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Varma PK, Radhakrishnan RM, Gopal K, Krishna N, Jose R. Selecting the appropriate patients for coronary artery bypass grafting in ischemic cardiomyopathy-importance of myocardial viability. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 40:341-352. [PMID: 38681722 PMCID: PMC11045715 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-023-01671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients who undergo coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in ischemic cardiomyopathy have a survival advantage over medical therapy at 10 years. The survival advantage of CABG over medical therapy is due to its ability to reduce future myocardial infarction, and by conferring electrical stability. The presence of myocardial viability does not provide a differential survival advantage for CABG over medical therapy. Presence of angina and inducible ischemia are also less predictive of outcome. Moreover, CABG is associated with significant early mortality. Hence, careful patient selection is more important for reducing the early mortality and improving the long-term outcome than relying on results of myocardial viability. Younger patients with good exercise tolerance benefit the most, while patients who are frail and patients with renal dysfunction and dysfunctional right ventricle seem to have very high operative mortality. Elderly patients, because of poor life expectancy, do not benefit from CABG, but the age cutoff is not clear. Patients also need to have revascularizable targets, but this decision is often based on experience of the surgical team and heart team discussion. These recommendations are irrespective of the myocardial viability tests. Optimal medical treatment remains the cornerstone for management of ischemic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Kerala Varma
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), Kochi, India
| | - Rohik Micka Radhakrishnan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), Kochi, India
| | - Kirun Gopal
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), Kochi, India
| | - Neethu Krishna
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), Kochi, India
| | - Rajesh Jose
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University), Kochi, India
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Mostafa MM, AlKhawaga MA, ELminshawy A. [Amélioration précoce de la fraction d'éjection chez les patients ayant une fraction d'éjection réduite après un pontage coronarien]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2024; 73:101674. [PMID: 37988889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2023.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advancements in surgical technique, myocardial shield, and postoperative care, Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) among patients with reduced ejection fraction (EF) remains a surgical challenge due to their greater postoperative morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the early outcome of patients with reduced LVEF undergoing CABG and the improvement in the ejection fraction after revascularization. METHODS A total of 62 patients with impaired Left Ventricular (LV) systolic function (LVEF = 35-40 %) who underwent isolated On-pump CABG at the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery in Assiut University Hospitals and who had met the listed inclusion and exclusion criteria were eligible for the study. Different variables (preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative) were collected, studied, and compared. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 57.81 ± 7.57 years, 66.1 % were male and 33.9 % were female. 44 (71.0%) patients were administered antegrade cardioplegia, whereas 18 (29.0%) patients were administered antegrade plus retrograde cardioplegia. Mean LVEF increased significantly from 37.97 ± 1.38% before surgery to 51.87 ± 3.54% after surgery (P ˂ 0.05). Post-operative low cardiac output syndrome occurred in 37 (59.7 %) of patients, pulmonary complications in 15 (24.2%), neurological complications in 10 (16.1%), sternal wound infection in 9 (14.5%), atrial fibrillation in 5 (8.1%) and acute kidney injury in 5 (8.1 %) of patients. In-hospital mortality was 16.1% (10 patients). CONCLUSION Based on the findings, CABG in patients with reduced preoperative LVEF improves the postoperative LVEF and NYHA functional class.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud A AlKhawaga
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Ahmed ELminshawy
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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Salihi S, Erkengel Hİ, Saçlı H, Kara İ. The Effectiveness of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 38:132-138. [PMID: 35675492 PMCID: PMC10010734 DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) remains a surgical challenge and is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CABG in patients with LVD. METHODS This retrospective study included a total of 160 consecutive patients (133 males, 27 females, mean age 62.1±10.12 years [range 37 to 86 years]) who had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 45% determined by echocardiography and underwent elective isolated CABG between September 2013 and December 2018. Preoperative echocardiographic data, such as ejection fraction, left ventricular (LV) end-systolic diameter, and LV end-diastolic diameter, were collected and evaluated. Preoperatively, 85 (53.13%) patients were in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV and the mean LVEF was 38.65±5.72% (range 20 to 45). RESULTS The overall hospital mortality was 5% (eight patients). Late follow-up was obtained in 152 (90%) cases (median follow-up time was 56,5 [3-87] months postoperatively). During follow-up, mortality developed in 11.3% (16 patients). Mean LVEF increased significantly from 38.78±5.59% before surgery to 43.29±8.46% after surgery (P<0.01). Mean late survival, freedom from coronary reintervention, and congestive heart failure rates were 86.3±3.3%, 88.7±3.9%, and 89.4±3.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION In patients with LVD, CABG can be performed with low postoperative morbidity and mortality rates. Patients with LVD could benefit from coronary bypass surgery regarding postoperative LV systolic function and higher quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Salihi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sakarya University, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Halil İbrahim Erkengel
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sakarya University, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Hakan Saçlı
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sakarya University, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Kara
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sakarya University, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey
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Early and Long-Term Outcomes after On-Pump and Off-Pump Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction and a Giant Left Ventricle. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9090298. [PMID: 36135443 PMCID: PMC9502700 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9090298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: No previous studies comparing the outcomes between off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (off-pump CABG, OPCAB) and on-pump CABG (ONCAB) have been performed in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) and a giant left ventricle. We aimed to investigate whether such patients could benefit from OPCAB. Methods: From January 2011 to January 2021, a total of 98 patients with severe LVD and a giant left ventricle underwent isolated CABG (ONCAB 46, OPCAB 52) in Wuhan Union Hospital. The clinical data were collected retrospectively and propensity score matching was performed to adjust baseline characteristics. Results: After propensity matching, the two groups were comparable in baseline variables. The OPCAB group had a higher rate of incomplete revascularization than the ONCAB group (25.0% vs. 9.1%; p = 0.047). The 30-day mortality was similar between the matched groups (4.5% vs. 4.5%; p = 1.000) but the OPCAB group had a lower risk of postoperative IABP usage (9.1% vs. 25.0%; p = 0.047) and renal insufficiency (11.4% vs. 29.5%; p = 0.034). The long-term probability of survival (log-rank test, p = 0.450) was similar between the two groups but the OPCAB group had a lower probability of major adverse cardiovascular events (log-rank test, p = 0.038). Conclusions: For patients with severe LVD and a giant left ventricle, OPCAB reduced early postoperative complications while sacrificing long-term quality of life compared to those having ONCAB.
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Lawton JS, Tamis-Holland JE, Bangalore S, Bates ER, Beckie TM, Bischoff JM, Bittl JA, Cohen MG, DiMaio JM, Don CW, Fremes SE, Gaudino MF, Goldberger ZD, Grant MC, Jaswal JB, Kurlansky PA, Mehran R, Metkus TS, Nnacheta LC, Rao SV, Sellke FW, Sharma G, Yong CM, Zwischenberger BA. 2021 ACC/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Coronary Artery Revascularization: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2021; 145:e18-e114. [PMID: 34882435 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM The guideline for coronary artery revascularization replaces the 2011 coronary artery bypass graft surgery and the 2011 and 2015 percutaneous coronary intervention guidelines, providing a patient-centric approach to guide clinicians in the treatment of patients with significant coronary artery disease undergoing coronary revascularization as well as the supporting documentation to encourage their use. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from May 2019 to September 2019, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Collaboration, CINHL Complete, and other relevant databases. Additional relevant studies, published through May 2021, were also considered. Structure: Coronary artery disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Coronary revascularization is an important therapeutic option when managing patients with coronary artery disease. The 2021 coronary artery revascularization guideline provides recommendations based on contemporary evidence for the treatment of these patients. The recommendations present an evidence-based approach to managing patients with coronary artery disease who are being considered for coronary revascularization, with the intent to improve quality of care and align with patients' interests.
