrated lower supernatant TNF-α than Ezh2 control (Ezh2fl/fl; LysM-Cre−/−), perhaps due to an upregulation of Socs3, which is a suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, due to the loss of the Ezh2 gene. In LPS tolerance, Ezh2 null macrophages indicated higher supernatant TNF-α and IL-6 than the control, supporting an impact of the loss of the Ezh2 inhibitory gene. In parallel, Ezh2 null mice demonstrated lower serum TNF-α and IL-6 than the control mice after an LPS injection, indicating a less severe LPS-induced hyper-inflammation in Ezh2 null mice. On the other hand, there were similar serum cytokines after LPS tolerance and the non-reduction of serum cytokines after the second dose of LPS, indicating less severe LPS tolerance in Ezh2 null mice compared with control mice. In conclusion, an absence of Ezh2 in macrophages resulted in less severe LPS-induced inflammation, as indicated by low serum cytokines, with less severe LPS tolerance, as demonstrated by higher cytokine production, partly through the upregulated Socs3.
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Dorneles GP, Teixeira PC, Peres A, Rodrigues Júnior LC, da Fonseca SG, Monteiro MC, Eller S, Oliveira TF, Wendland EM, Romão PRT. Endotoxin tolerance and low activation of TLR-4/NF-κB axis in monocytes of COVID-19 patients. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:183-195. [PMID: 36790534 PMCID: PMC9930695 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02283-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Higher endotoxin in the circulation may indicate a compromised state of host immune response against coinfections in severe COVID-19 patients. We evaluated the inflammatory response of monocytes from COVID-19 patients after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Whole blood samples of healthy controls, patients with mild COVID-19, and patients with severe COVID-19 were incubated with LPS for 2 h. Severe COVID-19 patients presented higher LPS and sCD14 levels in the plasma than healthy controls and mild COVID-19 patients. In non-stimulated in vitro condition, severe COVID-19 patients presented higher inflammatory cytokines and PGE-2 levels and CD14 + HLA-DRlow monocytes frequency than controls. Moreover, severe COVID-19 patients presented higher NF-κB p65 phosphorylation in CD14 + HLA-DRlow, as well as higher expression of TLR-4 and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation in CD14 + HLA-DRhigh compared to controls. The stimulation of LPS in whole blood of severe COVID-19 patients leads to lower cytokine production but higher PGE-2 levels compared to controls. Endotoxin challenge with both concentrations reduced the frequency of CD14 + HLA-DRlow in severe COVID-19 patients, but the increases in TLR-4 expression and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation were more pronounced in both CD14 + monocytes of healthy controls and mild COVID-19 patients compared to severe COVID-19 group. We conclude that acute SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with diminished endotoxin response in monocytes. KEY MESSAGES: Severe COVID-19 patients had higher levels of LPS and systemic IL-6 and TNF-α. Severe COVID-19 patients presented higher CD14+HLA-DRlow monocytes. Increased TLR-4/NF-κB axis was identified in monocytes of severe COVID-19. Blunted production of cytokines after whole blood LPS stimulation in severe COVID-19. Lower TLR-4/NF-κB activation in monocytes after LPS stimulation in severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilson P Dorneles
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, Porto Alegre, RS, 245, 90050-170, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paula C Teixeira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, Porto Alegre, RS, 245, 90050-170, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Peres
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, Porto Alegre, RS, 245, 90050-170, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Rodrigues Júnior
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, Porto Alegre, RS, 245, 90050-170, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Marta Chagas Monteiro
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Institute, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Sarah Eller
- Pharmacosciences Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tiago F Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eliana M Wendland
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro R T Romão
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, Porto Alegre, RS, 245, 90050-170, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Hernández-Ramírez VI, Estrada-Figueroa LA, Medina Y, Lizarazo-Taborda MR, Toledo-Leyva A, Osorio-Trujillo C, Morales-Mora D, Talamás-Rohana P. A monoclonal antibody against a Leishmania mexicana COX-like enzymatic activity also recognizes similar proteins in different protozoa of clinical importance. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:479-492. [PMID: 36562799 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07746-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In Leishmania mexicana, the protease gp63 has been documented as the protein responsible for cyclooxygenase (COX) activity. The present work aimed to obtain a monoclonal antibody capable of recognizing this protein without blocking the COX-like enzymatic activity. The antibody produced by the selected hybridoma was named D12 mAb. The antigen recognized by the D12 mAb was characterized by the determination of COX activity associated with immune complexes in the presence of exogenous arachidonic acid (AA) using the commercial Activity Assay Abcam kit. LSM-SMS analysis validated the identity of the antigen associated with the D12 mAb as the L. mexicana protease gp63. Confocal microscopy assays with the D12 mAb detected, by cross-recognition, similar proteins in other protozoan parasites. COX-like molecules are located in vesicular structures, homogeneously distributed throughout the cytoplasm in amastigotes (intracellular infectious phase) and promastigotes of L. mexicana, and trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica, Acanthamoeba castellanii, and Naegleria fowleri. However, in Giardia duodenalis trophozoites, the distribution of the COX-like molecule was also in perinuclear areas. In comparison, in Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes, the distribution was mainly observed in the plasma membrane. Structural analyses of COX-2-like antigens revealed continuous and discontinuous epitopes for B cells, which could be relevant in the cross-reaction of D12 mAb with the analyzed parasites. These results indicate that the D12 mAb against the L. mexicana gp63 also recognizes a COX-like molecule in several protozoan parasites, suggesting that this D12 mAb could potentially be used in combined therapies against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica I Hernández-Ramírez
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de México, CP, 07360, México
| | - Luis A Estrada-Figueroa
- Instituto Mexicano de la Propiedad Industrial, Arenal Número 550, Primer piso, Pueblo Santa María, Ciudad de México, CP16020, México
| | - Yolanda Medina
- Laboratorio de Anticuerpos Monoclonales Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico e Investigación Molecular INDRE, Francisco de P. Miranda 177, Lomas de Plateros, Álvaro Obregón, Ciudad México, CP 01480, México
| | - Mélida R Lizarazo-Taborda
- Programa de Maestría en Microbiología Médica, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Alfredo Toledo-Leyva
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología., Av. San Fernando 22, Belisario Domínguez Secc 16, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, CP 14080, México
| | - Carlos Osorio-Trujillo
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de México, CP, 07360, México
| | - Daniel Morales-Mora
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de México, CP, 07360, México
| | - Patricia Talamás-Rohana
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de México, CP, 07360, México.
