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Efremenko E, Stepanov N, Senko O, Maslova O, Lyagin I, Domnin M, Aslanli A. "Stop, Little Pot" as the Motto of Suppressive Management of Various Microbial Consortia. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1650. [PMID: 39203492 PMCID: PMC11356704 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The unresolved challenges in the development of highly efficient, stable and controlled synthetic microbial consortia, as well as the use of natural consortia, are very attractive for science and technology. However, the consortia management should be done with the knowledge of how not only to accelerate but also stop the action of such "little pots". Moreover, there are a lot of microbial consortia, the activity of which should be suppressively controlled. The processes, catalyzed by various microorganisms being in complex consortia which should be slowed down or completely cancelled, are typical for the environment (biocorrosion, landfill gas accumulation, biodegradation of building materials, water sources deterioration etc.), industry (food and biotechnological production), medical practice (vaginitis, cystitis, intestinal dysbiosis, etc.). The search for ways to suppress the functioning of heterogeneous consortia in each of these areas is relevant. The purpose of this review is to summarize the general trends in these studies regarding the targets and new means of influence used. The analysis of the features of the applied approaches to solving the main problem confirms the possibility of obtaining a combined effect, as well as selective influence on individual components of the consortia. Of particular interest is the role of viruses in suppressing the functioning of microbial consortia of different compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia (O.S.)
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Citrus sinensis Essential Oils an Innovative Antioxidant and Antipathogenic Dual Strategy in Food Preservation against Spoliage Bacteria. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020246. [PMID: 36829805 PMCID: PMC9952847 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluates the chemical compositions and antioxidant and antipathogenic properties of commercial orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) essential oils obtained using the cold-press method (EOP) and the cold-press method followed by steam distillation (EOPD). The chemical compositions of the volatilizable fractions, determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, were similar in both samples. A relatively large amount of γ-terpinene was found in the EOPD (1.75%) as compared to the EOP (0.84%). Monoterpene hydrocarbons with limonene (90.4-89.8%) followed by myrcene (3.2-3.1%) as the main compounds comprised the principal phytochemical group. The non-volatile phenolics were eight times higher in the EOP than in the EOPD. Several assays with different specificity levels were used to study the antioxidant activity. Although both essential oils presented similar reducing capacities, the radical elimination ability was higher for the EOP. Regarding the antipathogenic properties, the EOs inhibited the biomass and cell viability of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Furthermore, both EOs similarly attenuated the production of elastase, pyocyanin, and quorum-sensing autoinducers as assessed using Gram-negative bacteria. The EOP and EOPD showed important antioxidant and antipathogenic properties, so they could represent natural alternatives to extend the shelf life of food products by preventing oxidation and contamination caused by microbial spoilage.
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Anju VT, Busi S, Imchen M, Kumavath R, Mohan MS, Salim SA, Subhaswaraj P, Dyavaiah M. Polymicrobial Infections and Biofilms: Clinical Significance and Eradication Strategies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121731. [PMID: 36551388 PMCID: PMC9774821 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are population of cells growing in a coordinated manner and exhibiting resistance towards hostile environments. The infections associated with biofilms are difficult to control owing to the chronicity of infections and the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Most microbial infections are contributed by polymicrobial or mixed species interactions, such as those observed in chronic wound infections, otitis media, dental caries, and cystic fibrosis. This review focuses on the polymicrobial interactions among bacterial-bacterial, bacterial-fungal, and fungal-fungal aggregations based on in vitro and in vivo models and different therapeutic interventions available for polymicrobial biofilms. Deciphering the mechanisms of polymicrobial interactions and microbial diversity in chronic infections is very helpful in anti-microbial research. Together, we have discussed the role of metagenomic approaches in studying polymicrobial biofilms. The outstanding progress made in polymicrobial research, especially the model systems and application of metagenomics for detecting, preventing, and controlling infections, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V T Anju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Siddhardha Busi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Madangchanok Imchen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kerala 671316, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Mahima S. Mohan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Simi Asma Salim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Pattnaik Subhaswaraj
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Burla, Sambalpur 768019, India
| | - Madhu Dyavaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
