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Zajac GJM, Gagliano Taliun SA, Sidore C, Graham SE, Åsvold BO, Brumpton B, Nielsen JB, Zhou W, Gabrielsen M, Skogholt AH, Fritsche LG, Schlessinger D, Cucca F, Hveem K, Willer CJ, Abecasis GR. A fast linkage method for population GWAS cohorts with related individuals. Genet Epidemiol 2023; 47:231-248. [PMID: 36739617 PMCID: PMC10027464 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Linkage analysis, a class of methods for detecting co-segregation of genomic segments and traits in families, was used to map disease-causing genes for decades before genotyping arrays and dense SNP genotyping enabled genome-wide association studies in population samples. Population samples often contain related individuals, but the segregation of alleles within families is rarely used because traditional linkage methods are computationally inefficient for larger datasets. Here, we describe Population Linkage, a novel application of Haseman-Elston regression as a method of moments estimator of variance components and their standard errors. We achieve additional computational efficiency by using modern methods for detection of IBD segments and variance component estimation, efficient preprocessing of input data, and minimizing redundant numerical calculations. We also refined variance component models to account for the biases in population-scale methods for IBD segment detection. We ran Population Linkage on four blood lipid traits in over 70,000 individuals from the HUNT and SardiNIA studies, successfully detecting 25 known genetic signals. One notable linkage signal that appeared in both was for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in the region near the gene APOE (LOD = 29.3, variance explained = 4.1%). This is the region where the missense variants rs7412 and rs429358, which together make up the ε2, ε3, and ε4 alleles each account for 2.4% and 0.8% of variation in circulating LDL cholesterol. Our results show the potential for linkage analysis and other large-scale applications of method of moments variance components estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory JM Zajac
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sarah A Gagliano Taliun
- Department of Medicine and Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Carlo Sidore
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica - CNR, Cagliari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sarah E Graham
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Bjørn Olav Åsvold
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger 7600, Norway
| | - Ben Brumpton
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger 7600, Norway
- Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jonas B Nielsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA
| | - Maiken Gabrielsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne Heidi Skogholt
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lars G Fritsche
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica - CNR, Cagliari, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger 7600, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger 7600, Norway
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Gonçalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI
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2
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Aczél T, Benczik B, Ágg B, Körtési T, Urbán P, Bauer W, Gyenesei A, Tuka B, Tajti J, Ferdinandy P, Vécsei L, Bölcskei K, Kun J, Helyes Z. Disease- and headache-specific microRNA signatures and their predicted mRNA targets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in migraineurs: role of inflammatory signalling and oxidative stress. J Headache Pain 2022; 23:113. [PMID: 36050647 PMCID: PMC9438144 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-022-01478-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is a primary headache with genetic susceptibility, but the pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood, and it remains an unmet medical need. Earlier we demonstrated significant differences in the transcriptome of migraineurs' PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells), suggesting the role of neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Post-transcriptional gene expression is regulated by miRNA (microRNA), a group of short non-coding RNAs that are emerging biomarkers, drug targets, or drugs. MiRNAs are emerging biomarkers and therapeutics; however, little is known about the miRNA transcriptome in migraine, and a systematic comparative analysis has not been performed so far in migraine patients. METHODS We determined miRNA expression of migraineurs' PBMC during (ictal) and between (interictal) headaches compared to age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Small RNA sequencing was performed from the PBMC, and mRNA targets of miRNAs were predicted using a network theoretical approach by miRNAtarget.com™. Predicted miRNA targets were investigated by Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and validated by comparing network metrics to differentially expressed mRNA data. RESULTS In the interictal PBMC samples 31 miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) in comparison to healthy controls, including hsa-miR-5189-3p, hsa-miR-96-5p, hsa-miR-3613-5p, hsa-miR-99a-3p, hsa-miR-542-3p. During headache attacks, the top DE miRNAs as compared to the self-control samples in the interictal phase were hsa-miR-3202, hsa-miR-7855-5p, hsa-miR-6770-3p, hsa-miR-1538, and hsa-miR-409-5p. MiRNA-mRNA target prediction and pathway analysis indicated several mRNAs related to immune and inflammatory responses (toll-like receptor and cytokine receptor signalling), neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, also confirmed by mRNA transcriptomics. CONCLUSIONS We provide here the first evidence for disease- and headache-specific miRNA signatures in the PBMC of migraineurs, which might help to identify novel targets for both prophylaxis and attack therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timea Aczél
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School & Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bettina Benczik
- Cardiometabolic and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bence Ágg
- Cardiometabolic and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Körtési
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Urbán
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Witold Bauer
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Tuka
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Tajti
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Cardiometabolic and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Vécsei
- MTA-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kata Bölcskei
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School & Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Kun
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School & Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Szentágothai Research Centre, Bioinformatics Research Group, Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School & Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary. .,PharmInVivo Ltd., Pécs, Hungary. .,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti út 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary.