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10
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Almatroudi A, Alsahli MA, Syed MA, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Regulation of Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Polarization via Lipid Nanoparticles Mediated Delivery of Anti-Prostaglandin-E2 siRNA. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 45:1-11. [PMID: 36661487 PMCID: PMC9856913 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization is crucial in acute inflammatory diseases like Acute lung injury (ALI), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is believed to promote inflammation in such cases. Therefore, our study aimed to deliver anti-prostaglandin E synthase 2 small interfering RNA antibodies (anti-PGE2-siRNA) through lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) in RAW264.7 (The murine macrophage cell line) to find a possible cure to the acute inflammatory diseases. LNPs were synthesized by using thin layer evaporation method and were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), Zeta potential, SEM and TEM analysis. The obtained NPs were spherical with an average size of 73 nm and zeta potential +29mV. MTT assay revealed that these NPs were non-toxic in nature. Gel retardation assay displayed 5:2 ratio of siRNA and NPs as the best siRNA:LNPs ratio for the delivery of siRNA into cells. After siRNA delivery by using LNPs, real time gene expression analysis revealed significant decrease in the expression of PGE2. Western blot results confirmed that silencing of PGE2 gene influence inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interlukin-1β (1L-1β), markers involved in pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization. Our study revealed that LNPs synthesized in present study can be one of the effective methods to deliver anti-PGE2-siRNA to control pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization for the treatment of acute inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
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Jeong SY, Choi WS, Kwon OS, Lee JS, Son SY, Lee CH, Lee S, Song JY, Lee YJ, Lee JY. Extract of Pinus densiflora needles suppresses acute inflammation by regulating inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 macrophages and mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:1148-1159. [PMID: 35695008 PMCID: PMC9196672 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2079679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. (Pinaceae) needle extracts ameliorate oxidative stress, but research into their anti-inflammatory effects is limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of a Pinus densiflora needles (PINE) ethanol extract in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells at various PINE concentrations (25, 50 and 100 μg/mL; but 6.25, 12.5 and 25 μg/mL for interleukin-1β and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)). Thirty ICR mice were randomized to six groups: vehicle, control, PINE pre-treatment (0.1, 0.3 and 1 mg/left ear for 10 min followed by arachidonic acid treatment for 30 min) and dexamethasone. The posttreatment ear thickness and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were measured. RESULTS PINE 100 μg/mL significantly decreased ROS (IC50, 70.93 μg/mL, p < 0.01), SOD (IC50, 30.99 μg/mL, p < 0.05), malondialdehyde (p < 0.01), nitric oxide (NO) (IC50, 27.44 μg/mL, p < 0.01) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (p < 0.05) levels. Interleukin-1β (p < 0.05) and PGE2 (p < 0.01) release decreased significantly with 25 μg/mL PINE. PINE 1 mg/ear inhibited LPS-stimulated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible NO synthase in RAW264.7 macrophages and significantly inhibited ear oedema (36.73-15.04% compared to the control, p < 0.01) and MPO activity (167.94-105.59%, p < 0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS PINE exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators. Identified flavonoids such as taxifolin and quercetin glucoside can be attributed to effect of PINE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul-Yong Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Seong Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Young Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Wawrzyniak N, Gramza-Michałowska A, Kołodziejski P, Suliburska J. Effect of calcium lactate in standard diet on selected markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in ovariectomized rats. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The effectiveness of calcium depends on its source, i.e., salt it is supplied with. This study aimed to determine the effects of calcium lactate in diet on inflammation and oxidative stress markers in ovariectomized rats. A total of 40 female Wistar rats were included in this study, which were divided into four groups. The control group was fed a standard diet, whereas the remaining three groups were ovariectomized and provided a standard diet containing calcium carbonate (OVX), a calcium-deficient diet (OVX_DEF), or a diet containing calcium lactate (OVX_CaL). The nutritional intervention lasted for 12 weeks, and then, the rats were sacrificed. Tissue and blood samples were taken and evaluated for cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase 2, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance contents in the liver and serum, and total antioxidant status and lipoxygenase 1 contents only in the serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Differences were observed in the effects of calcium carbonate and calcium lactate on the COX-1 content in the serum of ovariectomized rats: a lower COX-1 concentration was observed in the case of the calcium lactate diet. No significant differences were observed for the other parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wawrzyniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31 , 60-624 Poznań , Poland
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31 , 60-624 Poznań , Poland
| | - Paweł Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28 , 60-637 Poznań , Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31 , 60-624 Poznań , Poland
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13
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Latha K, Rao S, Sakamoto K, Watford WT. Tumor Progression Locus 2 Protects against Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Influenza A Virus-Infected Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0113622. [PMID: 35980186 PMCID: PMC9604045 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01136-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive inflammation in patients with severe influenza disease may lead to acute lung injury that results in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS is associated with alveolar damage and pulmonary edema that severely impair gas exchange, leading to hypoxia. With no existing FDA-approved treatment for ARDS, it is important to understand the factors that lead to virus-induced ARDS development to improve prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. We have previously shown that mice deficient in the serine-threonine mitogen-activated protein kinase, Tpl2 (MAP3K8 or COT), succumb to infection with a typically low-pathogenicity strain of influenza A virus (IAV; HKX31, H3N2 [x31]). The goal of the current study was to evaluate influenza A virus-infected Tpl2-/- mice clinically and histopathologically to gain insight into the disease mechanism. We hypothesized that Tpl2-/- mice succumb to IAV infection due to development of ARDS-like disease and pulmonary dysfunction. We observed prominent signs of alveolar septal necrosis, hyaline membranes, pleuritis, edema, and higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in the lungs of IAV-infected Tpl2-/- mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice from 7 to 9 days postinfection (dpi). Notably, WT mice showed signs of regenerating epithelium, indicative of repair and recovery, that were reduced in Tpl2-/- mice. Furthermore, biomarkers associated with human ARDS cases were upregulated in Tpl2-/- mice at 7 dpi, demonstrating an ARDS-like phenotype in Tpl2-/- mice in response to IAV infection. IMPORTANCE This study demonstrates the protective role of the serine-threonine mitogen-activated protein kinase, Tpl2, in influenza virus pathogenesis and reveals that host Tpl2 deficiency is sufficient to convert a low-pathogenicity influenza A virus infection into severe influenza disease that resembles ARDS, both histopathologically and transcriptionally. The IAV-infected Tpl2-/- mouse thereby represents a novel murine model for studying ARDS-like disease that could improve our understanding of this aggressive disease and assist in the design of better diagnostics and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Latha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Sanjana Rao
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Kaori Sakamoto
- Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Wendy T. Watford
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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Moslemizadeh A, Nematollahi MH, Amiresmaili S, Faramarz S, Jafari E, Khaksari M, Rezaei N, Bashiri H, Kheirandish R. Combination therapy with interferon-gamma as a potential therapeutic medicine in rat's glioblastoma: A multi-mechanism evaluation. Life Sci 2022; 305:120744. [PMID: 35798069 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the effects of single or combined administration of temozolomide (TMZ) and interferon-gamma (IFN-ᵞ) on anxiety-like behaviors, balance disorders, learning and memory, TNF-α, IL-10, some oxidant and antioxidants factors with investigating the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) and p-CREB signaling pathway in C6-induced glioblastoma of rats. METHODS 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats bearing intra-caudate nucleus (CN) culture medium or C6 inoculation were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Sham, Tumor, TMZ, IFN-ᵞ and a TMZ + IFN-ᵞ combination. The open-field test (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), rotarod, and passive avoidance test (PAT) were done on days 14-17. On day 17 after tumor implantation, brain tissues were extracted for histopathological evaluation. TNF-α, IL-10, SOD, GPX, TAC, MDA, the protein level of TLR4 and p-CREB was measured. RESULTS Combination therapy inhibited the growth of the tumor. Treatment groups alleviated tumor-induced anxiety-like behaviors and improved imbalance and memory impairment. SOD, GPX, and TAC decreased in the tumor group. The combination group augmented GPX and TAC. MDA decreased in treatment groups. TMZ, IFN-ᵞ reduced tumor-increased TNF-α and IL-10 level. The combination group declined TNF-α level in serum and IL-10 level in serum and brain. Glioblastoma induced significant upregulation of TLR4 and p-CREB in the brain which inhibited by IFN-ᵞ and TMZ+ IFN-ᵞ. CONCLUSION The beneficial effects of TMZ, IFN-ᵞ, and TMZ+ IFN-ᵞ on neurocognitive functioning of rats with C6-induced glioblastoma may be mediated via modulating oxidative stress, reduced cytokines, and the downregulation of expression of TLR4 and p-CREB. Combination treatment appears to be more effective than single treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Sanaz Faramarz
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Bashiri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Reza Kheirandish
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
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Fleitas MMD, Kim SS, Kim NK, Seo SR. Cynanoside F Controls Skin Inflammation by Suppressing Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091740. [PMID: 36139814 PMCID: PMC9495541 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease accompanied by severe itching and dry skin. Currently, the incidence of AD due to excessive activation of immune cells by various environmental factors is increasing worldwide, and research on inflammatory response inhibitors with fewer side effects is continuously needed. Cynanoside F (CF) is one of the pregnane-type compounds in the root of Cynanchum atratum, an oriental medicinal herb that has been shown to have antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. Although CF has been isolated as a component in Cynanchum atratum, the scientific role of CF has not yet been explored. In this study, we evaluated the effect of CF on AD and revealed the mechanism using in vitro and in vivo experimental models. CF significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced protein expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which are important proinflammatory mediators in the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. CF did not inhibit the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling activated by LPS but significantly reduced the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as p38 MAPK, JNK, and ERK. CF consistently inhibited the activity of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor, a downstream molecule of MAPK signaling. In addition, in an experiment using an oxazolone-induced AD mouse model, the CF-treated group showed a marked decrease in epidermal thickness, the number of infiltrated mast cells, and the amount of histamine. The mRNA levels of IL-1β, interleukin-4 (IL-4), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) were consistently lowered in the group treated with CF. Moreover, the phosphorylation of c-Jun and c-Fos protein levels, which are the AP-1 components, were lowered in the skin tissues of CF-treated mice. These results provide the first evidence that CF has an inhibitory effect on AD and suggest the possibility of CF being developed as a potential therapeutic agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Melissa Duarte Fleitas
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Seon Sook Kim
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | | | - Su Ryeon Seo
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-250-8541; Fax: +82-33-241-4627
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16
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Pathogenesis, Murine Models, and Clinical Implications of Metabolically Healthy Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179614. [PMID: 36077011 PMCID: PMC9455655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although obesity is commonly associated with numerous cardiometabolic pathologies, some people with obesity are resistant to detrimental effects of excess body fat, which constitutes a condition called “metabolically healthy obesity” (MHO). Metabolic features of MHO that distinguish it from metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) include differences in the fat distribution, adipokine types, and levels of chronic inflammation. Murine models are available that mimic the phenotype of human MHO, with increased adiposity but preserved insulin sensitivity. Clinically, there is no established definition of MHO yet. Despite the lack of a uniform definition, most studies describe MHO as a particular case of obesity with no or only one metabolic syndrome components and lower levels of insulin resistance or inflammatory markers. Another clinical viewpoint is the dynamic and changing nature of MHO, which substantially impacts the clinical outcome. In this review, we explore the pathophysiology and some murine models of MHO. The definition, variability, and clinical implications of the MHO phenotype are also discussed. Understanding the characteristics that differentiate people with MHO from those with MUO can lead to new insights into the mechanisms behind obesity-related metabolic derangements and diseases.