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Effects of Thymus vulgaris and Cinnamomum verum Essential Oils on bap and ica Gene Expression in Staphylococcus aureus. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid-122410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus can cause a variety of infectious diseases, mainly due to its ability to shift between the planktonic and the biofilm lifestyle. Biofilm infections present a serious problem in human medicine. Biofilm-associated protein (bap) and intercellular adhesin (ica) genes are involved in biofilm formation. Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of Thymus vulgaris and Cinnamomum verum essential oils on biofilm formation and expression of icaA, icaD, and bap genes in S. aureus strains. Methods: A total of 20 strains of S. aureus were isolated from the urine of patients. The susceptibility test was performed to determine the effect of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of thyme and cinnamon essential oils on strains by broth dilution method. The expression of icaA and icaD genes was determined by measuring the cognate messenger ribonucleic acid level using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The biofilm formation of strains after treatment with the MIC of thyme essential oil was observed as 40% weak and 60% negative biofilms, and with the MIC of cinnamon essential oil as 25% strong and 75% moderate biofilms. Real-time PCR demonstrated that 60% of S. aureus strains treated with thyme and cinnamon essential oils showed a decrease in icaA gene expression. Moreover, 55% and 70% of the strains treated with thyme and cinnamon essential oils had reduced icaD gene expression, respectively. None of the strains of S. aureus had a bap gene. Conclusions: The present study showed that thyme and cinnamon essential oils reduce the expression of icaA and icaD genes, and cinnamon essential oil is more effective than thyme essential oil.
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Zuzarte M, Salgueiro L. Essential Oils in Respiratory Mycosis: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134140. [PMID: 35807386 PMCID: PMC9268412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory mycosis is a major health concern, due to the expanding population of immunosuppressed and immunocompromised patients and the increasing resistance to conventional antifungals and their undesired side-effects, thus justifying the development of new therapeutic strategies. Plant metabolites, namely essential oils, represent promising preventive/therapeutic strategies due to their widely reported antifungal potential. However, regarding fungal infections of the respiratory tract, information is disperse and no updated compilation on current knowledge is available. Therefore, the present review aims to gather and systematize relevant information on the antifungal effects of several essential oils and volatile compounds against the main type of respiratory mycosis that impact health care systems. Particular attention is paid to Aspergillus fumigatus, the main pathogen involved in aspergillosis, Candida auris, currently emerging as a major pathogen in certain parts of the world, and Cryptococcus neoformans, one of the main pathogens involved in pulmonary cryptococcosis. Furthermore, the main mechanisms of action underlying essential oils’ antifungal effects and current limitations in clinical translation are presented. Overall, essential oils rich in phenolic compounds seem to be very effective but clinical translation requires more comprehensive in vivo studies and human trials to assess the efficacy and tolerability of these compounds in respiratory mycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Zuzarte
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Khan F, Kang MG, Jo DM, Chandika P, Jung WK, Kang HW, Kim YM. Phloroglucinol-Gold and -Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Antibiofilm and Antivirulence Activities towards Pseudomonasaeruginosa PAO1. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:601. [PMID: 34822472 PMCID: PMC8624799 DOI: 10.3390/md19110601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advancement of nanotechnology, several nanoparticles have been synthesized as antimicrobial agents by utilizing biologically derived materials. In most cases, the materials used for the synthesis of nanoparticles from natural sources are extracts. Natural extracts contain a wide range of bioactive components, making it difficult to pinpoint the exact component responsible for nanoparticle synthesis. Furthermore, the bioactive component present in the extract changes according to numerous environmental factors. As a result, the current work intended to synthesize gold (AuNPs) and zinc oxide (ZnONPs) nanoparticles using pure phloroglucinol (PG). The synthesized PG-AuNPs and PG-ZnONPs were characterized using a UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometer, FTIR, DLS, FE-TEM, zeta potential, EDS, and energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction. The characterized PG-AuNPs and PG-ZnONPs have been employed to combat the pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa is recognized as one of the most prevalent pathogens responsible for the common cause of nosocomial infection in humans. Antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa has been linked to the development of recalcitrant phenotypic characteristics, such as biofilm, which has been identified as one of the major obstacles to antimicrobial therapy. Furthermore, P. aeruginosa generates various virulence factors that are a major cause of chronic infection. These PG-AuNPs and PG-ZnONPs significantly inhibit early stage biofilm and eradicate mature biofilm. Furthermore, these NPs reduce P. aeruginosa virulence factors such as pyoverdine, pyocyanin, protease, rhamnolipid, and hemolytic capabilities. In addition, these NPs significantly reduce P. aeruginosa swarming, swimming, and twitching motility. PG-AuNPs and PG-ZnONPs can be used as control agents for infections caused by the biofilm-forming human pathogenic bacterium P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlurrahman Khan
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (F.K.); (W.-K.J.)