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Duan B, Fu D, Zhang C, Ding P, Dong X, Xia B. Selective Nonmethylated CpG DNA Recognition Mechanism of Cysteine Clamp Domains. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7688-7697. [PMID: 33983734 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Methylation of DNA at CpG sites is a major mark for epigenetic regulation, but how transcription factors are influenced by CpG methylation is not well understood. Here, we report the molecular mechanisms of how the TCF (T-cell factor) and GEF (glucose transporter 4 enhancer factor) families of proteins selectively target unmethylated DNA sequences with a C-clamp type zinc finger domain. The structure of the C-clamp domain from human GEF family protein HDBP1 (C-clampHDBP1) in complex with DNA was determined using NMR spectroscopy, which adopts a unique zinc finger fold and selectively binds RCCGG (R = A/G) DNA sequences with an "Arg···Trp-Lys-Lys" DNA recognition motif inserted in the major groove. The CpG base pairs are central to the binding due to multiple hydrogen bonds formed with the backbone carbonyl groups of Trp378 and Lys379, as well as the side chain ε-amino groups of Lys379 and Lys380 from C-clampHDBP1. Consequently, methylation of the CpG dinucleotide almost abolishes the binding. Homology modeling reveals that the C-clamp domain from human TCF1E (C-clampTCF1E) binds DNA through essentially the same mechanism, with a similar "Arg···Arg-Lys-Lys" DNA recognition motif. The substitution of tryptophan by arginine makes C-clampHDBP1 prefer RCCGC DNA sequences. The two signature DNA recognition motifs are invariant in the GEF and TCF families of proteins, respectively, from fly to human. The recognition of the CpG dinucleotide through two consecutive backbone carbonyl groups is the same as that of the CXXC type unmethylated CpG DNA binding domains, suggesting a common mechanism shared by unmethylated CpG binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Duan
- Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dihong Fu
- Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chaoqun Zhang
- Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Pengfei Ding
- Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianzhi Dong
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Beijing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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O'Connell MDL, Marron MM, Boudreau RM, Canney M, Sanders JL, Kenny RA, Kritchevsky SB, Harris TB, Newman AB. Mortality in Relation to Changes in a Healthy Aging Index: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 74:726-732. [PMID: 29733331 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baseline scores on a Healthy Aging Index (HAI), including five key physiologic domains, strongly predict health outcomes. This study aimed to characterize 9-year changes in a HAI and explore their relationship to subsequent mortality. METHODS Data are from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study of well-functioning adults aged 70-79 years. A HAI, which ranges from 0 to 10, was constructed at years 1 and 10 of the study including systolic blood pressure, forced expiratory volume, digit symbol substitution test, cystatin C, and fasting glucose. The relationships between the HAI at years 1 and 10 and the change between years and subsequent mortality until year 17 were estimated from Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Two thousand two hundred sixty-four participants had complete data on a HAI at year 1, of these 1,122 had complete data at year 10. HAI scores tended to increase (i.e. get worse) over 9-year follow-up, from (mean [SD]) 4.3 (2.1) to 5.7 (2.1); mean within-person change 1.5 (1.6). After multivariable adjustment, HAI score was related to mortality from year 1 (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.17 [1.13-1.21] per unit) and year 10 (1.20 [1.14-1.27] per unit). The change between years was also related to mortality (1.08 [1.02-1.15] per unit change). CONCLUSIONS HAI scores tended to increase with advancing age and stratified mortality rates among participants remaining at year 10. The HAI may prove useful to understand changes in health with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D L O'Connell
- Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Department of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,Unit of Academic Primary Care, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Megan M Marron
- Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert M Boudreau
- Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark Canney
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Department of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jason L Sanders
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Rose Anne Kenny
- The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, Department of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anne B Newman