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17
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MAP kinases are involved in RNA polymerase III regulation upon LPS treatment in macrophages. Gene 2022; 831:146548. [PMID: 35569767 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are transcriptionally highly dynamic cell type, rapidly adapting to a changing environment to execute innate immune functions. Activation of macrophages with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a major component of the outer membrane of most Gram-negative bacteria, induces rapid transcriptional changes and within a few hours transcription of several hundred genes is altered. Within these genes are tRNAs, which are synthesised by RNA Polymerase (Pol) III, and whose expression is rapidly upregulated in response to LPS. However, the mechanisms that govern Pol III activation are not fully elucidated. LPS engage the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and induce various signalling pathways, including mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). MAPKs are serine/threonine kinases that catalyse the phosphorylation of transcription factors, protein kinases, and many other substrates including functional proteins, play a central role in mediating cellular responses to extracellular signals, including inflammatory cues. Here we show that ERK and p38 MAP kinases contribute to the activation of Pol III in macrophages stimulated with LPS. We also demonstrate that MAP kinases effector MSK1/2 kinases are involved in tRNA upregulation. Our data show that ERK, p38, and MSK kinases are required for upregulation of Pol III activity in macrophages stimulated by LPS. The possible modes of their action are discussed.
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18
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Meng X, Zhang W, Lyu Z, Long T, Wang Y. ZnO nanoparticles attenuate polymer-wear-particle induced inflammatory osteolysis by regulating the MEK-ERK-COX-2 axis. J Orthop Translat 2022; 34:1-10. [PMID: 35531425 PMCID: PMC9046564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives Advanced thermoplastic materials, such as polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE), have been increasingly used as orthopaedic implant materials. Similar to other implants, PEEK-on-HXLPE prostheses produce debris from polymer wear that may activate the immune response, which can cause osteolysis, and ultimately implant failure. In this study, we examined whether the anti-inflammatory properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) could attenuate polymer wear particle-induced inflammation. Methods RAW264.7 cells were cultured with PEEK or PE particles and gradient concentrations of ZnO NPs. Intracellular mRNA expression and protein levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were detected. An air pouch mouse model was constructed to examine the inflammatory response and expression of pro-inflammatory factors in vivo. Furthermore, an osteolysis rat model was used to evaluate the activation of osteoclasts and destruction of bone tissue induced by polymer particles with or without ZnO NPs. Protein expression of the MEK-ERK-COX-2 pathway was also examined by western blotting to elucidate the mechanism underlying particle-induced anti-inflammatory effects. Results ZnO NPs (≤50 nm, 5 μg/mL) showed no obvious cytotoxicity and attenuated PEEK or PE particle-induced inflammation and inflammatory osteolysis by reducing MEK and ERK phosphorylation and decreasing COX-2 expression. Conclusion ZnO NPs (≤50 nm, 5 μg/mL) attenuated polymer wear particle-induced inflammation via regulation of the MEK-ERK-COX-2 axis. Further, ZnO NPs reduced bone tissue damage caused by particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis. The translational potential of this article Polymer wear particles can induce inflammation and osteolysis in the body after arthroplasty. ZnO NPs attenuated polymer particle-induced inflammation and inflammatory osteolysis. Topical use of ZnO NPs and blended ZnO NP/polymer composites may provide promising approaches for inhibiting polymer wear particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis, thus expanding the range of polymers used in joint prostheses.
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19
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Xia Y, Wu Q, Mak S, Liu EYL, Zheng BZY, Dong TTX, Pi R, Tsim KWK. Regulation of acetylcholinesterase during the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in microglial cells. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22189. [PMID: 35129858 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101302rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The non-classical function of acetylcholine (ACh) has been reported in neuroinflammation that represents the modulating factor in immune responses via activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR), i.e., a cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP). Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme for ACh hydrolysis, has been proposed to have a non-classical function in immune cells. However, the involvement of AChE in neuroinflammation is unclear. Here, cultured BV2 cell, a microglial cell line, and primary microglia from rats were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammation and to explore the regulation of AChE during this process. The expression profiles of AChE, α7 nAChR, and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) were revealed in BV2 cells. The expression of AChE (G4 form) was induced significantly in LPS-treated BV2 cells: the induction was triggered by NF-κB and cAMP signaling. Moreover, ACh or α7 nAChR agonist suppressed the LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as the phagocytosis of microglia, by activating α7 nAChR and followed by the regulation of NF-κB and CREB signaling. The ACh-induced suppression of inflammation was abolished in AChE overexpressed cells, but did not show a significant change in AChE mutant (enzymatic activity knockout) transfected cells. These results indicate that the neuroinflammation-regulated function of AChE may be mediated by controlling the ACh level in the brain system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiyun Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shinghung Mak
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Etta Y L Liu
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brody Z Y Zheng
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T X Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rongbiao Pi
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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Aaron N, Costa S, Rosen CJ, Qiang L. The Implications of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue on Inflammaging. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:853765. [PMID: 35360075 PMCID: PMC8962663 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.853765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Once considered an inert filler of the bone cavity, bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is now regarded as a metabolically active organ that plays versatile roles in endocrine function, hematopoiesis, bone homeostasis and metabolism, and, potentially, energy conservation. While the regulation of BMAT is inadequately understood, it is recognized as a unique and dynamic fat depot that is distinct from peripheral fat. As we age, bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) accumulate throughout the bone marrow (BM) milieu to influence the microenvironment. This process is conceivably signaled by the secretion of adipocyte-derived factors including pro-inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Adipokines participate in the development of a chronic state of low-grade systemic inflammation (inflammaging), which trigger changes in the immune system that are characterized by declining fidelity and efficiency and cause an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory networks. In this review, we discuss the local effects of BMAT on bone homeostasis and the hematopoietic niche, age-related inflammatory changes associated with BMAT accrual, and the downstream effect on endocrine function, energy expenditure, and metabolism. Furthermore, we address therapeutic strategies to prevent BMAT accumulation and associated dysfunction during aging. In sum, BMAT is emerging as a critical player in aging and its explicit characterization still requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Aaron
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Samantha Costa
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
- *Correspondence: Clifford J. Rosen, ; Li Qiang,
| | - Li Qiang
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Clifford J. Rosen, ; Li Qiang,
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21
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Wang M, Chaudhuri R, Ong WWS, Sintim HO. c-di-GMP Induces COX-2 Expression in Macrophages in a STING-Independent Manner. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1663-1670. [PMID: 34478263 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Many pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid, are potent immunostimulatory molecules and promote the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). While the production of COX-2, and ultimately prostaglandin E2, could be protective, persistent induction of COX-2 leads to inflamed environments that can result in septic shock and death. Bacterial derived cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP, are also PAMPs and have been shown to produce inflamed environments via the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as type I interferons. The well-characterized CDN immunostimulatory mechanism involves binding to stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which ultimately results in the phosphorylation of IRF3 or release of NF-κB to promote expression of type I IFN or pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we sought to investigate if CDNs promote COX-2 expression. Using RAW macrophages as a model system, we reveal that c-di-GMP, but not c-di-AMP or the host-derived 2',3'-cGAMP, promotes COX-2 expression. Using analogues of CDNs, we show that the presence of two guanines and two 3',5'-phosphodiester linkages are requirements for the promotion of COX-2 expression by cyclic dinucleotides. Both c-di-GMP and LPS inductions of COX-2 expression in RAW macrophages are STING-independent and are regulated by Tpl2-MEK-ERK-CREB signaling; inhibitors of Tpl2, MEK, and ERK could attenuate COX-2 expression promoted by c-di-GMP. This work adds to the growing body of evidence that cyclic dinucleotides regulate pathways other than the STING-TBK1-IRF3 axis. Additionally, the differential COX-2 induction by c-di-GMP but not c-di-AMP or cGAMP suggests that the type and level of inflammation could be dictated by the nucleotide signature of the invading pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Modi Wang
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Riddhi Chaudhuri
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Wilson W. S. Ong
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Herman O. Sintim
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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22
