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Bustamante U MA, Plaza E, Garcia U. V. Confirmatory factor analysis of the effect of daily-living on the happiness of community-dwelling older adults in Chile. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28230. [PMID: 38560665 PMCID: PMC10979233 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effect of the human-functioning dimension on happiness among community-dwelling older adults (OAs) in Chile. Questionnaires were used for data collection from a sample of 785 OAs of both sexes attending healthcare institutions. Exploratory factor analysis was performed using parallel analysis and oblique rotation. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were conducted using the maximum likelihood and unweighted least squares methods. Goodness-of-fit analyses were performed by considering absolute and respective incremental fit indices. The relationships between the functioning and happiness factors were all significant at the 1% level, indicating that functioning impacts happiness. The ratios of the variances between both constructs were identical to those of the covariances, indicating consistency between the models, with similarities and equalities in the estimation of their parameters. The modeling confirms a direct relationship between activities of daily living functioning and happiness. Given that a lack of functioning significantly affects OAs' happiness and quality of life, this relationship is consistent with the available theory. These findings may contribute to the formulation of social and health policies regarding OAs in Chile and other Latin American countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Bustamante U
- Faculty of Business and Economics, Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Universidad de Talca. C. P, 3465548 Talca, Chile
| | - Exequiel Plaza
- Faculty of Health Sciences. Universidad de Talca, C. P, 3465548, Talca, Chile
| | - Viviana Garcia U.
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging RED21993, Universidad de Valparaiso, Chile
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Yen HY, Liao Y, Huang WH. Household physical activity and subjective well-being: An international comparison among East Asian older adult populations. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 117:105220. [PMID: 37839262 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Engaging in lifelong physical activity has multiple health benefits for older populations. Household physical activity occupies older adults' awake time, and they can be an important energy expenditure during the day. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between older adults' household physical activity and subjective well-being in four East Asian societies. METHODS The study design was a secondary data analysis. Data were retrieved from the module of Families 2016 in the database of the East Asian Social Survey. Participants were community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of 70.30±7.50 years and who lived in China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. Data were collected by interviews via structured questionnaires between 2016 and 2018. Descriptive analyses, independent t-tests, and an analysis of covariance were performed for the statistical analyses. RESULTS In total, there were 3,432 valid responses. Participants who lived in Taiwan had significantly lower levels of total household physical activity than those living in other societies. Older adults' household physical activity was found to significantly differ by age, educational degree, gender, religion, marital status, occupation, and whether living alone. Older adults with high levels of household physical activity had significantly higher self-rated health and marital satisfaction than those with low levels. CONCLUSIONS Household physical activity has potential benefits for subjective well-being across international older adult populations. Increasing household physical activity is recommended for older married couples to maintain marital satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yen Yen
- School of Gerontology and Long-term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Yung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure, and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Karkauskiene E, Tully MA, Dudoniene V, Giné-Garriga M, Escribà-Salvans A, Font-Jutglà C, Jerez-Roig J. Effectiveness of Interventions for Reducing Sedentary Behaviour in Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care Facilities: A Protocol for a Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1976. [PMID: 37510417 PMCID: PMC10379966 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11141976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Sedentary behaviour (SB) is an important risk factor for several health-related outcomes. The prevalence of SB is alarmingly high in older adults, who spend on average 9.4 h being sedentary each day, making them the most sedentary of all age groups. Objectives. The primary objective of this review is to assess the impact of interventions aimed at reducing SB in older adults (aged 60 years and older) living in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). The research question for this systematic review is as follows: in older people living in LTCFs, do interventions aimed at reducing SB, compared to usual care, result in a decrease in SB daily time or a reduction in the length of prolonged and uninterrupted sitting bouts? Data sources. Only peer-reviewed articles will be included in this systematic review, articles will be identified using the PICO method in seven different databases. Participants and interventions. Any primary intervention study (including randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, and