| | - Min-Gyun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (M.-G.K.); (D.-M.J.)
| | - Du-Min Jo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (M.-G.K.); (D.-M.J.)
| | - Pathum Chandika
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and New-Senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea;
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (F.K.); (W.-K.J.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and New-Senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea;
| | - Hyun Wook Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea;
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (F.K.); (W.-K.J.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (M.-G.K.); (D.-M.J.)
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Abstract
Injudicious consumption of antibiotics in the past few decades has arisen the problem of resistance in pathogenic organisms against most antibiotics and antimicrobial agents. Scenarios of treatment failure are becoming more common in hospitals. This situation demands the frequent need for new antimicrobial compounds which may have other mechanisms of action from those which are in current use. Limonene can be utilized as one of the solutions to the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Limonene is a naturally occurring monoterpene with a lemon-like odor, which mainly present in the peels of citrus plants like lemon, orange, grapefruit, etc. The study aimed to enlighten the antimicrobial properties of limonene as per previous literature. Advantageous contributions have been made by various research groups in the study of the antimicrobial properties of limonene. Previous studies have shown that limonene not only inhibits disease-causing pathogenic microbes, however, it also protects various food products from potential contaminants. This review article contains information about the effectiveness of limonene as an antimicrobial agent. Apart from antimicrobial property, some other uses of limonene are also discussed such as its role as fragrance and flavor additive, as in the formation of nonalcoholic beverages, as solvent and cleaner in the petroleum industry, and as a pesticide. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-biofilm properties of limonene may help it to be used in the future as a potential antimicrobial agent with minimal adverse effects. Some of the recent studies also showed the action of limonene against COVID-19 (Coronavirus). However, additional studies are requisite to scrutinize the possible mechanism of antimicrobial action of limonene.
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Lemon Oils Attenuate the Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Quorum Sensing Inhibition. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102863. [PMID: 34066034 PMCID: PMC8151035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of three Citrus limon oils: lemon essential oil (LEO), lemon terpenes (LT) and lemon essence (LE), and their influence in the virulence factors production and motility (swarming and swimming) of two Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains (ATCC 27853 and a multidrug-resistant HT5) were investigated. The main compound, limonene, was also tested in biological assays. Eighty-four compounds, accounting for a relative peak area of 99.23%, 98.58% and 99.64%, were identified by GC/MS. Limonene (59-60%), γ-terpinene (10-11%) and β-pinene (7-15%) were the main compounds. All lemon oils inhibited specific biofilm production and bacterial metabolic activities into biofilm in a dose-dependent manner (20-65%, in the range of 0.1-4 mg mL-1) of both strains. Besides, all samples inhibited about 50% of the elastase activity at 0.1 mg mL-1. Pyocyanin biosynthesis decreases until 64% (0.1-4 mg mL-1) for both strains. Swarming motility of P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 was completely inhibited by 2 mg mL-1 of lemon oils. Furthermore, a decrease (29-55%, 0.1-4 mg mL-1) in the synthesis of Quorum sensing (QS) signals was observed. The oils showed higher biological activities than limonene. Hence, their ability to control the biofilm of P. aeruginosa and reduce the production of virulence factors regulated by QS makes lemon oils good candidates to be applied as preservatives in the food processing industry.