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Sheppe AEF, Santelices J, Czyz DM, Edelmann MJ. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis YopJ Limits Macrophage Response by Downregulating COX-2-Mediated Biosynthesis of PGE2 in a MAPK/ERK-Dependent Manner. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0049621. [PMID: 34319170 PMCID: PMC8552654 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00496-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an essential immunomodulatory lipid released by cells in response to infection with many bacteria, yet its function in macrophage-mediated bacterial clearance is poorly understood. Yersinia overall inhibits the inflammatory circuit, but its effect on PGE2 production is unknown. We hypothesized that one of the Yersinia effector proteins is responsible for the inhibition of PGE2 biosynthesis. We identified that yopB-deficient Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis deficient in the secretion of virulence proteins via a type 3 secretion system (T3SS) failed to inhibit PGE2 biosynthesis in macrophages. Consistently, COX-2-mediated PGE2 biosynthesis is upregulated in cells treated with heat-killed or T3SS-deficient Y. pseudotuberculosis but diminished in the presence of a MAPK/ERK inhibitor. Mutants expressing catalytically inactive YopJ induce similar levels of PGE2 as heat-killed or ΔyopB Y. pseudotuberculosis, reversed by YopJ complementation. Shotgun proteomics discovered host pathways regulated in a YopJ-mediated manner, including pathways regulating PGE2 synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation. Consequently, this study identified that YopJ-mediated inhibition of MAPK signal transduction serves as a mechanism targeting PGE2, an alternative means of inflammasome inhibition by Yersinia. Finally, we showed that EP4 signaling supports macrophage function in clearing intracellular bacteria. In summary, our unique contribution was to determine a bacterial virulence factor that targets COX-2 transcription, thereby enhancing the intracellular survival of yersiniae. Future studies should investigate whether PGE2 or its stable synthetic derivatives could serve as a potential therapeutic molecule to improve the outcomes of specific bacterial infections. Since other pathogens encode YopJ homologs, this mechanism is expected to be present in other infections. IMPORTANCE PGE2 is a critical immunomodulatory lipid, but its role in bacterial infection and pathogen clearance is poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that PGE2 leads to macrophage polarization toward the M1 phenotype and stimulates inflammasome activation in infected macrophages. Finally, we also discovered that PGE2 improved the clearance of Y. enterocolitica. The fact that Y. enterocolitica hampers PGE2 secretion in a type 3 secretion system (T3SS)-dependent manner and because PGE2 appears to assist macrophage in the clearance of this bacterium indicates that targeting of the eicosanoid pathway by Yersinia might be an adaption used to counteract host defenses. Our study identified a mechanism used by Yersinia that obstructs PGE2 biosynthesis in human macrophages. We showed that Y. pseudotuberculosis interferes with PGE2 biosynthesis by using one of its T3SS effectors, YopJ. Specifically, YopJ targets the host COX-2 enzyme responsible for PGE2 biosynthesis, which happens in a MAPK/ER-dependent manner. Moreover, in a shotgun proteomics study, we also discovered other pathways that catalytically active YopJ targets in the infected macrophages. YopJ was revealed to play a role in limiting host LPS responses, including repression of EGR1 and JUN proteins, which control transcriptional activation of proinflammatory cytokine production such as interleukin-1β. Since YopJ has homologs in other bacterial species, there are likely other pathogens that target and inhibit PGE2 biosynthesis. In summary, our study's unique contribution was to determine a bacterial virulence factor that targets COX-2 transcription. Future studies should investigate whether PGE2 or its stable synthetic derivatives could serve as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin E. F. Sheppe
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - John Santelices
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel M. Czyz
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mariola J. Edelmann
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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23
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Prabhakaran J, Molotkov A, Mintz A, Mann JJ. Progress in PET Imaging of Neuroinflammation Targeting COX-2 Enzyme. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113208. [PMID: 34071951 PMCID: PMC8198977 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) upregulation are associated with the pathogenesis of degenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), epilepsy, and a response to traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke. COX-2 is also induced in acute pain, depression, schizophrenia, various cancers, arthritis and in acute allograft rejection. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging allows for the direct measurement of in vivo COX-2 upregulation and thereby enables disease staging, therapy evaluation and aid quantifying target occupancy of novel nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs. Thus far, no clinically useful radioligand is established for monitoring COX-2 induction in brain diseases due to the delay in identifying qualified COX-2-selective inhibitors entering the brain. This review examines radiolabeled COX-2 inhibitors reported in the past decade and identifies the most promising radioligands for development as clinically useful PET radioligands. Among the radioligands reported so far, the three tracers that show potential for clinical translation are, [11CTMI], [11C]MC1 and [18F]MTP. These radioligands demonstrated BBB permeablity and in vivo binding to constitutive COX-2 in the brain or induced COX-2 during neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Prabhakaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrei Molotkov
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; (A.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; (A.M.); (A.M.)
- Area Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - J. John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA;
- Area Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
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24
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Nanou A, Bourbouli M, Vetrano S, Schaeper U, Ley S, Kollias G. Endothelial Tpl2 regulates vascular barrier function via JNK-mediated degradation of claudin-5 promoting neuroinflammation or tumor metastasis. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109168. [PMID: 34038728 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased vascular permeability and leakage are hallmarks of several pathologies and determine disease progression and severity by facilitating inflammatory/metastatic cell infiltration. Using tissue-specific genetic ablation in endothelial cells, we have investigated in vivo the role of Tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2), a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) member with pleiotropic effects in inflammation and cancer. In response to proinflammatory stimuli, endothelial Tpl2 deletion alters tight junction claudin-5 protein expression through inhibition of JNK signaling and lysosomal degradation activation, resulting in reduced vascular permeability and immune cell infiltration. This results in significantly attenuated disease scores in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and fewer tumor nodules in a hematogenic lung cancer metastasis model. Accordingly, pharmacologic inhibition of Tpl2 or small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated Tpl2 knockdown recapitulates our findings and reduces lung metastatic tumor invasions. These results establish an endothelial-specific role for Tpl2 and highlight the therapeutic potential of blocking the endothelial-specific Tpl2 pathway in chronic inflammatory and metastatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Nanou
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Science Research Center (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming," Vari, Attika, Greece
| | - Mara Bourbouli
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Science Research Center (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming," Vari, Attika, Greece
| | - Stefania Vetrano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy; IBD Center, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Steven Ley
- Immune Cell Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Imperial College, London, UK
| | - George Kollias
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Science Research Center (BSRC) "Alexander Fleming," Vari, Attika, Greece; Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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25
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Najjar RS, Akhavan NS, Pourafshar S, Arjmandi BH, Feresin RG. Cornus officinalis var. koreana Kitam polyphenol extract decreases pro-inflammatory markers in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages by reducing Akt phosphorylation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113734. [PMID: 33359857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cornus officinalis var. koreana Kitam (CO) is found predominantly in China but also in Korea and Japan and has been used in Eastern medicine for over 2000 years to treat several conditions including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and kidney disease. Chronic inflammation underlies the pathogenesis of these diseases. The mechanisms by which CO may exert its anti-inflammatory effects have not been well defined. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to determine whether Cornus officinalis var. koreana Kitam extract (COE) attenuate the inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW 264.7 macrophages, and to elucidate the mechanisms which contribute to these anti-inflammatory effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS COE was prepared using ethanolic extraction, followed by solvent evaporation and freeze-drying. RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μg/ml of COE. After 2 h, cells were treated with 100 ng/ml of LPS for 6 h. Cells were then collected for whole cell protein expression analysis of signaling and inflammatory molecules via western blot. RESULTS Pre-treatment with 100, 200 and 400 μg/ml of COE significantly reduced Akt phosphorylation in LPS stimulated macrophages compared to LPS alone (P ≤ 0.003). NF-κB expression was significantly attenuated with 400 μg/ml of COE compared to LPS treatment alone (P = 0.01). LPS induced cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, which was significantly decreased by treatment with 400 μg/ml COE (P = 0.0001 and 0.02, respectively). COE dose-dependently decreased LPS-induced expression of interleukin (IL)-1β (P ≤ 0.0008) and IL-6 (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION In summary, COE attenuated the inflammatory response induced by LPS in RAW 264.7 macrophages, likely due to Akt inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami S Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | - Neda S Akhavan
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32304, USA; Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Shirin Pourafshar
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Bahram H Arjmandi
- Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32304, USA; Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA
| | - Rafaela G Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA.
