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Huang Z, Wells JM, Fogliano V, Capuano E. Microbial tryptophan catabolism as an actionable target via diet-microbiome interactions. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38950607 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2369947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the role of microbial tryptophan (Trp) catabolism in host-microbiota crosstalk has become a major area of scientific interest. Microbiota-derived Trp catabolites positively contribute to intestinal and systemic homeostasis by acting as ligands of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and pregnane X receptor, and as signaling molecules in microbial communities. Accumulating evidence suggests that microbial Trp catabolism could be therapeutic targets in treating human diseases. A number of bacteria and metabolic pathways have been identified to be responsible for the conversion of Trp in the intestine. Interestingly, many Trp-degrading bacteria can benefit from the supplementation of specific dietary fibers and polyphenols, which in turn increase the microbial production of beneficial Trp catabolites. Thus, this review aims to highlight the emerging role of diets and food components, i.e., food matrix, fiber, and polyphenol, in modulating the microbial catabolism of Trp and discuss the opportunities for potential therapeutic interventions via specifically designed diets targeting the Trp-microbiome axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Huang
- Food Quality and Design Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jerry M Wells
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Edoardo Capuano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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2
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Gao S, Wang Y, Yuan S, Zuo J, Jin W, Shen Y, Grenier D, Yi L, Wang Y. Cooperation of quorum sensing and central carbon metabolism in the pathogenesis of Gram-positive bacteria. Microbiol Res 2024; 282:127655. [PMID: 38402726 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS), an integral component of bacterial communication, is essential in coordinating the collective response of diverse bacterial pathogens. Central carbon metabolism (CCM), serving as the primary metabolic hub for substances such as sugars, lipids, and amino acids, plays a crucial role in the life cycle of bacteria. Pathogenic bacteria often utilize CCM to regulate population metabolism and enhance the synthesis of specific cellular structures, thereby facilitating in adaptation to the host microecological environment and expediting infection. Research has demonstrated that QS can both directly or indirectly affect the CCM of numerous pathogenic bacteria, thus altering their virulence and pathogenicity. This article reviews the interplay between QS and CCM in Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, details the molecular mechanisms by which QS modulates CCM, and lays the groundwork for investigating bacterial pathogenicity and developing innovative infection treatment drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jing Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Wenjie Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yamin Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Li Yi
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China; College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Detection and Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Luoyang 471003, China.
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3
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Zhou G, Dong P, Luo X, Zhu L, Mao Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Combined effects of cold and acid on dual-species biofilms of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Listeria monocytogenes under simulated chilled beef processing conditions. Food Microbiol 2024; 117:104394. [PMID: 37919003 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Interactions across bacterial species boundaries are usually influenced by environmental stresses, yet little has been evaluated regarding multifactorial stresses on the fate of dual-species biofilm formation in food industry. In this study, the processing conditions of chilled beef were established as a combination of cold and acid stresses (4 °C and pH 5.4), with pH 7.0 or 25 °C serving as the controls, to investigate the interaction of dual-species biofilm between Pseudomonas fluorescens and Listeria monocytogenes. Dual-species biofilms significantly increased biofilm formation at 72 h under the condition of 25°C-pH7.0 and 25°C-pH5.4 (P < 0.05). Compared with mono-species biofilms, the cell numbers of L. monocytogenes in dual-species biofilms were lower at 25 °C (P < 0.05), however, the adherent cells of L. monocytogenes was higher in dual-species biofilms at 4 °C (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the amount of extracellular polysaccharides and proteins secreted by single P. fluorescens biofilms at 4 °C was more than three times than those at 25 °C. The surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy further profiled the variability of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) composition. Additionally, RT-qPCR results revealed an upregulation of biofilm-related and genes in co-culture species. It provides valuable insights into the strategies for removing mixed biofilms under diverse stressful conditions in practical food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Pengcheng Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xin Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Lixian Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yanwei Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yunge Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Yimin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China; National R&D Center for Beef Processing Technology, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
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4