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Lawton JS, Tamis-Holland JE, Bangalore S, Bates ER, Beckie TM, Bischoff JM, Bittl JA, Cohen MG, DiMaio JM, Don CW, Fremes SE, Gaudino MF, Goldberger ZD, Grant MC, Jaswal JB, Kurlansky PA, Mehran R, Metkus TS, Nnacheta LC, Rao SV, Sellke FW, Sharma G, Yong CM, Zwischenberger BA. 2021 ACC/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Coronary Artery Revascularization: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 79:e21-e129. [PMID: 34895950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 173.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM The guideline for coronary artery revascularization replaces the 2011 coronary artery bypass graft surgery and the 2011 and 2015 percutaneous coronary intervention guidelines, providing a patient-centric approach to guide clinicians in the treatment of patients with significant coronary artery disease undergoing coronary revascularization as well as the supporting documentation to encourage their use. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from May 2019 to September 2019, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Collaboration, CINHL Complete, and other relevant databases. Additional relevant studies, published through May 2021, were also considered. STRUCTURE Coronary artery disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Coronary revascularization is an important therapeutic option when managing patients with coronary artery disease. The 2021 coronary artery revascularization guideline provides recommendations based on contemporary evidence for the treatment of these patients. The recommendations present an evidence-based approach to managing patients with coronary artery disease who are being considered for coronary revascularization, with the intent to improve quality of care and align with patients' interests.
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Mpanya D, Ayeni A, More S, Hadebe B, Sathekge M, Tsabedze N. The clinical utility of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography in guiding myocardial revascularisation. Clin Transl Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40336-021-00454-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Hou X, Li X, Qian X, Feng X, Liu S, Shi N, Zhao W, Hu S, Zheng Z, Li G. Glycemic control and risk factors for in-hospital mortality and vascular complications after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with and without preexisting diabetes. J Diabetes 2021; 13:232-242. [PMID: 32833247 PMCID: PMC7891320 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors of in-hospital mortality and vascular complications after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), particularly the effect of different glycemic control levels on outcomes in patients with and without previous evidence of diabetes. METHODS A total of 8682 patients with and without previous diabetes undergoing CABG were categorized into strict, moderate, and liberal glucose control groups according to their mean blood glucose control level <7.8 mmol/L, 7.8 to 10.0 mmol/L, and ≥10.0 mmoL/L after in-hospital CABG. RESULTS The patients with previous diabetes had higher rates of in-hospital mortality (1.3% vs 0.4%, P < .001) and major complications (7.0% vs 4.8%, P < .001) than those without diabetes. Current diabetes was significantly associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] = 3.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.87-5.27) and major complications (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.24-1.80), and smoking and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels showed similar results. Among patients with previous diabetes, strict glucose control was significantly associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (OR = 8.32, 95% CI 3.95-17.51) compared with moderate glucose control. Nevertheless, among non-previous diabetic patients with stress hyperglycemia, strict glucose control led to a lower risk of major complications (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.98). CONCLUSIONS Diabetes status, smoking, and LDL-C levels were modifiable risk factors of both in-hospital mortality and major complications after CABG. Strict glucose control was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality among patients with diabetes, whereas it reduced the risk of major complications among non-previous diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Chen
- Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Metabolism Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiaopei Hou
- Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Metabolism Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiaojue Li
- Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Metabolism Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xin Qian
- Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Metabolism Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xinxing Feng
- Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Metabolism Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shuqian Liu
- Department of Global Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Na Shi
- Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Metabolism Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wei Zhao
- Information Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shengshou Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Guangwei Li
- Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Metabolism Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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Fukunaga N, Ribeiro RVP, Lafreniere-Roula M, Manlhiot C, Badiwala MV, Rao V. Left Ventricular Size and Outcomes in Patients With Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Less Than 20%. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 110:863-869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Guan Z, Guan X, Gu K, Lin X, Lin J, Zhou W, Xu M, Wan F, Zhang Z, Song C. Short-term outcomes of on- vs off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Surg 2020; 15:84. [PMID: 32393284 PMCID: PMC7216614 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-020-01115-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Does the manipulation of the off-pump CABG (OPCAB) in patient with depressed left ventricular function is better than on-pump CABG (ONCAB) approach in in-hospital mortality and morbidities? Here we undertook a meta-analysis of the best evidence available on the comparison of primary and second clinical outcomes of the off-pump and on-pump CABG. Design Systematic literature reviewer and meta-analysis. Data sources PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science and Cochrane Center Registry of Controlled Trials were searched the studies which comparing the use of the off-pump CABG(OPCAB) and on-pump CABG (ONCAB) for patients with LVD during January 1990.1 to January 2018. Eligibility criteria All observation studies and randomized controlled trials comparing on-pump and off-pump as main technique for multi-vessel coronary artery disease (defined as severe stenosis (>70%) in at least 2 major diseased coronary arteries) with left ventricular dysfunction(defined as ejection fraction (EF) 40% or less) were included. Data extraction and synthesis Authors will screen and select the studies extract the following data, first author, year of publication, trial characters, study design, inclusion and exclusion criteria, graft type, clinical outcome, assess the risk of bias and heterogeneity. Study-specific estimates will pool through the modification of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the quality of study and while leave-one-out analysis will be used to detect the impact of individual studies on the robustness of outcomes. Results Among the 987 screened articles, a total of 16 studies (32,354 patients) were included. A significant relationship between patient risk profile and benefits from OPCAB was found in terms of the 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73–0.97; P = 0.02), stroke (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55–0.86; P = 0.00), myocardial infarction (MI) (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53–0.96; P = 0.02), renal failure (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.55–0.93; P = 0.01), pulmonary complication (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52–0.90; P = 0.01), infection (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.49–0.91; P = 0.00),postoperative transfusion (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.08–0.84; P = 0.02) and reoperation for bleeding (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.41–0.75; P = 0.00). There was no significant difference in atrial fibrillation (AF) (OR, 0.96;95%; CI, 0.78–1.41; P = 0.56) and neurological dysfunction (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.49–1.57; P = 0.65). Conclusions Compared with the on-pump CABG with LVD, using the off-pump CABG is a better choice for patients with lower mortality, stroke, MI, RF, pulmonary complication, infection, postoperative transfusion and reoperation for bleeding. Further randomized studies are warranted to corroborate these observational data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Guan
- Department of Cardiology surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | | | - Kaiyun Gu
- Department of Cardiology surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xuanqi Lin
- Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Cardiology surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Department of Cardiology surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fen Wan
- Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, 150 Jimo Rd., Pudong District, Shanghai, 100124, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Cardiology surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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The Current Role of Viability Imaging to Guide Revascularization and Therapy Decisions in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Left Ventricular Function. Can J Cardiol 2019; 35:1015-1029. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Garatti A, Castelvecchio S, Canziani A, Santoro T, Menicanti L. CABG in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: indications, techniques and outcomes. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 34:279-286. [PMID: 33060950 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-018-0738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic chronic heart failure (CHF) represents one of the cardiovascular diseases with the worst degree of morbidity and mortality in the western world, and with the highest health care costs. Despite several studies demonstrated that surgical revascularization (CABG), especially in the presence of viable myocardium, improve heart function, and therefore, survival, the matter remains unclear and controversial. In the late 1970s, the Coronary Artery Surgery Study showed that a subgroup of patients with coronary artery disease, angina, and reduce LV function had a significant survival benefit after CABG compared to those treated medically. The key concept behind this observation was the presence of viable myocardium, which can resume function following revascularization. In contrary, the surgical treatment for ischemic heart failure (STICH) trial, which randomized patients with CAD and LV dysfunction to evidence-based medical therapy or CABG plus medical therapy, failed to demonstrate at a median follow-up of 56 months a significant difference between the CABG group and the medical therapy group in the rate of death from any cause. However, the results of the STICH extension study (STICHES) at 10 years follow-up demonstrated that CABG is associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and readmission for heart compared to optimal medical therapy (OMT) in patients with severe ischemic LV dysfunction. Therefore, this review discusses the available evidences in literature, from observational studies to randomized trials, including operative techniques and controversial issues, in order to better clarify the role of CABG in the current management of ischemic patients with LVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Garatti
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease "E. Malan", Cardiac Surgery Unit, IRCCS Policlinico S. Donato Hospital, San Donato Milanese, Via Morandi 30, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Serenella Castelvecchio
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease "E. Malan", Cardiac Surgery Unit, IRCCS Policlinico S. Donato Hospital, San Donato Milanese, Via Morandi 30, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Canziani
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease "E. Malan", Cardiac Surgery Unit, IRCCS Policlinico S. Donato Hospital, San Donato Milanese, Via Morandi 30, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Tiberio Santoro
- Division of Cardiology, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Menicanti
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease "E. Malan", Cardiac Surgery Unit, IRCCS Policlinico S. Donato Hospital, San Donato Milanese, Via Morandi 30, 20097 Milan, Italy
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Adhyapak SM, Parachuri VR. High-risk cardiac surgery as an alternative to transplant or mechanical support in patients with end-stage heart failure: A seemingly viable option. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017; 155:233. [PMID: 29245193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - V Rao Parachuri
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Narayana Hrudayalaya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India
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Ji Q, Xia LM, Shi YQ, Ma RH, Shen JQ, Ding WJ, Wang CS. Impact of severe left ventricular dysfunction on in-hospital and mid-term outcomes of Chinese patients undergoing first isolated off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. J Cardiothorac Surg 2017; 12:87. [PMID: 29017569 PMCID: PMC5635480 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-017-0651-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies focused on evaluating the impacts of preoperative severe left ventricular dysfunction on clinical outcomes of patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (OPCAB). This single center retrospective study aimed to evaluate the impacts of severe left ventricular dysfunction on in-hospital and mid-term clinical outcomes of Chinese patients undergoing first, scheduled, and isolated OPCAB surgery. Methods From January 2010 to December 2014, 2032 eligible patients were included in this study and were divided into 3 groups: a severe group (patients with preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≤35%, n = 128), an impaired group (patients with preoperative LVEF of 36-50%, n = 680), and a normal group (patients with preoperative LVEF of >50%, n = 1224). In-hospital and follow-up clinical outcomes were investigated and compared. Results Patients in the severe group compared to the other 2 groups had higher in-hospital mortality and higher incidences of low cardiac output and prolonged ventilation. Kaplan-Meier curves showed a similar cumulative follow-up survival between the severe group and the impaired group (χ2 = 1.980, Log-rank p = 0.159) and between the severe group and the normal group (χ2 = 2.701, Log-rank p = 0.102). Multivariate Cox regression indicated that grouping was not a significant variable related to mid-term all-cause mortality. No significant difference was found in the rate of repeat revascularization between the severe group (2.4%) and the other 2 groups. Conclusions Patients with preoperative LVEF of ≤35% compared to preoperative LVEF of >35% increased the risk of in-hospital death and incidences of postoperative low cardiac output and prolonged ventilation, but shared similar mid-term all-cause mortality and repeat revascularization after OPCAB surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Min Xia
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, 1609 Xietu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Qing Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, 1609 Xietu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Run Hua Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Qiang Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Jun Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Sheng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, 1609 Xietu Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Ezekowitz JA, O'Meara E, McDonald MA, Abrams H, Chan M, Ducharme A, Giannetti N, Grzeslo A, Hamilton PG, Heckman GA, Howlett JG, Koshman SL, Lepage S, McKelvie RS, Moe GW, Rajda M, Swiggum E, Virani SA, Zieroth S, Al-Hesayen A, Cohen-Solal A, D'Astous M, De S, Estrella-Holder E, Fremes S, Green L, Haddad H, Harkness K, Hernandez AF, Kouz S, LeBlanc MH, Masoudi FA, Ross HJ, Roussin A, Sussex B. 2017 Comprehensive Update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for the Management of Heart Failure. Can J Cardiol 2017; 33:1342-1433. [PMID: 29111106 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the inception of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society heart failure (HF) guidelines in 2006, much has changed in the care for patients with HF. Over the past decade, the HF Guidelines Committee has published regular updates. However, because of the major changes that have occurred, the Guidelines Committee believes that a comprehensive reassessment of the HF management recommendations is presently needed, with a view to producing a full and complete set of updated guidelines. The primary and secondary Canadian Cardiovascular Society HF panel members as well as external experts have reviewed clinically relevant literature to provide guidance for the practicing clinician. The 2017 HF guidelines provide updated guidance on the diagnosis and management (self-care, pharmacologic, nonpharmacologic, device, and referral) that should aid in day-to-day decisions for caring for patients with HF. Among specific issues covered are risk scores, the differences in management for HF with preserved vs reduced ejection fraction, exercise and rehabilitation, implantable devices, revascularization, right ventricular dysfunction, anemia, and iron deficiency, cardiorenal syndrome, sleep apnea, cardiomyopathies, HF in pregnancy, cardio-oncology, and myocarditis. We devoted attention to strategies and treatments to prevent HF, to the organization of HF care, comorbidity management, as well as practical issues around the timing of referral and follow-up care. Recognition and treatment of advanced HF is another important aspect of this update, including how to select advanced therapies as well as end of life considerations. Finally, we acknowledge the remaining gaps in evidence that need to be filled by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eileen O'Meara
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Michael Chan
- Edmonton Cardiology Consultants, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anique Ducharme
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Adam Grzeslo
- Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Serge Lepage
- Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Miroslaw Rajda
- QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Sean A Virani
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Sabe De
- London Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Stephen Fremes
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lee Green
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Haissam Haddad
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Karen Harkness
- Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Simon Kouz
- Centre Hospitalier Régional de Lanaudière, Joliette, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Andre Roussin
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Bruce Sussex
- Memorial University, St John's, Newfoundland, Canada
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16
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Álvarez-Cabo R, Meana B, Díaz R, Hernández-Vaquero D, Mencía P, Martín M, Llosa JC, Morales C, Silva J. Cirugía coronaria en pacientes con disfunción ventricular severa. Resultados a medio plazo. CIRUGIA CARDIOVASCULAR 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.circv.2016.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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17
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Popovic B, Maureira P, Juilliere Y, Danchin N, Voilliot D, Vanhuyse F, Villemot JP. Bilateral vs unilateral internal mammary revascularization in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. World J Cardiol 2017; 9:339-346. [PMID: 28515852 PMCID: PMC5411968 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i4.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the survival benefit of bilateral internal mammary artery (BIMA) grafts in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.