cohort studies) with the aim to reduce SB daily time or shorten the length of prolonged and uninterrupted sitting bouts in older adults living in LTCFs will be included. After searching databases, abstracts of the studies will be screened, and, after retrieving full text articles, data extraction will be conducted by two independent reviewers. Study appraisal and synthesis methods. The review will adhere to PRISMA reporting guidelines. Risk of bias (RoB) will be assessed using ROBINS-I or the RoB 2.0 tool and will be discussed with a third reviewer. The data will be grouped according to study design, with separate analysis for randomised and non-randomised designs. Results. The primary outcomes will be SB or time spent sedentary, assessed before and after the intervention. For the outcomes with the same measurement units, the pooled mean differences will be calculated. Standardised mean differences will be calculated for the outcomes with different measurement units. The data not suitable in numbers will be synthesised narratively. The strength of evidence of the outcomes will be assessed using GRADE assessment. If the data are suitable for quantitative analysis, we plan to use the Revman software to conduct a meta-analysis. Conclusions and implications of key findings. This protocol can serve as a valuable resource for other researchers interested in conducting similar systematic reviews or meta-analyses in the field of SB and older adult health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Karkauskiene
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mark A Tully
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK
| | - Vilma Dudoniene
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Maria Giné-Garriga
- Blanquerna Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Ramon Llull University, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
- Blanquerna Faculty of Health Sciences, Ramon Llull University, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Escribà-Salvans
- Department of Social Sciences and Community Health, Research Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Cristina Font-Jutglà
- Department of Social Sciences and Community Health, Research Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Javier Jerez-Roig
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Social Sciences and Community Health, Research Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, 08500 Vic, Spain
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Gao J, Hu H, He H. Functional Hearing Impairment, Psychological Resilience, and Social Well-Being Among Chinese Older Adults in Low-Income Households. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37267427 DOI: 10.1044/2023_jslhr-22-00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hearing loss (HL) is prevalent and relates to social health in old age. This study aims to examine the association between functional HL and social well-being (SWB) in older adults and to investigate whether psychological resilience mediates this association. METHOD The analytical sample of 4,531 older adults aged ≥ 60 years was from the Sample Survey on Vulnerable Populations from Poor Families in Urban/Rural China (2018). SWB was measured by social networks and social engagement using the Lubben Social Network Scale and Index of Social Engagement Scale, respectively. Functional hearing impairment was defined by a dichotomized measure of self-perceived hearing difficulty. Psychological resilience was assessed by a 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Structural equation modeling was performed to determine associations of HL with SWB and the mediating roles of psychological resilience. RESULTS Functional HL was associated with reduced SWB among older adults living in low-income households. Hearing-impaired individuals were more likely to be socially isolated and less socially engaged compared to those with normal hearing. The association persisted in gender subsamples and in non-low-income households but not in older adults aged ≥ 70 years. Psychological resilience partially mediated the association of hearing impairment with SWB, accounting for 50.9% of the variance in the change of SWB. CONCLUSIONS Functional hearing impairment may be a modifiable risk factor for social restrictions and downstream older adults' health. Promotion of hearing health care and accessibility to coping resources including psychological support may improve social wellness among the older adults and benefit healthy aging. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22750736.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Gao
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Hongwei Hu
- School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing
- The Research Center for Health Protection, Renmin University of China, Beijing
| | - Haotian He
- School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing
- The Research Center for Health Protection, Renmin University of China, Beijing