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Cui B, Guo Q, Li X, Song S, Wang M, Wang G, Yan A, Zhou J, Deng Y. A response regulator controls Acinetobacter baumannii virulence by acting as an indole receptor. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad274. [PMID: 37649583 PMCID: PMC10465187 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Indole is an important signal employed by many bacteria to modulate intraspecies signaling and interspecies or interkingdom communication. Our recent study revealed that indole plays a key role in regulating the physiology and virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii. However, it is not clear how A. baumannii perceives and responds to the indole signal in modulating biological functions. Here, we report that indole controls the physiology and virulence of A. baumannii through a previously uncharacterized response regulator designated as AbiR (A1S_1394), which contains a cheY-homologous receiver (REC) domain and a helix-turn-helix (HTH) DNA-binding domain. AbiR controls the same biological functions as the indole signal, and indole-deficient mutant phenotypes were rescued by in trans expression of AbiR. Intriguingly, unlike other response regulators that commonly interact with signal ligands through the REC domain, AbiR binds to indole with a high affinity via an unusual binding region, which is located between its REC and HTH domains. This interaction substantially enhances the activity of AbiR in promoter binding and in modulation of target gene expression. Taken together, our results present a widely conserved regulator that controls bacterial physiology and virulence by sensing the indole signal in a unique mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Quan Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shihao Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Renmin Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Mingfang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Gerun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Aixin Yan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, University Road, Pok Fu Lam Estate, Central and Western District, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jianuan Zhou
- Integrative Microbiology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Wushan Street, Tianhe District Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yinyue Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Renmin Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
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Shaw C, Hess M, Weimer BC. Microbial-Derived Tryptophan Metabolites and Their Role in Neurological Disease: Anthranilic Acid and Anthranilic Acid Derivatives. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1825. [PMID: 37512997 PMCID: PMC10384668 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome provides the host access to otherwise indigestible nutrients, which are often further metabolized by the microbiome into bioactive components. The gut microbiome can also shift the balance of host-produced compounds, which may alter host health. One precursor to bioactive metabolites is the essential aromatic amino acid tryptophan. Tryptophan is mostly shunted into the kynurenine pathway but is also the primary metabolite for serotonin production and the bacterial indole pathway. Balance between tryptophan-derived bioactive metabolites is crucial for neurological homeostasis and metabolic imbalance can trigger or exacerbate neurological diseases. Alzheimer's, depression, and schizophrenia have been linked to diverging levels of tryptophan-derived anthranilic, kynurenic, and quinolinic acid. Anthranilic acid from collective microbiome metabolism plays a complex but important role in systemic host health. Although anthranilic acid and its metabolic products are of great importance for host-microbe interaction in neurological health, literature examining the mechanistic relationships between microbial production, host regulation, and neurological diseases is scarce and at times conflicting. This narrative review provides an overview of the current understanding of anthranilic acid's role in neurological health and disease, with particular focus on the contribution of the gut microbiome, the gut-brain axis, and the involvement of the three major tryptophan pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Shaw
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Matthias Hess
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bart C Weimer
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, 100K Pathogen Genome Project, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Huijboom L, Tempelaars M, Fan M, Zhu Y, Boeren S, van der Linden E, Abee T. l-tyrosine modulates biofilm formation of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104072. [PMID: 37080258 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus is a food-borne pathogen capable of producing biofilms. Following analysis of biofilm formation by B. cereus ATCC 14579 transposon mutants in defined medium (DM), a deletion mutant of bc2939 (Δbc2939) was constructed that showed decreased crystal violet biofilm staining and biofilm cell counts. In addition, Δbc2939 also produced smaller colony biofilms with lower cell counts and loss of wrinkly morphology. The bc2939 gene encodes for Prephenate dehydrogenase, which converts Prephenate to 4-Hydroxy-phenylpyruvate (4-HPPA) in the l-tyrosine branch of the Shikimate pathway. While growth of the mutant and WT in DM was similar, addition of l-tyrosine was required to restore WT-like (colony) biofilm formation. Comparative proteomics showed reduced expression of Tyrosine-protein kinase/phosphatase regulators and extracellular polysaccharide cluster 1 (EPS1) proteins, aerobic electron transfer chain cytochrome aa3/d quinol oxidases, and iso-chorismate synthase involved in menaquinone synthesis in DM grown mutant biofilm cells, while multiple oxidative stress-related catalases and superoxide dismutases were upregulated. Performance in shaking cultures showed a 100-fold lower concentration of menaquinone-7 and reduction in cell counts of DM grown Δbc2939 indicating increased oxygen sensitivity. Combining all results, points to an important role of Tyrosine-modulated EPS1 production and menaquinone-dependent aerobic respiration in B. cereus ATCC 14579 (colony) biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Huijboom
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Marcel Tempelaars
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Mingzhen Fan
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Yourong Zhu
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, 6708, WE, the Netherlands.
