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Vilela C, Araújo B, Soares-Guedes C, Caridade-Silva R, Martins-Macedo J, Teixeira C, Gomes ED, Prudêncio C, Vieira M, Teixeira FG. From the Gut to the Brain: Is Microbiota a New Paradigm in Parkinson's Disease Treatment? Cells 2024; 13:770. [PMID: 38727306 PMCID: PMC11083070 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is recognized as the second most prevalent primary chronic neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. Clinically, PD is characterized as a movement disorder, exhibiting an incidence and mortality rate that is increasing faster than any other neurological condition. In recent years, there has been a growing interest concerning the role of the gut microbiota in the etiology and pathophysiology of PD. The establishment of a brain-gut microbiota axis is now real, with evidence denoting a bidirectional communication between the brain and the gut microbiota through metabolic, immune, neuronal, and endocrine mechanisms and pathways. Among these, the vagus nerve represents the most direct form of communication between the brain and the gut. Given the potential interactions between bacteria and drugs, it has been observed that the therapies for PD can have an impact on the composition of the microbiota. Therefore, in the scope of the present review, we will discuss the current understanding of gut microbiota on PD and whether this may be a new paradigm for treating this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Vilela
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.); (C.S.-G.); (E.D.G.); (C.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Bruna Araújo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (B.A.); (J.M.-M.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| | - Carla Soares-Guedes
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.); (C.S.-G.); (E.D.G.); (C.P.); (M.V.)
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| | - Rita Caridade-Silva
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| | - Joana Martins-Macedo
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (B.A.); (J.M.-M.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| | - Catarina Teixeira
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
| | - Eduardo D. Gomes
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.); (C.S.-G.); (E.D.G.); (C.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Cristina Prudêncio
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.); (C.S.-G.); (E.D.G.); (C.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Mónica Vieira
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.V.); (C.S.-G.); (E.D.G.); (C.P.); (M.V.)
| | - Fábio G. Teixeira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (B.A.); (J.M.-M.)
- ICVS/3B’s Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Lab, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.-S.); (C.T.)
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Jimonet P, Druart C, Blanquet-Diot S, Boucinha L, Kourula S, Le Vacon F, Maubant S, Rabot S, Van de Wiele T, Schuren F, Thomas V, Walther B, Zimmermann M. Gut Microbiome Integration in Drug Discovery and Development of Small Molecules. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:274-287. [PMID: 38307852 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Human microbiomes, particularly in the gut, could have a major impact on the efficacy and toxicity of drugs. However, gut microbial metabolism is often neglected in the drug discovery and development process. Medicen, a Paris-based human health innovation cluster, has gathered more than 30 international leading experts from pharma, academia, biotech, clinical research organizations, and regulatory science to develop proposals to facilitate the integration of microbiome science into drug discovery and development. Seven subteams were formed to cover the complementary expertise areas of 1) pharma experience and case studies, 2) in silico microbiome-drug interaction, 3) in vitro microbial stability screening, 4) gut fermentation models, 5) animal models, 6) microbiome integration in clinical and regulatory aspects, and 7) microbiome ecosystems and models. Each expert team produced a state-of-the-art report of their respective field highlighting existing microbiome-related tools at every stage of drug discovery and development. The most critical limitations are the growing, but still limited, drug-microbiome interaction data to produce predictive models and the lack of agreed-upon standards despite recent progress. In this paper we will report on and share proposals covering 1) how microbiome tools can support moving a compound from drug discovery to clinical proof-of-concept studies and alert early on potential undesired properties stemming from microbiome-induced drug metabolism and 2) how microbiome data can be generated and integrated in pharmacokinetic models that are predictive of the human situation. Examples of drugs metabolized by the microbiome will be discussed in detail to support recommendations from the working group. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Gut microbial metabolism is often neglected in the drug discovery and development process despite growing evidence of drugs' efficacy and safety impacted by their interaction with the microbiome. This paper will detail existing microbiome-related tools covering every stage of drug discovery and development, current progress, and limitations, as well as recommendations to integrate them into the drug discovery and development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Jimonet
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Céline Druart
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Lilia Boucinha
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Stephanie Kourula
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Françoise Le Vacon
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Sylvie Maubant
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Sylvie Rabot
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Frank Schuren
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Vincent Thomas
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Bernard Walther
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Michael Zimmermann
- Medicen Paris Région, Paris, France (P.J.); Pharmabiotic Research Institute, Narbonne, France (C.D.); UMR 454 MEDIS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France (S.B.D.); Global Bioinformatics, Evotec ID, Lyon, France (L.B.); Preclinical Sciences & Translational Safety, JNJ Innovative Medicine, Beerse, Belgium (S.K.); Biofortis, Saint-Herblain, France (F.L.V.); Translational Pharmacology Department, Oncodesign Services, Dijon, France (S.M.); Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France (S.R.); Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium (T.V.W.); TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands (F.S.); Lallemand Health Solutions, Blagnac, France (V.T.); Servier, Saclay, France (B.W.); and Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany (M.Z.)
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