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Smith GSE, Moyle W, Burton NW. The Relationship between Social Support for Physical Activity and Physical Activity across Nine Years in Adults Aged 60-65 Years at Baseline. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4531. [PMID: 36901538 PMCID: PMC10002128 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity is consistently recognized as a key component of healthy aging. The current study aimed to investigate the prospective association between social support specific for physical activity (SSPA) and physical activity across nine years among adults aged 60-65 years at baseline (n = 1984). An observational longitudinal design was used, with mail surveys administered to a population-based sample across four waves. SSPA was measured using a score ranging from 5-25, and physical activity was assessed as time spent in walking, or engaging in moderate and vigorous activity, during the previous week. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. The results demonstrated a positive significant relationship between SSPA and physical activity, accounting for sociodemographic and health variables. Each unit of increase in SSPA was associated with 11 extra minutes of physical activity per week (p < 0.001). There was a significant interaction between SSPA and wave at the final timepoint, such that the relationship was weaker (p = 0.017). The results highlight the value of even small increases in SSPA. SSPA could be targeted to promote physical activity among older adults, but may be more impactful in young-old adults. More research is needed to understand impactful sources of SSPA, underlying mechanisms between SSPA and physical activity, and potential moderation by age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve S. E. Smith
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt. Gravatt, QLD 4122, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Griffith University, Mt. Gravatt, QLD 4122, Australia
| | - Wendy Moyle
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Nicola W. Burton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Mt. Gravatt, QLD 4122, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Griffith University, Mt. Gravatt, QLD 4122, Australia
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Maman R, Rand D, Avrech Bar M. How do older women perceive the occupations and activities within their maternal role? Findings from an exploratory survey. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283992. [PMID: 37200257 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in meaningful everyday occupations and life-roles is crucial to the health and wellbeing of older adults. However, little is known regarding meaningful life-roles of older women. Although the maternal-role remains meaningful to women throughout their life, previous literature focused on earlier stages of motherhood. AIMS To describe the occupations and perceptions within the maternal-role of older women. MATERIALS AND METHOD An online survey was distributed via social media. It included closed and open-ended questions regarding the engagement and relatedness of occupations to the maternal-role; and the perceptions of older women towards their maternal-role. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and thematic analysis was used to analyze data from open-ended questions. RESULTS The survey was answered by 317 community-dwelling older mothers (aged 65-87). High frequency of engagement and relatedness of occupations to the maternal-role were found. Most participants perceived the maternal-role as a never-ending and evolving life role. Seven categories, describing both 'doing' and 'being' aspects of the maternal-role, were identified. CONCLUSION The maternal-role is meaningful to older women. It continues to develop over time, and includes new occupations which have not been central at earlier stages of motherhood. SIGNIFICANCE These findings have significant implications for healthcare professionals striving to promote healthy aging by enhancing the participation of older women in meaningful occupations. Further research is needed to broaden the understanding of the unique characteristics of the maternal-role at older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Maman
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Debbie Rand
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Michal Avrech Bar
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
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Oshimi D, Kinoshita K. Relationship between residents’ sporting life and hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in Hiroshima: the mediating role of PERMA in sport. MANAGING SPORT AND LEISURE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/23750472.2022.2147857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Oshimi
- School of Physical Education, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Japan
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Testing Leash Walking Training as a Physical Activity Intervention for Older Adult Dog Owners: A Feasibility Study. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7060120. [PMID: 36412609 PMCID: PMC9680302 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7060120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dog walking is a physical activity (PA) with many health benefits for older adults. Dog behavior issues can be a barrier to dog walking. This study piloted leash manners training as a PA intervention for dog owners ages 60+ years. Fourteen dog owners (mean age = 65 years, female = 71%) enrolled in a leash manners training course. Process evaluation data were collected to determine feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and study procedures. Twelve of fourteen enrolled participants (86%) completed the course, and most were highly engaged with the program, as evidenced by high class attendance (92% of participants who completed the course attended ≥5 of 6 classes) and a majority (64%) reporting frequent skills practice at home. Further, most participants (73%) reported their leash walking skills improved. The PA assessment protocol (7 days of 24 h data collection using activPAL monitors) was well tolerated, with all participants who completed assessments at each time point (pre-program, post-program, 4-week follow-up) providing ≥6 valid days of data. In sum, the intervention approach and study procedures were feasible and acceptable in this sample of older adults. More research is needed to determine the effectiveness of leash manners training for increasing PA in this population.