- Center for Aging and Population Health, Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Shaver LN, Beavers DP, Kiel J, Kritchevsky SB, Beavers KM. Effect of Intentional Weight Loss on Mortality Biomarkers in Older Adults With Obesity. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:1303-1309. [PMID: 30137218 PMCID: PMC7179512 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational research has identified several mortality biomarkers; however, their responsiveness to change is unknown. We tested whether the Healthy Aging Index (HAI) and other mortality biomarkers were responsive to intentional weight loss (WL), which is associated with lower mortality risk in recent meta-analyses. METHODS Older adults (70.3 ± 3.7 years) with obesity were randomized into a 6-month WL (n = 47) or weight stability (WS: ±5% baseline weight; n = 48) program. Baseline and 6-month HAI score (0-10) was calculated from component sum (each 0-2: systolic blood pressure, forced vital capacity [FVC], creatinine, fasting blood glucose [FBG], Montreal Cognitive Assessment), and gait speed, grip strength, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, FEV1, Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein, and Cystatin-C were assessed at baseline and 6 months. RESULTS Mean baseline HAI was 3.2 ± 1.6. By 6 months, WL participants lost 8.87 (95% CI: -10.40, -7.34) kg, whereas WS participants remained weight stable. WL group reduced HAI score (WL: -0.75 [95% CI: -1.11, -0.39] vs WS: -0.22 [95% CI: -0.60, 0.15]; p = .04), and components changing the most were FBG (WL: -3.89 [95% CI: -7.78, 0.00] mg/dL vs WS: 1.45 [95% CI: -2.61, 5.50] mg/dL; p = .047) and FVC (WL: 0.11 [95% CI: -0.01, 0.23] L vs WS: -0.05 [95% CI: -0.17, 0.08] L; p = .06). Among other biomarkers, only Cystatin-C significantly changed (WL: -2.53 [95% CI: -4.38, -0.68] ng/mL vs WS: 0.07 [95% CI: -1.85, 1.98] ng/mL; p = .04). Combining treatment groups, 1 kg WL was associated with a 0.07 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.12) HAI reduction (p < .01). CONCLUSION Intentional WL via caloric restriction reduced HAI score by 0.53 points, largely attributable to metabolic and pulmonary improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren N Shaver
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Daniel P Beavers
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jessica Kiel
- Department of Scientific and Clinical Affairs, Medifast, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Kristen M Beavers
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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6
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Morris BJ, Willcox BJ, Donlon TA. Genetic and epigenetic regulation of human aging and longevity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1718-1744. [PMID: 31109447 PMCID: PMC7295568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Here we summarize the latest data on genetic and epigenetic contributions to human aging and longevity. Whereas environmental and lifestyle factors are important at younger ages, the contribution of genetics appears more important in reaching extreme old age. Genome-wide studies have implicated ~57 gene loci in lifespan. Epigenomic changes during aging profoundly affect cellular function and stress resistance. Dysregulation of transcriptional and chromatin networks is likely a crucial component of aging. Large-scale bioinformatic analyses have revealed involvement of numerous interaction networks. As the young well-differentiated cell replicates into eventual senescence there is drift in the highly regulated chromatin marks towards an entropic middle-ground between repressed and active, such that genes that were previously inactive "leak". There is a breakdown in chromatin connectivity such that topologically associated domains and their insulators weaken, and well-defined blocks of constitutive heterochromatin give way to generalized, senescence-associated heterochromatin, foci. Together, these phenomena contribute to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Morris
- Basic & Clinical Genomics Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; Honolulu Heart Program (HHP)/Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS), Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96817, United States; Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Kuakini Medical Center Campus, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States.
| | - Bradley J Willcox
- Honolulu Heart Program (HHP)/Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS), Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96817, United States; Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Kuakini Medical Center Campus, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States.
| | - Timothy A Donlon
- Honolulu Heart Program (HHP)/Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS), Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96817, United States; Departments of Cell & Molecular Biology and Pathology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, United States.
