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Fu B, Ying J, Chen Q, Zhang Q, Lu J, Zhu Z, Yu P. Enhancing the biosynthesis of riboflavin in the recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 strain by metabolic engineering. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1111790. [PMID: 36726568 PMCID: PMC9885008 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1111790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, to construct the riboflavin-producing strain R1, five key genes, ribA, ribB, ribC, ribD, and ribE, were cloned and ligated to generate the plasmid pET-AE, which was overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The R1 strain accumulated 182.65 ± 9.04 mg/l riboflavin. Subsequently, the R2 strain was constructed by the overexpression of zwf harboring the constructed plasmid pAC-Z in the R1 strain. Thus, the level of riboflavin in the R2 strain increased to 319.01 ± 20.65 mg/l (74.66% increase). To further enhance ribB transcript levels and riboflavin production, the FMN riboswitch was deleted from E. coli BL21 with CRISPR/Cas9 to generate the R3 strain. The R4 strain was constructed by cotransforming pET-AE and pAC-Z into the R3 strain. Compared to those of E. coli BL21, the ribB transcript levels of R2 and R4 improved 2.78 and 3.05-fold, respectively. The R4 strain accumulated 437.58 ± 14.36 mg/l riboflavin, increasing by 37.17% compared to the R2 strain. These results suggest that the deletion of the FMN riboswitch can improve the transcript level of ribB and facilitate riboflavin production. A riboflavin titer of 611.22 ± 11.25 mg/l was achieved under the optimal fermentation conditions. Ultimately, 1574.60 ± 109.32 mg/l riboflavin was produced through fed-batch fermentation with 40 g/l glucose. This study contributes to the industrial production of riboflavin by the recombinant E. coli BL21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Fu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,College of Forestry Science and Technology, Lishui Vocational and Technical College, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junhui Ying
- College of Forestry Science and Technology, Lishui Vocational and Technical College, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingwei Chen
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qili Zhang
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiajie Lu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Yu
- College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Ping Yu,
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2
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Xue C, Ng IS. A direct enzymatic evaluation platform (DEEP) to fine-tuning pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent proteins for cadaverine production. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:272-283. [PMID: 36271696 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (pyridoxal phosphate, PLP) is an essential cofactor for multiple enzymatic reactions in industry. However, cofactor engineering based on PLP regeneration and related to the performance of enzymes in chemical production has rarely been discussed. First, we found that MG1655 strain was sensitive to nitrogen source and relied on different amino acids, thus the biomass was significantly reduced when PLP excess in the medium. Then, the six KEIO collection strains were applied to find out the prominent gene in deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) pathway, where pdxB was superior in controlling cell growth. Therefore, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi) targeted on pdxB in MG1655 was employed to establish a novel direct enzymatic evaluation platform (DEEP) as a high-throughput tool and obtained the optimal modules for incorporating of PLP to enhance the biomass and activity of PLP-dependent enzymes simultaneously. As a result, the biomass has increased by 55% using PlacI promoter driven pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase (PdxH) with a trace amount of precursor. When the strains incorporated DEEP and lysine decarboxylase (CadA), the cadaverine productivity was increased 32% due to the higher expression of CadA. DEEP is not only feasible for high-throughput screening of the best chassis for PLP engineering but also practical in fine-tuning the quantity and quality of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Xue
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Son Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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3
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Han B, Dai Z, Li Z. Computer-Based Design of a Cell Factory for High-Yield Cytidine Production. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:4123-4133. [PMID: 36442151 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pyrimidine ribonucleotide de novo biosynthesis pathway (PRdnBP) is an important pathway to produce pyrimidine nucleosides. We attempted to systematically investigate PRdnBP in Escherichia coli with genome-scale metabolic models and utilized the models to guide strain design. The balance of central carbon metabolism and PRdnBP affected the production of cytidine from glucose. Using Bayesian metabolic flux analysis, the effect of modified PRdnBP on the metabolic network was analyzed. The acetate overflow became coupled with PRdnBP flux, while they were originally independent under oxygen-sufficient conditions. The coupling between cytidine production and acetate secretion in the modified strain was weakened by arcA deletion, which resulted in further improving the efficient accumulation of cytidine. In total, 1.28 g/L of cytidine with a yield of 0.26 g/g glucose was produced. The yield of cytidine produced by E. coli is higher than previous reports. Our strategy provides an effective attempt to find metabolic bottlenecks in genetically engineered bacteria by using flux coupling analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai200237, China