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Walczak M, Michalska-Sionkowska M, Olkiewicz D, Tarnawska P, Warżyńska O. Potential of Carvacrol and Thymol in Reducing Biofilm Formation on Technical Surfaces. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092723. [PMID: 34066411 PMCID: PMC8125478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), and stainless steel (SS) are commonly used in medicine and food production technologies. During contact with microorganisms on the surface of these materials, a microbial biofilm is formed. The biofilm structure is difficult to remove and promotes the development of pathogenic bacteria. For this reason, the inhibition of biofilm formation in medical and food production environments is very important. For this purpose, five naturally occurring compounds were used for antimicrobial screening tests. The two with the best antimicrobial properties were chosen to inhibit the biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After 3 days of exposure, thymol reduced the amount of biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa within the range of 70–77% and 52–75% for Staphylococcus aureus. Carvacrol inhibited the formation of biofilms by up to 74–88% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and up to 86–100% for Staphylococcus aureus. Those phenols decreased the enzyme activity of the biofilm by up to 40–100%. After 10 days of exposure to thymol, biofilm formation was reduced by 80–100% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and by about 79–100% for Staphylococcus aureus. Carvacrol reduced the amount of biofilm by up to 91–100% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and up to 95–100% for Staphylococcus aureus.
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Van Dyck K, Pinto RM, Pully D, Van Dijck P. Microbial Interkingdom Biofilms and the Quest for Novel Therapeutic Strategies. Microorganisms 2021; 9:412. [PMID: 33671126 PMCID: PMC7921918 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal and bacterial species interact with each other within polymicrobial biofilm communities in various niches of the human body. Interactions between these species can greatly affect human health and disease. Diseases caused by polymicrobial biofilms pose a major challenge in clinical settings because of their enhanced virulence and increased drug tolerance. Therefore, different approaches are being explored to treat fungal-bacterial biofilm infections. This review focuses on the main mechanisms involved in polymicrobial drug tolerance and the implications of the polymicrobial nature for the therapeutic treatment by highlighting clinically relevant fungal-bacterial interactions. Furthermore, innovative treatment strategies which specifically target polymicrobial biofilms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Van Dyck
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (K.V.D.); (R.M.P.); (D.P.)
- VIB—KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rita M. Pinto
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (K.V.D.); (R.M.P.); (D.P.)
- VIB—KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Durgasruthi Pully
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (K.V.D.); (R.M.P.); (D.P.)
| | - Patrick Van Dijck
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (K.V.D.); (R.M.P.); (D.P.)