| | - Erik van der Linden
- Laboratory of Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Tjakko Abee
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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7
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Blachier F. Amino Acid-Derived Bacterial Metabolites in the Colorectal Luminal Fluid: Effects on Microbial Communication, Metabolism, Physiology, and Growth. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1317. [PMID: 37317289 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Undigested dietary and endogenous proteins, as well as unabsorbed amino acids, can move from the terminal part of the ileum into the large intestine, where they meet a dense microbial population. Exfoliated cells and mucus released from the large intestine epithelium also supply nitrogenous material to this microbial population. The bacteria in the large intestine luminal fluid release amino acids from the available proteins, and amino acids are then used for bacterial protein synthesis, energy production, and in other various catabolic pathways. The resulting metabolic intermediaries and end products can then accumulate in the colorectal fluid, and their concentrations appear to depend on different parameters, including microbiota composition and metabolic activity, substrate availability, and the capacity of absorptive colonocytes to absorb these metabolites. The aim of the present review is to present how amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites can affect microbial communication between both commensal and pathogenic microorganisms, as well as their metabolism, physiology, and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Blachier
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAe, UMR PNCA, 91120 Palaiseau, France
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8
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Marked inter-strain heterogeneity in the differential expression of some key stress response and virulence-related genes between planktonic and biofilm cells in Listeria monocytogenes. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 390:110136. [PMID: 36807004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a facultatively intracellular pathogenic bacterium that can provoke invasive listeriosis, a severe foodborne infection in humans. Outside the host, this is capable to survive for long periods in soil, and water, as well as on plants, while, like many other microorganisms, this can also attach to abiotic surfaces, such as food contact ones, forming biofilms on them. It has been suggested that inside those sessile communities, L. monocytogenes cells not only display an increased stress tolerance but may also boost their pathogenicity. In this work, the expression of ten key stress response and/or virulence-related genes (i.e., groEL, hly, iap, inlA, inlB, lisK, mdrD, mdrL, prfA, and sigB) was studied in three different L. monocytogenes strains (AAL20066, AAL20107, and PL24), all isolated from foods and each belonging to a different listeriosis-associated serovar (1/2a, 1/2b, and 1/2c, respectively). For this, each strain was initially left to develop a mature biofilm on a model polystyrene surface (Petri dish) by incubating for 144 h (6 days) at 20 °C in tryptone soya broth (with medium renewal every 48 h). Following incubation, both biofilm and the surrounding free-swimming (planktonic) cells were recovered, and their gene expressions were comparatively evaluated through targeted reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reactions (RT-qPCR). Results revealed a strain-dependent differential gene expression between the two cell types. Thus, for instance, in strain AAL20107 (ser. 1/2b) biofilm growth worryingly resulted in a significant overexpression of all the studied genes (P < 0.05), whereas in strain PL24 (ser. 1/2c), the expression of most genes (8/10) did not change upon biofilm growth, with only two of them (groEL and hly) being again significantly upregulated. Such transcriptomic strain variability in stress adaptation and/or virulence induction should be generally considered in the physiological studies of pathogenic biofilms and preferably upon designing and implementing novel and more efficient eradication methods.