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26
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Chakraborty A, Pinar AA, Lam M, Bourke JE, Royce SG, Selomulya C, Samuel CS. Pulmonary myeloid cell uptake of biodegradable nanoparticles conjugated with an anti-fibrotic agent provides a novel strategy for treating chronic allergic airways disease. Biomaterials 2021; 273:120796. [PMID: 33894403 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Asthma (chronic allergic airways disease, AAD) is characterized by airway inflammation (AI), airway remodeling (AWR) and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Current treatments for AAD mainly focus on targeting AI and its contribution AHR, with the use of corticosteroids. However, there are no therapies for the direct treatment of AWR, which can contribute to airway obstruction, AHR and corticosteroid resistance independently of AI. The acute heart failure drug, serelaxin (recombinant human gene-2 relaxin, RLX), has potential anti-remodeling and anti-fibrotic effects but only when continuously infused or injected to overcome its short half-life. To alleviate this limitation, we conjugated serelaxin to biodegradable and noninflammatory nanoparticles (NP-RLX) and evaluated their therapeutic potential on measures of AI, AWR and AHR, when intranasally delivered to a preclinical rodent model of chronic AAD and TGF-β1-stimulated collagen gel contraction from asthma patient-derived myofibroblasts. NP-RLX was preferentially taken-up by CD206+-infiltrating and CD68+-tissue resident alveolar macrophages. Furthermore, NP-RLX ameliorated the chronic AAD-induced AI, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), chemokines (CCL2, CCL11) and the pro-fibrotic TGF-β1/IL-1β axis on AWR and resulting AHR, as well as human myofibroblast-induced collagen gel contraction, to a similar extent as unconjugated RLX. Hence, NP-RLX represents a novel strategy for treating the central features of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan Chakraborty
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anita A Pinar
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maggie Lam
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane E Bourke
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon G Royce
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology and Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cordelia Selomulya
- School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Chrishan S Samuel
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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27
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Andreadou EG, Katsipis G, Tsolaki M, Pantazaki AA. Involvement and relationship of bacterial lipopolysaccharides and cyclooxygenases levels in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment patients. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 357:577561. [PMID: 34091099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study reports elevated levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and cyclooxygenases (COX-1/2) in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) patients compared to cognitively healthy individuals, indicating LPSs as promising biomarkers, especially in serum. LPSs, in both fluids, positively correlate with COX-1/2, Αβ42 and tau and negatively with mental state. Furthermore, COX-2 is the main determinant of LPSs presence in serum, whereas COX-1 in CSF. These results underline the significance of microbial/ inflammatory involvement in dementia and offer novel perspectives on the roles of LPSs and COX in pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni G Andreadou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (LND), 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Georgios Katsipis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (LND), 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- First Neurology Department, "AHEPA" University General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Greek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders - GAADRD, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (LND), 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia A Pantazaki
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (LND), 57001 Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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28
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Lee J, Kim HS, Jangili P, Kang HG, Sharma A, Kim JS. Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring Hydrogen Peroxide in COX-2-Positive Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2073-2079. [PMID: 35014334 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an important marker for oxidative stress, plays a vital role in cellular biological functions. Overproduction of H2O2 causes oxidative damage to cellular functions and promotes cancer and other neurodegenerative diseases. Also, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme is known to be expressed in several cancer types and exerts multifaceted roles in carcinogenesis and resistance to cancer treatment. Hence, it is important to monitor the H2O2 concentration changes in the COX-2-expressing cancer cells. Herein, we have developed a molecular fluorescent ratiometric H2O2-responsive probe (NPDIN) composed of indomethacin (COX-2 inhibitor) conjugated with 1,8-napthalimide boronate ester as fluorescent reporter through a chemical linker. The probe was capable of imaging the endogenous H2O2 in COX-2 overexpressing cancer cell lines (A549, LoVo, HT29, and Caco-2). Further studies revealed the critical role of the indomethacin moiety in the cellular uptake behavior of NPDIN in COX-2-overexpressing cancer cells. Collectively, our results demonstrated NPDIN as a COX-2-positive cancer-targeting sensitive ratiometric fluorescent probe (I554/I398) for H2O2 imaging and showed its promising biological applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, South Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Paramesh Jangili
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Hee-Gyoo Kang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, South Korea
| | - Amit Sharma
- CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organization, Sector-30C, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
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29
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Wendimu MY, Alqinyah M, Vella S, Dean P, Almutairi F, Davila-Rivera R, Rayatpisheh S, Wohlschlegel J, Moreno S, Hooks SB. RGS10 physically and functionally interacts with STIM2 and requires store-operated calcium entry to regulate pro-inflammatory gene expression in microglia. Cell Signal 2021; 83:109974. [PMID: 33705894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.109974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic activation of microglia is a driving factor in the progression of neuroinflammatory diseases, and mechanisms that regulate microglial inflammatory signaling are potential targets for novel therapeutics. Regulator of G protein Signaling 10 is the most abundant RGS protein in microglia, where it suppresses inflammatory gene expression and reduces microglia-mediated neurotoxicity. In particular, microglial RGS10 downregulates the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators including cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, the mechanism by which RGS10 affects inflammatory signaling is unknown and is independent of its canonical G protein targeted mechanism. Here, we sought to identify non-canonical RGS10 interacting partners that mediate its anti-inflammatory mechanism. Through RGS10 co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry, we identified STIM2, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized calcium sensor and a component of the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) machinery, as a novel RGS10 interacting protein in microglia. Direct immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed RGS10-STIM2 interaction in multiple microglia and macrophage cell lines, as well as in primary cells, with no interaction observed with the homologue STIM1. We further determined that STIM2, Orai channels, and the calcium-dependent phosphatase calcineurin are essential for LPS-induced COX-2 production in microglia, and this pathway is required for the inhibitory effect of RGS10 on COX-2. Additionally, our data demonstrated that RGS10 suppresses SOCE triggered by ER calcium depletion and that ER calcium depletion, which induces SOCE, amplifies pro-inflammatory genes. In addition to COX-2, we also show that RGS10 suppresses the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in microglia in response to thrombin and LPS stimulation, and all of these effects require SOCE. Collectively, the physical and functional links between RGS10 and STIM2 suggest a complex regulatory network connecting RGS10, SOCE, and pro-inflammatory gene expression in microglia, with broad implications in the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menbere Y Wendimu
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Mohammed Alqinyah
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Stephen Vella
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Phillip Dean
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Faris Almutairi
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Roseanne Davila-Rivera
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Shima Rayatpisheh
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States of America
| | - James Wohlschlegel
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, United States of America
| | - Silvia Moreno
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Shelley B Hooks
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America.
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs in patients with chronic liver damage, inflammation and cirrhosis. The facilitators involved in increasing the HCC risk in the damaged liver are yet to be discovered. Diet and lifestyle have a profound effect on the liver inflammation and HCC. The term “gut liver axis” describes the bidirectional relationship between the liver and the gut, which are both anatomically and functionally related. Chronic liver damage is characterised by increased intestinal permeability that allows the translocation of various components and metabolites from the gut microbiota to the liver, resulting in liver inflammation and fibrosis. In this review, we discuss how diet-induced changes in gut microbiome composition, such as lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid, and its metabolites, such as bile acids, play a role in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and HCC.
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Functions of ROS in Macrophages and Antimicrobial Immunity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020313. [PMID: 33669824 PMCID: PMC7923022 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a chemically defined group of reactive molecules derived from molecular oxygen. ROS are involved in a plethora of processes in cells in all domains of life, ranging from bacteria, plants and animals, including humans. The importance of ROS for macrophage-mediated immunity is unquestioned. Their functions comprise direct antimicrobial activity against bacteria and parasites as well as redox-regulation of immune signaling and induction of inflammasome activation. However, only a few studies have performed in-depth ROS analyses and even fewer have identified the precise redox-regulated target molecules. In this review, we will give a brief introduction to ROS and their sources in macrophages, summarize the versatile roles of ROS in direct and indirect antimicrobial immune defense, and provide an overview of commonly used ROS probes, scavengers and inhibitors.
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Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Arylpyridin-2-yl Guanidine Derivatives and Cyclic Mimetics as Novel MSK1 Inhibitors. An Application in an Asthma Model. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020391. [PMID: 33450992 PMCID: PMC7828447 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen- and Stress-Activated Kinase 1 (MSK1) is a nuclear kinase, taking part in the activation pathway of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-kB and is demonstrating a therapeutic target potential in inflammatory diseases such as asthma, psoriasis and atherosclerosis. To date, few MSK1 inhibitors were reported. In order to identify new MSK1 inhibitors, a screening of a library of low molecular weight compounds was performed, and the results highlighted the 6-phenylpyridin-2-yl guanidine (compound 1a, IC50~18 µM) as a starting hit for structure-activity relationship study. Derivatives, homologues and rigid mimetics of 1a were designed, and all synthesized compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activity towards MSK1. Among them, the non-cytotoxic 2-aminobenzimidazole 49d was the most potent at inhibiting significantly: (i) MSK1 activity, (ii) the release of IL-6 in inflammatory conditions in vitro (IC50~2 µM) and (iii) the inflammatory cell recruitment to the airways in a mouse model of asthma.