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7
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Goodall EF, Leach V, Wang C, Cooper-Knock J, Heath PR, Baker D, Drew DR, Saffrey MJ, Simpson JE, Romero IA, Wharton SB. Age-Associated mRNA and miRNA Expression Changes in the Blood-Brain Barrier. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123097. [PMID: 31242592 PMCID: PMC6627814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional and structural age-associated changes in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) may affect the neurovascular unit and contribute to the onset and progression of age-associated neurodegenerative pathologies, including Alzheimer’s disease. The current study interrogated the RNA profile of the BBB in an ageing human autopsy brain cohort and an ageing mouse model using combined laser capture microdissection and expression profiling. Only 12 overlapping genes were altered in the same direction in the BBB of both ageing human and mouse cohorts. These included genes with roles in regulating vascular tone, tight junction protein expression and cell adhesion, all processes prone to dysregulation with advancing age. Integrated mRNA and miRNA network and pathway enrichment analysis of the datasets identified 15 overlapping miRNAs that showed altered expression. In addition to targeting genes related to DNA binding and/or autophagy, many of the miRNAs identified play a role in age-relevant processes, including BBB dysfunction and regulating the neuroinflammatory response. Future studies have the potential to develop targeted therapeutic approaches against these candidates to prevent vascular dysfunction in the ageing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Goodall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, 385a Glossop Road, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Vicki Leach
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, 385a Glossop Road, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Chunfang Wang
- School of Life Science, Health and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK.
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, 385a Glossop Road, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Paul R Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, 385a Glossop Road, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - David Baker
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, 385a Glossop Road, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - David R Drew
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, 385a Glossop Road, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - M Jill Saffrey
- School of Life Science, Health and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK.
| | - Julie E Simpson
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, 385a Glossop Road, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
| | - Ignacio A Romero
- School of Life Science, Health and Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK.
| | - Stephen B Wharton
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, 385a Glossop Road, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK.
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8
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Hook M, Roy S, Williams EG, Bou Sleiman M, Mozhui K, Nelson JF, Lu L, Auwerx J, Williams RW. Genetic cartography of longevity in humans and mice: Current landscape and horizons. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:2718-2732. [PMID: 29410319 PMCID: PMC6066442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex and highly variable process. Heritability of longevity among humans and other species is low, and this finding has given rise to the idea that it may be futile to search for DNA variants that modulate aging. We argue that the problem in mapping longevity genes is mainly one of low power and the genetic and environmental complexity of aging. In this review we highlight progress made in mapping genes and molecular networks associated with longevity, paying special attention to work in mice and humans. We summarize 40 years of linkage studies using murine cohorts and 15 years of studies in human populations that have exploited candidate gene and genome-wide association methods. A small but growing number of gene variants contribute to known longevity mechanisms, but a much larger set have unknown functions. We outline these and other challenges and suggest some possible solutions, including more intense collaboration between research communities that use model organisms and human cohorts. Once hundreds of gene variants have been linked to differences in longevity in mammals, it will become feasible to systematically explore gene-by-environmental interactions, dissect mechanisms with more assurance, and evaluate the roles of epistasis and epigenetics in aging. A deeper understanding of complex networks-genetic, cellular, physiological, and social-should position us well to improve healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hook
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Suheeta Roy
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Evan G Williams
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Khyobeni Mozhui
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - James F Nelson
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Robert W Williams
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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9