- VIB—KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Li Y, Gao Y, Niu X, Wu Y, Du Y, Yang Y, Qi R, Chen H, Gao X, Song B, Guan X. A 5-Year Review of Invasive Fungal Infection at an Academic Medical Center. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:553648. [PMID: 33194796 PMCID: PMC7642834 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.553648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is one of the most common nosocomial infections. However, data on the epidemiology of IFI and susceptibility to antifungal agents in China are quite limited, and in particular, no current data exist on the microbiological, and clinical characteristics of IFI patients in Northeast China. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide a retrospective review of the clinical characteristics, laboratory test results, and risk factor predictions of inpatients diagnosed with IFI. Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess prognostic factors associated with the mortality of these patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results from 509 patients with IFI extracted from the First Hospital of China Medical University from January 2013 to January 2018. Results: Neutrophil numbers, total bilirubin, length of stay in the ICU, renal failure, use of immunosuppressants within the past 30 days, stomach tube placement and septic shock were risk factors for death from IFI. Recent surgery (within 2 weeks) and drainage tube placement did not increase mortality in these IFI patients. Increased serum levels of PCT (AUC 0.601, 95% CI 0.536–0.665, P = 0.003) and CRP (AUC 0.578, 95% CI 0.512–0.644, P = 0.020) provided effective predictors of 30-day mortality rates. Conclusions: We report for the first time epidemiological data on invasive fungal infections in Northeast China over the past 5 years. Despite the limited available clinical data, these findings will greatly aid clinical health care workers with regard to the identification, prevention, and treatment of IFI in hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yali Gao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueli Niu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yutong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqun Qi
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongduo Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinghua Gao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bing Song
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Xiuhao Guan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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12
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Moradi F, Hadi N, Bazargani A. Evaluation of quorum-sensing inhibitory effects of extracts of three traditional medicine plants with known antibacterial properties. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 38:100769. [PMID: 33194208 PMCID: PMC7644747 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Today an alternative approach to control bacterial infections is the use of natural and traditional plant compounds to interfere with their quorum-sensing (QS) systems. In this study, antibacterial and anti-QS sensing activity of Syzygium aromaticum, Dionysia revoluta Boiss. and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. were evaluated. These plants are local to the Middle East region and have since ancient times been used for their antibacterial activity. Plant compounds were extracted with n-hexane, methanol and 96% ethanol mixed solvent. Antibacterial activity of this herbal extracts against five Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were assessed. The effective sub–minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of this extract on bacterial QS systems were investigated by a violacein quantification assay in the Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 biosensor strain, inhibition of exogenously QS signal molecules in Aeromonas veronii bv. Sobria strain BC88 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a patient with cystic fibrosis in vitro. Results found that Syzygium aromaticum 0.39 to 0.048 mg/mL, Dionysia revoluta Boiss. 3.1 to 0.39 mg/mL and E. camaldulensis 0.78 to 0.097 mg/mL showed anti-QS activities by reducing the violacein formation depletion of QS signals produced in A. veronii and P. aeruginosa at sub-MICs. Regarding the anti-QS effects of these herbal extracts, their effective components may be candidates for use in combating bacterial infections at sub-MICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Moradi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - N Hadi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A Bazargani
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Entrapment of Citrus limon var. pompia Essential Oil or Pure Citral in Liposomes Tailored as Mouthwash for the Treatment of Oral Cavity Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13090216. [PMID: 32872140 PMCID: PMC7557837 DOI: 10.3390/ph13090216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed at developing a mouthwash based on liposomes loading Citrus limon var. pompia essential oil or citral to treat oropharyngeal diseases. Vesicles were prepared by dispersing phosphatidylcholine and pompia essential oil or citral at increasing amounts (12, 25 and 50 mg/mL) in water. Transparent vesicle dispersions were obtained by direct sonication avoiding the use of organic solvents. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) confirmed the formation of unilamellar, spherical and regularly shaped vesicles. Essential oil and citral loaded liposomes were small in size (~110 and ~100 nm, respectively) and negatively charged. Liposomes, especially those loading citral, were highly stable as their physico-chemical properties did not change during storage. The formulations were highly biocompatible against keratinocytes, were able to counteract the damages induced in cells by using hydrogen peroxide, and able to increase the rate of skin repair. In addition, liposomes loading citral at higher concentrations inhibited the proliferation of cariogenic bacterium.