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Zannikou M, Barbayianni I, Fanidis D, Grigorakaki T, Vlachopoulou E, Konstantopoulos D, Fousteri M, Nikitopoulou I, Kotanidou A, Kaffe E, Aidinis V. MAP3K8 Regulates Cox-2-Mediated Prostaglandin E 2 Production in the Lung and Suppresses Pulmonary Inflammation and Fibrosis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 206:607-620. [PMID: 33443087 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by exuberant deposition of extracellular matrix components, leading to the deterioration of lung architecture and respiratory functions. Profibrotic mechanisms are controlled by multiple regulatory molecules, including MAPKs, in turn regulated by multiple phosphorylation cascades. MAP3K8 is an MAPK kinase kinase suggested to pleiotropically regulate multiple pathogenic pathways in the context of inflammation and cancer; however, a possible role in the pathogenesis of IPF has not been investigated. In this report, MAP3K8 mRNA levels were found decreased in the lungs of IPF patients and of mice upon bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Ubiquitous genetic deletion of Map3k8 in mice exacerbated the modeled disease, whereas bone marrow transfer experiments indicated that although MAP3K8 regulatory functions are active in both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells, Map3k8 in hematopoietic cells has a more dominant role. Macrophage-specific deletion of Map3k8 was further found to be sufficient for disease exacerbation thus confirming a major role for macrophages in pulmonary fibrotic responses and suggesting a main role for Map3k8 in the homeostasis of their effector functions in the lung. Map3k8 deficiency was further shown to be associated with decreased Cox-2 expression, followed by a decrease in PGE2 production in the lung; accordingly, exogenous administration of PGE2 reduced inflammation and reversed the exacerbated fibrotic profile of Map3k8 -/- mice. Therefore, MAP3K8 has a central role in the regulation of inflammatory responses and Cox-2-mediated PGE2 production in the lung, and the attenuation of its expression is integral to pulmonary fibrosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markella Zannikou
- Institute of Bio-Innovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Ilianna Barbayianni
- Institute of Bio-Innovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysios Fanidis
- Institute of Bio-Innovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Grigorakaki
- Institute of Bio-Innovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Evlalia Vlachopoulou
- Institute of Bio-Innovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Konstantopoulos
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Fousteri
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Nikitopoulou
- GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; and
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- GP Livanos and M Simou Laboratories, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 106 76 Athens, Greece; and.,First Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Services, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens 106 76, Greece
| | - Eleanna Kaffe
- Institute of Bio-Innovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis Aidinis
- Institute of Bio-Innovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece;
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Ernst O, Failayev H, Athamna M, He H, Tsfadia Y, Zor T. A dual and conflicting role for imiquimod in inflammation: A TLR7 agonist and a cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tong M, Suttapitugsakul S, Wu R. Effective Method for Accurate and Sensitive Quantitation of Rapid Changes of Newly Synthesized Proteins. Anal Chem 2020; 92:10048-10057. [PMID: 32531160 PMCID: PMC7425198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Protein synthesis is quickly and tightly regulated in cells to adapt to the ever-changing extracellular and intracellular environment. Accurate quantitation of rapid protein synthesis changes can provide insights into protein functions and cellular activities, but it is very challenging to achieve because of the lack of effective analysis methods. Here, we developed an effective mass spectrometry-based method named quantitative O-propargyl-puromycin tagging (QOT) by integrating O-propargyl-puromycin (OPP) labeling, bioorthogonal chemistry, and multiplexed proteomics for global and quantitative analysis of rapid protein synthesis. The current method enables us to accurately quantitate rapid changes of newly synthesized proteins because, unlike amino acids and their analogs, OPP can be utilized by the ribosome immediately without being activated and conjugated to tRNA, and thus cell starvation or pretreatment is not required. This method was applied to quantitate rapid changes of protein synthesis in THP-1 macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For 15-min labeling, >3000 proteins were quantitated, and the synthesis of 238 proteins was significantly altered, including transcription factors and cytokines. The results demonstrated that protein synthesis was modulated to facilitate protein secretion in macrophages in response to LPS. Considering the importance of protein synthesis, this method can be extensively applied to investigate rapid changes of protein synthesis in the biological and biomedical research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Tong
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Suttipong Suttapitugsakul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ronghu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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36
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Inflammatory macrophage memory in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:587-599. [PMID: 32540397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is a chronic inflammatory condition, which is driven by an aberrant arachidonic acid metabolism. Macrophages are major producers of arachidonic acid metabolites and subject to metabolic reprogramming, but they have been neglected in N-ERD. OBJECTIVE This study sought to elucidate a potential metabolic and epigenetic macrophage reprogramming in N-ERD. METHODS Transcriptional, metabolic, and lipid mediator profiles in macrophages from patients with N-ERD and healthy controls were assessed by RNA sequencing, Seahorse assays, and LC-MS/MS. Metabolites in nasal lining fluid, sputum, and plasma from patients with N-ERD (n = 15) and healthy individuals (n = 10) were quantified by targeted metabolomics analyses. Genome-wide methylomics were deployed to define epigenetic mechanisms of macrophage reprogramming in N-ERD. RESULTS This study shows that N-ERD monocytes/macrophages exhibit an overall reduction in DNA methylation, aberrant metabolic profiles, and an increased expression of chemokines, indicative of a persistent proinflammatory activation. Differentially methylated regions in N-ERD macrophages included genes involved in chemokine signaling and acylcarnitine metabolism. Acylcarnitines were increased in macrophages, sputum, nasal lining fluid, and plasma of patients with N-ERD. On inflammatory challenge, N-ERD macrophages produced increased levels of acylcarnitines, proinflammatory arachidonic acid metabolites, cytokines, and chemokines as compared to healthy macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings decipher a proinflammatory metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming of macrophages in N-ERD.
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Samiea A, Yoon JSJ, Cheung ST, Chamberlain TC, Mui ALF. Interleukin-10 contributes to PGE2 signalling through upregulation of EP4 via SHIP1 and STAT3. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230427. [PMID: 32240179 PMCID: PMC7117666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage cells form part of our first line defense against pathogens. Macrophages become activated by microbial products such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to produce inflammatory mediators, such as TNFα and other cytokines, which orchestrate the host defense against the pathogen. Once the pathogen has been eradicated, the activated macrophage must be appropriately deactivated or inflammatory diseases result. Interleukin-10 (IL10) is a key anti-inflammatory cytokine which deactivates the activated macrophage. The IL10 receptor (IL10R) signals through the Jak1/Tyk2 tyrosine kinases, STAT3 transcription factor and the SHIP1 inositol phosphatase. However, IL10 has also been described to induce the activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) regulated protein kinase A (PKA). We now report that IL10R signalling leads to STAT3/SHIP1 dependent expression of the EP4 receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). In macrophages, EP4 is a Gαs-protein coupled receptor that stimulates adenylate cyclase (AC) production of cAMP, leading to downstream activation of protein kinase A (PKA) and phosphorylation of the CREB transcription factor. IL10 induction of phospho-CREB and inhibition of LPS-induced phosphorylation of p85 PI3K and p70 S6 kinase required the presence of EP4. These data suggest that IL10R activation of STAT3/SHIP1 enhances EP4 expression, and that it is EP4 which activates cAMP-dependent signalling. The coordination between IL10R and EP4 signalling also provides an explanation for why cAMP elevating agents synergize with IL10 to elicit anti-inflammatory responses.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Dinoprostone/metabolism
- Female
- Interleukin-10/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Oxytocics/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases/metabolism
- RAW 264.7 Cells
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Samiea
- Immunity and Infection Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jeff S. J. Yoon
- Immunity and Infection Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sylvia T. Cheung
- Immunity and Infection Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Thomas C. Chamberlain
- Immunity and Infection Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alice L. -F. Mui
- Immunity and Infection Research Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Yadav AK, Reinhardt CJ, Arango AS, Huff HC, Dong L, Malkowski MG, Das A, Tajkhorshid E, Chan J. An Activity-Based Sensing Approach for the Detection of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Live Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3307-3314. [PMID: 31854058 PMCID: PMC7416425 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression is prominent in inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Directly monitoring COX-2 activity within its native environment poses an exciting approach to account for and illuminate the effect of the local environments on protein activity. Herein, we report the development of CoxFluor, the first activity-based sensing approach for monitoring COX-2 within live cells with confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. CoxFluor strategically links a natural substrate with a dye precursor to engage both the cyclooxygenase and peroxidase activities of COX-2. This catalyzes the release of resorufin and the natural product, as supported by molecular dynamics and ensemble docking. CoxFluor enabled the detection of oxygen-dependent changes in COX-2 activity that are independent of protein expression within live macrophage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Christopher J Reinhardt
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Andres S Arango
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Hannah C Huff
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Michael G Malkowski
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Aditi Das
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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Yadav AK, Reinhardt CJ, Arango AS, Huff HC, Dong L, Malkowski MG, Das A, Tajkhorshid E, Chan J. An Activity‐Based Sensing Approach for the Detection of Cyclooxygenase‐2 in Live Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anuj K. Yadav
- Department of Chemistry Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Christopher J. Reinhardt
- Department of Chemistry Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Andres S. Arango
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology Department of Biochemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Hannah C. Huff
- Department of Chemistry Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Structural Biology Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14203 USA