METHODS Between 1996 and 2009, we performed elective, isolated, primary, multiple cardiac arterial bypass grafting in 430 consecutive patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40%. The early and long-term results were compared between 167 patients undergoing BIMA grafting and 263 patients using left internal mammary artery (LIMA)-saphenous venous grafting (SVG).
RESULTS The mean age of the overall population was 60.1 ± 15 years. In-hospital mortality was not different between the two groups (7.8% vs 10.3%, P = 0.49). Early postoperative morbidity included myocardial infarction (4.2% vs 3.8%, P = 0.80), stroke (1.2% vs 3.8%, P = 0.14), and mediastinitis (5.3% vs 2.3%, P = 0.11). At 8-year follow-up, Kaplan-Meier-estimated survival (74.2% vs 58.9%, P = 0.02) and Kaplan-Meier-estimated event-free survival (all cause deaths, myocardial infarction, stroke, target vessel revascularization, heart failure) (61.7% and 41.1%, P < 0.01) were significantly higher in the BIMA group compared with the LIMA-SVG group in univariate analysis. The propensity score matching analysis confirmed that BIMA grafting is a safe revascularization procedure but there was no long term survival (P = 0.40) and event-free survival (P = 0.13) in comparison with LIMA-SVG use.
CONCLUSION Our longitudinal analysis suggests that BIMA grafting can be performed with acceptable perioperative mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.
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18
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High-risk cardiac surgery as an alternative to transplant or mechanical support in patients with end-stage heart failure. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017; 154:517-525. [PMID: 28495061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2017.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the results of cardiac surgery in patients with poor left ventricular function have been widely published, the outcomes in patients with end-stage heart failure who meet criteria for advanced therapies are not well investigated. As access to transplantation and ventricular assist device therapy remains limited, we explored the possibility of conventional surgery as an alternative option for highly selected patients with end-stage heart failure. METHODS We identified patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <20% and VO2 max <14 mL/min/m2, who were initially referred for advanced therapies but were instead offered a conventional procedure from 2002 to 2012. We examined the short- and midterm outcomes and compared survival with that after our advanced therapies in the same era. RESULTS A total of 133 patients were identified; 68 were deemed to be transplant-eligible, whereas 65 were transplant-ineligible. Seventy-nine percent were in New York Heart Association class III/IV. In-hospital mortality was 12%. Actuarial survival at 5 and 10 years was 72% ± 4% and 39% ± 8%, respectively. Nonischemic etiology was identified as a predictor of late mortality. In the propensity-adjusted model, our transplant-eligible patients had comparable long-term survival to our transplantation patients (HR 1.48 [95% confidence interval, 0.66-3.2], P = .34), whereas the survival in our transplant-ineligible subset was comparable to the survival after our left ventricular assist device therapy (HR 0.49 [95% confidence interval, 0.16-1.50], P = .21). CONCLUSIONS Despite high perioperative risk, the midterm survival after conventional surgery in patients eligible for advanced therapies seems to be acceptable and may be an alternative option for highly selected patients with end-stage heart failure.
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19
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Wang J, Zhao L, Wei J, Zhang S, Chen N, Ding D, Gong Q, Su F, Yan J, Zheng P. Comparison of Various Strategies for the Prognosis and Outcomes of Ischaemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Smokers: Complete Revascularisation and Smoking Cessation Produces a Superior Outcome. Heart Lung Circ 2016; 26:463-476. [PMID: 27743853 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various therapies have been used to improve the symptoms and prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease. However, comparative studies showing more suitable choices for patients with ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) and who smoke cigarettes are lacking. METHODS A total of 338 patients were divided into four groups according to whether they received complete revascularisation (CR), and/or underwent smoking cessation (SC). They were followed prospectively for 12 months. The major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs: all-cause mortality, non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, repeat revascularisation, and AHF) were the primary endpoint, and decompensation necessitating hospitalisation and the combined endpoint thereof were secondary endpoints. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 12 months, the prevalence of MACCEs was significantly lower in patients receiving CR plus SC (CRSC) than in patients receiving CR only (CR), SC only (SC), and neither R nor SC (NoRSC) (CRSC 4.4% vs. CR 11.9, p<0.05; vs. SC 26.5%, p<0.001; vs. NoRSC 34.5%, p<0.001, respectively). At 12 months, CR plus SC induced the greatest clinical benefits of the secondary outcomes in the CRSC group (49.1% relative increase in LVEF; 89.8% decrease in NT-proBNP level; 30.9% decrease in LVEDD; 38.3% decrease in LVESD; 51.4% decrease in LVEDVi; 51.2% decrease in LVESVi; 96.4% decrease in hs-cTnT level; 93.5% decrease in CK-MB level; 91.1% decrease in hs-CRP level; 94.0% decrease in IL-6 level; 1.9-fold increase in eNOS level; 1.8-fold increase in NO level; 1.3-fold increase in NOS level, all p<0.001). Absence of revascularisation brought about fewer benefits, and those who continued smoking had worse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The combination of CR and SC could be an optimal therapeutic regimen for patients with IDCM who smoke because it improves myocardial blood perfusion and endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Geriatric Department, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, PR China
| | - Lan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiarui Wei
- Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Shaoheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Geriatric Department, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, PR China; Department of Cardiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510630.
| | - Nannan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Geriatric Department, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, PR China
| | - Dongxing Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Geriatric Department, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, PR China
| | - Qunlin Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Geriatric Department, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, PR China
| | - Feng Su
- Department of Cardiology, Geriatric Department, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, PR China
| | - Jian Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Dahua Hospital, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Pengxiang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Geriatric Department, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, PR China.