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9
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Cui B, Chen X, Guo Q, Song S, Wang M, Liu J, Deng Y. The Cell-Cell Communication Signal Indole Controls the Physiology and Interspecies Communication of Acinetobacter baumannii. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0102722. [PMID: 35862954 PMCID: PMC9431217 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01027-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many bacteria utilize quorum sensing (QS) to control group behavior in a cell density-dependent manner. Previous studies have demonstrated that Acinetobacter baumannii employs an N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone (AHL)-based QS system to control biological functions and virulence. Here, we report that indole controls biological functions, virulence and AHL signal production in A. baumannii. The biosynthesis of indole is performed by A1S_3160 (AbiS, Acinetobacter baumannii indole synthase), which is a novel indole synthase annotated as an alpha/beta hydrolase in A. baumannii. Heterologous expression of AbiS in an Escherichia coli indole-deficient mutant also rescued the production of indole by using a distinct biosynthetic pathway from the tryptophanase TnaA, which produces indole directly from tryptophan in E. coli. Moreover, we revealed that indole from A. baumannii reduced the competitive fitness of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by inhibiting its QS systems and type III secretion system (T3SS). As A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa usually coexist in human lungs, our results suggest the crucial roles of indole in both the bacterial physiology and interspecies communication. IMPORTANCE Acinetobacter baumannii is an important human opportunistic pathogen that usually causes high morbidity and mortality. It employs the N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone (AHL)-type quorum sensing (QS) system, AbaI/AbaR, to regulate biological functions and virulence. In this study, we found that A. baumannii utilizes another QS signal, indole, to modulate biological functions and virulence. It was further revealed that indole positively controls the production of AHL signals by regulating abaI expression at the transcriptional levels. Furthermore, indole represses the QS systems and type III secretion system (T3SS) of P. aeruginosa and enhances the competitive ability of A. baumannii. Together, our work describes a QS signaling network where a pathogen uses to control the bacterial physiology and pathogenesis, and the competitive ability in microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiayu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Quan Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shihao Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingfang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingyun Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhengzhou Shuqing Medical College, Zhenzhou, China
| | - Yinyue Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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10
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Jayan H, Pu H, Sun DW. Detection of Bioactive Metabolites in Escherichia Coli Cultures Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 76:812-822. [PMID: 35255717 PMCID: PMC9277339 DOI: 10.1177/00037028221079661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Detection of bioactive metabolites produced by bacteria is important for identifying biomarkers for infectious diseases. In this study, a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based technique was developed for the detection of bioactive metabolite indole produced by Escherichia coli (E. coli) in biological media. The use of highly sensitive Au@Ag core-shell nanoparticles resulted in the detection of indole concentration as low as 0.0886 mM in standard solution. The supplementation of growth media with 5 mM of exogenous tryptophan resulted in the production of a maximum yield of indole of 3.139 mM by E. coli O157:H7 at 37 °C. The growth of bacterial cells was reduced from 47.73 × 108 to 1.033 × 106 CFU/mL when the cells were grown in 0 and 10 mM exogenous tryptophan, respectively. The amount of indole in the Luria-Bertani (LB) media had an inverse correlation with the growth of cells, which resulted in a three-log reduction in the colony-forming unit when the indole concentration in the media was 20 times higher than normal. This work demonstrates that SERS is an effective and highly sensitive method for rapid detection of bioactive metabolites in biological matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heera Jayan
- School of Food Science and
Engineering, South China University of
Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food
Engineering, South China University of Technology,
Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering and Technological
Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control
of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for
Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega
Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Pu
- School of Food Science and
Engineering, South China University of
Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food
Engineering, South China University of Technology,
Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering and Technological
Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control
of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for
Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega
Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and
Engineering, South China University of
Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Academy of Contemporary Food
Engineering, South China University of Technology,
Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China
- Engineering and Technological
Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control
of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for
Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega
Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Food Refrigeration and Computerized
Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dublin, National
University of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Production of Indole and Indole-Related Compounds by the Intestinal Microbiota and Consequences for the Host: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050930. [PMID: 35630374 PMCID: PMC9145683 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota metabolic activity towards the available substrates generates myriad bacterial metabolites that may accumulate in the luminal fluid. Among them, indole and indole-related compounds are produced by specific bacterial species from tryptophan. Although indole-related compounds are, first, involved in intestinal microbial community communication, these molecules are also active on the intestinal mucosa, exerting generally beneficial effects in different experimental situations. After absorption, indole is partly metabolized in the liver into the co-metabolite indoxyl sulfate. Although some anti-inflammatory actions of indole on liver cells have been shown, indoxyl sulfate is a well-known uremic toxin that aggravates chronic kidney disease, through deleterious effects on kidney cells. Indoxyl sulfate is also known to provoke endothelial dysfunction. Regarding the central nervous system, emerging research indicates that indole at excessive concentrations displays a negative impact on emotional behavior. The indole-derived co-metabolite isatin appears, in pre-clinical studies, to accumulate in the brain, modulating brain function either positively or negatively, depending on the doses used. Oxindole, a bacterial metabolite that enters the brain, has shown deleterious effects on the central nervous system in experimental studies. Lastly, recent studies performed with indoxyl sulfate report either beneficial or deleterious effects depending once again on the dose used, with missing information on the physiological concentrations that are reaching the central nervous system. Any intervention aiming at modulating indole and indole-related compound concentrations in the biological fluids should crucially take into account the dual effects of these compounds according to the host tissues considered.