| | - Michael G. Malkowski
- Department of Structural Biology Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University at Buffalo Buffalo NY 14203 USA
| | - Aditi Das
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology Department of Biochemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Department of Chemistry Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology Department of Biochemistry University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
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40
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Kim CH, Lee SH, Kim EJ, Ahn JH, Choi EJ, Yoon JU, Choi IS. Effects of remifentanil preconditioning on factors related to uterine contraction in WISH cells. J Dent Anesth Pain Med 2020; 19:343-351. [PMID: 31942449 PMCID: PMC6946832 DOI: 10.17245/jdapm.2019.19.6.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preterm labor and miscarriage may occur in stressful situations, such as a surgical operation or infection during pregnancy. Pharyngeal and buccal abscess and facial bone fractures are inevitable dental surgeries in pregnant patients. Remifentanil is an opioid analgesic that is commonly used for general anesthesia and sedation. Nonetheless, no study has investigated the effects of remifentanil on amniotic epithelial cells. This study evaluated the effects of remifentanil on the factors related to uterine contraction and its mechanism of action on amniotic epithelial cells. Methods Amniotic epithelial cells were preconditioned at various concentrations of remifentanil for 1 h, followed by 24-h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. MTT assays were performed to assess the cell viability in each group. The effects of remifentanil on factors related to uterine contractions in amniotic epithelial cells were assessed using a nitric oxide (NO) assay, western blot examinations of the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and RT-PCR examinations of the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Results Remifentanil did not affect viability and nitric oxide production of amniotic epithelial cells. Western blot analysis revealed that remifentanil preconditioning resulted in decreased expressions of NF-κB and PGE2 in the cells in LPS-induced inflammation, and a tendency of decreased COX2 expression. The results were statistically significant only at high concentration. RT-PCR revealed reduced expressions of IL-1β and TNF-α. Conclusions Preconditioning with remifentanil does not affect the viability of amniotic epithelial cells but reduces the expression of factors related to uterine contractions in situations where cell inflammation is induced by LPS, which is an important inducer of preterm labor. These findings provide evidence that remifentanil may inhibit preterm labor in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheul-Hong Kim
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Ahn
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Choi
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ji-Uk Yoon
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - In-Seok Choi
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
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Lai ZZ, Yang HL, Ha SY, Chang KK, Mei J, Zhou WJ, Qiu XM, Wang XQ, Zhu R, Li DJ, Li MQ. Cyclooxygenase-2 in Endometriosis. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2783-2797. [PMID: 31853218 PMCID: PMC6909960 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.35128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis (EMS) is the most common gynecological disease in women of reproductive age, and it is associated with chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia and infertility. As a consequence of genetic, immune and environmental factors, endometriotic lesions have high cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and COX-2-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) biosynthesis compared with the normal endometrium. The transcription of the PTGS2 gene for COX-2 is associated with multiple intracellular signals, which converge to cause the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). COX-2 expression can be regulated by several factors, such as estrogen, hypoxia, proinflammatory cytokines, environmental pollutants, metabolites and metabolic enzymes, and platelets. High concentrations of COX-2 lead to high cell proliferation, a low level of apoptosis, high invasion, angiogenesis, EMS-related pain and infertility. COX-2-derived PGE2 performs a crucial function in EMS development by binding to EP2 and EP4 receptors. These basic findings have contributed to COX-2-targeted treatment in EMS, including COX-2 inhibitors, hormone drugs and glycyrrhizin. In this review, we summarize the most recent basic research in detail and provide a short summary of COX-2-targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhen Lai
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Li Yang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yao Ha
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Kai Chang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Mei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - We-Jie Zhou
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Min Qiu
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Center for Human Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215008, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Jin Li
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
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42
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Shibaike Y, Gotoh M, Ogawa C, Nakajima S, Yoshikawa K, Kobayashi T, Murakami-Murofushi K. 2-Carba cyclic phosphatidic acid inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin E2 production in a human macrophage cell line. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 19:100668. [PMID: 31367683 PMCID: PMC6651843 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic phosphatidic acid (cPA) is a naturally occurring phospholipid mediator that contains a unique cyclic phosphate ring at the sn-2 and sn-3 positions of its glycerol backbone. Using mouse models for multiple sclerosis (cuprizone-induced demyelination and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis) and traumatic brain injury, we revealed that cPA and its metabolically stabilized cPA derivative, 2-carba-cPA (2ccPA), have potential to protect against neuroinflammation. In this study, we investigated whether 2ccPA has anti-inflammatory effect on peripheral immune function or not using inflammation-induced macrophages-like cell line, THP-1 monocytes differentiated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 cells were found to have higher expression of the mRNAs of several inflammation-related cytokines and of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2); however, when THP-1 cells were stimulated by LPS in the presence of 2ccPA, the increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine and Cox-2 mRNA was attenuated. 2ccPA treatment also decreased the amount of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) produced by LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells and decreased expression of the mRNA of prostaglandin E receptor 2 (EP2, PTGER2), a PGE2 receptor that mediates inflammation. These results indicate that 2ccPA has anti-inflammatory properties. 2-Carba cyclic phosphatidic acid inhibits prostaglandin E2 production. 2-Carba cyclic phosphatidic acid has anti-inflammatory effect. 2-Carba cyclic phosphatidic acid has effect on peripheral immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Shibaike
- Endowed Research Division of Beauty and Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan.,Research Organization for the Promotion of Global Women's Leadership, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Mari Gotoh
- Endowed Research Division of Beauty and Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan.,Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Ogawa
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakajima
- Endowed Research Division of Beauty and Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan.,Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1, Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yoshikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, 38 Moro-hongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Tetsuyuki Kobayashi
- Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan.,Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Kimiko Murakami-Murofushi
- Endowed Research Division of Beauty and Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
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Ma P, Beatty PL, McKolanis J, Brand R, Schoen RE, Finn OJ. Circulating Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC) That Accumulate in Premalignancy Share Phenotypic and Functional Characteristics With MDSC in Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1401. [PMID: 31275327 PMCID: PMC6594197 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that accumulate in circulation of cancer patients and at tumor sites where they suppress anti-tumor immunity. We previously reported that in a colon cancer prevention trial of a MUC1 vaccine tested in individuals at increased risk for colon cancer, those who did not mount immune response to the vaccine had higher pre-vaccination levels of circulating MDSC compared to those who did. We also reported that individuals with pancreatic premalignancy, Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN), had increased circulating levels of MDSC that inversely correlated with spontaneous antibody responses against the pancreatic tumor associated antigen MUC1, abnormally expressed on IPMN. Accumulation of MDSC in cancer and their immunosuppressive role had been well established but their presence in premalignancy was unexpected. In this study we compared MDSC in premalignancy with those in cancer with the hypothesis that there might be differences in the composition of various MDSC subpopulations and their immunosuppressive functions due to different lengths of exposure to disease and/or different tissue microenvironments. In cohorts of patients with premalignant polyps, colon cancer, premalignant IPMN, and pancreatic cancer, we confirmed higher levels of MDSC in premalignancy compared to healthy controls, higher levels of MDSC in cancer compared to premalignancy, but no difference in their subpopulation composition or immunosuppressive capacity. We show that levels of MDSC in premalignancy correlate negatively in vivo with spontaneous MUC1-specific antibody responses and in vitro with polyclonal T cell proliferation and IFN-γ secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Ma
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Tsinghua MD Program, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pamela L Beatty
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - John McKolanis
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Randal Brand
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Robert E Schoen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Olivera J Finn