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20
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Zhang D, Lyu S, Song X, Yuan F, Xu F, Zhang M, Zhang M. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Versus Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction. Angiology 2016; 68:19-28. [PMID: 27069109 DOI: 10.1177/0003319716639197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The optimal method of coronary revascularization for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction is unclear. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in these patients. Two investigators independently searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register databases for relevant studies. Four prospective and 5 retrospective studies, published before March 2015, involving 6082 patients were included. Compared with PCI, CABG was significantly associated with lower long-term death (odds ratio [OR]: 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70-0.96, P = .01, I2 = 0%), myocardial infarction (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.36-0.95, P = .03, I2 = 44%), and repeat revascularization (OR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.14-0.22, P < .001, I2 = 32%). The short-term death rate was comparable between CABG and PCI (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 0.80-5.45, P = .13, I2 = 9%). Coronary artery bypass grafting has long-term benefits compared with PCI in patients with CAD and LV dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuzheng Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiantao Song
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingduo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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21
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Revascularización quirúrgica en pacientes con disfunción ventricular severa. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CARDIOLOGÍA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rccar.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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22
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Yee NP, Siu AM, Davis J, Kao J. Recovery of Left Ventricular Function After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Compared to Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Multi-Vessel Coronary Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction. HAWAI'I JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & PUBLIC HEALTH : A JOURNAL OF ASIA PACIFIC MEDICINE & PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 75:273-277. [PMID: 27688953 PMCID: PMC5030790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of left ventricular (LV) function after revascularization has been described for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG); however, LV recovery after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and how it compares to CABG has not been well described in the literature. The aim of this single center retrospective study was to evaluate LV recovery in patients with severely reduced LV function undergoing PCI compared to those undergoing CABG. Patients with LV ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% and multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing revascularization with either CABG (n=16) or PCI (n=176), and with 12 months of follow up data were included in the study. LVEF at baseline exhibited significant differences between PCI (28.5 ± 8.0) and CABG (24.2 ± 6.8) groups (P=.05). LVEF recovery at 6-month follow up showed no difference between PCI and CABG groups. LVEF recovery differences at one-year follow-up was significantly different between PCI (4.82) and CABG (15.25) groups (P=.005). Patients with severely reduced LV function undergoing multivessel PCI had a statistically significant increase in LVEF over time; however patients undergoing CABG demonstrated greater gains in LVEF over the same time period. Surgical revascularization with CABG may be a procedure of choice in patients with depressed LV function and multivessel CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa P Yee
- Undergraduate, Tufts University, Medford, MA
| | | | - James Davis
- Undergraduate, Tufts University, Medford, MA
| | - John Kao
- Undergraduate, Tufts University, Medford, MA
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23
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Mc Ardle B, Shukla T, Nichol G, deKemp RA, Bernick J, Guo A, Lim SP, Davies RA, Haddad H, Duchesne L, Hendry P, Masters R, Ross H, Freeman M, Gulenchyn K, Racine N, Humen D, Benard F, Ruddy TD, Chow BJ, Mielniczuk L, DaSilva JN, Garrard L, Wells GA, Beanlands RS, Higginson L, Mesana T, Ukkonen H, Yoshinaga K, Renaud J, Klein R, Aung M, Kostuk W, Wisenberg G, White M, Iwanochko R, Mickleborough L, Abramson B, Latter D, Lamy A, Fallen E, Coates G. Long-Term Follow-Up of Outcomes With F-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Imaging–Assisted Management of Patients With Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction Secondary to Coronary Disease. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2016; 9:CIRCIMAGING.115.004331. [DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.115.004331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Whether viability imaging can impact long-term patient outcomes is uncertain. The PARR-2 study (Positron Emission Tomography and Recovery Following Revascularization) showed a nonsignificant trend toward improved outcomes at 1 year using an F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)–assisted strategy in patients with suspected ischemic cardiomyopathy. When patients adhered to F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET recommendations, outcome benefit was observed. Long-term outcomes of viability imaging–assisted management have not previously been evaluated in a randomized controlled trial.
Methods and Results—
PARR-2 randomized patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction and suspected CAD being considered for revascularization or transplantation to standard care (n= 195) versus PET-assisted management (n=197) at sites participating in long-term follow-up. The predefined primary outcome was time to composite event (cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or cardiac hospitalization). After 5 years, 105 (53%) patients in the PET arm and 111 (57%) in the standard care arm experienced the composite event (hazard ratio for time to composite event =0.82 [95% confidence interval 0.62–1.07];
P
=0.15). When only patients who adhered to PET recommendations were included, the hazard ratio for the time to primary outcome was 0.73 (95% confidence interval 0.54–0.99;
P
=0.042).
Conclusions—
After a 5-year follow-up in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and suspected CAD, overall, PET-assisted management did not significantly reduce cardiac events compared with standard care. However, significant benefits were observed when there was adherence to PET recommendations. PET viability imaging may be best applied when there is likely to be adherence to imaging-based recommendations.
Clinical Trial Registration—
URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00385242.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Mc Ardle
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Tushar Shukla
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Graham Nichol
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Robert A. deKemp
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Jordan Bernick
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Ann Guo
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Siok Ping Lim
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Ross A. Davies
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Haissam Haddad
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Lloyd Duchesne
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Paul Hendry
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Roy Masters
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Heather Ross
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Michael Freeman
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Karen Gulenchyn
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Normand Racine
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Dennis Humen
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Francois Benard
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Terrence D. Ruddy
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Benjamin J. Chow
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Lisa Mielniczuk
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Jean N. DaSilva
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Linda Garrard
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - George A. Wells
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | - Rob S.B. Beanlands
- From the Molecular Function and Imaging Program, The National Cardiac PET Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and the Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and the Cardiac Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute and University of Ottawa, Canada (B.M., T.S., R.A.D., J.B., A.G., S.P.L., R.A.D., H.H., L.D., P.H., R.M., T.D.R., B.J.C., L.M., J.N.D., L.G., G.A.W., R.S.B.B.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of
| | | | - T. Mesana
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute
| | | | | | - J. Renaud
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute
| | - R. Klein
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute
| | - M. Aung
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - A. Lamy
- Hamilton Health Sciences Centre
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Pepper J. Managing Heart Failure Patients with Multivessel Disease - Coronary Artery Bypass Graft versus Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Card Fail Rev 2015; 1:118-122. [PMID: 28785444 PMCID: PMC5491011 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2015.1.2.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The foundation of treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is guideline-directed medical treatment. However, surgical revascularisation offers improved survival and quality of life for patients with more extensive coronary disease and the greatest degree of left ventricular systolic dysfunction and remodelling. The most commonly considered surgical interventions for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction are coronary artery bypass surgery, sometimes combined with surgical ventricular reconstruction and surgery for mitral regurgitation. In this review, the author considers the risks and benefits of coronary artery bypass graft versus percutaneous coronary intervention in the management of heart failure patients with multivessel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Pepper