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Li H, Shi B, Wang X, Cao M, Chen J, Liu S, Zhan X, Jin C, Gui Z, Jing J, Zhu Y. Associations of emotional/behavioral problems with accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior, physical activity and step counts in children with autism spectrum disorder. Front Public Health 2022; 10:981128. [PMID: 36299767 PMCID: PMC9588958 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.981128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The evidence for associations of emotional/behavioral status with sedentary behavior (SB), physical activity (PA) and step counts is scarce in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Also, ASD-related deficiencies may affect actual levels of PA. We aimed to describe accelerometer-measured SB, PA and step counts in children with ASD, and to examine the associations of emotional/behavioral problems with SB, PA and step counts after assessing associations between accelerometer-measured SB, PA and step counts and ASD-related deficiencies. Methods A total of 93 ASD children, aged 6-9 years, were recruited from the Center for Child and Adolescent Psychology and Behavioral Development of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China. Participants wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days. Of the original 93, 78 participants' accelerometer-measured valid PA were obtained, and the data were shown as time spent in SB, light, moderate, moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous PA, and step counts. Participants' emotional/behavioral problems were assessed via the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and anxiety symptoms were evaluated by the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED). ASD-associated deficiencies include restricted repetitive behaviors (Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised), poor social competence (Social Responsiveness Scale Second Edition) and motor development restrictions (Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire). Results Of the 78 participants, daily vigorous PA (VPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) averaged 15.62 and 51.95 min, respectively. After adjustment for covariates, SDQ emotional symptoms (β = -0.060, p = 0.028) were inversely associated with the average daily minutes in VPA. Meanwhile, SDQ emotional symptoms (β = -0.033, p = 0.016) were inversely associated with the average daily MVPA minutes in the crude model. After adjustment for covariates, SCARED somatic/panic (β = -0.007, p = 0.040) and generalized anxiety (β = -0.025, p = 0.014) were negatively associated with the average daily VPA minutes; SCARED total anxiety (β = -0.006, p = 0.029) was conversely associated with daily MVPA duration. After adjustment for covariates, no significant associations between accelerometer-measured SB, PA and step counts and ASD-related deficiencies were found (p > 0.05). Conclusions Accelerometer-measured SB, PA and step counts showed no associations with ASD-related deficiencies. On this basis, we further found that the emotional symptoms were inversely associated with VPA and MVPA. These results emphasize the importance of VPA and MVPA in children with ASD. The longitudinally investigations on the directionality of these associations between emotional symptoms with VPA and MVPA are needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bijun Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muqing Cao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengkai Jin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohuan Gui
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Jing
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Jin Jing
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Yanna Zhu
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Sjöberg L, Triolo F, Saadeh M, Dekhtyar S, Calderón-Larrañaga A, Welmer AK. Factors associated with physical activity reduction in Swedish older adults during the first COVID-19 outbreak: a longitudinal population-based study. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2022; 19:9. [PMID: 35365065 PMCID: PMC8972725 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-022-00287-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among older adults, potentially leading to adverse consequences for their health. However, factors associated with reductions of PA during the pandemic have not been examined in a population-based sample of older adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the association of pre-pandemic physical, mental, social and lifestyle factors with reductions in PA in older adults during the first wave of COVID-19, and whether the associations differed by age and sex. Methods A population-based sample of 624 participants aged 65-99 years were identified from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) COVID19 Study. Information on pre-pandemic factors was collected through clinical examinations, interviews, and self-administered questionnaires in 2016-2019. Changes in light and intense PA during the first wave of the pandemic (May-September 2020) were self-reported. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models, stratified by age (<70 vs. >80 years) and sex. Results There was an association between pre-pandemic levels of higher depressive symptom burden (Odds Ratio (OR): 2.6, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.1-6.4, <70 years), and impaired balance (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.0-2.8, >80 years old) with reductions in light-intensity PA. Furthermore, the presence of musculoskeletal disease (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1-2.9, <70 years; OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2-4.4, men), moderate/high levels of neuroticism (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0-2.6, <70 years; OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.5, women), and poor levels of social support (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2-4.3, >80 years) were related to reductions in higher-intensity PA. Those who were current smokers (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.8, <70 years; OR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.06-0.7, women), or had impaired balance (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8, >80 years) were less likely to reduce their levels of higher-intensity PA. Conclusions For future pandemics or waves of COVID-19, development of strategies is warranted for older individuals with psychiatric- or physical illness/dysfunction, as well as those with poor social support to counteract reductions in physical activities. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11556-022-00287-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Sjöberg