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Zhou X, Liao Y. Gut-Lung Crosstalk in Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:779620. [PMID: 35003009 PMCID: PMC8733643 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.779620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are common acute and severe cases of the respiratory system with complicated pathogenesis and high mortality. Sepsis is the leading indirect cause of ALI/ARDS in the intensive care unit (ICU). The pathogenesis of septic ALI/ARDS is complex and multifactorial. In the development of sepsis, the disruption of the intestinal barrier function, the alteration of gut microbiota, and the translocation of the intestinal microbiome can lead to systemic and local inflammatory responses, which further alter the immune homeostasis in the systemic environment. Disruption of homeostasis may promote and propagate septic ALI/ARDS. In turn, when ALI occurs, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines and the shift of the lung microbiome may lead to the dysregulation of the intestinal microbiome and the disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier. Thus, the interaction between the lung and the gut can initiate and potentiate sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS. The gut–lung crosstalk may be a promising potential target for intervention. This article reviews the underlying mechanism of gut-lung crosstalk in septic ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of ICU/Emergency, Wuhan University, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Youxia Liao
- Department of ICU/Emergency, Wuhan University, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, China
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13
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Bacterial communication in the regulation of stress response in Listeria monocytogenes. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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Li Y, He Y, Wang W, Li X, Xu X, Liu X, Li C, Wu Z. Plant-beneficial functions and interactions of Bacillus subtilis SL-44 and Enterobacter cloacae Rs-2 in co-culture by transcriptomics analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:56333-56344. [PMID: 34053038 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of mixed microbial agents can reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture. However, most previous studies focused only on the overall effects of mixed microbial agents and ignored the interactions between bacteria in mixed systems. In this study, Bacillus subtilis SL-44 and Enterobacter cloacae Rs-2 were used to explore the interactions between two different functional plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The plant growth-promotion properties and inhibition rate of Rhizoctonia solani were determined, and the mechanism of the interactions under single and co-culture conditions was elucidated via transcriptomics analysis under single and co-culture conditions. Results showed that the co-culture was not conducive to B. subtilis SL-44 growth. Furthermore, the differentially expressed genes related to B. subtilis SL-44 developmental process and cell differentiation were downregulated by 82.7% and 84.8% respectively. Moreover, among the properties, only siderophore production by the mixed culture was higher than that of single cultures because of the upregulation of the siderophore-related genes of B. subtilis SL-44. In addition, results revealed the altruistic relationship between the two strains, and the chemical and non-chemical signals of their interaction. This study provides unique insights into PGPR interactions and offers guidance for the development and application of mixed microbial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui He
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueping Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhansheng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, People's Republic of China.