- National Institute for Health Research, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
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Singh P, Sethi N, Kaur N, Kozman H. Revascularization in Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction: Does Myocardial Viability Even Matter? CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2015; 9:105-9. [PMID: 26157339 PMCID: PMC4485835 DOI: 10.4137/cmc.s18755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Left ventricular dysfunction is a powerful prognostic predictor in patients with coronary artery disease and increasing number of patients with CAD and ischemic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is a major clinical problem. Congestive heart failure is a frequent complication which is associated with significant health care costs and two-third of cases have ischemic cardiomyopathy. In such patients, coronary revascularization can lead to symptomatic and prognostic improvement and reversal of LV remodeling which led to the concept of viable myocardium to select patients in whom recovery of LV function and improvement of prognosis will outweigh the risk of surgical revascularization. The aim of this review article is to understand the different modalities for assessing myocardial viability and clinical impact of revascularization in relation to the evidence of viability in patients with LV dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pahul Singh
- Fellow in Cardiovascular disease, SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Nishant Sethi
- Fellow in Cardiovascular disease, SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Resident in Internal Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Hani Kozman
- Assistant Professor, Cardiovascular disease, SUNY Upstate Medical University Syracuse, NY, USA
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26
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Gatti G, Maschietto L, Dell'Angela L, Benussi B, Forti G, Dreas L, Soso P, Russo M, Sinagra G, Pappalardo A. Predictors of immediate and long-term outcomes of coronary bypass surgery in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Heart Vessels 2015; 31:1045-55. [PMID: 26174428 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-015-0714-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite encouraging improvements, outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the presence of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction remain poor. In the present study, the authors' experience on this subject was reviewed to establish the predictors of immediate and long-term results of surgery. Out of 4383 consecutive patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who underwent primary isolated CABG at the authors' institution from January 1999 throughout September 2014, 300 patients (mean age 66.1 ± 9.6 years) suffered preoperatively from LV dysfunction (defined as LV ejection fraction ≤35 %). The mean expected operative risk (EuroSCORE II) was 10.3 ± 13 %. Hospital deaths and perioperative complications were analyzed retrospectively. Outcomes were evaluated during a mean follow-up of 6.2 ± 4 years. None, one or both internal thoracic arteries (ITAs) were used in 6.3, 29 and 64.7 % of cases, respectively. There were 16 (5.3 %) hospital deaths. Prolonged invasive ventilation (17.7 %), acute kidney injury (14.7 %) and multiple blood transfusion (21.3 %) were the most frequent major postoperative complications. The 10-year non-parametric estimates of freedom from all-cause death, cardiac death, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) were 47.8 [95 % confidence interval (CI) 44.1-51.5], 65.3 (95 % CI 61.4-69.2), and 42.3 % (95 % CI 38.3-46.3), respectively. Shared predictors of decreased late survival and MACCEs were old age (P < 0.04), chronic lung disease (P < 0.01), chronic dialysis (P < 0.0001) and extracardiac arteriopathy (P < 0.045). After adjustment for corresponding risk factors, freedom from cardiac death was higher when both ITAs were used but only for patients with significant increase of LV ejection fraction early after surgery (P = 0.04). In patients with LV dysfunction, CABG may be performed with acceptable hospital mortality and long-term survival. Late outcomes depend mainly on preoperative characteristics of the patients. The use of both ITAs for myocardial revascularization may give long-term survival benefits but only for patients whose LV function improves significantly early after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gatti
- Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale di Cattinara, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, via P. Valdoni, 7, 34148, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Luca Maschietto
- Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale di Cattinara, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, via P. Valdoni, 7, 34148, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Dell'Angela
- Divisions of Cardiology, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Bernardo Benussi
- Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale di Cattinara, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, via P. Valdoni, 7, 34148, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriella Forti
- Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale di Cattinara, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, via P. Valdoni, 7, 34148, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorella Dreas
- Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale di Cattinara, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, via P. Valdoni, 7, 34148, Trieste, Italy
| | - Petar Soso
- Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale di Cattinara, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, via P. Valdoni, 7, 34148, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Russo
- Divisions of Cardiology, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Divisions of Cardiology, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Aniello Pappalardo
- Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale di Cattinara, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, via P. Valdoni, 7, 34148, Trieste, Italy
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A multidisciplinary approach to unplanned conversion from off-pump to on-pump beating heart coronary artery revascularization in patients with compromised left ventricular function. Crit Care Res Pract 2014; 2014:348021. [PMID: 25478216 PMCID: PMC4244953 DOI: 10.1155/2014/348021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To comparably assess the perioperative risk factors that differentiate off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) grafting cases from those sustaining unplanned conversion to on-pump beating heart (ONCAB/BH) approach, in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40%. Methods. Perioperative variables were retrospectively assessed in 216 patients with LVEF < 40%, who underwent myocardial revascularization with OPCAB (n = 171) or ONCAB/BH (n = 45) approach. The study endpoints were operative mortality (30-day) and morbidity assessed by length of intensive care unit stay (LOS-ICU), using 2 days as cut-off point. Results. Poor LVEF, increased EuroSCORE II, acute presentation, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, perioperative renal impairment, clinical status deterioration upon admission and during ICU stay, acute myocardial infarction, and low cardiac output syndrome supported by inotropes and/or balloon-pump counterpulsation were significantly related to ONCAB/BH group (P < 0.05). EuroSCORE II (P = 0.01) and LVEF (P = 0.03) were the most powerful discriminative predictors of intraoperative conversion to ONCAB/BH. Operative mortality was 2.9% in OPCAB and 6.6% in ONCAB/BH group (P = 0.224), while 23.4% participants in OPCAB and 42.2% in ONCAB/BH approach had a LOS-ICU > 2 days (P = 0.007). Conclusions. Patients with LVEF < 40% undergoing ONCAB/BH are subjected to more preoperative comorbidities and implicated ICU stay than their OPCAB counterparts, which influences adversely short-term morbidity, while operative mortality remains unaffected.
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Haxhibeqiri-Karabdic I, Hasanovic A, Kabil E, Straus S. Improvement of ejection fraction after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in patients with impaired left ventricular function. Med Arch 2014; 68:332-4. [PMID: 25568566 PMCID: PMC4269543 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2014.68.332-334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study evaluates our experience with aorto-coronary bypass grafting in patients with severe dysfunction of left ventricle (LV) and low ejection fraction-EF(<35%). Revascularization of myocardium in this settings remains contraversial because of concerns over morbidity, mortality and quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODES Forty patients with severe coronary artery disease and dysfunction of LV (low ejection fraction <35%) underwent coronary artery bypass grafting in period of 3 years. Preoperative diagnostic of 40 patients was consisted of anamnesis, clinical exam, non-invasive methods EHO, MR and invasive diagnostic methods-cateterization. The major indication for surgery was severe anginal pain, heart failure symptoms and low ejection fraction. Internal mammary artery was used in all operated patients. RESULTS Average age of patients who have been operated was 59,8. In the present study, 81,3% were male and 18,8% female. We found one-vessel disease present in 2,5% (1/40) of patients, two -vessel disease in 40% (16/40), three-vessel disease in 42,5% (17/40) and four -vessel disease in 15% (6/40) of patients. One bypass grafting we implanted in 2,5% patients, two bypasses in 42,5%, three bypasses in 45 5%, and four bypasses in 10% of patients. Left ventricular ejection fraction assessed preoperativly was 18%-27% and postoperatively was improved to 31, 08% in period of 30 days. CONCLUSION In patients with left ventricular dysfunction, coronary artery bypass grafting can be performed safely with improvement in quality of life and in left ventricular ejection fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aida Hasanovic