| | - Zeyu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai200237, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai200237, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai200237, China
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4
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Novakova Z, Khuntsaria D, Gresova M, Mikesova J, Havlinova B, Shukla S, Kolarova L, Vesela K, Martasek P, Barinka C. Heterologous expression and purification of recombinant human protoporphyrinogen oxidase IX: A comparative study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259837. [PMID: 34793488 PMCID: PMC8601502 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human protoporphyrinogen oxidase IX (hPPO) is an oxygen-dependent enzyme catalyzing the penultimate step in the heme biosynthesis pathway. Mutations in the enzyme are linked to variegate porphyria, an autosomal dominant metabolic disease. Here we investigated eukaryotic cells as alternative systems for heterologous expression of hPPO, as the use of a traditional bacterial-based system failed to produce several clinically relevant hPPO variants. Using bacterially-produced hPPO, we first analyzed the impact of N-terminal tags and various detergent on hPPO yield, and specific activity. Next, the established protocol was used to compare hPPO constructs heterologously expressed in mammalian HEK293T17 and insect Hi5 cells with prokaryotic overexpression. By attaching various fusion partners at the N- and C-termini of hPPO we also evaluated the influence of the size and positioning of fusion partners on expression levels, specific activity, and intracellular targeting of hPPO fusions in mammalian cells. Overall, our results suggest that while enzymatically active hPPO can be heterologously produced in eukaryotic systems, the limited availability of the intracellular FAD co-factor likely negatively influences yields of a correctly folded protein making thus the E.coli a system of choice for recombinant hPPO overproduction. At the same time, PPO overexpression in eukaryotic cells might be preferrable in cases when the effects of post-translational modifications (absent in bacteria) on target protein functions are studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zora Novakova
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Daria Khuntsaria
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Gresova
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Mikesova
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Havlinova
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Shivam Shukla
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Kolarova
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Vesela
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Martasek
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Cyril Barinka
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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5
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You J, Pan X, Yang C, Du Y, Osire T, Yang T, Zhang X, Xu M, Xu G, Rao Z. Microbial production of riboflavin: Biotechnological advances and perspectives. Metab Eng 2021; 68:46-58. [PMID: 34481976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin is an essential nutrient for humans and animals, and its derivatives flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are cofactors in the cells. Therefore, riboflavin and its derivatives are widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmetic industries. Advances in biotechnology have led to a complete shift in the commercial production of riboflavin from chemical synthesis to microbial fermentation. In this review, we provide a comprehensive review of biotechnologies that enhance riboflavin production in microorganisms, as well as representative examples. Firstly, the synthesis pathways and metabolic regulatory processes of riboflavin in microorganisms; and the current strategies and methods of metabolic engineering for riboflavin production are systematically summarized and compared. Secondly, the using of systematic metabolic engineering strategies to enhance riboflavin production is discussed, including laboratory evolution, histological analysis and high-throughput screening. Finally, the challenges for efficient microbial production of riboflavin and the strategies to overcome these challenges are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia You
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xuewei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yuxuan Du
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Tolbert Osire
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Taowei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Meijuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, United States; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of the Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Applied Microorganisms and Metabolic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Zhao G, Dong F, Lao X, Zheng H. Strategies to Increase the Production of Biosynthetic Riboflavin. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:909-918. [PMID: 34156642 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin is widely regarded as an essential nutrient that is involved in biological oxidation in vivo. In addition to preventing and treating acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in patients with keratitis, stomatitis, and glossitis, riboflavin is also closely related to the treatment of radiation mucositis and cardiovascular disease. Chemical synthesis has been the dominant method for producing riboflavin for approximately 50 years. Nevertheless, due to the intricate synthesis process, relatively high cost, and high risk of pollution, alternative methods of chemical syntheses, such as the fermentation method, began to develop and eventually became the main methods for producing riboflavin. At present, there are three types of strains used in industrial riboflavin production: Ashbya gossypii, Candida famata, and Bacillus subtilis. Additionally, many recent studies have been conducted on Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus. Fermentation increases the yield of riboflavin using genetic engineering technology to modify and induce riboflavin production in the strain, as well as to regulate the metabolic flux of the purine pathway and pentose phosphate pathway (PP pathway), thereby optimizing the culture process. This article briefly introduces recent progress in the fermentation of riboflavin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiling Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanyi Dong