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Shadyab AH, Kooperberg C, Reiner AP, Jain S, Manson JE, Hohensee C, Macera CA, Shaffer RA, Gallo LC, LaCroix AZ. Replication of Genome-Wide Association Study Findings of Longevity in White, African American, and Hispanic Women: The Women's Health Initiative. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:1401-1406. [PMID: 27707806 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background No study has evaluated whether genetic factors are associated with longevity in African Americans or Hispanics, and it is unclear whether genetic factors are associated with healthy aging. Methods In this prospective study, we determined whether 14 genetic variants previously associated with longevity in genome-wide association studies were associated with survival to ages 85 and 90 in 11,053 postmenopausal white, African American, and Hispanic women from the Women's Health Initiative. The associations of these variants with healthy aging, defined as survival to age 85 without chronic diseases or disability, were also determined. Results Among white women, three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs2075650 [TOMM40], rs4420638 [APOC1], and rs429358 [APOE]) were significantly associated with survival to 90 years after correction for multiple testing (p < .001); rs4420638 and rs429358 were also significantly associated with healthy aging (p = .02). In African American women, no SNP was associated with longevity. In Hispanic women, 7 SNPs in linkage disequilibrium with a novel SNP, rs2149954, recently identified as being associated with increased longevity in a European population, were significantly associated with decreased survival to age 85 for carriers of the T versus C allele (p = .04). The association with decreased longevity was explained by higher risk of coronary heart disease in carriers of the T allele. There were no associations between FOXO3A SNPs and longevity in the analyses. In a meta-analysis, rs2075650 and rs429358 were significantly associated with longevity. Conclusions Future studies are needed to identify novel loci associated with longevity in African American and Hispanic women to determine biologic pathways regulating life span in these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aladdin H Shadyab
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Sonia Jain
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chancellor Hohensee
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Caroline A Macera
- Division of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, California
| | - Richard A Shaffer
- Division of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, California
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, California
| | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine
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10
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Singh J, Minster RL, Schupf N, Kraja A, Liu Y, Christensen K, Newman AB, Kammerer CM. Genomewide Association Scan of a Mortality Associated Endophenotype for a Long and Healthy Life in the Long Life Family Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:1411-1416. [PMID: 28329217 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of genes or fundamental biological pathways that regulate aging phenotypes and longevity could lead to possible interventions to increase healthy longevity. Methods Using data from the Long Life Family Study, we performed genomewide association analyses on an endophenotype construct, LF1, comprising a linear combination of traits across health domains. LF1 primarily reflected traits from the pulmonary and physical activity domains. Results We detected a significant association between LF1 and a locus on chromosome 10p15 (p-value = 4.65 × 10-8) and suggestive evidence (p-value < 5 × 10-6) for association on chromosomes 1, 2, 8, 12, 15, 18, and 22. Using data from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, we subsequently replicated the association for the 1p13 region near the NBPF6 locus (p-value = 3.65 × 10-4). Conclusions Our analyses indicate that loci influencing a healthy aging endophenotype construct predominantly comprised of pulmonary and physical function domains may be located on chromosome 1p13 near the NBPF6 locus. Further investigation of this possible locus and other suggestive loci may reveal novel biological pathways that influence healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ryan L Minster
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, New York
| | - Aldi Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - YongMei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Kaare Christensen
- The Danish Aging Research Center, University of Southern Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology and Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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11
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Dato S, Rose G, Crocco P, Monti D, Garagnani P, Franceschi C, Passarino G. The genetics of human longevity: an intricacy of genes, environment, culture and microbiome. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 165:147-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Ravindranath AJ, Cadigan KM. The Role of the C-Clamp in Wnt-Related Colorectal Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8080074. [PMID: 27527215 PMCID: PMC4999783 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8080074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell Factor/Lymphoid Enhancer Factor (TCF/LEF) transcription factors are major regulators of Wnt targets, and the products of the TCF7 and TCF7L2 genes have both been implicated in the progression of colorectal cancer in animal models and humans. TCFs recognize specific DNA sequences through their high mobility group (HMG) domains, but invertebrate TCFs and some isoforms of vertebrate TCF7 and TCF7L2 contain a second DNA binding domain known as the C-clamp. This review will cover the basic properties of C-clamps and their importance in Wnt signaling, using data from Drosophila, C. elegans, and mammalian cell culture. The connection between C-clamp containing TCFs and colorectal cancer will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi J Ravindranath