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Emir Kabil
- Heart Center, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Slavenka Straus
- Heart Center, Clinical Center of Sarajevo University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, Casey DE, Ganiats TG, Holmes DR, Jaffe AS, Jneid H, Kelly RF, Kontos MC, Levine GN, Liebson PR, Mukherjee D, Peterson ED, Sabatine MS, Smalling RW, Zieman SJ. 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients with Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64:e139-e228. [PMID: 25260718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2071] [Impact Index Per Article: 207.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, Casey DE, Ganiats TG, Holmes DR, Jaffe AS, Jneid H, Kelly RF, Kontos MC, Levine GN, Liebson PR, Mukherjee D, Peterson ED, Sabatine MS, Smalling RW, Zieman SJ. 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2014; 130:e344-426. [PMID: 25249585 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 628] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Parissis H, Ramesh BC, Al-Alao B. Off-pump coronary surgery: current justifications. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 62:660-70. [PMID: 25208659 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-014-0470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although the literature has failed to project an overall superiority of off-pump vs. on-pump surgery, nevertheless, small randomized control trials and large meta-analysis studies have concluded that the incidence of a stroke is less than 1 % when anaortic off-pump techniques are advocated in patients with diseased ascending aorta. Furthermore, off-pump techniques or their combination with hybrid procedures may lead to a reduction of adverse outcome in the aged high-risk population with concomitant poor left ventricular function and co-morbidities. However, despite this, controversy still exists among the cardiac surgery community in terms of the benefit of this technique and its safety; hence, off-pump is becoming out of fashion. In this review paper, by looking at a "marginal group of patients" (elderly, high risks, atherosclerotic aortas) we attempt to re-establish and justify this technique and re-invent its usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haralabos Parissis
- Cardiothoracic Department, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK,
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Cleland JG, Freemantle N. Revascularization for patients with heart failure. Inconsistencies between theory and practice. Eur J Heart Fail 2014; 13:694-7. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfr075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John G.F. Cleland
- Department of Cardiology; Hull York Medical School, Castle Hill Hospital, University of Hull; Daisy Building Cottingham Kingston-upon-Hull HU16 5JQ UK
| | - Nick Freemantle
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health; UCL Medical School; Rowland Hill Street London NW3 2PF UK
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34
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Moreyra AE, Deng Y, Wilson AC, Cosgrove NM, Kostis WJ, Kostis JB. Incidence and trends of heart failure admissions after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Eur J Heart Fail 2014; 15:46-53. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfs154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abel E. Moreyra
- Cardiovascular Institute of New Jersey and Department of Medicine; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; 125 Paterson Street New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA
| | - Yingzi Deng
- Cardiovascular Institute of New Jersey and Department of Medicine; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; 125 Paterson Street New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA
| | - Alan C. Wilson
- Cardiovascular Institute of New Jersey and Department of Medicine; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; 125 Paterson Street New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA
| | - Nora M. Cosgrove
- Cardiovascular Institute of New Jersey and Department of Medicine; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; 125 Paterson Street New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA
| | | | - John B. Kostis
- Cardiovascular Institute of New Jersey and Department of Medicine; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School; 125 Paterson Street New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA
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35
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Moe GW, Ezekowitz JA, O'Meara E, Howlett JG, Fremes SE, Al-Hesayen A, Heckman GA, Ducharme A, Estrella-Holder E, Grzeslo A, Harkness K, Lepage S, McDonald M, McKelvie RS, Nigam A, Rajda M, Rao V, Swiggum E, Virani S, Van Le V, Zieroth S, Arnold JMO, Ashton T, D'Astous M, Dorian P, Giannetti N, Haddad H, Isaac DL, Kouz S, Leblanc MH, Liu P, Ross HJ, Sussex B, White M. The 2013 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Heart Failure Management Guidelines Update: focus on rehabilitation and exercise and surgical coronary revascularization. Can J Cardiol 2013; 30:249-63. [PMID: 24480445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2013 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Heart Failure Management Guidelines Update provides focused discussions on the management recommendations on 2 topics: (1) exercise and rehabilitation; and (2) surgical coronary revascularization in patients with heart failure. First, all patients with stable New York Heart Association class I-III symptoms should be considered for enrollment in a tailored exercise training program, to improve exercise tolerance and quality of life. Second, selected patients with suitable coronary anatomy should be considered for bypass graft surgery. As in previous updates, the topics were chosen in response to stakeholder feedback. The 2013 Update also includes recommendations, values and preferences, and practical tips to assist the clinicians and health care workers manage their patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Moe
- St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Eileen O'Meara
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Steve E Fremes
- Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdul Al-Hesayen
- St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Anique Ducharme
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Adam Grzeslo
- Joseph Brant Memorial Hospital, Burlington, Ontario, Canada; Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Harkness
- Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Serge Lepage
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael McDonald
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert S McKelvie
- Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Miroslaw Rajda
- QE II Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Vivek Rao
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sean Virani
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vy Van Le
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Shelley Zieroth
- Cardiac Sciences Program, St Boniface General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Paul Dorian
- St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Simon Kouz
- Centre Hospitalier Régional de Lanaudière, Joliette, and Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Peter Liu
- Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heather J Ross
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bruce Sussex
- Health Sciences Centre, St John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Michel White
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: predictors of long-term survival and impact of surgical strategies. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:5316-22. [PMID: 23978366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the surgical management of ischemic cardiomyopathy, factors associated with long-term prognosis after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction are poorly understood. This study aimed to determine predictors of clinical outcomes in patients with severe LV dysfunction undergoing CABG. METHODS Out of 6084 patients who underwent CABG between 1997 and 2011, 476 patients (aged 62.6 ± 9.3 years, 100 females) were identified as having severe LV dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤ 35%), preoperatively. All-cause mortality and adverse cardiac events (myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, stroke and hospitalization due to cardiovascular causes) were evaluated during a median follow-up period of 55.2 months (inter-quartile range: 26.4-94.8 months). RESULTS During the follow-up, 187 patients (39.3%) died and 126 cardiac events occurred in 104 patients (21.8%). Five-year survival and event-free survival rates were 72.1 ± 2.2% and 61.3 ± 2.4%, respectively. On Cox-regression analysis, old age (P < 0.001), recent MI (P < 0.001), history of coronary stenting (P = 0.023), decreased glomerular filtration rate (P < 0.001), and presence of mitral regurgitation (≥moderate) (P = 0.012) or LV wall thinning (P = 0.007) emerged as significant and independent predictors of death. After adjustment for important covariates affecting outcomes, none of the pump strategy (off-pump vs. on-pump), concomitant mitral surgery or surgical ventricular reconstruction (SVR) affected survival or event-free survival (P = 0.082 to >0.99). CONCLUSIONS Long-term survival following CABG in patients with severe LV dysfunction was affected by age, renal function, recent MI, prior coronary stenting, and presence of mitral regurgitation or LV wall thinning. Neither concomitant mitral surgery nor SVR, however, had significant influence on clinical outcomes.