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingzhen Lao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Heng Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Riboflavin instability is a key factor underlying the requirement of a gut microbiota for mosquito development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2101080118. [PMID: 33827929 PMCID: PMC8053949 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2101080118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously determined that several diets used to rear Aedes aegypti and other mosquito species support the development of larvae with a gut microbiota but do not support the development of axenic larvae. In contrast, axenic larvae have been shown to develop when fed other diets. To understand the mechanisms underlying this dichotomy, we developed a defined diet that could be manipulated in concert with microbiota composition and environmental conditions. Initial studies showed that axenic larvae could not grow under standard rearing conditions (27 °C, 16-h light: 8-h dark photoperiod) when fed a defined diet but could develop when maintained in darkness. Downstream assays identified riboflavin decay to lumichrome as the key factor that prevented axenic larvae from growing under standard conditions, while gut community members like Escherichia coli rescued development by being able to synthesize riboflavin. Earlier results showed that conventional and gnotobiotic but not axenic larvae exhibit midgut hypoxia under standard rearing conditions, which correlated with activation of several pathways with essential growth functions. In this study, axenic larvae in darkness also exhibited midgut hypoxia and activation of growth signaling but rapidly shifted to midgut normoxia and arrested growth in light, which indicated that gut hypoxia was not due to aerobic respiration by the gut microbiota but did depend on riboflavin that only resident microbes could provide under standard conditions. Overall, our results identify riboflavin provisioning as an essential function for the gut microbiota under most conditions A. aegypti larvae experience in the laboratory and field.
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Mendler A, Geier F, Haange SB, Pierzchalski A, Krause JL, Nijenhuis I, Froment J, Jehmlich N, Berger U, Ackermann G, Rolle-Kampczyk U, von Bergen M, Herberth G. Mucosal-associated invariant T-Cell (MAIT) activation is altered by chlorpyrifos- and glyphosate-treated commensal gut bacteria. J Immunotoxicol 2020; 17:10-20. [PMID: 31909636 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2019.1706672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T-cells (MAIT) can react to metabolites of the vitamins riboflavin and folate which are produced by the human gut microbiota. Since several studies showed that the pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) and glyphosate (GLP) can impair the gut microbiota, the present study was undertaken to investigate the impact of CPF and GLP treatment on the metabolism of gut microbiota and the resulting bacteria-mediated modulation of MAIT cell activity. Here, Bifidobacterium adolescentis (B. adolescentis), Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri), and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were treated with CPF (50-200 µM) or GLP (75-300 mg/L) and then used in MAIT cell stimulation assays as well as in vitamin and proteome analyses. All three bacteria were nonpathogenic and chosen as representatives of a healthy human gut microflora. The results showed that E. coli activated MAIT cells whereas B. adolescentis and L. reuteri inhibited MAIT cell activation. CPF treatment significantly increased E. coli-mediated MAIT cell activation. Treatment of B. adolescentis and L. reuteri with CPF and GLP weakened the inhibition of MAIT cell activation. Riboflavin and folate production by the test bacteria was influenced by CPF treatment, whereas GLP had only minor effects. Proteomic analysis of CPF-treated E. coli revealed changes in the riboflavin and folate biosynthesis pathways. The findings here suggest that the metabolism of the analyzed bacteria could be altered by exposure to CPF and GLP, leading to an increased pro-inflammatory immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Mendler
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florian Geier
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven-Bastiaan Haange
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arkadiusz Pierzchalski
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jannike Lea Krause
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivonne Nijenhuis
- Department of Isotope Biogeo-chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jean Froment
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Jehmlich
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Urs Berger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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9