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18ASE-171 65, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Federico Triolo
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18ASE-171 65, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marguerita Saadeh
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18ASE-171 65, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Serhiy Dekhtyar
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18ASE-171 65, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18ASE-171 65, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Welmer
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18ASE-171 65, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden.,Women´s Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme, Medical Unit Medical Psychology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Luan X, Liu J, Luo X. Examining the Link Between Physical Activity and Cognitive Function: A Parallel Mediation Model of Health and Wellbeing Among Adolescents. Front Psychol 2022; 13:764842. [PMID: 35310245 PMCID: PMC8928735 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.764842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents’ engagement in daily physical activity brings multiple benefits, including reduction in obesity, improvement of mental health, and enhancement of cognitive function (CF). While prior studies have examined the link between physical activity and cognitive function, little is known regarding the extent to which this relationship is shaped by health and wellbeing factors. This study examines how subjective wellbeing (SWB) and general health (GH) mediate the relationship between adolescents’ physical activity and cognitive function. Methods This study estimates a parallel structural equation model using the Program for International Student Assessment 2018 dataset. Specifically, a total of 63,228 15-year-old subjects in nine countries/economies satisfied the study inclusion criteria, including in Bulgaria, Georgia, Hong Kong, Ireland, Mexico, Panama, Serbia, Spain, and United Arab Emirates. Frequency of moderate physical activity (MPA, ≥3.0 Metabolic Equivalent Task) was reported weekly; SWB and GH were assessed using an internationally validated multi-item standardized questionnaire. SWB was measured by students’ self-evaluated satisfaction with their health, life, and schooling. GH was measured by students’ physical health and mental health status. Cognitive function (CF) was modeled as a latent function consisting of plausible values derived using item response theory on reading, mathematics, and science achievement tests. Results Findings indicated that increase in weekly MPA was positively associated with higher levels of SWB (p < .001), GH (p < .001), and CF (p < .001) among the study subjects. Parallel mediation analyses revealed that more frequent weekly MPA had relatively large direct effects (p < .001) on CF, and indirect effects channeling through improvements in SWB and GH were non-trivial (p < .001). Heterogeneity results showed that boosts to CF, associated with MPA, were larger for mathematics and science than for reading (p < .001). Conclusion This study used a large-scale international dataset to show that the positive relationship observed between MPA and CF among adolescents was robust, and that SWB and GH were two critical mediators through which physical activity positively bolster CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luan
- Faculty of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ji Liu
- Faculty of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Faculty of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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Tanlamai U, Jaikengkit AO, Jarutach T, Rajkulchai S, Ritbumroong T. Use of daily posture and activity tracking to assess sedentary behavior, toss-and-turns, and sleep duration of independently living Thai seniors. Health Informatics J 2022; 28:14604582211070214. [DOI: 10.1177/14604582211070214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the postures and activities of elders using activity-monitoring device or diary booklet. The research focuses on using the tracked data to assess sedentary behaviors, toss-and-turns, and sleep duration. Fifty seniors participated in the study for 14 days to obtain anecdotal evidence: half of them wore Sookjai, a motion-tracking device; the other half recorded their activities manually via a diary. The results show that they spent most of their time in the sit/stand posture; they tossed and turned during naps and sleep. Both groups showed a similar pattern of activities: the higher level of sedentary behavior is related to a longer sleep duration. Sedentary behavior and naps increased the number of toss-and-turns at night; toss-and-turns did not affect sleep duration. These independent living adults rated themselves healthy regardless of the extent of their sedentary behaviors or tossing and turning. Although the device did not meet all expectations, the seniors did indicate a positive intention to use wearables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uthai Tanlamai
- Chulalongkorn Business School, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
| | | | - Trirat Jarutach
- Center of Excellence in Universal Design, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
| | | | - Thanachart Ritbumroong
- Graduate School of Applied Statistics, National Institute of Development Administration, Thailand