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, 710048, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Meza-Torres J, Auria E, Dupuy B, Tremblay YDN. Wolf in Sheep's Clothing: Clostridioides difficile Biofilm as a Reservoir for Recurrent Infections. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1922. [PMID: 34576818 PMCID: PMC8470499 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota inhabiting the intestinal tract provide several critical functions to its host. Microorganisms found at the mucosal layer form organized three-dimensional structures which are considered to be biofilms. Their development and functions are influenced by host factors, host-microbe interactions, and microbe-microbe interactions. These structures can dictate the health of their host by strengthening the natural defenses of the gut epithelium or cause disease by exacerbating underlying conditions. Biofilm communities can also block the establishment of pathogens and prevent infectious diseases. Although these biofilms are important for colonization resistance, new data provide evidence that gut biofilms can act as a reservoir for pathogens such as Clostridioides difficile. In this review, we will look at the biofilms of the intestinal tract, their contribution to health and disease, and the factors influencing their formation. We will then focus on the factors contributing to biofilm formation in C. difficile, how these biofilms are formed, and their properties. In the last section, we will look at how the gut microbiota and the gut biofilm influence C. difficile biofilm formation, persistence, and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin Meza-Torres
- Laboratoire Pathogenèse des Bactéries Anaérobies, Institut Pasteur, UMR-CNRS 2001, Université de Paris, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France; (J.M.-T.); (E.A.)
| | - Emile Auria
- Laboratoire Pathogenèse des Bactéries Anaérobies, Institut Pasteur, UMR-CNRS 2001, Université de Paris, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France; (J.M.-T.); (E.A.)
| | - Bruno Dupuy
- Laboratoire Pathogenèse des Bactéries Anaérobies, Institut Pasteur, UMR-CNRS 2001, Université de Paris, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France; (J.M.-T.); (E.A.)
| | - Yannick D. N. Tremblay
- Laboratoire Pathogenèse des Bactéries Anaérobies, Institut Pasteur, UMR-CNRS 2001, Université de Paris, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France; (J.M.-T.); (E.A.)
- Health Sciences Building, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
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16
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Yin J, Song Y, Hu Y, Wang Y, Zhang B, Wang J, Ji X, Wang S. Dose-Dependent Beneficial Effects of Tryptophan and Its Derived Metabolites on Akkermansia In Vitro: A Preliminary Prospective Study. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071511. [PMID: 34361945 PMCID: PMC8305782 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila, a potential probiotic, has been proven to lessen the effects of several diseases. As established, the relative abundance of Akkermansia is positively correlated with tryptophan metabolism. However, the reciprocal interaction between tryptophan and Akkemansia is still unclear. Herein, for the first time, the possible effects of tryptophan and its derived metabolites on A. muciniphila were preliminarily investigated, including growth, physiological function, and metabolism. Obtained results suggested that 0.4 g/L of tryptophan treatment could significantly promote the growth of A. muciniphila. Notably, when grown in BHI with 0.8 g/L of tryptophan, the hydrophobicity and adhesion of A. muciniphila were significantly improved, potentially due to the increase in the rate of cell division. Furthermore, A. muciniphila metabolized tryptophan to indole, indole-3-acetic acid, indole-3-carboxaldehyde, and indole-3-lactic acid. Indoles produced by gut microbiota could significantly promote the growth of A. muciniphila. These results could provide a valuable reference for future research on the relationship between tryptophan metabolism and A. muciniphila.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shuo Wang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-22-85358445
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17
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Doghri I, Cherifi T, Goetz C, Malouin F, Jacques M, Fravalo P. Counteracting Bacterial Motility: A Promising Strategy to Narrow Listeria monocytogenes Biofilm in Food Processing Industry. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:673484. [PMID: 34149663 PMCID: PMC8206544 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.673484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is often associated with processed food as it can form biofilms that represent a source of contamination at all stages of the manufacturing chain. The control and prevention of biofilms in food-processing plants are of utmost importance. This study explores the efficacy of prospect molecules for counteracting bacterial mechanisms leading to biofilm formation. The compounds included the phytomolecule tomatidine, zinc chloride (ZnCl2), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and a more complexed mixture of bacterial compounds from coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS exoproducts). Significant inhibition of L. monocytogenes biofilm formation was evidenced using a microfluidic system and confocal microscopic analyses (p < 0.001). Active molecules were effective at an early stage of biofilm development (≥50% of inhibition) but failed to disperse mature biofilms of L. monocytogenes. According to our findings, prevention of surface attachment was associated with a disruption of bacterial motility. Indeed, agar cell motility assays demonstrated the effectiveness of these molecules. Overall, results highlighted the critical role of motility in biofilm formation and allow to consider flagellum-mediated motility as a promising molecular target in control strategies against L. monocytogenes in food processing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtissem Doghri