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Ken M Cadigan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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13
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Bediaga NG, Aznar JM, Elcoroaristizabal X, Albóniga O, Gómez-Busto F, Artaza Artabe I, Rocandio A, de Pancorbo MM. Associations between STR autosomal markers and longevity. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 37:95. [PMID: 26335621 PMCID: PMC5005826 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Life span is a complex and multifactorial trait, which is shaped by genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and stochastic factors. The possibility that highly hypervariable short tandem repeats (STRs) associated with longevity has been largely explored by comparing the genotypic pools of long lived and younger individuals, but results so far have been contradictory. In view of these contradictory findings, the present study aims to investigate whether HUMTHO1 and HUMCSF1PO STRs, previously associated with longevity, exert a role as a modulator of life expectancy, as well as to assess the extent to which other autosomal STR markers are associated with human longevity in population from northern Spain. To that end, 21 autosomal microsatellite markers have been studied in 304 nonagenarian individuals (more than 90 years old) and 516 younger controls of European descent. Our results do not confirm the association found in previous studies between longevity and THO1 and CSF1PO loci. However, significant association between longevity and autosomal STR markers D12S391, D22S1045, and DS441 was observed. Even more, when we compared allelic frequency distribution of the 21 STR markers between cases and controls, we found that 6 out of the 21 STRs studied showed different allelic frequencies, thus suggesting that the genomic portrait of the human longevity is far complex and probably shaped by a high number of genomic loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. G. Bediaga
- BIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - J. M. Aznar
- BIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - X. Elcoroaristizabal
- BIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - O. Albóniga
- BIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - F. Gómez-Busto
- Integral de Atención a Mayores (C.I.A.M.) “San Prudencio”, Center (CIAM) “San Prudencio”, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - I. Artaza Artabe
- Residencia y Unidad Sociosanitaria Orue, Amorebieta, Vizcaya Spain
| | - Ana Rocandio
- BIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - M. M. de Pancorbo
- BIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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14
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Ivanov DK, Escott-Price V, Ziehm M, Magwire MM, Mackay TFC, Partridge L, Thornton JM. Longevity GWAS Using the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015; 70:1470-8. [PMID: 25922346 PMCID: PMC4631106 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glv047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We used 197 Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) lines to perform a genome-wide association analysis for virgin female lifespan, using ~2M common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We found considerable genetic variation in lifespan in the DGRP, with a broad-sense heritability of 0.413. There was little power to detect signals at a genome-wide level in single-SNP and gene-based analyses. Polygenic score analysis revealed that a small proportion of the variation in lifespan (~4.7%) was explicable in terms of additive effects of common SNPs (≥2% minor allele frequency). However, several of the top associated genes are involved in the processes previously shown to impact ageing (eg, carbohydrate-related metabolism, regulation of cell death, proteolysis). Other top-ranked genes are of unknown function and provide promising candidates for experimental examination. Genes in the target of rapamycin pathway (TOR; Chrb, slif, mipp2, dredd, RpS9, dm) contributed to the significant enrichment of this pathway among the top-ranked 100 genes (p = 4.79×10(-06)). Gene Ontology analysis suggested that genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism are important for lifespan; including the InterPro term DUF227, which has been previously associated with lifespan determination. This analysis suggests that our understanding of the genetic basis of natural variation in lifespan from induced mutations is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dobril K Ivanov
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Matthias Ziehm
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK. Department of Genetics Evolution and Environment, The Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, UK
| | - Michael M Magwire
- Department of Biological Sciences, Program in Genetics and W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh. Syngenta, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Trudy F C Mackay
- Department of Biological Sciences, Program in Genetics and W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh
| | - Linda Partridge
- Department of Genetics Evolution and Environment, The Institute of Healthy Ageing, University College London, UK. Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janet M Thornton
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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