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Randall K, Ford TG, Kwon KA, Sisson SS, Bice MR, Dinkel D, Tsotsoros J. Physical Activity, Physical Well-Being, and Psychological Well-Being: Associations with Life Satisfaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Early Childhood Educators. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9430. [PMID: 34574354 PMCID: PMC8465281 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Seeking personal well-being and life satisfaction during a global pandemic can be daunting, such is the case for early care and education teachers who were considered non-health care essential workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The potential changes in their physical activity, along with their overall physical and psychological well-being, may have ultimately influenced their life satisfaction. These changes included the potential for increased sedentary behaviors. Despite the high health risks associated with these factors during the pandemic, the role of physical activity in early care and education teachers' well-being and life satisfaction remains largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine the associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviors with teacher well-being and life satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. In doing so, we explored two competing models of the relationship between the teachers' physical activity, well-being, and life satisfaction, one with physical activity as a mediator and the other with teachers' well-being as a mediator. An online survey, that collected information on physical, psychological, and professional well-being, job demands, and life satisfaction, was completed by 1434 US ECE teachers in 46 states. To test our hypothesized models, we conducted confirmatory factor analyses, followed by structural equation modeling. Of the respondents, 77% were overweight or obese and only 39% met the recommended 150 min of moderate physical activity per week. They had a mean life satisfaction score that qualifies as slight satisfaction, they experience moderate stress, and, collectively, are approaching the threshold for depression yet still reflect moderate-to-high work commitment. The empirical test of our competing mediation models found the model where teacher well-being mediated the association between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and life satisfaction was the superior model. The relationships between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and overall well-being suggest that these modifiable risk factors can be addressed such that early care and education teachers can improve their overall physical and psychological well-being, along with their life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Randall
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Schusterman Center, 4502 East 41st Street, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA;
| | - Timothy G. Ford
- Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, Jeanine Rainbolt College of Education, University of Oklahoma Schusterman Center, 4502 East 41st Street, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA;
| | - Kyong-Ah Kwon
- Department of Instructional Leadership and Academic Curriculum, Jeanine Rainbolt College of Education, University of Oklahoma, 820 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, USA;
| | - Susan S. Sisson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1200 North Stonewall Avenue, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| | - Matthew R. Bice
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Sciences, University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2504 9th Ave, Kearney, NE 68849, USA;
| | - Danae Dinkel
- School of Health and Kinesiology, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, University of Nebraska at Omaha, H & K Building, 6001 Dodge Street, Omaha, NE 68182, USA;
| | - Jessica Tsotsoros
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Schusterman Center, 4502 East 41st Street, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA;
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Participation in Social Activities and Relationship between Walking Habits and Disability Incidence. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10091895. [PMID: 33925562 PMCID: PMC8123784 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the relationship between physical and social activity and disability among community-dwelling older adults may provide important information for implementing tailored interventions to prevent disability progression. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the number of social activities on the relationship between walking habits and disability incidence in older adults. We included 2873 older adults (mean age, 73.1 years; SD, ±5.9 years) from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology—Study of Geriatric Syndromes. Baseline measurements, including frequencies of physical and social activities, health conditions, physical function, cognitive function, metabolic parameters, and other potential disability risk factors (for example, the number of years of education); monthly assessment for disability was monitored through long-term care insurance certification for at least 2 years from baseline. During a mean follow-up of 35.1 months (SD, 6.4 months), 133 participants developed disability. The disability incidence was 19.0 and 27.9 per 1000 person-years for participants who walked more (≥3 times per week) and less (≤3 times per week) frequently, respectively. The potential confounding factor-adjusted disability hazard ratio was 0.67 (95% confidence interval, 0.46 to 0.96; p = 0.030). The relationship between habitual walking and the number of social activities was statistically significant (p = 0.004). The reduction of disability risk by walking was greater among participants with fewer social activities. Habitual walking was associated with disability incidence, with a more pronounced effect among older adults who were less likely to engage in social activities.
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