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,Regroupement de Recherche pour un Lait de Qualité Optimale (Op+Lait), Montreal, QC, Cananda
| | - Tamazight Cherifi
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,Chaire de Recherche en Salubrité des Viandes (CRSV), Montreal, QC, Cananda
| | - Coralie Goetz
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,Regroupement de Recherche pour un Lait de Qualité Optimale (Op+Lait), Montreal, QC, Cananda
| | - François Malouin
- Regroupement de Recherche pour un Lait de Qualité Optimale (Op+Lait), Montreal, QC, Cananda.,Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Mario Jacques
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,Regroupement de Recherche pour un Lait de Qualité Optimale (Op+Lait), Montreal, QC, Cananda
| | - Philippe Fravalo
- Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,Chaire de Recherche en Salubrité des Viandes (CRSV), Montreal, QC, Cananda
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Evaluation of the Mechanisms Underlying Amino Acid and Microbiota Interactions in Intestinal Infections Using Germ-Free Animals. INFECTIOUS MICROBES AND DISEASES 2021. [DOI: 10.1097/im9.0000000000000060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Gargaro M, Manni G, Scalisi G, Puccetti P, Fallarino F. Tryptophan Metabolites at the Crossroad of Immune-Cell Interaction via the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor: Implications for Tumor Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094644. [PMID: 33924971 PMCID: PMC8125364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a critical regulator of both innate and adaptive immune responses, with potent immunomodulatory effects that makes this receptor an attractive molecular target for novel therapeutics. Accumulating evidence indicates that diverse—both host’s and microbial—tryptophan metabolites profoundly regulate the immune system in the host via AhR, promoting either tolerance or immunity, largely as a function of the qualitative and quantitative nature of the metabolites being contributed by either source. Additional findings indicate that host and microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolic pathways can influence the outcome of immune responses to tumors. Here, we review recent studies on the role and modalities of AhR activation by various ligands, derived from either host-cell or microbial-cell tryptophan metabolic pathways, in the regulation of immune responses. Moreover, we highlight potential implications of those ligands and pathways in tumor immunotherapy, with particular relevance to checkpoint-blockade immune intervention strategies.
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20
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Sipos A, Ujlaki G, Mikó E, Maka E, Szabó J, Uray K, Krasznai Z, Bai P. The role of the microbiome in ovarian cancer: mechanistic insights into oncobiosis and to bacterial metabolite signaling. Mol Med 2021; 27:33. [PMID: 33794773 PMCID: PMC8017782 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00295-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is characterized by dysbiosis, referred to as oncobiosis in neoplastic diseases. In ovarian cancer, oncobiosis was identified in numerous compartments, including the tumor tissue itself, the upper and lower female genital tract, serum, peritoneum, and the intestines. Colonization was linked to Gram-negative bacteria with high inflammatory potential. Local inflammation probably participates in the initiation and continuation of carcinogenesis. Furthermore, local bacterial colonies in the peritoneum may facilitate metastasis formation in ovarian cancer. Vaginal infections (e.g. Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis) increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Bacterial metabolites, produced by the healthy eubiome or the oncobiome, may exert autocrine, paracrine, and hormone-like effects, as was evidenced in breast cancer or pancreas adenocarcinoma. We discuss the possible involvement of lipopolysaccharides, lysophosphatides and tryptophan metabolites, as well as, short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids and polyamines in the carcinogenesis of ovarian cancer. We discuss the applicability of nutrients, antibiotics, and probiotics to harness the microbiome and support ovarian cancer therapy. The oncobiome and the most likely bacterial metabolites play vital roles in mediating the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Finally, we discuss the potential of oncobiotic changes as biomarkers for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer and microbial metabolites as possible adjuvant agents in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Gyula Ujlaki
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Eszter Maka
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Judit Szabó
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Karen Uray
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Zoárd Krasznai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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