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Denaro M, Smeriglio A, Xiao J, Cornara L, Burlando B, Trombetta D. New insights into
Citrus
genus: From ancient fruits to new hybrids. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Denaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm) University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm) University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine University of Macau Taipa Macau
| | - Laura Cornara
- Department of Earth, Environment, and Life Sciences (DISTAV) University of Genova Genova Italy
| | - Bruno Burlando
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR) University of Genova Genova Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm) University of Messina Messina Italy
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Rodrigues ME, Gomes F, Rodrigues CF. Candida spp./Bacteria Mixed Biofilms. J Fungi (Basel) 2019; 6:jof6010005. [PMID: 31861858 PMCID: PMC7151131 DOI: 10.3390/jof6010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to form biofilms is a common feature of microorganisms, such as bacteria or fungi. These consortiums can colonize a variety of surfaces, such as host tissues, dentures, and catheters, resulting in infections highly resistant to drugs, when compared with their planktonic counterparts. This refractory effect is particularly critical in polymicrobial biofilms involving both fungi and bacteria. This review emphasizes Candida spp.-bacteria biofilms, the epidemiology of this community, the challenges in the eradication of such biofilms, and the most relevant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Rodrigues
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO–Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (M.E.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Fernanda Gomes
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO–Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (M.E.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Célia F. Rodrigues
- LEPABE–Dep. of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Budzyńska A, Różalska S, Sadowska B, Różalska B. Candida albicans/Staphylococcus aureus Dual-Species Biofilm as a Target for the Combination of Essential Oils and Fluconazole or Mupirocin. Mycopathologia 2017; 182:989-995. [PMID: 28823093 PMCID: PMC5684249 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-017-0192-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of essential oils (EOs), fluconazole (FLU) and mupirocin (MUP) used alone or in combination against mono-species and mixed Candida albicans/Staphylococcus aureus biofilms was examined. An experimentally established dual-species biofilm model, verified by fluorescence microscopy and viable cell counting, was used. Selected commercial EOs were tested: geranium, citronella and clove oils, which have been chemically characterized and found to differ in the content of the main components (qualitative and quantitative). As expected, C. albicans and S. aureus biofilms were less susceptible to fluconazole and mupirocin action, respectively, compared to the planktonic counterparts. However, the drug effectiveness in combination with the EOs was significantly improved, giving enhancement of biofilm eradication than caused by the antibiotics alone. Moreover, dual-species biofilm formation was limited by sub-MIC of EOs, and preformed mixed biofilm was eliminated more efficiently by combined action of drugs and EOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Budzyńska
- Laboratory of Microbiological and Technical Services, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Różalska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Sadowska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Różalska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland.
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17
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Antifungal activity of Myrtus communis against Malassezia sp. isolated from the skin of patients with pityriasis versicolor. Infection 2017; 46:253-257. [PMID: 29159502 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-017-1102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of fungal infections and antifungal resistance has prompted the search for novel antifungal drugs and alternative agents. We explored the antifungal activity of Myrtus communis essential oil (EO) against Malassezia sp. isolated from the skin of patients with pityriasis versicolor. These broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities of M. communis EO and its potent inhibiting activity on Malassezia growth deserve further research with aim to considerate this EO as candidate for topical use in treatment of skin diseases.
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18
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Essential Oils and Antifungal Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2017; 10:ph10040086. [PMID: 29099084 PMCID: PMC5748643 DOI: 10.3390/ph10040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, folk medicine and agro-food science have benefitted from the use of plant derivatives, such as essential oils, to combat different diseases, as well as to preserve food. In Nature, essential oils play a fundamental role in protecting the plant from biotic and abiotic attacks to which it may be subjected. Many researchers have analyzed in detail the modes of action of essential oils and most of their components. The purpose of this brief review is to describe the properties of essential oils, principally as antifungal agents, and their role in blocking cell communication mechanisms, fungal biofilm formation, and mycotoxin production.