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Scindia Y, Wlazlo E, Leeds J, Loi V, Ledesma J, Cechova S, Ghias E, Swaminathan S. Protective Role of Hepcidin in Polymicrobial Sepsis and Acute Kidney Injury. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:615. [PMID: 31244655 PMCID: PMC6563000 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) portends worse prognosis following sepsis, with limited available interventions. Host iron acquisition by pathogens and systemic inflammatory response are key events in the pathogenesis of sepsis. In sepsis, hepcidin induces iron sequestration to limit iron availability to pathogens. Hepcidin is also known to limit inflammation. Since its role in pathophysiology of sepsis-associated AKI is unknown, we investigated the effect of exogenous hepcidin in endotoxin- and peritonitis-induced pathology and AKI. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were treated with saline or 50–100 µg of hepcidin, pre- and post-LPS injection, or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP, model of peritonitis). Splenectomized mice were challenged with LPS, with and without hepcidin. Mice were euthanized at 24 h after LPS injection and at different time points after CLP. Systemic inflammation and renal injury markers were assessed. Direct effect of hepcidin on renal tubular and endothelial cells was evaluated using endotoxin-induced cytotoxic serum. Role of heavy chain ferritin (H-ferritin) in mediating hepcidin-induced anti-inflammatory effect on LPS stimulated macrophages was evaluated with siRNA studies. Results: Twenty-four hours pretreatment with hepcidin significantly reduced LPS-induced AKI. Hepcidin ameliorated LPS-induced increase in serum TNFα and renal Cox-2, and prevented loss in PGC1α and cytochrome c oxidase activity. This was associated with reduced glomerular injury and preserved mitochondrial structure. Hepcidin did not exert direct protection on the renal parenchymal cells but reduced endotoxin-induced serum cytotoxicity to mitigate renal injury. Splenectomy reduced LPS-induced early inflammation and AKI, independent of hepcidin, indicating the importance of systemic inflammation. Higher splenic H-ferritin in hepcidin-treated animals was associated with reduced splenocytes apoptosis and inflammation. Hepcidin reduced LPS-induced IL-6 secretion in macrophages in H-ferritin dependent manner. Hepcidin significantly reduced CLP-induced AKI, and mortality (20% hepcidin treated vs 80% PBS treated). Importantly hepcidin reduced bacteremia and AKI even when administered after onset of sepsis. Conclusion: We demonstrate a protective role of hepcidin in endotoxin- and peritonitis-induced pathologies and AKI, exerted primarily through its anti-inflammatory effects, and antibacterial property. Macrophage H-ferritin plays an important role in hepcidin-mediated protection against endotoxin-induced inflammation. We uncover a novel prophylactic and therapeutic role of hepcidin in sepsis-associated bacteremia, AKI, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Scindia
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Ewa Wlazlo
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Joseph Leeds
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Valentina Loi
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Jonathan Ledesma
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Sylvia Cechova
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Ghias
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Sundararaman Swaminathan
- Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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Kolar MJ, Konduri S, Chang T, Wang H, McNerlin C, Ohlsson L, Härröd M, Siegel D, Saghatelian A. Linoleic acid esters of hydroxy linoleic acids are anti-inflammatory lipids found in plants and mammals. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:10698-10707. [PMID: 31152059 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a recently discovered class of biologically active lipids. Here we identify the linoleic acid ester of 13-hydroxy linoleic acid (13-LAHLA) as an anti-inflammatory lipid. An oat oil fraction and FAHFA-enriched extract from this fraction showed anti-inflammatory activity in a lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine secretion assay. Structural studies identified three LAHLA isomers (15-, 13-, and 9-LAHLA) as being the most abundant FAHFAs in the oat oil fraction. Of these LAHLAs, 13-LAHLA is the most abundant LAHLA isomer in human serum after ingestion of liposomes made of fractionated oat oil, and it is also the most abundant endogenous LAHLA in mouse and human adipose tissue. As a result, we chemically synthesized 13-LAHLA for biological assays. 13-LAHLA suppresses lipopolysaccharide-stimulated secretion of cytokines and expression of pro-inflammatory genes. These studies identify LAHLAs as an evolutionarily conserved lipid with anti-inflammatory activity in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Kolar
- From the Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Srihari Konduri
- the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0934
| | - Tina Chang
- From the Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Huijing Wang
- the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0934
| | - Clare McNerlin
- the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0934
| | - Lena Ohlsson
- the Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00 Lund, Sweden, and
| | - Magnus Härröd
- Härröd Research, Frans Persons väg 6, 40229 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dionicio Siegel
- the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0934,
| | - Alan Saghatelian
- From the Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037,
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46
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Mitsui Y, Tomonobu N, Watanabe M, Kinoshita R, Sumardika IW, Youyi C, Murata H, Yamamoto KI, Sadahira T, Rodrigo AGH, Takamatsu H, Araki K, Yamauchi A, Yamamura M, Fujiwara H, Inoue Y, Futami J, Saito K, Iioka H, Kondo E, Nishibori M, Toyooka S, Yamamoto Y, Nasu Y, Sakaguchi M. Upregulation of Mobility in Pancreatic Cancer Cells by Secreted S100A11 Through Activation of Surrounding Fibroblasts. Oncol Res 2019; 27:945-956. [PMID: 31046874 PMCID: PMC7848232 DOI: 10.3727/096504019x15555408784978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
S100A11, a member of the S100 family of proteins, is actively secreted from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. However, the role of the extracellular S100A11 in PDAC progression remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the extracellular role of S100A11 in crosstalking between PDAC cells and surrounding fibroblasts in PDAC progression. An abundant S100A11 secreted from pancreatic cancer cells stimulated neighboring fibroblasts through receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) upon S100A11 binding and was followed by not only an enhanced cancer cell motility in vitro but also an increased number of the PDAC-derived circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in vivo. Mechanistic investigation of RAGE downstream in fibroblasts revealed a novel contribution of a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK), tumor progression locus 2 (TPL2), which is required for positive regulation of PDAC cell motility through induction of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and its catalyzed production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a strong chemoattractive fatty acid. The extracellularly released PGE2 from fibroblasts was required for the rise in cellular migration as well as infiltration of their adjacent PDAC cells in a coculture setting. Taken together, our data reveal a novel role of the secretory S100A11 in PDAC disseminative progression through activation of surrounding fibroblasts triggered by the S100A11-RAGE-TPL2-COX2 pathway. The findings of this study will contribute to the establishment of a novel therapeutic antidote to PDACs that are difficult to treat by regulating cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) through targeting the identified pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Mitsui
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nahoko Tomonobu
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Rie Kinoshita
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - I Wayan Sumardika
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chen Youyi
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Murata
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamamoto
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takuya Sadahira
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Acosta Gonzalez Herik Rodrigo
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takamatsu
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kota Araki
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akira Yamauchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamura
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideyo Fujiwara
- Department of Pathology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Division of Molecular Science, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, Japan
| | - Junichiro Futami
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Iioka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Eisaku Kondo
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Toyooka
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Nasu
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sakaguchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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47
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Lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like, anxiogenic-like and hyperalgesic behavior is attenuated by acute administration of α-(phenylselanyl) acetophenone in mice. Neuropharmacology 2019; 146:128-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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48
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Huang C, Niethammer P. Tissue Damage Signaling Is a Prerequisite for Protective Neutrophil Recruitment to Microbial Infection in Zebrafish. Immunity 2019; 48:1006-1013.e6. [PMID: 29768163 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Tissue damage and infection are deemed likewise triggers of innate immune responses. But whereas neutrophil responses to microbes are generally protective, neutrophil recruitment into damaged tissues without infection is deleterious. Why neutrophils respond to tissue damage and not just to microbes is unknown. Is it a flaw of the innate immune system that persists because evolution did not select against it, or does it provide a selective advantage? Here we dissect the contribution of tissue damage signaling to antimicrobial immune responses in a live vertebrate. By intravital imaging of zebrafish larvae, a powerful model for innate immunity, we show that prevention of tissue damage signaling upon microbial ear infection abrogates leukocyte chemotaxis and reduces animal survival, at least in part, through suppression of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPla2), which integrates tissue damage- and microbe-derived cues. Thus, microbial cues are insufficient, and damage signaling is essential for antimicrobial neutrophil responses in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Huang
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; BCMB Allied Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Philipp Niethammer
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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49
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Agarwal H, Nakara A, Shanmugam VK. Anti-inflammatory mechanism of various metal and metal oxide nanoparticles synthesized using plant extracts: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:2561-2572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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50
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Ohnishi M, Yukawa R, Akagi M, Ohsugi Y, Inoue A. Bradykinin and interleukin-1β synergistically increase the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 through the RNA-binding protein HuR in rat dorsal root ganglion cells. Neurosci Lett 2018; 694:215-219. [PMID: 30528878 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and bradykinin (BK) in peri-sensory neurons results in the production of prostanoids, which affects sensory neuronal activity and responsiveness and causes hyperalgesia. To evaluate the effects of pro-inflammatory mediators on COX-2 expression, cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells were treated with IL-1β and BK, which caused persistent increased COX-2 expression. Co-treatment increased COX-2 transcriptional activities in an additive manner by a COX-2 promoter luciferase assay. Immunoprecipitated HuR, an RNA-binding protein, in co-treated DRG cells contained more COX-2 mRNA than that of the control. The synergistic effects of IL-1β and BK on COX-2 expression may be a result of RNA stabilization mediated by HuR in peri-sensory neurons. Multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators are produced during neurogenic inflammation and aberrant control of COX-2 mRNA turnover may be implicated in diseases including chronic inflammation, which results in inflammation-derived hyperalgesia around primary sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Ohnishi
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryota Yukawa
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Marina Akagi
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Ohsugi
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsuko Inoue
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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