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Averianova LA, Balabanova LA, Son OM, Podvolotskaya AB, Tekutyeva LA. Production of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) by Microorganisms: An Overview. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:570828. [PMID: 33304888 PMCID: PMC7693651 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.570828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin is a crucial micronutrient that is a precursor to coenzymes flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide, and it is required for biochemical reactions in all living cells. For decades, one of the most important applications of riboflavin has been its global use as an animal and human nutritional supplement. Being well-informed of the latest research on riboflavin production via the fermentation process is necessary for the development of new and improved microbial strains using biotechnology and metabolic engineering techniques to increase vitamin B2 yield. In this review, we describe well-known industrial microbial producers, namely, Ashbya gossypii, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida spp. and summarize their biosynthetic pathway optimizations through genetic and metabolic engineering, combined with random chemical mutagenesis and rational medium components to increase riboflavin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila A. Averianova
- Department of Bioeconomy and Food Security, School of Economics and Management, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Larissa A. Balabanova
- Department of Bioeconomy and Food Security, School of Economics and Management, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
- Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Oksana M. Son
- Department of Bioeconomy and Food Security, School of Economics and Management, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
- ARNIKA, Territory of PDA Nadezhdinskaya, Primorsky Krai, Russia
| | - Anna B. Podvolotskaya
- Department of Bioeconomy and Food Security, School of Economics and Management, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
- ARNIKA, Territory of PDA Nadezhdinskaya, Primorsky Krai, Russia
| | - Liudmila A. Tekutyeva
- Department of Bioeconomy and Food Security, School of Economics and Management, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
- ARNIKA, Territory of PDA Nadezhdinskaya, Primorsky Krai, Russia
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Xue C, Hsu KM, Ting WW, Huang SF, Lin HY, Li SF, Chang JS, Ng IS. Efficient biotransformation of l-lysine into cadaverine by strengthening pyridoxal 5’-phosphate-dependent proteins in Escherichia coli with cold shock treatment. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Li Y, Liu B, Guo J, Cong H, He S, Zhou H, Zhu F, Wang Q, Zhang L. L-Tryptophan represses persister formation via inhibiting bacterial motility and promoting antibiotics absorption. Future Microbiol 2019; 14:757-771. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The bacterial persisters have emerged as a huge threat to human health. Here, we investigated the role of L-tryptophan in bacterial persister killing by aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs). Materials & methods: The relevance to the antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli including transcriptional sequencing, gene expression, intracellular ATP, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD/NADH), reactive oxygen species and membrane depolarization were determined. Results & conclusion: We found that exogenous L-tryptophan efficiently inhibited AGs-enabled persisters. The flagellar genes were almost significantly downregulated. Besides, the AGs uptake was obviously increased as the result of elevation in proton motive force (PMF) in response to L-tryptophan-mediated NADH production. Taken together, these data supported a novel role of L-tryptophan in eradicating AGs persisters against E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Guo
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hua Cong
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shenyi He
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huaiyu Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Faliang Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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12
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Integrated Optimization of the In Vivo Heme Biosynthesis Pathway and the In Vitro Iron Concentration for 5-Aminolevulinate Production. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:1252-62. [PMID: 26637361 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1942-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a nonprotein amino acid that has been widely used in many fields. In this study, we developed a new process for ALA production by optimizing the in vivo heme biosynthesis pathway and the iron concentration during cultivation. With the addition of iron, co-overexpression of the heme synthesis pathway genes hemA, hemL, hemF, and hemD significantly increased the accumulation of ALA and cell biomass. Further experiments demonstrated that the increased ALA accumulation resulted from moderate repression of ALA dehydratase (encoded by hemB), which was caused by hemF overexpression. After the addition of an optimized concentration (7.5 mg/L) of iron, ALA production by the recombinant Escherichia coli LADF-6 strain that overexpressed hemA, hemL, hemD, and hemF increased to 2840 mg/L in flask cultures. After applying a batch fermentation strategy, the ALA concentration increased to 4.05 g/L, with a productivity of 0.127 g/L·h. The results showed that the moderate repression of the in vivo heme pathway enzyme ALA dehydratase and the simultaneous optimization of the in vitro iron ion concentration served to increase the production of ALA and cell biomass.
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