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Fukui T, Tabata M, Takanashi S. Long-term outcomes after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in left ventricular dysfunction. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013; 20:143-9. [PMID: 23518634 DOI: 10.5761/atcs.oa.12.02177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We assessed the long-term clinical, angiographic, and echocardiographic outcomes of patients with left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤40%) who underwent isolated off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS One hundred sixty one patients were included. Mean age was 67.2 ± 11.4 years, and 20 patients (12.4%) were female. Eighty-eight patients (54.7%) were New York Heart Association functional class 3 or 4. Early postoperative and follow-up angiography and echocardiography findings were analyzed, and mid-term survival rates (mean follow-up 40.7 ± 25.6 months) were calculated. RESULTS Mean number of distal anastomoses was 4.4 ± 1.3. Bilateral internal thoracic artery grafts were used in 84.5% of patients. Operative mortality was 2.5%. Early patency rate of anastomoses was 98.3%. Early postoperative ejection fraction improved from 33.1 ± 5.6% preoperatively to 36.9 ± 9.5% (p <0.001). Seven-year survival rate was 73.9 ± 5.3%, and freedom from cardiac events rate was 68.5 ± 5.2%. One-year patency rate of anastomoses was 85.8%. Follow-up ejection fraction was 39.1 ± 10.7% (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Early and long-term outcomes of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with left ventricular dysfunction were favorable, including early postoperative and follow-up patency rates of anastomoses and echocardiographic recovery of ejection fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Fukui
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sakakibara Heart Institute
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Shirani J. Is ischemia the most powerful indicator of myocardial viability? Curr Cardiol Rep 2013; 15:354. [PMID: 23512623 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-013-0354-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic symptomatic ischemic heart failure remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the adult. Recently, the utility of coronary revascularization in early management of patients with stable ischemic heart failure has come into question by several randomized clinical trials. Some of these studies have also challenged the notion that determination of the predominant state of the dysfunctional left ventricular myocardium (viable or scarred) may facilitate identification of patients who would benefit the most from revascularization. These prospective, randomized, multi-center trials have also exposed many of the practical impediments to conducting an ideal clinical investigation particularly in the context of increasingly recognized need for goal-directed and personalized approaches to management of ischemic heart disease. This review summarizes the present evidence for an ischemia-guided approach to evaluation and treatment of chronic ischemic heart disease with left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Shirani
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's University Health Network, 801 Ostrum Street, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA.
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Husain Q, Kanumuri VV, Svider PF, Radvansky BM, Boghani Z, Liu JK, Eloy JA. Sinonasal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 148:29-39. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599812464020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study reviews the published outcomes related to sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma (SNACC). Clinical presentation, radiographic diagnosis, pathology, treatment, and management outcomes of this uncommon disease are reported. Data Sources PubMed database. Methods A systematic review of studies for SNACC from 1960 to 2012 was conducted. A PubMed search for articles related to SNACC, along with bibliographies of those articles, was performed. Articles were examined for both individual patient data (IPD) and aggregate patient data (APD) that reported survivability. Demographics, disease site and spread, treatment strategies, follow-up, outcome, and survival were described for IPD, and a meta-analysis for survival rates was performed for APD. Results A total of 55 journal articles were included. Individual patient data were reported in 39 journal articles, comprising a total of 88 cases of SNACC. Sixteen articles, totaling 366 patients that reported aggregate 5-year survivorship pertaining to SNACC, were also included. Average follow-up in the IPD was 51.2 months (range, 1-198 months), and 5-year survivorship was 63.5%. In the studies reviewed, surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy was the most common therapy used and resulted in the highest percentage of survivors. Aggregate patient data meta-analysis revealed a 5-year survival rate of 62.5%. Conclusion This study contains the largest pool of SNACC patients to date. The data suggest that SNACC has a poor overall prognosis. It also suggests that surgery with postoperative radiotherapy is the most commonly used and may possibly be the most effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim Husain
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Vivek V. Kanumuri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Peter F. Svider
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Brian M. Radvansky
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Zain Boghani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - James K. Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jean Anderson Eloy
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey–New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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Ranasinghe I, Naoum C, Aliprandi-Costa B, Sindone AP, Steg PG, Elliott J, McGarity B, Lefkovits J, Brieger D. Management and outcomes following an acute coronary event in patients with chronic heart failure 1999-2007. Eur J Heart Fail 2012; 14:464-72. [PMID: 22499543 DOI: 10.1093/eurjhf/hfs041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The outcome of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) following an ischaemic event is poorly understood. We evaluated the management and outcomes of CHF patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and explored changes in outcomes over time. METHOD AND RESULTS A total of 5556 patients enrolled in the Australia-New Zealand population of the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) between 1999 and 2007 were included. Patients with CHF (n = 609) were compared with those without CHF (n = 4947). Patients with CHF were on average 10 years older, were more likely to be female, had more co-morbidities and cardiac risk factors, and were more likely to have a prior history of angina, myocardial infarction, and revascularization by coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) when compared with those without CHF. CHF was associated with a substantial increase in in-hospital renal failure [odds ratio (OR) 1.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-2.71], readmission post-discharge (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.17-1.90), and 6-month mortality (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.55-3.27). Over the 9 year study period, in-hospital and 6 month mortality in those with CHF declined by absolute rates of 7.5% and 14%, respectively. This was temporally associated with an increase in prescription of thienopyridines, beta-blockers, statins, and angiotensin II receptor blockers, increased rates of coronary angiography, and 31.8% absolute increase in referral rates for cardiac rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS Acute coronary syndrome patients with pre-existing CHF are a very high risk group and carry a disproportionate mortality burden. Encouragingly, there was a marked temporal improvement in outcomes over a 9 year period with an increase in evidence-based treatments and secondary preventative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isuru Ranasinghe
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital and The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Jarral OA, Saso S, Athanasiou T. Does off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery have a beneficial effect on mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2012; 14:856-64. [PMID: 22422876 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivs067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A best evidence topic was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB) offered any beneficial effect on mortality when compared with on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (ONCAB) in patients with left ventricular dysfunction (LVD). A total of 491 papers were found using the reported searches of which 17 represented the best evidence. The authors, date, journal, study type, outcome measures and results are tabulated. The 17 studies (only containing patients with LVD) comprised of one prospective randomized trial, one meta-analysis and 15 retrospective studies. The prospective trial associated the OPCAB technique with significantly lower in-hospital mortality. By comprising of seven studies and 1512 patients, the meta-analysis showed no significant difference in terms of operative mortality. Of the retrospective studies, all 15 compared short-term mortality (<30-day) of which four showed significantly lower mortality in the OPCAB group. Nine of the studies compared mid-term mortality (30 days to 5 years) with no significant difference detected and three of the studies compared long-term mortality (>5 years) with no significant difference detected. We conclude that there is limited evidence to associate the OPCAB technique with improved short-term mortality. The majority of the studies suffered from significant limitations such as containing data from operations carried out prior to the year 2000, a period when off-pump surgery was in its infancy. They frequently contained major differences in baseline characteristics with no specific inclusion/exclusion criteria, description of handling of patients converted from off-pump to bypass or reporting of myocardial viability and concomitant mitral regurgitation. Nine studies reported completeness of revascularization of which eight associated the OPCAB group with a poorer degree of revascularization making comparisons less valid. The lack of high-quality data indicates that prospective randomized trials are needed. The CRISP Trial ('Coronary artery grafting in high-risk patients randomized to off-pump or on-pump surgery') has recently been halted due to recruitment difficulties. The CORONARY ('Coronary artery bypass surgery off- or on-pump revascularization study') trial is a large international multicentre randomized study that is recruiting well and is likely to provide valuable information in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A Jarral
- Department of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, London, UK.
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Abstract
This article contains a review of the main developments in the field of geriatric cardiology reported during 2011. The principle focus is on research into the characteristics of elderly patients with heart failure, arrhythmias (e.g. into atrial fibrillation and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators), ischemic heart disease and percutaneous interventions.
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