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Kolouchová I, Maťátková O, Paldrychová M, Kodeš Z, Kvasničková E, Sigler K, Čejková A, Šmidrkal J, Demnerová K, Masák J. Resveratrol, pterostilbene, and baicalein: plant-derived anti-biofilm agents. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2017; 63:261-272. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-017-0549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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Farisa Banu S, Rubini D, Rakshitaa S, Chandrasekar K, Murugan R, Wilson A, Gowrishankar S, Pandian SK, Nithyanand P. Antivirulent Properties of Underexplored Cinnamomum tamala Essential Oil and Its Synergistic Effects with DNase against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms - An In Vitro Study. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1144. [PMID: 28694794 PMCID: PMC5483474 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a nosocomial pathogen colonizing patients with chronic infectious diseases and has gained resistance to all the known broad spectrum antibiotics available today. The present study showcases the antibiofilm potential of an essential oil (EO) from an underexplored Cinnamomum species namely, C. tamala, against P. aeruginosa biofilms. Furthermore, the synergistic effects of the EO along with a commercially available DNase (DNaseI) and a DNase (MBD) isolated from a marine bacterium were explored for its antibiofilm activity. The results showed that the synergized action has maximum efficacy in inhibiting young and preformed biofilms. The synergized effect of EO and DNaseI showed 70% inhibition against matured biofilms of P. aeruginosa. The EO from C. tamala also showed quorum sensing inhibitory potential as it could inhibit the swarming motility behavior of P. aeruginosa. The synergistic action of EO and DNases offers a novel alternate therapeutic strategy for combating P. aeruginosa biofilm associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaulla Farisa Banu
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA UniversityThanjavur, India
| | - Durairajan Rubini
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA UniversityThanjavur, India
| | - Sairam Rakshitaa
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA UniversityThanjavur, India
| | - Kamaraj Chandrasekar
- Govind Ballabh Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable DevelopmentAlmora, India
| | - Ramar Murugan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA UniversityThanjavur, India
| | - Aruni Wilson
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma LindaCA, United States
| | | | | | - Paramasivam Nithyanand
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA UniversityThanjavur, India.,Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA UniversityThanjavur, India
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Aleksić I, Šegan S, Andrić F, Zlatović M, Moric I, Opsenica DM, Senerovic L. Long-Chain 4-Aminoquinolines as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors in Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1425-1434. [PMID: 28350449 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become a serious global threat to public health; therefore, improved strategies and structurally novel antimicrobials are urgently needed to combat infectious diseases. Here we report a new type of highly potent 4-aminoquinoline derivatives as quorum sensing inhibitors in Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, exhibiting weak bactericidal activities (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 400 μM). Through detailed structure-activity study, we have identified 7-Cl and 7-CF3 substituted N-dodecylamino-4-aminoquinolines (5 and 10) as biofilm formation inhibitors with 50% biofilm inhibition at 69 μM and 63 μM in S. marcescens and P. aeruginosa, respectively. These two compounds, 5 and 10, are the first quinoline derivatives with anti-biofilm formation activity reported in S. marcescens. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis identified structural descriptors such as Wiener indices, hyper-distance-path index (HDPI), mean topological charge (MTC), topological charge index (TCI), and log D(o/w)exp as the most influential in biofilm inhibition in this bacterial species. Derivative 10 is one of the most potent quinoline type inhibitors of pyocyanin production described so far (IC50 = 2.5 μM). While we have demonstrated that 5 and 10 act as Pseudomonas quinolone system (PQS) antagonists, the mechanism of inhibition of S. marcescens biofilm formation with these compounds remains open since signaling similar to P. aeruginosa PQS system has not yet been described in Serratia and activity of these compounds on acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) signaling has not been detected. Our data show that 7-Cl and 7-CF3 substituted N-dodecylamino-4-aminoquinolines present the promising scaffolds for developing antivirulence and anti-biofilm formation agents against multidrug-resistant bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Aleksić
- Institute
of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Šegan
- Institute
of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P.O. Box 473, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Filip Andrić
- Institute
of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P.O. Box 473, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mario Zlatović
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, P.O. Box 51, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Moric
- Institute
of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan M. Opsenica
- Institute
of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, P.O. Box 473, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lidija Senerovic
- Institute
of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia
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